The Missionary Review of the World — September 1937

1937

Beaten But Unconquered……in China James P. Leynse The Use of Chinese Gospel Posters R. w. Porteous Experiences in the Papuan Bush Russell W. Abel Work in Ethiopia and the Sudan Tom Lambie The Conquering Power of Christ Julius Richter Women's Work in the Country Church Mrs. James D. Wyker An Arab Consults a Missionary Doctor A Monologue by James Cantine 25 Cents a Copy $2.50 a Year

to Remember Reda;m;ng an abandoned church in cenlralIllinois

September 13-1S-C 0 n fer en c e on Those Abandoned Churches • • • Presbyterian Church and the Jew. Princeton Theological Seminary. that dot the hillsides and valleys of rural YOU ARE PRIVILEGED America to-day-more than ten thousand of to sponsor this marvellous October 2-6 – Triennial Convention. them-are a challenge to Christian people of work "With Christ along Women's Missionary Society of the the Old Back Road." United Lutheran Church in Amer- all Evangelical denominations. Some are only evi- $12.50 annually maintains ica. Buffalo. dences of changed conditions. Many others mark the the work of one Sunday retreat of Christian forces. School Class. SUMMER CONFERENCES AND $25.00 annually maintains SCHOOLS OF MISSIONS The vast majority of Christian people living in cities the work of a Sunday School. and towns do not understand the serious rural need $50.00 annually maintains September 20-24-Southern California of the hour. Neither do they realize that in countless the work of an unreached (Los Angeles). Mrs. H. M. Horn, instances the A.S.S.U. has met and is meeting that community. 1955 Carmen Ave., Los Angeles, need. Old church bells are pealing again, calling $100.00 annually maintains Calif. young and old to thousands of Union Sunday Schools. the work in any given county. September 20-24 – Minnesota (Min- In a fine old brick church in a prosperous farming $1,200.00 annually fully neapolis-St. Paul). President, Mrs. section of east central Illinois, an A.S.S.U. Mission- supports a consecrated and Charles L. Grant, 610 Aurora Ave., ary recently organized a Sunday School. Thirty-six aggressive A. S. S. U. Mis- St. Paul, Minn. attended the first meeting. Three weeks later the sionary. attendance reached sixty. Now the people have pur- Will your Prayers and yout September 7 – October 1 – D a 11 a s, chased an electric lighting plant, and evening serv- support go with us to this Texas. Pres., Mrs. E. R. Alderson, ices are being conducted by a regular minister. In needy field? 561 Goodwin St., Dallas, Texas. scores of other instances, work reclaimed by our ministry has been turned back to the proper September 27 – October 1 – Houston, denomination. Texas. Dean, Mrs. A. B. Haynes, 618 Highland Ave., Houston, Texas. Evangelical in purpose, non-sectarian in method. and true to the Word of God, theA.S.S.U. is actively September 28-30-A n n u a 1 Interde- engaged in this national ministry of restoring wor- nominational Missionary Institute, ship to rural churches in forty States. Will YOU help? Woman's Interdenominational Union of Philadelphia and Vicinity. First Baptist Church, Philadelphia.

October 5-6-Warren, Ohio. Mrs. George Konold, 314 Scott St., N. E., Warren, Ohio.

October 21- Baltimore, Md. Mrs. David D. Baker, 410 N. Calhoun St., Baltimore, Md.

!In the £un~ ot gonuh un~ His qou'£~ Home Letters of AMERICAN DEPARTMENT OF MISSIONS, R8l7 MARGARET DEAN McDOWELL 1816 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sunday I wish to sponsor the work of the A. S. S. U. with the , She left a Chicago schoolroom to or- unreached millions of Rural America. ganize a cooperative laundry for refu- School Enclosed find $ ___ to be used for________ _ gees in Mesopotamia—and made it pay. Union ) Send your Quarterly Field Magazine – "The Sun- , She made friends with the sheikh of day School Missionary" a tribe of "devil-worshipers" who have an ancestral taboo against education- ( ) Mail your Booklet on Annuities. and he sent his children to her school. ( ) Send Sample Sunday School Literature. Name _____________ – – __ – ____ – , She met great ones of the earth-and in treeless Mosul spent hours creating Address _________ – _ – – – – – – – _ – – – a Christmas "tree" so that the children City ______________ State ______ _ should not be disappointed. 4 CHRIST ALONG THE OLD BACK ROAD , She began modern Christian educa- ESTABLISHED 1817 PIONEER SUNDAY SCHOOL ORGANIZATION OF THE USA tion for girls in Mosul-and many rise up and call her blessed. Personal Items one-half years of service as he says that he is "no longer able to recom- , Particularly valuable in connection The Rev. A. C. Snead, Foreign Sec- mend the Board as a Presbyterian with the coming year's study of Mos- retary of the Christian and Mission- missionary agency." Mr. Woodbridge lem lands. ary Alliance, sailed for a tour of was formerly a missionary in West South American mission fields on July Africa, representing the Presbyterian Price: cloth, $I .00; paper, 60 cents 27. He expects to visit Jamaica, Co- Church in the United States of Amer- lombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, The ica, from which he resigned in 1Q33. Order from Argentine and Puerto Rico, returning home on December 7. Mr. Snead ••• THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS OF earnestly requests the prayers of THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. U. S. A. Christian people for God's blessing on Dr. Ralph E. Diffendorfer, corre- his mission to these important fields sponding secretary of the Methodist 156 Fifth Avenue New York, N. Y. where the Christian and Missionary Episcopal Board of Foreign Missions, Alliance carries on work. sailed on Saturday, June 12, for Italy FOR SALE-28 new black poplin and Central Europe, where there are pleated choir gowns; academic style, • • • . Rev. Charles J. Woodbridge, Gen- pressing problems. Dr. Diffendorfer $3.75 each; Iblack mortarboard caps, $1.50 has announced an anonymous gift of each. M. R. W. LINDNER, 425 Seventh eral Secretary of the Independent 100,000 Reichmarks-approximately Ave., New York. Board for Presbyterian Foreign Mis- $25,000-for the work in Germany. It sions, has resigned after three and will be used chiefly for improvements (Concluded on page 448.)

MISSIONARY and value. It is devoted to the mis-

REVIEW OF THE WORLD sion study topic of the coming year- The Moslem World and the progress DELAVAN L. PIERSON, Editor of Christianity among Moslems. These articles are by missionaries who have VOL. LX SEPT., 1937 No.9 devoted their lives to the work and who know the conditions from expe- Publication and Business Olllce– rience. Some of the articles are by Third and Reily 8ts., Harrisburg, Pa. those who have come out of Islam and have confessed their faith in Christ Editorial and Executive Olllce– as their Lord and Master. The work 156 Firth Avenue, New York City. in Moslem lands is one of the most Entered as second-class matter at difficult in any field since the Moham- medans are militant in their propa- Post Omce, Harrisburg, Pa., under ganda and as a rule are very bitter Act of March 3, 1879. antagonists against those who pro- claim Christ as the Son of God and 25 cents a copy-$2.50 a year. only Saviour through His death on Foreign Postage, 50 cents a year. the cross. A list of the articles pre- Published monthly, except August. pared for our special number will be All rights reserved. Copyrighted 1937. found on the fourth cover of this is- British agents – Marshall, Morgan sue. It is advisable to order copies of and Scott, 12 Paternoster Buildings, the October REVIEW immediately. London, E. C. 1 shilling per copy, 10 shillings a year. PARENTS ••• When the good work MISSIONARY REVIEW PUB- In the Foreign Mission Field calls you East … saH LISHING CO., INC. Endorse Calvert School p&O BOARD OF DIRECTORS Home Study Courses ROBERT E. SPEER, President This year marks a full century of P & 0 A. L. WARNSHUIS, Vice-President for Children service to the lands beyond Suez! WALTER McDOUGALL, Treasurer Whenever you are called to the other DELAVAN L. PIERSON, Secretary Calvert School, through its Home Iustruc- side of the world, choose this tradi- tion Department, will give your child a tional route. Cross to England by SAMUEL MCCREA CAVERT superior elementary education … by mail, Cunard White Star •.• and there embark in a great liner of the P & 0 WILLIAM 1. CH..umEBL£IN regardless of where you may live. Mod- and British India fleets, led by the D. J. FANT ern, approved courses from this famous new 22,5oo-ton Strathnaver, Strath- school are being used by parents all over aird and Strathmore. Regular service MRS. ORRIN R. JUDD to Egypt, Sudan, Persian Gulf, India, WM. B. LIPPHARD the world with outstanding success. Burma, Ceylon, Straits Settlements, ERIC M. NORTH China, Japan, Australia" East and SAMUEL M. ZWEMER Give your children the advantages of these South Africa, Mauritius. Low rates.

Editorial Chat interesting lessons, carefully chosen books, Convenient through bookings can be arranged and attractive materials. Instruction is by your local travel agent or any office of The unusual situation in China is a under the personal guidance of teachers in very disturbing factor to missionaries, Calvert's prominent and successful private CUNARD WHITE STAR LINE the Chinese Christians and to all interested in the development of that day school in Baltimore. GENERAL AGENTS great land and people. What Christians can do most effectively is to t Write today for booklet of complete in- '25 Broadwayand638 Fifth Ave., New York pray for the afflicted people that all may witness a good confession, and formation. Costs are low. stand true to the highest Christian principles. The editorial "Topic of CALVERT SCHOOL the Times" and the articles in this 180 E. Tusc:any Road number by Mr. James P. Leynse, of Peiping, and Mr. Porteous will be Baltimore -0- Maryland read with deep interest.

*** The October number of THE RE- VIEW will be one of unusual interest The Minister's Social Primer Basic, Factual Articles Which Deal With New World Economics By WILLIAM L. LUDLOW Professor of Political Science and Sociology, Muskingum College SUBJECTS 1. Marxian Communism 4. German National Socialism 2. Soviet Russia 5. Democracy 3. Fascism 6. Trade Unionism in America 7. Labor Legislation.

The first chapter will appear in the October issue of CHURCH MANAGEMENT, to be published September 17th. Others will follow in order.

Send $1.50 for special seven-months' subscription to secure this social primer so necessary to men in public life. Single copy, 25c.

CHURCH MANAGEMENT Auditorium Building Cleveland, Ohio [401 ]

NATIVES IN THE ANGLO-EGYPTIAN

(See article on page 422.) REVIB ORLD VOLUME LX AN INTERDENOMINATIONAL REVIEW OF WORLD-WIDE CHRISTIAN PROGRESS NUMBER 9 SEPTEMBER, 1937 Topics of the Times LEADERS OR FOLLOWERS? educated for better leadership; they are learning how to keep the mass of the people from drifting There is a loud call today for leadership–for or floundering.

wise leaders, honest leaders, unselfish leaders, It was said of a certain politician: "He would courageous leaders, experienced leaders.. They make a great leader, if only he could persuade are needed in world affairs, in politics and indus- anyone to follow him." There are two requisites: try, in business and philanthropy, in education a wise, strong leader and people intelligent and and religion. How many nations of the world are unselfish enough to follow good leadership. How in a turmoil for lack of proper leadership! In much both are needed today! The Apostle James Cuba, Mexico and many parts of Latin America says: "Be not many teachers-:-or leaders-know- there is almost continual civil war because one ing that we shall receive heavier judgment."

man after another seeks to lead the nation's des- (James 3: 1 R. V.). In many lands, and in many tiny. Europe offers many examples of strong and spheres of life, confusion and conflict arise beweak political leaders. Spain is torn with fratri- cause too many seek to be leaders rather than cidal strife and is drenched with blood because of show a willingness to be followers. We are in- the conflict between rivals who would be leaders clined to forget that "one who would command and rulers. In Germany, Italy and Russia we must first learn to obey."

have examples of headstrong rulers who are in When the late Sadhu Sundar Singh, that re- the saddle and are leading their nations-but markable Christian ascetic of India, was in whither? America, he was asked by one who heard him In Asia the struggle for leadership continues. speak: "Have you any followers in India-any Gandhi and others are striving by different meth- who follow your ideals of life and methods of ods to determine India's destiny. China is bene- service?"

fited by the influence of a strong and intelligent The Sadhu thought a moment and then replied: leader, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, but Japan, "No, I have no followers. I, myself, am a fol- under the control of the military party, is leading lower." In that answer lies the secret of leader- the country to a war that threatens all Asia and ship to meet the needs of the hour.

may involve the world. Jesus Christ did not call men to be leaders; He Similar struggles exist in America. The ques- called them to be followers. He called them to be tion of the type of leadership determines the po- "fishers of men," rather than rulers of men. He litical program in nation and city, spells failure or called them to serve men rather than to exercise success in the conflict between labor and capital, lordship over men. They were called first to be and will bring failure or success in the Christian disciples (learners), then apostles (missionaries).

Church. Who are the leaders? Why do they seek Is not this the great need in the world and in control and whither are they leading? the Church today? What might we expect if, in- Much emphasis is placed today on the training stead of setting up many "leadership conferences,"

of leaders in all departments of life. Leadership we promoted training classes to teach men, wom- training conferences are being held for political, en and children to be good followers? There is one educational and religious workers-and in many safe and sane leader, the Lord Jesus Christ. If of these conferences, men and women are being men and women would sit at His feet to learn of [403 ]

Him; if we would know how to appreciate His has resulted. The Arabs, who are traders and love and His sacrifice; if we could understand cattle-raising nomads rather than agriculturalists His wisdom and accept His standards-then the or industrial workers, have seen their prestige wrongs in our own personal lives, the mistakes in and control threatened. Their racial pride has the family, in the Church, in the State and the been hurt. They have been warlike since the days world might be set right. As we learn of Him of Esau, while Jews are non-militant. Riots and and are ready to follow Him, He has promised to bloodshed have resulted and all Great Britain's give us power to do His work as He gave power diplomacy and military strength "have been reto the early Disciples when the Holy Spirit came quired to maintain some semblance of peace. upon them. Finally a British Royal Commission was ap- The great need today is not more classes to pointed last year to visit Palestine and report on train leaders but more classes and conferences to the most feasible plan for developing the country. teach us to be true followers of Jesus Christ-as Their report shows careful study and a desire to humble Christians, as parents, as business men and solve the difficult problem-but it satisfies neither women, as workers in Church and State, as mis- Jews nor Arabs. The proposal is for a "major sionaries and as executives. In proportion as we operation," to divide the land into three sectionssucceed in learning in this school of Christ, we giving to the Jews about one-third-including the can say with the Apostle Paul to less privileged western border on the Mediterranean, from about disciples: "Be ye followers (imitators) of me twenty miles north of Gaza to Syria and the Lebaeven as I also am of Christ" (1 Corinthians 11: 1). non Mountains; giving to the Arabs two-thirds- including the land south of Bethlehem, east of THE PARTITION OF PALESTINE the plains of Judea and across the Jordan River. The British are to retain a small "corridor" from Although almost insignificant in size – only Jerusalem to the sea at Jaffa, and a small circle about the size of New England- Palestine around Nazareth, and with a naval base at Haifa. has the most strategic position of any country in This would mean that the Jews will have the the world. It lies at the crossroads of Asia, Africa Shephelah and the lowlands of the Mediterranean and Europe. The natural wealth of the country, seacoast, where Tel-Aviv and other modern Jewas well as its command of the trade routes be- ish settlements are located; also Mt. Carmel and tween East and West, have made the land a de- practically all of Galilee. The Arabs will have sirable prize. It was this land, enlarged to reach Shechem (Nablus) and Samaria, the country "from the Euphrates to the River of Egypt," that around Hebron, J.ericho, and Beersheba and the God promised to Abraham and his descendants. lands of their ancestors-the Moabites, Ammon- It was many years before the Hebrews gained ites and Edomites. The British retain control of possession and then because of their disobedience, Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Nazareth and the railroad they were conquered and lost control of the coun- to the seaport of Jaffa (ancient Joppa). The try many times. From the earliest days of history Jews and Arabs are both offered independent this little country has been a battleground between states, with representatives in the League of Na- Philistines, Canaanites and Hittites; between tions. Syrians and Egyptians; between Assyrians, Babylonians, and Israelites; between Romans, The Arabs object to this division on three Greeks and Arabians; between Crusaders and grounds: (1) They say that they have possessed "Infidels" ; between the Allied armies in the the land by right of conquest and occupation for World War and the Turks. hundreds of years; (2) they are in a majority and now own most of the land so that it would be Today Palestine is again a scene of strife and a necessary to evacuate 225,000 Arabs from Jewish bone of contention between Arabs and Jews, be- territory; (3) the plan gives the Jews the most tween Christians, Hebrews and Moslems. As a fertile and desirable portions and most of the result of the World War, England was given a seacoast, while the Arabs are assigned to the mandate over Palestine and the Balfour Declara- more arid sections of the mountains and the semition promised the Jews an opportunity to develop wilderness beyond the Jordan. their ancient heritage and to make it a "National Home." The persecuted and ostracized Jews of The Jews find the plan inacceptable: (1) be- Europe have taken the opportunity to return in cause the whole land is theirs by right of divine large numbers. They have built cities, developed promise to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, by ancient farms, made good roads, established schools and inheritance and occupation, and by the Balfour universities, and have taken other steps to im- Declaration; (2) because, being driven out of prove the country and to increase prosperity. But Europe, they need Palestine as a National Home after seventeen years, and in spite of British ef- and they have shown the will and ability to develforts to maintain order, strife rather than peace op the country, which the Arabs have not; (3) because the Arabs are assigned the Jordan Valley

TOPICS OF THE TIMES

I .q z MPDI TER RA NeA N .:.' S£A 4 MEO/TERRA NEA"' .:,'.,'· o .seA " ,,~,_ -0— ,, ," . ,,,/ "oH.ebron ,t EGYPT -, ;<rBeerSheM r—–~~——–~ a ! Ie J' l ' I KEY ~EERSHE8A SU8- DISTRICT t EXTENDING roGUU' 01' AQABA _ Proposed boundaries ", Present boundari es CULTIVATION UNSURVEYEO /JO MIlFI _ Rai /ways —- Roads Courtesy ot "The New York Times"

with all the light and power plants, the Dead Sea material resources used to increase the prosperity and the mountains which are richest in chemicals, of the country. Both Jews and Arabs are so unminerals' and other natural resources. Both par- friendly to the British that they may yet unite ties want Jerusalem, Bethlehem, Hebron and oth- against them, as the Pharisees and Herodians er sacred sites. It is as impossible to give both united against Christ. Jews and Arabs all they wish as it is to satisfy both labor and capital, or both communists and God's plan is not yet made clear for His "peim perialists. culiar people" and His chosen land. Any arrange- ment, such as is proposed by the Royal Commis- The plan offered is objected to by many British "sion, can at best be only temporary. God's promise and by people of other lands who take up cudgels to Abraham was: "I will give unto thee, and to for one side or the other. Dr. Chaim Weizmann, thy s~ed after thee, the land wherein thou art a President of the Zionist Movement, finds the pro- stranger, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting posed partition unsatisfactory but thinks that it possession, and I will be their God" (Genesis offers the best solution of any plan suggested up 17: 8). to the present. Dr. Stephen Wise, President of the American Zionists, is utterly opposed to any ECUMENICAL CHRISTIANITY AT OXFORD such surrender of what he terms "Jewish rights." The World Conference on "Life and Work" that Christians as a whole have not entered into the met for two weeks in July at Oxford, England, to controversy, but many Syrian Christians in Pal- consider "The Church, State and Community," estine would prefer to see the Arabs in control brought together some eight hundred delegates because they find it more difficult to get along and associates from many different nations, Ori. with Jewish neighbors. Neither Jews nor Mos- ental churches and Protestant communi:bns. These lems are friendly to Christian mission work; included 100 young men and women from thirty neither one favors Christian or British control; countries, who constituted a special "Youth Secbut both are willing to see Christian ability and

tion" of the Conference; there were also many ments that threaten the efficiency, if not the very delegates from the younger churches of mission life, of the Church. la.nds. The Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Cosmo Gordon Lang, was president, and Dr. John R. 2. That the Church consider how to meet and Mott, well known American Methodist layman, overcome the evident purpose in many lands to was Chairman of the Business Committee. The elevate the State to a divine status, thus seeking Conference was much more widely representative to give human rulers more authority than that than that which met at Stockholm in 1925; but accorded Almighty God; also how to correct the there were no German delegates at Oxford, pass- tendency to racial discrimination, social injustice ports having been refused by the Nazi Govern- and the increase of immortality in personal and ment to members of the Confessional Synod. community life.

Many important topics were discussed by the 3. That greater emphasis be placed on the facts Conference in various sections, papers having been that God is the only supreme and ultimate auprepared in advance and "Findings" being pre- thority; that religious liberty is essential to husented for discussion at the general meetings be- man liberty, and that Christians are called of God fore approval. to use their resources to help raise the status of the underprivileged, the oppressed and unlight- Among the disturbing trends in the life of to- ened brothers and sisters of the human race. day were noted: the claim of the State-as in Germany, Italy, Russia and Turkey-to dominate The Conference closed with a united communion and control religion; the growth of secularism in service presided over by the Archbishop of Canall lands at the expense of religion, and the signs terbury, assisted by the Episcopal Bishop of Dorof moral anarchy which threatens the sanctity of nakaI, India. marriage and the home. THE CHINA-JAPAN CONFLICT The members of the Conference applauded those who advocated unity among Christians of all na- Since July 7, the world has been increasingly tions, races and sects; there was emphasized the concerned by another demonstration of the deneed for greater dependence on the guidance and termined military encroachment of one nation of power of God for the solution of all problems. the Far East upon the territory and the sover- Real progress was noted in the growth of friendly eignty of another at a time when other nations understanding between Eastern and Western are too busily occupied to intervene. So much is Churches and between members of French and clear to all the world, to which all further judg- German nationals. There was a call for a united ments may safely be left. And few will condemn Christian front to combat and overcome the in- the militarily weaker nation for deciding that pacrease of militant atheism and of pagan material- tient submission had ceased to be a virtue and for ism in all lands. risking all in self-defense. The infinite pity of the situation is that the blow should fall upon Perhaps the most striking proposal was for the China just at the time when her provinces and formation of a "World Council of Churches" to parties and leaders were heartily uniting in the include all non-Roman Christian churches that work of material and moral reconstruction which wish to join. This will be a world-wide organiza- had been so frequently interrupted during the tion planned and operated on lines similar to the quarter century of the republic. Inspired by the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America. courage, wisdom and unselfish patriotism of Gen- It is suggested that it function through an As- eralissimo and Madame Chiang and several likesembly of some two hundred members; its pur- minded associates and by the marvelous deliverpose will be to increase. the ecumenical conscious- ance of their leader from deadly peril in captivity, ness among all Evangelical Christians, and to confident hope of a great future for China had promote cooperation among churches of all na- been rekindled. The appointment of Dr. C. T. tions, races and denominations. This Assembly Wang as Ambassador to the United States and the would meet every year and might give informa- visit of the Minister of Finance, Dr. H. H. Kung, tion service through a World Council Journal; to America and many European countries, have it might also promote world-wide conferences, contributed to a mutually helpful international such as those held this summer at Oxford and friendship, but nothing has prevented the out- Edinburgh. It is hoped that this Council would break of a murderous "undeclared war." represent the "voice of united Christendom"- outside the Roman Catholic Church. The first stages of that war in the driving of provincial forces from the neighborhood of Tient- Among the Findings submitted and approved sin and Peiping, though it involved much slaughby the Conference were the following: ter J)f soldiers and civilians and destruction of valuable property such as the progressive Nankai 1. That the Christian Church meet the present University ~t Ti~Iltsin~ have been trifles as comchallenge of the serious economic situation in all Jands and the anti-religious and secularizing movepared with the terrific conflict which broke out on ning to open as usual. The same is presumably August 14 between rapidly gathering Chinese air true of the College of Chinese Studies (Language and military forces and the Japanese warships School) though the number of new missionaries lying at the Hongkew bund portion of Shanghai venturing into North China this autumn may not International Settlement, where they had no right be large. to be. Their position rendered accidents inevitable, and bombs intended for the warships It was intended to list here the missions at work dropped in the settlement, killing hundreds of in the war zone, but since the scope of the war civilian Chinese and several foreigners including increases daily that would be a hopeless and use- Dr. Frank J. Rawlinson, Editor of the Chinese less task. Recorder, and Dr. Robert Karl Reischauer of Princeton, son of the well-known missionary in In sharp contrast with this dismal picture of Tokyo. Since then by air and land and water, strife and hatred stand out the recent picture of Chinese and Japanese have hurled death and de- Dr. Toyohiko Kagawa of Japan, and Dr. C. Y. struction at each other, and attempts have been Cheng of China, smiling radiantly, with arms made and resisted to carry the war to the national about each other's necks. A later photograph capital, Nanking, and other centers of military shows two girl scout leaders-Chinese and Japaconcentration. nese-in a similar attitude. Let us hold fast to our hope that some day the love of Christ will Many are the predictions as to the outcome, constrain these two peoples, so nearly related, to but such prognostication is futile. If "God is al- love one another and engage heartily in mutual ways on the side of the strongest battalions," upbuilding for the service of the world. China will be once more humbled and crippled. There seems to be little or no prospect of a saving THE COMING GENERATION AND intervention by any or all of the other nations; MISSIONS but the new national spirit of the Chinese people, added to their traditional ability to "conquer by The youth of today sometimes criticize the misabsorption," may bring them safely through this sion boards on the ground that youth is ignored in most fiery trial of their recent history. the planning and direction of the work. They claim that the viewpoint of the younger generation is The outbreak having come in midsummer, ignored in religion, while it is sought in business, when many missionaries were absent on vacation, in politics and in social movements. when many had left on furlough and new missionaries had not arrived, the problem of protection All acknowledge that the future of mission work and evacuation has been comparatively small. is vitally linked with the rising generations. It Only a few who occupy key positions on the field is dependent on new life being constantly supare now being returned to China, though some plied, infinitely more than it is dependent on new who had sailed before the crisis became acute will money. probably be diverted to other opportunities for service until the way is open to the old field. The But are the young men and women of this commissions in the Philippines will gladly absorb a ing generation taking an interest in vital Christia'1 large number. At this writing evacuations of work as they are in politics, sport, economics and missionaries have been very few, but the Boards social reform? In how many churches are the and the field agencies are on the alert and pro- youth a strong factor? How much are young peovided with authority and funds to meet all needs. ple as a class willing to sacrifice for the Cause of Except as mentioned above, no missionary lives Christ? How many are ready to do personal work have been lost, or property seriously damaged. on spiritual lines? Are they trained to accept and practice fundamental Christian ideas and stand- It is well to remind ourselves that the situation ards? How many of the present generation of differs widely from that of the Boxer Outbreak students would sacrifice ambition and prospects in 1900. Then, all foreigners were the object of of business advancement to start and carry forannihilative attack by the "Boxers" and the Chi- ward a Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign nese imperial troops; now neither combatant will Missions or a Young People's Missionary Moveintentionally injure the citizens of any neutral ment? Have they the idealism, the courage, the nation. Apart, therefore, from the "accidents of ability, the faith to undertake such work, in face of discouragement and opposition? warfare," the ambassadors of Christ are not considered to be in serious peril. We believe that multitudes of the youth of to- day will respond to this challenge if it is rightly Latest reports from North China state that all presented. They must first be conscious of their is quiet in and near Peiping and that Yenching own debt to Christ and acknowledge His suprem- University northwest of the city and the North acy over their lives. They must realize the need China American School at Tungchow are plan- of the world and the ability of Christ to supply that need. When they see this as clearly as they of Nations. This is the missionary enterprise of the future. see the need for world peace, for social justice, One contributor takes exception to this view, for economic improvement and for better race re- and rightly if we are to be guided by Christ's ideals and objectives as they are presented in the lations, then they will respond as enthusiastically New Testament. This contributor says: and sacrificially to the call of Christ and man's In the early days of the Church there was no social justice. Palestine was seething with social injustice, naspiritual needs as they now do to the call of Marx tionalism, imperialism, absentee-landlordism, cruel taxa- tion, frequent rebellion-but was there not a spiritual life or Hitler or Mussolini for temporal and national in the midst of it? In my experience those who have been the greatest saints have often been those who suffered advancement. There is great encouragement to- most from social injustice. I do not think that the world as we know it will ever be rid of sin, and so I cannot see day in the spirit shown by Christian youth in a hope of our being rid of social injustice. I have not much hope of the coming of a cooperative Commonwealth many colleges and in summer conferences, in so- of Nations in the terms in which we see it today. We are in a time of tremendous chaos in which we cannot yet see cieties and in churches where they find true virile clearly the direction or tell the nature of the new order which will be born, though my own hopes lie in the d:recand spiritual leadership. tion indicated here. I do not, however, regard this as the "missionary enterprise of the future." Missions are con- The missionary cause must be presented wisely cerned primarily with the religious, not with the economic.

to appeal to the youth of today. What kind of a Let the coming generation be stirred to fight courageously against the present-day crime, inmissionary enterprise will students support? is justice, cruelty and selfishness, but the hope for a new and more fruitful day in Christian advance a question recently sent out to colleges by the Stu- is in a youth movement wholly loyal to Christ and led by the Spirit of God. f1ent Volunteer Movement. The Intercollegian and Far Horizons publishes the following answer which was among those received: .

Everywhere and for the most part increasingly, capitalism, communism, fascism and nationalism threaten the welfare of mankind. Nervous breakdowns, depressions, wars-these are all symptoms of a basic economic and moral sickness. Until social justice can be established, spiritual life is impossible. The great hope of the future lies in the development on a world scale of cooperatives and an increasing socializing of the means of production, pointing Ultimately toward a Cooperative Commonwealth RELIGIOUS BODIES AND GROUPS IN THE UNITED STATES IN A OOMPARISON OF THOSE REPORTING OVER 50,000 MEMBERS, 1935 AND 1936 Membership 1 Yr. Gain 10 Yr, Gain Membership 1 Yr. Gain 10 Yr, Gain 1936 1936·1935 1936-1926 1936 1936-1935 1936-1926 Baptists (19 Bodies) ….. 10,332,005 140,308 1,890,939 Polish Catholic Church … 186,000 36,000 124,426 Methodist (19 Bodies) .. , 9,109,359 41,798 1,038,740 Church of the Nazarene .. 133,516 5,867 69,958 Lutherans (17 Bodies) … 4,589,660 43,905 646,202 Mennonites (17 Bodies) .. 116,665 4,101 29,491 Jewish (Heads of Families) 4,081,242 Eastern Separate (2 Bodies) 107,675 78,087 Friends (4 Bodies) ….. . 105,917 dl,527 d4,505 Presbyterians (10 Bodies) 2,687,772 6,507 62,488 Protestant Episcopal …. . 1,918,329 21,193 52,243 Church of God (Indiana) . 82,893 364 44,644 Disciples of Christ ….. . 1,602,052 d6,700 224,457 Unitarians …………. . 98,600 38,026 38,448 East. Orthodox (9 Bodies) 1,092,349 94,262 832,955 Federated Churches ….. . 59,977 Congregational & Christian 1,010,776 d2,177 16,285 Scandinavian Ev. (3 Bodies) 55,237 385 6,452 Evangelical and Reformed 849,205 d71,384 173,401 Universalists ……….. . 51,159 68 d3,798 Roman Catholics (whole Lat.-Day Saints (2 Bodies) 777,695 12,981 171,134 Churches of Christ …… . 433,714 family) …………… 20,831,139 221,837 2,226,136 United Brethren (3 Bodies) 428,838 1,073 32,953 Total, Over 50,000 ….. 62,844,012 689,572 8,718,230 Reformed (3 Bodies) … . 366,583 81,958 110,318 Salvation Army …….. . 255,765 d3,336 180,997 Total, Under 50,000 649,024 147,832 271,636 Ch. of Four-Sq. Gospel .. . 257,635 5,255 257,635 Evangelical (2 Bodies) .. . 258,207 9,390 31,678 Church of Christ, Scientist 202,098 Grand Total ……….. 63,493,036 837,404 8,989,866 Population (July, 1936) .. 128,429,000 908,000 11,429,000 Church of God in Christ .. 200,470 170,207 -From The Christian Hemld. Breth. (Dunkers) (4 Bodies) 192,588 1,047 34,484 d Decrease. Adventists (5 Bodies) … . 195,553 5,435 49,376 Assemblies of God …… . 173,349 2,936 125,399

But Unconquered – in

By the REV. JAMES P. LEYNSE, Peiping, China Missionary of the Presbyterian Church, U. s. A.

W ITHOUT even so much as a knock at the "One day in the fall when the 'harvest of the door Mrs. Single Flower Liu, in a sky-blue five grains' was plentiful and people went merrily cotton garment, entered my study and told to their work, a student of the Truth Hall Mission me this story: School of Peiping came to our village elders. His words of new and strange things came freely out "Allow me to use some of your time, Shepherd- of his mouth. At the first watch of the night, teacher. Today, with the wind making many. a when all the people had supped, that young man whirling cloud of dust, there will be a few people would stand preaching in front of the village inn, gathering at the Hall of Glad Tidings. The saying that there is only one God of heaven and' heavens have turned yellow; the earth is almost earth; that the sun and moon belong to all the dark and the sun has only a dim light. Ai, this world; and that all men around the four seas are is truly a good room to come to on such a day; all brethren. It was truly a strange doctrine, but these books of foreign learning are a pleasure to that young man had his stomach full of good behold. I have come to you to speak about the learning and his heart was warm with sympathy. things of my heart. He knew how to speak words acceptably.

"Years ag<J, when through the goodness· of your "One evening when the moonlight was dim, I friends across the foreign sea, you invited me to went stealthily out of the family house and stood become a Christian evangelist, my joy rose to among:st the crowd like a man, so as to hear the Heaven and I determined that some day I should tell you the story of my conversion. Pray, do not student-preacher read ,from his Heavenly Book. weary of my account and do not regard it a hard- His preaching filled my heart with a peace unship to use your pen to write it down. I am but a speakable and I, humble young sister, cried out to humble woman of scanty learning and know how the Living God for help and guidance. In the to write only a few hundred characters of our lan- middle of the night my heart became so heavy guage; I am but nothing to compare with such an within me that I got up from the brick family bed one as you. and bowed myself to the ground before the great God and Creator for the first time in my life. "I was born in the village of the Deep Hill Waters. My ancestral home was favored by the "The next day when the sun had set and the gods with plenty of millet, rice, oil and salt. moon arose I went again to hear about the Way of Though the house was large I had but eight feet Life and to seek salvation. I was like one who of the family brick bed on which to sleep, just as had made her bow in the dark. While listening, everybody else. My highly esteemed grandfather my heart was mirrored before God, and I saw the was a chief priest of the Lotus Goddess and my blackness of my sin. I believed what the preacher uncles were leaders of Buddhist pilgrimages. Yea, said and knew that I was cleansed from my inthey even were active fighters in the great anti- iquity. At that time I was born again, a new Chdstian movement of 1900 when all over the woman, and my heart became settled in quietness land many missionaries and thousands of Chris- and peace. tians were killed. My honorable father was also an ardent Buddhist, who cared for the gods and "Afterwards that young man taught me to pray spent many pieces of good silver to help rebuild and to read the new…style writing. He put the our village temple. And my mother, though only Word of God into my hands and my faith grew a country woman of simple mind, knew all about until it became the most precious thing on the the gods and was a vegetarian for many years to earth to me. I witnessed to my relatives about it please Kuan Yin, the Goddess of Happiness. I but their temper rose hotly within them against myself desired from childhood on to serve the gods this new and strange doctrine. In their hardness of heaven, and with my very flesh and bones I of heart they vowed never to throw a single idol loved to do all that is good. Therefore I was set away nor to forsake the temple. aside to become a 'witch woman' of the group of the Lotus Spirit. "Years went by and my grandparents and par- ents all died, leaving me without proper care and protection. My uncles therefore took me in and [409 ]

filled my ears with many good promises if I only fore I could wean them. For this I bore a thouwould renew my faith in the old temple idols. sand bitternesses-but no more need to be said of They would have adopted me as their own daugh- such things. ter if I had but burned a little incense before the household idols; but I could not do such a thing "One morning, when the spring was young and and displease my Saviour. I was doing the housework, I sang a chorus 'Heaven is my Home.' My sister-in-law hearing "Then my relatives married me into the house- this cried out in great wrath: 'I surely will help hold of Hsu of the Village of the Seven Precious you to ascend to your Heaven.' I was ignorant Things, to a young man I had never seen before, of her intentions and did not in the least suspect nor even heard of. This is the custom of our coun- that she had put poison in the few mouthfuls of try of Central Glory. I was already twenty-two spinach I had with my millet. That night my years of age, and upon my arrival in my new body grew hot with fever and in the morning I home, I learned that my lord and master was but was stiff with cold. I could not utter any speech, a boy of fourteen years. From the first I saw that neither did my eyes see any light, and everybody the look on his face was sullen, yea, even when I said, 'She soon will die.' Hastily they bargained bowed myself three times before him, I knew that for a fiat cart drawn by mules to pull me to the he was a rude thing who did not know a whit of home of my uncles that I might die there. manners. And his relatives acted like him. I had brought with me a bride's box of sheepskin painted "At midday, when the sun was high in the skies red with beautiful trailing clouds. In it I had put and I was lying in the cart rolling hither and my garments of red and blue as a bride always thither on account of the many ruts in the road, has, but also my Bible and hymn book. I had I awoke a little and dreamed a beautiful dream. scarcely been in the house a few hours when the I thought I saw a big ladder reaching from heaven mother of my lord snatched the key out of my to earth and on it an angel came down carrying hand and looked hastily through the box. When medicine and food for my body. When the angel she found my Bible and hymn book, her heart be- was about to touch my heart and heal my body, I came course with anger. She cursed me fiercely cried out, 'Oh, most Gracious One, let there be a and, just as when a dog barks at something a hun- limit to my suffering and let me die in peace.' dred dogs start barking in chorus, all my relatives- Then that one answered saying, 'Not so; it is in-law joined her in reviling me. God's will that you shall live ; be of good courage.' I answered, 'If this truly must be so, grant me "Afterwards I learned that my uncles had sent three requests.' Then that one said, 'Is there anywords of warning about my Christian faith, say- thing too hard for the Lord to do?' I replied, 'See ing that by all means they should drive the evil to it that those to whom I belong allow me to folspirit out of my vitals. They stated that in doing low Christ. Arrange for me that I may study the so it would be considered only a small matter with Bible, and let those who are in authority over me them if they beat me to death. This was the rea- give me freedom to unbind my feet.' Touching my son that, though I was before my young husband forehead the angel replied saying, 'Your requests like a sampan that waits on a steamer, I did not are granted and so shall the Lord do to you.' find favor in his eyes, neither received any kind Straightway my stomach was cured of illness and words from his parents. It was my lord's busi- great peace was within my heart. ness to braid mats and to sell straw shoes but most of the time he was weary from idleness, and "When my uncles saw me entering their home, had much leisure in which to find fault with me. they said, 'How is this strange thing? This sick- ness is not unto death and how is it that her par- The affairs of that home were like the hills, with ents-in-Iaw give themselves the weariness of sendthe even places few and far between. On the day ing her here?' And all the neighbors looking at of my arrival they burned my Bible, hymn book, me said, 'Surely, she will not die and the wages of and tracts in the courtyard before a picture of the the cartman are but wasted.' Then I testified with gods of heaven and earth. But no shouting nor a power which was not my own but of the Holy beating with sticks could induce me to rise from Spirit and there was no one that dared to raise my knees when in the morning and evening I his voice against me because the Lord was at my knelt in prayer to my Saviour. side. In all the months I stayed in my uncle's house my life was as a road of heavenly peace. "Some years passed and to all of the people in The women and children gathered daily in my' the home of my parents-in-law I was like a mirror room to study the Word of God and many a man hung with the glass to the wall. I bore my master stood behind the street door curtain to listen. two children but the words he ever spoke to me were seldom heard. I was beaten so often that "Then one day, when the winds of autumn bemy bruises never disappeared. The measure of gan to blow, my husband stood at the gate and millet, left for me in the cauldron, was so small commanded me to follow him. As there was that my children were weak at birth and died be- nought to do but to walk behind him, I said fare-

BEATEN BUT UNCONQUERED IN CHINA

well to my relatives. All the weary way back to follow him any longer. Finally my relatives sucmy husband's home the tears blinded my eyes and ceeded in satisfying him. The law of our land one by one they dropped on the Bible I carried set me free and even gave me my son to rear, wrapped in my handkerchief. When I arrived though he was the only grandson of the family. within the enclosure of his home my husband Soon afterwards came the complete answer to my grabbed me, bound me with ropes and hung my prayer and I was permitted to study the things body from a beam in the house. Then he and his concerning the Bible in a special school for that mother used sticks and a big whip upon me in a purpose. Now, out of the goodness of your heart, long and fearful way. But I never as much as you have allowed me to be an evangelist to go cried out for mercy. I prayed to my Father in among my own Chinese people with the Gospel of heaven and did count the pain but joy. For many Salvation. Here I am, a lowly servant of Christ months that followed my husband and his brothers Jesus, taking my place in the fields of the harvest and their mother often used big sticks upon me, in this great country." but I always prayed as before and quietly praised my God in whispered songs. A DEAF LADY'S APPEAL TO THE GODDESS OF MERCY "One day they locked the gate of the house and again bound my body by a rope to a beam and By ROBERT B. EKVALL, B.A., F.R.G.S.* beat me until my breath came in gasps. Then my Christian and Missionary Alliance, Kansu mother-in-law urged her son to use a knife on me good and deep so as to cut the evil spirit out of Goddess of Mercy, the incense burns with framy body. In great confused hurry he hunted all grance sweet, over the house for the big kitchen knife, but the God of Heaven blinded his eyes so that he could But sweeter yet if I were not so poor; not find it. Then they all shouted and together The best that I could buy for I am poor. they beat my body with sticks. The pain became Ah, Goddess, hear my prayer. so fierce that I let my voice go out in loud screams. For you can hear. The neighbors heard it and one man climbed over Your ears are not dead stones that numb your head the roof into the courtyard and protested against As mine have been these past five years. their beating me to death. He bowed himself to Ah, Goddess, hear. the ground before my husband and my fatherin-law saying, 'If she has caused you loss of face But maybe now my tongue has lied on account of her disobedience I will repay for her And makes no sound. I wish I knew. sin with this bow. But let there be an end to this Perhaps my voice is dead-and after? thing. We, your neighbors, do not want our street The world is but a picture now; and if to be talked about and we most surely do not want Death dropped the veil, among the spirits the police to inquire about our affairs.' Then they Could a deaf old woman find the way? unbound me and locked me in a small room where No hope beyond, and half lost, stumbling now. frequently someone came in to beat me with a stick. But Christ Jesus strengthened me and was Goddess of Mercy, just one day that I with me in that little room so that I did not starve Might hear. For in the house across the street with the scanty food which was left for me. The foreign lady tells strange things. I know That they are strange, for Mei Nai Nai, "Some time later, on a night when the moon Who has not smiled for twenty years was misty and the clouds were heavy with rain, Till yesterday, cried, and then through tears a kind niece came into the house saying, 'Set forth She smiled, like summer's sun through falling rain. quickly, I have unfastened the gate, the road is Their lips are twisted by strange words; my eyes before you. Why tarry here any longer?' Pray- Are old! I cannot see. And even when ing to the Lord to protect me I ran as long as My son has mouthed the words he finds within the dim moonlight lasted. When the sun arose Their books, they seem so strange. I slept hidden in the fields with my Bible for a A story? But what story makes old hearts young? pillow. After suffering much from hunger and I watch his lips until he points above and says one weariness I safely reached the mission and friendly hands led me to the Industrial School for word. Women. A month later my son was born. As a Goddess of Mercy, let me hear but once that word means to earn something for food and clothing I That I may laugh through tears and feel at peace. gratefully took up making with my hands the colorful things which ladies in foreign lands like My incense ash has dusted all the floor; to put into their homes. The Goddess has not heard. The word-the word- "Boldly my husband came to claim me, threat- Five years too late. I cannot hear. ening to go to court about it when I refused to * Copyright From The Alliance WeeklY.

of Sin Bondage of Sin Allurement of

COLORED POSTIDR NUMBER 7- THE SIN PICTURES The Use of Chinese Gospel Posters I I~- Prepared by R. W. PORTEOUS, Nanchang, Kiangsi China Inland Mission Bible Training Institute SOME four or five years ago at a monthly mis- similar work might be done in all the military hos- sionary meeting, the writer happened to be pitals throughout the country. Instructions were sitting opposite Madame Chiang Kai-shek. immediately issued to all the military authorities She beckoned me to come over and asked if it to welcome Gospel workers in all such hospitals.

would be possible to get the various missionaries Weekly visits have been maintained in all kinds working in the city to unite in an effort to bring of weather and thousands of suffering men have the comfort of Christ's salvation to the wounded thus heard of Him who suffered, the just and the soldiers in the four large military hospitals in unjust, to bring them to God. As Madame Chiang N anchang. so aptly put it, "Be sure and tell them of the One Thus the work which, during the intervening who suffered more than they ever did!" Hundreds years, has been successfully carried on with the of these men have been brought to a definite ac- blessing of God, began with weekly visits to each ceptance of the message of life in Christ. Not a hospital. On receiving the fi~st annual report, few have died rejoicing in their new-found Sav- Madame Chiang wrote expressing the desire that iour. One or two hundred more have openly con- [412 ]

THE USE OF CHINESE GOSPEL POSTERS

fessed Christ as their Saviour before their offi- one, whose face beamed with happiness, said, "I cers, and several have taken a definite public stand am praying to God three times every day, in the for Him. Now the military prison is being visited morning, and at midday, and in the evening."

weekly by three groups of missionaries; through Here is another incident. On entering a small the generosity of the Bible Societies each of the ward, we found a very sick man, an officer, to' 600 to 700 prisoners have received cloth-bound whom we spoke a few words of co:r:nfort and help. pocket Testaments. Scores of these men are be- The following week we called in to see him again, ing brought to definite decision at the weekly Gos- and found his wife, who was a Christian, at his pel meetings held in the prison. bedside. The patient being slightly better, we Gospel and Wounded Soldiers* were able to have a longer conversation with him and, before we left, he said, "I will believe. Pray In addition to the United Gospel Service held weekly, which all attended who were able to be about, we also had the privilege of visiting the more serious cases in the wards. As we went our round amongst these poor sufferers, many showed great interest in the Gospel and, at times, as we bent over some sufferer, we would hear him say, "Yes, I am praying to Jesus." There were a num- ber of exceptionally bright cases of conversion and several died confessing Christ as their Sav- iour. One young man looked up into the face of the worker who enquired how he was, and said, "No, I do not want food. All I want is Jesus."

One poor fellow, lying on his bed in a state of extreme exhaustion was too far gone to speak, we were told. After several of the other sick ones in that ward had been spoken to, we sang a hymn, followed by a few words of explanation. Suddenly from one of the beds a man called out in quite a loud voice, "I believe on the Lord Jesus." Look- ing round, we found to our amazement that the words came from the lips of this dying man, whom we had been told was too ill to speak. Later on we had a conversation with him, and felt assured il~~.1that his faith was real.

Another case was that of a man who heard the Gospel before he had joined the army, but it was ~J.~J.' only during his stay in the hospital that he de- cided for Christ. As we were bending over a bed ………-., ~f&~~A·-t to speak to a sick man, a voice behind us said, "I …………. believe." Turning around, we found this man who was looking exceedingly weak and ill. He POSTER NO. I-THE DOUBLE FACE smiled and said, "I have read the books you gave me, and now I am trusting the Lord Jesus for salvation. I know He died on the Cross for my for me, and pray with me." On our next weekly sins." He went on to tell us much more, and we visit, as we entered the ward, the dear man's face were amazed at the understanding of the truth he beamed with joy as he said, "I do believe. I am had acquired in so short a time. trusting the Lord for salvation." After we had prayer with him, he himself prayed and gave We were standing in the ward when we saw a thanksgiving to God for all His mercy in saving man beckoning to us. He was very sick with his soul, and granting him remission of sins. His fever, and unable to speak coherently but after a words came feebly, for he was still suffering time we understood that he had attended one of greatly, but we know how well-pleasing to the our Gospel meetings, and now asked if we would Lord such a prayer must have been. A few days pray with him. A patient in the next bed re- later, as we paid our usual visit to the same hosmarked, "He knows how to pray himself. He has pital, we hurried in to see this friend, but instead always prayed before having his food I" Another • From The Chinese Recorder. of being met with his welcoming smile we saw

•..l -«- -itt A ~ ffJ h…, . ,f~ :~ 1 rt ~ 1 NUMBER 2-THE GRACE POSTE'R NUMBER 9-THE TRAIN POSTE'R that his bed was empty; and bedding and every- an excellent method of presenting the Gospel mes- thing else had been removed from it. On enquir- sage to old and young, especially to the illiterate ing from one of the patients near by, we heard in the unreached country districts. The Evan- that he had passed away two days previously. gelistic Bands, mostly supported by local Kiangsi churches, have found them just the thing they One of our workers who was looking around need to grip and hold the attention of those whom the ward, trying to find one of the patients he had they are seeking to interest in the Gospel message. spoken to previously, who had confessed to hav- ing received salvation, was addressed by one of The following is a description of posters pub- the soldiers who said to him, "You are looking for lished during the past six months: So-and-so, but he has gone. As he was dying, he knelt on his bed in prayer before us all." No. 1. The Smiling or Double Face. Showing the blessedness of the man whose sin is forgiven, A great help in this effective and intensive whose iniquity is covered. The face turned round evangelism has been the visualizing of the truths shows sadness. There is "no peace" to the wicked. of the Gospel by means of large, specially pre- pared, illustrated Gospel posters in various colors. No.2. The "Grace" Character. Showing the Christian workers elsewhere have expressed a de- word for "Grace," on the cross which stands at the sire to have these posters published, and over fork roads of life and death. The poster bears twenty have been put through the press; thou- the text: "We have all sinned and come short of sands of these are now in circulation throughout the glory of God." The question is asked, "Friend, China and most encouraging reports are reaching which road are you traveling." us from field workers of our own and other mis- sions. They tell of their usefulness in attracting No.3. The Joy Spring Poster. Showing a the crowds in the marketplaces and country vil- mountain scene with bamboo trees, some of which , lages, also in the city churches, Gospel halls and are cut down and used as water pipes to bring thE: streets. The revival poster was used to stir up fresh mountain spring water down to supply the the Christians in one district to pray for revival needs of the family. The text is: "Now may the and led to a time of real blessing. God of peace fill you with all joy and peace in be- lieving (the water pipe which keeps the Chris- Our student Preaching Bands, sent out from tian filled) that ye may abound in hope through Bible Training Institute in twenty to thirty groups the power of the Holy Ghost." during the past five years have found these posters

Foward Evangelism Posterst NUMBER 8-INVITATION: "COME"

No.4. Large Clock Poster. A clock hung on a large and will look up." Then the prayer in large characters, red cross with the hands pointing to God's hour; "Now "0 Lord revive Thy work and begin in me." is the accepted time." No. 12. True Happiness Poster. This poster is specially No.5. Tke Christian's Two Wings. A mountain scene, designed to take the place of the empty characters diswith one eagle flying, wings outspread, on which is shown played in the homes of the people at the New Year time. the Chinese characters for prayer and Bible study. The The large character which hangs on the Cross, bears the other eagle, perched on the ground trying to fly with only Gospel message in a nutshell. (John 3: 16.) At each one wing, on which is written "Prayer" in Chinese, show- corner there are in four characters, "He that believeth ing how both wings are necessary to become a (soaring) shall be saved." spiritual Christian. Special Offer. A sample copy of each of our local posters, 12 in No.6. The Fundamental Truths of the Gospel. Show- all, will be sent' post free in China only to any address on receipt ing a large "Fuh" (Happiness) character in front of the of $1.0(} either in stamps or C. 1. M. Note. cross, with descriptive sentences of the incarnation, crucifixion, resurrection, ascension.

No.7. The Sin Pictures. Three pictures on one poster: The deceitfulness of sin-a spider's web with insects caught in it.

A prisoner behind the bar, showing the bondage of sin. A black horse galloping towards a precipice-the dan- ger of sin.

No.8. Large character posters (size, 30×22 inches). Price, 5 cents each.

The character for "Come," printed in three different colors, with suitable texts, "Come unto Me," etc.

The character for "Righteousness" in three different colors, with appropriate explanations.

Orders may be sent with stamps or cheque to the Secretary, Bible Training Institute, C. 1. M., Nauchang, Ki.

Sets of Children's Posters, prepared by Miss Florence Luton, size 30×22 inches. Price, 10 cents each; or $1.00 per set of 10 in four colors.

No.9. The Train PostM', showing a man bound to railway track-descriptive of the danger and binding power of sin. The train judgment is seen approaching.

No. 10. Tke Boiling Kettle Poster. Showing a steaming hot kettle with a glowing fire underneath. The locomotive originally came out of the kettle, but as in every country, so in every church, locomotives-outstanding preachersare none too numerous. There is need, however, for a boiling kettle-a red hot witness for Christ-in every home.

No. 11. A Revival Prwyer Poster. Showing a Christian at prayer with his open Bible before him; the clock above him is pointing to 5 a. m. A scroll by the clock bears the verse, "In the morning will I direct my prayer unto Thee t Just published. New Gospel posters prepared by the Nanchang Bible Institute. C. 1. M.• Nanchang, Kiangsi; 42×30 inches; printed in three to four colors; ten cents each.

THE COLPORTEUR TO THE RESCUE Colporteur Lee Hiap Loong in Malaya reports that one day he met an old Hakka lady. He asked her to buy the Scriptures, but she gave no answer, scolding him instead, so he turned away. About a month later he visited the same place, and seeing four young chicks had fallen into the drain, he picked them out. They happened to belong to the old lady, who came out just at that moment and thanked him. She asked if he was still selling the Scriptures, and bought a Mandarin New Testament. Later she went to his house for interviews, and afterwards joined the Church, throwing her idols into the sea.-Fr01n the British and Foreign Bible Society Report.

in the Papuan

The Report of a Recent Trip Among Raw Heathen in the Abau District By RUSSELL W. ABEL, Kwato, Papua * Missionary of the Kwato Mission of Papua LTESS than two years ago (in November, 1935) ney from here on the way to Abau which we at Mr. Cecil Abel of the Kwato Mission, with a length reached on the third day. team of Papuan Christian evangelists visited After which a two and a half hours' journey the unevangelized villages of the Abau or Dore- round the beacons brought us finally to the man- vaidi district of Southeastern Papua. They found grove belt, in a clearing of which is tucked the the people steeped in murder, sorcery, warfare, little station Duram. Here the advance team that filth and many forms of sin. The response of .left Kwato ten days earlier and including Davida, some to the Gospel message was remarkable, espe- Merari, Alice and others, were awaiting us. They cially as these ignorant and degraded primitive had held camps at Segini-a group of villages of people saw and heard what Christ had done for "bush" people, about 700 in all, living up the Rob- their fellow Papuan members of the Christian inson River-and Ganai, a salt-water village of team. Five chiefs asked to return to Kwato with coastal Mailu-speakers. They had had a hard time Mr. Abel in order that they might see for them- at both places. At Segini the people simply took selves the results of the Gospel in the villages to to their heels at the approach of the campers.

the east. They came, they saw and were con- They camped away in their gardens and sent mes- quered by the evidences of the love and power of sages to say: Christ. (See September, 1936, REVIEW.) Then "We don't want missionaries. Weare ignorant they returned to their own villages to tell what Kunikas (bushmen). If you come you will doubt- they had seen and to try to win their people to the less make us wise. What then? Then the Gov- new Way of Life. ernment will say, 'These are not ignorant bush Here is the report of a subsequent trip made by people, they are mission people.' Then we shall Mr. Russell Abel and a Papuan team last May be made to pay taxes like the salt-water people."

when they visited the new district of Keveri and They had thought it all out. They reckoned it revisited the Dorevaidi villages. It is a story of was just a ruse, and they weren't having any!

modern wonders of the power of God to awaken (It should be explained that bush pepole, not hav- and transform ignorant savages through the work ing any means of making money, are exempt from of the Holy Spirit and the simple testimony of taxes.) Christian believers. What would be the results At Ganai it was the same. In the middle of the if such signs were always following those who be- village stands the dubu (temple) with its deeply lieve and follow Christ in America and other parts concave roof and almost vertically pointing gables.

of this disturbed and sin-stricken world! Mr. Within its dark recesses were incarcerated three Russell Abel reports: youths, initiates undergoing their period of seclu- Our team was a motley one, including Frank sion. These ceremonies are accompanied by Briggs (.a white visitor), Tiraka and a number feasts. It may be that the arrival of a team at of Kwato boys, village folk from different parts such an inopportune moment Was a cause of em- of Milne Bay and eleven young fellows from Bu- barrassment. However, the result was the same.

hutu Valley. Splendid workers the latter proved "We don't want you here," they said. "What to be-alert, disciplined, and experienced in per- good are you? Do you offer to pay our taxes for sonal work. Strangely enough a number of them us? No. Do you make our gardens grow any had never even been to Kwato, though they had better? No."- thoroughly assimilated all that Kwato stands for Nevertheless the guidance was for a week-end in the Christian life and testimony. We picked camp back at Ganai, which was held with very up the Buhutu contingent at Konemaiawa, the different results as will be seen.

nearest port of call for Buhutu, and a day's jour- We spent a day of preparation in Duram, dur- ing which the plan became clear to us-our vari- Ne•wThYeoArkm; erW icaanlteHreaMdqcuDaorutgerasll,ofTtrheiassumriesrs.ion is 156 Fifth Avenue, ous responsibilities allocated, and our swags and [416 ] provisions apportioned and packed in readiness. summit of a round-topped hill. A river bordered- One team was to make for Dorevaidi, and one for by trees wound in and out between the hills and Keveri. A third team, including the girls, was across the valley. From our height our boys to spend the week-end at Ganai, and then await eagerly speculated on suitable sites for football word from us before proceeding inland. We were grounds,! Some, really too modern for words, uncertain about what accommodation there would tried to decide upon the best place for a landing be. In fact we were entirely uncertain as to what ground for future aeroplanes! Papua, 1937. lay ahead, except that there was great opposition We returned~all tiredness gone, it is true-to to the Mission in Keveri, ;:tnd that heathen feasts the preparation of our evening meal. and dances (fertility rites) were in full swing in the district, which we learned at Abau, and which Some of the boys wandered up another track, made it still more unpropitious a time to be going which led to a tiny bush village. There were inland. A MUD BESMEARED WIDOW OF THE So we went! KEVERI DISTRICT Sunrise next morning found us aboard the K wato, rounding the beacons on the way to Abau, only two women at home, the rest of the inhabiand threading up the Babaguina River. We had tants having gone to a dance some distance away. morning tea on board, put the Ganai team ashore They told the women we were missionaries. at Ganai, half way up the river, and ourselves further up where the Keveri trail begins. By "Any white men with you?" 10 a. m. we were strung out in a long line, through "Yes." the Babaguina Plantation, and into the forest. "Who? Cecelo or Raso?" (Cecil and Russell We crossed a range of hills. Frank shot a young Abel.) wild boar, and at length we landed on a wide I was thrilled when I heard this, and from river bed (the Godoquina) on the other side of that moment felt no longer a stranger in a the range, at sundown, glad by then to call it a strange land. It was lovely to be known by day. We bathed in the icy, swift-flowing river, name, and in such unfamiliar surroundings. As cooked and demolished the pig, and parked our- we sat down to our meal we kept hearing furtive selvesl under the stars for the night. The next noises in the bush, a twig cracking, a faint rustle. morning, after a very helpful meeting together, We started calling, "Who is there? Is it a perwe set off again, and walked all day. son? Don't be afraid. We are Kwato mission- Two days tramp, boring further and further aries. If it is a person come out and see us." inland, up the stony bed of a rushing torrent, Presently a man cautiously emerged from the over another steep range (3,000 feet), and not a darkness into the light of our hurricane lantern. trace of humanity did we see. Just empty bush He was followed by two women, wrapped in country-miles of it. At sundown we called a bark-cloth blankets, peering over his shoulders. halt at a little clearing in the forest where a rough "barracks" had been erected. We threw ourselves upon the ground. Some started to light a fire and cook our rice. Two or three boys strolled off into the bush. In two minutes they were back, wild with excitement, and shouting, "Weare there! The open Keveri country is close to hand, miles of bare country." They begged us to come and see. "Oh, we are too tired," some of us said.

"Your tirednes,s will disappear when you see this wonderful sight. Ours did!"

We were carried away by their enthusiasm, and all jumped up and followed them up the hill. Suddenly the forest ended and miles of rolling, grassy country opened up to view. It was an exhilarating sight,and utterly unlike Papua. Our lads, never having seen anything but land heavily clothed in deep forest, found it breathtaking. The sun had set and delicious cool breezes swept up the hillsides, rippling the grass. In the distance was a little village perched on the

.One had an infant hoisted on her head. We Bolubaba. He is having a hard time. The peomade great friends with them, and eventually ple of his village have threatend his life and told pursuaded them to share our meal, which they him that if I, or Cecil, or anyone from Kwato appreciated. A shower ended our chat over a visits their village they will kill us. broad leaf piled with rice, and we scrambled into the rickety barracks, where we sang choruses We mounted a steep hill, on a shoulder of which and ended the day with a time of prayer and was perched the fenced village of Bolubaba. praise. There was Elebe, smiling welcome, and thrilled to recognize the members of the team he had met Early next morning we were strung out once at Kwato. Elebe had been led to believe that we more in a long line, crossing the grassy un- were coming and that he was to build a house in dulating Keveri plain. The road wound between readiness. Fortunately Elebe had acted on this conical hills. What villages we saw were perched guidance with the result that in the circle of dirty, on the summits of these hills. Our dinner guest crowded houses was wedged a nice, brand-new of the previous evening joined us as guide, and one, on high stilts, with a little balcony in frontmade himself quite one of the party (a -couple all ready for our occupation. The people were of days, later he was already embarked on the very friendly, and brought stacks of sugar cane Christian life). Women seeing us coming miles of the sweetest, juiciest variety. away, ran up the hills nearest the road, and called down to us as we passed: For the next three days we lived in this heathen village. The inhabitants, are continually sucking "Who are you? Where are you going? Who sugar cane, and throw the chewed refuse over the are the white men?" fence. This bred flies in millions and we could hear a constant hum in the background, like a dis- To this our guide responded: "Missionaries. tant organ. Everything in our little hut was Bolubaba. Raso and his friend. They say, 'Come crawling with flies. and see us at Bolubaba!' " The most curious feature of Keveri men is the On hearing we were missionaries they shouted, custom of wearing seven or eight smooth, horny "Agutoi!" (greetings) the Suau word which they tails from the backs of their heads. These are learned when Cecil and the first team came in- fixed on to the actual hair, permanently, and bound land and visited them eighteen months ago. Fur- tightly in leaf. The whole bunch of tails is then ther along two tall, well-built men, clad in the kept carefully covered with a wrapper that pulls scantiest scraps of bark-cloth, waylaid us and on backwards over the head. A little rattan halo seemed really glad to see us. One, an influential crowns the headdress, with tufts or sprays of casman and the heir of a village chief, said: sowary feathers· at the sides, and a fringe of stiff fibres frames the forehead. Over the fringe is "Cecil talked with me when he was here. He worn the shell homicidal ornament, which begins taught me how to pray to God and I have prayed at the right temple, crosses over the forehead like ever since." a bandeau, and hangs swinging down the left side to the knee. The cap or tail covering is tarred a (This, man is now converted and is coming to shiny black with a filthy mixture of wild syrupy Kwato for training.) honey and soot. And bodies are also shined up with a lacquering of sticky honey! This is in lieu This seems to have been a tactic of Cecil's, as of oil which, like salt, is a commodity entirely lackwe met several who told us this. Groping up- ing inland. The men are murderers. We looked wards toward God, through their ignorant into faces that appeared to be utterly bad. It prayers, had given the Holy Spirit His chance to would be hard to imagine a worse set of ruffians get into their hearts, and we found these marvel- than the male population of Balubaba, taken at lously ready. To others our words were unin- its face value. telligible, but in those, however heathen, who had prayed, there was a responsive chord. In Women seemed to be outnumbered by men, and some way prayer had meant something to them, we were pained to learn that tiny girls were alas they tried to tell us in limited, pidgin Motu, ready wives, and sadly enough wives of grisly old it had made them "feel sweet inside." They men; poor little drudges, cheated of childhood, wanted to know more. One man told me with and working like miniature old women at garden~ bated breath that he knew a little about God; he ing, carrying firewood, peeling and cooking. had been praying secretly, and it had made him strong. Now he is praying openly. Heathen though life in this village appeared, there was at the same time a bright and constant We were making for Bolubaba, Elebe's village. witness by Elebe and two men whom he has won. This man and a friend from further inland, spent These three let what light they had shine out. three months at Kwato, about six months ago, Every time strangers arrived they talked to or and returned, having been converted. Then silence engulfed them. The friend is entirely alone at a village about three days' walk from

EXPERIENCES IN THE PAPUAN BUSH

prayed with them. Often you would hear the "Why had we come?" murmur of prayer in some part of the village. Most important to all of them was the ques- Someone was being taught to look up. Women, tion, "Did we put a travatu–ban or taboo-on starting off for their gardens in the morning, their ceremonies, dances, headdress? If not, would first find one of these men and ask him to should they continue with the festivities that pray with them before they left. The women night? Would it be safe for them to do so?" seemed singularly ripe soil, poor souls. Chris- "Safe?" I queried, "What do you mean by tianity will be all gain to them. Morning and eve- that?" ning prayers were quite an institution in the vil- Well, they explained, if they went, in the face lage, although the antagonism of Mura, the chief, of our disapproval, would we make a prayer to made this difficult. Apart from the above three in- God and bring down His wrath upon them? quirers, there were a few people secretly intrigued There was great fear of this, and it was on this by the "New Way," but afraid of the others. that they really wanted our opinion. There seemed to be open disgust and impatience with the little handful of pioneers. Elebe is quite A KWATO TEAM WORKER AND A NEW CONused to unpopularity now. This was the situation VElRT FROM THE I NTERIOR OF PAPUA we seemed to find everywhere in Keveri. I replied that we had not come to make a lot of When Cecil Abel made his first brief tour of the taboos, or interfere with their affairs. We had district eighteen months ago the people had lis- brought a new kind of life altogether in which God tened attentively to all that the team had had to is our Master and we obeyed Him. They had not say. Many felt glad at the thought of an end of taken that step yet, and so were free to follow the old ways, and hoped the Mission would tame their own wishes. We said that God wanted them them and that killing would stop. But this respon- to turn to Him, not ignore Him. Probably when siveness was soon dispelled by wild reports cir- they changed they would not want many old cusculated as to the awful things it was alleged would toms any more, but in any case there was no happen if people started following the "New Way." "ban." These yarns eventually reached the Government ears and were attributed to distortions on the part This was the answer we felt led to give them, of converts from Dorevaidi (the adjacent inland but they were not quite satisfied. There were at district), misrepresenting what they had learned. least six men, three in Bolubaba, and three from I found no mystery whatever about the origin of other villages with whom some of the team had these stories, and traced them largely to three already had talks, and who were known by all to men, die-hards of the old Papua. They were all be openly "seekers." prominent in the feast and fertility rites that were taking place. Pr6bably the fear that the new "What about them?" the people asked. "Were ideas would upset the ancient traditions and cus- they coming to the feast?" "Well," I said, "I'm toms in which they were important personages, not stopping them. Ask them." made them kick all the more. Anyone, they said, who joined the "New Way" would die. Their gardens would not bear. If they decorated themselves, God would be angry and make the sun wax hot and scorch them to death. There were many other predictions, quite unrepeatable and descending to the ludicrous and the obscene. These primitive, superstitious people with their continual "touch wood" outlook on life, were frightened, and felt it safer to have nothing to do with the new missionary "medicine."

Many of them had very foggy ideas as to what we were. They seemed to regard the Mission as a kind of "government," unarmed, but in league with the unseen, which is far more terrifying to primitives than police, or a term in gaol. Without experiencing this, no one quite feels himself a complete man.

The first afteroon they all crowded round with straightforward questions, which I thought was a sign of intelligence.

One and all refused to go or let their wives go. wouldn't take all this trouble. And we are all too With regard to the latter there was no uncertainty occupied with our old customs even to come and whatever. Why? They said: listen to what you want to bring us."

"All that is darkness. We want you to show us I was quite taken back. The man's conscience light." was pricking; the Holy Spirit was working.

Elebe had thrown away all his sorcery para- The next morning nothing would induce him to phernalia. Some wanted to do likewise. The cere- go back to the long drawn-out festivities. The mony was full of sorcery, and other things for next evening he had given himself to Christ and which all the new converts lost their taste. was drinking in eagerly all we could teach him of the "New Way," and was himself taking part in .a By now the village was ,crowded and the din meeting. If you could have seen the contrast, the was great. There were children everywhere, and unlikelihood, humanly speaking, of such a thing women busy with cooking the evening meal in happening, you would be able to marvel, as we ingenious ovens of hot stones. Out came drums marveled, at the mighty power of God, who hears and headdresses, and conceited youths, eaten up and answers prayer. with pride in themselves, swanked about in their glory, danced, flaunted their feathers, and dis- The next day was the extra day we were led to charged their surplus energy on their drums. spend at Bolubaba. It coincided with the monthly Day of Prayer at Kwato. Many all over the world I asked a small boy, with a daub of red paint on were praying with us specially on that day. It his nose, whether he would like to come to Duram was a glorious day of witness and God gave us for a while and go to school. He swaggered up many opportunities on every hand to talk to peoand down among the crowd, looking comical with ple individually of Him and His way of life for bright red nose, shouting, "I'm going to Duram! them. We entered the people's houses freely, and I'm going to be a missionary!" although a few seemed impatient, most welcomed us and gave us the feeling that a great harvest Suddenly all decided it was time to clear off to was about to be reaped. That afternoon I was the scene of the night's revels, a little village privileged to be present at a little meeting of higher up the hill where food was displayed from Keveri converts – some could only just be called stands and trees, like a harvest thanksgiving. The that-and it was a joy to hear them sharing for drums accompanied a complete abandon to animal the first time their new experiences, and the thrillspirits all through the night. ing first steps that they were being guided to take.

The following day we spent in an empty village We had some good public meetings, in which I -that is to say empty except for the little handful refuted, or tried to, the wild rumors that had been who were occupied with higher things than the connected with our aims in coming among them. parade of world, flesh and devil that was going on The testimony of the Buhutu members of our team elsewhere. We had good talks with these few, but was a great help. They were able to tell a woncould not help feeling we had cornea long way to derful story of what had happened in their own visit a ring of empty houses. "bush" district, of communal life collapsing through fear of sorcery; of villages scattered We were convinced that we were to fight this through internal hatreds, and of the big change situation with prayer, and not accept defeat. We when individuals began letting God into their prayed for those dancers, asking God to bring hearts and lives; of the new, reconstructed life of them to an end of themselves, to satiation and to Buhutu with its flourishing, progressive villages stir them to some vision of the futility of the old controlled by God. They told the story well and degrading life. We prayed until we felt sure of made it personal as they told of their own inditwo things: first that we, that is the few of us vidual part in an this, their own surrender to who were passing through, should remain at Bolu- Christ. These converted "bush" lads were keen baba another day, and second, that all defeatism to do their part in the camp, and an important and any barriers in us had been surrendered and part it was. God's peace filled us instead. The end of this story has still to be told, as I The day wore on with its deserted, "Sunday-in- was only a member of a sort of "flying squad," Scotland" air, but that evening things began to making a hurried round. We set off from there, happen. We were settling down to our evening leaving the main team to carryon, to be reinmeal when a man returned from the feast caned forced later by Davida's team who were working me out. He wanted to apologize for his behavior, up towards Keveri from the Dorevaidi direction. and seemed most upset. We set our faces towards Dorevaidi, passing a filthy, dirt-strewn village where a feast had been "Why, what have you done?" I questioned. held, and later another village, Mukawala, where "Oh," he said, "this is the first time you have ever been to Keveri, and we all cleared out and left you. You have come all this way to teach us something. It must be something great, or you

festivities were in full swing. (They celebrated in The village and its inhabitants are clean; flower a different village each night.) This village too gardens are in front of the houses and a cleanwas in a filthy state, and the jaded crowd gath- swept air made us want to rub our eyes and make ered there looked worn out. They had been at it sure we were seeing straight. all night and looked fed up. Food lay about everywhere, and on a tall tripod where it had been dis- We were given a warm-hearted welcome. At played were still hanging gruesome-looking black- Keveri we had bought all our food from the nasmoked kangaroo-shrivelled and contorted, and tives, rather than have to carry supplies all the coils of smoked python. There were a lot of young way. At Bolubaba we had had a daily hoi-hoi fellows there, poor lads with evil faces, destined (market) when they had brought taitu (food) to for something far better. I compared them with be exchanged for salt. The food was poor, the some of the youth at Kwato, Sariba, Milne Bay good stuff having been devoted to feasting. Now and Bohutu. They were very cordial. We greeted at Ukoudi when women rolled up with net bags them all and hurried on our way as we had a long full of very excellent sweet potato and taro, as a march ahead. I prayed as I walked that God matter of course I opened the swag, and delved would capture the youth of Keveri, and show us for salt to pay them. how to train our own youth into an army of evangelists for the inland frontier. In response to my "Oh," they said reproachfully, "this isn't hoiprayer God gave me a distinct vision about this. hoi. This is our gift. We want you to feel that Three youths running after us asked me about this is your village too. All our food is yours." their dancing. From then onwards-and we stopped at Dore- "Why," they asked, "don't the 'changed ones' vaidi, Nebulu, Makaca and Kurondi and Domara join us?" -not once did we have to buy food. It was heaped upon us at each place and we did not know Elebe was with us so I asked him, "When you how to get through it. were at Kwato did anyone tell you not to dance?" I cannot describe the change, the difference, in "No," he replied. these villages. Dorevaidi is now like a well-run "Then why didn't you join last night? These mission station. The things one noticed first were boys want to know." cleanliness and discipline, and children playing- Elebe thought for a while, then smiled and a lovely sight that made one feel the Lover of chilpointed upwards. He added, "I have no wish to dren was there. We spent two nights at Dorego back to an that." (He would not leave his wife vaidi in a beautiful big house especially built for in that village for a moment-even in the day- the Mission, and had some great times with the time.) people. The reason why things are going ahead there is that the Christians are constantly on the I told them that God had a far better life for job, linking up with other villages further on. them and they were the ones to lead Keveri out of the old ruts and to take the "New Life" to new The farthest outpost is now Orodei, two days' districts. I said we didn't ban those things. journey beyond Dorevaidi, and we are expecting There was no need to. the first converts from Orodei to arrive at Kwato for training. "Wait till you are changed," I said, "you will have not time for such things then. Your lives Two men from Keveri came straight down to will be too full of real things. Like Elebe you the coast, to return to Kwato with us. One was will find, when you give yourselves to God, that the chief of Bolubaba, Mura, who has been a hot you won't care about an that. There is no ban opponent, and whom I was led to invite. To the for you. The only law we have who follow the amazement of all he consented to come. The 'New Way' is to obey God. That does not apply other man was a complete surprise, and the sequel to you yet." to our prayers for Mukawala. Apparently imme- diately after we had left that village the chief I reminded them that whether their tribes pro- leader of ceremonies also left. He announced that gressed, or remained chained to old things, de- he was sick of the whole business and was going pended on them, and prophesied that one day to Bolubaba to find something better. His friends they would open the way for God over those hills quarreled violently about this, but he said, inland. They looked wistful. "Why is it that people have come from every vil- Please pray that prophecy to its fulfilment. lage on the Keveri side for this feast and none We marched through the forest for two hours from Dorevaidi side? Because they are too busy and we emerged upon the village of Ukoudi. Here with new things while we are wasting our time a surprise awaited us. This is a new Christian with old rubbish." village that has recently been entirely rebuilt. The contrast with Mukawala we found a bit sudden! So he walked out on his own party and is now There are fine big houses, facing a lovely river. learning God's will for Mukawala at Kwato.

TO NEW FIELDS IN THE ANGLO-EGYPTIAN

Work in Ethiopia and the Sudan By TOM LAMBIE, M.D., Sc.D., F.R.G.S.

Missionary of the Sudan Interior Mission DECENT events in Ethiopia have emphasized A few months ago things in Ethiopia looked dis- ~ anew the unwillingness of the Roman Cath- couraging while recent reports are more prom- olic Church to countenance the presence of ising. We must be patient and see. In the mean- Protestant mISSIOnaries in countries dominated time there has been much disruption in Protestant by their influence. We can understand this feel- mission work. According to our latest reports ing although we do not sympathize with it. thirty-five of Sudan Interior missionaries are to be permitted to stay but these are less than half There seems to be some agreement between the Papal hierarchy and Fascist Rome; but there are of the force two years ago. This Mission, which also points of disagreement between them. The has united with the Abyssinian Frontiers Mission, desire to expel Protestant missionaries from cen- has decided to open a new work on the Anglo- tral Ethiopia may be inspired from the Vatican Egyptian Sudan side of the Abyssinian border in but Fascist Italy may also desire to have none but fulfilment of a former expectation. Italian subjects in Ethiopia, because they might interfere with a strict dictatorship. Mus'solini When Dr. Roland V. Bingham and the writer visited the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan last March the· would like to have things his own way without any Governor-General, Sir Steward Symes, in his first adverse comments from non-Italians. While such sentence remarked: "You do not need to convince an exclusive policy remains in force it makes me of the benefits of Christian missions. I have Protestant missionary work difficult if not impos- seen them at work and am convinced of their sible; even French and other non-Italian Catholic value."

missionaries have been expelled. Two weeks in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan was [422 ]

THE CONQUERING POWER OF CHRIST

much too brief a time for a real survey, but we the missionaries who are rendered homeless by were able to make a trip to the Blue Nile and the Italian occupation of Abyssinia. We hope to southern Fung area in a Ford V-8. South of open stations at once at Wisko and Kurmuk. The Khartoum we saw the Gezira irrigated area where latter town is on the Abyssinian border. Gedaref, thousands of acres are being cultivated to grow Kassala, Gallabat and other populous areas are some of the finest cotton in the world. This area on the Sudan Abyssinian border and are accessible was desert a few years ago. by train and motor car.

Wad Medami is a thriving city; farther south The whole area, from the Red Sea westward to are Singa and Sennaar; large villages, practi- Nigeria, is practically without Christian witness. cally all Mohammedan, dot the landscape. Still The United Presbyterians have missions at Kharfarther south, we traveled into the tropical forest toum and on the Sobat River; the Church Miswhere thorny trees are interspersed with enor- sionary Society workers are at Omdurman and in mous baobab trees, fantasic leafless giants which the far south; the Sudan United Mission workers are among the most curious trees in the world. are at Melut and .the Nuba Mountains. These are Still farther south, about seventy miles from only bright spots on an immense expanse of un- Roseires and only thirty or forty miles from Abys- evangelized territory. sinian border, are the Inghesana hills with curious rock formations like dolmans; here a range We flew from Khartoum to Kano, from the Nile of hills rises to a heighth of two thousand feet to the Niger, and until almost at the end of the above the flat Sudanese plain. journey, Maidukuri in Nigeria, a distance of nearly two thousand miles, we did not pass over On the sides of these hills and in the valley live any mission station. From Khartoum to Red Sea the Inghesana people from whom the hills take we would not have passed over any, excepting at their names. They are simple farm people who Khartoum itself. grow Kaffir corn in large quantities and have fine cattle. From the dom palm trees they gather What a privilege to have fellowship with our enormous quantities of dom nuts, the kernels of Lord in sacrificial service. This is not an easy which are intensely hard vegetable ivory. field, and we would urge no one to offer them- selves for service here unless they are prepared to These people are without any knowledge of sacrifice and endure hardships. Christ or in the ways of European civilization. If let alone they will soon become Islamized. To We covet your prayers and fellowship as we these people we are planning to go, with some of once more go forward in His Name.

The Conquering Power of Christ L _.o~ By PROFESSOR JULIUS RICHTER, Berlin, GermanYII~o,- O NCE more in our times there is an all-world in a few years or decades. They forget that none discussion of the greatest powers at dis- of these past empires have outlasted even a single posal of the human race. There are four generation; they were similar to Daniel's great different views. image, of imposing brightness yet with clay feet, and a single great stone cut out without hands, One group regards military armaments for smote the image upon his feet' of iron and clay land, sea and air as the greatest force; they lose and broke them to pieces. The iron, the clay, the sight of what has been so irrefutably proved by brass, the silver and the gold were broken to the Great War: that a sudden change of com- pieces and became like the chaff of the summer binations can cause such a transformation of the threshing floors! opposing fronts to emerge that all former calculations are void and futile. Others again think of money as the greatest power. Yet no country was ever able to amass Others think that if some great military genius, such riches of gold and silver and diamonds as like Alexander the Great or Julius Cresar or Na- Spain gathered to itself in the sixteenth century, poleon or Girgis Khan, emerges he will simply or the Inca Kingdom in Peru in the preceding sweep the globe and build up a world empire with-

century. Both of these countries were completely those curious mystery religions invading the Ro- impoverished within one short century and there man Empire from the East and for some centuries has been no recovery even after four or five cen- competing with each other, the balance for a cen- turies. Nothing is more perishable than material tury and a half being doubtful if Mithraism or wealth. Christianity at the very end would get the upper At present there appears to be a general over- hand. Christianity, to general surprise, turned valuation of the power of nationalism; it inspires out victorious, though an all-powerful army was people with a new vigor comparable to a mighty on the side of Mithraism. Yet that Mithraism was stimulant, with a gigantic explosive power, such a spent force to such extent that only the most as we see in Japan, for example. Yet in the his- modern research after fifteen hundred years has tory of the human race, which we know through rediscovered that a long long time ago it was conthe last six or seven thousand years, such national sidered a dangerous rival to Christianity. explosions are almost like the passing bubbles in Why has not Christ been forgotten? Why has a rushing stream; they change color or direction Christianity gone on victoriously? The next seven with the current for a short time, and then the or eight hundred years after Constantine were a wonderful age when all Keltic, Teutonic, Nordic, force is spent. and Slavic tribes exchanged their outworn tribal There is only one Power which through two religions for Christianity. Most of them, of their thousand years has never relaxed and which even own free will, preferred the new Christian relinow is showing no sign of evanescence, that is the gion and considered it the earnest of a new era in Spirit and power of Jesus Christ. Imagine that their national ascendency. you stood under the cross of Jesus in the time of Pontius Pilate and of Caiaphas, the High Priest. So it has gone on through the centuries; and it What would they have said? They would have is a fascinating history to follow, tracing the adpointed in scorn at the young man on the gibbet; vancing Christian faith across land and sea, from a poor artisan from an obscure corner of Galilee, continent to continent. The world missionary at the frontier of heathendom. They would have movement is the vanguard of the advancing power said that He had been parading for two years, like of the Spirit of Christ. some scores of other upstarts, as the promised Messiah, and that the faithful nation of Jews had Here is one point of orientation in our modern discarded him; the political power of Rome had world-wide campaign. We look back on two thoualso justly put him away as a rebel; the highest sand years of victorious advance, no world power ecclesiastical authority had also condemned him we know of has in any respect a comparable as a blasphemer. Of course they would have said record. We study the particular energies which that this Jesus was discredited and destroyed even Christianity has supplied at different times and more than any other previous upstart messiah. among different nations. We ,admire that won- Even the small group of his adherents had de- derful adaptability which could fit into the speserted him. He was ending in shame and despair, cial environment it was facing in different counfor they had heard his last words: "My God, why tries and races; we wonder how it could integrate hast thou forsaken me?" and develop to a higher perfection all spiritual and rational equipments; how it could become in- What would Pontius Pilate have said if you had digenous to such an extent that St. Mary is looked hinted to him that within three of four centuries upon as Polish in Poland and the Sainted Virgin the emperor of the Roman empire would bow his of Guadeloupe has become Aztec in Mexico. With knees before the name of this Jesus and, with the Greeks Christianity developed their philosognashing teeth, would confess: "Thou has con- phy; with the Romans this new faith promoted quered, 0 Galilean!" All types of historians have statecraft; with the Germans "the Holy Roman pondered over the victorious Power which in so Empire became of German nationality" as the short a time was pervading and recasting the earthly incarnation of the Kingdom of God; with mightiest empire the world had yet known. Many the British Christianity inspired their imperial reasons have been advanced but, whatever causes progress with religious responsibility. The relimay have contributed, there can be no doubt that gion of Jesus Christ is still proving its divine the one underlying spiritual Power has been the origin by its wonderful flexibility and power to Christ, himself, the Power of God and the Wis- become all things to all nations, to rejuvenate, dom of God. and purify and enrich all. Missionary-minded' Christians pause for a moment, we look around History did not end at the cross or with the con- and take up our spiritual armor and battle cry quest of the Roman empire. Someone might have anew: In hoc signo vincemus. "Under this ban- imagined that Christianity had been only one of ner we conquer."

Women's Work in a Country

By MRS. JAMES D. WYKER The Federated Church, North Jackson, Ohio "JUST what is woman's work in the country to church rolls and having contests to increase at- church?" I asked a little lady with snow- tendance. He was not a Presbyterian or a Bap- white hair who has been a life-long member tist or a Methodist seeking to sprinkle or immerse, but a Christian out to reveal God, change life and of one. save individuals. He insisted ona decent society "Why paying the preacher and keeping up the in which religious people might be more religious; He desired that the hungry might be fed. He had church building repairs," she answered. Then no fear and did not hesitate to condemn sin whershe hesitated and added, "And, of course, mission- ever he found it, even the corruption of the politiary giving. Women have always done that. Not cal system of his day. People believed Him not many, but a few of us alway.s send in our appor- only because of words He spoke but because they tionment to the Board." saw a radiant personality on fire with a divine message – a man who lived what He preached. "And for what is the missionary money used?" I inquired again. The country church today has the unique oppor- tunity of carrying on this same simple kind of re- "Preaching the Gospel," came back emphatically. "Saving souls."

I went next to an enthusiastic young minister's wife who, with her husband, has dedicated her ligion, unhampered by big church-building debts, life to the work of the rural church. set forms and ceremonies, large maintenance ex- pense. Because of the unique position of the coun- "What is woman's work in the country church?" try church, rural women have unusual oppor- I asked. tunities.

"Helping her church rethink its reason for In the first place, the farm home continues to existing," came the unhesitating reply, "urging it be something of a unit even in a complex, modern to place life ahead of creeds; showing that its world. There are chores to be done and responfield is THE COMMUNITY and that every unreached sibilities that need to be placed on young shoulperson is a responsibility of the church. All of this-with the belief that sharing the message of ders. The family shares many experiences, even Jesus Christ around the world is a task for the its social life, and the minister of the rural church entire church." ministers to the entire family. Woman's work in the country church is first of all to recognize this In her enthusiasm she had generalized, but as and try to preserve family unity, for it is a real I talked with her later I received specific answers in very definite terms. asset to church life.

As I talk with rural church women today, I find The rural woman in many communities today is many eagerly and earnestly agreeing with this faced with the fact that her children attend a fine, young minister's wife. well-equipped Consolidated School during the week The function of the rural church woman has and, on Sunday, must leave their friends and go (if they go) to a small, competitive, denominachanged today because the program of her church tional church. She realizes that though the docis changing. And is it surprising that her church trines of her church are important and she will program is changing to meet new needs? The probably continue to believe them, the emphasis heart of her work continues the same-the shar- of religion today should be, as in the ministry of ing of the teachings and message of a young, rural Jesus, on life. She realizes that if the rural church evangelist, Jesus Christ; but her method of work is to continue its ministry, Christians must learn is changing as she finds the experience of her children to be different from her own a genera- to work together and in cooperation with other tion ago. character building agencies. Small, competitive The religion of Jesus was very simple. Grow- churches, unable to support a resident minister, ing up in a country home, his school the country- will find it difficult to challenge other cooperating side, the beauty of the out-of-doors keeping him groups in the community and to do much about close to the heavenly Father, He grew to under- the large, unreached number of people within its stand and sympathize keenly with people and their boundaries. problems. Religion to Him was not adding names Another responsibility of the c.ountry woman [425 ]

today is to develop an interest in her church for petuation of the Woman's Missionary Society, as wholesome recreation, especially for young peo- such. They do not seem to care that the men are ple. It is unnecessary for rural youth to drive indifferent to the missionary program of the into the city for commercialized "wreck-reaction" church and that the majority of the children and when the country has so much to offer in recrea- young people are unreached. Again it is organ- tion activities. Rural recreational leaders, arti- ization, rather than life. If only our vision could sans in leading folk games and other forms of co- enlarge to see the whole, to know that most men operative play are being developed. Some rural and children and young people are interested once communities have the satisfaction of seeing their they know! Someone has facetiously said that for young pople interested in worthwhile social life, too long in our church work, men have sung: in which the majority participate, while the public Take my wife and let her be dance halls and the beer gardens move out of the Consecrated, Lord, to Thee.

community. Most of us who have tried to interest our men "Camps for Mothers" are very valuable in many and boys, with the same fervor and intelligence rural communities. It seems unbelievable, but we have used in the women's missionary work, rural mothers are finding they can lay aside for a have found them responsive and interested. Just few days the responsibilities of home and family as the church should see that the religion of Christ and go off for recreation in the out-of-doors. permeates all groups and agencies in the commu- Many farm women discover unusual beauty at nity, so the Woman's Missionary Society should their very doorsteps. The busy, crowded days at see that the cause of missions is enthusiastically home and the fact that the sunrise, the moon, the trees, the stars "have always been there" has shared with all groups. I know a mother, a memkept many of these women from being conscious ber of a Woman's Missionary Society, who comes of these "aids to worship." home from the missionary meetings and usually says, as she sighs, "Well, that's over for another One rural parish in New York state has built its month" and then wonders why her husband and own cabin in a woods and each year the farm . daughter are not interested in missions! mothers look forward to the cherished days of Jesus had a high regard for womanhood. In rest and relaxation. A rural cooperative church the centuries following his death on the Cross, in Ohio has a camp of its own where each year, woman has achieved more freedom and education. along with other age groups, the rural women live I wonder sometimes, as He watches the Marys and together for a few days. These women look for- Marthas of our rural homes today, if He does not ward to the discussion periods each morning fol- wish we would follow Him more intelligently and lowing the nature hike when they consider such give more time and thought to His work. I wontopics as "Family Worship," "Personal and Home der if He watches eagerly for a Mary Magdalene Relationships," and "The Missionary Task of the as He sees us drag about our church work, giving Church." In the afternoon they read, sleep and only left-over time, attending the Ladies' Aid and rest, following the creative craft period, and then the preaching services because we think we go swimming. After the evening meal, they walk should, and giving to missions only after we have over the ravine and climb up Vesper Hill where, paid for new clothes and other things. away from all worry and burdensome responsi- A story is told of an old colored woman sitting bility, they "draw near to God." on the steps of a church during a Woman's Rights If rural women are to have new visions for meeting in Akron, Ohio, in 1851. She listened to work in the country church today, they must take the fiery speeches by the men for quite awhile, de- time from their labors for rebuilding and rethink- nouncing the idea that women should vote, deny- ing. Out in these well-planned camps (where ing her intelligence, etc. Finally, unable to stand there are no meals to cook and no dishes to wash) it any longer, the old woman walked to the front they find their physical bodies relaxing and rest- of the church, pointed her finger at the men and ing while, at the same time, their spiritual life is said, "If de fust woman God ever made turned quickened. Tired mothers go away more radiant, dis world upside down all by herself, dese women happy Christians. If only rural women would all togedder can set it right side up again and you look about them and discover the material avail- men better let 'em do it."

able for use! If only they would insist on having I pause to wonder what the future of the coun-, a minister trained for his task, knowing and lov- try church might be if rural women "all togedder"

ing rural folk, they would find material and re- would consecrate themselves to the building of sources at hand. . the New Rural Church, where Christians would There are many Woman's Missionary Societies put life ahead of dead dogma and where the coun- (and they are not all in the country) that seem tryside might again hear and share the message to believe that the ultimate goal in life is the per- of the rural teacher, J.esus of Nazareth.

Arab Consults a Missionary Doctor*

A Monolog Purporting to Giv~ the Reaction of an Arab Gentleman of Baghdad to the Christian. Message By the REV. JAMES CANTINE, D.D., Stone Ridge, New York One of the Founders of the Arabian Mission of the Reformed Church in America Persons: pital? Well you can go down and, if you see him, Abd el Kadir, a well-to-do Arab. ask him to come up. . . . Wait! Before you go Zarifa, one of his wives, very ill. open this door by my side and stretch a curtain Amina, his daughter, eight or nine years old, attend- across the doorway. Then tell the servants to bring Zarifa in that room and lay her down by ing mission school. the curtain." Ahmed, his son, fifteen or sixteen, attending Govern- (Servant goes out.) ment School of Engineering. Abdullah, his servant, probably of slave descent. The American missionary doctor.

Place: "I take refuge with God from a house full of women! I hope that doctor will not mind being Abd el Kadir's reception room, long and narrow, with asked to give medicine to a woman." (Turning to chairs and little tables down each side. Doors at curtain.) "Ha, Zarifa, now stop that crying! I each end. Just outside the entrance door Abdul- know it hurts, but it is God's will, is it not? Every- lah is stationed with a charcoal fire for keeping thing that happens is written in His book. Listen, the coffee hot. The door at the head of the room I have sent for the American doctor and, if God where Abd el Kadir is seated opens into another wills, he will give you ·some medicine. Only be room. quiet.

When Abdullah is called he enters and crouches down "Ah, here he comes." (Arises, steps forward before his master. The children kiss the hand of and touches the hand of the doctor.) their father and stand until bidden to be seated. "May God make your morning happy, 0 doc- Abd el Kadir is seated, fingering his beads. He listens, frowns and calbs out, "Abdullah !" tor. In the name of God be seated. If it pleases (The servant enters and Abd el Kadir speaks.) God you are well? Praise be to God I am very "Abdullah, what is this screaming about? well. "You say that Zarifa is very sick! Yes, I know. "Do you drink? smoke? No?" (Calls to Abdul- lah.) That slave woman has been here and has cauter- "Abdullah, coffee! …• ized her, has she not? They are paid according "I have had my servant ask you to come in, 0 to the number of burns they make so I suppose doctor, so that you might, if God wills, give medi- they have done a good job. cine to one of my women. It is scarcely worth "But you say that she gets no better, and that while taking your valuable time, but you were the other women object to her cries and say I passing by and- Yes, that is she whom you hear must do something. God deliver me from such moaning behind the curtain. You can ask her evil! What can I do about it? It is all as God any question you wish. She has been sick severa} wills. I could divorce her. That is easy; just to days and they say she is getting worse.

say three times 'I divorce you' . . . "Oh, no! You cannot see her, but I will let you "Yes, I know, her family is important and I feel her pulse. Zarifa, put your hand under the.

cannot send her away sick as she is. curtain. There doctor!

"What is that you say? . . . Why don't I send "Yes, I expect she is very ill.

for the American doctor? What do you know "You say that if you saw her you might help about him? her? But that is quite impossible. From the time "You hear he is clever and you think he has a I took her no man but myself has seen her face.

kindly face. And he passes by the door every "You say that she may die? That is as God morning about this time on his way to his hos- wills…. You are sorry that there is no woman • Copies of this monologue may be secured from The Woman's doctor here, and you hope that sometime you will Board of Foreign MiSSions, Reformed Church in America, 25 East have a woman doctor to work in your hospital?

22d Street, New York, for ten cents a CODY.

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As God wills! . But you can give her medicine "And how is my little daughter today? Sit to keep her quiet, can you not? I will send my servant to the hospital for it. down here on this cushion by your father's side.

"And your fee, 0 doctor? Your lips are cold, Amina, where have you been? "What, no regular fee? You say that I can give what I wish! Very well, I will send it to the hos- "You are just back from school? Tell me about pital by Abdullah. It will not be a very large fee, but if you get enough of them you will one day that school. It is the American school, is it not? be rich, will you not? "What is this you say? You do not keep these Do you like it? fees for yourself, but use them to buy medicines for the very poor! Ah, that is almsgiving. Alms- "You do! Why? .. You like the school begiving is one of the five pillars of our faith as given to us by our prophet Mohammed, upon cause the teacher is so kind? Is that all? whom be prayers and peace! "Pardon me, 0 doctor, but before you go will "You say that she talks so nice about God! you tell me how you live if you take no fees for yourself? We know your government does not What does she say about God? . . . That He pay you as some governments pay their doctors. "What! You say that the Christian people of loves you and that you must be a good girl and try America send you money enough for your expenses, because their religion tells them to help to please Him. And have you learned about the other people? I am surprised! I did not know the Christian religion was like that. holy prophets, Amina? Which one do you like "Just one more question. Will you tell me why you left America and came here? It seems you best? will not get rich in Baghdad; it is not a very healthy climate for foreigners and you are far "The prophet Jesus! And why do you like the away from your friends. "You say that you have come because you love prophet Jesus best? . . . You say because He the prophet Jesus and want to follow His example. . . . And now you want to ask me a question! took little children in his arms and talked so nicely That is only fair. "Do I know about the prophet Jesus? Oh, yes, to them. But has she not taught you about the the Holy Koran tells us that He was without sin and did many miracles like the other prophets. prophet Mohammed, upon whom be prayers and "Yes, there may be more about Him in your book, but you know that the prophet, Mohammed, peace? upon whom be prayerl and peace, is the seal of all the prophets and that is enough for us. "Nq! Well, Amina, I think it is time for you "You wish I would read more about the prophet Jesus? Well, 0 doctor, some time, if God wills it, to go to another school where you can learn all I will look for a book that tells more about him. "Will you be going now? I am obliged to you. about our holy religion of Islam. Go in the safety of God!" "What! You don't want to go! Now don't cry, (As the doctor goes out, Abd el Kadir continues.) my daughter, don't cry. Perhaps I will leave you "That doctor seems a good man and he does awhile longer in the American School. But tell have a kindly face. Perhaps some time I might be interested in knowing more about the prophet me what else you learn besides reading and Jesus. writing. "Abdullah! Did you take Zarifa to her room and shut the door so that her crying will not "Oh! To sew ? You make dresses for little annoy the other women. Here, take five rupees to the hospital and bring back some medicine for her. girls? But that is foolish; your father can buy Wait! Is Amina about the house? Send her in to me." all the clothes you need.

(Enters Amina and kisses her father's hand.) "You say that they are not for yourself, but for the poor little girls in the school who do not have good dresses! Well! Well! You can go now, 0 my daughter, go and play." (He soliloquizes.) "Now what shall I do? There is nothing to which I can object, but I am afraid of that Chris- tian school. But that reminds me!" (He calls.) "Abdullah! Tell Ahmed that his father wants to see him." (Ahmed enters and stands before his father.) "Ahmed, I am much displeased with you. Some- one saw you going into the house of the American preacher. Is that right? So? Sit down. How did you come to know him?

"He gave a lecture in your school about sanita- tion in America, did he? What does he know about sanitation?

"Oh, he was an engineer before he was a preacher, was he? Well, all that is the business of your principal. But why did you go to his house? _ "You say that he asked the boys to come and'

see some pictures he had brought from America?

Pictures? Why, Ahmed. Now I a.m angry! You know I have forbidden you to go and see those dreadful, disgraceful American pictures!

"But these were not cinema pictures? What then?

AN ARAB CONSULTS A MISSIONARY DOCTOR

"Pictures of bridges and public buildings in that knows me see you buy it. I would be dis- America and England and Russia 1 God curse the graced if it were known that I wanted a Christian Russians, they make it very hard for a good Mos- book. Be careful about that.

lem to live in Russia. But did he say anything "What 1 You have such a book. What does this about religion? . .. He did 1 What? mean? You a MOi>lem and my servant, having "That there is freedom for all religions in such a book 1 How did you get it?

America 1 But, Ahmed, you don't want to know "You say that you were going past a shop and about any other religion than Islam. . . . You you heard someone reading out of a little book do? Why? about the prophet Jesus, and it seemed such good "You will not feel educated -like the boys in words that you bought it.

other countries-unless you know about other re- "You have it here? Give it to me at once so ligions? (Abd el Kadirshakes his head in dis- that I can tear it up." (Abdullah takes a little sent.) And did he say anything about his reli- Gospel from unde~ his garment and gives it to his gion? master.) "So he talked about the prophet Jesus and His "Go away I" (Abdullah leave'S the room.) teaching 1 Well, you have heard enough about "Shall I tear it up? But it may have the name that, ·so do not go again. . . . But you want to of God written in it and I cannot harm that Holy go next Sunday with the other boys? What boys? Name. And this may be the book I wanted to "Well, if the judge and those other men let their buy. . . . I shall just see how it begins. (Turns sons go, I suppose I ought not to object. What is to the beginning-it would be the end of the book he going to talk about? to us-and reads.) 'In the beginning was the "Oh, yes 1 I did see a notice of it in the paper. Word.' The Word? Why that is the name the It says he is giving a series of lectures on the Holy Koran gives to the prophet Jesus. Can there prophet Jesus-His Teaching about Personal Hab- be truth in this book? . . .

its, and Family Life, and Government. Now see "Shall I see what is marked? (Turns pages and here, Ahmed, you go next Sunday and then come reads.) 'I am the way and the truth and the and tell me all about it so that I can correct what life.' The Way? Why we pray five times a day is wrong. . . . That is all, 0 my son I" (Ahmed and ask Allah to 'Lead us in the "right way.'" kisses his father'lS hand and retires, being careful Here is someone who says, 'I am the Way.' Who not to turn his back upon his father.) could say that (reads) 'Jesus Said.' I don't under- "Now, what shall I do about these, my children? stand. He is a holy prophet, but how could he Amina-it would break her heart if now I took say that He is the way to God? . . .

her away from the American School. And then "I will read in just one more place. (Turns I am told that she is a much better girl at home pages and reads.) 'Because I live ye shall live than she used to be-more obedient, kinder and also.' Did Jesus say that? Yes? Strange 1 Of does not use bad words. Shall I send her to an- all the prophets Jesus is the only one our Holy other school and have her become a good Moslem, Koran says did not die, but is now alive in heaven. or shall I let her remain where she is and have Can this be the ground for His saying that those her grow up to be a good woman? who believe in Him shall be with Him in paradise?

"And Ahmed 1 It seems that the young men of "What book is this? Why have I never seen it today want to see all things and decide for them- before? Is this the book I half promised the doc- selves; and they cannot be ruled as I was ruled tor I would read some day? Will it tell me about by my father. It will be better if I try to guide the Jesus that my little daughter loves? Are there Ahmed away from these Christian influences. here the teachings of Jesus that my son wants to Perhaps I ought, myself, to know more about the know about? Shall I, dare I, read it from begin- prophet Jesus. That doctor wants me to know ning to end?

more about His teaching. And I would like to "Surely I am a Moslem. (Recites the creed.) know why my little daughter loves Jesus more 'There is no God but God, and Mohammed is the than she loves Mohammed, upon whom be prayers prophet of God.' But Jesus is our prophet also.

and peace. If I find out the falseness of the teach- Who can forbid me knowing all I can about him?

ing of Jesus then I can correct Ahmed's wrong "If the story of Jesus can make a man like the impressions. doctor come out here just to follow His example; "But where can I get a book about the prophet if this story makes my little daughter love Jesus Jesus? I will ask Abdullah. whom she has never seen; and if it makes my son "Abdullah 1 Abdullah, is there a bookshop in want to know about His teaching, then I ought to the city where they sell books about the prophet read it. (Puts the book reverently on the table.) Jesus? . . . There is 1 Well, I want you to go And if here is the 'straight path' we pray that and buy me such a book. But don't let anyone we may follow, dare I walk therein? God Knows."

Unchanging Missionary

A Challenge and Appeal of Fifty Years Ago* By ARTHUR T. PIERSON Editor-in-Chief of the "Review" for Twenty-three Years. This Year Is the Centenary of His Birth THE argument and the appeal in behalf of These providential signals, and these gracious missions are unsurpassed for variety and signs, being once truly recognized and realized, cogency. . . . The very watchword of the make duty a delight; the work of missions be- Christian life is obedience, and our great Captain comes no longer the cold necessity of obedience, has left us His marching orders: "Go ye into all but the most inspiring, enrapturing privilege.

the world and preach the Gospel to every crea- Only some such exalted conception of this last ture." Such a plain command makes all other commission, and of the supreme blessedness of a motives comparatively unnecessary. . . . Where loving fidelity to our stewardship in the Gospel, there has been given a clear, divine word of au- can lift the Church of God to a higher plane of thority, immediate, implicit submission and com- praying and giving. Better than the conscience pliance will be yielded by every loyal, loving dis- that drives, is the love that draws to the work of ciple. Even to hesitate, for the sake of asking a missions. Once brought to the white-heat of pas- reason, savors of the essence of rebellion. sion for souls, we are henceforth "weary with When our great Commander left us this last forbearing and cannot stay" in apathetic idleness precept, however, He annexed to it a most inspir- and silence; the inward fire must have vent. It ing promise: "Lo, I am with you alway, even unto is no longer hard to give, but hard to withhold; the end of the world." That promise has been and, better than the most princely gifts of money, conspicuously and marvellously fulfilled in con- we shall give ourselves "a living sacrifice." . . .

nection with missions; for Christ has been with One startling and comprehensive fact should us, both by His providence and by His grace. The be clearly kept before us-that all the stupendous argument and appeal, found in this providential movements and changes which we have to record, and gracious Presence, have not been properly or refer to, have taken place within less than a considered and appreciated. . . . century! . . . Within the nineteenth century what The providence of God is especially apparent in astounding changes have taken place! That bugle- missions, in the opening of doors, great and effec- call of William Carey has rallied all Christendom.

tual; in the removal or subsidence of barriers; God has opened the two-leaved gates, until the in the preparation of the field and the workmen; last of the hermit nations unbars the doors of ex- in the provision and protection of the la:borers; clusion and seclusion and welcomes to her ports and in the revealing and unfolding to the Church the messenger of Christ. Even the most enthu- of His set times, seasons, and measures for secur- siastic student of missions fails to apprehend and ing new advance and success. Such divine provi- appreciate the grandeur of such colossal move- dence becomes to God's people a glorious and in- ments. Wonderful, indeed, that a hundred open spiring signal both that He is always with them, doors, great and effectual, God should set before and that His pleasure shall prosper in their hands. His Church; but more wonderful the ways in The grace of God appears in missions, espe- which, by keys of His own, He has unlocked the cially in working mighty results and effects, such gates of hermit nations. When, in 1793, William as are plainly attributable only to the Divine Carey, that pious, learned cobbler, went forth as Spirit. These results are wrought not only in in- the first foreign missionary from English shores, dividuals, but sometimes in whole communities; the whole world was comparatively locked against there are some transformations that deserve to missionary enterprise; there was scarce one real be called transfigurations. In the workmen, also, opening into pagan, papal, or Moslem lands to whose consecration to such heroic labors develops preach the Gospel in its purity, or win converts, in them an exalted type of piety, and even in those without molestation and persecution both to the.

who earnestly pray and liberally give for the sup- missionary and the convert. Now the whole aspect port of the work, similar unmistakable fruits of of the world is changed, and there is scarce one this grace appear and abound. . . . closed door, or community where the preacher may not go with the open Bible, or where the convert • From the first chapter of "The Crisis of Missions," published may not, in publicly confessing allegiance to Jesus, In 1886, a great volume that aroused the Church to the claims of Foreign Missions. claim the protection of law.

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I Effective Ways of Working 'Tested Methods for Increasing Interest at Home EDITED BY MRS. ESTELLA S. AITCHISON, GRANVILLE, OHIO ~~i==========================~ Shall We Study "The Church ing in towns and villages, un- moving pictures that are so ef- in Rural America"? duly small memberships (aver- fective in the assembly periods age of less than 100, with annual of mission study schools-all of There is a tendency in some per capita expenditure of $13.27 which indicates the trend toward as against $21.50 in cities), in- activating study rather than letquarters to answer in the nega- adequate ministry as to training, ting it pause with "information nonsupport, inability to give full- and inspiration"-which tend to tive in view of the absence of the time service, etc., lack of trained be static. lay leadership, denominational picturesque and dramatic in the competition and overlapping, BAPTIST BOARD OF MISSIONARY EDUtheme, and the apparent diffi- etc. Topping all these is a psy- chological difficulty in getting CATION, 152 MADISON AVE., NEW culty in concreting it sufficiently new standards and a broader outlook, with an unchanged in- YORK: for the younger folk. But no stitution in a changing world. reader of THE REVIEW can fail, Our best endeavors are called for Beginners- in "creating a new moral and after noting the contents of its spiritual top soil for Rural Handwork, visualizations, stories: June issue, to see that nothing America." "The Singing Farmer," 68 cents; of more practical nature or im- "The Friendly Farmers" – projmediate urgency has been offered From r e c e n t' contributions ects and activities included, 50 by the Central Committee for submitted by various denomina- cents; "Farm Life Panel Postour consideration if we are to tional boards of missionary edu- ers" – four brown sepia panels, give the 31,000,000 and more cation, the following materials 12×36 in., with colored cut-outs people (half the entire popula- are cited because they are good to be pasted on, 50 cents. (Order tion) who are tilling God's Gar- in quality and of a sufficiently these from The American Baptist den their opportunity for "the universal character to be used Publication Society, 1701 Chestabundant life." Nor does this with little adaptation by mem- nut St., Philadelphia, Pa.) ; concern dwellers in country and bers of any communion. No one "Farmers in Many Lands"-picsmall towns alone. It is our com- denomination can hope to be ture sheet of 12 pictures, four on mon problem in view of our in- sufficient for even a fraction of American rural life, from which terdependence and the complex the task. And it is only by picture books may be made as situation created by the two mi- friendly borrowings that we can handwork, 25 cents; "Rural Life grations – the exodus of farm- hope to attain all-round effi- Through Teaching Pictures" – 8 bred youths toward the city and ciency. Along with specifically pictures llx15 in., 50 cents. the recent reverse trend caused denominational offerings will be by economic conditions – this found materials from neutral Primarylatter throwing the responsibil- sources, belonging in the units ity for the early training of a merely because they have been Handwork and visualizations the large proportion of our citizen- selected and fitted in by the sev- iJame as for Beginners. Stories: ship upon country homes and eral missionary education boards "The World on a Farm" – illuschurches. The rural world is as best shaping up to their stand- trated narratives, 25 c en t s; confronted by new problems and ards for graded Sunday school aggravated old ones in which we and age-group study. These di- * "Over the Hills and Far Away" all have a common stake. The rect transcripts from the lists economic ones are at the very submitted save space otherwise -series of graded home mission storm center of our national life to be consumed in separate cita- stories, 15 cents. -child labor, the sharecropper tions of publishers, etc. Attensituation, inadequate educational tion is especially directed to the Juniorsfacilities, reforestation and wealth of devices for visualizaplowing of submarginal lands, tions and activations, particu- Handwork, projects and activisoil conservation, collapse of cot- larly to the stereopticon and ties: "Out in the Country," 50 ton tenancy, wage-and-time ad- cents; "Farm Life Panel Postjustments, racial antagonisms [431 ] ers" as listed above; "Picture and a score of others. The reli- Map of the U. S."-art map 30×50 gious ones are even more vexing in. with 18 sketches to be colored and far-reaching – over-church- and pasted on, 50 cents; "Rural Life Teaching Pictures" as pre- viously listed.

Stories: * "Friendship Tales from Far and Near Trails," 15 cents.

Intermediate and Young People- Handwork, etc.: Several of the sets listed above; "Willson's Gummed Paper Letters and Fig- ures"-27 sizes and styles – free from The Tablet and Ticket Co., 115 E. 23d St., N. Y.; "Velox

Transparent Water Color Stamps" and his sharecropper tenant; study abounds in fine story material; the -perforated stamps of 12 colors, of local rural schools; inquiry of four "ranges" rounding up the sub- to be dissolved in water, with librarians as to type of books avail- ject in the closing meeting in a way four brushes and instructions, able and expense thereof; steps to to incite to action. "The Migrant Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, supplement this by making more Map" is another program of a most N. Y., $1.00. Stories: "The Ad- reading matter available; study of practical character, fitting in with ventures of Mr. Friend," 25 cents; cooperative marketing with view to the general home mission theme. its establishment in the community; Outline, 20 cents. * "The Church of the Country- demonstration of social and cultural work in drama, art, music or recrea- The women's group offers as a three side" -10 graded home mission tion and investigation as to facili- months' inset to their booklet on stories, 15 cents. ties for these among your rural citi- "Journeys," a set of outstanding zens; s p e cia 1 investigation of programs on "Journeys Along Rural Visualizations: S t ere 0 p tic 0 n churches in the vicinity as to pas- Roads," in which full directions are slides with coordinated lectures- tors, salaries, equipment, Sunday given for a panel discussion, an "The Little White Church on the schools, type of service most needed; original chart study on "Forward Hill"; "On Lonely Trails with organization of local groups for co- Together for Better Service," and Colporter Missionaries"; "The operation in the Peace Movement. "Journeys Toward the New Day"- Colporter Country," $2.00 each impersonations of the seven groups and carriage both ways. PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF NATIONAL of rural folk listed in the textbook. MISSIONS, CENTRAL DISTRIBUTING While the program booklet inclusive WOMEN'S MISSIONARY SOCIETY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE MIS S ION of the foregoing contains much UNITED LUTHERAN CHURCH, 723 BOARDS, 156 FIFTH AVE., NEW other cleverly conceived program MUHLENBERG B LD G., PHILADEL- YORK: matter, it is all of such a nature PHIA, PA.: that its form and manner of pres- Adult course on "Rebuilding Rural entation are universal and usable "Teaching Pictures on Rural Life America," 25 cents; study book of by folk of any communion. Price, Around the World" – 8 large pic- that name, 60 cents and $1. 50 cents. tures of country folk of different lands, 50 cents; plays-"The Call Young People's and Senior's unit "Early Missionary Journeys" is a of the Hills," 5 cents; "At Devil's on "Highland Heritage"-breaking separate booklet containing a full Nose" (mountain m iss ion a r y down of isolation in Appalachian year's devotional studies in complete sketch), 15 cents; stories – "Ra- Life, 25 cents; book, 60 cents and outline. Price, 15 cents. channy of the Southern Mountains," $1. "Rosann," "Spunk," "Jest Gals," 2 A number of worthful sugges- cents each or 6 for 5 cents. Intermediate unit by Grace Mc- tions for programs on "Rural Gavran, 35 cents. America"-inclusive of a special THE UNITED CHRISTIAN MISSIONARY article on junior work, by Annye SOCIETY, MISSIONS BLDG., 222 Stereopticon slides and lecture on Allison – as well as excerpts DOWNEY A VE., INDIANAPOLIS, Rural Life – "The Book and the from summer conferences at- IND.: Plough," 30 slides; rentai, $1.00 tended by the Department Edi- plus two-way. postage. tor, have to be held over for lack A very complete study packet of of space and will appear as soon leaflets covering "Dwellers in the Moving pictures (16mm., 2 reels), as possible in a later issue. Ad- Countryside," 50 cents. "Hearthstones and Al tar s" -life ditional methods material suit- story of typical rural family; "Mid able for pastors, men's groups This includes instructions to pro- Purple Mountain Majesties" -fol- and children's organizations is gram committees, a "Calendar of lows a boy from his mountain com- especially solicited. Send direct Service"; "Things We Can Do" at munity. $2.00 per reel and two- to this department instead of the the successive meetings to translate way carriage for each of the fore- Magazine headquarters, to avoid them into life; a large variety of going. delay and extra postage. subject matter for the talks, papers, etc.; good dramatic sketches on Order from Distributing Depart- For older people, this topic "The Farmer's Wife," "Bringing ment in N. Y., or 8 So. Dearborn lends itself wonderfully to panel College to the Farmer," "Weari- St., Chicago, or 234 McAlister St., discussions, round tables or pro- ness," "They Went to Bethlehem"; San Francisco, Calif., according to gram conferences. For instance, a special Christmas program com- your location. make up the entire program ex- plete; a panel discussion for four cept for appropriate music inter- women on "Influences that Make for THE WOMAN'S HOME MISSION SOCIETY spersed, from the June number Peace or War"; a program on OF THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL of THE REVIEW, the leader im- "Blessed Are the Peacemakers"; CHURCH, 420 PLUM ST., CINCIN- pressing the importance of the and well-constructed studies on NATI, OHIO. LITERATURE DEPART- topic by using points from the these phases of the rural problem: MENT: editorial, "Rural America for Educational- "Sing B e h i n d the Christ," and being promptly sec- Plow"; "Bina Holben-Sharecrop- The Methodist women have clever onded and supported by another per"; "Pietro Lopez – Mexican"; series of programs worked out for participant summarizing "The, "M r s. W a 1ton – Mountaineer"; their girls (Queen Esthers) under Challenge of the Rural Commu- "Max Smith-Miner"; "Sarak Pe- the figure of "Building the Map of nity." On this background let toskey-Migrant"; "Susan Kepple U. S.," and for the women on the successive speakers, by prear- -Farm Woman"; "The Nat ion picturesque theme of "Modern Mis- ranged plan but with appearance Helps the Farmer" – a parable of sionary Journeys," an adequate ap- of spontaneity and in conversa- American rural life in Oklahoma; preciation of which will appear in tional style as if talking among "Social Influences Yesterday and a later issue, as only the rural themselves, give brief talks of Today"-a social science study. theme studies can be noted at this time. Among the workable suggestions listed are: An original study of For three months the girls study child labor statistics and condi- "Highland Heritage," with unique tions; a demonstration of the set- visualizations, a meeting in the form tlement between a plantation owner of the recitation of the geography class, "Head Range" and "Heart • The three sets of graded primary, junior Range" being considered; "Hand and intermediate stories listed above at 15 Range" and "Health Range" being cents each sell collectively at 35 cents. added in the following meeting that

EFFECTIVE WAYS OF WORKING

not over five minutes each, selec- lines on "Discipleship" being for byterian Board of National Mistions of topics to be made from worship services and the remain- sions, 156 Fifth Ave., New the excellent articles following, ing six for worship and study York. ending with pointed presenta- combined. Their object is "to tion of things the group or their seek to make women conscious "If I Be His Disciple-How church can do. This is very im- of their responsibility as Chris- Shall I Follow Jesus Today" is portant. tian citizens for the solution of the title of a booklet prepared over a year ago by the Spiritual A more dramatic and impres- the social and economic problems Life Committee of the Presbysive program might be arranged of present-day society." terian Mission Boards. It confrom the same number by hav- sists of a ten-cent leader's ing a congress or conference of "In times like these the forces pamphlet and a set of leaflets persons impersonating-with or of religion should be exerting corresponding to the successive without costumes – the r u r a I topics and intended for use in pastor, the farmer's wife, the themselves to create a condition the audience. The subjects are: sharecropper, the case worker, out of which right motives for the colporter, etc. Again, close leadership can be generated. I Will Learn What the Bible Says to with practical planning, and a . . . There is only one motive Me devotional service of consecra- adequate to solve the problems tion to the task. Either one of and heal the ills of our stricken I Will Learn to Meditate these plans will make a most ef- civilization. That motive is the I Will Learn to Pray fective prayer meeting or eve- motive of the good neighbor. It I Will Learn to Serve ning service for the church at is clearly the business of religion I Will Learn to Share large, the meeting eventuating I Will Test My Life by Christ in organized activity. Time the to create mental and moral attiparts or the theme will be tudes to support and sustain and The leaflets sell for ten cents "talked to death." vitalize, as well as to call out per set. that motive. If religion does not Devotional Material call that motive into being, it A companion booklet recently will not come into being." (From issued is called, "If I Be His Dis- "In the beginning God created "Who Is My Neighbor?" by ciple I Will Grow." The topics . . . the earth. . . . And the are: Lord God formed man out of the Walter H. North.) dust of the earth and breathed I Will Grow into His Likeness into his nostrils the breath of The devotional outlines are on I Will Grow in Reflecting His Spirit life; and man became a living "God at Work in His Universe," soul. . . . And the Lord God "Great and Mighty. Things," Every Day planted a garden eastward in I Will Grow in Meeting Life's Crises Eden; and there He put the "Christ's Point of View" and I Will Grow More Sensitive to Human man whom He had formed. And "For Such a Time as This." out of the ground the Lord God The subjects of the programs Need made to grow every tree that is I Will Grow in Using My Life for pleasant to the sight and good for full meetings are: "We Look for food." God created an earth, at the Present Social Order," Him a man and a garden. The earth "The Bible and Social Values," was of basic importance then "The Christian Approach to So- This booklet also costs ten and must ever be. (From leaflet cial Problems," "The Church in cents, and the corresponding of the United Christian Mission- Action in National Missions," leaflets two cents each. These ary Society.) are invaluable helps for devo- "A Christian World Order" and tional leaders, giving Scripture, A service on this keynote may "A Plan for Social Education subject matter, prayers, ques~ well start the study of "Rural and Action in Your Commu- tions for meditation, material America," following later with nity." Only one of these-that for the group's use, hymns, devotionals keyed to Christ's na- poems and prayer suggestions ture parables – "The Sower," on National Missions-has any for the ensuing week. Suitable "The Tares," etc. denominational flair. The others for any young people's or adult will apply equally well among all group, or for prayer meetings. "Worship Services" based on evangelical groups. The Scrip- "Lord, Teach Us to Pray" may A VISTA IN JAPAN be had from the Presbyterians tural foundations are well laid, for five cents each. the citations to live, present-day books are excellent and the Under the title "C h u r c h theme studies worked out in a Women and a Christian World scholarly- though simple-way Community," a series of ten to challenge interest and thought programs has been i.ssued for in any intelligent group. In this use in any organized group of church women, the four first out- year when standard study themes include "The Church in Rural America," "World Peace" and "The Missionary Motive and Imperative," and when panel discussions are in the lead in presenting subject matter, the outlines are most timely. The price is 10 cents, at The Pres- The Council of Women for Home Missions EDITH E. LOWRY, EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, 105 EAST TWENTY-SECOND STREET, NEW YORK Committee – the Quaker organ- ization which has carried on re- lief and reconstruction work both abroad and at home-dur- ing and following the World War in several European coun- tries and more recently in the coal areas of the United States.

This Committee is again trying to save life while others destroy.

The work for children in Spain is strictly non-partisan and is approved by the Federal Coun- cil of Churches and by the Red Cross.

We quote from the special bul- letin on Spain issued at intervals by the A. F. S. C.

"There may be defeats today – victories tomorrow for the armies. For the hungry people there is little hope that anything can happen to repair their ruined homes or restock their devastated farms." "Out of the confusion and debatable issues of the war, arise certain uncon- trovertible facts. Authorities agree, for instance, that as long aQ"o as last February there were more than a million refugees in Loyalist territory. The Loyalist government then reported that 250,000 children were in refugee colonies. More r e c e n t 1y, a Quaker relief worker in Madrid World Wide Photos, Inc. stated that there were 116,000 Thou Shall Not be Afraid "We have not fully caught the children still in that city under mind of Christ until we realize 14 years of age, badly under- "Thou shall not be afraid for that the Kingdom of God on nourished and unable to be evacthe terror by night, nor for the earth is the cooperative task of uated for lack of places to put arrow that Rieth by day." God and men working together." them. The safer municipalities (Psalm 91: 5.) throughout Loyalist Spain are "Faith is the diametrical op- now so congested with refugees "God hath not given us a spir- posite of fear and the supreme that they are forced to refuse it of fear, but of love, and of cure for fear is faith." additional numbers except when power, and of discipline." (2 the food is guaranteed by out- Timothy 1: 7.) RUFUS JONES.

"Fear is the greatest single Spain Opens Door for Friendly- side agencies." "The A. F. S. C. hindrance to the advance of civ- has become a recognized im-· ilization today." Service partial channel for relief of the "We should leap forward to a new type of civilization and be (An opportunity to show the spirit Spanish people regardless of able to avert world disaster, if men were not chained to a dead of goodwill in a country clouded by where they may be—":"in Loyalist past by their fears." war.) or Nationalist territory." "All Doubtless our readers know shipments of goods or contribu- of the American Friends Service tions of money will be used [434 ]

BULLETIN OF THE COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS

strictly for the purposes desig- all over Spain and that is simple National Peace Conference Ma- nated by the donors . . . ." playthings for children such as terials "The refugees arrive in such balls and blocks and things that The National Peace Confer- terrible condition that their rags are not easily destroyed." ence publishes, through its Pubhave to be stripped off of them lic Affairs Committee, a series and burned. Children can be The need for playthings will of pamphlets on subjects conmade to smile by a bright col- be at least partly filled when the nected with world problems ored jumper or a pair of shoes." children of America send their which affect international rela- "Next to the full maintenance of suitcases to the refugee children. tions and peace, and which are the colonies, help with the food Detailed information on this of great value to those who wish supply is the most important project may be secured by writ- brief expositions on topics of imthing that can be done for refu- ing to the Committee on World mediate interest. The latest gee children; a problem every Friendship Among Children, 297 pamphlet is entitled "Colonies, day more acute. Shipments for Fourth Avenue, New York City. Trade and Prosperity," and is a this purpose come in duty free." Those who desire to contribute simple and condensed study of "One's first impression of the clothing or cash for food should the economic approach to the refugee situation is of terrible send it to the American Friends peace question. This pamphlet chaos and misery. The first day Service Committee, 20 South is excellent and very readable, in Murcia I went to the Pablo 12th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. and will be very valuable in con- Inglesias – a huge b u i I din g (In either case kindly mention nection with the campaign on economics and peace which is to where 4,000 are housed. The THE MISSIONARY REVIEW OF be launched next fall by the Nabuilding is in reality an unfin- tional Peace Conference, and THE WORLD.) about which you will hear more ished block of flats about nine in detail in the fall. stories high. The floors have Materials on Peace Education not yet been divided into rooms, A packet of helps. for this and form vast corridors, swarm- Marathons pamphlet is being prepared and ing with men, wom(in and chil- will be ready for use in the fall. The subjects for the Marathon These National Peace Conferdren of all ages. There is no Round Tables for 1937-1938 are ence pamphlets sell for 35c each, furniture of any sort – only now at hand. There are two but can be ordered in quantity at Marathons this year-Plan A: a reduced rate. For further instraw mattresses. It must be Preparatory Marathon on the formation write to the National remembered that many of the subject "The U. S. and the Peace Conference, 8 West 40th World"; and Plan B: Advanced St., New York City. refugees have been in this build- Marathon under the title: "Adeing for two months. Nearly all quate National Defense. What World Day of Prayer in come from Malaga, and look is it?" Send to the National indescribably poor, dirty and Committee on the Cause and a Rural Village Cure of War, 1622 Grand Cenwretched. The municipality tral Terminal Building, New One step toward cooperation which complains of being one York, for copies of this folder in the work of the church has million pesetas in debt for its for distribution at fall meetings. come through the World Day of Let us try to have a large num- Prayer. Mrs. – – of – – sent refugees can afford to give only ber of Marathons among wom- in to the Council office $2.92, the one meal a day to this house, en in church groups during the offering from the observance of with the addition of a little milk coming year. to the children in the morning. The noise was terrific, babies New Headline Book crying, boys rushing madly from floor to floor, women shouting to them. A woman came up cry- ing bitterly, saying that she had The new Foreign Policy Asso- the World Day of Prayer. Her lost her two smallest children in ciation Headline Book: "Billions husband is pastor of a small the confusion of the flight and for Defense," is another study rural parish and this year for didn't know whether they were course on national defense. More the first time she inaugurated alive or dead. There is nothing popular in its plan than the ad- the World Day of Prayer in her for the children to do. Many vanced Marathon on the same country community. She said children begged us to take them subject, it is valuable for those the nearest church was 13 miles away to colonies or somewhere who desire an e Ie men tar y away. She contacted 13 differ- " course. It could be followed by ent churches over a wide area, Esther Farquhar, Quaker re- the Advanced Marathon if a they had four denominations lief worker in Spain, reports: group wished to pursue the sub- represented at their service, and "The conditions at Murcia are ject further. The kit of mate- there were 42 women present frightful. The infant mortality rials which is furnished for this which was "an excellent number has been as high as fifty per book is planned for a series of for this community. We found cent." Her work is largely with four meetings. Price of the the service extremely devotional infants. She has established a book: board cover, 35c; paper and I felt the women really clinic which she calls "a Drop cover, 25c. Discussion kit, 15c. prayed. Twenty – five of the of Milk." "There is one thing Foreign Policy Association, 8 group participated actively in that I have noticed the lack of West 40th St., New York City. one way or another."

World~wide

A Missionary Newspaper of Current Events EDITED BY MRS. HENRIETTA H. FERGUSON, XENIA, OHIO 1.

~===============================~ JAPAN-CHOSEN In the minds of the average Jap- aminations at the John D. Wells anese, Christianity is still as- Christian Accord associated with Western civili- School, Seoul, Chosen. Some zation. Nevertheless, what has failed; some lost out on the The National Christian Coun- been called "disembodied Chris- physical examination; and some cils of Japan and China have re- tianity" (Christian ideals and couldn't stand up under the scrucently taken definite steps in an standards observed by those who tiny of their former school receffort to bring about a closer re- are not actual church members) ords. From 13 different .provlation between the two organiza- is a strong force in Japan. This tions and between the Christians is evidenced by the facts that inces, the successful boys rated of the two nations. Both Coun- courses in Bible and Christian B or above in every subject, had cils are eager for closer rela- history are offered in some non- goo d personal records, and tions in order to understand Christian universities; that the showed much promise. About each other and build a bond of Bible and the Union Christian Christian brotherhood between Hymnal have a wide circulation half came from Christian famthe two peoples. Recent events among non-Christians; and that in North China, however, are social work, formerly a monop- ilies. bringing about further separa- oly of Christians, is now con- A 20th century note is seen in tion, at least in external rela- ducted by many other agencies. tionships. the fact that very few people -Monday Morning. The nation-wide United Evan- looked at the bulletin board in gelistic Movement is quietly go- Memorial to Dr. Uemura front of the school to read the ing forward in Japan. In addi- list of successful applicants, the reason was that almost every one had heard the names over the radio.

-Monday Morning.

tion to a program of evangelism, The Japan Theological Semi- ISLANDS OF THE PACIFIC bands of evangelists are being n a r y (Presbyterian-Reformed organized for work among the Church) has recently dedicated Strange Island of New Guinea churches, youth is being trained a new recitation hall in memory for Christ, and lay leadership of Rev. M. Uemura, outstanding Rev. R. R. Hanselmann went and stewardship are advocated. Japanese Christian who died ten to New Guinea in 1926 as a mis- Arrangements have been made years ago. This Seminary is the sionary under the American Luto send out ten evangelistic official school of the Church of theran Church. While at home teams to conduct meetings and Christ in Japan. It was estab- on furlough he has given nearly hold conferences in eight prov- lished in 1930 by a union of the 800 lectures about his experiinces. Other provinces will be theological department of Meiji ences in this island of headworked later. Gakuin and a seminary in Tokyo hunters and tree-dwellers. established by Dr. Uemura. With "Disembodied Christianity" the exception of one small semi- New Guinea is the second nary in Kobe, all theological edu- largest island in the world and According to latest figures, cation of the Church of Christ in is shaped like a monstrous bird. the Church of Christ in Japan is Japan is now out of the hands of If the southeastern point were made up of about 340 churches. the missions, and directly under placed on the tip of the Florida Slightly more than half of these the management of the Japanese peninsula the northwestern point are entirely self-supporting, Church. would reach to Colorado. Vegewhile others receive aid either tation of unsurpassed luxuriance from the mission or from the This Church has been cele- covers nearly the entire island. self-supporting churches. A typ- brating its 50th meeting of Syn- Among the light and dark green ical church is a city organization od with a series of evangelistic foliage are incessant flashes of with a membership of 123, and a meetings. gorgeously colored birds, and Sunday school of 71 with an surpassing all in beauty is the average of five teachers. Up -Presbyterian Banner. Bird of Paradise. A constant until 1930, membership was stream of scientists and museum rapidly increasing, but since Applicants for Wells School collectors arrive in New Guinea then, owing in some degree to in quest of biological s·pecimens. the intensified feeling of nation- There was room for only 106 alism, the rate has slowed down. new boys out of the 844 appli- Lately discovered mineral re- cants who had paid the registra- sources have brought white men tion fee to take the entrance ex- in hordes. Beneficent govern- [436 ] ment penetration and mISSIOn church membership by about cies of the Church, and he used organizations have b r 0 ugh t 4,000, but the results of Chris- his privilege with good sense about prophylactic measures, tian education carried on over a and definite loyalty to Christian making the life of Europeans long period of years can now be teaching. It was voted to make reasonably safe. Six hundred seen in the annual increase in the conference an annual event. plantations are under European the Christian population. control, cultivating cocoanuts, -The Living Church. The British Government consugar~ane,rubber,kapok,coffee tributed over $360,000 toward NORTH AMERICA these mission schools in 1936. Of and cocoa. Gold-mining is one the 18,000 children enrolled in Church Membership Gains of the chief industries. The various types of school, one in aerial transport has developed four is a Christian and of the Religious bodies of the United into the largest freight carrying 6,000 in g ran t-i n-a i d boys' States, as a whole, are growing, air service in the world. schools, one in six is a member according to statistics gathered of the Church. As a result of this by the late Dr. George Linn The natives as a whole are less mission policy, and government Kieffer. ill-natured than popular accounts sympathy and aid, a Church of imply. Their aversion to bath- educated persons is being built In 1936, the total membership ing is one of their most marked in Malaysia. of all religious bodies in the characteristics. To Christianize United States reached 63,493,- such a people usually requires -Christian Century. 036, as compared with 62,655,- from fifteen to eighteen years 632 in the previous year. This from the time contact is estab- Thankful for Leprosy! represents a gain in membership lished with a wild tribe until the for the year of 837,404. tribe is ready for baptism. The Leprosy is the last thing for life of the native Christian mis- which most people would be The Baptists continue to lead sionary, stationed in out-lying thankful, yet at the watch night all other Protestant bodies with districts, is so convincing to the service at Culion Leper Colony a total increase for the year of heathen people that slowly they the following testimony was 140,308. The Reformed Churchlay aside their former mode of given: "I thank God Almighty es, not a large denomination in sinful living. The race has a fu- for having made me a leper be- comparison with the Baptists ture. Various mission agencies cause in this place I have found and Methodists, come second, in New Guinea have a staff total- my Lord and my Redeemer. I with a gain of 81,958. The Luing over 500 white workers. had tried to find joy, peace, and therans, with 43,905, are third, contentment from what the and the Methodists fourth with -The Bond. world had to offer, but all ended a membership gain of 41,798. in bitter disappointment. In Other notable increases were Dyak Christians Jesus I have found my salvation made by the Unitarians, with and real contentment." 38,026; the Protestant Episco- During the past six years, palians, with 21,193; the Evanabout 12,000 Dyaks have been Igorot Young People's gelicals, with 9,390; the Presbybaptized as Christians. Thi~ terians, with 6,507; the Nazarepresents four distinct fields; Conference renes, with 5,867; the Advent- East Bornea, the districts of Ma- ists, with 5,435; the Mennonites, hakam, Boelongan and Sesajap, The first Young People's. Con- with 4,101; the International and West Borneo, the district of ference of the Philippine Epis- Church of the Foursquare Gos- Kapoeas. The Dyaks, though copal Mission went beyond the pel, with 5,225; the Moravians, uncivilized and uneducated, are most optimistic expectations in with 1,624; and the United by no means stupid. They gen- its attendance of 100 young men Brethren, with 1,073. erally learn readily, and have re- and women, most of them Igotentive memories. There is a rots-though delegates included -The Churchman. simplicity of heart which is re- one ex-Moslem girl from Zamsponsive to the Gospel message. boanga. A Bible Crusade About 200 native students are in various stages of preparation for The general topic was Chris- A new movement has been the ministry.-The Pioneer. tian religion in relation to both launched in Chicago called the the old traditional ways of the "Bible Evangelistic Crusade," Methodists in Malaysia mountain province and the sud- which has for its purpose the den incidence of modern prob- evangelization of neg Ie c ted The Methodist Church has lems. To keep the native group towns and villages and country built up a mission in Malaysia from backwardness in express- places in the United States and on an educational foundation. ing views, the foreign attend- Canada. It is reported that Last year nearly 18,000 children ance was restricted to two. there are 10,000 churchless and young people attended their towns in America and 30,000 grade and high schools, where The meetings proved remark- without a resident pastor. There 690 Asiatics and 53 European able for the frankness and inter- are 36,000,000 children and adoand Am e ric a n teachers in- est of the opinions expressed. lescents growing up without any structed them. The number in For the first time the Igorot religious training whatever. these schools exceeds the total Christian was showing himself vocal in helping shape the poli-

Over eighty Bible Institutes amend broadly the state Sunday Our Crime Peril and Christian training schools in the U. S. are turning out law was defeated; in Indiana a Recent reports of the Federal thousands of young people each Bureau of Investigation apparyear equipped for Ch~ist~an bill to open the saloons on Sun- ently confirm our unenviable disservice. This new organIZatIOn tinction of having the worst will assist such workers in being day was killed by a vote of three crime record of any of the sofurnished with trailers, tents called civilized peoples of earth. and other necessary equipment to toesne~'tteamnpdtsinto several other The reports indicate that "a larto reach the more difficult fields. sta bring in com- ceny occurs every 44 seconds in Pastoral workers will be di- the United States, a burglary rected to the most encouraging mercialized sports and amuse- every two minutes, an automoplaces to follow up the work that bile theft every two and one-half has been begun, and will be ments and other business were minutes, a robbery every ten given some assistance in getting minutes, a felonous assault every started. When further support frustrated. One of the greatest twelve minutes, and a criminal is needed by evangelistic groups attack on a woman every 67 and missionary pastors, the or- victories won in law enforce- minutes." ganization will try to interest churches or individuals in fur- ment was the abolition of 17 The Bureau's figures show nishing a regular monthly al- that our national crime bill anlowance. burlesque show theaters in New nually is $15,000,000,000. This is a daily cost of more than $41,- -Evangelical Christian. York City. The Lord's Day Al- 000 000. "Every time the clock tick,s off a second, the count ry's Testaments for Prisoners liance has been driving hard crime bill jumps $475." Most of the crimes are committed by The Pocket Testament League against such performances. persons 22 years of age. How has recently sent 500 Testa- can these figures be reduced to ments for work among the pris- -Monday Morning. the minimum? oners of San Quentin Prison, California. This is the distrib- The Exeter Experiment Goodwill in Tennessee uting center for other state p~­ nal institutions-at TehachapI, "Weare trying to bring the The Tennessee Interracial Forsom and one under construc- Commission, organized 19 years tion near Los Angeles. The di- Good News." Thus the religious ago, was first known as the Law rector of religious work at San work director of Mount Holyoke and Order League. Its program Quentin, Alfred C. Schmitt,. in- College epitomizes an experi- was enlarged when its name was terviews all prisoners and gIves ment at Exeter, Maine, forty changed. Under its first name it Testaments to those desiring miles from Bangor. Four years confined itself to crime preventhem. The demand is so great ago this director, Mis~ Kathe- tion and crusaded against mob that the director has called for rine Grammer and MISS Mar- violence. The enlarged program another 500 copies immediately. garet Teague, secretary for ru- includes health, housing, sanita- He writes: "Some of the in- tion education, recreation, travmates become so attached to ral work of the diocese of Maine, eling accommodations on public their Pocket Testaments that asked themselves what could be carriers, child welfare and imthey request the privilege of done to meet the religious needs provement of rural conditions. taking them along with them of a b a c k woo d s generation. Its methods are (1) the promowhen they go out on paroIe." growing up without any real tion of mutual understanding of (Gifts to supply these Testa- viewpoints and needs; and (2) ments may be sent to the Pocket knowledge of Christ and His the cooperation of the two races Testament League, 156 Fifth Church. Instead of merely la- in securing the ends agreed upon Ave., New York.) menting facts, a vacation school in conferences, usually through was planned. For four w~eks the building of favorable public "Remember the Sabbath" eight students and a tramed sentiment. nurse afford the only regular op- All Christian citizens can re- portunity the children and even In the beginning, some of the joice in the increase of interest difficulties were: radical elein preserving the civil institu- the adults of that vicinity have ments in both races; indifference tion of the Sabbath. Of the 43 during the entire year for seri- to constructive efforts for betterstate legislative bodies in sessi?n ment· and a tendency to proin 1937, proposed adverse legIs- ous religious instruction, as well mote 'selfish ends. But in time lation has been defeated more notable results were achieved. than a score of times: In New as forthe teaching of recreational Much has been done in the cor- York State five such bills went rection of interracial injustices down to defeat; in Iowa a bill to values. Approximately 100 chil- and the betterment of conditions affecting Negroes. Oppressive mdarteen~iafrlowmit5h to 21, are the raw which the vacation school works. They are collected in beach wagons or make their own way to the farmhou~e and barn in which the school IS con- d u c ted. Classes, handicraft work and expert recreation make up the program of the morni~g.

A morning, and a sunset serVIce is conducted each day. More than 300 adults attend the Sun- day evening services. – Miss G ram mer and Miss Teague believe that they have at least paved the way toward de- veloping a technique which can be used in other rural areas.

-The Living Church.

OUR WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

measures have been opposed. tious than a bottle of pills. The the island, but the large number Inconsiderate and brutal officers missionary supplied such relief of letters he receives from peo- have been called to account. Co- as he could to the suffering peo- ple not touched by churches is operation in community enter- ple with a few pills until in 1904 a witness to the value of this prises has been promoted. Ne- when the Presbyterians sent out s e r vic e. The First Baptist gro members have been privi- a medical missionary and built Church of Santiago has been leged to lay bare any inj ustices the first little hospital. helping a Spanish priest who which they feel their race is suf- The work rapidly outgrew its within the last year left the Ro- fering, assured of a courteous first quarters and today there man Catholic Church. For the and friendly hearing. stands a grade "A" hospital with present he is supporting himself Close contacts are maintained 110 beds; a children's ward; by teaching in the day school with church groups. Baptist, nurses' home; a training school of the First Church. The Bap- Methodist and Presbyterian of fifty-five nurses; and a 1936 tist Church in Palma Soriano, a denominations have indorsed the record of more than 32,000 pa- town of 20,000 inhabitants, has Tennessee interracial movement, tients. The hospital was placed outgrown its building which and many have accepted re- on the approved list of hospitals seats only 160. Its average at- sponsibility for leadership. for graduate study in tropical tendance in Sunday school is -Tennessean Magazine. medicine by the Council of Med- 230.

Pima Indian Evangelist ical Education of the American Brazil's Student Problem Medical Association. In the re- When a Pima Indian becomes motest country barrio and in the It has long been realized that crowded city it is known as "EI one of the serious missionary a Christian he is usually filled Presbiteriano." problems of the Latin world is with a desire to win others. Pima the approach to the student -Presbyterian Banner. class. The Student Union for churches regularly send teams Christian Service was organized of lay workers into areas where Religion in the West Indies twelve years ago, and at present there is no church or resident confines its activity to students minister. A group of 16 of these Charles S. Detweiler, Baptist in evangelical schools of higher lay workers recently returned Home Mission Secretary, reports education. With nearly 500 memfrom a 10-day itinerary in dif- observations on a recent trip to bers it already has a considerferent parts of the reservation, the West Indies. able effect upon the lives of its devoting their entire time to members, and the necessity for personal evangelism. In Port – au – Prince, Haiti, personal witness is impressed there are four Pro t est ant upon all who join. A Pima Indian Christian en- churches, the Episcopalian, the tered an exclusive shop in Pasa- Wesleyan, the African Method- -World Dominion Press. dena, California. Conversing ist Episcopal and the Baptist. with the saleslady, he said, "I The largest of these churches suppose you attend church ?" has the poorest building. There Echoes of Martyrdom When she replied that she did is real religious freedom in Haiti. not, he began then and there to In Puerto Rico, Protestant in- From the region along the tell her of the love of God for fluence in public life is growing. Amazon where the Messrs. Rob- His children, and how He sent For some time the head of the erts, Wright and Dawson, known Jesus down to earth to save us- Teachers College and the second as the "three Freds," disappreaching her a short sermon in rank in the University has peared in martyrdom, comes the right in the store, which was been a Puerto Rican Presbyte- report that 1,200 Kayapo Inacross from one of the largest rian, and now the Chancellor of dians had suddenly emerged churches in Pasadena. People the University is another Pres- from their forests and descended came to listen and the Indian byterian. The new Commission- on the little town of Nova carried on, proud that he could er of Education, recently ap- Olinda. Fear at first prevailed tell the story to one who hadn't pointed by President Roosevelt, that they had come to massacre; yet learned to love Him. Before is a Puerto Rican Presbyterian. but a strange thing had ocleaving he exacted a promise, A very outspoken Baptist, prom- curred. Wars in their home diswhich the woman seemed glad to inent in political life, is presi- tricts had driven them forth, and give, that from then on she dent of the Board of Commis- they were seeking safety and would attend church. -Monday Morning. sioners of the City of San Juan, food. The news was received by and also a member of the Public the field workers as an answer LATIN AMERICA Service Commission of the Is- to prayer, and steps were taken land. The pastor of the Second to meet the opportunity. Two Hospital in Puerto Rico Baptist Church of Santiago, missionaries soon were on their Cuba, broadcasts for one hour way up the Xingu, with a ton of The Presbyterian Hospital in his Sunday morning service, and farina.

San Juan, Puerto Rico, repre- every day from seven to seven- Contact with these Kayapos sents the steady growth of an thirty he is on the air with a was established, and to the de- idea projected nearly forty years devotional service. The station light of the missionaries they ago with nothing more preten- reaches only the eastern half of found that God had been prepar-

ing for this meeting for ten years French Protestant Church tants, yet each is profiting by the past, at which time the language struggle of the other. had been reduced to writing. The French Pro t est ant Dr. Charles S. Macfarland, The new settlement has brought Church, though weak numerithe Indians to a place where the cally and financially, is a true secretary emeritus of the Fed- Gospel can be preached to them. missionary Church. The Paris eral Council of Churches, has Already a few have accepted Missionary Society which has issued an open letter to Hitler, in Christ. which he condemns the official been carrying on its work for 113 German attitude toward religion The last letter received from years, is working in eight differ- on four counts: the band of three contained this ent fields, wherein labor 165 misappeal: "Brethren, pray and sionaries. The whole work is (1) Hitler has "seized control over supported by an annual budget the Church, arrested multitudes of its send others to continue what the of five million francs. French pastors, confined many of them, and Lord has begun." missionaries are also working in permitted not a few to be assaulted the Methodist Mission on the without open rebuke of their at- -Alliance Weekly. tackers."

EUROPE Ivory Coast, and the Norwegian (2) Despite his promise to unite Call to be "Up and Doing" Lutheran Mission in Madagas- car. The present membership of the Church he has "divided it between those who comply, those who are neu- tral, and those who courageously op- Church attendance in England the French Churches is about pose [his] domination." 700,000, divided among 1,038 (3) Despite his promise to regard is reported as declining. The the "confession" of the Church as Methodists say that 60,000 few- parishes under the direction of er pupils attend Sunday school; 1,097 pastors. sacred, Hitler has "endeavored to c h u r c h membership has de- crush out its basic doctrine of the -World Dominion Press. Fatherhood of God and the brother- creased by 3,000. The Baptists Religion at the Paris hood of mankind." report a decline of pupils by Exposition nearly 20,000, of church mem- (4) "Instead of doing justice to the bers by nearly 1,500. Causes are Visitors to the Paris exhibi- Jews you have permitted them to be harassed and despoiled, without :he slightest appearance of mercy."

suggested include week-end hab- tion may discover several fea- When Hitler came into power it of hiking; opening of cinemas tures of special interest. A mis- he asked that he be given four on Sunday; Sunday excursions; sion boat of the McAll Mission years before people should judge dropping of family prayers; in- his policy. The four years have fluence of radio sermons. The will be found between the Alma elapsed and the judgment must and Passy bridges. Here, daily be one of condemnation. Scots Church's General Assembly has serious things to report services will be held. On the -The Living Church. gangway of the pont d'Alma, is a about reduced incomes for work bookstall containing Bibles and abroad. The foreign missions religious publications. The Godless Union accounts revealed a deficit of An exhibition of Protestant over $250,000. Sabbath observ- Art is a special feature at the Vigorous efforts to increase ance was lost in the Great War. American Church (63, Quai d'- membership in the Godless Un- -R. BIRCH HOYLE. Orsay) . This will be on view ion are being made by Litvinoff, London's Mosque from June 18, although the Russian Commissioner for For- Church itself is open from the eign Affairs. All applicants for The Nizam of Hyderabad has beginning of the Exposition. A diplomatic posts abroad, likewise provided a s,ite in West Kensing- leaflet in English and French en- all members of the Diplomatic ton, London, for a Mohammedan titled "Souvenirs of French Prot- Service at present employed mosque. The foundation stone estantism," by Pastor Boss, is abroad, must be members of the was laid on 4th June by the being published by the National Godless Union, or face dismissal.

Prince of Berar, the son and Touring Center. A Welcome The decree is also extended to heir of the Nizam, surrounded Center for Women (47, Quai d'- com mer cia I representatives by a distinguished company of Orsay) is open from 9 a. m. until abroad. The Osservatore Ro- Moslem representatives from 9 p. m. -The Christian. mano says that during last year Egypt, Arabia, Turkey, Persia German Churches Firm membership of the Union greatand other countries. Like the ly increased, and its funds im- mosque at Woking, the London The Nazi's are not making proved by the payment by every mosque will be a miniature of much headway a g a ins t the member abroad of a special conthe Taj Mahal and is to be fin- Christian Church. Roman Cath- tribution. The new decree has ished at the end of the year. It olics have no intention of retreat- resulted in 6,700 new adhesions will hold about 1,000 people, ing or compromise; confessional- to the Union. The Komsomol quite large enough to accommo- Protestants have set up a secret has ordered Russian youth to' date the worshippers. The total council, to which pastors pledge imp r 0 v e their antireligious number of Moslems and those obedience, in defiance of the work, and to win between May 2 interested in Islam in the whole Reich. and August 2, 200,000 boys and of Great Britain is estimated at So far as known, there is girls as recruits. 2,000. nothing resembling a u nit e d Antireligious pro p a g and a -World Dominion Press. front of Catholics and Protes- abroad was stimulated by the

OUR WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

despatch of appropriate litera- Emirates in the Sudan are open- Britain has not full liberty to ture valued at 1,500,000 rubles, ing for the missionaries of the expel priests of Italian or any chiefly to Switzerland, Holland, Sudan United Mission. Many other nationality. The British France, Spain, England and followers of Islam are awaken- Government is, however, anx- Belgium. Sixty-five thousand ing to the deficiencies of their ious to show church circles that rubles only were received from system. The first conference of it is fighting with all the re- Kabyle converts was held re- sources of diplomacy behind the recipients. -World Dominion Press. cently, and on almost every sta- British missionaries who may be tion there are signs of the work- in trouble. This has been Brit- Protestantism in Austria ing of the Holy Spirit, and that ish policy whenever mission- Since February more than the seed sown through so many aries' lives or teaching activities 15,000 people in Austria have years will soon bear fruit. have been endangered in China entered the Protestant Church. or elsewhere, and the same pol- In Vienna alone about 10,000 -The Christian. icy is being carried out now. have taken this step. A great Moslem Stronghold Crumbling -New York Times.

many of these were formerly There is today throughout Bible Pictures to "Think Roman Catholic, but the major- Africa a mighty movement away Black" ity were without religious de- from Islam and paganism, sinomination. Many of them are multaneous with the movement An attempt to stress the need very poor and out of work, yet away from Hinduism in India. of "thinking black" in any ap- such is their desire for spiritual The Sudan Interior Mission sees proach of the white man to Afriteaching that they visit regular- new opportunities in the open- can children is the plan of the ly divine services and Bible ing up of the Moslem strongholds World's Sunday School Associaclasses which the Protestant of Northern Nigeria to the Gos- tion to present awards to native Church has organized for them. pel. The Nigerian Government African artists who produce il- Protestant churches are filled to is now willing to hand over the lustrations of the parables conoverflowing, and the few pastors leper camps in these provinces veying the fullest meaning to have so much to do that it will to the missionary society. native African children. The be necessary to employ new as- With the acceptance of the story of "the widow's mite" does sistants to impart religious in- challenge, the call has gone forth not make sense to the African. struction. The State authorities for a hundred new missionaries, How can she be the "poor widare very unfriendly towards this including doctors and nurses. ow" with her flowing dress is -Life of Faith. the incredulous reaction of the movement, and put every ob- stacle in the way of preventing Italy's Ethiopian Policy African native. The results of persons from leaving the Roman this venture will be marked by Catholic Church. Italy's action in forbidding an originality which s h 0 u I d From all parts of Austria ur- British, American and French prove refreshing. missionaries to carryon their' gent requests are pouring in for -W. S. S. A.

Bibles and New Testaments. A work in Ethiopia, gives point to Uplift for the Bantus pastor in Syria writes: "I come Foreign Secretary Ant h 0 n y from a little village in which twenty have entered the Prot- Eden's guarded reminder that Missionary work in the Portuestant Church, and they all request me to send them Bibles the British Government "must guese colony of Bantus is chiefly and Catechisms. This was not a political movement, because they reserve the right to consider" among nine recruits of the Transwanted nothing other than God's the expulsion of Italian mission- vaal. There can be no doubt of Word." -Bible Society Record. aries from Malta, Nigeria and the influence of the "East Coast other parts of the British Em- Boys" on the Christian villages pire. The expulsion of British which have grown up in Portu- missionaries has been the sub- guese East Africa. After work- ject of prolonged negotiation ing in the mines of the Trans- AFRICA which have not proven success- vaal, particularly on the Wit- ful. England's threat is not watersrand, they return home Is Islam Tottering? likely to be translated into ac- with ideas about a home which tion, but at least it calls atten- cannot tolerate the old heathen W. Cecil Collinson, Secretary tion to the injustice of Rome's customs, and either these have of the Egypt General Mission, policy. had to go or they have built a observes that large numbers of Italian priests and teachers group of huts in a new spot Moslems are tiring of the for- are to be found chiefly in Malta, away from their pagan relatives.

malities of Islam. Here are some Nigeria and Palestine. In MaTta These structures are finer than facts which go to prove that most of them already have been the pagan huts, influenced by there are signs of a real change replaced by Maltese; in Nigeria, homes they have seen of the in the situation. In every Mos- Italian missionaries are only a white people in the Transvaal.

lem community of over 50,000 handful com par e d with the In the midst of the new huts has inhabitants there is a nucleus of French, while Palestine is a been built the chapel with a bell, witness for Christ. Long-closed mandated territory in which where the leader calls the people

morning and evening to read the tegic importance of this educa- There has been a marked Scriptures, pray and sing hymns learned in the Transvaal. tional program is seen in the deepening of interest in the Gos- The Bantu thinks and works fact that the seven secondary pel m e s sag e among various in circles rather than straight lines. His house is circular, his schools in Palestine educate classes of people. Among the village is circular and his thinking follows a circuitous route. practically one-half the Arabs causes of this should be noted: Christianity widens his mental horizon and helps him to think receiving such training, and a first, a general consciousness and construct in terms of rows of superior huts with fruit and not inconsiderable number of the that we are in a most critical flowering trees between them, which provide ventilation, clean- Jews. period of the world's history; liness and improved sanitation. Many observers say despond- second, the results of seed pre- -World Dominion PreISs. ently that there is no solution of viously sown; and third, the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute the problem of Arab, Jew and prayers of friends. There is The year 1940 will mark not only the jubilee of the founda- Briton; others offer political or greater opportunity for reaching tion of the two Rhodesias in 1890 by Cecil Rhodes, but also diplomatic ways out, but the Moslems as more and more chilthe centenary of the departure for Africa in 1840 of David Liv- only workable plan is to make all dren take advantage of the ingstone. It is proposed that this double anniversary should be three Christian. schools. Approximately 100 boys commemorated in Nor t he r n -Spirit of Missions. and girls attend Sunday school. Rhodesia by the establishment of a Rhodes-Livingstone Insti- News from Syria These are divided into three tute of Central African Studies classes or groups with competent which will serve as a combined The Danish Mission to the teachers, each child being permemorial to these two men. Orient has opened a new Evan- mitted to enter the group of his The proposed institute is in- gelical Church at Hafar, Syria. own language. The pupils in one tended to further scientific study In five boys schools 69 % are class are all Moslem. of the impact of European civili- Moslems and in the girls' schools zation upon native African So- -Near East Christian Council. ciety. It will be located at Liv- 78 %. Students are more seriousingstone, the old capital of minded than those of ten years Northern Rhodesia, seven miles ago, and there has been in- INDIA-SIAM-MALAYIA from Victoria Falls. creased interest in the various Reaching the Multitudes WESTERN ASIA voluntary religious services. Financial difficulties h a v e The Methodist Church in Hy- Christian Schools in Palestine caused the Danish Mission to the derabad is responsible for a Armenians to close their clinic Christian community of 100,000 Christian schools are the only in Beirut, and a reduction of the persons. Those who have been places where Jew and Moslem, numbers in Birds' Nest, Jubeil; reached are eager to learn more, as well as Christians, meet to- but industrial work has sup- and there are some remarkable gether, study together, play on ported many needy women, and testimonies to changed lives and the same terms, and, in the children have been paid for in cleaner homes. Those who for spirit of Christian charity, learn schools. Bible-women are used generations have been in bondthat give and take which are so for evangelistic work in homes age to idol worship and the powimportant. Last year when the and meetings and conferences ers of darkness find it no easier feeling between Jews and Arabs have been held. The Swiss So- to walk in a path of true separarose to boiling point, and all ciety of Ghazir has given help to tion than do the followers of Arab schools, even those under Armenian village colonies by C h r i s t in more enlightened the government, went on strike, placing nurses among them, in lands, where Christianity has Christian schools still went on. addition to their work among been making its influence felt There was difficulty at times in the blind. In spite of the difficult for centuries. To the end that keeping Arab and Jew together, financial situation the Armenian converts may be strengthened, but it was done. Result: the churches have taken increased "refresher courses" are given. schools have been crowded as responsibility for carrying on These are attended by pastors, never before. Jews and Arabs their work, and have even evangelists, village teachers and say what they find there is started new work in three or young men and women from vil- "character training." The stra- lage congregations. On one oc- four centers. -Near East Christian Council. casion several village teachers gathered for a time of prayer In Iraq and meditation in connection "Iraq reports a steadily in- with their work, after which it creasing stream of tourists, and was estimated that in one week the missionaries are glad that 85,000 persons heard the Gospel.

many of them are sufficiently in– Rev. C. W. Posnett is leading· terested in missions to take time this work. Not long ago a vil- to see mission work. The most lage chief, who had continually noteworthy visitation recently persecuted the native Christian was in the form of a conference teacher, went to Mr. Posnett and in Baghdad of five officials of the said: "I used to persecute your British and Foreign, and the teacher; I pulled down the thatch American Bible Societies. from his shed, and tried to drive

OUR WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

him out, but I have come to tell five stations (Madras, Conjeev- plexes will be shed when one can you that I want his religion; eram, Chingleput, Arkonam and read his own Bible, subscribe to your teacher has saved and Sriperumbudur) together with his own paper, and form his changed my village, and he is 450 coworkers, eight Indian min- own opinions at first hand. now my friend." isters with 8,000 church mem- bers, give stalwart witness to the -United Church Review. -The Christian. growth and strength of this work. Dr. Laubach's Method "Temple Entry" Proclamation An outstanding feature of Dr. Frank C. Laubach says Caste Hindus in Travancore those early days was the baptism that teaching the people of Inhave issued a proclamation com- of two students, P. Rajahgopal dia to read is like trying to tear pelling the depressed class Chris- and A. Venkataramiah, which down the Himalayas. Only 8 tian converts to go to Hindu caused a furore, reduced the per cent of the 340,000,000 can temples. If they do not forsake school attendance from 400 to 70 read, and only 7 per cent of Christianity, they are not al- overnight, and brought on a those who can read can do it lowed to reap the harvest, and court case, through all of which well enough to understand what some are turned out of their the Christian leaders stood un- they are reading. Dr. Laubach poor dwellings. This restriction compromisingly for their faith, thinks he has the explanation. is being applied to London Mis- resulting in many conversions. There is in India a spoken lansion, Romon Catholic, Salvation guage and a written, in all the Army and Syrian converts in Madras Christian College, an large languages. These go by places like Avaneeswaram and outgrowth of the work of this the same name but have differ- Thalavoor. The matter has at- mission is celebrating the Cen- ent vocabularies. It is as if you tracted the attention of Mr. tenary by transfer to a new lo- were learning Greek, or Hebrew, Gandhi, who has promised to try cation covering 390 a'cres at and had to learn both a new voto better the situation. Tambaram, sixteen miles south cabulary and a new alphabet. -National Missionary Intelli- of Madras. It is worse than that for the il- literate, for he has never learned gencer. -United Church Review. any letters and does not know what to expect. Dr. Laubach is Santal Mission Anniversary Literacy by 1941 advocating that all illiterates be taught in their own dialects, This year marks the seven- The All-India Conference of learning to read in the spoken tieth anniversary of the found- India Christians has issued a language. Thus the other laning of the Santal Mission of challenge: "Every Christian guages will become dead. North India. Of the founders, able to read by 1941." Here are Hans Peter Borresen and Lars some of the reasons for expect- -Missionary Herald. Olsen Skrefsrud, the former was ing a literate Church of Christ a native of Denmark, the latter in India four years hence. First, Gospel Inn at Leh of Norway. The mission is now there are many evidences of a supported by Lutherans in Den- widespread interest in adult lit- The Christian tells us that at mark, Norway and America. eracy. Active committees are Leh, on the border of VVestern There are fifty missionaries in at work in every part of the Tibet where Moravian missionthe field, twenty from Norway, country in the study of the prob- aries have labored for many twenty from Denmark and ten lems involved, in the prepara- years without seeing much fruit, from America, and the field is tion of materials, in the encour- it is now proposed to erect a expanding. Scattered over a agement of voluntary teachers "Gosnel Inn," in an attempt to strip of territory 400 miles lon~ of the illiterate. Preliminary at- obtain closer contact with nilare small Santal churches with tempts have met with distinct grims on their wav to their holy their pastors, evangelists and success. Striking achievements city. This inn will afford shel- Bible women. There are village in other countries spur India to ter and rest for the pilgrims and schools, and, in the large cen- the attainment of literacy. Rus- give opportunity for the missionters, boarding schools both for sia raised her literary from 33 aries to minister to their spiritboys and girls. There are also to 90 per cent between 1921 and ual needs. orphan homes, hospitals, and at 1931. In China, Dr. Y. C. James Saldoha a colony for lepers. Yen, began a mass literacy Christian Villages in Siam movement in 1922 with 1,450 Madras Centenary students; and within seven years One of Siam's largest Chris- he had taught five million to tian groups consists of ten vil- Scottish missionaries in Ma- read and write. lages where work is being cardras and vicinity are rejoicing ried on by Siamese leaders. In in their hundred years of his- Recent research has shown the largest church in this area tory. In February of 1837, John that the adult can learn to read there are several active organ- Anderson, son of a blind farmer some five times as rapidly as a izations-a large primary Sunof southern Scotland, landed in child. Many are influenced in day school, a large day school, Madras and began a school with their interest in literacy by the and a Kings Daughters circle. a definite evangelistic aim. To- political franchise to be gained They have their own evangelists day, thirty-six missionaries in by the literate. Inferiority com- whom they send out to work in

neighboring villages. There is colleges are coming to positio~s reconsecrating themselves to a large group of people studying of influence in the State and III Christ and four applying for now to be received into the all the learned professions. In church membership. c h u r c h as soon as they are the last dozen years the number ready. These church members of enrolled students of the Chris- Rev. C. H. Wong, pastor of tithe, and their gifts are more tian colleges has increased from the East Shanghai B a p ti s t than enough to meet the ex- 2000 to over 7,000. There are Church, asks these questions of penses of the church and sup- 800 graduates going out of these candidates for church memberport their own pastor. They institutions every year to take ship: are now asking for an assistant up their careers of various pastor, since the one cannot do kinds." What does it mean to be a Chrisall the work that might be done. -Missionary Herald (London). tian? Why do you want to become a They are ready to assume the Christian? What is the difference besupport of the extra pastor as Radio Preaching tween a Christian and a non-Chrissoon as he can be obtained. tian? Are the members of you~ fam- One of the most encouraging ily Christian? . Does yo~r .famIly ob- Singapore Churches features of Christian work in ject to your bemg a ChrrstIan? What Shanghai today is the Christian would you do if some one should per- Churches in Singapore differ Broadcasting Station. The un- secute you for being a Christian? Why from those in America in that usual thing about the broadcasts do you wan~ to join the. church? Wh~t they are run by young people, is their popularity, since only is the meamng of oaptIsm, the Lord s for in the ordinary church there one person out of 300 is a Chris- Supper, prayer, etc.? Do you p.r3:Y and are more youths than adults. tian. The station was begun, read your Bible? Are you wIllmg to The explanation for this is found and is still financed by a Chris- help bring others to Christ? in the fact that the church con- tian Chinese business merchant, ducts primary and· secondary who probably gives not less than Sometimes candidates are schools in every section of the nine-tenths of his income to God, asked to wait for further study city. These mission schools meet and part of it meets the heavy of Christianity, or until they the government standards, and expenses connected with this have a deeper experience of teach religion during these form- broadcasting center. W hen Christ before they are presented ative years, so that religious some one suggested that perhaps to the church for membership. education is a part of the whole more money was being spent on process, and not merely a Sun- its maintenance than should be, -Watchman-Examiner. day morning project. he replied that instead of spend- ling less, he felt he ought to Fukien's Experiment Another difference is that the spend more, and would do so. congregations are interracial; Thus he is now proposing that Fukien Christian University, the Sunday school and worship Government stations in other with a dozen villages within an service may be in Chinese from provincial capitals be placed at hour's walk of its campus – a 8: 30 to 10: 30. English may be the service of Christian preach- campus fashioned out of seventy the language for the next two ers. By payment of a fixed sum acres of rice and potato fields, hours and Malay in the after- to the authorities in charge of is not unmindful of its obliganoon. The same minister may those stations, half-an-hour daily tion to solve its share of the Chihave two of these groups and can be allowed for the broad- nese rural problem. The unisometimes the third. Race does casting of the Gospel. This ra- versity believes that the r~con­ not matter-only language. dio service reaches "the war struction of the rural areas IS an lords and the politicians, the experiment, and therefore an ex- Six out of ten churches in farmers and the factory work- pert's task. Francis Chen, with Singapore are self-supporting. ers, the old and the young, the his Yale Ph.D., in rural econom- Those receiving mission help are pirates and the followers of ics has returned to China as exthe newly organized ones. Some Christ." -China's Millions. pe;imenter. A gift secured by of the Chinese laymen have Rev. E. H. Smith, of the AmerIstarted an anti-opium clinic Evangelism in Shanghai can Board in Ingtai, provides which they are supporting, and funds for a five-year period of reports show over 1,000 patients University experimenting; and the village with 1,400 on the waiting list. of Nieu Tien is the starting It is the custom at the Uni- point. . -RALPH A. FELTON. versity of Shanghai (Baptist), to have four evangelistic meet- Forty year'S of revolution have CHINA ings each year, each called "Re~ made the farmer their victim. ligious Emphasis Week." Per- He is the sufferer from the civil Christian Influence Expanding sonal work is done largely wars, exorbitant taxes, the cor- through fellowship groups. dur- rupt and bewildered gentry, not At a meeting in London of ing the year. The l~st serIes ~f to speak of bandits and commu- British Missionary Societies, meetings resulted III 14 decI- nists. The farmers constitute Rev. C. E. Wilson, Baptist For- sions, twenty-two desiring to four-fifths of the total popula-: eign Secretary, said: enter Bible classes, seventy-four tion. To save the farmer is, therefore, to save the nation. "It is one of the most remarkable features of modern China -Far Horizons. that the graduates of Christian Through Personal Contact Of 28 students and teachers baptized in one station in China

OUR WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

during the past year, 17 came ites" has learned a great deal of the Church of Christ in China. from non-Christian schools. A about the Chiang people of the Similar boards are being de- Presbyterian m iss ion a r y in western borderland of China. veloped at Kulangsu and Chuancharge of student work there They live between China proper chow. Outlying hospitals at says that these were not super- and Tibet. They bear such un- Changpu and Siokhe will be opficial or emotional decisions, but mistakable marks of being Is- erated as branches of the Changfollowed many months of care- raelitish that Mr. Torrance chow hospital center, and it is ful training in communicants' says: "Were they clad in foreign proposed that other outlying classes, and much personal dis- dress and set down in London or hospitals shall be designated as cussion with other Christians. New York, they would be taken branches of the Kulangsu and Most of these young people first at once for Jews." Chuanchow centers respectively. became interested in Christianity The description he gives of the Each of the three missions conthrough Christian stu den t s use of an altar in the sacred cerned have given approval to whom they knew. Said this mis- grove, and of the slaying of the the plan. sionary: "It is easier to get stu- sacrificial lamb by an appointed dents into a vital relationship priest, clad in special priestly GENERAL with God in their personal lives garments, is strangely reminis- Religion—'Not Philosophy than to lead them into the cent of the Old Testament sacri- Needed fices, and the likeness is further Church." -Monday Morning. borne out by the ritualistic use President Jam e s Rowland of a priestly rod bearing the im- Angell of Yale University insists age of a serpent, recalling the that religion, rather than phi- Leprosy Conferences ancient Nehustan. The similar- losophy must be relied on to Within a week after the tragic ities between Israelitish and change the human heart and shooting of sixty lepers at Chiang religious practices all solve our many problems. Said Yeungkong, two of the most shed fresh light on many an elu- he at the Bowdoin Institute of noted scientific bodies in China sive Bible allusion. The national Philosophy: were in session-the Chinese story of the Chiang people un- "Anything which gives any Medical Association and the doubtedly holds the answer to promise of restoring some meas- Third National Conference on many hitherto unanswered ques- ure of sobriety of outlook, some Leprosy. The national character tions of religion and history. common convictions a m 0 n g of these two organizations made Mr. Torrance's work of Bible thoughtful and honorable men, them loud-speakers of protest distribution in West China has is deserving of encouragement. against these executions. On the strictly intellectual side, brought many Chiang villages philosophy and science are alone The Me d i c a I Association likely to gain the necessary hearpassed the following resolution, into the Christian fold. ing from our thinking leaders, quickly seconded by the Leprosy -Bible Society Record.

Conference: Three Missions Unite Medical and perhaps by contagion some Work shreds of sanity may spread to That the Chinese Medical Association, in session at the Medical Center, Dr. Edward H. Hume sends common folk who have neither Shanghai, has heard with dismay of the mental power nor the train- the premeditated murder of lepers in an account of the federation of ing to think through basic probthe Yeungkong hospital leper settlement and the subsequent looting of three medical missions in China, lems for themselves. In the the settlement by soldiers; formerly maintained separately larger area of feeling and emo- by three denominations, to com- tion, to which appeal has finally That, apart from the natural ab- bine all medical work in South horrence of such cruelties, this and to be made before any social re- similar acts, in direct contravention Fukien into one unit. Late in sponse of significant magnitude of the orders of the Canton authorities, as expressed in their published 1936, a survey committee was can be hoped for, I think we injunctions strictly forbidding the appointed by the three missions molestation of lepers, do more than must look to essential religion. I involved – American Reformed, personally think that the most anything else to spread the disease by English Presbyterian and Eng- sophisticated can with intellectdriving every leper into hiding; lish Congregational – w h i c h ual assurance turn to the convic- And that immediate steps be taken by the officers of this conference to studied the entire area and tion that spiritual forces are inapproach the proper authorities in reached the conclusion that it digenous to ultimate reality, that they are in part reflected in such Nanking and Canton, urging that would be desirable to commence suitable penalties be imposed on the united activities at one center, conceptions as we have of jusmurderers, that steps be taken to protect the lepers, and especially to pre- while regarding the hospitals of tice and truth and beauty and the vent the molestation of those under- love of our fellow man." He going medical treatment. the entire area as essentially be- added that the task of turnin~ longing to a single plan. The -Without the Camp. Board of Managers of the hos- people as individuals from mal- pital at Changchow (London ice, cruelty, and selfish lust "is a The Chiangs of West China Mission) agreed to go out of ex- task which religion can most istence and a new board was cre- easily perform, and hardly any The author of "China's First ated, three of whose members other agency can make a real be- Missionaries – Ancient Israel- were designated by the Synod ginning."

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Our. Missionary Bookshelf Books Briefly Reviewed for the Readers' Information A Theology for Christian Missions. pear, as he recognizes! with t~e tain them. Meanwhile it is good By Hugh Vernon White. 220 pp. historic Catholic faIth. HIS Christology does not seem to be to have this thoughtful book $2. Willett, Clark & Co., New York the historic Chris~ology either of which goes so far and sets forth and Chicago. 1937. the Roman Catholic Church or so much truth as to life and of the theology of the Reformed thought and duty that one This book begins with a re- Churches. He reverences Jesus freshing note, at variance with wishes it would go further and the easy unrational and self-con- Christ as the historic revelation recover all of the great evan- of the character of God but says tradictory view of the past gen- little of the Risen Christ as a liv- gelical tradition which is as true eration which eschewed any in- ing supernatural person and today and will be as true tomorterest in the theological basis of foreign missions and advocated now as it ever was.

the adequacy of the ideal and R. E. SPEER. motive of human service. But presence and little of the mysti- cal element .of Christian experi- Two Missionary Voyages. By Thomas why were the ideal and motive ence. He saves a good deal of TPrhoommoptsionng. 8C7hprips.tiaIns. KSnoocwielteydfgoer. of human service adequate? the old but the movement of London. 1937.

Any attempt to answer this q?es- thought preserves the human- This little paper-bound book tion involved the answerer III a istic construction of the past few rescues from obscurity the name theology, a very thin and poor decades instead of entering into of a pioneer missionary who was theology perhaps, but still a the- the new currents which return sent out nearly two hundred ology which sooner or later had to God, rather than man, as the years ago (1745) by the Society to grapple with the meaning of the ideas of God and man and center and the constructive prin- for the Propogation of the Gos- ciple of Christian thought and pel of the Church of E,ngland to society. experience. The emphasis her2 work among the EnglIsh colon- Dr. White sees all this clearly is on man's service of his ists in New Jersey, and who, and states his view with unmis- brother, using the concepts of when his opportunity was closed takable plainness: God and of the teaching and ex- by the Revolution five years It is my strong conviction that the ample of the historic Jesus, later became the first Anglican Christian mission must have an ex- rather than on God in Christ, missionary to West Africa. His plicit theology to sustain it. These the Christ of history, the living interesting account of his adventlheecotuloregsi,cathl epreofionrteo, frevpireewseannt da dthefeinaitte- Christ, at wodrk u1sintg' manf Hfo' r turous voyages and varied extempt to ground evangelical Christian- the service an sa va Ion 0 IS periences were published by the children. The books cited are Society during his lifetime, but itv in beliefs about God, Christ, man .and the nature of the spiritual life, the books of the humanistic had been out of print and lost trend and thehre 'stehems to be for 150 years till a stray cop.y wprheiscehntc-adnaybeChhreilsdtiawnisthancodnwfidheicnhceCb2ny either no touc WI or a con- was found in the Rutger's 11be defended rationally and sustained scious ignoring of the new and brary in New Brunswi<;k. T~e by practical experience. Evangelical tfshaioeintohslo. ghiacIsaflatshfuuapntpdosarumtpeponoftratClhfrsaitla~ltksi,eanCinhmr~tIhss-e- dominant currents which turn Society has now republIshed It, back to the B.iblicaDl coWnche.ptts of wI'th explanatory introductions., tianity ceases to be a "gospel" in the God and ChrIst. r. 1 e ac- in its original form. The EdI- local parish as well as on the mission cepts "the passing of the old ra- torial Secretary rightly says field. tional premises for doctrinal that it will stir the imagination constructidon' wthh ti c hh'Cathfoltihcs of all who care for the records of ingWefohr avtheehamdisesnioonuagrhy swpeocrikal opfletahde- have foun III e eac Illg.O e old days and are ready to honor church. What it needs is not special Church and Protestants III the the memory of a Christian pio- letter of Scripture." Is it not neer and hero. pleading but a clear realization that the world mission finds its oraratiloin~a-l rather t rubaectkhat 0t dtahye sWe I'otlhd prem- _ ARTHUR J. BROWN. justification as well as its m ises are a new perative in the very nature of ChrIstianity. This is what makes so neces- sary today a treatment of missions power? The future will show. The Deeper Life. By Max I. Reich. The future will show also 112 pp. $1.00. Wm. B. Eerdman from the point of view of Christian theology. whether Dr. White's construc- Pub. Co. Grand Rapids, Mich.

When Dr. White states his tion of a theology for Christian Those who share the convictheology, however, variances ap- missions will sustain and main- tion that the present urgent need Any of the books noted in these columns will be sent by the RllvIIlW publishers on receipt of price.

[446 ]

OUR MISSIONARY

is the deepening of the spiritual by the Apostles, and effective in which characterize his discuslife of the church will prize this a new righteousness from God, sion of the subject, which is volume of studies by a gifted and a new access to God, a new crea- especially timely in this year of able expositqr. Dr.· Reich is a tion by God for those who ac- the Edinburgh World Confermember of the faculty of the cept it. Dr. McNicol does not ence on Faith and Order. Moody Bible Institute and the start with a thesis to which facts book reflects both his deep spir- must be made to conform. His ARTHUR J. BROWN. itual discernment and wide appeal is to what "is written." knowledge of the Scriptures. How completely documented Missionary Illustrations. By Alva His approach is somewhat un- from Scripture his treatment is usual in that there is almost en- may be judged from the 500 ref- C. Bowers. 154 pp. $1.50. Flemtire absence of illustration or erences listed in the Scripture ing H. Revell. New York. appeal to emotion. The aim is Index at the end of the book. rather to bring into view great Yet the text does not seem cum- Here are stories of real exareas of spiritual privilege re- bered by excessive quotation. vealed in the Scriptures, which On the contrary, the argument periences, gathered by the au- Christians so largely neglect. moves steadily forward, without There is the constant holding up waste of words, from position to thor during his twenty-six years of the divine mirror to expose position, as each is established the deformities of the self life, and fortified in turn. Marked in foreign mission service. Pasand warning against formalism, with fine insight and evident ritualism and doctrinalism, as scholarship the book is neverthe- tors, Sunday school teachers and foes to highest spiritual attain- less not academic. It is wholement. The sixteen chapters are somely objective, and yet at the leaders of young people will find rich in sustenance for the inner same time is intense with feellife, especially those on Deeper ing. Obviously the Christian this book a mine of usable inci- Fellowship, Deeper Teaching, evangel has pro v e d in the and Deeper Peace. writer's own case to be "power dents that will increase the unto salvation," and he cherishes If there be any qualification in it with joyous conviction. Any- knowledge of other lands, and one's appreciation of a book of one who wishes to understand such high value and helpfulness, essential Christianity cannot do give point to inspirational this would relate to one or two better than read this book. instances of overstatement. truths. H. H. F. ARTHUR H. GORDON. HUGH R. MONRO. God's Methods for Holy Living. Church Unity. By the Rev. F. H. Dr. Donald Grey Barnhouse. 50 The Christian Evangel. By John Me· Knubel, D.D. 86 pp. 75 cents. cents. 93 pp. Revelation. Phila- Nicol, D.D. 12mo. 193 pp. $1.50. Board of Publication of the United delphia. 1937. American Tract Society, New York. Lutheran Church in America. 1937. 1937. This volume of brief addresses This discussion of church It is a good omen that books unity, by the distinguished presi- deals with a theme of which we are appearing, one after another, dent of the United Lutheran which seek to define Christian- Church in America, is in the hear all too little in present-day ity as presented in the New Tes- form of a commentary on the tament. Many have become Epistle to the Ephesians, whose preaching. Holiness has had a weary of the vague religiousness real theme is held to be the unity of much contemporary preach- of the Church, and in which St. prominent place in the great reing, and eagerly desire to know Paul presents the "fundamental what the original Christian mes- facts concerning unity," "Chris- vivals since Wesley's day, but sage really was. They wish to tian responsibility for unity" "distinguish the things that dif- and the proper methods for the because of the teaching of eradier." Dr. Machen's "What Is "promotion of unity by Chris- Faith," and Principal Michlem's tian denominations." cation and other extremes by book with a similar title, are calculated to meet this commend- Leaders who feel that true certain groups, a widespread able desire. The volume by Dr. unity should and will express it- McNicol belongs in the same self in union, that union does prejudice has recently grown up. class and certainly does not suf- not mean a standardized unifer by comparison. It is a clear, formity or a supergovernment, To omit a truth so essential as coherent, cogent setting forth of and that a closer union than now the "Christian Evangel" as fore- exists is long overdue, will prob- this leaves great areas of Scripshadowed in the Old Testament, ably not share Dr. Knubers fear made possible by our Lord, in of "the hurried establishment of ture uncultivated and the sym- His life and death and resurrec- an external union." They will, tion, certified by the gift of the however, respect the ability, sin- metry of Christian doctrine is Spirit at Pentecost, proclaimed cerity and fine Christian spirit sadly marred.

Dr. Barnhouse's approach is well balanced, scriptural, and in the fullest sense practical and helpful. His numerous illustra- tions are highly effective. the language clear and forceful, and there is a sustained interes '; throughout. The reader will lay down this book with a sense of spiritual refreshment and with much new light upon the Word of God. H. R. MONRO.

My Servant Moses. By E. Ray Cam- eron. A.M., Th.M. 12mo. 187 pp. $1.50. Fleming H. Revell Company, N. Y. 1937.

Here is a straightforward chronicle of the life of the great Hebrew lawgiver. It follows closely the Biblical record, util- izing often its very phraseology, and makes no attempt to ap- praise the documents critically, or speculate as to their origin.

Their full reliability is taken for The History of Sin Personal Items granted. The writer presents An illuminating and instruc- (Concluded from 2d cover.) ]doses as the chief instrument tive treatise on the little understood subject of the on church properties, and for a bish- through whom the Providence of origin and development of sin op's residence. God operated for the deliverance in the world. of Israel from Egypt. He traces Rev. F. Wh*itt*ake*r, an English The Marks of Sonship that Providence in detail from Methodist missionary in Hyderabad, the beginning to the end of Tracing in clear language the India, has been appointed mass move- ]doses' life, and seeks to inter- pathway of sonship. An ad- ment secretary of the National Chris- pret ]doses' reactions to it. He mirable treatise dealing with tian Council of India. This post is the very heart of the Gospel. made necessary by the situation fd1- introduces us to ]doses' inward lowing the Ambedkar movement of conflicts and hesitations, his ven- The History of Temptation the Depressed Classes. tures of faith, the motives which Barring what seem to us one *** actuated him, his hopes and or two extremes in statement, . trials and disappointments and this pamphlet throws a flood Rajah B. Manikam, Ph.D., has been of light on a subject concern- elected one of the secretaries of the triumphs. The result is no mere ing which there is far too National Christian Council of India, symbolic figure of the dim past, much superficial thinking. Burma and Ceylon. His time will be devoted to the Central Board of Chris- aloof and severe, but "a real When Winter Comes tian Higher Education and to the warm-blooded human being" of promotion of Christian literature. Dr. like passions with ourselves, and A tribute to those in advanced Manikam has been vice-principal of years by one in the prime of Andhra Christian College, supported "as lovable as any character in by the United Lutheran Church. history." The scattered facts of ]doses life are collected and in- *** Dr. Adolph Keller, director of the Central Bureau of Relief of the Evan- life. Emphasis is placed on gelical Churches of Europe, is coming cluded in the narrative, empha- to the United States this month. He the solid satisfactions of later will participate in the National sizing his versatility, his prodi- years when there are hallowed Preaching Mission and will give lecgious achievements and their abiding value. Now and then memories and a living faith. tures on the recent Oxford Conferthe story is made more vivid by In contrast to the unbelieving, ence. *** imaginative touches, as when such find light at eventide.

]doses and Aaron meet after HUGH R. MONRO. Obituary Notes forty years of separation and James Hudson Taylor of China. By Mrs. Hele,n Pierson Curtis. the J. J. Ellis. 96 pp. 2s. Pickering wife of the Rev. Frederick S. Curtis, talk over old times, or when the who spent forty years of her life with sensational experiences of Israel, and Inglis. London and Edinburgh. her husband as a missionary in Japan during the days immediately and Korea, died in New Haven, Conn., after the escape from Egypt, are Hudson Taylor was 'known as on July 5, 1937. She was born in Binghamton, N. Y., on August 9, relayed in the modern form of "the man who believed God." 1861, the daughter of Dr. and Mrs. news flashes. Judicious and per- Arthur T. Pierson. She was educated tinent practical suggestions ap- He believed God without any in Kalamazoo Seminary and after her marriage went to Japan in 1888 pear at intervals, which remind qualifications whatever. The where she did a notable work in teach- ing and evangelism. M'rs. Curtis is one that the book has its roots in awe-inspiring fact of his life survived by her husband and four a series of sermons preached to children. the writer's own congregation. was this simple faith; and the One finishes reading with a sense one great lesson to be drawn from it is the power of such a faith. H. H. F.

of profit from having become Seminary Militant. By Louise Porter Herbert Udn*y *W*eitbrecht Stanbetter acquainted with this most impressive Biblical character, Thomas. 117 pp. $1.00. Dept. of ton, for many years an associate edi- English, Mount Holyoke College. tor of The Moslem World, died on 1937. prior to Christ Himself. May 30 in London, at the age of eigh- One of the centennial publi- ty-six. Dr. Weitbrecht Stanton, schol- ARTHUR H. GORDON. cations of ]dount Holyoke Col- ar and linguist, was a distinguished Series of Six Booklets. 16 pp., with lege, being an account of the missionary of the Church Missionary heavy paper cover. By Donald Grey Society in the Punjab for more than missionary movement at the a generation. His long residence in Barnhouse. 10 cents each. Revela- college, inspired and developed India, and his intimate acquaintance tion, Philadelphia. by its founder, ]dary Lyon. The with Arabic as well as Urdu, specially Happy Though Poor book is interestingly compiled fitted him to write on Moslem prob- lems. An arresting discussion of the from letters, diaries, and note- secret of happiness, replete books of early students and *** with vivid illustration, sound teachers. Along with the strug- reasoning and clear Scripture Mrs. William Clifton Dodd, hon- teaching. orably retired Presbyterian mission- gle to develop higher education . ary to Siam, died at her home in Men Whom God Struck Dead for women was the dauntless re– Johnstown, Pa., July 4, 1937. Isabella Ruth Eakin was born at Solemn lessons drawn from solve to convert the world. The Rose Point, Pa., June 26, 1861, sailed long list of ]dount Holyoke for Siam on October 20, 1887. In 1889 alumnre who have served as mis- she became the wife of Dr. William judgments of Scripture. Each sionaries at home or abroad in- C. Dodd and for nearly 33 years they illustration is given a power- work as pioneers in that remote Laos ful present-day application. cludes the name of Dr. Ida field, hundreds of miles from the Scudder. fringe of civilization. H. H. F.

Book. For OCTOBER

SMTWTFS Africa and Christianity. Diedrich •• •• •• •• •• 1 2 Westermann. $2.25. Oxford Uni- 3 4 5 6 789 versity Press. London and New 10 11 12 13 U 15 16 York. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 26 27 28 29 80 Books for the Traveler or Sojourner 81 •••••••••••• in China. Harriet Hardison Rob- son. 24 pp. 25 cents. American Most Important Months Council, Institute of Pacific Rela- of the New Church Year tions. New York. NOVEMBER Be Sure DECEMBER Christianity and the Eastern Con- to Order IMTWTFS flicts. William Paton. 224 pp. .!..!!.TWTF. •• •••• 1 2 8 of $1.50. Willett Clark & Co: Chi- •• 11846' 6 8 7 8 91011 cago. 12 18 U 16 1617 18 7 8 9 10 1112 18 Christianity and Our World. John U 16 18 17 18 19 20 ………….. 19 20 III 22 28 24 26 C. Bennett. 70 pp. 50 cents. As- sociation Press. New York. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 212228 114 26 118 117 282728298081 •• The Church at the Heart of the 182980 •••••• World Christian Community. Es- ther Boorman Strong. 60 pp. Cbt Upptr Room 1. M. C. New York. OCTOBER-NOVEMBER-DECEMBER ISSUE The Divine Art of Soul Winning. J. O. Sanders. 96 pp. lB. Picker- With summer past and vacations over, it is time to ing & Inglis. London. inaugurate a new Church year and a new program. In many instances a new organization must be set up The Great Commission. W. Wilson or at least replacements made. New Members must Cash. 116 pp. 28. Oliphants be drawn into closer fellowship and the spiritual life London. of the old members must be quickened. For this period of cultivation the daily devotional life of the Dr. Bob Hockman – A Surgeon of individual is most important to the success of the; the Cross. Kathleen Hockman whole program. Friederichsen. 102 pp. 50 cents. Zondervan Pub. House. Grand More Than 15,000 Pastors Have Acclaimed Rapids. THE UPPER ROOM as the Most Effective In the Jungles of New Guinea. R. Daily Devotional Guide Obtainable Hanselmann. Pamphlet. Lutheran Book Concern. Columbus, Ohio. Pastors or group leaders are invited to order a trial supply on our liberal consignment plan. Use the or- Kagawa Comes Home. 25 cents. 66 der form below. pp. Friends of Jesus. Tokyo. CONSIGNMENT ORDER INDIVIDUAL SUBSCRIPTION- Morocco in Mufti. James Haldane. THB UPPER ROOM, 231 pp. 68. A. H. Stockwell Ltd. Issue for October, November, December Doctors' Building, London. (For use of Pastor or Group Leader. Nashville, Tenn.

The New Adorning. Reginald Wallis. Order ten or more copies.) Gentlemen: 65 pp. 80 cents. American Bible I am inclosing herewith thirty cents Conference Assn. Philadelphia. THE UPPER ROOM, (foreign, forty cents) for which please Natur Und Gnade in Der Mission- Doctors' Building, send me The Upper Room for one year, arischen Verkundigung. Theodore Devaranne. 28 pp. Ostasien Mis- Nashville, Tenn. postpaid, beginning with _ _ _ __ sion. Berlin, Germany. quarterly issue. Gentlemen: Pioneer Days in Darkest Africa. A. Name G. Ingleby. 176 pp. 28. 6d. Pick- Please send me copies ering & Inglis. London. of The UpPer Room, postpaid. I will Street or Route _ _ _ _ _ __ sell these for five cents per copy and Practical Christian Living. Thoughts pay for same when sold. It is under- Post·office _ _ _ _ _ State _ __ for Daily Meditation. Zelma Argue. 32 pp. 25 cents. Zondervan Pub. stood that I have the privilege of re- *A single copy by mail anywhere 10 Co. Grand Rapids. turning at your expense Bny unsold cents. Redeeming the Time. Report of the China Inland Mission. 82 pp. Lon- copies. don. Name Radiant Youth. Reginald Wallis. Street or Route _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 128 pp. 80 cents. American Bible Conference Assn. Philadelphia. Post·office _ _ _ _ _ State _ __ Seminary Militant. Louise Porter Thomas. 117 pp. $1.00. Mount Holyoke College. Mt. Holyoke, Mass.

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Anti-Christian Anny —

200,000,000 Moslems The strongest united force opposing the claims of Christ and the progress of modern missions is the Moslem population of the world. Although the followers of Mohammed believe that Jesus was a prophet of God and although the Koran gives Him an exalted place, the Mohammedans refuse to accept Him as Son of God and the only Saviour from the penalty and power of sin.

The Moslems are not only extremely fanatical but they are also militant propagandists for their religious faith and practices. The difficulties they put in the way of Christian missionary work are especially felt in countries where Islam is in control or that claim a majority of the population. Such countries are: Egypt, the Sudan, North Africa, Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Arabia, Iran, Afghanistan, parts of India, Malaya, China and southeastern Europe.

The October MISSIONARY REVIEW will be devoted to this subject-with articles by mission· aries and converts, maps and illustrations, news and book reviews. Among the articles will be: The Moslem World Today…………………………………… Dwight M. Donaldson Why Take Christ to Moslems …………………………………… Samuel M. Zwemer Some Moslem Superstitions …………………………………………. Davida Finney The Gospel that Wins Moslems …………………………………….. W. Wilson Cash Moslem Reactions to the Gospel …………………………………….. James Haldane My Experience with Moslems ………………………………………. " Frank Laubach Christian vs. Moslem Homes ………………………………… .Mrs. Edwin E. Calverley Medical Missions to Moslems …………………………………… , ….. Paul Harrison Encouragements Among Moslems ………………………………………. George Swan Sermon by a Convert from Islam ………………………… , ………. .Sa'eed Kurdistani What Christ Means to Me …………….. " …………………. .By Converts from Islam Best Books on the Moslem World ……………………………••..• •Samuel M. Zwemer 25 cents a copy –Send Your· Order Now– ~2.s0 a year ~20.00 a hundred Special Pmt! in ~antities if ordered bt!fore Septembt!T 15th THE MISSIONARY REVIEW OF THE WORLD THIRD AND REILY STREETS, HARRISBURG, PA.

Robert E. Speer, President Delavan L. Pierson, Editor

The Missionary Review of the World — November 1929

A P AGANI ZED AFRICAN W'OMAN AT " HOME"-IGNORANT AND

THE MISSIONARY ._.

REVIEW OF THE WORLD DELAVAN L. PIERSON, Editor CONTENTS-November, 1929 LET YOUR GIFT to Foreign Missions Page ~'RONTISPIECE-Heathenlzed and Mod- PAY YOU A LIFE INCOME ernized African Womanhood You can make a generous gift to foreign mis- HUlIlE O~' AHMEDNAGAR ………•• sions and have a needed income for yourself and others from the money you give by the · •.•••••.•••.••…•• ALDEN H. CLARK 821 MAKING MEN AS WELL AS LUMBER- Annuity Gift Plan MEN ….•..•.. FRED H. RINDGEJ JR. 828 This plan reHeves you of uncertainty and IN MONGOLIA BEYOND THE OUT- worry caused by changing values of invested funds and assures you a fixed income of POSTS OF CHRISTIANITY .••••••• • ••..•••••••••••. GEORGE W. HUNTER 832 4t% to 9% per year RELIGIOUS REIGN OF TERROR IN RUSSIA …….••• PAUL HUTCHINSON 835 for the rest of your life RUSSIAN VIEW OF EVANGELISM IN RUSSIA …………………….. 839 A reserve fund of over $1,500,000 guarantees WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM KOREA? the prompt payment of annuities to you. · •..•..••..•…•.••. H. KERR TAYLOR 843 THE MODERNIZED AFRICAN WOMAN Protect yourself against Joss through unwise investments and at the same time • ••••••••••. MRS. J.OHN M. SPRINGER 846 help send the gosDel to all the world.

'rIlE APPEAL OF INDIA ……•…•• For full r."n,formation w'r£te ……………. .. PAUL J. BRAISTED 850 Erne.t F. Hall, Secretary, De"t. 01 Annuitie.

MENNONITE WORK IN ARGENTINA BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T. K. HERSHEY 852 of the Presbyterian Church, U. S. A.

156 Filth Aveaue, New York TOPICS O~' THE TIMES …………. 854 The Bible To-day Dr. Matt's Missionary Projects The Ca.mpaign in Japan a cheer-bringer,an informer,an instructor Ll. Fo.rwOJrd Movement in Ohina —in a word–ca concise and thoroughly Youth Mo'vements in Europe evangelical, up-to-the-minute magazine , Unrest in Pa~e8tine that has as its readers and subscribers Church Union in Scotland those who wish to keep abreast of the times and in touch with strong and able ~I~:~~?'kt:~! ~O~~:'R:. i: J;'ii~so'; 859 moulders of Christian thoughts and lives, leaders in the evangelistic world to-day. WOMAN'S HOME AND FOREIGN MIS- SION BULLETIN ……………•.. 869 DON O. SHELTON, LL.D. Editor WORLD WIDE OUTLOOK ……….•• 877 The Missionary Review of the World, $2.50 BOOKS WORTH READING ……•.•• 893 BOTH $2.75 TEUMS.-$2.50 a year. ($2.00 in clubs of five.) Foreign postage, 50 cents. Single copies, 25 cents. Published monthly. Copyrighted, 1928, by MISSIONARY REVIEW PUBr.ISHING COl{w PANY, INC. All rights reserved THE MISSIONARY REVIEW PUBLISHING The Bible To-day $1.00 COMPANY, INC. SAVE 75c.

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LII, No. 11 November

THE MISSIONARY NIEW7te HUME OF AHMEDNAGAR BY REV. ALDEN H. CLARK, D.D., Ahmednagar, India, Principa.Z oj the Union Theological Colleuc~ Ahmcdn(Juar T OWARD the end of June the of the Kingdom of God and man, leading citizens of Ahmed- at home in the world." nagar, of every class and The record of his childhood takes creed, gathered to pay honor to us back to the pioneer years of misthe memory of Robert Allen Hume, sionary privation and heroic sacrinews of whose death in Boston, on fice. His father was of staunch June 24th had been cabled to India. Scottish ancestry and a man of The chief British official of the dis- scholarship and ability. His mother trict presided and addresses of ap- was aNew England Puritan of preciation were made by the culture and deep devotion. They leading Mohammedan, Parsi and volunteered for foreign missionary Hindu of the city. Dr. Hume had service in 1839 and sailed for Bombeen retired from Ahmednagar for bay in a two-masted brig, going some years but at this commemo- around the Cape of Good Hope and rative service his fellow citizens taking five months for the journey. gave striking expression to their The quality of Mrs. Hume's mis- appreciation of his life and service sionary spirit was indicated by the among them. fact that on the journey she was Dr. Hume was fond of calling the means of converting the Afhimself, "A Scotch-American-Indi- rican cook and she brought great an." He explained: "My forbears pleasure to the Sultan of Zanzibar were Scottish. I am an American by demonstrating the use of a piano citizen. I am a son of the Orient, that had just come to him as a gift born in India. Really I am a citizen from Queen Victoria.

of the Kingdom of God and of man, After fifteen years of fruitful at home in the world." Consulted and many-sided missionary service, and trusted by a succession of Mr. Hume was attacked by tropical Governors, the friend of eminent dysentery and was ordered by his Indian statesman and social re- physician to try a change to the formers, a leader among mission- cooler climate of South Africa, so aries, a devoted servant of the Mrs. Hume, with their seven small Indian church and well-known and children, of whom Robert was the influential in wide circles in Amer- eldest, embarked on a small sailing ica, Dr. Hume was indeed "a citizen vessel, Mr. Hume being carried on 821

a stretcher. The voyage was genious methods and exerting a stormy, the cabin small and stuffy. strong influence over his fellows, All were sick. Robert had a severe while at the same time, he showed convulsion. The father grew worse unusual ability in his academic and finally died. Amidst the weep- work. Mrs. Hume had moved the ing of the children the body of their home to New Haven to facilitate father was committed to the Indian the higher education of the chil- Ocean. Something of the quality dren. After graduating with dis- of the faith that Dr. Hume was to tinction from Yale, Robert Hume show through his life was then re- spent some time in teaching. His vealed when the little boy, feeling mother had, from his childhood, his responsibility as the oldest, said dedicated him to missionary serv- to his mother "All right, mother. ice and he, after a time when he God and I will take care of you." was allured by the prospects in the Weeks afterward, the widow and realm of law and politics, had her seven little children landed in wholeheartedly decided to go out to Boston and a prosperous uncle of- the work in which his father had fered to adopt Robert as his heir, laid down his life. His younger but Mrs. Hume decided to keep the brother, Edward, had made a simi- family together and they settled lar decision, but they had deter- down to a life of poverty and mined not to leave America without struggle in Springfield, Massa- making provision for the beloved chusetts. Often did Dr. Hume in mother to whom they owed so later years express his gratitude much. By 1874 they had saved to his mother because, instead of enough from their salaries as allowing him to be brought up in teachers to buy their mother a ease, she trained him in industry, home in New Haven. Robert mar- economy, mutual helpfulness and ried a daughter of the Marathi Mis- profound Godliness. One of the sion, and set sail for India, thus ways in which Robert helped was beginning what was to be over half by delivering copies of the Spring- a century of service so rich, so field Republican to subscribers. varied, so dominated by the spirit This meant getting up between of Christ as to place him high in four and five o'clock in the morn- the list of the great Christians of ing. In the winter his coat would his day.

sometimes freeze stiff upon his :Beginning Work in India body; and when there was a storm it would stand alone upright Immediately on landing in Bom- on the kitchen floor, on his return bay they were sent to Ahmed- home. Robert would not only be nagar, a city of some significance the first boy to report for duty, he in the history of India. It is the would have the cheeriest word for administrative headquarters for a all and the heartiest laugh at any district of three quarters of a mil- joke and because of his fitness he lion people and a military center of was soon made the foreman of all importance. This means that many the paper boys. civil officials and military officers As he went on into higher educa- live here and that the city has a tion he showed the same qualities considerable group of Indians of of enterprise and responsibility, education and of prominence in earning his way by various in- politics and business. However it

HUME OF AHMEDNAGAR

was not this fact that gave Ahmed- treated him as a member of their nagar its importance as a mission- family, giving him the sympathy ary center. It was rather that in and support that were of vital imthe city and surrounding villages portance to him in that crisis. Mr. Christianity had early met with a Tilak became a teacher in the greater response than it had found Theological Seminary and turned elsewhere in western India. A to Dr. Hume for advice and help in group of noteworthy missionaries every important situation. Much and Indian Christians had given of the remarkable effectiveness of leadership of high quality to the this great Christian poet was no Christian movement. Ahmednagar doubt due to the wisdom and symalready gave promise of being the center of training for Christian ROBERT ALLEN HUME service that it soon became. On reaching Ahmednagar Dr. Hume pathy of his equally great Christhrew himself into the life of the tian friend. What was true of Tilak church, began evangelistic work was also true of many other Inand cooperated in the organization dians, whether students of Dr. of a greatly needed theological Hume's or not. To all he extended seminary. One element in the a sympathy and an unstinted helpsignificance of Dr. Hume's mis- fulness. He was preeminently a sionary service is its continuity. friend, advisor and inspirer of any- For over fifty years Ahmednagar one who he could aid and counted was his base. He became "Hume no expenditure of time or effort of Ahmednagar" to the Christian for the sake of an Indian brother world. as too great.

During all his years of mission- Soon after arriving in Ahmedary service Dr. Hume gave much nagar Dr. Hume was asked to take time to the training of Chris- charge of Christian work in the tian leaders. He looked upon that work, as, on the whole, the most rewarding of his career. Over two hundred Indian ministers and evangelists were trained in the seminary under his inspIrmg leadership. Many of them went out to serve in positions of great responsibility in almost every church in Western India. Dr. Hume followed the careers of these men with affection and they, in turn, continued to look up to him for sympathy and advice. Among the most notable students of the Seminary was the late Narayan Waman Tilak, the famous Marathi Christian poet. He came to Dr. Hume immediately after his baptism. His own family for a time disowned him and Dr. and Mrs. Hume

Parner District, an area contain- church life of Ahmednagar. Sev- ing some seventy-five villages. eral times, when it was pastorless Christian development in this area he acted as pastor of the large had barely begun. There was one First Church. His greatest visible pastorless church, with eleven monument is the beautiful church members. Dr. Hume threw himself edifice, seating 1,300 people, which into this work with all his remark- was built under the stimulus of his able energy and ability to find fresh leadership. The congregation had ways of approach to the hearts and far outgrown the old building. The lives of the people. Schools sprang crowding, added to the inadequacy up. Friendships with all classes of the structure, made difficult the were established. People began to development of the spirit of wor- come out as Christians in con- ship. To the task of furnishing a siderable numbers. In his forty more fitting center of Christian years of connection with this dis- worship for the city Dr. Hume ad- trict Dr. Hume saw about a thou- dressed himself. The great new sand men and women brought into building is in the very heart of the church fellowship; he gave pri- city. Its special feature is a beauti- mary education to some thousands ful dome, symbol of the unity of of villagers, the best of whom were God. The whole is designed to give sent on into high schools and nor- to the Indian church a place of mal schools and are now found in Christian worship which is in har- positions of usefulness in many mony with the best things of her parts of India. He left behind him own past. As this prophetic build- a corps of Christian workers, a ing was being built Dr. Hume went group of churches and eighteen daily to look over the work with substantial buildings for Christian painstaking care. Standing amid work. A distinctive feature of this the piles of material he would pray district work was the way in which that this great undertaking might Dr. Hutne linked up individual be blessed of God to the develop- workers and churches in India with ment of a spirit of true Christian individual Christians and church worship and service. It is a most groups In America, thus making it appropriate decision of the Indian a very effective means for spread- church, made since the news of Dr.

ing inter-racial understanding and Hume's death was received, that sympathy. this beautiful building should be For many years Dr. Hume co- named the Robert Hume Memorial operated with the churches of Church.

Ahmednagar in Christian work. A Friend to All Village Christians drifted into the city in large numbers and he and Dr. Hume did not confine his in- his devoted wife concerned them- terestin Ahmednagar to the Chris- selves in many kinds of effort for tian community. He was the friend them as well as for those of the of all. . He served for some years older Ahmednagar community. on the Municipal Council. His pub- One of his last projects for the lic spirit received unprecedented good of the community was a hous- recognition when he was elected by ing scheme which he carried his fellow citizens as one of their through successfully. Dr. Hume representatives to the Indian Na- took especial interest in the actual tional Congress. In the meetings

HUME OF AHMEDNAGAR

'['lIE ROBERT A. HUME MEMORIAL CHURCH A'l' AIIMEDNAGAlt of the Congress he came into touch relief work for people without diswith able leaders from all parts of tinction of caste or creed, under India, many of whom became his the general direction of three difwarm personal friends. He would ferent committees. The total make a point of delivering a lecture amount of aid thus distributed was in the city where the Congress met almost two million dollars and the and he would print and distribute work was done so efficiently and to all Congress members and their wisely as to call forth a chorus of friends a prayer appropriate to the approval. This famine work left occasion. Those who had opportu- Marathi Mission a legacy of about nity to observe it wondered at the 3,000 famine orphans to be cared influence of Dr. Hume over Indian for and trained for useful citizenleaders from every part of that ship. To accomplish this Dr. Hume, great land. on his own responsibility, called to India two American experts, an A community service of Dr. agriculturalist and an industrial Hume's which attracted wide- engineer. Both of these men came spread interest was his remarkable to be recognized by the Governwork during the famines which ment as leading experts in their swept over wide areas in India own lines. It was especially in from 1897 to 1900. He was the recognition of his services in famprincipal administrator of famine

ine days that Queen Victoria later life was that for actual church conferred upon Dr. Hume the union. It was largely due to his Kaiser-i-Hind gold medal for public untiring effort that the United service in India. Church of Northern India, bring- Dr. Hume's creative mind was ing together about 200,000 Chris- bound to express itself not only in tians from a wide area and from such activities as we have here de- many varying backgrounds, was scribed but also in writing. For formed. It was natural that he a considerable period he was the should be chosen the first Modera- English editor of our Christian tor of the General Assembly of weekly, the Dnyanodaya. He wrote this United Church. Even after many leaflets which were so clear, his retirement and in spite of so simple, and so full of Christian physical handicaps he took the spirit that they were the means of journey from America to Lau- spreading the most vital Christian sanne as the representative of the truths among the educated classes United Church of Northern India of India. Dr. Hume was in the to the World Conference on Faith habit of sending these leaflets to and Order.

a long mailing list of Indian and This brief recital gives no ade- American leaders, often address- quate impression of Dr. Hume's ing them with his own hand. Dur- vital personality. There was some- ing his furloughs in America he thing in him that drew the affec- was asked to deliver courses of tion of those who came in contact lectures. These he prepared with with him. British officials, Indian great care, and published in two political leaders, churchmen in books that have had wide influence America, and humble Christian uIlder the titles "Missions from the converts in his district, all looked Modern View" and "An Inter- to Dr. Hume with deep affection.

pretation of India's Religious Why? Because he gave himself to History." them with equal warmth of friend- One more aspect of Dr. Hume's ship. "Comeraderie" was a word many-sided service deserves espe- he often used and to which his own cial notice-his part in the inter- attitude gave rich meaning. One denominational movements. He time he said to me, "So far as I threw himself with enthusiasm in- know myself I have nothing in my to everything that tended to bring heart but good will for everyone."

Christians together. He saw in I believe that this statement was the Christian Endeavor movement true. It was all the more note- when it first came to India some- worthy because Dr. Hume had thing that could help to develop those who criticised and opposed Indian initiative and interdenomi- him. Such a dominating person- national effort and gave it warm ality as his was bound to excite support, becoming for a time its some strong antagonisms. Yet no president. He was a prominent matter how vehemently anyone figure in all the earlier coopera- might attack him, Dr. Hume al- tive efforts among missions and ways remained his friend. He was one of the first presidents of was too large-spirited to cherish the Bombay Christian Council. But grudges.

the effort that called forth the From a record of his accomplish- most enthusias~ic service of his ments one can gain an idea of his

HUME OF AHMEDNAGAR

great efficiency, but one cannot Governor of Bengal, he said to gain an idea of the delightful him "Your Excellency, the finest humor that gave poise and balance code of statesmanship ever written, to it all. At one time Dr. Hume was which I commend to you in your called to testify before the Mon- dealing with the people of India, is tague-Chelmsford Commission that found in the thirteenth chapter of was gathering evidence prelimi- St. Paul's first epistle to the Corin- nary to the preparation of their thians." Dr. Hume impressed the plan of Reform of the Government leading officials as so deeply re- of India. As he came into the room ligious a man that they listened he saw that their minds were jaded with respect to such testimony as by the bewildering array of con- this. His preaching and his literary flicting testimony that was being work had the same prophetic quali- presented to them and he had the ty. It came out of the immediacy happy inspiration to make a joke. and vitality of his own religious Immediately the atmosphere was experience and so helped the reader changed and the minds of the com- or hearer to enter into a similar mission were prepared for his own experience.

statement. Once Dr. Hume went Growing out of his faith was his directly from the boat by which he victorious attitude toward life.

had arrived in Boston for furlough Death had no fear for him. It was to a training conference for out- but a doorway into a fuller life.

going missionaries. He stood Difficulties and discouragements among these young missionaries, a he accepted calmly and sought to short figure, in homely garb, and, turn them to account in bringing as he looked around his eyes began in the Kingdom of God. He was to twinkle and he said, "Friends, always ready to make great sac- its great to be a foreign mission- rifices in his single-minded de- ary." Then he went on to show in votion to Christ, yet one always simple fashion why he thought it had the impression that he made great. The outgoing missionaries light of sacrifices. They were will doubtless forget much of the merely an accepted part of a rich wise counsel they were receiving and happy life of service. Like in that conference. They will never Paul he counted them but refuse, forget the contagious enthusiasm since to him they were means of and the very human fellowship of closer fellowship with Christ. His Dr. Hume's talk. wife and his seven children en- A Source of Power tered to the full into his spirit. Five of his children have been mis- The deepest source of Dr. sionaries to India.

Hume's power lay in his sponta- Dr. Hume died in the Corey Hill neous and all pervading fellowship Hospital, Brookline, Mass., on with his Divine Father and his June 24, 1929 at the age of eighty- discipleship to Jesus Christ, the two. Following his strongly ex- Master of his life. Seldom did any- pressed wish his body was cre- one leave his study without having mated, and his ashes were taken in Dr. Hume offer a brief, simple, but an urn by his brother-in-law, Dr.

very real prayer. When Dr. Hume Edward Fairbank, to be deposited called on Lord Lytton, the then in Ahmednagar.

MEN AS WELL AS

BY FRED HAMILTON RINDGE, JR.'

" S FAR back as 1884 several classes, writing paper, athletic £'l. selected men were sent out goods and plenty of good cheer and by the Y. M. C. A. to serve uplifting influences were carried the Wisconsin lumberjacks. One far and wide. When this service of these hardy pioneers wrote the was at its height, the "Y" secre- following in his diary; taries traveled 50,000 miles in a Yesterday we walked eighteen miles single month visiting the camps, through the snow, and held a meeting and a total of 147,000 men particifor the boys in the evening. The roads were poor and our packs heavy. But the pated in the regular activities. All work is important and must be done. this resulted in better morale, hap- Two of our men joined the train bring- pier relationships and a larger outing the boys to town after pay day, put. Thus from small beginnings warned them about those who would rob them of money and character, and in- have come great accomplishments, vited them to make use of the "Y" room in the city. and the end is not yet!

In 1887 one worker had person- Y. M. C. A. service in the ally visited 156 camps in the Mid- lumber industry includes taking dle West and service had been or- the regular fivefold program of the ganized in Pennsylvania. These Association into the logging camps were small beginnings, with no and saw-mill towns. This program equipment except what the men carried on their backs. Since then, is adapted in different ways to local the "Y" work among lumberjacks conditions, and the work is always has made giant strides in Maine, supported by both employer and Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, employee, thus making it really mutual and democratic. Many Washington, Oregon and other forms of worth-while service are States. Scores of fine buildings promoted and even character-buildhave been established in towns and ing meetings are heartily enjoyed camps and hundreds of other by the lumbermen.

points have been served through The Secretary must be a real "extension work" from organized man. In one instance where log- Associations, or through State and gers were suspicious of a new Sec- International Secretaries. retary, the boxing gloves were DUring the war, the "Y" served brought out after supper, and the in over 200 camps on the Pacific "Y" man gamely took his turn and Coast where "soldier-loggers" were landed many a good blow. Then he getting out the spruce for Ameri- produced his cornet, played a few ca's aeroplanes. Secretaries were tunes, and asked the men to request stationed at strategic centers, and their favorite pieces. After a from there set out by auto truck hearty sing, the Secretary an- or on horseback to reach even the nounced that it was Sunday night most isolated camps. Movies, mag- and as the "Y" had a program for azines, entertainments, educational every day in the week, there would '" This article was sent to the REV1EW be a religious meeting. The "boys" shortly before his deuth folluwillg an operation in Septcmber.-EDITOR. readily responded and he gave a 828 short, straight-from -the-shoulder for a week. But a real "Y" man talk. adroitly organizes a Celebration Committee, and helps plan tugs-of- One day there came a sudden war, a parade, horse races, boxing call for help from the woods. The matches, open-air "concerts," ob- Secretary grabbed his stretcher stacle races, pie-eating contests, and with the "speeder," hurried etc., with the result that not only out to where the men were work· do the loggers remain in camp during. A big burly fellow had ing the holiday period, but when broken his leg. The "Y" man the whistle blows next day, every quickly bound it up with splints, worker is in his place with clear and with the help of another logger head and steady nerves. A lumber got the man back to camp on the manager recently said: "If the Secstretcher and later to the hospital. retary did nothing but that, it The injured man had been one of LOGGING MEN ENJOYING THE Y. 111. C. A. AT CAMP HUGH, ALABAMA the toughest in the bunch and had would be worth all the work costs. given all kinds of annoyance by Since the "Y" started in my camp, his deviltry. Some weeks later, as the average term of service of our he left the hospital, the logger loggers has increased several grasped the Secretary's hand with months!" a new resolve and said, "Things are going to be different when I Living conditions have been imget back to camp. I am for you!" proved in many places because of And things tvere different! the "Y" program. In one isolated camp the Secretary initiated a Logging camps are generally movement to build a new school. compelled to close down while the The funds were subscribed and men celebrate the Fourth of July much of the labor performed by and other holidays. On such days the men voluntarily after working the lumberjacks frequently "blow hours. This building was also used in" all their savings at one full for a Sunday-school and church, swoop and do not get back to work and was a great influence for good

among families of the community. shipyards. The Secretaries are Another service provided by the close to the men as is illustrated by Association and greatly appreciated by the men, was a dust-proof this letter from one of them: locker room with clothes hangers, where their best clothes could be The longer I follow this work, the kept in good condition until more firmly I become convinced that the needed. A Western Secretary welfare of the industrial man, whether physical, mental, social, spiritual, or ecowrites: nomic, must be sought through the me- dium of his family. If the workman In the past four days we have visited possesses a happy home life and does isolated camps twenty-five miles from not have the worry of domestic affairs a railroad. During our entertainments constantly facing him, he becomes a more I have seen men almost hysterical with effective worker. No amount of oratory relief from pent-up emotions and have and fine sentiment of the pulpit will let them laugh until they have laughed bring shipyard workers into the pews. it all out. And they have cried once in No high salaried officials sitting in cena while, too, hut care and worry and tral offices waiting to be interviewed will loneliness have faded. be of any great aid in this field. It is direct personal contact, not only with In one camp I met a lumberjack the worker himself, but with his entire who had not been home in twenty family that counts! The average man years. What does a fully equipped is floundering about aimlessly. Our job Young Men's Christian Associa- is to give him hope, purpose and hign tion and' a real, red-blooded, ideals. friendly Secretary mean to a man like that? "That 'Y' man is the Secretaries have spent many 'haulback' for all of us," exclaimed one fellow. Often, in spite of the hours in counsel and consultation company's best efforts, the down- with employers of labor, social pulling forces in the logging camps workers, labor organization offiare many and strong, while restraining influences are relatively cials, and with individual indus- few. One lad who came of good trial workers in an endeavor to get family was cursed with a weak will and low ideals. The strong the "feel" of relations and the cable of evil influences had landed him on the steep slide that plunges mental attitude of all classes. so many into the inferno of lost manhood. Profane of speech, im- There are times of discouragement, pure in thought and act, a poker fiend–he was going strong. It but all testify that the work is detold on his work and he was continually changing jobs. The Sec- cidedly worth while. One "Y"

retary helped switch him on to the man says: right track. When he came to himself the boy said: "Since coming After nearly a year of service in Close here many a hand has been contact and fellowship with thousands stretched out to pull me down, but of men daily, in the mill, in their homes, you alone have helped me to my in society, in sorrow and distress, in sickfeet again." ness and death, I have felt the heart throb of these people. I know their In addition to work in lumber thoughts, their habits, their desires, towns and camps, the "Y" has been their ambitions, their hopes and fears, rendering splendid service in the and after weighing all conditions, I am convinced that the most appreciative bunch of men in the world is this group that work, swear, and smile in my lumber town.

When a logging camp has acci- dents and law suits, and reports show that the operation is costing more than necessary, it is often due to lack of efficiency in the or- ganization. To secure maximum results, the enticements found in many camps must be eliminated.

If a man is employed in a saw-mill

THE PRICELESS BEQUEST

town or logging camp in which or- towns of 25,000. The work has der, sanitation, helpful amusement, succeeded with foreigners, Mexisociability and intelligence are un- cans and colored workers as well known, his standard of service as with native Americans. It has cannot rise above a thoughtless, made good with men of all reliirresponsible and correspondingly gions and of no religion. It has inefficient plane. Many loggers commanded the respect of both move from place to place, from no employer and employee and is still other cause than sheer mvnotony. going strong.

Most camps afford meagre op- One secret of the success of the portunity for the right use of lei- Association has been its non-patersure time, and yet, there are few nalistic basis and its unselfish places where more time is avail- Christian purpose. It does not take able. Already many employers are long for the men to discover that it cognizant of this, and are provid- is their organization. They help ing ways to improve the leisure support it, they run its activities, they reap the benefits. Needless to life and happiness of those who say the work of the "Y" by increaswork for them. ing education and improving char- acter, makes for both happiness A new era is upon us in the and efficiency. This means making world of industry, and the lumber better men as well as better luminterests will not be found lagging bermen. But the best results of behind. During the past decade, all, and the only work that abides, the agency that has made one of is when the men are led to know the largest and most successful Jesus Christ as their Friend and contributions in this field has been Saviour and to follow Him as their the Y. M. C. A. Specially adapted Divine Master. buildings have been established in camps of 250 men as well as in THE PRICELESS BEQUEST T HE Rev. William S. Marquis, of infinitely more value than any houses, D.D., who went to his Heav- lands or bonds I hereby devise or be- _enly home in August, left a queath to them. characteristically Christian "Last Will and Testament" by which he "Furthermore, I desire to testify in bequeathed to his children, with this formal document, when a man his earthly goods, a testimony "to weighs his whole life in the balance, to the truth and preciousness of the my joy in the service of Jesus Christ, Gospel of Jesus Christ." as a preacher of the Gospel and pastor, and also as a promoter of his great The will began with bequests of world-wide missionary enterprises repmaterial things and continued: resented by the benevolence boards of the church. "I desire also to bequeath to my children and their families, my testimony to "I do not need to remind my children the truth and preciousness of the Gospel how heartily their beloved mother joined of Jesus Christ. This heritage of the in all this service. We gave our lives to Christian faith, re~ived in an unbroken it. We systematically set apart more line from exiled and persecuted Hugue- than the tithe of our income to it. This not and Scots Covenanter ancestors, is was the highest joy of our wedded life. The service of Christ and His church made us partners of Christ and world citizens."

AND MONGOLS IN

.~·-Z- U'~'-G-~- R,';':-'- – 'L~.,_. /n DES E RT tf-;~;;-·- – – – -'- :…..-.-._.__ _ AKUl'……•……….r. – . – Q~'''''' Ro"t&ta..en _ _ Other rQads _ _ '.( Ft •__ •___._._ .1""'1""'" –'1'0 wmel ~oad5 ••• _" __ PI",es where we c~mJled n Camp S IN KIAN G , ZUNGARIA r,,.,*,.,,, ,/ I G.W.HUNTER SINI'IIANG IN MONGOLIA BEYOND THE OUTPOSTS OF CHRISTIANITY A STORY FROM THE DIARY OF REV. GEORGE W. HUNTER T IHWA-FU, the extreme out- stream of eastward migration car- post of the China Inland Mis- ried Mohammedanism into India. sion, lies in Sin-Kiang, a land These Moslem inhabitants still which is not properly in China at speak a language closely akin to all, and which in its mixture of Turkish, and have, by their reliraces, languages, and religions gious observances, somewhat modirivals the European Balkans. Once fied the Lamaism which prevails this district furnished the left over most of Mongolia. Another wing of Ghenhi Khan's conquering Moslem tribe in the district are the army, but other races have now Quazaqs, a strange race who may crowded in so that the Mongois are be related to the Tartar strain no longer in the majority. . underlying the Cossacks of Russia.

Many of these people in Tihwa- More recent settlers on this fu, and across the neighboring southwestern border of Mongolia Mongolian boundary, are Turgots are the Chinese, who came in after (or Turkis) who drifted in as a the Manchu empire finally consort of backwater when the great quered the district, and Russians 832

IN MONGOLIA BEYOND THE OUTPOSTS OF CHRISTIANITY

who have an eye on the undevel- of his robe, he pulled out a welloped mineral resources of the thumbed Kalmuk Gospel. region. He had bought it four or five Through a missionary career of years before from another Monmore than thirty years, George W. gol, and he carried it with him Hunter, a missionary of the China wherever he went, even when he Island Mission, has watched and was several days' journey away studied these peoples of various from home. races. The Quazaqs and Turkis, in particular, have interested him, On another occasion a band of and he has devoted a great deal of Quazaqs told the missionaries that time to translating portions of the they had bought some books the Bible into their language as well year before, and that they wanted as to distributing the Scriptures more. Still later they met a Rusamong all the peoples of western sian traveling in the company of Mongolia-a land in which there is some Quazaqs. Mr. Hunter gave not a single missionary. some Gospels to the Russian, who praised the book so highly and ex- One year, by way of summer pressed such deep gratitude that vacation, Mr. Hunter with his the Quazaqs also asked for books. fellow work'€r Mr. Mather traveled two thousand miles on horseback The religious leaders seemed as distributing Bibles and tracts in free from bigotry and as willing the isolated regions of the Altai to accept Christian books as the and Kobdo districts. The journey common people. At least three lasted three months and carried times on his journey Mr. Hunter the travelers through hot desert met Buddhist lamas who gladly acdepressions almost as low as sea cepted Gospels. Both on the way level and up over mountain passes to Kobdo and on the return trip which are above the line of per- the party stopped with a mullah, petual snow. The most remark- a writer in the head chief's yamen. able features of the journey were This man had previously helped the universal courtesy which Mr. Mr. Hunter with his translations Hunter and his companions met of the Gospels into Quazaq. On from members of all races and this occasion, as Mr. Hunter says classes and the willingness with in his diary, "He invited us into which representatives of all reli- his big, luxurious tent and regaled gions accepted the Christian Scrip- us with milk and mutton." tures. Government officials as well as On the very first day out Mr. religious leaders showed the party Hunter, with the aid of a little every courtesy. In the Altai dis- Mohammedan girl, sold three Gos- trict the military governor called pels in Chinese and one in Arabic. at the missionary encampment and A few days later in the Altai dis- both he and the Kobdo governor trict he met a Mongol from one of gave the party special passports. the Kalmuk tribes. Some idea of the remoteness of "Won't you buy a Gospel?" Mr. the area may be gained from this Hunter asked. entrance in Mr. Hunter's diary. "We visited the Russian consul (at "I have one," the Mongol replied, Kobdo) and he kindly gave us some and putting his hand into the folds Peking newspapers only a month old-the first we had seen for six 2

months. Themail from Peking to change, but the missionaries had no Kobdo goes by fast couriers and difficulty in making purchases by takes only one month." means of needles, thread, eye medi- cine, and matches as well as the Such a long journey in so remote Gospels which the people were ala district was naturally not with- ways willing to accept. out dangers. After leaving Tala Lake the party took the wrong Yet even in this remote teritory, road and got into the gorges of the where there are no railroads, where Bujantu River. Mr. Hunter's caravans of mountain camels bear diary for July 24th says, "Made a their loads of hides and wool and long detour today trying to avoid salt over the high passes, where the gorge, followed a path which herds of yaks graze on the table led us up a steep mountain. This lands, and where eagles are still path proved to be an old cattle trained for hunting purposestrack to some tents which had been even here the war has had a promoved away. We could not very found influence. In Kobdo Mr. well retrace our steps, so we Hunter met a number of Russian pressed on. The task got more dif- refugees, several of whom exficult as we ascended, and night- pressed great interest in his work. fall found us in a place where I At Altai, on the return trip, while fear the foot of man has seldom attending the christening of the trod. Huge boulders of rock Russian consul's son, he chanced to perched on ice and snow. There see a refugee woman trying to sell was no grass nor fuel, and our her sewing machine and household servant was much afraid. No won- goods. Later, on the road he met a der, for it was a really dangerous Russian general with a large party place. We divided a small piece of of military refugees on their way bread between us but did not eat to Kobdo. it, each thinking he had better save it until morning; so we went to During the entire journey Mr. rest hungry and tired." Hunter and his party disposed of six hundred portions of the Bible The next morning they found a -in nine distinct languages-as way over the east shoulder of the well as religious tracts in Chinese, mountain and later were fortunate Mongolian, Tibetan and Sarto enough to meet some Quazaqs who gave them mutton. The next day The willingness of these strange they came to a river valley in which they could gather quantities of nomadic tribes to hear the Chriswild rhubarb, onions, and mush- tian message, as well as the evirooms, and these added greatly to dences that even western Mongolia the diet of milk and mutton which will soon be in the path of Eurothey could get by trading with the pean civilization emphasize the im- portance of putting this country native peoples. Bartar, of course, on the Christian map of the world is common in this region, frac- by giving them resident mission tional currency being entirely un- workers and an opportunity to reknown. Compressed bricks of tea ceive the best elements of western are the most usual medium of ex- civilization before the worst ele- ments are thrust upon them.

REIGN OF TERROR IN RUSSIA*

BY PAUL HUTCHINSON, Chicago, Illinois I HAVE just come out of Rus~ But I have come out of Russia sia after two crowded weeks with the conviction that, before there. Entering by way of everything else, I must set forth Riga our party, under the leader- the facts as to the religious perse- ship of Sherwood Eddy, spent two cution which is now under way days in Leningrad, eight in Mos- and which is gaining in power. I cow, then sailed for three and a do this with a full sense of the re- half days about a thousand kilo~ sponsibility involved. . . . The meters down the Volga to Saratov. situation created by the religious Returning from Saratov-which is persecution now going on in Rus- within a day's steamship ride of sia is so serious that I dare not the Caspian-to Moscow, we came withhold this report a minute.

directly westward, crossing the As with almost every other so- Polish frontier and reaching War~ cial factor, there has been endless saw last evening. debate over the status of religion I have been tremendously im- in Soviet Russia. In the constitupressed by much that I have seen tion as originally adopted, freedom of religious belief and practice in Russia. There is power, drive was granted. The constitution has in the air-particularly in the now been amended, however, with Moscow air. People are not won~ the vague matter of "denominadering whether the golden days tional practices" substituted for are past, as they are in so much the former blanket religious guarof western Europe; for Moscow, antee. It is possible, of course, to at least, the best is yet to be. The construe such a term as amountgovernment creates this feeling of ing to a grant of religious libertypower. It seems to grip its task just as it has proved possible to with a directness, a completeness construe it in a diametricallydifof control beyond that of any other ferent fashion-but as a matter state we visited. There is a sense of fact, there is now under way as of achievement – in industry, in determined an effort to stamp out social reorganization, in producing vital religion as any government new cultural forms and norms, in has ever undertaken. The modern providing opportunity for mutual participation in the building of world has known nothing like it. what may become one of history's Not even in Mexico, where State great nations-that constantly as- and Church came into such direct serts itself, even in the face of the conflict, did the Government dream of attempting the work of reliobviously needy present. gious extermination which the *rrhls franl{ communieation from Paul Hut- Soviet Government is actively chinson diseusses the attitude of the Russian prosecuting. Government toward the Christian chUrches and all recognized religion. The author, an Ameri~ There is a certain sort of relican Christian with the viewpoint of America, gion against which the governhas spent two weeks in an attempt to learn ment seems to harbor no active what is beneath the religious persecution in animosity, probably because of a Russia, and has come out of that land determined to speak without fear. The commu- nication appeared in The Ohristian Oentury of September 18. 1929.

835

belief that it holds the seeds of cessful in the making of young death within itself. So long as the atheists than of young Commu- Orthodox churches are content to nists. Russia is actually rearing stay in the old ruts, and their an entire generation that affirms priests are content to confine their its belief that there is no God.

operations rigidly to the celebra- This is serious. But when you re- tion of an ancient liturgy largely flect that it is really the god of the couched in a dead language, the old church – the anthropomorphic State does not worry much about being who gave power to the tsar them. Even in such cases the life and held the common man under a of the priest, who is deprived of hideous spell of superstition-who all civic rights, is a hard one. But is thus being bowed out of Russian if he is willing to live in privation life, the present loss may be reand accept the derided status of a garded as a necessity for any fusocial parasite, the old-line priest ture religious gain. can go on. It is not of these things, so fre- The old style of Greek church quently reported before, that I am is acting, in the main, only as the now speaking. When I say that chaplain of the older, conservative, there is terrible religious persecu- and often densely ignor.ant por- tion now under way in Russia, I tions of the population-the people refer to the heavy penalties now who will die out within the next being inflicted on those who are twenty years, leaving no heirs, if attempting to minister to such en- Soviet expectations are realized. lightened Russians as still ac- But when a movement for a vital- knowledge a hunger in their souls ized, a modernized form of reli- and seek its satisfaction in reli- gion appears, that is something gion. Enlightened religion, vital else. Then you see the effort to religion, religion that is in thor- provide a modern education for the ough accord with many of the ex- priesthood brought to futility by pressed social aims of the Soviets, the Government's disruption of religion that can walk sure- teaching faculties; you see the so- footedly in the modern world- called Living Church movement religion of this sort is being perse- channeled off into various types of cuted systematically and savagely innocuousness. -as hundreds of bishops and Making a Godless Nation priests of the Orthodox church, of ministers of various Protestant This is not what I call religious bodies, and even of worshipers, persecution. Neither do I mean can testify.

the systematic anti-religious train- To mention names or places or ing to which all Russian children dates or occurrences connected are being subjected. Russia has with this persecution would be to now gone clear beyond the point precipitate drastic punishment on where teaching in the schools is persons in Russia; in several in- nonreligious. It is now made, by stances I have been warned that government order, aggressively any specific reference would be atheistic. Capable observers say tantamount to signing the death that investigation, whether in city warrant of those immediately con- or village, will show that 'the Gov- cerned. The world has already ernment has been much more suc- been told that the right of churches

RELIGIOUS REIGN OF TERROR IN RUSSIA

to carryon social work has been Iigion? Is not the Soviet Govern- abolished; that young people's so- ment strong? It certainly appears cieties under church auspices have to be stronger by far than any gov- been put under the ban; that the ernment in central Europe. Then teaching of religion to organized what can there be in the religion of classes, even in the churches, has these minority Protestant groups, been forbidden; that the work of or in that of the handful of genu- the traveling evangelist has been ine religious pioneers within the stopped; that the circulation of Orthodox church, that so arouses religious papers has been greatly its fears? To that question there reduced or their publication ended must be given a three-point an- entirely; that 300 Baptist preach- swer.

ers have been sent to jail; that 500 In the first place, the Soviet churches were closed last year. Government has been astonished, These things are true. But they and badly frightened, by the suc- are only a fraction of the truth. cess of the reform religious move- Eradicating Religion ments in Russia. This has been particularly true of the Protes- I am using words with care tants. Numerically, Protestants when I say that a reign of terror are still lost in the Russian mass.

has been instituted to eradicate But the rate of growth in recent the last vestige of vital religion years has been phenomenal. In from Russian life. For the sake ihe past two years this growth of the lives and safety of men and had begun to reach figures in the women in Russia, I must not give millions. If this rate had been names or specific instances. But maintained for another five years, I have personal, first-hand knowl- the Protestant constituency would edge that the Soviet Government have been numbered in the tens of is today closing churches whole- millions. A government committed sale; sending hundreds, and prob- to the establishment of an atheistic ably thousands, of persons to jail nation could not regard such an for the sole crime of religious ac- outlook cheerfully.

tivity; reverting to the old G. P. In the second place, the Govern- U. (secret police) terror, under ment has been aroused by the suc- which persons are arrested, tried cess of the Protestant churches in and sentenced without public trial, organizing the young people. It the employment of counsel, and was asserted by Bukharin at the frequently without letting even last convention of the communist the families of the accused know party that the· membership of where they are confined or with Protestant young people's societies what they are charged. A new had passed that of the Comsomols stream of exiles is starting for -the 'teen age organization of Siberia and Central Asia-exiles communists-and that the rate of who have never had a day in open growth was much more rapid.

court, and whose only offense has There was probably some exagbeen that of preaching or practic- geration in this, in an effort to se- ing a religion that showed signs of cure party action forcing govern- being able to maintain itself in the mental suppression of the societies, such as followed. But it is unface of the Soviet attack. Why this terrific attack on re- doubtedly true that the young peo-

pIe's societies of the churches were internationalism in this sense the growing at such a rate as to excite Soviets accept, even cheer, because the apprehension of the commu- of their economic necessity. Reli- nists, who place their hopes for a gious internationalism they regard communized Russia so entirely in as a threat.

the coming generations. For these reasons certainly, and In the third place, the reform- perhaps for others, the Soviet Government is today systematiing groups-particularly the Prot- cally subjecting the most vital eleestants – came under suspicion ments in Russian religion to because of their international con- relentless persecution. It is using nections. The Russian Govern- ment considers every other gov- the secret processes of the secret ernment in the world at war, con- police to do this-so secretly that structively, with it. It is not only multitudes in Russia have no idea afraid of future war; it conducts of what is going on. Whether this itself as if war is now going on. persecution has reached its full To have international connections strength it is impossible to judge. is, therefore, in a sense to be trad- But Protestants and the reforming ing with the enemy. From this priests are accepting their jail point of view, Russian Baptists terms, their banishments, their probably never had a worse dis- punishments of whatever kind service rendered them than when with complete courage and with the Baptist World Alliance last incredible calmness. year elected one of their number as its vice-president the reb y There is probably nothing that drawing attention to their con- the Christians of America can do to help their imperiled Russian nection with the "capitalist" world. In Moscow's anti-religious brethren at this juncture. If the museum, where the Government Federal Council of Churches sent the proper sort of letter to the seeks by all sorts of posters and Russian authorities, it might help exhibits to drive home the idea of the enmity of religion to the to make clear to them the effect welfare of the people, space in which such a policy, if persisted the corner devoted to attacking in, is bound to have on American the Baptists is given to a picture opinion. Or it might not have any of Henry Ford. Why? Because effect whatever. The Soviet Gov- Ford is said to be a Baptist! (The ernment is under the mental strain of a state of war with other na- Government is mistaken in this.) tions. Once this strain is eased, But the argument runs-Ford is the Government will feel less neca Baptist; Ford is a foreign capitalistic magnate; to be a Baptist, essary the stern repression of certherefore, is to be allied with for- tain elements. Out of that might eign capitalism. Q. E. D. The quickly come a lessening of the irony of this is clear when one drive against religion. Meanwhile reads the enthusiastic comments gentle women and noble men are of the Moscow press on Mr. Ford's being sent by the hundreds, percontract with the government to haps by the thousands, to the lone- build a factory at Nizni Novogorod liness of exile because they have for the production of up to 100,000 dared to preach or profess the Ford cars and trucks a year. But Christian religion.

A RUSSIAN VIEW OF EVANGELISM

RUSSIA I T IS of interest to see the evan- of social work. Their Gospel gelistic movement in Russia meetings are open to all who wish from the view-point of its ene- to come. This propaganda work mies, the atheistic rulers of that is done in the churches, in public country. The M 0 s cow paper places, among the workers in the Trude, says: "During the years of open air, or at the the doors of the Revolution the Church (i. e., their meeting rooms.

the Orthodox State Church) lost "A great part of their work- many of its adherents. The Sec- we should say their chief work-is tarians (Protestants), however, done among the young people. It have increased tremendously in is here that they use all their number…. There are about six strength, and they speak of 'the millions of them now in this coun- future generation' in every ser- try, not counting the nine millions mono This activity is often suc- of 'old believers.' [Those who, in cessful. It is a fact known to us the 17th century, refused to submit all that one of our 'Komsomolka'

to the secular reforms in the Or- (young Communist female leader) thodox church, introduced by the from the factory 'Presse' has gone patriarch, Nikon.] They take their over to the Evangelicals.

religion seriously, do not smoke, "The sectarians find it easy to and are distinguished by a strict gain new members from among morality. Before the revolution the unemployed, the seasonal work- the 'sectarians' did not number ers, coachmen, gardeners, etc.

more than one million. Their preachers even penetrate the "Former monarchists, social rev- workmen's barracks and converse olutionaries, police officers, and with them during their work. At members of the erstwhile nobility, the Red Gate (where our Labor are the leaders of these sectarians. Exchange is) a group of sectarians They know how to adapt them- are at work, and these members selves quickly to the spirit of the have adapted themselves especially times. They have the methods and to the type of work they are doing forms of the committee system and there.

party organization, and carryon "There is a large group of sec- active propaganda. tarians in a number of factories, "In a number of provinces (as chiefly of the textile industries, Smolensk, Bryansk, Twer, and oth- with their great number of work- ers) , they hold conventions where men from the country villages. In they discuss such problems as or- the weaving mills at W- I myself ganizing schools, hygiene, improve- know such a group of sixty per- ment of agriculture, and many sons (and credible accounts make others that are really the concern the number even larger), consist- of the Soviet authorities. ing mostly of women. The sec- "Every member of their commit- tarian preachers simply enter the tee is over-burdened with all sorts houses, and around the samovar 839

hold long conversations about tribute themselves in every nook Christ, the New Testament, and and corner of the hall. Thence the future life in Paradise. They they bombard the speaker with take no entrance fees to their Gos- questions, both verbal and writ- pel meetings, and everyone is wel- ten."

come. Even in such factories as The editor of the German Gospel 'Sickle and Hammer,' there is al- Weekly from which this account is ways a group of sectarians and taken, makes his own comments: their number increases every- "Evangelical Christians in the where. Russia of our day number at least "Their activities have extended six millions, and according to some much during the last few years. enemies, 10 millions. God has done They even dare to enter the lists a great work, and that is all the against the anti-religious cam- more remarkable because there paigns. If anywhere lectures are have been no mass conversions, as given against religion, they, too, has sometimes been the case under appear with their counter-propa- a more tolerant government. In ganda. Not content with that, they this case, confessions bring only undertake even to arrange for persecution and disadvantages.

some sort of discussions in the fac- "In the eyes .of their persecutories, chiefly· making use of the tors, Christians now are in Russia mid-day recess. (as they have been at all times and "In this manner our orators, everywhere) abominable crea- during the anti-religious compaign tures, full of malice and craftiness.

in Moscow last Christmas, were re- The 'virtuous' ( ?) communists peatedly faced with the opposition seem to have a hard time of it with of these sectarians. At the anti- these sectarians. With all their religion meetings of the mechanics might they carryon this campaign and housewives. where 1,300 per- against 'religion,' calling it 'the sons were present, a young secta- people's opiate.' But vain is all rian, after the lecture of Comrade their effort-the wicked (?) sec- L– carne forward and attempted tarian neutralizes all their well- to prove that 'even if some reli- meant attempts. Then Evangeli- gions are harmful, this could not cals are mightier than the Commu- be said of all of them.' Similar nists, because they fight with the scenes were enacted in a second Sword of the Spirit-the Word of meeting of the same district in the God.

P- works, where three sectarians "There are many signs that difmade counter-speeches, and also in ficulties and distress are multiplyother parts of the capital. In the ing on every hand in Russia. The general assembly of the workers in Government, through erroneous 'Sickle and Hammer,' they even measures, has become the enemy handed a resolution to the chair- itself of large sections of the peoman and demanded that it be pub- ple, and in consequence senses enelished officially. mies everywhere. The result. is a "All such demonstrations are severe conflict that brings unspeak- carefully organized and prepared able sufferings to the people. Be- before hand; the sectarians corne ing atheistic in principle, the rulers to the meetings in groups, and dis- of Russia see opposition and op-

A RUSSIAN VIEW OF EVANGELISM IN RUSSIA

ponents in every church and Chris- cerned. The spirits one has intian community, and fight them with every means at their disposal. voked refuse to be dismissed. This is by no means confined to the Evangelical movement, but the They threaten to devour the sor- Greek Orthodox Church no less so, and the latter has thus again be- cerers that have called theIII"out of come a 'martyr church.' It is easy to understand that the common the bottomless pit. Only the Gospeople (who for the greatest part belong to that church), have be- pel (the despised, hated Gospel) come embittered through these persecutions. can help.

"Knowing the philosophy of the "Even the young generation leading elements in Russia one does not marvel that immorality (espe- feels the horrible burden of these cially among the young people) is becoming a serious concern, even conditions (at any rate the better to the government. Whole columns of the Soviet newspapers discuss element do). One girl student this question. They emphasize that this moral swamp completely writes: undermines the prestige of the ruling party-the communistic group. It is the custom among us, to look down with a sort of malicious contempt "But how shall they get out of on everything that makes for beauty or this morass? That remains the order, either in clothing or housing. In 'doctor-problem' for the men in our campus one sees nothing but dust, power to solve. dirt, disorder-beds and rooms never tidy. The reason is NOT that important "It was the 'unrestricted liberty' work does not leave us time to remedy in contrast to the 'aristocracy no- this, but because it is supposed to be tions' that they have held out as a our duty to despise everything connected bait for the young people, to make with aesthetics. I do not understand them support their cause. All why this should be so, since our govsorts of facilities and privileges for ernment (a proletarian government at entry into schools and universities, that) being poor to the point of begging. as well as in appointments to the yet spends any amount of effort and various posts and offices in these money to make everything around us and other government institutions, look aesthetic and beautiful. But in our granted to members of communis- speech the most filthy language is most tic organizations, helped to swell approved, and if any girl (very few their ranks. But now these young dare to do it) protests, things only grow communists of the government will worse. They set out systematically to not hear of anything that the gov- inure the victims to ()Ur "mother tongue." ernment may want to do to put any check on these liberties obtained. This contempt for all that is beauti- ful, pure and healthy has for a result "However, anyone with his eyes that the same malice, coarseness and open can see that these things, if shamelessness predominates in an .intiallowed to go on unchecked, will mate intercourse. One is literally afraid lead to absolute dissolution, into a to manifest to one's bosom friend anymoral bog that will engulf all con- thing like tenderness, forethought, or consideration. There is no love among us. We only know the relations of the senses, for according to our philosollhy, love is contemptuously stigmatized as "psychology," whereas we should only be concerned with "physiology." Anyone who looks for anything else in the rela- tion of the sexes, is denounced as mentally inferior.

"The last clause of the words the poor girl quoted above, show like a flash of lightning the tap-root of all the bitterness Russia is reap- ing. This is the doctrine of this root of bitterness, i. e., that man has only a body, and neither soul nor spirit. It is the most horrible lie of Satan."

Another writer says: "It always ers, and it seems even that the is dangerous to see the actual situ- Tcheka is letting the religious ation in Russia in a too scheming groupings grow for a certain time way, fbrgetting that we are in to better seize their adepts. front of two hostile forces: those of the Bolshevist oppressions and "We recently had in our possesthose of the same elements of the sion a letter where was written Russian nation. These forces are something like this: 'The believers in constant fight, and the fact that are getting on with their task, but the Bolshevists today have the they perfectly know that arrest power does not prove that their and death are watching for them adversaries are entirely crushed. every day, and that they must be It would be, besides, disregarding ready to join their brothers who the real power of the religious are already suffering in the prison faith to think that it could be taken of Solovki or in Siberia.' out of the soul of a folk of 150 millions people by Soviet decrees and "Up to now the principal effort terrorist acts, so bloody. of the persecutors of the faith in Russia was directed against the "If the Soviet Government has Orthodox church. In tolerating not feared 'plunder and murder to the adepts of the different sects be used for weakening the religious they thought that they would organizations of Russia, the be- weaken the main religious organilievers have also proved an ex- zation. In 1928 the Soviet power traordinary tenacity and devotion, discovered its error and the fact and as they are a majority of the that religion, under any form, confolk, the Soviet power has been tains ideas that are incompatible obliged to admit that it was im- with Bolshevism. Actually the possible to deChristianize Russia Soviet press is constantly insistin a day. ing, with regard to all religious groupings, that tolerance of any "When the Tcheka murdered religious pUblications is unforgivpriests, new ones were taking their able, and is demanding their defiplace; the Soviet authorities shut nite suppression. Thus we have a the churches and cloisters, the be- copy of the Pravda, the official orlievers gathered wherever they gan of the Russian communist could, and the monks were recon- party, of Feb. 5, 1929, which constituting communities; at last tains a very violent article on that where it was getting impossible to subject. Its author finds the recelebrate the mass officially, and pressive measures insufficient. where the Orthodox communities were quite disorganized because of "It is. needless to sayan which the persecutions, Methodist or side must be the support of the other groupings arrived, and so re- Christian believers of Europe and ligion under a new form recon- America. quered the lost places. Yours sincerely, "The prisons are full of Believ- THE PRESIDENT, (Signed) Th. Aubert.

CAN WE LEARN FROM KOREA?

BY REV. H. KERR TAYLOR, Tsingkiangpu, Kiangsu, China Missiona.·y of the Presbyterian Ohurch, South SOMEONE has said that the Japa- nomenal work. I notice in some nese have a genius for governing, statistics that I picked up over there that the "board grant for current the Chinese a genius for being mer- work, per baptism," in 1927, was for chants, and the Koreans a grace for the being Christians. Canadian Presbyterians …… . $153.00 The Korean church everywhere is Southern Methodists, U. S…. . 138.00 interesting and the missionary to Australian Presbyterians …. . 119.00 China has much to learn in every Southern Presbyterians, U. S.. . 107.00 place. It is a wonderful thing to see, Northern Methodists, U. S…. . 106.00 Northern Presbyterians, U. S. as you pass on the train through villages and towns, the neat little only …………………. . 15.00 churches that stand out on the hillsides and give the landscape a touch For "board grant for current work, that belongs to long ago evangelized per communicant," the figures in the places. same order were: $13.27; $10.67; But perhaps the most interesting $12.82; $8.29; $7.12; and for the and helpful J)lace to visit is Pyengyang, Northern Presbyterians, whose work Northern Korea. Other near-by towns centers in the fine Pyengyang field, have fine work, but Pyengyang is their only $1.35. The work has gone forcenter. A college and theological semi- ward with a small Board grant. nary are there. foreign school, etc. It is a small oriental town, about 80,000 The question that concerns us is, people, and is the second city in the can that work be duplicated in China? little country. In that town there are What has caused the church to grow twenty self-supporting churches. I at- so in Korea as compared with parts tended seven or eight of these, met of the work in China, India, etc? their independent though cordial What has been done to put their work pastors, and thanked God for such a ahead and on so firm a basis? sight. Those churches were built practically entirely with native gifts, As someone has said, Korea is at and in two of the twenty churches I once the admiration and the despair saw the notice boards telling of over of all interested in mission work in 1,100 and 1,200 in attendance on the the world today. How can one account previous Sabbath. In one of the for the streets after streets of closed churches I saw over a thousand in at- business doors on the Sabbath in tendance at the main morning service; Korea, and the difficulty in China of they had had the same number at the bringing men to an appreciation of the Sunday School service a short time be- value of the day of rest? I want to fore. At night I slipped back just to jot down a few impressions gained from listening and observing and read- ing in Korea and here in China.

see that church filled again to the First of all, they magnify the Bible; doors, without foreigners, and with a they believe it, take pains to teach it, reverence that made you feel that here emphasize Bible classes, are reverent- after all was something genuinely ly jealous for it, and endeavor to live indigenous. strictly by it. This is certainly a fea- Pyengyang is the stronghold of the ture of the Korean work. Some of work of the American Presbyterian their Bible classes are quite remark- Mission, North, and I may as well sayable.

here that the Northern Presbyterian One thing that struck me especially work in Korea struck one as phe- in regard to the missionaries in Pyeng- nomena!. pven among generally phe- yang, as well as in other parts of 843

Korea; the missionaries believe the the Sunday service, the local elders or Bible through and through, and their leaders take charge. work is projected on a well understood loyalty to the whole Scriptures. There The missionaries learned from Dr. is no disposition to cavil over difficult John L. Nevius, this lesson of the inplaces and seek obvious solutions to dispensability of self-support to a real difficulties. They are impatient with church. They say frankly that the careless handling of the Word of God, mistakes of the China and India misand I believe God is blessing them ac- sion fields led them-in their more cordingly. Not even so-called minor recent mISSIOn venture-to avoid concessions to liberalism, are tolerated building over native groups of beby the Korean General Assembly. lievers a superstructure that was not theirs and that would not be carried Second, they require self-support; locally. They started right. they not only preach and urge it, but they feel that there is no church work Third, let me add another unquesworthy the name that does not pay its tionable feature of the work. It is way as it goes. that the Holy Spirit has signally blessed the Korean field. His doings They do not-that is, the missions are marvellous in our eyes. The home do not-employ seminary graduates churches have also inevitably reas preachers. They will support a boy sponded with adequate men and means or a man through school and seminary, to reap a rich harvest waiting to be but when .he gets his seminary reaped. The mission workers have diploma, he has the native church spent their time not so much in evanalone to look to for his support if he gelistic scattering of seed, as in teachis to get any for his preaching. ing and garnering and building the church, under God. They have been Another thing, each evangelistic almost unable to take care of the enormissionary is given Yen 70 per month mous demands on their time for such with which he may support two advanced work. The Spirit of God has helpers or secondary native preachers. certainly moved in that land. One can That amount would never support two give only outstanding characteristics seminary graduates. And they call these men "helpers." They actually of the Korean work. help the missionary. They are not They have in Korea a form of script helpers with another title. Yen 35 a month is about Mex. $20. And that writing, much like the script that has is all the money these missionaries been with such difficulty pushed in have for their country evangelistic China. But this is used everywhere in work, outside of itineration and Korea. It is called Unmoon. It has similar personal items. No "chapel made possible a Bible reading and rent," "purchase" items, etc. They Bible studying church. It is at once gradually add a third such helper or evident what an enormous lever this native preacher as the work develops, is. China simply must solve this neceshaving the churches to make up the sity for an easy script. amount needed. When a fourth man is wanted, they stretch the Yen 70 Another feature is, that there has over the four men, the churches com- been in Korea during these recent ing up with the amount to increase years a large amount of peace and the Yen 70 to twice that amount, etc. order and business, thanks to the Some places have six or more such governing ability of the Japanese workers, and the same original Yen rulers. While bandit and war ridden 70. The churches able to have pastors, China has become day by day more or groups able to have them, have impoverished, and property holdings simply graduated from this lower class have become more and more insecure into self sustaining units or groups. for many reasons; in Korea the If there is no preacher on hand for church has been able to save and build and keep what it has saved and built.

Are the Koreans better off than the

WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM KOREA ~

Chinese? That is hard to say. They is sanguine, quick, versatile, idealistic, are all poor; all in debt. Thanks large- volatile, patriotic, daring,-a land ly to Japan, there are many improve- where mystical and imaginative Budments that China does not have. The dhism has thrived; and whereas China advance of the Korean work can not is phlegmatic, careful, patient, perbe explained on the basis that they are severing, rational, utilitarian,-a land better off than the Chinese. The where Confucian rationalistic philos- Koreans fear Chinese economic ex- ophy has for so long held sway; the ploitation as much or more than they Korean partakes of both and is overdo Japanese military usurpation of come of neither; he is rationally idealtheir rights and authority. The istic, more like the Anglo-Saxon; a Korean is no match for the Chinese economically, and what the "poor" or combination of rationality and emounpractical Korean has done, would tionalism. seem-other things being equalequally possible to the thrifty Chinese. The Korean is not stingy. He And this is significant, the better off doesn't bother about money to a great Koreans have built better churches, extent. He likes to give and gives the poor Koreans in their villages have liberally. To be stingy or niggardly, put up typically native buildings. is with him to be mean, worse than to· be a libertine or to lie or to steal. Another thing that struck me was Money with him was made to circuthe homogeneity of the field, and the late; he is lavish with his own or anhomogeneity of the work and workers. other's money, we were told by those It is largely a rural field; the Koreans who know! for the most part are tillers of the soil, a class that has always built This may help to explain the rapid strong, dependable churches. Korea has but one or two large cities. They and phenomenal nature of some of are not bothered much with modernism the church's growth, but it is not the and all its attendant impracticalities. There is very little directing of the secret of that success. After all it is work and thought of the church from not so much phenomenal success we the cities. They don't worry over are after as a real, self-sustaining, such things as who is going to control, or over "devolution," foreign funds, indigenous church. In Korea we have and the like. The churches pay their a demonstration of what a really inown bills and manage their own af- digenous mission projection should be. fairs. Most of the mission work, too, I have been thinking constantly of that has been done by one or two of the so different mission projection,-the major groups of the Protestant church in Moslem lands, the stunted church; this, too, has made for church growth in Moslem lands. The homogeneity. lesson of all lessons that I learned in Korea was that, whether large or There is one other thing I want to small, whether phenomenal or stunted, touch on that is paramount. There a church, not a preaching hall, not a seems to be something in those missionary's chapel, but a church- Koreans that makes them more tract- isn't a church if it doesn't pay its able, more teachable than the Chinese. own way and manifest that very I think this does help to explain to a practical necessity to any sort of orcertain degree the large growth of the ganism, LIFE. They must build their Korean church. As some one has own church. It may be slow, it may pointed out, Korea is not only geo- be inconvenient, it may not look well, graphically midway between China but it won't be a "foreign church" it and Japan-northern China and will not know what such a term means, Japan, but she is philosophically mid- for it is a church, a group worshiping way between them. Whereas Japan God and paying all its bills, and mani- festing that it has found something worthy of the investment of its money and life.

MODERNIZED AFRICAN WOMAN-

AN ASSET OR A LIABILITY?

BY MRS. JOHN M. SPRINGER ~fi88ionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Rhodesia T HE really pertinent question The life of the African woman seems to me to be, Is modern- has been largely one of hard work ization an asset or liability to and few pleasures. On one occa- the African woman? sion, when we were camping by a Even Solomon would, I think, stream off the main trail, a woman hesitate to give a definite answer appeared and begged us to let her to either of these questions but we go with us for three days in order must face the fact that Africa is be- that she might escape from the ing rapidly modernized and it is im- chief who was a cruel tyrant.

possible to stay the tide in which Pushing back her hair, she showed the African woman, as well as the where he had cut off both her ears African man, is caught in the back- and recently had threatened to cut wash. off her nose. She said that if she could go a three or four days march In the tribal life, the African with us, she could escape to friends woman has, for centuries, been scarcely more than a slave, a chat- where he would not follow her.

tel. It may be true that there are In most of the tribes, the African tribes in which the lobolo paid for woman has no rights over her own the wives insured protection to the children. She must cultivate the woman and a state of virtue. But fields and raise the food with which we have known personally several to feed them but her husband, her tribes where there certainly has parents or other relatives dispose existed the idea of ownership. of the children. A brother has a Among the Bafiote the writer was right to sell his sister to provide a told by one of the young men that wife for himself and many a father if a woman did not bear her hus- has done the same. A man is rich band a child inside of two years he according to the number of wives could take her back to her father he owns.

and demand a refund of what he One of the pioneer missionaries had paid for her. in Rhodesia said: "The African We have known numerous cases woman has to raise grain for her in Rhodesia where there has been husband to buy more wives, to endless litigation handed down two raise more grain to buy more and three generations in order to wives, to raise more grain to buy get such a refund so that sometimes more wives-a vicious circle." girls are even obligated for old Life in an African town or vildebts before they are born. Some lage is one of deadly monotony.

of the complexities of heathen mar- Most of the huts are small and the riages can be dimly comprehended villages are decidedly unsanitary; by the fact that one woman, who there is little or no privacy and did not look to be out of her thir- many social customs are too revolt- ties, had been given successively to ing for description. It has been some thirteen husbands. quite popular to state that the Mri- 846 can is unmoral rather than immor- not gladly exchange a hot, foul, al, a statement as false as it is dirty goatskin for a bright, pretty catchy. We have never yet found cotton cloth? When men are a tribe where there was not a well drafted to work in the mines, it is defined, decent code of morals. We becoming increasingly easy to per- suade their women to go with them. A WHITE MAN'S MISTRESS-A MENACE Along the newly-made motor have yet to find any tribe where roads we see a steady procession there was any serious, general at- of men, women and children headed tempt to live up to such a code. As toward the commercial and mining to a recent widely-circulated report towns. These motor roads have that the cannibals are a highly mor- been made largely by the women al people the facts prove quite the and the old men and the honk of contrary. the motor car has not only given the African woman a tremendous Back in her native kraal, the Af- thrill but it is the call to a new rican woman has had little or noth- world beyond her present ken. She ing to wear except skins or a bit listens at night to the accounts of of grass cloth or bark blanket. these towns as Meccas where no woman has to work, where every- one is rich, where there are plenty of gay clothes, gay tim€s and all can eat white bread. It is not strange that many follow the men and the will 0' the wisp that leads to the bog of the artificial city life. Broad is the motor road that leads to destruction and many there be The Coming of Civilization A CHRISTIAN WIFI1J-A BLESSING Now into this sordid background that travel thereon. At the end of comes the advance agent of civili- the way there are dazzling electric zation, frequently a trader or a lights with a minimum of hard lagovernment official collecting taxes. bor and a maximum of temptation These will be closely followed by for the woman to sell her body and the labor recruiting agent soliciting labor for the building of railroads or work on the mines. These men have attractive clothing and blankets and the labor bureau agent will be very generous in making presents. What woman would

soul for a morsel of meat to eat or icent church structures, these a glad rag to wear. needlessly costly piles of stone and In this artificial life children are masonry, that are being erected all decreasing in number. One govern- over America and Europe in His ment official told us that among 600 Name and largely at their expense?

women on the Busanga tin mine, What could be done and what there were only ten births in the should be done is seen by the small past year. The world has gone army of bright, happy Christian pleasure made and the African girls walking briskly down the woman is also being sucked into beautiful avenue at Lovedale and a the maelstrom. few other similar Christian insti- Some may be amused at the sight tutions in Africa. These young of a dusky beauty arrayed only in women are Christianized rather a black velvet evening gown, bare- than modernized. They are march- headed and barefooted, riding a bi- ing forth to help uplift the race.

cycle at full speed through the They are taking their places in the streets of ElisabethviIIe, but the schools, the hospitals, the shops, laugh dies as we see a white gov- the offices and best of all in the ernment official with whom she homes where they will be Christian lives intrQducing her to some of the mothers caring for their families.

men of his acquaintance while they No race or people can rise above all stand on the street laughing to- its womanhood and these women gether. That man has a wife and are the richest asset of that fabu- children in Europe. lously rich continent.

This gay life does not last long. But-"how shall they call on Disease soon catches the poor wom- Him of whom they have not heard?

an on the rebound and she is tossed And how shall they hear without aside, a mere bit of human wreck- a preacher? And how shall they age, while a younger and fresher preach except they be sent?" And victim takes her place. During the how can more missionaries be sent rest of her life she is a serious li- to save the African woman unless ability from a physical as well as there can be more given for the from a moral standpoint, spread- world-wide extension of Christ's ing disease appallingly. Thousands Kingdom and less for our own self- of hands are stretched out to drag indulgences?

her down to the lowest depths to The Christian African woman is which any woman can fall, but the a wonderful asset to the commu- thing that breaks the hearts of the nity and country at large. She missionaries is that there are so stays with her husband, looks after pitifully few hands held out to save her home and her children and is her from the fall or to raise her in a power for good.

the hour of her disillusionment When we first saw Nyinza, she wlien she is wanting to be helped. was still the mistress of a white Is it strange that as we think of man. Then she came to our church, the many appeals that have been became an inquirer and asked to made to us to either take these join the church. She was tired of young women, or the little girls on a life of sin and wanted to marry the mines, away from the reeking a man of her own race. A few atmosphere of sin and vice, that months later she married one of we fail to enthuse over the magnif- our Christian men who had known

MODERNIZED AFRICAN WOMAN-ASSET OR LIABILITY?

all about her and felt that he could girls the way of real life and right- trust her now that she had turned eousness. to Christ. She has justified that trust. Her relatives tried hard to Every day in Elisabethville and get her back into the old life, and Likasi, those great mining centers it is useless to deny that she was in the Congo, one can see a troop sorely tempted, but she won out and of women and children going to the is today a fine helpmeet for her day school with their primers, pastor-husband and the mother of hymn books and New Testaments his children. in hand. These women are changed. Many of them have been Another woman in the interior dragged down by the lure of the at Kapanga was so vicious and im- towns but have been pulled up and moral that she even scandalized the saved by the grace of God. natives. One day she gave her The modernized African woman heart to Jesus Christ and I wish without God and without Christ is the world could have heard her a great liability both to her own teach the Sunday-school lesson lat- people and to the white race as er at Kapanga. Both missionaries well. The modernized African and natives testified that her life woman who has been saved was entirely changed and that through the power of Jesus Christ whereas she had been going about is a tremendous power for good in bent on mischief and immorality, her community-an asset to the now she was going up and down white race in the country at large. helping her sisters still in heathen- . dom, and telling of Christ who JESUS I KN9W could take away sin from the heart. (Acts xix. 15) Muledzwa was only a drunken Jesus I know, who made His path to reprobate, the mother of half a doz- shine, en children by as many different men, when I first knew her. Now Who was Himself God's great redemp- she has truly become a new crea- tive plan, ture in Christ Jesus and with her daughter Nenhu, who is also a Who walked the earth, pure human, yet Christian, is a decent, clean-living divine, chieftess among her own people, cleilnly clothed and at last in her A selfless, sinless soul, the perfect right mind. Man.

There was the Imp, foul- But know I Jesus as the living Christ? mouthed, filthy of body and mind Exalted now to share the Father's when I first knew her. She was throne?

then about twelve years old and a Lord of all life, who once was sacrificed, more offensive child I have never Who claims all hearts and kingdoms seen. She was disgusting in speech for His own? and conduct. She is now the wife of a pastor and a teacher in the Could I but know Thee, Jesus, as Thou school, a highly respected wife and mother of a fine little family. She art, keeps herself and her children clean and finds time to help teach other The living Christ, my Saviour, Lord 3 and King, Then should I serve Thee with a glow- ing heart, And live the Glorias which the angels sing. _ -Henry Burton, in the British Weekly.

APPEAL OF

A LETTER FROM REV. PAUL J. BRAISTED, Madras, India Missionary oj the American BaptiBt Foreign Mission Society T HERE is a tremendous ap- Perhaps the mildest thing that peal from the great city of can be said of Miss Mayo's second Madras to anyone who is book on India is that one ought to alive to human need and suffering. balance the picture presented with The crowds speak in clear voices much other available literature and misery is everywhere visible. about this land, its peoples, their It is easy to understand the Mas- history and ambitions, and their ter's great compassion for the mul- present life. But the book itself is titudes when we see these eastern misleading. Noone who has any multitudes bargaining, bickering, knowledge of India would consent gossIpmg, quarreling, jostling, to the statement that there are hungry, weary, disease-ridden, and thousands of Hindu widows burned destitute of the things which make life rich and happy. Here is un- to death on their husband's funeral pyres every year. Such has not limited opportunity for the re- been the case for nearly a century former, the social expert, the en- since the Government made it illethusiastic educationalist, and any- gal. Other similar facts might be one with a vision of any phase of questioned. The picture is out of life which can be improved. But focus. It is a curious thing that.

most of all in these hungry crowds while attributing all the evils to the is the insistent and persistent call, Hindu community, no mention is like the moving strain of pathos in made of the Moslem community.

a symphony, for life and the Life But most of all one misses the pres- Abundant. When I pass the many ence of the "Christ of the Indian shrines; the mosques, and the other Road" who has touched so many signs of varied devotions to the hearts into life and who is today many gods of India, I am reminded drawing many by irresistible bonds of a statement of J. E. K. Aggrey. of love unto Himself. The warmth He referred to the great mission- of a great love that will sacrifice ary hymn of Bishop Heber, the for the object of that love is wholly lines: "The heathen in his blind- missing from the book. Those who ness, bows down to wood and have proved themselves true stone." And then with the great friends of India can speak to her heart and true insight of one who with the utmost freedom of her walked near the Master, he added: evils. But India feels a just re- "In his blindness? No, in his hun- sentment to one who make's India's ger." It is the hungry heart that sins a means of commercial gain calls the loudest from the streets through their pUblication. There and bazaars of this great city. is no humble missionary, in how- There is limitless opportunity for ever isolated a station, with howone whom the Master might place ever little resources, however un- here to reach out in many ways to known and unsung, but in whose touch hearts and lives with the heart the love of Christ burns until abounding love of Christ. it lights other hearts, there is no 850 such a one whose life will not far clear and for the most part accu- outweigh in eternal and enduring rate and convincing. He quotes results this heartless dealing with from wide fields in support of his the woes of this people. appeal for Christ. He quotes from The other evening on the beach Keshab Chunder Sen's famous lec- of the Bay of Bengal, a Brahman ture, "India Asks Who Is Christ."

and I spoke together. In the gath- One of the statements may be ering shadows of evening our quoted here: "Christ as a good man, thoughts turned to the Nazarene. a great man, we have learned to This man was evidently a secret love, honour and esteem. Christ believer, and at one time he said, as a moral teacher of the highest "Sri Krishna was the embodiment order, we are this moment ready of lust, but Jesus Christ was the to enshrine in our hearts. For the embodiment of suffering love." We exemplary purity of His character, spoke of the abundant life that we would at once give Him the Christ continually gives to the be- heart's allegiance and loyalty. But liever who appropriates it by that is not the whole of Christ's faith. I thought again of the great character or mission. It is not and significant differences between here that we find the real essence a change of heart and a change of of His life . . . Christ aspired to religion. How easy it is to work a higher position than that of a for the latter without the former. moralist in the affections and at- How glorious is our privilege to tachment of his followers-yes, a deal with the eternal things and to higher and a heavenlier positionwatch a life change, a new attitude that of a divine power. To that emerge, a new life grow in ever in- position He is entitled, and that He creasing fulness. This surely is demands … " the first great essential, after Here are the two great phases of which the other will take care of India's thought of Christ,-her itself. Christ will touch the heart great admiration for His teachings and character, and her unwillingto life! The late Registrar of one of the ness to assign Him a unique place. North Indian Secretariats, a Hin- She has been drawn, mightily du, read books written by another drawn, by Christ, but she has yet Hindu in an attempt to "disprove to enter the great deeper secrets the historicity of Jesus Christ and whence flow the abounding springs the claim of Christianity as taught of abundant life which she needs. by Him to be regarded as a di- Oh, that my adopted country may vinely-revealed religion." This know Him in all His fulness-and registrar was so hurt by the read- to His glory!

ing of this literature that he set The missionary movement has shamed out to defend Christ before his and educated the socially strong into critics. A Hindu appealing to his lifting the ban from the outcaste mil- lions … Christianity will win its way fellow religionists on behalf of in India only through an Indian church, Christ! So the Master moves on well – established, self – supporting, un- human hearts! He answers in afraid, and inspiringly evangelistic. Such a church is now coming into being. turn the arguments which tried to Those who love the world-wide Kingdom make Jesus out to be far from a of God must help it to stand upon its divine man, not even a good man. feet and encourage it to walk without The Registrar's arguments are faintness and to run without weariness.

-BISHOP FRED B. FISHER.

WORK IN

BY T. K. HERSHEY, Pehuaj6, F. C. 0., Argentin;; S. A.

Superintendent oj the JHs'i(m Evanuelica Menonita H AVING been appointed by four new missionaries were sent the Mennonite Board of from United States. As more Missions and Charities of missionaries arrived on the field, United States and Canada as mis- the work of missions spread to sionaries, two families-J. W. other towns, until at present, there Shank, wife and two children, the are 16 appointed missionaries and writer, wife and two children- two native pastors giving all their sailed from New York in August, time, 12 native helpers giving part 1917, arriving in Buenos Aires, time, and some in training for fu- Argentina, one month later. After ture work. The work has been or- acquiring the Spanish language ganized in eight centers in the dis- and studying the field we travelled trict.

over the greater part of Argen- From the beginning, the people tina, consulting with missionaries had many strange ideas and noalready on the field. Pehuaj6 was tions as to who we are, our motive chosen as a center from which to and purpose in the country. It is begin our missionary activities very difficult to erase the idea and and in January, 1919, we moved to convince them that the United this town, 217 miles southwest of States Government has nothing to Buenos Aires. do with financing our mission work. The Roman Catholic priests At that time there was no mis- have proclaimed that we are false sion work on the Western Rail- prophets and leaders sent to spy way farther west than Nueve de out the lay of things under the Julio. From this town to Santa cloak of religion. Threats were Rosa de Toay, a distance of 200 repeatedly made of boycotting the miles, 75 miles north and 75 miles business of our members, but God south of this main railway, lay a lives and so we press on, knowing great unoccupied field. Here a that He who called us is greater great number of towns with from than the adversary. 200 to 10,000 inhabitants were Besides the preaching services without the Gospel. in all the established centers We opened public services, dis- twice a week, we have eleven Sun- day-schools with thirty-five native tributed tracts, engaged in visita- teachers. tion work, and organized a Sunday-school. After a hard struggle Another effective way of getting with fanaticism and blind spirit- the Gospel to the people is through ism, we received seven by baptism the native Bible women. At presthe first year. ent, we have eight women who read the Bible in the homes to From Pehuaj6, our headquar- their native friends two hours each ters, we extended the work to other afternoon, five days a week. In towns. The next year work was 1927 they made 7,474 visits, with opened fifty miles west of Pehuaj6 in. Trenque Lauquen, a town of 10,000 inhabitants and in 1921, 852

MENNONITE WORK IN ARGENTINA

12,641 persons present to hear cial meetings. In one year we placed in the hands of the public God's Word. 2,943 Bibles, New Testaments, Each established cent~r has an Gospels and portions of the Gospel, and approximately 143,300 Gospel organized Young People's Society tracts. There is a church memand every Tuesday evening the bership of over 200, and more than members and young people meet 400 children are in the Sunday- schools. Many of the members are for Bible Study. faithful and have shown much zeal Five kindergartens are in oper- in carrying the Gospel message to their fellowmen. They have caught ation five days a week with more the spirit of missions and in 1927, than 200 children enrolled. In the contributions from these willone, an advanced class of the First ing, but mostly poor, members was Grade is being taught by a member 3,271.75 pesos. of the church and a graduate of the Normal School at Pehuaj6. God is blessing the work of the Mennonite Church in Argentina. Orphanage work was launched It has been little in comparison to in May, 1926, in rather unsuitable what might have been done. Many quarters. At present 18 children are very indifferent to religion for in the institution are cared for by they have been long deceived by two missionary sisters, one of false teachings. On discovering whom is a trained nurse. that these "Evangelicos" are also teaching religion they have come Another great factor is the to look upon this Protestant misprinted page. We have our own sionary movement as "a bird of printing plant, and publish a four- another feather." page monthly paper called El Camino Verdadero (The True Way) with 12,000 circulation. Tracts, booklets and hand bills are used to announce services and spe- MR. HOOVER'S VISIT TO SOUTH AMERICA T HE visit of President Hoover, visiting the American colonies but then President Elect, to South was making a pre-official visit to America last January very the South American governments, deeply impressed South Ameri- created a favorable impression. cans. In the first place there was His sincerity and straight fora feeling that they were getting on wardness also won friends. On the front page. The people of the religious side he also scored a Brazil and Argentina felt that here tremendous point. At Rio he dewas a man who knew Europe, Asia, elined Sunday morning invitations Australia, and something of Afri- and arrangements without offering ca, and who did not feel that he any reason or excuse. He and could take up the presidency of the Mrs. Hoover quietly attended the United States without knowing English service at the Union something of Latin America. That Church. Men who exult in the made them anxious to give him in- fact that they have advanced beformation. His frankness in con- yond religion took off their hats to versation with President Irigoyen him. Without pomp or ceremony and President Washington Luis he went to worship God. Some and the fact that he definitely very beautiful things have been stated in Brazil that he was not written and said about this.

eroP1CS Of THE TIME~

Dr. Mott's Missionary Projects gram" and in Japan "The Kingdom of God Movement." This summons AS a result of his recent missionary to a larger evangelism must be vital, 1"1. journey around the world and his continuous and intensive-not spas- modic. We must adopt all means to conference with native Christian lead- ers in Asia, following the Interna- this end-mass evangelism, social tional Missionary Council at Jerusa- evangelism, religious literature and lem, Dr. John R. Mott expresses the education.

conviction that "from an economic 7. We must work for a thorough point of view, the world is in a very and unhurried evaluation of the Mass grievous state." He suggests the fol- Movements. In India 90% of the lowing twelve missionary projects for present Protestant churches are the the Christian Church which, to his product of this movement. It is now mind, should deeply concern every influencing the castes and more than missionarY statesman. These twelve 10,000 of the upper castes have beprojects, which are closely related to come Christians while as many more the deliverance of the Jerusalem con· are in process of preparation. ference, may be briefly stated as fol- 8. We must produce more and bet- lows: ter Christian literature in all these 1. We must seek to coordinate mission lands. The amount available clearly the highest Christian thought for the clergy and educated youth is of the East and the West as to the inadequate in virtually every field.

true World Mission of Christianity. We should discover and release the 2. We must unite in the world-wide ablest writers for this work and proclamation of the Christian Mes- should together devise more adequate sage of the New Testament and its im- means for the publication and distriplications, as so clearly expressed at bution of this literature. The book Jerusalem. stores of the Orient are well stocked 3. We must disseminate the defi- with non-Christian literature but there nitely Christian ideas and ideals of is scarcely any Christian literature in religious education in all the churches evidence. We must solve this problem at home and abroad. interdenominationally.

4. We must cooperate to promote 9. We must augment the force of the distinctly Christian educational trained, spiriitual Christian leaders. program in all the missionary work Every mission land is calling for more of the Church. missionaries of the highest possible 5. We must promote understanding qualification, those who have experi- and cooperation between the younger enced the divine call. But the number and the older churches. of national youth who will sacrificially 6. We must have a larger, more ef- give themselves to this work should fective program of evangelism. The be enormously augmented. Their troubles through which Christians preparation must be thoroughly have been passing in the mission studied. The curricula of every theo- fields have prepared the way. "We logical school should be reviewed. must not only see the opportunity but 10. We must liberate a vastly we must sieze it." In China they have greater force of lay workers. The inaugurated their "Five Year Pro- strongest laymen in America and 854 England should realize their unique distress however is God's opportunity. responsibility and opportunity. We Man's perplexity is God's challenge.••• must mobilize them for service. Distressed Japan is a humble Japan. 11. The West and the East, the Perplexed Japan is a challengeable Jaolder, and the younger churches, the pan. Self-satisfaction and pride are nationals of different lands must learn disappearing. The sound of the breakhow to share their visions, their in- ing away of the husks of the Nation's sight, their burdens, their experience, thinking and of its life echoes gloomily their resources and the deepest things far and near. . . . of life, as well as those that come by revelation from God. The birth-pangs of a new Japan! The violent birth-quickening of the Kingdom 12. We must strengthen the Na- of God in Japan is on. The time is at tional Christian Councils. There are hand. The Kingdom of God is near. fourteen now in the "sending coun- The time has come for repentance and tries" and fourteen in the "receiving for consecration to the task of spreading countries" that are cooperating in the the Gospel. International Missionary Council. The thought life, life as a whole, This is a program that may well politics, education, industry, everything challenge the attention of the Church in Japan must be brought under God's and of every Christian. The Warld direct control. Through Christlike J ap- Mission of Christianity has scarcely anese, a Christlike .Tapan must be begun to be' fulfilled. It will not be brought to the birth. To transform this accomplished until every man and vision into reality we must increase the woman on earth has had an opportu- present two hundred and fifty thousand nity to hear the message of new life Christians to a round million. Numerthrough Christ and until the followers als are void of power but there is of Christ are exemplifying in their strength in numbers. . . . characters and lives, in their institutions and habits, the spirit and teach- We believe that one million Christians ings of Jesus Christ as recorded in will make possible the Christianization the New Testament. The Church of of Japan's public opinion and conscience Christ must be satisfied with nothing and realize through the Church a really less than living the ideals and full Christianized Japan. Every Christian program of Christ. a soul winner, winning one soul a year and thus in three years quadrupling the The Campaign in Japan number of Christians, this is the pro- gram of the Kingdom of God Campaign. T HE Christian forces in Japan are being mobilized for the Million A Foward Movement in China Souls Movement. Ten thousand copies of a prospectus setting forth THE Church of Christ in China has the plans will be sent out among the been very much affected by the dif- Japanese churches and Christians, and copies of an English translation ficulties and unrest of China during will be available for missionaries and others interested in the campaign. the last few years, asserted Dr. C. Y. The next step is to get it into the minds and hearts and into the prayers Cheng, Moderator of the United and purposes of every pastor and every Christian in the land. Church of China and Secretary of the The prospectus says in part: China National Christian Council, Japan the land of the gods, God's who recently made an address to miscountry! This is our prayer, our slogan, our goal. Our Japan is in distress. sionary leaders in New York. He said Our Japan has lost her way. Man's that political changes, activities of communists, the intellectual changes and the anti-Christian movement, especially among the younger student classes, have all left their mark on the Church. Some of these effects are good. There is less self-complacency and more humble seeking after im- provement and for guidance. There is a realization as to wherein the Church has failed and an increased emphasis on essentials.

On the other hand, the disturbed conditions and the wave of radical

thought has had its evil effects. There the conviction that their religion is a are sections of the Church that do not life and death matter they must go seem to have been touched by the revo- out to actively evangelize. This is true lution and such groups are a hindrance for all Christians, whether their reguto progress. Others have allowed lar work is evangelistic or not. The themselves to be too much swayed doctor and the teacher must realize by recent thought and events. Some that they are as truly evangelists as among the younger element have even the preacher. It is a movement to gone so far as to advocate discarding enlist men and women in upholding, the Church and organized religion, improving, enriching and utilizing while still affirming their allegiance the Christian Church in order that it to Christ. There is a general lack of may be more efficient. Too often even spiritual growth which gives cause for those most able to help have a tendconcern and a sense of depression. ency to draw away from the Church. Many feel an uncertainty growing With all its inefficiencies, the Church out of this sense of failure that is has not been equalled by any other paralyzing to progress. organization or combination of organ- izations in its power for good in If the Church does not quickly do China, said Dr. Cheng. We must try something to help this situation, Dr. to remove its imperfections so that it Cheng believes that its very life will may better perform the tasks for be threatened. The "Five – Year which it is intended. Because of the Movement" is the answer to the deep- serious situation at the present time, felt need on the part of native Chris- it is felt necessary to concentrate our tian leaders and missionaries as ex- forces in one united effort for a defipressed in the regional conferences nite period of five years but it is con· recently held in nearly all parts of fidently expected that the impetus China. The idea, introduced in these gained during this time will go on. conferences, was at once unanimously taken up because it was what all felt Dr. Cheng requested the older to be most needed. This is the gen- churches of America and Europe to eral desire and hope and prayer of the engage in intelligent, earnest, con- Chinese Church as a whole. stant prayer on behalf of the move- ment. He also asked for an increase The aim of the Five-Year Movement in the number of Christian workers, (1930-1934) is to build up the mem- both the general missionaries, and bership of the Church, but at the same specialists on certain lines, such as time to make sure that each new mem- religious education, rural work, theober really understands what it means logical training, industry, etc., who to be a follower of Jesus Christ. All would come out for limited periods. the Christian agencies are asked to There is a great need for such exwork together with this in view. Five perts to help China. The Chinese regional conferences, as well as the Church is poor-it needs money; but National Christian Council and the it needs more than anything else, the Church of Christ in China, have voted gift of men-men who come with to adopt this program in all serious- evangelistic zeal even though they ness. may never preach. The National Christian Council also hopes that In addition to the effort to greatly some special help may be given in the increase the numerical membership of financing of this five-year program. the Church and to educate these new This movement, if it is to be taken up members in the understanding of seriously, will require more workers. what it means to be a disciple of In the field of literature much must he Jesus, the movement, as interpreted done. This is a movement in which by Dr. Cheng, represents a great the older and younger churches can striving for renewed spiritual fire in well cooperate. the Church-for an outpouring of evangelistic zeal. If Christians get

TOPICS OF THE TIMES

Youth Movements in Europe vincial and colonial towns to fight against immorality. They are not NOT all the "Flaming Youth" are satisfied merely to protest against li- bent on the destruction of old centious literature and plays, cinemas, standards and entire freedom from etc., but are attacking one of the chief moral restraint. Many signs indicate causes of immorality, namely the ina reaction and a rising in the inter- sufficient salaries paid to women and ests of idealism among the youth of girls. Young women's groups affiliated many lands. Multitudes oppose all with the "Voix des Jeunes" are to war and have joined pacifist societies. make an inquiry into the matter dur- Others are against all forms of im- ing the winter, in conjunction with perialism-so-called-and have joined the International Labor Office, which the Anti-Imperialistic League. has started a similar inquiry.

In connection with the recent In Italy a group of Protestant World Conference against Imperial- young men called "Knights of ism, a congress of you.ng men at Christ," has decided to fight against Frankfort – on – the – Main (Germany) immorality. After careful study they last July brought together some sixty have had 5,000 placards printed recyoung men from India, China, South ommending in words of St. Paul, America, Mexico, Korea, and other chastity, respect of human personality countries. Special attention was paid (especially of women). They have to Syria, Morocco and China and the gone out by twos to put these posters situation of young workers and young in most prominent places. The police peasants was carefully studied. interfered, but the magistrates found the young Knights not guilty. Unfortunately "Young Pioneers" of Russia are taught that they are ene- In America also, and in Asia Youth mies of the Boy Scout movement, movements have been formed to destarted some 21 years ago in England fend the Bible, to put into practice by Lord Baden-Powell, and now num- the teachings of Christ· and to adbering over 50,000 scouts from all vance morality, the spirit of brotherparts of the world. The Boy Scout hood and Christian missionary ac- "Jamboree" in England last summer tivity. brought together some 300,000 visitors and was a remarkable manifesta- Unrest in Palestine tion of International fellowship. THE little country, now known as At the same time a meeting of the Palestine, at the crossroads be- Socialist Youth in Vienna (July 12th tween Africa and Asia and almost to the 14th) brought together some next door to Europe, has always been 50,000 participants from a few coun- a scene of strife. Before the Israelites tries or central Europe. On the 16th conquered the land it was a battlefield of July the official delegates of the between many warring tribes. Egypt, National Movements of Socialist Assyria, Persia, Greece and Rome youth met for their 3d International later fought for its possession for po- Congress. It was stated that 220,718 litical and commercial advantage. members from 50 different countries Since the capture of Jerusalem by the belonged to it, but that France and followers of Mohammed the religious Great Britain had not as yet made motive has been added as a basis for adequate efforts for their national or- desiring possession, and for nearly ganizations. A program for the pro- fifteen hundred years Christians, Jews tection of young workers was formed and Moslems have contended for posin cooperation with the Trade Unions session of their sacred shrine. Jeruand the Socialist International. salem has been a bone of contention rather than an olive branch of peace. In France "La Voix des J eunes" is When General Allenby entered the getting together all the youth organizations in Par:s and in different pro-

city in 1917, the Christians regained improvements made under British control from the Turks but the Jews rule: Moslems, Jews and Christians were promised the opportunity to will all profit if they will learn to live realize their national ambition to en- together in harmony. The hope of Pal- joy Palestine as their ancestral home. estine is not, however, in the domina- This right has been the cause of dis- tion of anyone class or race or in the pute and contention with their Arab physical development of the country neighbors who outnumber them three but it is in the recognition of Him to one. All religions and nationalities who is the Prince of Peace and in have been enjoying equal rights under loyal submission to Jesus Christ whose the British Mandate but this does not right it is to reign.

satisfy the Mohammedans and as- saults upon the Jews have resulted. Church Union in Scotland The Rev. Malcolm M. Maxwell, of Jerusalem, writes to The Christian "NOTHERbreach in the Church of under date of August 30th: "We can- f t Christ was healed on October 1st, not yet see anything in the nature of when two other branches of this Body a national turning to Jesus Christ as were joined together through the their Messiah. But it may be signifi- union of the Established Church of cant that in many cases the Jews liv- Scotland and the United Free Church ing in the Holy City are painting up -both of them Scotch Presbyterian large cro~ses over their houses, in bodies. The "Wee Frees," as they are order to shelter under the sign of the popularly called, still stand aloof. At the final session of the United Cross. It may be that some of them Free Church Assembly only twentywill come to seek refuge under the two members, among the 500, voted to Blood of the Cross, which, until quite support an amendment proposing recently, they despised, and of which many of them had a superstitious "that this Assembly do not proceed to the consummation of the union dread." . Pictures of Jewish homes, on the with the Church of Scotland." Twenty door-posts of which have been painted years of debate and negotiation have crosses to protect the inmates, forcibly preceded this amalgamation which will rank as one of the biggest events remind us of the sprinkling of blood in Scotland since the disruption. on the door-posts of Jewish families in Egypt at the time of the Passover On October 2d, the two Assemblies to protect them against the angel of marched from their respective meeting death. places to St. Giles's Cathedral-unit- ing on the way-for a devotional serv- An anonymous proclamation, found ice. In the afternoon Dr. John White in Jerusalem during the recent upris- was elected as First Moderator and ing, called for a Holy War of the the Duke of York presented his com- Arabs to drive out the Jews. mission as Lord High Commissioner; and a letter from the King was read. The Arabs claim that their country has been divided and that the Jews The first assembly of the reunited have been unduly favored in political Church was held in the municipal appointments and other privileges. garage. The audience of 12,000 in- cluded the Archbishop of Canterbury, The Jews make ten demands on the Dr. Cosmo Gordon Lang, and his government including a commission of predecessor, Lord Davidson, of Laminquiry, security for Jews in all the beth, and several members of the govcities and colonies, the restoration of ernment. The moderators signed the property, fines on Arab villages, uniting act with the historic quill pen establishment of an armed Jewish with which the dissenting ministers police force to protect Jewish com- at the disruption in 1843 signed the munities.

Palestine has greatly benefited by act which created the breach. EDITED BY MRS. F. I. JOHNSON, 150 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK President of the Federation of Woman's Boards of Foreign Missions ATTRACTIVE METHODS FOR to have something actively to do with TEACHING the.solution of any problem that affects the lives of human beings." "Jumping Beans"

By MAUDE E. BRADLEY Our Junior boys and girls are going MEXICO to enjoy "Jumping Beans." What a fascinating title to arouse the curios- Under the "Plan and Point of View" ity of those eager little people who with which the course is introduced are waiting anxiously for the "club" to the leader are many valuable sugto begin. And the title is not the (/lily interesting thing about this new book! The children will love the whole Sandoval family from father and mother, Manuel, Carmen, Elena, and baby Carlos, to Zoso, the burro, and Chini, the pig.

The book is in two sections; Part 1: Stories by Dr. Robert N. McLean, and Part 2: The course-worked out by Mabel Little Crawford. In the charming little stories, Dr. McLean introduces us to a Mexican Indian family in their Mexican home and then we follow them through varied experiences as they become migrant agricultural laborers in the southwestern part of our own great country.

Delightful as are the stories in themselves, their real value will be best brought out by using them as part of the suggested course. This course may be adapted easily to various groups-church school classes, mission bands, clubs, week-day classes, daily vacation Bible schools, etc.

Miss Crawford says: "The aim of such a course is not to furnish children of nine, ten, and eleven with ready-made opinions on social or economic problems, but rather to make them conscious that there are problems, that there are two sides to the problems, and that Christianity ought 859 gestions which will save the leader right. Two or three white pages may much time and effort in preparation be inserted and fastened with yarn, for the sessions. Some of these sug- ribbon or white string colored with gestions follow – "Materials Needed crayon. On the cover draw four or for the Course, Activities, Making a five bands of varied widths and color Map, Making Notebooks, Writing with orange, blue, red and black. Letters, Making a Mexican Village, Across upper left corner, color nar- Preparing a Mexican Meal, Dramati- rower bands. Print "MEXICAN zation, Service Activities, Summary WORDS" in black crayon in remainof Preparation to be Made by the ing space. Before the stories are Leader." Then follow specific pro- told write Mexican words on the grams for each session. blackboard or large sheet of paper, with translation, and let children copy The course is so well worked 'Out them in their notebooks. In this way, that, taken just as it is printed, no they will assemble quite an Englishleader should have difficutly in pre- Mexican dictionary. senting it. Perhaps a few suggestions which were worked out this summer Have you ever helped a group of while a small group of children were children make their own little hymn enjoying the course will be of further books? One society in Lancaster, Pa., help. did this and it was a great success. Use lightweight colored construction Make invitations for the first meet- paper for covers and plain white ing in the shape of a big sombrero of paper for the pages. Let the children white paper colored with yellow crayon copy words of hymns which they sing or of yellow Tonal paper. Touch up at meetings. with lines of orange and black crayon. Inside, write or print, "You are Another attractive booklet is made invited to come to the church next Fri- of yellow or orange paper, size 3ljz day at four o'clock to meet the Sando- by 12 folded double to make cover val family from Mexico." These invi- 37'2 by 6. Tie with yarn at the top tations could be given to the Juniors to hold inside pages in place. Print at the close of the church school ses- "MEXICO" in colored crayon at top sion or could be mailed. Do you real- and paste silhouette of sombrero cut ize what it means to a Junior to re- from black paper at bottom of cover. ceive a real-honest-to-goodness letter or invitation through the mail ? It is Children will enjoy making articles worth many times the value of a post- from clay modeling material. Hang age stamp. up a lot of pictures around the room showing scenes from Mexican home Why not enlist some of the Junior or village life. Point out certain artior Senior High art students to help cles which might be made in miniature with this part of the preparatory in clay. Then leave the children to work? Almost every church, whether their own initiative in carrying on small or large, urban or rural, has one the work. Results will be surprisingly or more young people with artistic successful. The group mentioned ability. Do use them! Invite them to above made an adobe, stools, tables, give of their talent to Christ's pro- crude fireplace, kitchen utensils, burro, gram! pig, sombrero, etc.

Children love to make little booklets. The Everyland Picture Series on "Jumping Beans" offers many possi- "Mexicans in the United States," 25 bilities in this line of handwork. To cents, published by the Everyland make a Mexican blanket or sarape Press, 150 Fifth Avenue, New York notebook, fold a sheet of 9 by 12 yel- City, may be used in many ways to low paper through the center and then make the course interesting. again, making a double cover, 47'2" by 6". Place the folded edges at left and There are twenty-four pictures with top; the open ones at bottom and printed captions underneath. Have the Juniors mount these separately on

METHODS FOR WORKERS

colored construction paper. Then cut formed again at opposite sides of them up into "jig-saw" puzzles. This room. At the striking of a cord on can be done with scissors in two ways. piano the lines break and go across Make a simple puzzle by cutting the room, each child trying to find the picture into five or six horizontal or child who has the other part of her vertical strips. A more elaborate picture. puzzle may be made by cutting the picture into a number of irregular OHRISTMAS PAGEANTS sized pieces. Do not make too many pieces. Place each puzzle in an en- By MARVIM M. WALTERS velope and on the outside write or print-"Mexican Puzzle-Number of The very best and most effective pieces." Very pretty envelopes may Christmas pageants the writer has be made of wall paper to contain the seen were those created from locbi puzzles. Let the children decide what surroundings and put on in that one they shall do with the completed puz- spot for which they were written or zles. Hospitals, shut-ins, sick club played. members, orphan asylums, etc., may be suggested by the leader. Pageantry consists largely of four main elements-namely, color, music, Another way in which to use the pic- free dialogue, and pantomime. Christture set is as a game. The leader mas pageantry should of course have should cut out each picture with its a Christmas theme. explanatory text. Number each picture. Mount on colored construction Many think it is hard to give pagpaper or lightweight cardboard. eants. We have not found it so, Mount the printed texts but do not especially after we stopped putting too number. Pin the pictures up around much into it. the room. Line the children up and give each one a printed slip. When a Get three or four vital, progressive bell rings they are to go around look- ideas and work them into a musicing at the pictures and find the one color skein, putting into the pageant which they think fits their printing. characters who like to do their parts. Each child stands by his or her picture and at the end of a short time "Christmas in Every Land" turned the bell is rung again and the leader out to be one of the finest pageants decides how many have made the cor- we ever put on. We spent some four rect decision. weeks studying national customs, dress ideas, national airs and tradi- A good way to "break the ice" at tions. We worked in as many nathe first meeting is to use the pictures tions as we were equipped to do– in the following partner contest. England, France, Germany, China, Mount the pictures on light cardboard India, America, and several others. or heavy paper and cut into two pieces. For all the countries we represented The printed matter is mounted with we procured flags or made them from the picture. Place all the left sides chart descriptions found in an unof puzzles in one pile on a table at abridged dictionary. For those who front of room and all the right sides contemplate putting on such a pagin another pile at other side of table. eant I would suggest free use of un- Let the Juniors choose sides and line abridged dictionaries and standard up on opposite sides of room. When a encyclopedias. Articles dealing with march is played the two lines march various countries, together with charts around until they meet and then they of national colors, will give many come forward double breast to the hints. table. Here they separate again, each child taking up a piece of picture from Don't make your plan too big or too the designated pile. The lines are complete, but let the pageant be as suggestive and dramatic as possible. Make use of Christmas solos, carols, and anthems. The Christmas theme is abundantly expressed in good music.

A MISSIONARY CHRISTMAS PLAY would gladly help if I could but I For Union Home and Foreign Mis- think you will have to go elsewhere sionary Societies. this time."

If given with a generous amount of DEACONESS :-"If you only knew action, it is unusually effective. one of the families there. The mother died recently leaving a family of six Christmas Pageant children; the oldest a girl of four- (Woman sitting at table doing up teen, tries to keep house and mother the last of her Christmas presents. the other five children. The father Bundles and boxes are all about her.) works hard, when he can get work but his pay is small. A good dinne; MRS. SHOPPER:-"Well, well, I am and a few presents would do much toglad that job is about done. My list ward making them feel the true spirit of people to whom I give presents of the Holy Christmas Day." grows longer every year and it is so hard to please them and find some- MRS. SHOPPER:-"I am truly more thing they do not already have. sorry than I can tell you, but I simply Really Christmas is getting to be a can't help this year. It is too late for burden. I am so tired by the time the I have overspent my allowance for day arrives that I do not enjoy it. I Christmas and will be in debt for some sometimes wonder if this is not the time before I can pay for all my wrong way to celebrate." gifts."

(Just tkBn a knock is heard. She DEACONESS: – "Well, good-bye! I goes to the door and admits a deacon- hope you may be able to help next ess, who says:) year."

DEACONESS :-"My dear Mrs. Shop- MRS. SHOPPER (sits at table thinkper, we are spending Christmas Eve ing aloud) :-"1 should like to have trying to collect a few more dollars to given something, but I just could not. help in our celebration of Christmas I do believe it would have been better at the S. S. S. You know we have so if I had bought less expensive things many foreigners and colored people in and had a little left for those poor that part of the city. children. It rather worries me as I think about them. I believe I will "During the past year, many of the read a while and perhaps get my mind men have had scarcely any work at off them." all. The families are large and in many cases two or three families have (Sits doum to read and presently moved together and are living in three falls asleep and dreams.) or four rooms. They need food and Spirit of ChristJllas clothes and heat. Added to these nec- (Enter Spirit of Christmas. Peoessary things, we are asking for ple fro:m America and many foreign money-just a little from each per- countnes show what Christmas and son, to give them a little Christmas the Christ-child mean to them.) cheer. (Enter Moslem woman (veiled).) "We have our kindergarten children, and other classes that the chil- SPIRIT OF CHRISTMAS :-"This is a dren attend-also the colored women's Moslem woman from Algiers."

club and the foreign women's club. MOSLEM WOMAN :-"1 am supposed Many of them will have no Christmas to be happy because I was married at unless we give it to them. thirteen years of age and have never "Will you not try to put a bit of been divorced. But we do not know joy into their lives as you, too, are happiness as you Christians know it.

celebrating the birth of the Christ- I cannot sew or read, and hear only child, Christmas Day?" coarse, vile talk from my neighbors MRS. SHOPPER:-"I am sorry but I and friends. I am an obedient wife have spent all my available money. I and attend to all my religious duties,

METHODS FOR WORKERS

observing the hours of prayer, repeat- baskets and beadwork. We do not hate ing the words in a language I do not the white man now for he is teaching understand, hoping to be rewarded by us a better way to live, and when at being allowed to be one of my hus- Christmas time, we meet with God's band's seventy slaves in his heavenly people to celebrate the birth of His paradise. 1 attend the mosque, sitting Son, we, too, can sing: behind a screen where I can neither Hark! the herald angels sing, see nor be seen, or understand the Glory to the new-born King; Peace on earth, and mercies mild, service; I observe faithfully all fast God and sinners reconciled! days, but these do not satisfy the Joyful all ye nations, rise, cravings of my religious nature. We Join the triumph of the skies; long in vain for something that will With the angelic host proclaim give us peace and happiness." Christ is born in Bethlehem."

(Enter l!merican Indian woman.) (Enter 0 Tomo San, Japanese SPIRIT:-"And now comes a dusky woman.) maiden from the land of Hiawatha SPIRIT :-"Here is a young mother who will tell her story." who will tell you what the Christ INDIAN WOMAN :-"1 come of a means to her."

race which once ruled this fair land. o TOMO SAN :-"1 have always been But one day, long, long ago, the white religious but until recently it was the men, who were stronger than we came religion of darkness and superstition.

and took our land away from us. They Many dark nights my husband and took our hunting grounds and drove 1 visited shrine after shrine set in the us on reservations they had set aside. gloomy groves. We took our little Our lands made the white man rich; offerings of rice and fish and per- and piece by piece we gave up to them formed the only worship we knew, the woods and fields that had been but there was no response in our souls.

ours for hundreds of years. We were Were the gods satisfied? Had they ignorant and at the mercy of every heard our prayers? There were so white trader. They taught my peo- many gods-were there any that had ple to drink fire-water and to gamble. been omitted, and who might wreak "My grandmother was a Princess their vengeance on our poor home?

and I was born in a tepee, because my Alas! we could not tell; there was no father hated the white man's ways of way of finding out. In spite of all living. He never forgave the people these night pilgrimages-in spite of who took our lands from us and died innumerable little wooden tablets pur- of a broken heart. chased at the temples, insuring bless- "Then I was taken sick and a beau- ing of all kinds-in spite of slips of tiful woman, a missionary, came to paper bearing pictured gods and pray with me and nurse me back to charms of all sorts, guaranteed to health. She told me of a Saviour who keep off all spirits-still misfortunes was born on Christmas Day and who had followed one another in quick suc- was God's great gift to the world. cession. To cure my husband of tooth- She said He loved the Red Man, too. ache, 1 vowed to abstain for three Teach us more about the Great Spirit years from eating natto, my favorite of the Paleface. Take us to your food. Before the three years were up, schools-deal with us fairly. we moved away from this town. Hence "The white man robbed us of our I was unable to revisit the shrine with lands and traditions and left in their an offering of natto, which would have place the vices of civilization. We released me from the vow, so I· still want a share of the better things- could not touch it. Similarly, to cure we want to be lifted up by the Great one of my children, we covenanted not White Spirit and your God-man-the to eat crabs.

Christ. Then we w1l till the soil and "One day I attended a mothers'

make for you our beautiful blankets, meeting at the Christian kindergarten.

This led to other meetings and my and they'd train my gals right. So husband and I learned the Jesus doc- we picked cotton all summer till our trine. Then arose the question-what fingers bled and got a little m~mey­ to do with the idol shrines in the but not much. house. At first we closed the doors of the shrine and turned them around "But somehow the spirit of Jesus with their faces to the wall, but some- Christ just opens the pocketbooks of how, this did not prove very satisfac- some of them northern white people, tory. So we decided to sell them, but and you can go to them schools withit did not seem quite the thing to out much money. We walked twelve make money on our discarded gods. miles to a railroad station-we hadn't We finally burned them with all the never seen railroad cars before and I wooden tablets and paper charms. felt kind 0' skeered to let them gals get on and be jerked away so fast you Outwardly our circumstances re- couldn't say bood-bye; But they said mained unchanged, but how different they wasn't skeered; that they'd go everything seems, since turning to through fire to get there. God in obedient faith, and committing everything to Him, a complete change "Araminty has learned to be a nurse has come over our hearts and all the oyer a: Jacksonville and Arabella is old unrest has disappeared. As for goin' to teach school and they ain't gomyself I seem to have lost all fear. I ing to marry any no 'count niggers used to be so afraid of the dark, but neither. We got a real Christmas tree now I feel so perfectly safe every- and all the other colored children for where. The other day I ate some miles around are comin' to celebrate. natto and it tasted good. We are go- We won't have many presents, but ing to enjoy the crabs when they come we'll have a mighty good time. Arain, too. It seems so strange to be so bella has taught them lots of Christfree. Everytime I hear the Gospel, I mas songs, she learned at school-but feel ashamed of myself for not having the one I like best is the one about earlier trusted in Jesus. So you can Glory to God in the Highest, Peace on see why we love to celebrate the Earth, Good Will Toward Men." Christ-child's birthday as a Holy Day." (Enter Chinese Girl.) (Exit.) SPIRIT :-"This child is a member of our Christian school and lives in (Enter Negro woman.) the compound with the missionary and SPIRIT :-"The Negro race has been she is very happy to tell you .of their a special study for our people. Let Christmas." our colored friend tell us how our missionary homes have taught them the GIRL:-"To us Christmas Eve is the way to celebrate Christmas. night of nights. After dinner we had NEGRO WOMAN:-"We are g'wine a musical program and then Santa to have a big Christmas at our house. Claus who is just the biggest, fattest, We live in a little shanty and we ain't jolliest person you can imagine came got no money to count on. But our riding in on a tiny donkey. Our gals Araminty and Arabella have come Christmas tree was beautiful and we home from that school at Jacksonville, thought it was even prettier as the Florida, about fifty miles from here, gifts began to disappear from it and where they got all kinds of larnin'. appear in our hands. The next day at "Myoid man said, 'Don't you send ten o'clock, we attended the little them gals away to no school-they'll Christmas entertainment in the jest get a lot of fool notions in their church. Then followed the Chinese heads and then like as not come home feast when we Chinese and Americans and marry some no 'count nigger.' ate together in good fellowship to cele- But I 'lowed as how them missionaries brate Christ's Birthday. had the love of God in their hearts "After this, we attended the little play given at the girls' school. It was 'The Birds' Christmas Carol.' Then

METHODS FOR WORKERS

came the best of all, the real Christmas ye about towns and rivers and mounfeast for the girls, when we had meat tains). While she was talkin', I jest and vegetables. And you know we thought my heart'd stop beatin', 'cause have these only twice a year in the I got bluer and bluer 'cause I knowed girls' school-on Christmas and New we didn't have no money but Glory Be Years. The rest of the time we eat -she said we didn't need much money black and yellow beans, rice and Chi- 'cause the missionary societies furnese bread. nish most everything. When she said that I got so excited I nearly let the "We closed our day with the singing twins fall off my lap. So Melissa went of carols and went to bed, very, very to school. And we are so proud of happy girls." that gal. She just larned everything. There ain't nothin' she don't know (Exit.) about sewin', cookin', keepin' house and everything. (Enter Mountaineer woman.) SPIR.IT :-"This woman is one of our "Do you wonder we want to celenative-born Americans whose daugh- brate Christmas, the day when Christ ter owes her life to the home mission- was born? Melissa said He came to ary school." save the world, and that means us poor MOUNTAINEER.:-"Well, I just want white folks way down here in the to tell yer, I'm glad it's Christmas mountains." time cause it gives me an excuse for celebratin'. I'm jest bubblin' over (Enter Hindu Bible woman.) with joy. You know I got a gal, Me- SPIRIT :-"A Hindu Bible woman lissa, who goes to that school down at will tell you of the celebration of Boaz. I never had any eddication and Christmas in a mission schooL" neither did her pa and sometimes HINDU BIBLE WOMAN:-"I am a when we'd git newspapers wrapped Bible woman trained in a Woman's round things at the store and couldn't Foreign Missionary School in India, read nary a word of the print on 'em, and I want to tell you just a little I would jest natchery cry and worry of Christmas in India. The flowers 'cause I didn't see any way but to jest in the garden of the mission compound let my young uns grow up as ignorant are blooming luxuriantly – cannas, as I was. roses, phlox and cosmos. It is not "We was awful poor and me and the Christmas weather as you know it, two gals only had one pair of shoes with snow and the jingle of sleighbetween us. And one day when we bells. But the girls in our school and were workin' barefoot in the cornfield the mothers in some of the homes a woman with a pretty face and the where I visit and teach, know that sweetest voice, came riding up and tomorrow we are celebrating the birth said, 'Howdy. Can I come in and sit of the Christ-child, and realize more a spell? I want to talk to you about deeply that many in America, what a school over to Boaz where we can His coming to earth has brought to take at least one of your girls.' Well their lives. that beat me and we laid down our "Tomorrow at nine we shall have a hoes and went inside our shanty. Qur church service and then the celebrapreacher up on the ridge had told her tion for the children. Thanks to the 'bout us. I didn't know where Boaz boxes received from Christian Amerwas-'cause we didn't know nothing ica-we can make all the children about anything on tother side of the happy. One Standard Bearer Commountain. pany has sent us a box filled with rag "She said it was the Rebecca Mc- dolls and how the girls love them. Cleskey School and was kept by some Then from a Kings Herald Band we folks up North. She said they would have tops and marbles for the boys teach my gal to read and write and and candy for all the children. How she'd larn rithmetic (that teaches ye those little brown faces will shine as to count), and gography (that teaches 4

we tell them that someone in America last Christmas when we people of the loves them and is willing to sacrifice village were invited there, too. The a little of her own pleasure that teachers surely had a time to make all Chrismas joy may reign in far away the costumes and train sixty children India. in song. The thirty little girls were all dressed in white and after Christ- "At four in the afternoon we will mas these little dresses and skirts have the tea for Indian Christians. were put away to be kept clean for They sit in the church compound, the Easter. They had a Christmas enwomen and children on one side and tertainment on Christmas Eve and I the men on the other. The school chil- wish you might have heard their songs dren will present tableaux and songs and pieces. of the Christmas story and we will live again that first Christmas Day. There "The children were up at 5: 30 will be gifts at this service for each Christmas morning and there was a family: clothing, towels, soap and big tree and Santa Claus was dancing other things, that are luxuries to us, around the tree jingling sleigh bells but commonplace to you. And each to call the children down stairs. You will go home happy, filled with Christ- never saw such a commotion. There mas peace." was something for each one-the little girls got tiny wash boilers and little (Enter Eskimo.) green skillets and the boys got balls SPIRIT:-"And here is an Eskimo and fish-hooks and other trinkets and woman from the ice-bound shores of all got apples, oranges and candy. A the Yukorf. She will tell you how glad big box arrived from the States and she is that no cold is so intense that in that were some presents for the it can keep back the messengers of the missionaries and some things for the King, who have made possible a joy- Home they had been praying for. ous Christmas. ESKIMO :-"1 come from Alaska, a "The children took their presents land where it is always cold. In many and formed in line and had a parade parts, the ground never thaws. The all over the Home-they were led by people are very, very poor and some- a band (six children playing on combs times families and even whole villages and one beating a pan for a drum) starve to death. The men are miners, and then games and a good dinner. sealers, whalers and sailors. They live in small huts and stop up all the "Say, you've never seen a Christcracks to keep out the cold and have no mas, if you haven't seen one at the chance for fresh air. Jessie Lee Home." "The woman of the home is often the beast of burden because the old (Enter girl from England.) chief says that she can do twice as SPIRIT :-"In England their Christmuch as a man. mas celebration is all centered around "The one bright spot in that frozen their Yule-log, which is supposed to land is the Jessie Lee Home at Un- burn from Christmas Eve to New alaska. There are sixty boys and Year's Day. Round this gather all the girls in that home. Some are orphans family and relatives and make merry and some have been deserted by their together." parents and some are too poor to live (Girl Speaks foUowing poem, then any other place. The missionaries gOBS out.) lead lonely lives away from all their friends but they are doing a wonder- AT CHR1STMAS TIME ful work not only for the children in school and the sick in their hospital, At Christmas time the fields are white, but for all the people in the village. And hill and valley are bedight "Christmas time is the greatest time With snowy plendor, while on high of all the year. I will tell you about The black crows Bail athwart the sky, Mourning for summer days gone by At Christmas time.

At Christmas time the air is chill, And frozen lies the babbling rill;

METHODS FOR WORKERS

While sobbingly the trees make moan our customers so we can make money For leafy greeness once their own. to buy you all good warm clothes like For blossoms dead and birdlings flown. American children wear.

At Christmas time. "Your brothers, ever since they have been big enough, have helped their At Christmas time we deck the hall father in the bakery. They carry in With holly branches brave and tall, the great trays from the oven, make With sturdy pine and hemlock bright change and deliver cakes and tonight And in the Yule-log's dancing light they will work 'till 10, 11, 12 o'clock We tell old tales of fields and fight that the Christmas dinner tables will serve our little cakes, rich with At Christmas time. raisins and sugar or the round cakes filled with jelly as red as the holly At Christmas time we pile the board berries. With flesh and fruit and vintage stored, And mid the laughter and the flow "They are such good boys, too. We tread a measure soft and slow, They try to learn in school, but they And kiss beneath the mistletoe are only immigrants and the other boys never invite them to join in their At Christmas time. games or clubs or Boy Scouts or any- thing. We try to be good citizens- 0, God the Father of us all to be honest and to worship the Christ List to the lowliest creature's call: we have learned about. But Oh, we Give of Thy joy to high and low" are so lonely! Comforting the sorrowing in their woe: Make wars to cease and love to grow "I look out of the window and see the happy faces-people hurying home At Christmas time. with arms full of bundles-friends meeting and smiling and wishing each Let not one heart be sad today; other a Merry Christmas, but no one May every child be glad and gay; thinks of us. We have each other- Bless Thou Thy children great and small. God be praised! But we do so long to And may each soul keep festival hear a friendly voice and to know that some one in all this land thinks of us At Christmas time. at Christmas time.

(Enter Mrs. Chzerney – a Bohe- "But listen! I hear children singing mian.) Christmas carols. They are coming nearer and nearer. Can it be they are SPIRIT: – "Here we have Mrs. coming to us 1" Chzerney, One of the immigrants, who have come to our shores. Let us hear (Carol in distance.) what Christmas means to her." (Two children who have been sing- ing off stage enter and give presents MRS. CHZERNEy:-"What a dreary, to Mrs. Chzerney and her two chi!- lonely Christmas Eve, my children! dren.) We are living in a Christian land, but not one of Christ's people ever says a GIRL WHO HAS BEEN SINGING SAYS: friendly word or reaches out a friendly -"We bring to you these little gifts hand. to make you feel you are living in a land among Christ's people and to wish "Over in Bohemia, the Christmas you a Merry Christmas." bells are ringing tonight and that is still home to me. MRS. CHZERNEy:-uGod is good to "We came here, my children, because us and all is well." we heard that in this country, you (Enter-Bedoin boy and girl tomight have a chance. But I guess we'll never be anything but just that gether.) 'German baker – Chzerney – and his family.' We have to work so hard, too. SPIRIT: – "These are Bedoin chil- We brought with us receipts for Bo- dren whose home is a tent in the wide. hemian Christmas cakes that have wide desert of Arabia. been baked by our people for hundreds of years and have been served to kings.

"Everybody wants our Christmas cakes this year and we have worked day and night to bake enough for all

(Boy wearing on head white cloth follow the rugged path from Jerusacap—only other dress visible is loose lem, once trodden by the wise men bro'Um coat hanging below knees-legs from the East who sought the newand feet bare.) born King in his manger cradle. We enter the city of Bethlehem and plod Boy:-HMy name is Achnet and this up the hill till we reach the eastern is my sister Fatima. We live where brow of the ridges. On the south side it is always warm and the sun shines. is one of the oldest Christian build- We have never seen it rain. Our home ings in the world, the Church of the is a tent on an oasis and when the Nativity. The entrance to the church springs dry up we move on to another is so low that one stoops to enter. We one. Our food is chiefly meat, cakes pass through the nave of the church to and dates and goat's milk. I have a the sanctuary, then down a flight of little colt, which lives in the tent with narrow stone steps to the cavern. me. When we are both older I hope he will carry me to the city where A silver star is set into the pavement people do not Jive in tents. When we surrounded by the inscription, which travel, we use camels, putting our tents translated is, 'Here of the Virgin and all our household utensils on their Mary Jesus Christ was born.' Above backs and we travel mostly before day- in the recess, hang many lamps of light as it is too hot during the day- gold and silver, which burn continuwe sleep then." ally. Pilgrims by scores and hundreds throw themselves on the pavement to FATIMA:-HWe never have to worry kiss the stones. The beautiful digniwith copy books and numbers as the fied service is held at midnight and it little American children do, but Oh, stirs the emotions. we have to work so hard even little as I am. 1 have to gather firewood and (Enter woman to tell Christmas churn butter by shaking it backward story.) and forward in a goatskin. Then my mother and father beat me for slight SPIRIT :-HListen, you are about to offenses, which would be all right for hear a Christmas story." my brother to do but then, I am only a girl. Won't you send someone to tell Use "Why the Chimes Rang," or any us of the love of Jesus, which makes other suitable one. At its close carols mothers love their girls as well as are heard outside. Spirit goes off as their boys ?" carols begin.

(Exit.) (At end of carols Mrs. Shopper (Enter woman from Jerusalem.) wakes with a stfLrt.) SPIRIT:-HNow that Jerusalem is again in the hands of Christians we MRS. SHOPPER :-"1 must have gone are doubly interested in their celebration of the Festival of the Nativity." to sleep and those carols wakened me. WOMAN :_HIt is evening in J eru- What a dream I have had. It breaks salem, the stars come out, one by one; my heart when I think of the selfish the cool breeze comes in from the hills just as it did that beautiful night way 1 have spent Christmas. If the when the shepherds heard the first dear Lord grants me another year to Christmas hymn two thousand years live, 1 will show him that 1 have ago. learned how really to celebrate His HWe women take off our beautiful birthday in a way that I am sure will bead necklaces and bracelets, cover be more pleasing to Him, for He said, our garments with a white veil and in little companies join the great 'In as much as ye do it unto the least throng that is going to Bethlehem of these, ye do it unto me.' I know five miles away. All Christmas Eve pilgrims from all parts of the world now that the true joy of Christmas is in giving to His little ones, not only money but the service of a glad heart. I am going to call the Deaconess and go to her rescue at once."

(Close with Christmas carol in the distance.)

WOMAN'S HOME AND FOREIGN

FEDERATION OF WOMAN'S BOARDS OF FOREIGN MISSIONS AND COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS WORLD DAY OF PRAYER-1929 the meeting was held in the home of a sick woman whose bed was spread on THEME: the floor in the corner and who took part in prayer and speaking. All were "That They All May Be One" impressed by the service and sent greetings to other women who were It has been a wonderful evening joined with them in prayer. Enthusi- astic reports of gatherings in the Mt. spent in reading scores and scores of Hermon district have been received. letters from many lands telling of the blessing and inspiration of the World We trust that as a result of these meet- Day of Prayer, February 15, 1929. It ings there will come new earnestness is becoming literally true that through in prayer and in working for nonprayer the "whole round earth" is be- Christian neighbors."

ing "bound by gold chains about the PERSIA feet of God." We have learned of meetings held in the following coun- "We planned for two services in Teheran (11 to 12 a. m. and 2 to 3 tries: p. m.), held in the prayer room, the assembly room of the Persian church. Japan Turkey Africa About 100 women attended each serv- ice and six nationalities were repre- China Syria Nova Scotia sented and had a part in the program -Armenians, Hebrews, Zoroastrians, Korea Hungary Canada Assyrians, Moslems, Americans-'all one now in Christ Jesus.' As far as Philippine Poland Alaska possible we followed the general pro- gram translated into Persian. In the Islands Germany United afternoon Fatima Khanum, one of the strongest converts from Islam, New Zealand Austria States gave an account of her conversion, which stirred to the depths all pres- Australia Switzerland Mexico ent. In the noon interval, 100 women sat down together to a simple dinner Siam France Brazil of rice, stew and bread, in the large room of the elementary school. All Burma Holland British India England Guiana Persia Scotland Hawaii There are possibly others from which we have not heard. In some lands the thought has been new and only a few small groups have met on that day, while in many other lands the observance is increasing rapidly each year. Beginning in the Orient it was true that "from the rising of the sun to the going down of the same,"

the Lord's name was praised.

Glimpses Into Many Praying Groups sat on the floor, which added to the informality and good cheer of the oc- It is painful to cull mere snatches casion. It meant much to us at the from letters and reports which scintillate with such intense interest. morning service to know that for sev- eral hours in the Far East our Chi- SYRIA nese and Japanese sisters had already "The program was translated into been lifting hearts and voices in Arabic. In many towns programs prayer and praise; it meant much at were distributed in homes the day be- the afternoon service to feel that in a fore the meeting and an invitation few hours women in America would given. At Judeideh the principal ex- gather and remember us in Persia. A cused the advanced class in high school great blessing was ours in getting toto attend the meeting. At Khiam gether and in sharing the larger fel- 869

lowship of the Christian women of been expressed to have such a meetour world." ing not only once a year but more often." "We observed the Day of Prayer meeting in the Armenian church at SCOTLAND 1: 30 p. m. It had previously been planned by a committee co:nposed of "The meetings were well attended three Armenian ladies, two Persian and inspiring. The hope was exladies and one missicnary. They se- pressed that another year more groups lected their own leaders, planning and might be formed to meet for prayer." carrying out details. We felt a close tie with our sisters the world over during NEW ZEALAND those three hours of prayer and meditation. We represented many different "Many reports have come in; each nationalities, Persians, Arme::Iians, Assyrians, Jews, Americans, all meet- one breathes a message of thanksgiving together as one in Christ Jesus. It was all conducted in Persian except ing for mighty uplift and blessing retwo prayers in Armenian and two or three hymns sung by the Armenians. ceived. Our prayer meeting, divided I wish you could have listened to them. As I was walking home with one of into three sessions, was an inspirathe Jewish women after the meeting, she said what an inspiration it had tion; we shall never have any trouble been to meet all together. One lady expressed a wish for a similar meet- in arranging for another. Representaing weekly. tives of eight denominations were "At the meeting in Hamadan on February 15, 1929, much time was present. The inspirational value was spent in prayer, asking God to establish His Church in this country, to evident to all and the hope was exraise strong revivals in the Persian land, and to give full freedom for pressed that simill.lr meetings would those who are converted from Islam, so that they may work freely for their be held." . country and people, and set free the women of Moslem lands. The meeting "As we took part in, the worldwide closed with new pledges of good will and promises to work for Christ in the bond of prayer, we felt we were one coming year." with the great unseen army of inter- HOLLAND cesso·rs in all lands, who are part of "I translated the program adapting it to the needs of our country. As it the same great human family, whose was the first time the Day was observed, we did not expect large re- need is God. Already we are planning sponse, so began with printing 500 programs. After a few weeks 5,000 for next year's meeting." had been distributed up and down the countryside. In 50 different places a These are but a few of the heartenmeeting W88 held. The way many ing messages which have come from women from different churches and walks of life have responded to this all over New Zealand-from cities, call seems to be a sign of real need, of which we were too little conscious country towns, and from the twos and before. In some places the wish has threes in faraway outposts.

AFRICA "We began preparations to observe the Day in the Cameroun over a month previous by giving to the teachers of the schools for women around the Sakbayeme, and to the leaders of morning prayers in the villages, the verses of Scripture that were to be said in unison, so that they might teach them to the women. One woman learned and prayed one of the prayers; another read the seventeenth chapter of John. Four school girls sang a quartette.

"At Nkona there were 250 women present. To quote the evangelist, 'They were very happy to be called with other women to pray.' They asked, 'Will there be another such meeting this year?'

WOMAN'S HOME AND FOREIGN BULLETIN

"Another meeting was held across that Jesus said, 'Where two or three the river at 2 o'clock, as then the are gathered together in my name, women would have returned from there am I in the midst of them.' " their gardens and as the drum for the afternoon session of school beats they MEXICO could know definitely the time of day. About 150 women quietly gathered. ."The Day in Pueblo was most in- It seemed as if there was added dig- spiring, of great spiritual uplift. nity in their bearing. Consciousness 'That all may be one' was the thought that they were an integral part of the presented before the Throne of praying women of the world made Grace. Race, color, social position them forget their color, their feeling were forgotten as all knelt and poured of inferiority, forget themselves in out their hearts before the Lord." the thought that they were one with all God's children, praying for the "The Christian women of the Fedselfsame things, saying the same eral District held a union service in words, singing the same hymns. The the Balderas church. The program day brought blessing to each of us." was followed with all reverence. This service of communion with one an- "At Efulan many took part in the other and with our kind Heavenly meeting; all expressed appreciation Father made a deep impression upon that they had been remembered." us all, and in our hearts there was a feeling of holy joy." "We thank you for including us in this Day of Prayer. We have been CHINA very much helped by it. There were 687 women present at our meeting at "Our churches are not heated ordi- Okon." narily, but for this meeting at Shen- chow we arranged for three braziers "The program was condensed, of charcoal fire around which about 50 adapted and sent to mission stations women gathered. We had a baby orof all denominations in Sierra Leone; gan to help with the singing. On the 11 reports have been received. The walls were pictures of women and chil- Day was observed, no doubt, in other dren of other nations." places not reported. It was suggested that the offering be used for paying "At Kaifeng a continuous prayer school fees of children who would service was held from 7 a. m. to 7 p. otherwise be unable to come to school. m. Some fasted one or two meals of This suggestion was taken kindly and the day. We had some big problems the Bonthe women went the second to bring to God." mile in undertaking the support of a girl at Moyamba. The women of "It was most interesting to see the Sierra Leone are gradually coming interest the younger women took in into their heritage." the service in Peking. Everybody en- joyed working together for it and felt "We had a very fine service in Free- inspired by knowing they were a part town; the women responded so well of a great body of women all over the there was no pause between prayers. world meeting in prayer to God." Everyone Bang heartily. The pastor led in prayer and then the women "Four Chinese women at Weihsien prayed one after the other most earn- formed themselves into a committee. estly." They decided everything, even to what man should be invited to keep up the "With rocks as seats and the canopy fires in the large church building, of a mango tree between us and the what women should serve tea to those sky, three of us missionaries observed who would remain over for the afterthe World Day of Prayer near the noon meeting, and who should take peak of Mt. Leicester. Our attend- care of the children for the day. This ance was small, but we remembered latter was delegated to the husbands and some school girls. There has been a distinct growth in interest in

giving the Gospel to others since our gram was given in English, part in meeting. The collection was a good Visayan. We made our own posters one and was given to employ an extra and announced our meeting in the dif- Bible woman." ferent services for two weeks before the meeting. The women were seated "At least 200 women gathered for in groups in the chapel, each group the service at Hengchow. To make having its banner." more vivid the idea that women all over the world were joining at the INDIA same time in a great volume of prayer, a group of young school teachers and "Under the shade of palm and others worked out a simple pageant, shisam trees, the Christian women of each wearing the costume of a given Mainpuri met to pray. A very imnation. Each told something of the pressive part of the afternoon proprogress of Christianity in the coun- gram was the prayers for all nations, try she represented, followed by the last prayer being one of special prayer." thanksgiving for all mothers through- out the world who had dedicated their "The various churches united in one sons and daughters to the service of big union meeting here in Changsha. the Lord." We followed the program suggested; had many denominations represented, "The service was truly an impresas well as nationalities. Changsha sive one at Sangli; the women enhas a variety of missions. There are tered thoroughly into the spirit and English, Germans, Nor w e g ian s , thrill of the observance of being part Swedes, and Americans; all took part of what Christian women were doing on the program. A splendid spirit of all round the globe. The offering infellowship and unity was manifested; cluded not only money, but three live more than 300 people were present." chickens, some grain, some peanuts. We all felt greatly uplifted by this PHILIPPINES service."

"The Day was observed among the "The program was put into the ver- Tagalog speaking people. It was in- nacular, somewhat adapted to India. deed inspiring to see the response It has been printed in our vernacular which the churches made. The offer- paper, the Sahayak Patrika, which ings went for work in Africa. We circulates among about 40 missions in want the folks there to know that it India." was a joy for us to give and that this money is only a token of the love and "In Guntur we began the day in the interest for their work which was born Mangalamandiram with prayer and in our hearts on the World Day of closed it at the Y. W. C. A. with Prayer." prayer. The program prepared in Telugu was distributed. We had a "The Day was observed in Ilocos meeting at the hospital chapel at Norte and Sur provinces and offerings noon; there was one at the Stall taken for work which the churches in School at the same time. At the close these districts support in the moun- of the afternoon meeting I asked the tains among pagan tribes. From all women what message I should send reports the programs were very worth- you. They said in one voice, 'Send us while in all the churches where they material for next year without fail, as were held. New spiritual life was we liked this program very much.' " awakened in the hearts of many, a world-wide interest and vision." "Yesterday was another great day for Kodoli district. The fact that all "The Mothers' Club, Christian En- the world of Christian women were deavor societies, Bible school women, using the same hymns, same Scripture nurses from the hospital and the Lola- made a wonderful impression on our litas of Silliman took part in the serv- Indian sisters. The offering of money, ice at Dumaguete. Part of the pro-

WOMAN'S HOME AND FOREIGN BULLETIN

eggs, peanuts and Kaffir corn, was WORLD DAY OF PRAYER AT given for work in Tibet." KOllOLI. INDIA " 'The whole round earth' was certainly bound by gold chains about the that everyone who had part received feet of God' on the World Day of a special spiritual blessing. In Oliveira Prayer. Our little corner in Dehra our whole congregation came and took Dun, we earnestly hope, formed a very part and we felt the Spirit with us. golden link of that chain which united Although the women put it on, much us at the feet of God, where all are one propaganda was made for all-men, in Christ." women and children-to attend and it seemed the churches were full at one JAPAN hour or another on that day. It was fine to know the whole world was at "The programs were a great bless- prayer." ing to our work here, both last year and this. We had translated and BRITISH GUIANA adapted the program, and the women entered into the spirit of it with great "Our meeting here at New Amsterearnestness. It was a new, rich expe- dam was indeed wonderful. Since the rience to them, and they were enthusi- women here can not get out during astic over continuing to observe the the day, except on Sunday, we held a Day regularly." meeting on the evening of the 15th. It did not look very promising all that "Yesterday saw our first celebra- day, as it rained most of the time, but tion of the Day here in Hiroshima. around six o'clock the sky cleared and The program was translated into J apa- the stars and moon shone with all the nese and copies sent to the various brilliancy of a tropical sky, so people churches. We began preparation were able to come out in quite a good early in the week by explaining it in number. Many races were represented the different Bible classes, and by post- -Negroes, East Indians, Portuguese. ing notices and verses of Scripture. Members of different churches-Meth- The response on the part of the stu- odist, Canadian Presbyterian, Scotch dents was the thing that pleased me Presbyterian, Congregational, Lumost. All were impressed by the fact theran, Salvation Army-took part in that they were taking part in a world the program, which consisted of short movement, and that they of Japan talks on the objectives of the Day, and really had the privilege of leading off prayer, which was emphasized the in a worldwide chain of prayer." most, of course. It was really an in- spirational meeting and it did create KOREA a spirit of unity between all the Christian churches in this town. We "February 15th we gave up classes all felt as if we were one Church, as to join with the women of the church we are, inde"!d all one in Christ." in the World Day of Prayer. The meeting lasted from 11 to almost 3, SIAM with no signs of restlessness, so we kept on without the intermissions we "For the first time our women at had expected to have between differ- Chiengmai observed the World Day of ent topics. The bell rang each hour, though, so that those who could not come for it all, came for part. Such earnest prayers!"

BRAZIL "Five spiritual meetings were reported. Some divided the program into three meetings-8 a. m., 12 noon, and 7 p. m.- so that a larger number could attend. All emphasized the fact

Prayer. It was a beautiful service, was a great success; a real spiritual entirely in the hands of the Siamese uplift came from this effort. It was women. The program was practically an all-day program with an interval the same as was used in America." of about twenty minutes at noon. The nearness of those who were praying CANADA all over the world was just thrilling."

"In Toronto several thousand women "Last Friday was a great day in attended the meetings which were held San Francisco, California. More than in 18 churches, 15 or 16 nationalities 1,000 women attended the three-hour being represented in the leadership- service." Swedish, Finn, Indian, Ukranian, Japanese, Bulgarian, Chinese, Rus- "Several denominations in Pensasian, Italian, Dutch, Polish, Hunga- cola, Florida, held a real prayer servrian, Armenian, Macedonian, etc. ice. The colored churches were our Great publicity was given to the meet- guests and were given a part on the ings by the daily press." program-a big step for southern people." Canada has been very successful in enlisting the women living in the scat- "We had nearly 100 in our meeting tered rural communities and many of at Minot, North Dakota; 40 nurses the most precious meetings have been from a local hospital attended. The those where there have been but the meeting in the afternoon had groups "twos and threes." from six or seven denominations."

UNITED STATES "We observed the day at Winterset, Iowa, in cottage prayer meetings in Reports have been received from twelve homes." meetings held in every state. In New York the women of the five boroughs "Our Day of Prayer at EI Paso, in Greater New York, which includes Texas, was a wonderful day and cumu- Brooklyn and Staten Island, came to- lative in power. The auditorium was gether in 30 different churches. filled. The decorations at the noon Women of many denominations, many luncheon featured the nations, with nationalities, and different races wor- women in costume. American flags on shipped together. One borough re- the platform and lighted candles on ported at least 10 different nationali- white pedestals at each station around ties at the meetings, and prayers were the room illustrated 'prayer around offered in a number of languages. the world.''' Many groups of young people participated. Between 7,000 and 8,000 copies "The ladies of the missionary socieof a special "Call to Prayer to the ties of Billings, Montana, look forward Youth of the World" were distributed to this time each year when we all in young people's groups. Still an- meet together in prayer." other feature was a children's service held at the same hour as the women's Jackson, Tennessee, had a fine meetmeeting, but in a neighboring church. ing with all faiths represented. The "Shut-ins" had been provided with Catholic priest commended the plan programs so they could follow the and purpose of the meeting and the service. Sisters gave it publicity.

Mrs. D. E. Waid, of the Council of In order that mothers of young Women for Home Missions, conducted children might be in attendance at the morning devotions over WEAF and meeting in Phrenix, Arizona, special allied stations. The radio was also nurses were provided to have charge utilized in other cities all over the of the children. United States. Supplies for March 7, 1930 "The union meeting in which the churches of Joliet, lUinois, cooperated. THEME: "That Jesus May Be Lifted Up"

We are especially happy over the

WOMAN'S HOME AND FOREIGN BULLETIN

JEAN PAx'rON IDSPERANZA HELEN KIM MRS. S. S. HOUGH ABELLERA materials* for this observance because Introducing Our Friends of content, authorship and attractive appearance. It is a very real joy to Mrs. S. S. Hough, Chairman of the have the Program the product of Joint Committee on World Day of Korea, the cycle of prayer on the Prayer since January, 1925, was, as "Call" from the Philippines, and the Mrs. Albert, a missionary to Africa Service of Consecration by an Ameri- for three and a half years. After the can. death of her husband, returning to this country she served for nine years The "Call" is for daily use begin- as editor of the women's missionary ning immediately. There are little periodical of her denomination, until seals to be utilized on all correspond- she married Mr. Hough. For the past ence from now until the Day, and a two years she has been president of poster to be conspicuously displayed in the Women's Missionary Association churches, stores, offices. of the United Brethren in Christ. She is a member of the Executive Commit- Accompanying the program, "That tees of the Federation and Council. Jesus May Be Lifted Up," there is a picture sheet depiciting the four proj- Miss Helen Kim, Dean of Women, ects assigned for free will offerings Ehwa Haktang College, Seoul, Korea, on the Day. Suggestions for leaders who made the main draft of the 1930 are with the program, and suggestions program, came to Ehwa Haktang, for leaders of the Service of Conse· Seoul, when a very little girl. A scholcration will be found in that booklet. arship was secured for her, and this, together with her own self-help Looking Unto Jesus through such work as ringing the bell for prayers, classes and meals, pro- A Service of Consecration with vided for her board and room. She was above title has been prepared by Miss graduated from Ehwa High School; Jean Paxton to be used by the local took her Post Graduate in Ohio Wesleaders and committee in charge in leyan University, Delaware, Ohio. preparation for the World Day of She was a delegate to the Pacific Re- Prayer or by the whole group at a lations Conference in Honolulu, Hapreliminary service on the Day. waii, and to the Jerusalem Conference.

Based upon the Messages fom the Miss Esperanza Abellera, who pre- Jerusalem Conference, all study pared the "Call to Prayer," is the groups will find it very helpful used daughter of a Filipino pastor who gave in connection with the books on "The up a teaching position at 100 pesos a World Mission of Christianity." month to preach for 30 pesos. He was the founder of the first United Church *'fhe program is 2 cents, $1.75 per 100; of the Islands. While away from home the SerViCe of Consecration, 10 cents. only two Esperanza wrote to her father: "You being needed for a meeting; the "Call" is free; have prayed that one of your children poster. 10 cents; seals. $1.75 pf'r 1,000. 25 cents per 100. All supplies should be ordered from denominational beadquarters.

might follow you into the ministry; I of the Church. Through the Boards had a long struggle between my way the message will go out to the utterand God's, and God won." She has most parts of the earth. It has algraduated from the University of the ready gone through the countries of Philippines, taken her Master's work Europe. All around the world women at Columbia and at present is studying are summoned to the Day of Prayer, for her degree of Doctor of Philos- March 7, 1930, to ask that this power ophy. may be given again, knowing that the condition is witnessing for Him. We Miss Jean Grigsby Paxton is a mem- ask all Christian women and girls to ber of the staff, Foreign Division of join in this spiritual fellowship and to the National Board, Young Women's begin even now to pray that there may Christian Associations of the United be a great awakening of the Spirit States. She was in Canton, China, for among all women everywhere. a term as secretary of the Young Women's Christian Association there. The topic for our World Day of Prayer this year of Pentecost, 1930, A World Fellowship of Ohristian is "That Jesus may be lifted up." How can He be lifted up without our * Women human hands? How can He be made known to these who have never heard, By MRS. HENRY W. PEABODY without our voice? And so we come ourselves, pledged to new consecration, We have read of the Day of Pente- pleading for a new vision of the cost and of the birthday of the Chris- world's need and a new vision of the tian Church which we love. We have world Saviour, pledged to witnessing realized that they were not all great and testimony in our word and life leaders, highly educated men and and deed which shall go on and on women, but very simple peasant work- until the last woman has been reached ing people who followed Jesus, who through this World Fellowship of Himself was a carpenter. After He Christian Women. left them they remembered His last message, "All power is given unto me It does not mean an offering of in heaven and in earth; . . . ye shall money; it must be done very simply, receive power after that the Holy as they did it long ago, but there must Spirit is come upon you, and ye shall be this power of the Holy Spirit and be my witnesses both in Jerusalem, there must be a dedication of life and and in all Judea and Samaria, and un- a new realization of the need and the to the uttermost part of the earth." power of the message.

As we think of those insignificant Suppose we all begin now to pray. Some of us have taken the very first groups, opposed by the great estab- waking hours in the morning to pray for a fresh outpouring of the Holy lished Jewish bodies, derided by the Spirit, forming a great fellowship of prayer. Then suppose we read again cultured rulers, going from village to very carefully the life of Jesus in His Gospels, and also the Acts of the village, poor, unsupported, carrying Apostles. For God is asking us for a new book of Acts of Women Apostles. the message-for they did not have Women must go, in the main, to women. Suppose we find our message, the New Testament or the Gospels, as the old, old story, and begin to give it and live it in a World Fellowship of we have them, only their contact with Christian Women. It could change the the Lord and with those who had seen whole face of the world and could him-there is no accounting except bring again the fervor of Pentecost.

that this promised Spirit came in power and so they carried the Word men and women, young and old. '

We have proposed that we Christian women form a spiritual union, without additional organization, to observe this 1900th anniversary of the beginning * Leafl.(-lt may be Pl'oclll'pd frum the Fj~dera­ tion or Council.

AMERICA these art products will be made

children, by Indians, and by peons. It C. E. Among Lepe…. is through art that the Mexican peo- ple express their genius and soul. PORTO RICO has its share of lep- rosy, although the disease is not Following the receipt of the "Friendspreading and does not form a major ship School Bags" ten lessons on interdanger to the lives of the people. The national good will were introduced into known cases, about 50, are isolated in Mexico's regular school curriculum. a modern colony maintained by the insular government. The evangelical A third American project will be the churches of the island, realizing the sending of a friendship symbol to Filiimportance of some Christian work pino children, to be called a "Treasure among those confined in the various Chest," into which will go various arstate institutions grouped around Rio ticles that all children enjoy and at Piedras, called a seminary graduate to least one book.

give his whole time to this work. The two institutions which claim the major An Indian Story part of his time are the leper colony MR. L. L. LETGERS, field repreand the tubercular sanitarium. In sentative of the Indian Mission both of these his work has been most of America, tells the following Indian acceptable and has produced fine re- story: "I shall not forget Anselmo, a sults. But among the lepers the work Guatemala Indian, a weak old man is more spectacular. Here, according with most of his lower teeth gone. I to the management, the question of can see him walking along. In his discipline has completely changed. right hand he carried a little Deitz Much more liberty is now being given lantern. In one pocket of his coat a to the patients with fewer breaches of bottle of oil, and in a little sack his confidence and trust. Out of a total of Bible and Testament. I said, 'Ansel- 50 patients, 39 belong to the Christian mo, why do you carry that lantern?' Endeavor Society. – Christian Cen- He said to me, 'I am getting old; I tury. cannot sleep well at night, and when I awaken I light my lantern and I can Friendship With Mexican Children read my Bible and sing praises to my L AST year, children of the United Saviour." States stretched hands across the On one of my trips to Guatemala, Rio Grande in friendly gesture by Mr. Burgess asked me whether I would sending Mexico's children 30,000 give a few Indian men special lessons school bags. This courtesy is now to in soul winning. While speaking I be reciprocated. Dr. Moises Saenz, turned to the old man and said, "Tell Assistant Minister of the Mexican Ed- me, Anselmo, how many have you led ucational Bureau, tells of the forma- to Jesus this year (this was about the tion in Mexico of a National Com- twelfth of February)?" The old man's mittee on World Friendship Among face fell. He said, "Ah, Senor, very Children, which is planning to send, few." I said, "Tell me, how many have before the end of this year to each you led to Jesus this year?" He said, state in the United States an exhibit, "There are not more than thirty."

representative of the artistic handi- Early in July of that year I received craft of the Mexican people. Many of a letter from the old man and it con- 877

bined a list of 144 whom he had led ance with the textbooks approved by to Jesus before the first of July. Aft- the Ministry of Education.

er the meeting Anselmo asked me to What this law will mean to the go with him to a place where he had Evangelical Mission Schools in Peru been working among the Mam Indians. cannot yet be determined. It would He had a group of young folks he had appear that under it no Protestant been teaching and they had never had child can receive a Protestant educa- an opportunity to make confession of tion in any school in Peru. At best, their faith to anyone who seemed to he can only be excused from Catholic them to have authority. instruction. Meanwhile Protestant The old man had them come to us missionaries are meeting in Lima and individually, and while standing before elsewhere for conference and prayer.

us they made their profession of faith and said, after telling the things that Protestantism in Brazil P they believed, "I have received Jesus ROTESTANTISM in Brazil is com- posed of two great groups, one of Christ as my personal Saviour." German churches and the other of na- This old Indian is the only witness tive. The latter constitute 340 parfor Christ in a tribe of 200,000.- ishes with 33,000 members and 190,000 American Indian Stories. children attending Sunday-schools.

Hospital for Costa Rica These churches belong to different de- nominations, each one of them pub- WORK in the Hospital Clinico Bib- lico in Costa Rica was inaugurated lishing a periodical for its members. on July 14th with appropriate ceremonies. Representatives of all classes of The Episcopalians, with 25 churches society were present. The hospital is and 20 pastors, publish the Estandarte divided into three sections: surgical Christao; the Methodist Episcopal clinic, maternity clinic, and children's clinic, the first two for paying patients, with 83 churches and 70 pastors, the the receipts going to the upkeep of Expositor Christao; the Baptists with the children's free clinic. 212 churches and 129 pastors, the Jor- nal Ba.pti!Jta; the Presbyterians with The operating room is admirably 128 churches and 80 pastors, the Puriequipped with a complete sterilizing tano; the Independent Presbyterians outfit, unequalled in the entire country. In the children's clinic there are cots with 84 churches and 22 pastors, the for thirty children. Semana Eva:ngelica and the Congrega- tionalists publish the 0 Christao.- Renacimiento (Lima, Peru).

In a visit of courtesy, the President Bush Negroes of Surinam of Costa Rica, Hon. Gonzalez Viquez, cordially expressed his interest in the MR. FISCHER of the Moravian effort to lower the infant mortality, Church in Surinam tells somethe official figures being 50% of chil- thing of his experiences on a trip up dren under five years and 33% under the Cottica River to visit the Bush one year. Negroes. He writes: Crisis in Peru "Many of the young people are weary of their heathen religion. They A DIFFICULT situation has arisen have thrown away all amulets and oth- in Peru owing to the passing of er heathen objects usually worn by a new law prohibiting the teaching of their people, and they no longer take any doctrine opposed to the state re- part in the heathen dances. We see ligion in any public or private school, the glory of God in the lives of people and decreeing that moral and religious who have come out of heathenism into education shall be given, subject to the the Christian life. To none is the plans, programs, and decrees which the change more apparent than to the heathen people. God often uses the Government may make, and in accord- lives of the converts to witness for

WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

Him. What wonderful faith and cour- The Gospels we gave the prisoners of age is imparted by the Holy Spirit to San Stefano, where no stranger is those who are saved. Would to God allowed to land, were accepted with that we in the home churches had the joy. The Director wishes to see you." same courage to witness for God before the unbelieving people of this The Director said : "Your books age !"-The Moravian. have brought peace in this island among our poor criminals. I am glad EUROPE if you have some more books for them." The Director gave him a per- The Missionary Calling mit to visit the cells. The guard un- locked one cell after another and REV. ROBERT FORGAN, of Scot- Signor Santoro spoke to the men and land, has made some observations offered them Gospels. as to the homes and parentage of present day missionaries. Speaking of the Colporteur Santoro distributed three United Free Church, he states: hundred copies of Proverbs and 1,700 Gospels in the three islands which he l. Of the 220 men missionaries visited. about 75 are the sons either of ministers or of missionaries. Leprosy in Europe 2. Of the 214 women missionaries REV. JUSTIN E. ABBOTT, D.D., about 70 are the daughters either of reports a visit made to various ministers or ot missionaries. countries of Europe to gain first hand knowledge of leper problems. His 3. Of the 180 wives of missionaries method was to visit Departments of about 60 are "the daughteJ:s either of Public Health, and gratefully acknowlministers or of missionaries. edges that he was met with unvarying courtesy. Poland, Austria, Hungary 4. During the last twenty-five years and Czechoslovakia were found to have about 40 of our women missionaries no cases, although there were special became wives of missionaries, and laws providing for the handling of quite a large number of these were the such cases. Yugoslavia has 74 known daughters either of ministers or of cases, Italy 226 and Switzerland posmissionaries. sibly as many as 25. Italy has a small leprosarium with about thirty inmates. From these figures it appears that Aside from this, there is no special out of the total of 614 men and women provision for lepers in Italy. . missionaries and wives of missionaries more than 200 have been provided The complete absence of leprosy from the homes either of ministers or from central Europe is accounted for of missionaries-that is, in brief, one- by the fact that none of these counthird of the whole staff. Of this 200 tries have colonies in lands infested it appears that about two-thirds are with leprosy, nor have they any comsons or daughters of home ministers, mercial relations with such countries, and one-third are sons or daughters of as have England, France, Spain, Pormissionaries in the foreign field.-U. tugal and Italy. Dr. Abbott has as F. Church Record. yet been unable to visit Roumania, Bulgaria, Greece and Albania. The Gospels for Italian PrLsoners League of Nations is collecting infor- mation along this line, and supply the I T IS a rule that no visitors are al- following figures: Crete, 400; Cyprus, lowed in the prison, which is built 250; Malta, 249; Roumania, 338. on a big reef of the island of San Adding these incomplete figures to the Stefano. The men there are reputed total for Yugoslavia, Italy and Switthe worst. Two years ago Dr. Pons, zerland, the total known cases reach an Evangelical Christian in Italy, took 1,572 for Central and Southern Euan opportunity Qf sending 500 Gospels rope. to the prison through contractors who supply provisions. Signor Santoro, a colporteur, later saw these men who said, "We have good news for you.

Prohibition in Germany point is made of establishing centers in hot beds of racial friction. T EN years ago the Germans looked upon water as something to run Ne", Pastors for Ru,ssia under a bridge, and to ask for a drink of it was to receive a good laugh. THE second graduating class at the Now, Germany is beginning to won- Lutheran Theological Seminary at der if she can spend three billion Leningrad, Russia, has added fifteen marks annually on alcoholic drink and young pastors to the seventy-nine who hold a place in world affairs. A little serve about 1,000,000 Lutherans in over two years ago a mass meeting was Russia. The ordination of these fifheld in St. Paul's church, at Frank- teen young pastors, two of whom are fort, to consider the question of local Ests ready to preach to Esthonianoption. Questions discussed were: speaking congregations, and all of them splendidly equipped for their 1. The Significance of Local Option service to the church, will permit the for the German Nation. 2. Local Op- retirement of several aged pastors who tion and the German Woman. 3. Lo- should be granted release from activcal Option and German Labor. ity.

Those who are working for tem- Bishop Meyer, of Moscow, in adperance in Germany are divided into two groups. The first organization is dressing the Lutherans of America, in favor of total abstinence and prohibition, the second is working simply writes: . for temperance, or moderate drinking. Also, the leaders are unable to collect "Not being able today to go into funds to promote the cause, but un- detail, I -CRn report to you only in questionably the nation is alert to the general that the condition of the progress of prohibition in other lands. church and of the congregations is growing worse all the time. Thus we The "y" in Czechoslovakia are looking upon it as a special grace of God that we were able to increase AMONG the 13% million people in the number of pastors in our church by these graduates of the Leningrad .tl. Czechoslovakia are seven lead- Seminary. This was the more neces- sary because a number of former pasing races, one half Czechs and three- tors have become feeble and unable to fourths Roman Catholics. The Prot- work. Thus it is fortunate that the estants, next largest element, number supreme church council is in a position about 8%. These include Czech Breth- to fill gaps. Our congregations appreren, Lutherans, Calvinists, Methodists ciate the fact that our fellow believers and Moravians. made it possible through their gifts to take care of the training of these The Young Men's Christian Associ- young pastors. If that had not been ation was at work in this country be- the case our congregations would be in fore the war, but it was then a church a still worse position." organization, weak in membership and in program. Its chief aim was to keep AFRICA the youth in the churches, and to protect them from the destructive influ- Algiers Mission Band ences of society. Following the war, the whole program has changed to em- MISS HELEN FREEMAN, pioneer phasize the idea of service, based on worker of the Algiers Mission the belief that individuals and nations Band, says that there is very little have a mission to fulfil; character ground in all the world that has been training; Christianity in daily life; so soaked with martyr blood as North cooperation and self-discipline. The Africa, and that present day service "Y" stands aside from church con- there is a "work of retrieval." flicts; and has found one of its chief services in acting as a link between In 1888 Miss I. Lilias Trotter and national groups. In fact, a special her friend Miss Haworth settled

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among the Moslems of Algiers. Three the Moslems have taken to reading, years previously the North Africa Mis- and as they read they realize that they sion had opened its first station. Be- themselves and Islam are behind the fore then Mohammedanism had re- times and want to be brought up to mained for centuries unchallenged, and date. The EI-Azhar University in it was only after nineteen years of Cairo, the stronghold of Islam, has gradual growth that a society was or- purchased a thousand copies of the ganized under the name of the Algiers Bible in Arabic and a thousand copies Mission Band. Today it has fourteen of the New Testament. They have stations, with thirty-five missionaries. done it to compare the Christian Scrip- The Band has for its. aim "the evan- tures with the Koran, but the sword gelization of the Arabic-speaking Mos- of the Spirit has entered the heart of lems of Algeria, with special emphasis Islam.-Blessed Be Egypt.

on the needs of the practically un- touched peoples of the South." Miss Missions to Use Inventions Trotter's ambition was to push ever AGERMAN missionary, Father further and further into the desert, Schulte, of the Roman Catholic where some of the oases support popu- Missionary Society, a former aviator, lations that run into the thousands. proposes to use automobiles, airplanes, Intolerant Egypt motor boats, motorcycles and radio for the prosecution of missionary work in EGYPT professes to include in her Africa. He strongly advocates the un- constitution liberty of religion, limited exploitation of modern technibut in actual fact, this is not true. cal devices in connection with carrying Bishop Gwynne, of the Anglican the Gospel to the darker regions of the church in Egypt and the Sudan, re- earth and believes that the use of aircently reported to the Near East planes and other modern agencies of Christian Council that two women con- locomotion would accelerate and simverts of the Egypt General Mission plify the work of missionaries in unwere "by the order of the Moslem re- cultivated regions. ligious courts forced back to their fa- Captain Herman Koehl, the transatnatical relatives." "It is estimated," he lantic flier, with Colonel James Fitzsaid, "that about 400 Copts become maurice, one of his companions in the Moslems in Egypt every year-every flight of the Bremen, has placed himprovision is made for their reception self at the service of the society in into the faith of Islam; but when connection with its proposed aviation these two Moslem women wished to service in Africa, where it is intended openly confess Christianity, justice is to establish a missionary base in the refused. A convert on being baptized northern part of the former German is deprived of his patrimony. A wom- Southwest Africa which will be an has no power to change her faith equipped with ten automobiles, three in Egypt. If unmarried, her person motor boats, three airplanes and wirecan be claimed by her father or her less telegraph. The first motor boat, guardian; if married, by her hus- christened Pius XI, has already been band."-Alliance Weekly. shipped.

Well-known German steamship lines Modem'll Read the Bible and automobile and airplane manufac- THERE never was a time when there turers have promised to promote the was such readiness to receive and society's African plans. read the printed page, or when Mos- lems all over the Moslem world were A Gospel Triumph T so eager to possess themselves of HE Mashukulumbwe tribe, south of the Kafue River, is one of the most Christian literature and to study it. The unrest in Islam today is un- degraded of Africa. The natives were doubtedly largely due to the fact that slaves to other tribes before the ad- 5

vent of the British government, and the movement more marked. Forward- are noticeable because of the absence looking statesmen visualize a fusion of of upper teeth. They worship the all the great territories under the cow, and so during childhood the upper British Crown stretching from Cape teeth are removed in veneration of this Town northward through the Union of animal. Possibly this tribe has the South Africa, Rhodesia, and Nyasa- most degrading customs of any people. land, into the East African Protector- They have a particularly harmful ates.

method of smoking. A hole is made in If figures may be relied upon, South the ground and filled with tobacco and Africans are very religious. When the other more harmful ingredients. A last census was taken, only 3,203 perlong hollow reed is thrust into the cavity, and a lump of burning charcoal sons in a total population of 1,519,488, placed on top of the tobacco. The na- declared themselves as of "no relitives inhale deeply, and between in- gion." halations take a drink of water. The result is startling, for after a short The largest and most influential time they become intoxicated; and church is the Dutch Reformed, which continued indulgence causes madness. has more adherents than all the rest of the churches put together. Here are The results from preaching the Gos- the figures for the first eight bodies: pel among these people is most remarkable. Two native evangelists have Dutch churches ……. . . . . . .. 383,982 returned from one of their large vil- Anglican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294,026 lages after holding meetings for two weeks, and report more than one hun- Methodist. …. . . . … . … . … 102,771 dred conversions. Presbyterian ……………. 74,999 A few years ago a Christian teacher Roman Catholic …………. 61,246 was sent to a large Mashukulumbwe village, the Sodom of this section. At Lutheran ………………. 19,098 first little interest was taken, but soon Baptist ………………… 15,414 a school was established, and regular church services were carried on. Soon Congregationalist ………… 10,598 some began to take a stand for Christ. One day the chief decided that his vil- But the drink traffic is a serious lage should become a Christian village, question, divorce is becoming more common and moral standards are on the downward trend, against all of which the Christian conscience is as- serting itself. A recent Liquor Act embodies many radical reforms.- Christian Herald.

and that he was going to take a strong stand against such things as smoking, The Year in Tanganyika.

witchcraft, polygamy, and child-marri- ALL the stations and most of the outage. Today there is a strong church 1". schools of the Tanganyika Misin this village.–C. E. World. sion report unusually large increases in attendance, both at school and re- Importance of South Africa ligious services. The large school at T HE Union of South Africa is the Kijima has been taxed to capacity, most important white unit on the and the church at Busia can scarcely continent, and seems destined to be- accommodate the congregations which come the determinant of all Africa, assemble. One of the fruits of unin- not only because of the type of its terrupted services has been the bap- people, but because of its vast physi- tism of 57 men and women from the cal resources of soil, minerals and ani- Nera work, 33 at Busia, and 9 at mal life. The million and a half Lohumbo. There were also 182 pro- British, Dutch and other European fessions of faith from the Busia peoples are looking to the north for work. Church offerings were $776.12.

openings, making civilization's ad- By way of illustrating the difficulty vancing line from south to north, and of quoting accurate figures, native the coming of the railroad has made Christians at an out-school gave of

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money, time and material for the last issue of the journal, The Hebrew building of a church about $125, Christian. Writing about this remark- which is not included in the report, able feature of how the land shall be since it did not pass through the reg- governed and supervised, Sir Leven- ular channels. Again, a native teacher son says, in so far as has been com- so faithfully observed Christian char- mitted to it the task of preparing it, ity that frequent travelers stopping the Alliance will pursue the policies of for hospitality consumed all his food said organization to assist the Jews supplies. This represented heavy out- who are in distress, and also will give lay, and cannot be figured in terms of work to the Jews who live in the land real value as Christian testimony.- of their fathers without any discrimi- Inland Africa. nation, whether they have obeyed the commandment of righteousness, or not.

WESTERN ASIA It is 'also planned to build, upon that oil/Intercessory Members" of Union place, homes where Jewish Christians will be able to learn various trades, so THE "Bible Lands Sunday-school that they will be independent. It is Union," believing that many Chris- also their purpose to erect a Jewish tians unable to attend the recent Con- Christian Church, where baptized bevention at Baalbek, Syria, yet were lievers may worship.-Word and vitally interested in its success, ar- Work. ranged for "intercessory member- ships." An intercessory member is one who promises to pray regularly, from Those Persian Rugs K the day of his registration to the close ERMAN is one of the centers of the Persian rug industry. About of the Convention, for its success-success in the sight of God. Such persons 3,000 women and girls work as weavare considered regular members of the ers in this city, toiling nine hours a convention. ' day in winter, eleven in summer. A While the registration fee for those writer in Persia, Old and New says of in attendance was $1.00, intercessory them: "It is not possible for you to members paid fifty cents. This fee was meet in Kerman one weaver who has asked for four reasons: the appearance of a human being. The (1) That they may feel they are majority of the men and women are formally identified with the conven- sallow, abject hunchbacks, with detion, (2) That they may share in the formed legs."

financial responsibility, (3) That dele- Girls are apprenticed as weavers gates may feel they are sustained by when six or seven years old. For this the prayers of many who are present the parents are paid £4 in advance and in spirit though absent in body, (4) £6 or £8 more in instalments during That through this definite association the five years of the apprenticeship.

of delegates and intercessory members The girls themselves receive nothing there may be developed a unity of spir- whatever apart from these payments it which shall prepare the way for an to the parents. At their work the girls advance program of religious educa- sit on a bare, narrow plank without tion in Bible lands. a back to it. T.ley all become more or less deformed, some much more Church :for Jewish Christians than others. Marriage is extremely THE bit of land known as "Abra- dangerous for them, for because of ham's Vineyard," near the city their deformity, normal child-birth is walls of Jerusalem, is now turned over impossible. Except where competent to the "International Hebrew Chris- surgical treatment is provided death tian Alliance." Sir Leon Levenson, is the result in all but a few cases.

President of the Alliance, made note Missionaries of the C. M. S. are min- of the stupendous undertaking in the istering to what is left of these poor

girls after they have woven their fin- Seventeen thousand one hundred and est and best into floor coverings. sixty-nine Christians are reported. Average church attendance totals 6,- Persia is not a Christian country 205, while the average number of comand it is not probable that any of the municants is recorded as 1,889. A' factories where these outrages against good gain was made for the period womanhood are perpetrated are under under review, which was 15 instead the management of professed Chris- of the usual 12 months, owing to a tians, but a large proportion of the change in the system of keeping the output of the factories ultimately records. Baptisms numbered 630 chilreaches the homes of Christian people. dren of Christians and 1,069 converts A boycott of the industry until re- from non-Christians. In addition to forms are effected would be reasonable the fifty-one missionaries, twenty-two and right.-Indian Witness. pastors, 225 elders, 70 Bible women and 143 teachers are engaged in the INDIA AND SIAM work of the church.

Two Significant DocuDlcnt. An unusual column in the Mission Report is headed "Excommunicated." TWO Indian Church Documents have That excommunication is not out-of- recently issued from the press. The date in the group is made clear by the "Confession of Faith, Constitution, entry of 124 in this column. Exactly Rules, and Forms of Procedure" of the one half of the stations excommuni- United Church of Northern India ap- cated one or more members, one conpears in final form as drafted by the gregation thus expelling no fewer than Executive Committee of the General 43 out of a total Christian community Assembly. The book consists of 69 of 418. That some of those pronounced pages analyzed as follows: Confession unworthy to remain in the church of Faith, Constitution, Rules and profit by the stern punishment meted Forms of Procedure, Appendices: A. out to them is shown by the re-admis- Rules of Debate, and B. Forms. The sion to the church of 69, or a number freedom allowed in the Form of Ac- a little more than half as large as the ceptance demanded of all ministers, number excommunicated. – Indian reads as follows: "I receive and adopt, Witness. for substance of doctrine, the Confession of Faith of this Church as based Gwalior's "Conversion Bill" on and in accord with the Word of God. I N Gwalior is a general assembly The other document to which we which meets once a year and makes make reference is the "Proposed suggestions for legislation. The body Scheme of Union" of the Church of presents its requests in the form of India, Burma and Ceylon, The South detailed bills, but it has no power to India United Church, and The South enact laws. That lies with the Council India Provincial Synod of the Wesley- of Regency. In 1928 the general asan Methodist Church. The combined sembly presented a "conversion" bill. totals of baptized and communicants The object of the bill is to prevent any number some 616,199 persons. This person changing his religion because final draft of the scheme of union for of "coercion, undue influence, or mapresentation to the churches concerned terial inducement." It is popularly represents the product of ten years' known as the "minor" bill. It would labor.-Indian Standard. prevent any person between the ages of seven and twenty-one years from Santal Mission of North India changing his or her religion either voluntarily or at the will of the parents THE Santal Mission is aided by or guardians. Children under seven three boards, one in Norway, one would remain under the parents' conin Denmark and one in the United trol in religious matters. Any person States. The missionaries are recruited from each of these three countries, but are organized and work on the field as a single unit.

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over twenty-one desiring to change his ing as lay preachers. Cochin-China religion, would be obliged to intimate reports six self-supporting churches, his intention to a magistrate. The of- with an active church membership of ficer would publish his name and after 2,861. Tithing has been stressed, refifteen days either grant or withhold sulting in increased offerings and more the privilege of change of religion. self-supporting churches. Two members of the Council have stated that the bill is not directed Religious Freedom in Patiala against Christianity. A number agree with them. Others there are whose THE restrictions upon the Gospel opinion on this point cannot be ascer- imposed in some states are untained.-Indian Standard. known in Patiala, premier state in the Punjab. Hindus, Moslems and Sikhs French Indo-China as well as Christians enjoy religious liberty. The Christian Church was es- THE French Indo-China Mission un- tablished here through the work of the der the Christian and Missionary ministers of the Methodist Episcopal Alliance reports encouraging progress Church who first came to the city in in 1928. Protestants are granted full 1890. religious liberty in French territory, but in the Protectorates-Annam, The usual methods of proclaiming Toukin and Cambodia-ancient trea- the truth are followed here. At melas ties which gave religious freedom to and like gatherings Bible portions and Roman Catholics made no mention of religious booklets are sold and tracts Protestants, thus excluding them from are distributed in large numbers. Bethis privilege. However, an epoch- sides this all preachers and a few laymaking event in Annamese Protestant- men sell religious books, especially ism was the audience accorded by the portions of the Holy Scriptures, in the Governor-General at Hanoi, February bazaars of the city and in the weekly 28, 1929, to the Committee of the An- or the bi-weekly bazaars in rural namese Evangelical church. The Gov- places. ernor received them cordially, accepted the copies of the Church Constitution A college has been opened by the given him, and expressed a desire that Maharaja where free tuition is prothis church should enjoy the same lib- vided. Although there is no school erties as the Catholic Church. under Christian auspices, Christian children are not deprived of education- At the close of 1928, ten Annamese al opportunities. The church is lochurches had become entirely self-sup- cated within the bazaar. Every Sunday porting, two new districts had been or- Christians gather at the church and ganized and three candidates were non-Christians are impressed by this ordained early in 1929. A number of congregational worship, A European Annamese workers were imprisoned Police Inspector is one of the most either for distributing Scriptures or loyal and earnest Christians in the for witnessing for Christ, but turned city. On his proposal the church has their affiiction to account by carrying opened a reading room, where relitheir message to fellow prisoners. The gious books, papers and pamphlets are officials, from the highest to lowest, provided for the public.-Indian Witare not in sympathy with the spirit of ness. intolerance which imprisons a man because of the love of God in his heart, Student Catnpaigna in Burma and treat the men leniently, often letting them off with a fine. A JUDSON COLLEGE student, after an evangelistic campaign in the An outstanding feature of the work Karen high school, Rangoon, wrote in in Cambodia has been the organizing regard to the impression on himself: of various leaders into a district committee, and giving them special train- "Every time I go on a Gospel team campaign I feel the real happiness and joy of Christ in me, because I give

myself heart and soul into the hands who used of yore to guard the temple of God; because I continually have gateways with their all-powerful communication between Him and me, swords. praying to make me absolutely pure, honest, unselfish and loving; and be- Missionaries Still Needed cause I myself enjoy doing His work." MR. DAVID YUI, Chinese Christian A college girl wrote: leader, seeking to correct the im- "Now I have the real happiness which pression that the Christian forces of I have never known before in my life. China no longer need the assistance of My heart breaks whenever I think of missionaries, gave the following ex- Jesus' death on the shameful cross. pression of his views at a recent meet- Only now I admit that Christ's life ing of the China Commission: and teaching are the key to all nature and human destiny." "We depend on Christians in other The campaign resulted in forty-four lands to cooperate with us. Enemies baptisms and hundreds of decisions, a of China and the Christian movement large proportion being from Burmese have sought to spread the impression Buddhist homes, but it was thought that the Chinese Christians no longer that the more far-reaching result of feel the need of missionaries. This is a the campaign has been the re-conse- false idea, and if followed would lead cration of the Christian teachers. One to the death of the Christian movement high school teacher testified as follows: in China, as Chinese leadership is not "I have been a sleeping Christian, and strong enough to carryon alone. We up to this time have wasted my life. hope that our Christian friends in Can- When I heard the students pleading ada and in Europe and America will with other pupils to accept Christ, I not fall into the trap that has been laid made up my mind to work for Him." for them by our enemies, but will keep One third year student organized, their eyes open and will do all they trained and led a Gospel team for more can to strengthen the Christian forces than a month, with the result that in China …… I think I represent not more than 300, mcstly Karen Bud- only the views of my Christian friends dhists, expressed their faith in Christ. but also those of many non-Christian Chinese when I say that we shall be CHINA glad to receive back old missionaries to China, and to welcome new mission- Superstition on the Wane aries who may come to help us.. There may have to be some readjustment in T HE Nationalist Move~ent has relationships and in lines of work; but brought many changes to China. such readjustment should not discour- Students have taken an ardent part in age either the return of old missiona campaign against superstition and aries or the recruiting of new ones."- idolatry. Repeated proclamations have The Record. come out in the papers ordering the discontinuance of fortune telling and Foochow Trains Ministers soothsaying. The old formal and superstitious customs connected with T HE Foochow Theological School weddings and funerals are being done opens this month as a Methodist away with and more simple forms es- institution prepared to train preachers tablished. A one time famous temple for all the Conferences in the Fukien in Peiping has become a dump heap. area, with Mandarin as the medium of There is little demand for the sooth- instruction. Rev. Harry W. Worley, sayer who formerly had the last word recently returned from furlough, has in locating a favorable spot for one's been appointed president. Rev. Philip house, setting a favorable marriage S. S. Yu, delegate to general conferday, and choosing by signs a lucky ence, has just returned to the faculty spot for one's last resting place. Even after a year of special study at Drew less popular are the horrifying figures Theological Seminary. Since their re-

WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

turn, both of these professors have Iigious writings, and he was able to been in demand as speakers to report get the Gospel to every tent. concerning the attitude and work of the Church in America.-Christian From Shiabden Gomba to Leh was Century. a journey of eighty-nine days. Many terrible snowstorms were encountered A Dream and a Conversion and high winds almost daily. "One entire caravan perished in a storm AWOMAN in the country district in within sight of our camp. We met Taichow, a Buddhist all her 71 Tibetans every day on this long and years, had a dream a few months ago, difficult part of the journey and gave and in the dream found herself in the to them the message of Eternal Life. Christian church at Dazih, where she Tashi-gong is the last and most imporlives; and while there, a man dressed tant monastery in western Tibet. Here in white came up and talked to her. we gave the Gospel to the priests and The next day, the Bible-woman, going to many other Tibetans. All were the rounds of her village, called at this friendly and even sold us food. At woman's house, and told her the Gospel Kargil all animals had to be abanstory. She said: "How strange that doned, as the snow was so deep they you should come and tell me this to- could not get through. For ten days day. Last night I had a dream that I we waded through snow, many times was in the 'Jesus church,' and a man to the waist. We had to face terrible dressed in white came and talked to cold and winds, and our feet and lower me." The Bible-woman said: "The legs were wet most of the time. Many Lord Jesus is evidently calling you and times we were just hanging on to the has sent me to you today that you snow-covered mountainside picking might heed His words." The woman our way along a tiny path where one was greatly impressed, and was quite careless step would have meant· disconvinced that it was the Lord Who aster. One avalanche shot around a had spoken to her, and that He was huge rock just five feet in front of me calling her to follow Him. She imme- but the rock saved me."-S. S. Times. diately acquiesced and believed, and started at once to learn from the Bi- JAPAN-KOREA ble-woman more of the wonderful truths of His love. She gave up all Oooperation Brings Results her Buddhist idolatrous things and attended church regularly every Sunday. THE churches of Japan are discov- Church Missionary Gleaner. ering that the greatest results come from a united front toward the enemy. Pioneering in Tibet An example is the Temperance and Purity Society which, with denomina- MR. V. G. PLYMIRE, of Tangar, tional lines entirely lacking, has been Kansu, China, undertook last year turning in astonishing reports of proga long and dangerous evangelization ress. Hamlets and villages here and journey through Tibet, the first mis- there are voting out liquor, some for sionary ever to make this journey of moral reasons, others with economic 2,437 miles. He reports that many motives. In one case it was in order thousands heard the Gospel for the that a schoolhouse might be built with first time. He distributed 73,396 Bible the savings, and within five years the portions and 46,542 tracts in Tibetan, building was completed and paid for. beside a very large amount of litera- Again, 600 girls of four neighboring ture in Chinese. In a journey from villages formed a league and pledged Tangar to Dsun he passed as many as themselves not to marry men who 192 tents in one day and tried to reach smoke, drink or consort with immoral all with the message. All the men of wqmen. The results in moral improvethe Dsun district were gathered at one ment have been very noticeable, and place for eight days to read their re- the idea is spreading. It is quite sig- nificant that between 1,500 and 1,600

local temperance societies were started and "shells," except for a few maps. in Japan to commemorate the en- The loss in Scriptures was 9,108 un- thronement of an emperor, who uses bound Bibles, 36,448 unbound and 11,- neither liquor nor tobacco. Add to this 600 bound Testaments, and 132,600 the fact that three provincial legisla- portions valued, with some paper and tures have passed regulations provid- binding materials, at within a few yen ing for the abolition of licensed houses of $8,000. The more serious loss in 'of vice at the expiration of present plates and shells included plates for ,contracts, and one can see what a unit- one whole Bible, for six varieties of ed Christian conscience can do toward Testaments, and for eighteen different the realization of Christian ideals in a Gospels and other portions. The loss non-Christian land. In all these pro- of nearly 1,000 pages of freshly set grams of social betterment, a diminu- type for the "nine-point" type refertive Japanese Christian woman is a ence Bible, will amount to nearly $2,- mighty factor, Mrs. 0. Kubiushiro. She 000. is one of the leaders in putting the churches into cooperative harness for The misfortune of the Japan Agenthe social evangelization of Japan.- cy is particularly distressing, as the Christian Century. replacement of the severe losses in- curred in the great earthquake of Sep- Kobe COlILpletes C…..paign tember, 1923, was almost completed.- Bible Society Record. K OBE COLLEGE has successfully completed its $600,000 campaign Grouping Denominations on the date stipulated. This makes available an additional $100,000 from JAPAN has taken the first step tothe Harkness Foundation and will ma- ward grouping denominations. The terially assist Kobe College, which is churches tabulated below are all J apathe oldest college for women in Japan. nese, originally connected with vari- ous missions, sometimes of diverse It was founded in 1875 by the Wom- denominational names. For example, an's Board of the Interior of the Con- the Presbyterian group comprises two gregational Church-now a part of the Reformed Churches, besides the vari- American Board-and represents a ous Presbyterians. venture in international cooperation in the higher education of women of the STAT[STICS FOR 1928 Orient. The college has received official recognition through the commen- Com· Oburcbes Con· dation of the Emperor of Japan and Self·Sup· trlbu· high provincial officials. Its eighteen- mUlll- port- tions acre new campus near Kobe, costing cants Ohurches ing Yen $75,000, was purchased by the Japa- presbyteri an (or) nese graduates, who are now seeking an endowment fund of $300,000 to be Kihon Kiristo Kyokraised in Japan. w-Ij "" .. "", …… 40,866 261 127 6&1,278 Bible Fire Loss Methodist (or) Nihon Mesozisto Kyokwai. 32,783 ON JULY 4th a disastrous fire Congregational (or) 202 100 283,833 broke out in Tokyo in the plant of the Seiko Printing Company, printers ~ihon Kumiai Kyokof the Scriptures for the Japan Agency of the American Bible Society, and wai …………….. 21,837 169 83 4M,369 reduced it to ashes, burned timber and Epise -ual (or) Nihon ruined machinery. In the flames were destroyed a considerable amount of the Sei Kyokwai ……. 22,235 245 44 180,884 Society's printed Japanese Scriptures Baptist (0 r) Nihon and all of the Agency's printing plates Shin Rei Kyokwai .. 6.688 49 17 68,8()7 Oriental Mis. Soc. (or) Nih 0 n Holiness Kyokwai o the r P~~t~~t~~t 6,374 150 i'4 147,202 Chllrches .. " …. ". 27,163 596 42 8110,992 '['otal for all churches 163,1)016 1,652 497 2,629,365 -Missionary Voice.

Young Men Busy MISS EMMA E. GARDNER, of Nagoya, Japan, tells of the faith- fulness among young people in the Kinjo Presbyterian Church: "The Kinjo church is the second

WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

largest Presbyterian church in the penses of anyone who wished to study city; the minister is Mr. Toeda, an free at the yearly District Bible Study earnest, spiritual preacher. His Class. church members number about one hundred and fifty, some of whom have ISLANDS OF THE PACIFIC moved away to other cities, but still keep their membership in the Kinjo Philippine Progress church. The congregation is largely composed of young people; among T HE two hundred missionaries who them some splendid young men, who, have gone out to help the Philipwhile their minister and one of his pines with churches, schools and hoselders were away this summer at the pitals have exerted an influence far Los Angeles Sunday-school Conven- beyond the limits of the churches they tion, took upon themselves the re- have established. sponsibility of the church services, speaking by turns on Sunday and dur- In 1925 the Catholic Students of ing the week, and holding outdoor America sent a mission to study the evangelistic meetings in front of the Philippines. They reported that "by church every Sunday night. founding hospitals and dispensaries for the poor, secondary and industrial "When Mr. Toeda returned, he schools in the more important towns, found these young men had brought and splendidly equipped dormitories into the church thirty-eight young for students at Manila, the Protestant people, earnest enquirers who were churches are doing a work of positive reading the Bible and ready to be importance and value." The Roman formed into a class to be trained by Catholic church has removed practicalthe pastor for future church member- ly all of the corrupt friars from the ship."-Presbyterian Survey. Islands and has replaced them with clean, progressive, well-educated Chun Pyung Baing's Olrering priests from America, Ireland, Bel- gium, France and Germany. Educa- I N EAST KIRIN PROVINCE, about tion has been greatly improved, beauti- fifty miles west of Lungchingtsun, ful schools and dormitories have been some Korean Christians settled built, the reading of the Bible has been among the mountains. They agreed encouraged; in a word, the Roman that each family would set aside one Catholic church in the Philippines has day's plowing and put the crops to- come to resemble that in North Amerigether for sale, the proceeds to be used ca. for Gospel work. Some Christians moved away and others grew cold in The Catholic Historical Review in their love, but Mr. Chun, believing that 1917 had this to say: this money should be given to the Lord, took the price of the field he had set The Protestant sects have not been apart and bought a calf. without a quickening influence on Catho- licism, for they have aided the establish- One day Pastor Yu, while visiting ment of the [Roman Catholic] church on this village home, overheard a conver- the American basis, and the correction sation between Mr. Chun and his wife of undesirable conditions which had over this calf which had been eating grown up during the Spanish control. his tether. Mr. Chun wanted to keep The competition has served a good end the calf bull the wife maintained that for Catholicism, for it has put it on its they must sell it and give the money mettle in a way it might never have been to God's cause. Thereupon the hus- without it. The American clergy, I venband asked Pastor Yu to take charge ture to think recognize this fully.- of the money. The sixty-six yen thus Frank C. Laubach. obtained was used to form the nucleus of a fund raised by tpe churches of Union Church in Suva Pastor Yu's district to pay the ex- FOR about fifty years the European Presbyterian Church has been car- ried on in Suva, Fiji. It has had some checkered experiences, but through the long years has done excellent work

and borne good testimony. Many tians heard the call, and there is now years ago the Methodist Church a Gospel Hall in Samarinda and in thought of establishing a European Balik-papan. Church in Suva, but it was felt that there should be no overlapping in such These coast cities are occupied by a a small town, and the Methodist peo- mixture of Asiatics, Malay, Japanese, ple have attended the Presbyterian Sudanese and countless other races. Church and loyally helped in this All these speak Malay, a happy fact in work. Many of the office bearers are the task of evangelization. Moham- Methodists, and it has been felt re- medanism is rap i d 1y spreading cently that it would be a good thing through the instrumentality of Arab if some arrangement could be made traders. Everywhere are to be seen whereby the Christian forces might Mohammedan mosques.-Evangelical be more closely linked up in church Christian and Missionary Witness. membership. Successful Week Da.y Religious Conferences have been held between the Presbyterian and Methodist bodies Teaching in Australia, as well as a meeting between the parties concerned in Fiji, H ONOLULU has a record in weekand the result has been that the Pres- day religious instruction which byterian Church now becomes a Union any city might well try to emulate. Church. A Methodist and Presby- Work was begun four years ago, under terian minister will be appointed al- the Honolulu Interchurch Federation, ternately for a period of three years, and the first year weekday religious and while each will bear ecclesiastical education began in connection with relationship to his own church, he will seven public schools, with 2,200 pupils be recognized minister of the Union enrolled in church school classes. The Church. The first appointee under following year, ten school centers enthese new conditions is the Rev. C. W. rolled 2,700 pupils, and the growth for Turner, who has already taken up his the third and fourth years has brought residence in Fiji. The Union Church the enrolment to 3,556. All the 125 will be subsidized by the Presbyterian teachers were Christian, but from Church of Victoria and by the Meth- many different races and nationalities. odist Board of Missions until such These are part time teachers, but a time as it is able to carry alone its re- full time supervisor has the oversight sponsibilities. – Australian Christian of th~ system. A carefully selected World. course of study is provided, and the nature of the teaching is distinctly Borneo and Its Need evangelistic. In addition to these schools running throughout the school BORNEO, except Greenland and year, the Interchurch Federation car- New Guinea, is the largest island ries on a number of vacation Bible in the world. Missionary work is be- schools, with an enrolment of from ing carried on in British North 1,200 to 1,500.-Presbyterian Maga- Borneo; in the south, considerable zine. work has been done by German and Dutch missionaries, and the American NORTH AMERICA Methodists some years ago opened a work on the west coast of Borneo; Commemorate Pentecost but the entire east coast of Dutch Borneo is entirely without missionary CELEBRATING the nineteen hunwork. On the eastern coast line of dredth anniversary of ;'Pentecost," approximately 500 miles there are the birthday of the church, the Commore than twenty ports, and so far as mission on Evangelism and Life Servknown no station was ever opened in ice of the Federal Council of Churches this area until some Chinese Chris- has just announced a program which includes a campaign of personal evan- gelism, a church-attendance crusade, a Sunday-school' drive, the reestablish-

WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

ment of a family altar in every home, eign public which comes into contact a series of "upper room" prayer-meet- with them. Particularly is the work ings to be held in churches, homes, of the Association worthy of mention shops, offices and stores, and a simul- as the Association during the past two taneous reading of a chapter a day of years has been sparing no efforts to the Gospel of Saint Luke and the Acts give a true interpretation of the colosof the Apostles. sal changes going on in China which lie at the back of the present Nation- This program, which will begin this alist movement. fall and continue through the winter and spring, ending June 8th, the day "It is with confidence that I look of Pentecost, is the culmination of a forward to the increasing usefulness series of conferences recently held by of the Association."-Chinese Christhe leaders in evangelism of the prin- tian Student. cipal denominations in the United States. Nearly all of the national reli- .Chicago Youth's Service Bureau gious bodies in America have already committed themselves to this observ- SHORTLY after his election, State's ance at their official conferences, as- Attorney John A. Swanson, of Chisemblies and synods.-Christian Advo- cago, announced that he would organcate. ize a youth's service bureau as part of his program of crime prevention. The Chinese Student Anniversary bureau has now been brought into ex- istence as a regular part of the city THE Chinese Students' Christian and county government, sponsored and Association in North America has directed by the state's attorney's office, just commemorated the 20th anniver- and Rev. Charles A. Gage, a Methodist sary of its founding. Hon. C. C. Wu, Episcopal minister of many years Chinese Minister to the United States, standing in Chicago, has been placed in his greetings to the Association, in charge. The field of service of the has this to say: youth's bureau is in home, school and club, and in nowise is the character of "The work done by students as such service political, partisan or secgroups in cementing cordial relations tarian. To keep a boy from going· between China and America is espe- wrong is infinitely more commendable cially significant. Through these uni- than using corrective measures on him fied and organized mediums, contacts after he has gone wrong. The new with American organs representing bureau will seek through every availidentical or similar interests are facili- able channel to create an atmosphere tated, and opportunities are created of helpfulness away from delinquency for mutual appreciation and criticism and crime. It is expected that the vaof each other's ideas and institutions, rious luncheon clubs, women's clubs, thereby removing the possibility of association of commerce, church fedmisunderstanding which, as it is gen- eration, Salvation Army, fraternal erally recognized, constitutes a formid- groups and other civic organizations able foe to international peace and will see the importance of representafriendship. tion on the advisory board.-Christian Century. "The Chinese Students' Christian Association has achieved signal suc- The Indian Problem cess in its lines of endeavor. The present membership of the Association, REV. RUDOLF HERTZ, of the comprising one hundred and thirty- American Missionary Association three institutions in thirty-two states staff in Eagle Butte, S. D., thus sumthroughout this country and four cen- marizes the findings of the recent surters in Canada, testifies to the influ- vey of the Bureau of Indian Affairs: ence it wields in the life of Chinese students in this part of the world, and Most of the Indians are poor, many to its usefulness even among the for- extremely poor;

The general health of the Indians is dation. Food, uniforms. heat, medical bad and their living, housing and sani- care, and general supervision are given tary conditions are conducive to the de- for fifteen cents a day_ Children are velopment and spread of diseases; brought in from six o'clock in the morning until closing time at eight in Tuberculosis and trachoma are preva- the evening. A registered nurse and lent to a distressing degree; the death baby specialist attend to the health rate and infant mortality are high; program. Five persons are employed in various capacities to care for the In an economic sense the Indians are children. During the two years since backward, with the result that insufficient its origin, the day nursery has given incomes, low standards of living and an 14,000 days of nursery care. The Comapathetic attitude toward progress are munity Chest of New Orleans granted general; $3,000 to aid in this work.

The Indians are not yet adjusted to the Federal Penitentiary for WODlen new economic and social conditions confronting them; THE Federal Institution for Women at Alderson, W. Va., is the only one They have little knowledge of the value of its kind in the United States. It of money and land; is a prison planned by women, for women and operated by women. There The intermittent and generally small are at present 314 inmates, under the incomes from land sales, leases and per care of a staff of twenty. It is thought capita payments from tribal funds en- the number will now increase, since courage idleness and retard progress; judges heretofore have often refused to sentence offenders because of the The survey party also reports that it lack of adequate places for their infound too much evidence of suffering and carceration. Now all women sentenced discontent to subscribe to the belief that in United States courts will be sent the Indians are reasonably satisfied with there. Offenses for which women are their condition. sent irtcIude violation of the prohibi- tion or narcotic acts, tampering with Three fundamental recommenda- or misuse of the mails, counterfeiting tions for improving the Indian service or any offense against federal law. were made by the Survey Commission: In conformity with the aim of the 1. The creation, in connection with the institution to reform rather than pun- Washington office, of a professional and ish. an effort is made to create a minscientific Division of Planning and De- iature community, under conditions as velopment; nearly ideal as possible, and the bene- ficial effect of useful activity is 2. A material strengthening of the brought to bear. They are not called school and reservation forces that are in convicts, prisoners or even inmates, direct contact with the Indians and are but "girls," and precaution is taken to responsible for developing and improving prevent the stigma of "criminal" from their economic and social conditions attaching to them in later life. For through education in the broadest sense example, Red Cross certificates to of the work; those who have completed the course in practical nursing are issued by the 3. The maximum practical decentral- National Headquarters in Washington, ization of authority so that to the fullest rather than by the local chapter at extent initiative and responsibility may Alderson. Religious services are held be vested in the local officers in direct regularly and all must attend, but viscontact with the Indians.-Congregation- iting ministers are required to avoid alist. mentioning criminal careers in their sermons.-Presbyterian Survey. Negro Church PrograDl THE People's Community Center of New Orleans is reaching out to serve its community. It has found places for more than 2,500 domestics in New Orleans. placing Over 1,000 persons in 1927. The character of applicants is investigated, and the bureau has built up a real reputation for furnishing reliable domestic help.

In 1926 there was but one day nursery in New Orleans for colored children. with a capacity of forty. People's Community Center organized a model day nursery, using the method advocated by the Russell Sage Foun-

WORTH

Any books mentioned in these columns will be forwarded by us on receipt of price.-THE REVIEW.

Training for World Friendship. By Ina done to these faiths. Carey went to Corinne Brown. 203 pp. $1.00. Nash- preach the Gospel of righteousness ville, Tenn. 1929. and salvation through a Holy God and His Divine Son. His work and the This book is written primarily for work of missions throughout the leaders of young people, but we won- world has been based on the Apostolic der what the effect ""ill be on young Gospel of Christ. There is no other people who, without historical back- Gospel today. Reforms without regrounds of Christian missions, read generation do not succeed in transher criticisms on the motives and forming men and nations, nor is any methods of the earlier missionaries. harmonious adjustment with Oriental faiths possible. Kali Ghat, Benares, In the first chapter Miss Brown in- and other centers of heathen worship dicts the missionary message, which cannot be harmonized with the pure she states has prevailed, as follows: Gospel of Jesus Christ. Missionaries of the past have sought first the It (this method) has made our mis- Kingdom of God and His righteoussionary endeavors a gesture of pity ness and these other things of social rather than an act of faith. It has betterment have been added. . Carey painted the rest of the world black and did the most remarkable literary work America white. It has made the non- ever attempted by one man in his Christian religions products of the Devil translations of the Scriptures. He and their leaders scheming priests who was forerunner of all industrial misdeliberately deceive the people. It has sionaries with his successful indigo pictured the sin and misery and sorrow, plantation. He was an ardent worker the poverty and illiteracy of other coun- for moral reform and against evils tries, the queer customs, the different embedded in Indian religious beliefs. ways, the unusual, the bizarre, the hideous, the bad. And then it has spoken We cannot agree with Miss Brown in glowing terms of what the missionary in her premise. We do agree with efforts of our own land have accom- her heartily in the need of training plished. for world friendship. This we can This indictment is disproved by have without any compromise between work and results of the missionaries the missionary and the terrible evils who laid foundations through the against which he must still contend. past century. They have not justified evils in America. They went to preach The second part of this book gives the Gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ, valuable suggestions for missionary the Saviour of sinners, which Amer- education. We wish that Miss Brown ica needs as truly as other lands. If we are to wait until America is per- might add to her book some of the fect before we carry this Gospel then great examples of missionaries who we must wait until all have passed on. did not fail in sacrifice even unto England was far from perfect when death and whose methods were the Carey went to preach this Gospel of methods of the New Testament, and Christ in India. He fought such in- produced remarkable results. Is not stitutions as child marriage, suttee the success less marked in recent and unspeakable immoralities of hea- years since institutionalism, higher thenism. Apparently Miss Brown feels that grave injustice has been 893

education and social service have been losophy, and a prominent educator, says, "What we want is a force and stressed rather than the Gospel? We motive" (p. 46). The authors of the book are convinced that "The message cannot change the Divine order. All of the Cross of Christ is Japan's su- preme need today." But their intermen must find not merely a great pretation of its value appears to be, not so much the atoning substitutionteacher, a leader in social reform, but ary work of Christ as the sacrifice of self for others. They think that the a Saviour from sin. Society will "new conception of self-expression" gained from the story of Christ's never be saved in the mass nor will it death, and "the message of the Risen Lord" will supply the new power debe saved by mere reformers. Men manded by present conditions (pp. 65, and women must still be regenerated 66). It is true that results of Christian as individuals if the world is to be effort in Japan through six decades saved. L. w. P. are inadequate and the growth of the Japan and Christ. By M. S. Murao and church has been slow, though the in- W. H. Murray Walton. 172 pp. 28. fluence of Christian ideas on the na- 6d. London. 1928. tion has been great. Some of the reasons for this lack of satisfactory Many books have been written Christian progress are clearly pointed about Japan by wise and understand- out but two others might have been ing men who help a foreigner to see stressed, especially for the help of with Japanese eyes, but there is per- younger missionaries. The first is haps none which will so quickly as the lack of thorough Bible studythis bring him to a clear and sym- comparing Scripture with Scripture. pathetic understanding of the country Few, even of the consecrated, able and people. This is especially valu- Japanese Christians are acquainted able to the missionary who' desires to bring to the Japanese a vision of the with the true value of the Old Testa- Heavenly Father whom he worships ment. This leads to a lack of a proper and of the Saviour through whom he understanding of the necessity, meanhas received deliverance, life and new power. ing and message of the Cross of Christ and of the teaching of the New Even those of long residence often Testament. They have little realizafail to realize the vital significance of tion that God is holy and righteous as many common customs and, therefore, well as merciful-abhorring and punare unable to sense the difficulties to ishing sin as well as loving the sinbe overcome, or to find a right way ner. There is little apparent sense of approach. Salient points in the of inward sin before His holy eyes. history of the country and of its reli- Repentance and confession of sin are gious beliefs show the development of not often stressed, even in evangelischaracteristics which differ greatly tic meetings, except in case of the from those of other peoples, and more heinous and open sins. which cause them to be misjudged. The authors of this volume show The second great lack among the clearly the lamentable effects of the Japanese is the failure to emphasize friction caused by the change in edu- the Person and work of the Holy cational ideals and methods, and the Spirit in the Church, in individual danger of making schools into ma- Christians and in the world and our chines rather than into places for the dependence on Him. We note these development of character and power two great lacks when we compare the to serve. young Japanese Church with the early Church of Acts. The greatest Present social conditions in Japan are vividly described, the seething unrest and bewildered search for relief from the conflicting forces reveal Japan's imperative need as it is felt by many eminent Japanese leaders. Anezski, a believer in Buddhist phi-

BOOKS WORTH READING

value of the book lies in the clear get larger farms," "to become farm showing through history and the owners." There is no quest of reli- forces that worked in the national de- gious liberty in their minds. Their velopment, of what the missionary Rom a n Catholic and Lutheran will meet in the mental attitude and churches are their cherished institu- spiritual life of the people, so that he tions. So it is the economic in- may more quickly effect a sympathetic stitutions of the states that assist approach to the people in his efforts them most in becoming Americans.

to lead them to Christ. H. P. C. Next in order is political action, to which they show an eager interest; Immigrant Farmers and Their Children. then social and civic institutions of By Edmund deS. Brunner. 277 pp. $2.75. New York. 1929. the community, the public schools, to which they send their children; last Several important questions have of all the American churches in vilbeen answered by Dr. Brunner in this lages and open country receive them excellent, substantial volume which into the structure of American life. treats of some subjects on which there This book pays a tribute to the was no reliable information. The Rom a n Catholic and Lutheran book has four masterly studies of churches of foreign speech, which communities or settlements of rural some anxious Americans will do well national groups, which alone are of to read. The writer says that their the worth of a book. It is well made, ministers are better educated than readable, and of convenient size, and are the average rural ministers in this gives to rural ministers and mission country. They serve longer as pas- .executives solid and reliable knowl- tors. They live with their people in edge on which to base the programs those sections in which the American of the parish and of the nation. ministers are absentee preachers, and The body of the volume is a careful their people attend and support their analysis of the numbers of rural im- rural churches better than the older migrants, their colonies, distribution, American churches are attended and and their assimilation to the Ameri- supported. Best of all, their pastors can population. One-fourth of the are sympathetic to the American foreign-born population is in the rural trend and are helping their people to communities (or was in 1920); being adapt themselves to the ways of this about three millions, of whom one- country, rather than imitate the half are farmers. In the order of size country from which they came.

they are populations of Germans, Nor- But the most interesting part of the wegians, Canadians, Mexicans, Brit- book, to those who care for the ish, with Italians, Poles, Dutch, Finns, church, is the chapter which discusses Irish and Swiss. The first named the relation of the American-speaking number over one hundred forty thou- churches with these rural immigrants sand, the last named about thirteen (pages 125 to 127). It is a story of thousand, in their population groups indifference, poor equipment, and lack in the last census. Two and a half of trained workers. But there is this times as many more are the children general statement, "that with equip- of these nationalities living in the ment to fit the need, trained workers, country. They attain American citi- a broad enough program, and regular zenship before their city fellow-na- help from the mission boards, success- tionals. Dr. Brunner records with ful work can be accomplished." Then gratification that the rural community follows the story, briefly told, of the shows a power of Americanization admirable work of the Presbyterians greater than that exhibited by the at San Gabriel, California, as an "out- city. standing example of successful Prot- These millions have come to Amer- estant work among the Mexicans-in ica "to better their condition," "to the fruit groves of the valley." The

observations of this survey are then Our Children; Renewal; The Sacrasummarized in the sentence-"The new American has made good on the ment; Lent. land but the Church has not made good with the new American." The principal emphasis is in pray- The picture as a whole presented in ers for Healing, with petitions under this volume is a hopeful one. Even the effect of recent immigration laws such titles as : You and Your Sickis described as good, in a measure; while the pictures of the colonies of ness; What to Do and How to Think rural immigrants, appended to the survey, exhibit them in a state of de- About Your Illness; Before an Operavelopment of which the earlier settlers of this country would have been tion; Recovery from Sickness. proud, could they have enjoyed it. But the service rendered them by The price of the book seems high; churches, in their transition from Europe to America, is that of conser- but it is worth the cost. These prayvation of their birthright religion, speaking generally, rather than of ers will be especially helpful to those evangelization by the American Protestant churches. who feel their need of Divine Guid- WARREN H. WILSON. ance. JAMES F. RIGGS.

Prayers for the Way. John S. Bunting. A Remarkable Biblical Discovery-or "The 55 pp. $1.25. Philadelphia. 1928. Name" of God According to the Scrip- tures. By William Phillips Hall. This little book deals very practi- 12mo. 175 pp. $1.50. New York. cally with the daily problems of ordi- 1929. nary life. The phrasing is good, strong in its choice of words, sensitive God, the eternal and the infinite, is to the best aspirations of the human an inexhaustible subject for study heart, and sensible in point of view. and experience. Everything connected The prayers are heart-cries to God with Him seems to offer a mine of for help. Such a book is demanded by wealth – His physical creation, His the complexities of modern life. Word, and His spiritual world. This little volume, by the president of the An example of these prayers is as American Tract Society, reveals the follows: "May we remember the pov- same quality in the very name of God. erty of any life that lacks faith in In his very rich and useful study, Mr. Thee, and the disappointment of any Hall calls attention to the name "I success that has not been won with am" (Jehovah), by which God revealed Thy Spirit. . . . May no disappoint- Himself in the Old· Testment times ment today cast us down, and no suc- as He revealed Himself in the New cess flush us with pride, and no sud- Testament times through the Lord den temptation make our feet slip. Jesus Christ. Efforts have been made May we beware of any impatient by unbelievers to weaken or destroy word with others that may lead us to faith in the inspiration of the Scripmistrust them. And may we avoid the tures and in the deity of Christ. This spirit of judgment and condemnation study by Mr. Hall offers valuable and which hurts our faith in Thee because inspiring evidence of the truth of it shakes our faith in men." those claims. He believes that he has discovered truths that have been lost A number of prayers have to do sight of for centuries. with such questions as Loneliness; The Day of Trouble; Justice; Disappoint- The Jews would not utter the name ment; The Defeated; The Home; Jahve for fear of taking the ineffable name of God "in vain." The name "Lord" was substituted for Jahve as the name of the eternal God in the Old Testament. Mr. Hall shows that this name has the same significance when it is used to refer to Jesus Christ in the New Testament and by the early Church. He points out that Christ came "with his Father's name, Lord" (Matthew 21: 9). The apostles "called