The Missionary Review of the World — 1915 Index

gMiss{onary CJ(eview

of the World VOL. XXXVIII. OLD SERIES VOL. XXVIII. NEW SERIES Founded in 1878 by Editor·in·Chief, 1888 to 1911 REV. ROYAL G. WILDER, D.D. REV. ARTHUR T. PIERSON, D.D.

JANUARY TO DECEMBER, 1915 EDITOR DELAVAN L. PIERSON ASSOCIATE EDITORS BELLE M. BRAIN .REV. D. L. LEONARD, D.D.

CONTRIBUTING EDITORS REV. S. B. ROHOLD, F.R.G.S. MRS. F. M. GILBERT EDITORIAL COUNCIL REV. LEMUEL CALL BARNES, D.D. REV. J. STUART HOLDEN PROF. HARLAN P. BEACH REV. GEORGE HEBER JONES, D.D.

REV. ARTHUR J. BROWN, D.D. ]. ERNEST McAFEE MRS. HELEN BARRETT MONTGOMERY REV. HUGH L. BURLESON, S.T.D.

W. T. DEMAREST MRS. FRANK MASON NORTH W. E. DOUGHTY MRS. WALLACE RADCLIFFE REV. JOHN G. FAGG, D.D. REV. H. F. SWARTZ, D.D. REV. FRED P. HAGGARD, D.D. HARRY WADE HICKS REV. F. C. STEPHENSON, M.D. REV. CHARLES R. WATSON, D.D.

REV. STANLEY WHITE, D.D.

FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY NEW YORK LONDON

BY FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY Printed in the United States

OF ONE VOLUME OF THE MISSIONARY REVIE W OF THE

Each INDEX FOR 1915 MAPS, CHARTS, AND CARTOONS PAGE PAGE Abdul Kerim's Journey in Search of TIlinois Sunday-schools, Mr. J. D. Temple- Knowledge ………………………. 743 ton's Policy for ………………….. 696 Africa, Outline of …………………… 938 Overcome Evil with Good .. _…….. _…••. 366 America-Where the Unevangelized Indians Physician's Chart of Four Societies ..••••••• 136 Porto Rico . _……………………….. Map Live …………………………… 745 Cats, Korean ……………………….. 698 Soda or Children-Which?…………….. 617 Charts used at the New England Convention Turkish Empire and Surrounding Conntries, of Methodist Men…………………. 6 Protestant Missions in the ………… 837 China •………….•••••.•••••.••… .489, 663 What Does this Represent? ……………. 452 How Many? ……………… "……… 50 Woman's Work in the Local Church .•••.••• 138 PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE PAGE Adana, Group of Morning Patients at the Arabia, Corner of the Kuweit Dispensary .. 735 International Hospital in ……..•.•..• 189 – Gothic Arches of a Coffee·Shop in Kuweit 733 – Opera-ting Room of the Kuweit Dispensary 731 Africa, Arab at Prayer in the Desert of – Scene in the Kuweit Bible Shop ••.••.••• 359 North …..•.••.••.••.••.•.•..••..•.• 409 – Sheik Mobarrek of Kuweit, who gave the – Bedouin Arab Tents in North …••.••..•.• 277 land for the Mission House…………. 737 – Illustrated Missionary Sermon in……… 348 – Some of Our Sisters in……………… 727 – One of the Better Types of Moslem Homes Arabian Patients–Woman and Child ……. 732 Argentine. Mission School and Part of the in North •.•…•• • • • • . . . . • • . • . . . • • • • •• 408 _ South, Christian Basuto Girls in.••••••.• 265 Presbyterian Congregation in Rosario … 757 – – Native Basuto Chief and his Men in .• 262 Armenia, Turkish Soldiers on the March in.. 187 – – Native Canoes on the Zambesi River •• 263 Battle Harbor Hospital for Labrador Fisher- – – Some Basuto Heathen Girls …•…… 264 Algiers, Teacher and Girl Pupils in tbe Metho- men ……………………………. 922 Bedouin Arab Tents in North Africa …….. 277 dist Mission …………………….. 413 – Women-Worth Saving ….•..••.•..••• 278 America, Dr. Wrigbtnour baptising Russians Bible Congress at the San Francisco Expo- in Scranton, Pa. .., •••..••.•…•••.•• 925 sition, Billy Sunday at the …………. 830 – First Russian Convention in…………. 927 Bohemia, Birthplace of John Hus in Arab at Prayer in the Desert of North Africa 409 – Children of the North Africa Mission Husinetz ……………………….. 511 Bolivia, Home of Some of the Neglected School ……………… .. •.. .. • • • … 279 – Country Boy ……………………… 415 .Aimara Indians ' " • _• • .. . .. .. • .. .. • •• 809 -Two Puma Indians of……………… 815 Arabia, Camel Corps of Soldiers in Oman ••.• 357 Burma, Morton Lane Burmese Girls' School, – Christmas Crowd in the Mi..ionary's Court- Moulmein •. .. . . • .. . .. • .. . .. . • • • .. • … 44 yard, Kuweit ……… • .. • .. • .. • .. … 729 BUnQese Girls of the Morton Lane School, – Corner of the Calverley Dining· and Slt- Going to Church ………………… 4S ting·Room in Kuweit ……………… 730 Calverley, Mrs. E. E., and Daugbter Grace. 121 PAGE PAa& Canada. Inside the Russian Mission in Mon- Education in China, Modern Scientific…… 95 treal .••…..•••••.•.••..•…•••••.••• 926 Egypt, Camp near the Great Pyramids of, Candle-Lighting for Christmas•..•.•••••.•• 862 Where Y. M. C. A. meetings are held .. 435 Car of the Orthodox Church for Use in Erzerum, Turkey, Street in ••••••.••••••••• 184 Eskimo Church·Members in their Underground Russia and Siberia, Religious …•••..•• 755 Changsha, Special Mat Shed Erected for the House, Episcopal ………………… 526 Folder announcing Robert E. Speer……… 454 Evangelistic Meetings in •••..•••••••.•. 170 Foochow, Chinese Officials at Evangelistic China, Ancient Educational System………. 94 _ Ancient Superstitious Religious Obser· Meetings in ……………………… 171 France, Holding Protestant Services in War- vances in ••…..•.• • . • • . . • • • • • • • • . . • • 96 _ Ancient Walls of Ka<> Mi City, Shantung 593 time …………………………… 60S _ Assembly Hall, Chone Tibetan Monastery.. 670 – One of the McAll Mission Boats in ••.••• 608 – Where Roman CathOlics are Successfully – Christian Training for the Future Mothers and Teachers of .••.••..•…••••••••..• 271 reached in ……………………… 612 French Army Corps, Ambulance Service…. 609 – Crossing the Snow·Clad Mountains in Fuchau, China, Girls of the Church Mission. Kansu .•..•…..•..•.••.•..••.•…… 669 ary Society School in…………….. 27l _ Dr. Glover with Christian and Missionary Glover, Dr., and Christian and Missionary Al· Alliance Chinese Evangelists in Kansl1 Province •••.••••••••••••• , ••••••••••• 671 liance Chinese Evangelists in Kaniou Prov- ince ……………………………. 671 _ Dr. Sun Yat Sen at a Modem Railroad – – and two typical Tibetans of Ando Provo Station, Tsinanfu •••••••••.••••••••••• 87 ince ., …………..•..••••••••…•••• 673 Grenfell, Dr. W. T. • …………………. 918 _ Entrance to one of the Walled Cities of.. 589 Gren£ell's Hospital Steamer "Strathcona" in _ Former Female Bondage in…. ••. .••••• .• 90 Winter Quarters………………….. 919 _ Glimpse of the Road through a Gorge in Griffis, Miss Margaret, and her Pupils Forty Years ago ………………………. 0498 Southern Kansu ..•..•..••.• • • • • • • . • .• 665 Hangchow. Educated Chinese outside the _ Inland Mission Council, Shanghai, in 1905, theater in ………………………. 167 – October, 1914, Evangelistic Meeting for Members of the ………………….. 481 women in __ ……..••• _• • • • • • • • • • • • •• 16~ —Mottoes …………………….. 934 Harput, Euphrates College Building of the _ Missionary's Mule-Litter Crossing a Bridge- American Mission at……………… 184 Higginbottom, Prof. Sam .••••••.•••.••.•.•• 241 less River ………………………. 87 Higgins, Frank E…………………….. 197 _ Modern Commerce Entering the Cities .•• 590 – – conduc'ting a Camp Meeting………. 199 – – entering a Lumber Camp…………. 199 – Modem Ruler of………………….. 93 Home Missions as a Social Force, Example of 123 __ Modern Scientific Education in……….. 94 Hus, John ………………………….. 509 _ New Freedom for women in………… 91 – – Going to the Stake Five Hundred Years ' – New Open D()ors in, ………………. 167 ago ……………………………. 513 – Plan of the Quadrangle of Nanking Uni· Ibuka, Dr. I. • .••…..•.•.•…•.•..••.•••• 641 Immigration, Poster for Meeting on, …..•• 451 versity …..•……..•. ,………….. 100 India, Agricultural Department of Ewing _ Sample Out·Station Congregation in Honan Christian College. Allahabad .•..•….•• 247 — Breaking up the Soil with an American Province ……. . .. . .. . . • • .. .. .. .. . … 491 Plow in ………………………… 252 _ September, 1914, Christian Evangelistic — Grown on the Mission Farm in………. 254 – Group of People Baptised in North .•••. 915 Meetings Inside Peking……………. 167 – Group of Villagers Listening to the Gospel _ Some of the Open Minds in …………. 161 in …••….••.•••••••••.•••••••.•.••• 881 – West, New China Inland Mission Hospital – Man Who Broke Down the Idol's Altar in 913 – Mission Crop of Sorgum Vulgare in .••••• 255 at Paoning ……………………… 492 – Mohammedans at Prayer in Front of the – Work of "White Wolf" in …………… 667 Chinese "Court of Righteous Judgment," Great Mosque, Delhi. …………….. 741 – Native Indian Plow Scratching the Surface 253 Ancient ………………………… 92 – Newspapers, Twenty-seven-Secular Allies – Old ano!. the New Way of Threshing in •• 249 – One of the Settlement Huts in……….. 258 of Christianity ………………….. 595 – People Gathering for the Meeting at whieh – Officials at Evangelistic Meetings in Foo- 500 Peopie were Baptised in one day…. 911 chow …………………………… 171 – Starting out t() attend a Village Meeting in – Soldiers practising Archery, Old-Time…. 88 – Troops, Modern Foreign-<irilled………. 88 North ………………………….. 90~ _ Walled Cities, Another Way of entering. 591 – South, Settlement of the Criminal Caste Cloud, Rev. Henry Roe………………. 321 Club House in the "Zone," Girls' ___ •..•… _ 832 in Nellore ………………………. 257 Indian Boy's Favorite Pastime ………….. 335 Cuba, Cultivated Product in ……………. 179 – Dancers at a Church Festival, One of the _ One of the Natural Products in .•..•••••• 178 _ One of the New Christian Institutions in 180 Masked South American •• • • • • • • • • • • •• 813 _ Recent Public Improvement in ……….. 175 – Under the Old Regime in ………….. 176 _ Under the New Regime in …………… 177 Ding Li Mei…………………………. 81 Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan ….••••.• 651 Eddy's Evangelistic address, 1914, Audience at Hangchow listening to Sherwood ••••.• 161 Eddy's Opening Meeting in Peking. Sher.

wood ………………………….. 167

INDEX

rAGE PAGE Indian in his HWar Bonnet," ClOne Star"- Nanking University, Some Recent Graduates Pull-blooded .•……•..•………•.. " 328 of …………………………….. 102 – Method of Deep Tilling.. ""…… .. …. 251 Nebraska, Rev. and Mrs. Wm. G. Findley in – Motherhood ill South America ……….. 601 Front of the Church at Winnebago •••• 334 – Mowing·Macbine .. • .. • • .. • .. . • . • • . • • • .• 251 – ready for a bare-back Horse Race …….. 333 Newfoundland, Orphanage, St. Anthony…. 921 Indians at Mescal·Worship in a Ten·l at Win- – School at 5t.Anthony……………….. 920 "One Star"-Full·blooded Crow Indian in his nebago. Neb. .. ………. " ……….. 203 International Missionary Union, Clifton "War Bonnet" • ~ ••••••••••.••.••.•••• 328 Panama·Pacific Exposition. Processional Be. Springs, June, 1915 …………….. 676 Investments in America and Asia ••..•••••• 524 fore Sunday Afternoon Service in Front of Y. W. C. A. Building ………….. 827 Isaacs, Sir Rufus Daniel. ……………… 891 Paris, Central BuildiRg of tbe McAL! Mission 606 Japan, Afternoon Tea·Party, Y. W. C. A., Pastors Studying Home Missions as a Social Force ………………………….. 121 Summer Conference, 191 3 …………. 505 Peabody, Mrs. Henry W. …………….. 561 – Class in Science at Mary Colby School ..• 501 Peet, William W. ……………………. 182 – One Result of Christian Missions in ..•. 648 Peking, Students leaving the meetings con· – School House of the American Mission dueled by Sherwood Eddy in ……•.• 167 Persian Gulf. Missionary Clinic at Kuweit, Home, Yokohama, Forty Years Ago .•• 497 on the ..•.•••…•..•.••….••..•….• 358 – Typical Conference of Cbristian Workers Pierson, Arthur T. • •••••.•••••••••••••••• 1 – Memorial Bible School, Seoul, Korea, from Twenty.otbree Churcbes in Kobe. 33 Plans for tbe Arthur T. • ..•..•..•.•• 459 – View of Doshisha University, Kyoto ..•. 651 – Memorial Bible School, Robert E. Speer Japanese Missionary Kindergarten •….••. 503 Laying the Corner-stone of the Arthur T. 917 – Women's Institute in 1910, Miss Tsuda's 500 Pocket Testament League sbowing their Tes- Kabyle Girls' Class at the Methodist Mission, 'taments, Scotch Members of the…….. 429 Porto Rico, Baptist Training·School Building El Matin, Algeria ……………….. 412 at San Piedras ……….•…..•.••.•• 582 Kavali Settlement, Women of tbe Criminal — – Presbyterian Hospital at San Juan •.•• 583 – – San German, Early Capital of •.•…. 579 Caste at the •.•.•..••..••••.•••••••.• 259 Poster for Missionary Meeting ••••••..•.•• 458 Korea, Plans of the Arthur T. Pierson Bible Promised Land, Looking for the………… 887 Roe, Mrs Walter C., William Barnes, Jr., School. Seoul …………………. " 459 and Henry Roe Cloud ……………. 337 – Robert E. Speer Laying the Corner-stone Russia and Siberia, Religious Car of the Or· thodox Church for Use· in ………. .. 755 of ~he Pierson Memorial Bible School in 917 ~ Interior of Re1igious Car in …………. '" 769 Korean, Baron Yun Chi-Ho, Christian…•.. 506 Russian Convention in America, First…••.• 927 Kuweit, Mission Hospital in •••…••…•.• 734 – Mission in Montreal ••••.•..•..••.••… 926 – on the Persian Gulf, Missionary Clinic at 358 Russians in Scranton, Pa., IDr. Wrightnour Labrador Fishermen. Battle Harbor Hospital Baptizing .•….•••••••……•.••..•••• 925 Salvation Army Motor Ambulances at the for …………………………….. 922 Disposal of the British Army ••..••.•..• 433 Lawn Map of South America at Union Col· San Francisco Exposition, Billy Sunday at the Bible Congress at the ………•… 830 lege, Scbenectedy, N. Y ..•••••••••.•.• 215 Santee Mission School, Nebraska, Wbitney Liang, C. S_, of Hongkong, and F. B. Smith 31 Hall ……•……………….•…… 336 Lodsin, Rev. Michael S. . …………….. 928 Scotch Members of the Pocket Testament Lull, Raymund, at Palma, Majorca, Statue of 416 League showing their Testaments …… 429 – – in Church of San Francisco, Palma, Shanghai Y. M. C. A., and the Men and Re- ligion Team, Employed Officers of the 29 Tomb of ……………………….. 416 Smith, F. B., and C. S. Liang, of Hongkong 31 Majorca. Statue of Raymund Lull "t Palma 416 Social Force. Pastors Studying Home Mis- – Tomb of Raymund Lull in Church of San sions as a ……………………….. 121 South Africa, Contrasts in the Natives of.. 7 Francisco ………………………. 416 – – Dr. Taylor, Mr. Smith, and Theological Malay Men in a Kampong ……………. 401 Students at Impolweni …………… 7 – Women-Youth and Middle Age .••••••• 424 South America, English Missionaries to the Malaysia, Some Malay and Tamil Boys in .• 427 Women in ……………………… 599 – Western, Showing Mission Stations •• __ 425 – – Group of Mission·School Children in Anendoga ………………………. 821 MeAn Mission, Portable Hall of the .•.•.• 607 – – Indian Motberhood in •..•… _. . . • . •• 601 "Mescal Buttons," Samples of the ••••.•••• 201 – – Ladies of Lapaz ………………… 601 Methodist Men, Jesse Lee Celebration at the – – Typical "Conventills" or General Cou-rt- yard, in ………………………… 603 New England Convention of .•••.•.•• 6 South American Indian Dancers coming from Mexico, Making a Pilgrimage in ..•••..•••• 193 the Roman Catholic Church, Masked…. 811 Millar, W. B. . …••…..••……••..•.•• 886 Missionary Mother and her Adopted Indian Son .•…•.•………••….•.•..•…• 337 Mohammedans at Prayer in Front of the Great Mosque, Delhi, India ••..••.•.• ; 741 Morgenthau, Henry ……•.•……••.••..• 893 Moslem Boy ………………………… 415 ~ School for Boys in North Africa •••••.•• 408 Muscat, View of-One of tbe Doors to Arabia …………………………. 801 Nakayama, Rev. C. ………………….. 32 Nanking Christian University, Modern China Exemplified in …………………… 97 – University, Normal School Building at •• 101

PAGE PAGE Speer, Robert E., Folder announcing •••..• 454 Turkish Soldiers on the March in Armenia.. 187 Sumatra, Malay House in ……. : …….. 426 Winnebago Indian Bark Wigwam ………. 331 Sunday, Billy, at the San Francisco Expo· – Neb., American Indians at Meseal·Wor.

sition ………………………….. 830 ship in a Tent at ………………… 203 Sunday·school Teachers and Pupils, Tokyo, Y. M. C. A. in Cuba, New Building of the 180 Y. M. C. A. Tent, Scene in a Typical •.•• 431 Japan, Mass Meeting of …………… 648 Y. W. C. A., Banquet Given by the, for Girls Taylor, J. Hudson …………………… 488 Thank·Offering Letter •.•••••.•••••••••••• 776 in the Food Products Building………. 833 Tibetans of Ando Province, Dr. Glover and – – Building, Cafeteria in the •.•.•……. 829 Yuan Shi·Kai, President ……………… 93 Two Typical ……………………. 673 Yun Chi·Ho, Baron, Christian Korean •••… 506 Turkey, Centers of American Mission Work Zulu Rickshaw Boys in Natal, South Africa 7 Zwemer, Rev. Samuel M. • •••••.•••.••.•• 738 in …………………………….. 184 – Fast Freight in …………………… 188 AUTHORS PAGE PAGE ALLEN, WILLIAM C. ………………….. 26 HODGE, MRS. KATHERINE A. • •••••••••••••• 599 HORNE, MRS. F. P. • …………………. 369 ASKEW, lURO. S. H. ………………….. 534 HURREY, CHARLES DUBOIS ••••••••••••••••• 817 AVES, BISHOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 HYDE, A. A. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 BARTON, JAMES L . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 lBUKA, KAJINOSUKI •••••••••••.••••••••••• 649 BAUMAlO, ERNEST N. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 820 INNES, GEORGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47, 361 BEAVER, GILBERT A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 JEFFERSON, CHARLES E..•……………… 428 BERRY, GEORGE T. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605 JOHNSTON, HOWARD AGNEW …………….. 276 JowETT, JOHN HENRy ……………….. 849 BOWEN, A. J. ………………………. 97 LABAREE. ROBERT M. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521 BRAIN, BELLE M .. •49, 131, 213, 291, 371, 451, 533 LENINGTON, GEORGE C. • ……………… ; 677 613, 691, 773, 857, 931 LILLEY, A. V. .. …………………….. 277 BRYCE, JAMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 LODIAN, L. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755 BURLESON, HUGH L. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 MACGILLIVRAY, DONALD ••••••••••••••• 271, 594 BUTLER, JOHN W. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 MACLEAN, J. KENNEDY ……………….. 429 CALVERLEY, EDWIN Eo ……………….. 357 MATHEWS, BASIL …………………….. 106 McAFEE, J. ERNEST ………………….. 577 – MRS. I::.. E. . ……………………… 727 MCCAIG, A. • ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 769 MERRILL,. WILLIAM PIERSON •••••••••• ~ •• •• 281 CASALIS, M. ALFRED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 MOFFETT, T. C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 745 CHANG CHU'N Y, …………………… 274 MONTGOMERY, HELEN BARRETT •••.••.••.••• 598 MOTT, JOHN R. .••..•.•.•••••••••.••••.••• 567 CHAU, K. L …………………………. 929 MURRAY. ANDREW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531 – W,LLIAM D. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931 CLOUD, HENRY ROE ………………….. 329 NO.LE, MATTIE WILCOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 689 COLEMAN, MRS. GEORGE W. •••••••••••••••• 586 NOTT, M,SS GRACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 852 COLMORE, CHARLES B. ………………… 856 PAGE, Eo M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 827 CORNELISON, J. M. • ………………….. 529 PATTON, CORNELIUS H ………………… 349 CORY, ABRAM E. ……………………. 655 PEABODY, MRS. HENRY W. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 CRAWFORD) DAN •…..•………….••..•.. 76 PIERSON, DELAVAN L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 DANNER, WILLIAM M. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355 – MRS. DELAVAN L. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 DoUGHTY. W. E ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 436 – ERNEST D. ……………………….. 446 DoWNIE, MRS. DAVID ………………… 257 POR,ER, MRS. MARY CLOKEY ••••••••••••••• 774 DYER, MISS FRANCES J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685 RIDLEY.. B]SHOP •••.••.•••••••••••••.•••••• 934 EDDY, GEORGE SHERWOOD •••••••••••••••••• 167 ROHOLD, S. B. .. …………………. 443, 887 FAUNCE, W. H. P. …………………… 196 ROJ.IINGER., CHARLES H. . ……………… 509 ROWLAND, CHAS. A. …………………. 523 FETLER, W,LLIAM …………………….. 923 SCHAEFFER, CHARLES E. ……….•…… 367 SCHILLING, GERARD J ……………… 756, 809 FORSYTH, R. C. …………………….. 87 SCHLUNCK, M. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 FREASE, EDWIN F. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 SCOTT. CHARLES ERNEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588 FROST, HENRY W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37, 439, 508 SEEBACH, ],fRS. J. F. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 776 SMITH, FRED B. …………………….. 29 GLOVER, R. H. ………………………. 663 SPEER, RDBERT E. ……….. 7, 759, 835, 901, 916 THOMPSON, CHARLES L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121, 823 GRACEY, LILLY R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 TISDALL, CHAS. E. G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425 GLADDING, MRS THOMAS S. • •••••••••••••• 909 GREENE, J. M,LTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 GRENFELL, WILFRED T. • ……………… 919 GRICE, MRS. EDWIN C. ………………. 538 GRIFFIS, .WILLIAM ELLIOT ……………… 497 HAMILTON. KATE W. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 777 HERRICK, GEORGE F. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 HERRING, BRR.ERT Co ………………… 515 H,GG,NBOTTO.., SA.. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 HOARE, A. R. ……………………….. 528 PAGB PAGII TROWBRIDGE, STEPHEN VAX R. ••…••…..• 739 WHITTLES, THOKAS D. .. ……………… 197 VAN Ess, JOHN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 VANCE, J"MBIl I …………………….. 341 WILLIAMS, GEORGE J. . ……………….. 364 WEIBRECHT, H. U …••.••.••.•.•••..•.•..• 766 WELLS, MISS FLORENCE ………………. 687 WILSON, S. G. • ••………………….•• 267 W,NSBOKOUGH, MRs. V. C. •…….•…….. 138 ZWEMER, S. M………………….. 289, 417 SUBJECTS :(.

PAGE PAGE ABYSSINIA. Bible in………………… 635 Albania, Famine in…………………… 312 Addresses effective. Making Missionary…… 292 – Things to Omit in Missionary………. 938 – Horrihle Conditions in ………………. 547 Advertising for Missions, Successful …•.•.• 471 – MissioDs in the Local Church .•..••.•.•.. 451 Albanian Situation …………………… 153 Aeroplane Evangelism in Japan………… 630 AFRICA, Berlin Missions in………….. 76 Alcohol banished from Iceland ………….. 547 – Communities of Christian Adherents in .• 875 – Curse of Alcohol in ……………….. 151 – in Africa, Curse of………………… 151 – European Bishops on the West Coast of.. 874 – German Mission in ……………….•.. 9SS Aliens in America, Statistics of………… 514 – German Missions in South .•….•..•.•.• 876 – German Missions in West………….•.. 875 AMERICA, Are we Reaching our Share in 630 – Germany's LOl. in…………………. 791 – Glad Tidings from West and East. ….. 461 – Board's Good year …………………. 941 – Great Church in EJat……………….. 643 – Lions and Religious Services in ………. 394 – Catholics in ••..•..•.••..•••.•••…..•• 633 – Many Volunteer for ………………. 395 – Mission.'l, South…………………… 462 – Chinese Students Bapti~ed in ..•.••..•..• 715 – Moravian Missions in ……………. " .. 309 – More Rum for. ……….. ; …………. 954 – Chinese Women Students in…………. 63 -Nine Years' Progress in Nigeria………. 76 – North, Evil and Good in……………. 83 – Evangelists Work Among Russians in ….• 792 – – Islam in (a) E. F. Frease………… 409 – – Life of the Bedouin Women of (b) A. – First Conference of the Hebrew Christian V. Lilley ………………………… 277 Alliance of (b) S. B. Rahold ………… 443 – Remarkable Journey in ….•…………. 790 – Remarkable l'rogress in ……………… 875 – Japanese Revival in Los iAnn"g.e.l."……………… 475 – Significant Events of 1914………….. 2 – New National Campaign 404 -.South, French Missions in ….. ""." … ".. 151 – South, Good News from ……..•.•…… 711 – Progressive Evangelism in.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 725 – Successful Work for Moslem. in……… 309 – Systematic Giving in………… " .. ; … 953 – Religious Census for 1914…………… 312 – Task and the Toilers……………….. 75 – War Scenes in Central…………….. 76 – Southern Interest in Negroes .•……… 154 – West, Germans Suffer in……..•.•..• 382 – – Gospel Light Spreading in …..•…..• 555 – Statistics of Aliens in …….. "……… 514 – – Hungry for 1he GospeL………….. 394 – – Presbyterians in.. . .. .. • .. .. .. .. .. …. 711 – Training Pastors for Immigrants in…… 714 – Why he Liked his work in…………… 789 African Chief, Christian ……………….. 150 – War and the Financial Situation in …… 473 – Heathen Customs Changed …………•.• 953 – Inland Mission …………………… 635 American 'Foreign Missions. Growth of …..• 165 – "Men and Religion Movement"……….. 84 – Missions, Influence of the War on N<>rth 402 – Home Missions ……………•…….•• 165 – Natives and Rum .•……•.•……..•.• 790 – Women Rising ……………………. 462 – Indian Peyote Worship (a) Mrs. D. L. Agricultural Mission Work in Ewing Chris. Pierson .••••…….••••••..••.•……. 201 tian CoIlege (a) S. Higginbottom ……. 247 ALASKA, At the Top of the Continent (b) A. – Indians-From Wigwam to Pulpit (a) H.

R. Hoare ………………………. 527 R. Cloud ••••..•………………•… 329 – Liquor Menace to ………………….. 387 Americans, Heroic …………………… 781 Anglican Church in China …….•………. 303 – Progress in India ..•……………..•.. 299 Anniversaries and Prayer……………… 459 – in 1915, Missionary………………… 53 Anti-Saloon League of Age.. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 942 Apostles? What weTe the (b) G. J. Williams 364 Arab against Arab ……… "…………. 68 Arabia, Effects of the War in. . . . . . . . . . . • • .. 782 – Progress and Plague in…………….. 403 – What Christ Will Do far (b) S. M.

Zwemer ………………………… 289 '– What Mohammed has Done to (b) J. Van Ess ………………..•…………. 286 — With our Sisters in (a) Mrs. E. E.

Calverley ……………•••.•…….•• 727 Arabian Mission, News of the…………. 4 Arabic Completed, Reference Bible in ……• 710 Argentine, Mixed Multitude in.•…•……. 864 – Shall We Send Missionaries to (b) E. N.

Bauman ………………………… 820 ARMENIA, Assassination of ………….. 837 – Future of ….•…………………… 869 * <a) leinndgitcha.tes~laln article ov~r 3 lages in length; the letter (b) a brief article from one· to three pages otber subJects Indexed are less than one page in length. The number of the In = + = month when any gtven article appeared may be found by dividing the number of the page by 80 and adding 1 to the unit so <>btained. For example: page 548. -;- 80 6, 1 7 (July). PAGE PAGE Armenian Church and Beliefs., •.••••••••••• 847 BOOKS (new) •..••• 80, 240, 319, 339, 480, – – Regeneration of the ……………… 463 560, 640, 720, 799, 880, 960 – Evangelist, Wealthy ……………….. 229 – American Indian in the United States, Armenians, Plight of………………. 723, 805 1850·1914. W. K. Moorehead •••••••••• 558 – Who are the………………………. 845 "As a Man Thinketh………………….. 702 – Among Missions in the Orient. J. S. Hartzler and J. S. Shoemaker •••• ,….. 799 Assiut College? What is ……………….. 461 – Around the World with Jack and Janet. Australia, New Plan for ………………. 956 N. R. Waterbury …………………. 559 Australasian Methodism •••••••••.••••••••• 877 – Australia's Greatest Need. J. W. S. Tom- Axes, Native Handles in Missionary…….. 936 lin …………………………….. 480 BANNU in War Times ……………….. 149 Baptist Equipment, Increased.. • • • • • . • • • • •• 226 – Bambo(): Tales of the Orient Born. 1.. – Five·Year Program ………………… 865 Sharman ……………………….. 158 – Foreign Mission Finances •••••••••••••••• 473 – Legacy, Use of a ………………….. 942 – Bates, Life of I-I. Roswell. S. R. Barlow 79 – Retrenchment ………………….. '" 385 – Battling and Building Among the Bhils.. 79 – Work in Danger in India …………….. 148 – Bible and Life. E. H. Hugbes .••••••..• 797 Baseball versus Bull·Fights •…•..••••••••• 943 – Board of Missionary Preparation. F. K. Basel Mission Centenary ••….••.••••••••• 389 – – in China ………………………. 629 Sanders ……………………… '" 798 – – i n War Times …………………. 622 – Bohemians, The. E. F. Chase……….. 640 Bedouin Women of North Africa, Life of – By-products of the Rural Sunday-school.

the (b) A. V. Lilley…………. _….. 277 J. M. Somerndike ……………….. 158 Beginning of a Story (a) S. Van R. Trow· – Called to the Colors and Other Stories.•• 959 – Call of the East. T. Fraser …………. 157 bridge ………………………….. 739 – Camp and Tepee. E. M. Page ……….. 479 Belgian Refugees, Gospel for …………… 795 – Century in the Pacinc. J. Colwell •••••••• 559 Belgium, Christian Work in, …………… 310 – Childhood in the Moslem World. S. M. Berlin Mission in Africa………………. 76 Best Methods, Department of. Bene M. Zwemer ………………………… 959 – Christ or Nap()leon-Which? P. Ainslee 558 Brain 49, 131, 213, 291, 371, 451, 613, – Christian Equivalent of War. D. W. Lyon 558 691, 773, 857, 931 – – Hermit in Burma, and other Tales …• 399 — – Missions in Madagascar. E. O. Me· Better Off, but not Better……………… 76 BIBLE Circulation in Korea, Remarkable .• 553 Mahon …………………………. 480 – and Chinese Civilization .••••••••• ; • . • •• 872 – – Movement in the Japanese Empire, 1915. – Circulation in Siam ……………….. 232 – Circulation, Growth of .•..•….••.••.• 957 J. 1.. Dearing ……………………. 719 – Class in Korea, Active ………………. 553 – Hindu Rajah Translating the ………… 465 – Christianity and the Jew. D. W. Scott •• 959 – in Abyssinia ……………………… 635 – Church-a Community Force. W. M. – in Arabic Completed, Reference .•……. 710 – in Ireland … • .. • .. • .. • .. • .. . • . .. . . . .. 868 Tippy ………………………….. 158 – in Russia ……………………… " 546 – – a t the Center. W. H. Wilson …….. 240 – Influence of the ………………….. 877 – Notes From My Missionary •••.•••.•.••• 931 – Churches at Work. C. L. White ……… 960 – Reading, Missionary (b) G. J. Williams .. 364 – City of Dancing Dervishes. H. C. Lukach 560 – Society and the War ………………… 945 – Comrades in Service. Margaret E. Burton 880 – Soldiers reading the ………………… 227 – Spanish Mayor Studying the _… _. • • . . . .• 623 – Early Heroes of the Mission Field. W. – Station at Panama ••.••.•••••••.•…..• 226 P. Walsh ………………………. 639 – Translation, New …………………. 236 – Work, a Million Testaments for Soldiers. 85 – Education of Women in Japan. M. E. – – Difficulties of ………………….. 66 Burton ………………………… 15i Bibles and Battleships ………………… 542 – did in China, What some ……………. 302 – Efficiency Points. W. E. Doughty ••…• 719 – For Roman Catholics ………………. 561 – Fight for Peace. S. 1.. Gulick……….. 797 – for the Soldiers ………………. 152, 472 – From the Bread Line to the Pulpit. F. – for the South Seas, Poisoned .•…•..••.• 395 – i n Syria, Demand for ………………. 390 C. Baylis ……………………….. 79 Big Sister Movement …………………. 632 – Getting Things from God. C. A. Blan· Billy Sunday of Japan ………………… 704 Bishop's Adventure in :Mexico (b) Bishop chard ………………………….. 797 – Gleanings from Chinese Folk-lore. H. N. Aves ………………………….. 209 Blind in India, Bible for the ••.•••.•…••• 464 Russell …………………………. 637 Boards, THE REVIEW and the ………….. 221 – Great Missionary Pioneer. E. M. Dunlop. 319 Bolivia, Changes in…………………… 642 – Growth of the Christian Church. R. H. Bombay Council of Missions……………. 148 – on Missions, Ex-Governor of .. ~ ……… 238 Nichols ………………………… 319 – Hero of the Afghan Frontier. A. M. Pen- nell ……………………………. 399 – History of Christian Missions. C. H.

Robinson ……………………….. 879 – In Peace and War in Japan. H. Moore •• 558 – In the Land of the Head Hunters. E. S.

Curtis …………………………. 558 – Individual and the Social Gospel. S.

Mathews ……………………….. 158 – Italians, The. S. G. Pomeroy………. 640 -Japan, Faith ()f. T. Harada …………. 477 – – Spell of. I. Anderson..•….•••••.•• 798

PAGE PAGII Books, Japan to America. N. Masaoka •••• 477 Books. Though Wars Should Arise, Mrs. H.

–To-day and To-morrow_ H. W. Mabie 477 Taylor …………………………. 158 – Japanese People, History of the. F. Brink- – Unity and Missions. A. J. Brown ..•••• 719 ley •••..•.•••••.••…••••..•••..•….• 418 – Vital Forces of Christianity and Islam •• 637 – – Problem in the United States. H. A. – World Outlook……………………. 240 Mills …'. ……………………….. 798 Books which Evangalize ……………….. 625 -Jesus the Missionary. H. W. White . . . . . 319 Borneo, War Rumors in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877 – John Hus. W. N. Schwarze …….. 559, 879 Boy Scouts, Zanzibar …………………. 395 -Jubilee Story of the China Inland Mission. Brahman, Baptism of a ……………….. 949 M. Broomhall ………… • .. • • .. • …. 720 Brallmin Imposter ……………………. 391 Brazil, Atheism Taking ..•••…..••.••••••• 545 – Judson, the Hero of Burma. J. Page ••• 399 – Good News from ………………….. 717 – King's Highway. H. B. Montgomery •••• 557 – Gospel in South …………………… 633 _ Kiowa. I. Crawford……………….. 318 – Money-Lender's Conversion in ……….. 476 Brazilians Publicly Accept Christianity….. 865 _ Layman Revato. E. P. Buffet………… 317 Bright Bits of Missionary News ………… 957 – Light from the East. R. C. Armstrong .• 557 British and German Claims .•••.•.•••••.•..• 223 – Lure of Islam. C. M. Prowse ………. 638 – Charity ………………………….. 867 _ Making of a Country Parish. H. S. Mills. 158 – Christianity and the War (a) Basil c. -_of Christianity. J. Clarke………. 638 Mathews ……………………….. 106 – Columbia, From Head·hunters to Christians – Man and his Money. H. R. Calkins ….. 558 – Mary Webb and the Mother Society. A. L. in …………………………….. 633 – Finanoes ……………….. '………. 712 Vail ……………………………. 158 – Laymen's Movement ………………… 405 – Memories and Musings. J. Widdicombe •• 639 – Missionary Prisoners of War ……….. 381 _ Mission Code. C. L. Boynton……….. 720 – Missionary Statistics for 1914 …….. 221, 222 – Troops, With Christ among the (a) J. K. – Missionary Crusaders. C. Field ••••••••• 398 – – Triumphs among Settlers in Australia Maclean ……………………….. 429 – Workers in Conference •••.••••••••••••• 713 and the Savages of the South Seas. J. Buddhism and Christianity, Expert Experi.

Blachet •. .. • .. . .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. . • .. … 560 mental Testimony as to (a) R. E. Speer •• 159 – Missions and the Church. W. B. Stover. 639 -in three pictures …………………… 300 – – in the Plan of the Ages. W. O. Carver 317 Buddhist Priest Becomes a Christian •••.••.• 709 – Modern Heroes of the Missian Field. W. – Priests, Talks with (a) R. E. Speer……. 901 – Propaganda in Korea ………………… 74 P. Walsh ……………………….. 639 Bulgaria, Gypsy Revival in……………. 522 Bulgarian Hebrew Mission …………….. S46 – – Religious Movements in India. J. N. Burma, Campaign against Prostitution in Ran· Farquhar ……………………….. 398 goon (b) ………………………… 46 – Modernizing of the Orient. C. S. Coover 317 _ Prosperous School in (b) Miss L. R. Gracey 43 -Negro Year Book. M. N. Work, Editor .. 798 Business Man's Investments (a) A. A. Hyde 117 – New Home Missions. H. P. Douglas… 79 By-PrOducts of Mission Work in Labrador (a) 919 ~-Life in China. E. W. WalIace …….. 80 – Pioners–Studies in Christian Biography.

K. J. Saunders…………………… 158 – Present World Situation. J. R. Mott …. 239 – Prince and Uncle Billy. C. L. White .••• 639 – Problem of Leadership. E. E. Elliott….. 240 – Real Turk. S. Cobb ……………….. 479 CAIRO, Turkish Students in …………… 325 – Regeneration of New China. N. Bitton… 80 '7 – University, Trustees for……………. 150 – Revelation of the Chinese Revolution. J. J. Mullowney …•… :…………….. 158 Calendar of Meetings and Conventions…… California, Orientals at Services in……… 64 – Rising Churches in Non·Christian Lands. Cal1 of the Times …………………… 684 A. J. Brown ..••….•••••••….•••••• 960 -to the Home Church from Japan …….. 304 Cal1s for Missions, Making …………….. 617 – Roman Catholicism Analyzed. J. A. Philips 638 Canada, Prohibition in ………………… 792 – Prospect of Union in ……………….. 716 638 – Satisfactory Conditions in ••••..•…..•.• 716 – "Rpme" In Scripture and History. F. C.

Jennings ……………………….. 799 – Russia and the World. S. Graham .•…• 479 Canadian Baptists in India……………. 148 – Samuel B. Capen. C. J. Hawkins ……• 397 – Indians and Eskimo……………….. 544 – Sight to the Blind. L. Furman ••….•.• 319 Canons. 'Dangerous Cathedral………….. 149 – Social Christianity in the Orient. Mrs. J. Catholic Missions Handicapped ………..•. 796 E. Clough……………………….. 398 Catholics, Bibles for Roman…………… 561 – South America. J. Bryce …………….. 879 – in America ………………………. r 633 – – of Panama. A. Ross ……………… 637 Central Turkey Col1ege……………….. 307 – Speaker's Handbook ………………… 797 Ceylon, Colporteur in………………… 465 – Sunday·School Teacher and -the Program Chang Chien, Leader of New China. . . • • • . •• 144 of Jesus. G. H. Trull and J. S. Stowell 797 Chapel Cars in Russia (b) L. Lodian ……. 755 –Tour of the Orient. F. L. Brown ….. 318 Chicago Tract Society, Quarter·Centennial of 381 …;..;. Study of a Rural Parish. R. A. Fenton .• 960 – Uprootmg Vice in ………………….. 645 – Thirteen Years in Mexico. C. W. Drees 799 Children, Need of Moslem …………….. 810 -Thirty Years in the Manchu Capital. D. – Uncle .Sam's Little …………………. 320 Christie .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. • .. .. . . .. . .. •• 397 – World·Wide Work for ……………… 806

PAGE l'AG& Chile, Conditions in .••………………… 314 Chin,ese Christian, Din)! Li Mei………… 130 – "Instituto Ingles"………………….. 155 – Christian Patnots (a) D. ~acGi11ivral'" 271 – Missionary Cooperation in…………… 6S – Chri.tian Statistics to Date..••••••••.•. 705 • – Christians and the Jew……………… 301 CHINA, After the Eddy Meetings in ……• 302 – Cities, Evangelization of…………………………. 143 – Adult Bible Classes in ••••..••………. 886 –Work in ……………………….. 71 – America's Opportunity in …•……….. 785 =- Colporteur and the Doetor…………… 145 – and Japan, Agreement between ……….• 483 ffr.~~~C,,:r th'c,' •(ids" i:: ::::: ::: ::: :: :: :: 4~r – Anglican Church in ••••••.••.•……….• 303 – Florence Nightingare'……………….. 551 – Basel Mission in ……..•.•………… 629 – Forms Bible Classes……………….. 392 – Burmese Border, On tpe……………. 872 – Girls, Refuges for…………………. 707 – Calls to Prayer in ..•……………… 801 – Idea of why the Nations are fighting …•• 550 – Christian Conflict in (b) K. L. Chau .•.. 929 – in Mission Councils ………………… 144 – Christian Leaders in……………….. 82 = :::::::::::::::::: In – Newspaper Competition ….•…•..•.•.•.• 468 – Christianity Helps the Republic of. Chang -l~rayer for Europe…………………. 81 Chu'n Yi……………………….. 275 – Church in •••..•……..••.•…..•…… 628 ~~i~2~i f~~ri:~e ~e~f:: – Cigarets for.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 302 S~cchhoooollboRy'esvi in a……………. . . . . 143 – Curious Marriage Customs in………… 304 estions•• , ………… . . . . 706 – Do Missions Pay in ………………. 951 Ln…………… – val – Eddy Campaign in…………………. 5 Ou – "Efficiency Methods" in…………….. 564 – – End of "White Wolf"………………. 72 – ::-ichool", M{)rils Taught 71 – Fifty Years Work in ………………. 301 – Slave'Girls, Protection for ………….. 351 – Fitting Honor Ito a Missionary ……….. 233 – Some Notable …………………….. 951 – Floods Destroy Mission Property in….. 786 – Statesmen Led to Christ…………….. 627 – General Synod .•.•.•..••••••…•…….. 785 – Students, Awa:kel'lill;g amo~…………. 5 – German Mission in ……•••••.•…•…•. 872 – Students BaplI:<ed Ill' Amenca ..•••.•••• ~ – Inland Mission, 1865·1915, Fifty Years of – Student's Testimony ..••••…….•.•••.• 707 =- Teachers…. Wanted: a Thousand ..•.••..•• 233 the (a) H. W. Frost ..••.••……•.•. 489 – Inland Mission Jubilee……………… 310 – Tibetan Horder, On the •••••…•…….. 628 – Inland Mission, Twin Mottoes of the….. 934 – Items of Interest from Kaifeng ……… 304 Wg;;,';~it~~u~~~~;t~d.A;,;.;ri~~::: : ::::::::: 4~~ – Japanese demands on ……………….. 242 -Yo M. C. A •..•••..••••••••••.•..•.•..• 144 – Leader of New ……………………. 144 Choose ye this Day (Poem) ………….• 363 – Modern Method. in Chuchow ……….. 871 – New Cult in……………………… 404 Christ and Mohammed ……………….. 270 – Notable Union Work in (a) A. J. Bowen 97 Christian Endeavor in Egypt . . . . . . • • • • • . • • 711 – One University for Fifty Million People .. 786 – Outlo,ok in ……………………….. 626 -thinking in Millions ……………….. 724 – Promising Work in South …………… 551 – Endeavorers Unite for Peace ………….. 85 – Radical Changes in ………………… 301 – Forces …. • .. .. • . .. . .. . • . . • • .. . . . • • … 700 – Recrudescence of Paganism in …•••….• 950 Christianity, Modern. IWt . H. P. Faunce .•.• 196 – Religi()u8 Needs of………………… 11 – Win 1 Will (a) F. Sm ith …………. 29 – Revival in Fukien …………………. 325 Christmas. Mislonary ;,uggestious for… • .• 857 – Rockefeller'. Plan for….. • . . • . . . . . . . .. 466 – Peacemaker, Bishop Ridley ………••.• 933 – Sack full of Idols ………………….. 233 – "Scatter-the-Truth Band" in ………… 404 Christ's Conditions of Peace (b) J. H. Jowett 849 – Significant Events of 1914………….. 2 – Missionary Motives (a) H. W. Frost….. 37 – Some Secular Allies in (b) D. MacGillivray 594 Church, Diet for a Sick (a) J. 1. Vance •••• 341 – Statistics of Missions ……………….. 143 – Drone, Sohg of the ………………… 617 – Sunday-Schools in Heathen Templ……. 72 – Superstition and Riots in •.•.•.•……… 146 – God's Call to the (It) G C. Lenington .• 677 – Thirty Thousand to hear the Gospel in…. 871 – Missionary .. .. .. • .. .. .. .. .. .. • .. .. .. … 296 – Transformation of (a) R. C. Forsyth….. 87 – – C{)mmittee • .• . . •• . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . • . . 51 – Transformation of Hunau…………… 82 – Two Candidates for the Church in…….. 2JJ – MissioRary Society votes uNo Retrench· – Union Medical College in Peking…….. 706 ment ………………………….. 944 – Union Undertakings in …………….. 627 – Officers, Study Class for …………….. 942 – War a Test of Christians in ………… 301 – Officers, Educating…………………. 52 – What some Bihles did in…………… 302 – Program, Simple ………. "………… 51 -Whirlwind Campaign in …..•.••…….• 468 Cigaret. for China ..•………………… 302 – Why the Sunday-School is Needed in ….. 145 – Wide-open Door in (a) G. S. Eddy …… 167 – Picture·Cards and …………………. 70S – Yale in………………………….. 392 City llissions, Cooperation in………….. 47S China's Cities, Challenge of (a) C. E. Sc"tt 589 Clinic in Comparative Religion (a) R. E. Chinese Bible Women, Christian Activity.. 302 m Speer ………………………….. 75~ – Children, Magazine for ………….. 468, 871 – Businoess House, Christian …………… 145 ~gl~~~e~is~~ ~~~d1o~~~eChi;'~~~:::::::: Coming Events ………… 86, 167, 246, 327, 406, 566, 646, 726 Conference at Rochester, Pastor's Mi$ionary (a) D. L. Pierson …………………. 111 – on Missions, Prayer and…………….. 142 .."':: . "Confidence Me~" Missionari…………. 60 ~g~~[~~~~~lpl~i.sr;;;, Mgfatt~tics :~I:~~ ~~~~ 1~~ – Missions and the War ………………. 94S – Missions, England and the………… 66 – Conventions, Calendar of Meetings and.. 77 Cooperatron in Chile, Missionary……….. 65 Coptic Church, Reform in the………….. 236 Correction-Receipts for Missions ……….. 630 Criminals in South India, Saving (b) Mrs.

D. Downie ••.••..••.•…•..•……•… 257 =Cross, Present Call of the (a) W. P. Merrill 281 Cuba, Fifteen Years in (a) J. M. Gr(ene …• 175 ~~~isl;l~~fo~e~~1t~ . ~f' .p;~i"si~;'t • M:i;si~;'~ 226 in …………………………….. 181 Cure for Race Hatred. Sure … " ..•…… 868 DARTMOUTH Students did it, How…… 63 Daughters of the Tent (b) A. V. Lilley •.•• 277 Deaf, Chinese School for the………….. 13 DEATHS – Barbour, Rev. Dr. Thomas S…………. 878 – Beattie, Rev. James ……………….. 556

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PAGE PAGE –DeaBBtlehirssgs. eBno~enPBtaoeunilruontf, ,Neowf York, Dr. Stephen O. 958 Exposition, Moral Conditions at the …….. 632 China …………..• 796 Mrs. 636 FACTS, Missionary …………………… 316 Daniel. .•………• Fame, Missionary Hall of …………….. 380 -Casalis of France, A. E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '" 958 Federal Council, Work of the …………… 153 – Chamberlain, Mrs. Jacob … ; ………….. 396 Fetler in Exile, Pastor ……………….. 311 – Condit, Dr. Ira M., of Cahfornla …….. 556 Fetler's New Work, Pastor …………….. 542 Fifty Years of the China Inland Mission 1865· – Comstock, Anthony, of New york…•..• 878 1915 (a) H. W. Frost. ……………. 489 – Doremus, Miss S. D., of New york ….. 396 Figures, Some Striking………………… 686 Filipinos, America's Gift to the………… 77 – Ely of Bitlis, Miss Charlotte E ..••.•…• 958 Finances, British . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 712 – Field, Rev. Alec ………………….. 556 Financial Situations in America, War and … 473 – Finney, Rev. Thomas J. . …………… 878 Fire, Giving Tested hy ………………… 155 Fishermen Prisoners of War………….. 945 – Guinness of London, Dr. H. G………• 636 Flag and Cross in Philippines …………… 156 – Hallam Rev. E. C. B., of India ………. 316 Floods Destroy Mission Property in China.. 786 – Jewett' Mrs Lyman ……………….. 396 Flying Squadron for Temperance ………•• 386 – Knapp, Rev: G. P., of Turkey ……….. 878 Fooehow Revival, Following the . . • . . . . • . . • 550 – MMcaDhoa~nel1A, dMmrirsa. l ….. •.. ..•…. ..••.. . . 156 Foreign Missions Conference of North Amer· – E. W., of Mosu!. …… . . 556 – Miller, Rev. E. R., of Japan ..•………• 796 ica …………………………….. 165 – Moore, Dr. F. T., of Beirut ….•..•.••••• 396 Formosa, Fifty Years in ……………… 471 – Pitcher, Philip W., of China ..•……..• 796 – Blind in ………………••..•……• 952 – Pollock, Mrs. A. W … .G. .e.o.r g. .e . .c.. …………•… 878 Forward t() Christ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238 – Raynolds of Van. Mrs. 958 France War Reforms in ………………. 624 – Roberts Earl, on Missions ………….. 156 Free Methodist Church, Missionary Work of – Sharp Miss Mary of Liheria…………. 78 the ……………..•….•………•. 834 – Shedd: Mrs. W. A., of Pe':sia ………… 556 French Missions in Need ……………… 472 – Upcraft, Wm. M., of China………•.. 796 – Missions in South Africa ……………. 151 – Ussher of Van Mrs. Clarence D …….. 958 -.:….. War and (a) M. A. Casalis . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 – Varley Miss Alice ………………….. 056 – Protestant Mission Work ……………. 228 – Wald,,{eier of Syria, Mr. Theophilus …… 636 – Protestants and the War …………….. 152 – Washburn, Georg,e, of Constantinople .•.. 316 Frenchman's Testimony ………………. 946 – 'Washington, Booker T. . …………••. 960 From Wigwam to PUlpit (a) H. R. Cloud .. 329 Rohert J……………….. Fuel for Missionary FIres . . . . 1, 81, 141, 241, – WWyilcliknogfnf aomf' India, Dr. J.. i-J;.. .• . ….. : •• 238 – 636 321. 401. 481, 561, 641, 721, 801, 881 Devotional Service of the MlssiOnary MeetIng 533 – – Strengthening the Mrs. S. H. Askew .• 534 GALICIA Jewish Missions in …………. 623 Geography; C1ass in Missionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935 Diet for a Sick Church (a) J. I. Vance ..•• 341 Ding Li Mei, Chin!,se Christi";·' ………….. 130 Disciples' CommIsSIon on Latin Amenca…. 65 Disciples of Christ ..•..•.••.•………..•• 62 Discipleship (Poem) W. H. Frost… . . . . . . . .. 508 GERMAN claims, British and ….•…….•.• 223 – Test of (b) H. L RurleSt.n …….•…… 207 – Deaconesses, Heroism of……………. 390 Dividends, Good Missionary (b) C. A. Row- – Mission in China ………………….. 872 land …••.•………. _……………. 523 – Missionaries in British Territory ……… 382 Dodge Miss Grace Hoadley, Gifts of …….. 225 – – In India ……………………….. 870 ==l:: :::::::::::::::::::::: – Missions Crippled…………………… 547 Domin'ican Republic, In the ……………. 834 – Mission Finance …………………… 946 Drink Traffic and African Natives ……..••. 790 ~J!i~.:::::: 9~g Duke, H. Z. gives Profits for God ……… '" 61 EDDY Campaign in China…………….. 5 – – in Japan ……………………….. 623 – Meetings in China, After the ………… 302 – – in South. Africa ………………… 876 Eddy's Interpreter, Sherwood …………… 786 Education in China, Christianity in Relation – – in West Africa ……… : …………. 875 – – War and (a) M. Schlunk………… 103 ,to. Chang Chu'n Yi ……………… 274 – Missions War a~enlidgi.o.n. . ……………… 946 – Prison Camps, in ………….. 795 EGYPT a British Colony………. 1 sn Missionaries in IndIa, Interned …………. 948 – Among the Soldiers in …………….. :. 393 Germans, Good Word for……………… 67 – Ceylon and India, Glimpses of Work In – in British Colonies………………….. 472 – Suffer in West Africa ……………… 382 (b) Mrs. H. W. Peabody………….. ;14 Germany converted to Islam? …………. 230 – Christian Endeavor in ……………… 711 – Testaments wanted in …. …. , ….. , '" .. 869 – For the Women of. ………………… 789 – New Bible Translation ..•..•………… Germany's Loss in Africa ……………. 791 How Gideons Good Work of the…………… 225 -no Longer Turkish …………………. 235 Gifts, to Secure Large (a) A. E. Cory 655 – Success of Missions in………………. 308 – Increasin~ Interest through …….•.•..• 936 – Y. M. C. A. Building in …………… 87-1 – One Day s Income for Missions ………. 385 Egytian Children, For . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711 – Some of the Larger ……………….. 312 – Plague, Modern …….. : …………… 789 Elat, Africa, Great Church tn ..•……….. 643 Give, How Shall we (Poem) •.••••…….• 285 Endeavorers, War and British ………….. 310 – to missions, Why should every Church …. 260 Giving and Living (Poem)……………… 48 .!.nf~fa~' i;~~i~.~. ~:~~~~:~ . ~~: : : : : : : : : :: : : :: ~~~ – How Dartmouth Students did it……… 63 ~~fi~:i~gS~~etfE~iir~e~h~~~~~~. ~~:::::::::: 2~~ – in Africa, Systematic ………………. 953 – in Tips and in Tithes (b)…………… 47 Episcopal Emergency Fund _. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 866 – in Toronto, Missionary……………… 64 – Missions in Hai,!i (b) C. B. Colmore …•• 856 – "Not one Cent…………………….. 684 – Progress in the Philippines ………….. 876 – of Time in Korea ………………….. 705 Eskimo Canadian Indians and. H .. •• • • • • • •• 544 – or Relinquishing ……………..•…… 796 – Gospel and the ……………………… 645 – Self·Imposed Income Tax……………. 544 Europe, Refugee Students in ….••……..• 228 – tested by Fire …………………….. 155 – Significant Events of 1914…………… 2 European War in Japanese Eyes …..•….• 469 – Three Principles of………………… 141 Evangelism in America, Progressive …….. 725 -~ up to Give More . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616 – University ……………………….. 246 God Impartial-Not Neutral……………. 57 Evangelization of Chinese Cities………… 143 God's Can to the Church (a) G. C. Lenington 677 – of the ,Vorld a Reality or a Dream? Is – Search for Man……………………. 61 the (a) F. B. Smith……………….. 29 Gospel According to You .(Poem) ………. 528 Guatemala Native EvangelIsm In •••••…•.• 644 Graffan, Miss Mary L. …..• . . . . . . • •. . . .. 948 Events, Coming………………………. 487 Gypsy Revival in Bulgaria..•.••………… 622 Every·member Canvass ………•……….• 474 – in Hainan………………………… 786 HAIN AChN~ng"eEsv ei nr y.·.M. .e.m.b. .e r. . Can vass" in …. 786 – Perils in the………………………. 62 Haiti …. ….. ……. 808 – Episcopal Missions in (b) C. B. Colmore .. 856 Ewing, Rev. J. C. R., Honors to ………… 391 – Reforms Needed in …………………. 227 Exhibits Accessible, Missionary . . . . . . . . . . . ,. 63

• PAGE PAGE· Half·Told Tales ……………………… 697 India. Union Work for Outcasts in …….. 784 Hamill Memorial in Japan …. __ .. .. .. …. 552 – What Shall be Done?……………… 166 – Y. W. C. A. Conference in ………….• 708 Hammond, Christian Church at. …•…….. 475 Indian Christian Saint………………… 549 Hangchow, Fifty Years -in ••.••….•..•….• 392 Hartz~lI. Bishop•. Retires ….•….•…….. 954 – National CounciL ………………….. 391 Hawallan AssocIatIon………………….. 544 —< Native Christians as Evangelists ………. 300 Head·Hunters. Luke's Gospel for .•……… 541 ~ Peyote Worship, American (a) Mrs. D. – to Christians, From ………………… 633 Heathen. The POGr ……………………. 635 L. Pierson ………………………. 201 ~ Ruler of Promise………………….. 70 Hebrew Christian Aliance of America, First – Students in England……………….. 794 Conference of the (b) S. B. Rohold …. 443 ~ Troops in Europe………………….. 868 – – Conference •……………………. 313 – Villages, Appeal from .. __ ……………. 549 – ltIissioll, Bulgarian…………………. 546 -Yo M. C. A. and the ……………….. 543 H.erOline, Missiona.ry .. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 948 Indians and Eskimo, Canadian…………. 544 ~ as Christians, American (b) J. M. Corneli- Higginbottom, Sam, Princeton Man in Allaha- bad ……………………………. 247 son . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 529 ~ Call of Ten Million Neglected (a) G. J. Higgins. Frank E.. The Lumberjacks' Sky .. m Pilot (a) T. D. Whittles …………… 197 ~i~~~'sR¥!~ ~'rci;'i~~~t~:: ~i.b.l~:::::::::: Schilling .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 809 – Missions among ……………………. 543 – of .the United States. Christian and Non· Holi Festival in India. Unholy ………….. 280 Christian Ca) T. C. Moffett ………… 745 Holy War of Islam…………………… 2 – Ten Little ………………………… 218 Home Missions. American ……•……….. 165 Indian's Ideal, Christ, an……………… 300 – – as a Social Force <a) C. L. Thomp&on~ 121 – Own Story of his Progress from Darkness Honduras, An overlooked Mission Field …. 633 t" Light (a) H. R. Cloud ……….•. 329 Hunan, China, Transformation of……….. 82 India's Population according to Religion ….. 299 Hun~:ryS;ha~d~r::':':::~:·..~~~:~~~. ~~. ~~~.~: 367 Industrial Mission in the Philippines ……… 237 – School in Manchuria ……………….. 466 Hus. John. and the Moravians Ca) C. H. – Training in Porto Rico……………… 793 Rominger ……………………….. 509 Intercession-Highest Form of Service (a) W. E. Doughtr …………………… 436 ICELAND. Alcohol banished from ……… 547 Interchurch Activities in U.S.A………….. 565 Idols in China, Sack fulI of ……………. 233 – Commission, New………………….. 866 – Making Good Use of……………….. 626 International Missionary Union, at Clifton ~pringsJ N.Y., Third-second Annual Immigrants, Churches of Italian ………… 542 Meeting of the (a) G. C. Lenington …. 677 – in America, Training Pastors for …….. 714 — Union Conferences on……………… 386 Interned Mi sMsioonvaermye. nWt oargkaoinf satn……………………. 954 – Uniting to Help the (a) H. C. Herring .. 515 Intoxicants, 86 f~fl;;'~d'oPs~~~r':.ti~~ ~f : : : :: :: : : :: : : : : : : ::: ~~~ . Immigration and the War……………… 791 Impostors. Beware of .. __ ………………. 939 Income·Tax. Self·lmposed ……………… 544 – Drawbacks of. …………….. __ … "" 634 =- Germany converted to ………………. 230 INDIA. Agitation for Church Union in …. 231 ~oIYEn'ir:~d ~~: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :: 38~ – An Outcast, One of God's Noblemen …… 231 – in North Africa (a) E. F. Frease …….. 409 =-~and the Gospel. ……………………. 230 – Turkey and Cb) H. U. Weibrecht. …….. 766 – Anglican Progress in……………….. 298 Islands of the Sea. Significant Events of 1914 2 Italian Gospels. New Pope Favors ……… 311 ~ig1t~stfO';~~~ ~~i~ai:~:::::::::: : : : : : : :: !~~ ..: – Bdi~~n.~ .,::t~. ~~~~~ .i~. ~~~ .~~s: :~'. ~l~~: 909 – Immigrants. Churches of……………. 542 – Calls to Prayer in …………… __ . __ … 801 Italy. Opportunities in. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 724 – Canadian Baptists in……………….. 148 JAPAN.. Aeroplane Evan~elism in ………. 630 — Change of Tactics in……………… 806 – Agreement between Chma and ……….. 483 – Christian Congress in Travancore…….. 708 – and Korea………………………… 10 – Christian Village Headmen in ………•• 949 – Barber Evangelist………………….. 553 – Christian Unity in …………………. 884 – Can to the Home Church from………. 304 – Epoch for…………………………. 549 – Campaign to Date…………………. 484 – Ex·Brahmin Elder in ……………….. 783 – Christian Business Men in………….. 74 – Farming N~is~iona~y i~ ..•…………… 247 – – MailUfacturer and Philanthropist in ..• 469 — Ger~an. Ml~SlOnarles In…………….. 870 – – Message from America to…………. 234 –MIssIons In … o •• 0 •• 0 •• 0 •••••••••• 0 ••• 70 – – Orphanage in …………………… 305 ~ Disintegration of the Old Religions in (b) 128 – Giving two thousand a chance………… 232 =~Et~~~~l itf:h1~~~~iaft~~;,· i~:: :::::: :::~ ~~ – Glimpses of Work in Eg)"pt, Ceylon and –Eva~ge1istic Cam.paign in Osaka ..•… 641 (b) Mrs. H. W. Peabody…………… 34 =Ge;;a~ J[s~f~~~s i~~: ::::::::::::::::::: ~~j – Gospel of the Plow in (al S. Higginbottom 247 — Government Appeal 10 Missionaries,….. 148 – Great Ingathering in………………… 6~ – Had no Time for Overwork………….. 949 – Good and Evil in Conflict in ……….. 873 – Laymen's Movement in ……………… 241 – ~over!Iment Chr.ist,i,an. Lecture HalJ in… 73 – Letter Writing and Prayer to Win Men in 549 – HamIll Memonal In ….•.•••••••.••.• 552 – Many Truly Converted in ………….. 465 – in Manchuria, Influence of………….. 629 — Mass Movements Increasing in .•……..• 299 – in Transition (b) Miss F. Wells …….. 68; – Needs of the Church in …………….. 469 – Medical Missions on the Frontier of… . .. 625 ~ New Privilege to Mission Schools in…… 703 — Missionaries Taken for War Agents in. . .. 708 – National Christianity in …………….. 883 – Powe,' of God in ………………….. 702 – New Creatnres in ………………….. 950 – Progress in a Single Field in …•….•.• 951 ~ Open·Air Sunday·schools in………….. 78" – Prospects of Christianity in …………. 241 . – Owes to the Pioneers, What. ……….. 783 – Protest from ……… __ ………… __ .. 147 – Plague a Missionary Opportunity in …… 70i – Protestant Missions in……………… 73 –in Picture Cards in ……………… 149 – Significant Events of 1914…………… 2 – Present Problem in………………… 69 – Six Million Unevangelized Women in … 470 —- Problems of Mass Movements in ……… 564 – Sunday·school Work in ……………… 14G – Progress in……………………….. 12 – Rajah's Thankoffering in ……………. 625 – Temperance Movements in ..•………… 641 .- Rice Christians in………………….. 464 -Then and Now .. ______ …………….. 552 – Ruler of Promise in ……………….. 231 – "Tiger Year" in (b) Miss Grace Nott. .. 852 – Salvation Army in __ ……………….. 783 – Saving Criminals in South (b) Mrs. D. -Travelers' Aid in………………….. 74 ~ What Christianity has done and is doing Downie …………………………. 257 for Ca) K. Ibuka ………. __ .. __ ….. 649 – Significant Events of 1914……………. 2 – Unholy Holi Festival in …………….. 280 – Woman's Progress in (a) W. E. Griffis .. 497 – Work in One City __ ……… __ ….. __ . 873 FAGS I'AGE Japanese, Christian Literature fo;"", .•… 552 Latin America, Increased Interest in……. 161 – Choose Christian Careers…..•..•…….. 952 – Need of . . … .c… . …………….. . . .. 885 – Churc~ Need of the ……………….. 787 – Students of (a) D. Hurrey ……. . . .. 817 =- Club "tudy Christianity…..•……….. 703 Latin-American Congress ………………. 699 – – (b) C. L. Thompson .••••.••.•••••••• 823 – Demands on China………………… 242 Layman's Conference, Southern …… __ …. 313 ~}fi~fal;u~~aeaKor~~ ifi's~i~~~;i~~::::::: jg~ – Missionary Movement, Campaign of the .. 404 – Movement, British ………..•..•…… 405 – Prayer, Answer to a……………….. 787 – Movement in India ………………… 241 – Prophecy ………………………… 704 Ledger, My •……….•……..•.•…•.•. 622 – Report on Korea …………………… 471 Lepers, Missions among ••………….•..•. 555 – Revival in Los Angeles…………….• 475 – Sig;ns of Progress among…………… ~04 = ~na;; o!m~n~if~ .t~. :~~. :~~.~: .~'..~:~~~: 3~~ -Thmk of the War, What……………..34 Liberia, Methodist Success in. " … __ . __ . … 554 – Viewpoint •.•………..•.•………… 701 Japan's Demand for Books….•………… 703 ~ Progress in …. _…….. _…… " ……. 150 – Work in Korea ……………………. 235 Light of the World, Christ the…………. 862 Jesuits in the World, Number of……….. 957 Liquor Menace to Alaska …..•………..• 387 Jewish "Endeavor" Movement………….. 867 – Traffic and the War………………… 634 – Mission in MontreaL………………. 715 – Missions in Galicia………………… 623 m – Movement against ……..•…….•….. 86 – Workers'pSpecial Training for …..•..•… 940 Jews and rophecy.. .. .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . …. 722 t~:ini~~:;:s ~fhl~ ~~;tit~~~:::::::::::::::: -and the Great War ……………… 384, 721 Lull, Raymund-Missionary to Moslems (al – Chinese Christians and the ………….. 301 S. M. Zwemer ……………………. 417 – in Rumania, Mission to ……………… 713 – Is There Room for the (a) S. B. R"hold 887 Lull's Martyrdom, Anniversary of _… _…… 631 -Tudaea for the ……………………. 308 Lumherjacks' Sky Pilot, Frank E. Higgins – Turning Cbristward ………………… 406 – War and the ……………………… 547 (a) T. D. Whittles ……………….. 197 "Jihad" Appeal to Moslems…………….. 520 – Rampant in Persia (b) R. M. Labaree … 521 MADAGASCAR, Better Feeling in ..•….•. 152 Judaea for the Jews ………………… 308 Magyars in Hungary and in America (b) C.

KANSAS "Cruise of Ointment" (b) W. M. Schaeffer …..••………..•.••.••…. 367 Danner ………………………… 355 Mailed Hand and the Nailed Hand …..•.. 224 Malaysia and the Islands………………. 77 Kerr, Dr. Robert, Medical Missionary, Story – Anti-Christian Propaganda in _. _.. _….. 956 of (a) E. D. Pierson ..•..•….•……• 446 – Day of Opportunity in (a) C. E. G. Tis· Kikuyu Controversy ~nd Cooper3'tion …….• 485 dall ……………………………. 425 – Controversy Contmued……………… 794 Manchuria, Industrial School in …….. ,' … 466 ~imura, Rev…H."S., Billy Sunday of Japan .• 704 -Influence of Japan in ……………… 629 – Maps in the Sunday·School, Plea for….. 693 Knee Medlcme …………………….. 700 Marriage Customs in China, Curious ……. 304 Kongo, Market Day on the…………….. 462 Mass Movements in India, Problems of. … S64 – Missionary Activity in the ………….. 712 – – Increasing in India ……………… 299 – Prosperity in Belgium……………… 789 M ass Movement in Indian Villages, Glimpse of Koran to the Bible, From the …..•…..• , .. 307 (a) Mrs. '1'. S. Gladding …………… 909 =KOREA, Active Bible·Class in ..•….•.••.•• 553 Me All Mission and the War (a) G. T. Berry 605 'hna~ U~~~~:"t" i~::: :::::: ::: :: ::: ::: ::: ~5~ – War and the……………………… 66 Medical College in Peking, Uni"n …••…• 706 – "Bi@e.Pockets" in …………………. 470 – Mission Survey.•..•••••..••••••••••.•.• 154 – Buddhist Propaganda in……………. 74 – Missionary Conference …•..•…..••.•.• 154 – Contest in Selling Gospels in………… 788 – Missions on the Frontier of India…… 625 – Japan and………………………… 10 – Opportunities in Mexico…………….. 864 – Japanese Report on …….. ·…………. 4237) Meeting, Devotional Service of the Mission· – Japan's Work in…………………… … — Lavish Giving of Time in …………… 705 ary •.•……………………•…..• 533 – Letter from (b) R. E. Speer. ………. 916 – Methodist Revival in .••…………•… 326 Men, Twenty-five Missionary Services for … 615 – New Pentecosts in ..••..•…..•….•…. 565 Message, Missionary ………………….. 718 – Religious Ihstruction in…………….. 484 – Remarkable Bible Circulation in ……… 553 – o f the Hour (a) J. R. Mott ….. '" …. 567 – . Statistics from ……………………. 74 Methodist Finances and War relief……… 62 – Sunday.seho~1 qrowtb in …….•..•.•… 705 -Men, New England………………… 6 – – Opportunity m …………………. 874 – – Ohio Convention of. ……………..• 326 – Systematic Soul-Winning in …………. 470 – Revival in Korea………………….. 326 – Typical Case in …………………… 789 – Success in Liberia ……..•.•……….. 554 – Union Theological School in ..•…••.•• 952 Metbodis~ Good Work of Southern •…..• 941 – What Led them to Christ in.•…..•….. 788 Mexican Lrisis, Protestants in the ……….. 864 – Work for Japanese in ……………… 704 Korean Christtan Nobleman, Yun Chi·ho …. 507 MEXICO, Bishop's Adventure in (bl Bishop – Christian Released …………………. 305 Aves ……………•…..•……….. 209 – Church a Model. …………………… 953 — Churches, Advance in ……………… 393 – Calls to Prayer in…………………. 801 – Colporteurs. Voluntary …..•………… 235 – Church and Patriotism in ..•..••.••… ,. 476 – Cut·Out ….•……•..•………. " .•.. 698 – Homes, Christ in (bl M. W. Noble ……. 689 =~~itKf~iti~y:::e~· i';:::::::: ::::::::::::: 71~ – Missionaries, Ja¥anese Official.s and …… 392 – S'!nday·Scb?o!s or non·Chrlstlan ….•…. 393 – Medical Opportunities in…………….. 864 – VteW, Chnstlan ……………………. 147 – Missionaries Return to …………… _.. 544 – Villagers Banish the Saloon ………….. 630 Koreans "Born Preachers"…………….. 554 – Opportunity in…………………….. 65 – New Dictionary for ………………… 305 – People of…………………………. 314 Korea's Progress, Facts Concerning……… 690 – Program for …•………….•..•…..• 162 – Readjustment in …………………… 315 LAOS Epidemic ……………………… 626 – Religious Toleration in (al J. W. Butler.. 191 Labrador, Dy·Products of Mission Work in (al – Suffering ……………… , . .. . . . . . . .• 387 – War Orphans in …………………… 634 W. T. Grenfell …..•……..•.••.•.. 919 – What is Coming in ………………… 476 Latin-America, Congress on Christian Work – Wide Open to the Gospel…………… 793 Miao, BaptIsms among the ……………… 466 in …………………………….. 631 Militarism, Missions and (b) W. C. Allen … 26 – C<?op,eratton on !,,:Ii~sions in………….. 486 Million Dollar Goal. ………………….. 631 – Dlsclples CommISSIon on……………. 65 Ministers, Missionary Convention of…….. 6 Missionaries, Remember the……………. 58 – Who should be ……………………. 315 Missionary Aspe"ts of the Year 1914 (a) R.

E. Speer……………. ………….. 7 – Convention of Ministers…………….. 6 – Viewpoint, From a ………………… 140 Missions, Growth of American Foreiin …… 165 PAG~ PAGE Missions Have Done, Some Things ……… 340 Palestine Suffers, Work in……………. 149 t………………. – Why be Interested in (b) G. Innes …… 361 Mohammed, Christ and ………..•…. 270, 624 '- has done to Arabia, What (b) J. Van Ess 286 Pamphlets ………….••••••• 80, 320, 400, 640 Panama, Bible Station .. 226 – Conference ……….•.•.•..••.•••.•.•• 161 Mohammedans, Interest in……………… 13 – Pacific Exposition, Missions at the ••….• 386 Mohonk Platform, Lake …..•…………• 941 —-Religious and Social Work at the Money and Missions-Business Man's Invest- (a) E. M. Page..•……•.•……….. 827 ments (a) A. A. Hyde …………….. III ~~~~~, ~:ly:}nr~rrain~ .~o:•.~~~. ~~: :: : :: ::: ~U Montr,ea1 Jewish Mission in .•.•……•… 715 Moody Lhurch, Chicago, Many votm!ee:" for Africa in …………….•………… 395 Pastor's Missionary Conference at Rochester (a) D. L. Pierson………………… 111 Moravian 1fissions, Difficulties fJf .•••• & ••••• 311 -Task .•……….. '" •…••.•. '" '" ••• 295 – – in Africa …………….•…..•….. 309 Paton Family. News of the ……………. 956 – – Wa~ and ………………………• Hil Peabody, Appreciation of Mrs. Henry W .• 597 Moravians, John Hus and the (a) Co H. Peace. Christian Endeavorers Unite for…… 85 Rominger •……. . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 509 – Christ's Conditions of (a) J. H. Jowett .. 849 Mormon Finances ..•………..•••……. 716 – International Messengers of. .•.•••••.•. 482 Mormons and Polygamy………………. 792 – Women and the World's •.•..•….•..•.• 244 Mormonism Further Exposed ……..•….. 943 Peet, William W., Treasurer of American Morocco, Romance and Reality in <a) E. D. Missions in Turkey……………….. 183 Pierson ………………………… 446 Peking, Contrasts in ………………….. 705 Morton Lane Girls' School…………….. 43 – Great Church in ……………..•…••. 550 Moslem Children, Need of. ….•………… 870 – Live Y. M. C. A. in………………… 73 – Children, Philippine …….•………… 718 – Public Institutions in………………. 72 – Convert's Journey in Search for Knowledge (a) S. Van R. Trowbridge…….. 739 PERSIA and the War ..••.•.•…..•.••…• 306 – Enemies and Friends ………..••……. SS2 – Lands, Significant Events of 1914……. 2 – 'i;;':::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: m – Law of Revenger……………..•….. 947 m ~:l!~s ~cec~~atCiI~~~:::::::::: ::::::::::: – American work for…………………. 164 = – Christians' Literature ……….••..••..•. 554 – and the War, Christians in (a) S. G. Wil· c~'i~s – Distrest Christians in ……………… 383 – "Jihad" Rampant in (b) R. M. Labaree .• 521 ~[te,;:ti~n Ni'::'~.• ~~: : ::: ::: :: : :: : :: : :: : : : :. 7~~ – Hymn Book for ……..•.••…••••.•…. 461 – Situation Still Critical in ..•..•.•..•••..• 948 – ~n A~rica, Sucressful work for………. 309 – – – West ……•.•..••.•.•..•••••.••• 781 =-In NI~ena, Vork among… , …•••••… 237 – Urgent Need in ..•.••••..•••..•••.•..•• 464 ~l:~~~lr;~~ tM'i~~i~;,·ary· 'id' (~j' 'S: 'N: 520 – Urumia Christian rescued ……•••…•.. 548 – War News in ••..•.••.•.•.•.••…•••.•. 391 Zwemer ..•……..•..•……•…….. 417 – Word from ……………………….. 563 – Renewed Interest in Missions to……… 804 Persian Gul~ War and Missions in the (a) Motives, Christ's Missionary (a) H. W. FroSit 37 E. E. Lalverley ……………..•… 357 – Perils of False Missionary………….. 140 Peru, Conditions in ..•..•.•.••.••…..•..•• 388 Mott's New Work, John R .•.••……….. 865 Peyote Worship, American Indian (a) Mrs. Mukti, With Pandita Ramabai at (b) Mrs. E. D. L. Pierson……….. • . . . • • . . . • . .• 201 P. Horne ……..•…………•…•… 369 Philippine Moslem Children ….•…..••…• 718 Mullahs, Missionaries and ….•………… 229 Philippines, Church of Rome in the …….•. 876 – A Fountain of Living Waters in the ….•• 956 NANKING, Interdenominational University – Episcopal Progress in I~nhe……………•………., …•…. 876 – Flag and the Cross 156 of <a) A. J. Bowen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Nati.onal Missionary Campaign…………. . 866 – Industrial Mission in the …………… 237 Native Christians, Sacrifice by .•………… 276 – "Twelve Apostles" in the ••…..•….•.. 717 Nauru, Transformation of ………••.•..•• 718 – Unity in the ……••.••.•.•………… 237 ~eg~; t~b~at~~n,th~~t.a.c~..~~: ::: :: :::::: : :: 793 Physician, Missionary…………………. 61 772 Picture-Cards and Cigarets…………….. 705 -Year Book ..•…..•…..•………….. 543 – in India, Plague in .•.•…….•.•….•..• 149 Negroes, Southern Interest in ………•…. 154 Pierson Memorial, Arthur T……… . . . . . .. 460 Neutrality, Missions and …..•………… 379 – Arthur T., Memorial Bible-School in Seoul, New England Methodist men………….. . 6 Laying the Corner-stone of the (b) R. E. New Hebrides, Converted Warrior in the .. 541 Speer ………………………….. 916 – Pioneer to the ……………………. . 395 Plague a Missionary Opportunity in India.. '07 – Work among Cannibals in the …••…..• 315 Plans for the Year, Some Practical……… 49 Newspaper Competition, Chinese ……….. . 468 Poland's Sufferings..•….•………•.•…. 622 – Evangelism in China <b) D. MacGillivray 594 Porto Rico, Improvement in……………. 64 New York, Evangelistic Work in ………. . 715 – Industri~l Trainin~ in……………… 793 N ews, Bri~ht Bits of Missionary ….•…… 957 -To-day In (a) J. E. McAfee ….•……•. 577 Nig~!"ia, N Ine Years' Progr<:;ss in ………..• 76 Portugal, Religious Opportunity in………. 405 – Work am(>ng Moslems In.•.•••.•.••.••• 237 Power and Machinery………………… 141 .. ::: :: North America, Significant Events of 1914 .. . I Praise and Thank-Offering Meetings ……•. 773 – Pole, Diocese of the ……………… . 155 ::A~~i::r~a;r~~f:~~tc~ o.~. ~~~~~~~::: ~~~ Norway, Religious Awakening in .••••…..• 406 – Call to .•……………•….•………• 321 OBERLIN Shansi Mission …………….. 468 -Calls to ………………..•………. 801 – for Missions in Time of War ….•……• 532 Object Talks and Exercises for Missionary Rallies .••……………•……….•. 213 – in Time of War (b) A. Murray ………. 531 Officers, Educating Church…………….. 52 -.~ndividuat ,':" ,., ……••. " …..•……. 619 Ogden, Memorial to Robert C ……..•..•• 942 – Knee Medlcme ……•.•…•.••..•.•… 700 O'Hara, Mr. M., Christian Manufacturer and – Need for Intercessory……………… 139 PhIlanthropist .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 469 – Revival of Family…………………. 867 Ohio Convention of Methodist Men ……… 326 – Service, Missiona:y. Mrs. E. C. Grice … 538 – Some Aids to (b)…………………. 24 OOlnceottb Mason , …. ……••…………•..• S07 – War and the Way out (a) G. A. Beaver 17 ay's Income Plan ………………. 631 Opium in China, End of……………… 628 Preaching. Science and Art of Missionary – Used in Shanghai, More ……..•…•… 146 (a) C. H. Patton ….•..•…•••…….• 349 Orientals .t Services in California………. 64 Presby1erian Growth, Ten years'……….. 542 Osaka, Japan, Evangelistic Campaign in .•… 641 – Self-Denial …•…••..•.•………….• 313 – Strange Sights in………………….. 787 Present Can of the Cross (a) W. P. Merrill 281 Primary Mission Band ………………… 694 PALESTINE, Distress in …………….. 710 -of War, Among…………..•………. 940 – Message from ……………•..•….••. 881 Prisoners of War, Missionary ………….. 621 =~~~f;~n ii~:·. :………………:……….:…. :…. :…. : 1~~ Profits of God……………………….. 61 Program for 1915……………………. 59 PAGE PAGE ~~~gibiti~Li~ t~ean~d~.i~i~~. ~~~~ . ~~:~: :: : :: ~~~ Siam, PI-ogress in North . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550 – Robert E. Speer in …………………. 784 Prostitution in Rangoon, Burma, Campaign – ~ave!i from .Fire. i1!;.: …………….. 185 Against (b) ………•………..••.•.• 46 – Scnpture Listenmg m ……………. 147 – Signs of Progress in……………….. 564 Protestant Episcopal Church, Gifts for the .. 385 – Three Generations of Christians in…… 626 – – Progress …………•…•…….•..• 313 – Visit to a Jungle Station in Cb) R. E. – F'oreign Missionarl Societies of Europe, Speer ………….•.•..••••…..•..•. 835 Significant Events of 1914 __ •••….. 1 1914, Statistics 0 the……………… 60 Putmayo Mission Abandoned …………… 545 RACE Relationship, Problems of……….. 9 Sinai Peninsula, Missions on. _………….. 624 Rajah's Thank-offering in India… , .•..••.• 625 Rallies, Object Talks and Exercises for Mis- Slave-Girls, PrD'tection for Chinese.. a 444'. 551 Social Force, Home Missions as a (a) C. L. siopary ………•……••••…•.•.••.. 213 Thompson ………………………. 121 Ramabai at Mukti, With Pandita Cb) Mrs. D. . – Side of the Missionary Meeting .••..•..•. 371 Soldiers, Bibles for the ……………….. 152 P. Horne ………………………. 369 – Distribution of Gospels to…………… 545 Recruits for the Front. ……………… 807 =~fi1~nf'¥esI.~~";.~ni~~::: :::::::::::: ::: 3~~ Red Men and the Gospel Ca) T. C. Moffett.. 745 Reform in China, Recent Efforts to Help – Reading thE Bible .. _. . . . . . . .. . .. . .. . … 227 Legislation and 271 Soldiers' Favorite Hymns … _.. _. __ …….. 621 Ca) 'po MacGillivray _. Reinforcements for the Front ………….. 631 Reflex Influence of Missions •.••….••••..• 935 Solomon Islands, ChanJ2:es in the . . . . . 4 • • • • •• 644 Song of the Church Drone……………. 617 Reformation and Revolution.•••…•……. 939 South African Native College …………… 394 – Sunday·School Union ..•….•…•……• 395 Reli~g~~r C~i.n.i~.•i~•• ~~~:~~~~i~~.• ~~)•. ~'•. ~: 759 Religions in Japan, Disintegration of the Old SOUTH AMERICA, Earl Taylor on……… 65 Cb) ……………………………. 128 – Facts about . . . . . . . .1……………….. 6471 -New Note in ……………………… 886 Relife~us. ~~I~~~~i~~. ~~.~::i.c.o• .'~~. !: ."'!.'. ~.~t: 191 Review and the Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 -Our Sisters in Cb) G. J. Schilling ……. 756 Revival in a Chinese School …••.•••.••..• 143 -in Fukien………………………… 325 – Religious Advance in……………….. 802 Riots in China, Superstition and………. 146 – Social Service in ……………… o …. 794 Rochester Missionary Convention of Minis- – Sunday-school Workers Visit ..•..•..•… 155 – Unevangelized Ca) G. J. Schilling.•••••.• 809 ters …………………………… . – Women's Rights and Women's Wrongs in – Pastor's Missionary Conference at Ca) D. Ca) Mrs. K. A. Hodge ……………. 599 L. Pierson ……………………… 111 South American Students••••••••••••••.••• 634 South Sea Dancing…………………… 635 Rockefeller Board, Further Plan of the ..•• 950 – Seas, Poisoned Bibles for the .•••••…• 395 Rockefeller's Plan for China..•..••..•..•• 466 – Talking Shoes in the ………………. 541 Roman Catholics and Missions, American… 62 –Dealing with …………………… 610 SPAIN, Freedom Gaining in ..•.••.••••.••• 562 – Opposition in …………………….. 946 Roman Catholic, Number of Jesuits in the – Spiritual Quickening in ..•.. ,……….. 67 World …..•..••••.••.•••.•…•••••..• 957 Spanish Mayor Studying the Bible ……… 623 Rome in the Philippines, Church of.••..•..• 876 – Students, Case of………………….. 229 Roof of the World, Trtp to the Ca) R. H. Glover …………………………. 663 R m Speeche Material for Missionary .••••••••• 931 Rumania, Missions to Jews in …………. 713 Rum for Africa, More……………….. 954 Spet~r,Vis~~e~hhta~~.•~i.a~:::: ::: :::::::::: RUSSIA, Another Million Bibles for ..•••• 623 Speer's Comments on Japan, Dr _…. _.. _. _ £29 – Bible in ………………………….. 546 – Chapel Cars in Cb) L. Lodian ……….. 755 Statistical Results of Protestant Missions in – Gospel in … . . .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. …. 390 Cuba (1889-1914) ………………… 181 – Religious Liberty in (b) A. McCaig …•.. 769 Rusian Protestants in War Time ……….. 869 STATISTICS, British Missionary …….. 221, 222 – Soldiers, Gospels for ……………….. 311 – for American Home Missions……….. 166 Russians in America Evangelistic Work – o f Aliens in America ……………. 514, 517 – of American Foreign Missions……….. 165 among …………………………. 792 – of Last year……………………… 225 -in the United States Ca) W. FeUer ..•.•• 923 – of Missions in China ……………….. 143 Russia's Substitute for Vodka .•••••••.••..• 947 – of Nelrlected and Unevangelized Indians in SACRIFICE by Native Christians .••.••..• 276 thE United States ••……..••..•.•.•.• 744 Saloon, Products of the………………. 226 – of PrO'testant Missions in China …….• 496 Salvation Army, Imperial Gift to the .• 393, 552 – of the Protestant Foreign Missionary – – in India ………………………. 783 Salvationists in Khaki. ……………….. 471 Societies of Europe, 1914………….. 60 San Francisco Exposition Ca) E. M. Page .• 827 —-' Protestant Missions in Eur9pean and Asi- – Moral Conditions at the Exposition in ..•• 532 – ReJig;ous Forces at……………….. 632 atic Turkey before the War……….. 836 Savior, Sufficient ……………………. 223 – Some Striking Figures ………•…….• 686 "Sca1tter-the-Truth Band" in China …….. 404 – to Date, Chinese Christian………….. 705 Schenectady Problem, How the Bands Solved Stewardship, Spidtual Methods of Develop· a ……………………………… 136 ing Ailequate Ca) A. E. Cory ..•.•.•.• 655 Science and Art of Missionary Preaching (a) Strong DrinK, War and ……………… 67 Student Day of Prayer ……………….. 140 C. H. Patton …………………… 349 – Volunteer Gatherings •••….••..•…•.• 153 SeIf.Denial, Presbyterian •••………….. 313 Students of Latin America Ca) C. D. Hurrey 817 – South America ……………………. 634 Self-Sacrifice, Rejoicing in…………….. 627 Sermons and Addresses, Suggestions for Mis- !: Studby~~ ~~r.t~~:~~,•.~.i~~i~~. ~~~. ~i.s~. ~.• 685 ";onary ………………………… 291 – Class for Church Officers…………… 942 Service, Acceptable ………………….. 224 Sudanese, Appeal from a Christian … _. •. .• 75 Sunday-School Convention Postponed, Tokyo 873 – Highest Form of Ca) W. E. Doughty .•.•. 436 – – Growth in Korea ………………. 705 Shanghai, More Opium used in .•..••••••• 146 – – Is Needed in China, Why the •….• 145 – Y. M. C. A. in the Customs College ••••. 785 – – Opportunity in Korea ••….•.••….• 874 Shensi, Going into …………………… 303 — Standards …………………….. 877 – – Union, South African •…..•…..• 395 SIAM, Bible Circulation in .•••..••.••.••..• 232 – – Work in Japan ………………… l46 – – Workers, Missionary Methods for….. 691 =- Donation from Lepers in ..•.•••••••••••• 232 – – Workers Visit South America ……. ISS r::e,*ra~t;;y~~. ~~::::::::::::::: ::: :::::: 4~~ Sunday-Schools for Non-Christians… . .•.• 393 -in Heathen Temples……………….. 72 – Possible Mass Movement in.. • • • • • . . • •• 642 Superstition and Riots in China……….. 146 – Practical Study of Religious Life and Faith Swedish Mission in Chinese Turkestan….. 548 in Ca) R. E. Speer……………….. 901 PAGE PAG!!: Syen Chun, Missionary School at …..•…. 953 Yal" and Missions in the Persian Gulf (a) E. Syria, Demand for Bibles in …..•……….390 E. Calverley …………………….. 357 – M.ssion Buildings Seized by Turks …… 624 – Situation in ………………………. 383 =- and Missions in Turkey (a) J. L. Barton .• 185 – What the War has meant to ••………. 463 :~~ t~~rE'tfecf~~n~i;s;~;';::::::::::::::: 23~ TAYLOR Earl, on South America…….. 65 – and the Financial Situations in America. 473 – and the Jews …………………. 547, 721 =Tarayantz, Baron ………..•…..•..•…• 229 – and the Way Out (a) G. A. Beaver…… 17 – Bible Society and the ………………. 945 Te~erance, Flying Squadron for………. 386 – Blessings of. …………………… '" 224 – British Cbristianity and the <a) Basil Proovdeu~;t~f 'rh/Tai~~;,·.·.·.::: ::'.::::: ::: ~j~ Mathews . . . • . . • . • • • . . . . . . . . . •. . . • • • .• 106 – Work by Y. M. C. A ……………… 545 – Cbristians in Persia and tbe (a) S. G. Test of Discipleship (b) H. L. Burleson ….. 207 Testimony from the Ex-Governor of Bom- Wllson …………………………. 267 – Church and the …………………… 354 bay on Missions ……..•………….. 238 – Oontinental Missions and the ……..•.. 945 – Fishermen Prisoners of……………… 945 – Missionary's ……………………… 781 – French Protestants and tbe………… 152 Thank·Offering Meetings, Praise and ..•…. 773 – Has Mea.nt to Syria, What the ••••..••.• 463 – M~~sa~: p;~ter~~~~i~~~.. ~~~~~~e.s: ..~~s: 774 -~indered by the Europ~an …. '" …. 0.. 75 Thanksgiving Ann (Drama). Kate W. Hamil· – m Europe (a) J. R. Mott.•••….•..••• 567 – Losses in the ……………………… 714 j ton …………………………….. 777. – MeAll Mission and tbe <a) G. T. Berry 605 – on North African Missions, Influence of Tibet, On the Barder of ………………. 46 the ……………………………. 402 Tibetan Border and Back, Missionary Jour- – Prayer in Time nf (b) A. Murray …… 531 Prison Y. M. C. A …………………… 867 ney to the (a) R. H. Glover ………… 6 – Reforms in France …••• ; . .. • . .. .. . . • .. 624 Tithing, Thaughts on………………… 316 Tobacco Bill, Britain's……•••••••…•…. 621 = m – Scene. in Central Africa……………. 76 Tokio, Chinese Praxer Meeting in …….••• 788 – Sunday.School Convention Postponed ..•• 873 – Some Effects of the ……………….. 243 Tnll nf War Among Missionaries .••..•…••• 555 Toronto, Misionary Giving in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 W!I~t~;~a~;su~~sd O~h!~~: :::::: :::::: :::: Transformation of China (a) R. C. Forsyth 87 Trenches, In the …………………….. 795 – What Non·Christians Say of the.••..••• 139 Turkestan, Swedish Mission in Chinese …… 548 – Work fnr Prisoners of. …………….. 472 – Y. M. C. A. and the …..•.••……….. 713 TURKEY and Islam (b) H. U. Weibrecht .• 766 Wealth of the United. States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 630 – Before tbe War, Statistics of Protestant 'Yest African Missionaries in Exile …….. 383 Missions in••…..••….•••..•…•..•• 836 "What's Come over Murray?" ………….. 613. – Clnsing in on…………………….. 245 Wherry, Rev. John …………………. 467 – Disorders in ………………………. 710 White, Campbell, Goes to Wooster ……… 715 -Later News from …………………. 947 White Wolf, End of. …… ……….. ….. 72 – Misery in Central………………….. 548 Who will gn?……………………….. 61 – Mission Schools in ………………… 324 With our Sisters in Arahia (a) Mrs. E. E. – Missionaries Safe in………………. 67 – M!ss!onary Perils in ……………….. 323 Calverley …. .. . • • . . . .. . . . . .. • • .. • • .. 727, – M.sSlons Itt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 Woman Tourist Impressions of a (b) Mrs. H. – Mobilization in……………………. 230 – School for the Deaf in …………….. 307 W. Peabody ….. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .. 34 – War and AM.i sMs i oc>nvsemi nent( ai)nJ… . .L.. . .B. a. .r t.o. n. …. 185 Woman's Congress of Missions………… 386 – Y. M. C. 3 – Missionary Day……………………. 153 Turkish Attacks on Christians …………. 710 – Progress in Japan (a) W. E. Griffis …• 479 – Battlefields, In …..•..••.•.•••…•..•.• 562 – Work for Missions ……………….. 943 – Students In Cario …………………. 325 -Work in the Local Church, Unifying.. 131, 138 – Tales of German Victories…………… 709 – Year Book..••……•…•..••…•.••.•• 135 Turks, Mission Buildings in Syria seized by 624 Women and the World's Peace..•••……• 244 -Mission Hospital Used by………….. 306 – Can Help, How ……………………. 615 – Persecutin,8' Native Christians… . • . . • • •• 709 – in Japan, Six Million Unevangelized …. 470 Tuskegee Prize Winner……………….. 226 – of ASla, New……………………… 884 Typewriter Invented, Chinese ………….. 467 – of Egy~t, For the ………………… 789 Women's Congress of Missions (b) Mrs G. UGANDA in war times …………….. .. 151 -New Sect in …………………….. . 309 Coleman … . .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. …. . .. … 586 – Perplexing Questions in ..•..••…•…..• 462 – Rights and Women's Wrongs in South Uncle Sam's Little Children …………. .. 220 Union College, Lawn Map at .•…•..•…••• 215 America (a) Mrs. K. A. Hodge……. 599 -Medical College in PekinI!', China ….. . 706 – Work for Missions. H. B. Montgomery 598 – on the Fields, Forces makmg for. C. E. Work for Missions, How Everyone can … 613 World·Betterment, Large Giving for ……. 225 J elferson " .. '.' … : ………………. . 428 – Conflict", Two ……………………. 481 – Seminary, MtSSlOnarles at ………….. . 154 – Sunday.School Association work for Chilo – Undertakings in China ……•….•.•…. 627 United States, Wealth of the …••..•…… 630 dren …………………………… 806 -Interchurch Activities in ………•…… 565 – 'WaT, Effects nf the……………….. 14 Uniting to Help the Immigrants (a) H. C. YALE in China ……………………. .. 392 Herring ……………………….. . 515 Yoruban Chief Baptized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 Universities Mission and the War . . . . . . . . . . 955 Yoshihito's Gift, Emperor of Japan …… .. 146 University Evangelism ……………….. . 246 Y. M. C. A. and the Indian…………. .. 543 Unreached Millions ………………… .. 237 -and the War …………………….. . 713 Urumia Christians rescued ……………. . 548 ~ Building in Egypt………………… . 874 – Missionaries Isolated ……………… . 306 =- Chinese ………………… 0 ••••••••••• 144 VICE in Chicago, Uprooting.•••••.•…… 645 ~~ ~h:in<!u;t~'~~' cC:li~g~J" .Sh~~gh~i: :::~ :: 73 785 WALDENSIANS and the War .•…..•… 153 – Movement in Turkey ……………….. . 3 Walker, Dr. J. E …………………… . 233 –.4 Temperance Work by ……… , ………. . 545 War a Great Opportunity …………….. . 314 – War Prison …………………….. . 867 – a Test of Christians In China ………. . 301 Y. W. C. A. at the Exposition ……….. .. 791 – and British Endeavorers …………… . 310 – Conference in India ………………. . 708 – and French Missions (a) M. A. Casalis.. . 261 Yucatan, Reformers in .. , ……………….. . 84 – and German Missions (a) M. Schlunk..• 103 -Reforms ………………….. '0' •••••• 944 — and Missions …………………….. . 381 Yun Chi-ho, Preacher, Teacher, Statesman, Sketch of ……………………… . 507 Zanzibar Bny Scout…………………. . 395 Zulu Industrial School. ……………….. . 95S

The Missionary Review of the World — 1914 Index

8lissionary CJ?.eview

of the World VOL. XXXVII. OLD SERIES VOL. XXVII. NEW SERIES Founded in 1878 by Editor·ill.Chief, 1888 to 1911 REV. ROYAL C. WILDER, D.D. REV. ARTHUR T. PIERSON, D.D.

JANUARY TO DECEMBER, 1914 EDITOR DELAVAN L. PIERSON ASSOCIATE EDITORS BELLE M. BRAIN REV. D. L. LEONARD, D.D.

CONTRIBUTING EDITORS REV. S. B. ROHOLD MRs. F. M. GILBERT EDITORIAL COUNCIL J. REv. ARTHUR BROWN, D.D. REv. CHARLES R. WATSON, D.D. REv. JOHN G. FAGG, D.D. PROF. HARLAN P. BEACH MRS. HELEN BARRETT MONTGOMERY REv. J. STUART HOLDEN MRS. FRANK MASON NORTH HARRY WADE HICKS MRS. WALLACE RADCLIFFE REv. LEMUEL C. BARNES, D.O. REV. FRED P. HAGGARD, D.D. W. E. DOUGHTY REV. F. C. STEPHENSON, M.D. JOHN W. WOaD FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY NEW YORK LONDON

BY FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY Printed in til" United Stales

OF ONE VOLUME OF THE MISSIONARY REVIEW OF THE

Each year the MISSIONARY REVIEW contains the equivalent of 21 volumes. a complete library of Missions, on the history. methods, principles, and progress of MisSlons. and the lives of Missionaries and Native Converts. Each small volume would contain about 30,000 words (150 pages).

INDEX FOR 1914 MAPS AND CHARTS PAGE PAGE Africa ……………………………… 422 India, Mission Circuit in South ………….. 509 Alaska ……………………..•…….. 88 Lest we Forget. . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . .. .. .. . . … 247 American Bap,tist Foreign Mission Fields…. 561 Madagascar …………………………. 431 Arabia, Strategic Position of Busrah .•.••..• 748 Balkan Peninsula Before and After the Wat.. 29 Mexico ……………………………… 660 Child Saved is a Soul Saved Flus a Life •.•• 857 Turkey and the World War ……………. 923 Efficiency ………………………..••.. 859 Wesleyan Members and Probationers……. 513 God so Loved the World ………………. 166 Who are the Immigrants………………. 222 Grasp of Heathenism, In the ………… , … 856 With and Without Christ. …•……..•.••• 856 World at War ………………………. 842 PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE PAGE Africa, South, Islam in…………. · … • .. • 737 Ashmore Theological Seminary, Swatow, China 576 __ Moslem Mosques in Cape Colony …… 733 _ West Moslem School in Freetown •…… 411 -AssWamil,liamBap~i:t" ch~~~i' ';~d' 'B~il' 'T~~~;' ~.~ 570 African ~ Missionary Day for Children at the Nowgong ….•….••…•…..•..•…•. 581 Seashore ………………………… 371 _ Pioneer Work in Uganda, The First School – Naga, Mother and Child in ………••.. 263 in Kavirondo ………•…..•..•.•..•• 601 Rabahatchie Hotel T'ransformed into a Rail. Alaska, Dr. S. Hall Young and Government .~ road uYse.dM.feo.rA.Mo.v.i.n.~ .P.i~;~r'e~' 'a'~d' O'~t~ 807 Mail team crossing the Crow Creek Pass 517 Lawn ~ View of Juneau, Southeastern ………… 519 – View of Ruby …………..•…. · …. ·.· 521 door Entertainments .••••…………. 811 Albania, Harem of a Mohammedan Bey in Balasore, Bengal·Orissa Mission, Sinclair Or- Bavat ………………………….. 191 _ Results of Shot and Shell at Scutari …..• 189 phanage Bungalow, for Girls, at …….. 583 Albanian Government, S.ome Members of the – Orphanage, Bengal-Orissa Mission, Four Provisional …. , ..•…..• " ……….. 192 Boys Recently Baptized at…………. 573 – Highlanders at Home ……………….. 187 American Board Centenary Commission. Dr. Bedouin Boys at Home in Arabia……….. 753 Capen and the ……………………. 247 Beilia:, Mendel ………………………. 285 _ College for Girls, Constantinople, Some of Bennett, Dr. Arthur K………………… 749 the Na,tionalities of 'the……………. 729 – Frontier, Typical Scenes on the Western 801 – – starting on a Medical Tour in Arabia .. 747 Arabia, Building the Michigan House in…. 750 – Dr. Bennett Starting on a Medical Tour in 747 – i n Iava ' " ……………………… h 9SS – How they Raised the Money for ..••••••• 749 Arabian Missionaries Go, Where the…….. 753 – Society Centennial, American………… 945 Argentine, Cooking Clas. in the Y.W.C.A., Blacklead Island, Eskimo Women of …….. 489 Buenos Ayres ……………………. 337 – Members of the Young People's Society at – – Landing Place at …………………. 495 Tres Arroyos ………..••………••• 833 – – Mission Church at. ………………. 491 Burma, Cushing Memorial Buildings, Rangoon Baptist College …………………… 567 – Group of Heathen Kachins •••..•.••…… 568 – Vinton Memorial HaI!, Rangoon …….•.. 577 Butler, Mrs. William………………….. 1 -William ………………………….. IS Cairo, Egypt, New Headquarters of the Nile Mission Press in………………….. 365 PAGE PAGE California, First Protestant House of Worship Greenshield, E. W. T. . ………………. 493 in ………•…..•………….••••.• 814 Grenfell, Dr. W. T……………………. 58 Herrick, George F., of Turkey •••••••••.•.•• 881 _ Lower, Roman Catholic Church at La Paz 170 How Missionaries Utilize Surplus Material Cape Colony, Mosque in ………. · …. 736, 737 Capen, Samuel Billings …·…….. · .. ······• 241 from Home •…..•……….•….••.• 615 __ and the American Board Centenary Com· Hudson Bay, Missionary Journey with Dogs mission ………………………… . 247 and Sleds in …………………….. 487 _ _ at Sixteen, his Brother and Parents …. 247 India, Annual Meeting of the Methodist Mis- Capen's summer home at Falmouth, Mass., sion in 1863 in………………….. 17 – Baptist Chapel at Ongole, South ………. 572 Dr. Samuel B…………… ···· .. · .. · 251 – Bareilly Theological Seminary………… 19 Ceylon, Physical Culture Class of the – Butler Memorial Building in Baroda…… 23 – Dr. and Mrs. ·Butler's Home in Bareilly.. 18 y.W.e.A. in Colombo ………….. ·· .. 334 – Mrs. Butler With Native India Preachers China, Ashmore Theological Seminary, Swat~w 576 _ Evidence of the Beneficial Effects of ChrIS' in 1906 •.•…•..••••••.•••…•.•••••.. 21 – Morse Hall of the Y.W.C.A., Lahore …• 327 tian Education in ………….. ·· .. ···· 825 – Rushden Ropeholders of England and their _ Fight Against Opium in ………. ····•·· 683 _ Main Hall of the Christian Institute, Lawn Map of……………………. 371 – Two Little Girls in ………………… 263 Tsinanfu, Shantung ………………. 117 – Two Views of Life in ……………… 261 Chinese Children who Like the Missionaries.. 38 – Where Little Girls are made a Sacrifice to _ Laymen's Missionary Conference at Kiangsu 827 _ Poster, Burning up Good Money in Bad Men in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 – Wbere Little Girls are sayed for time and Tobacco ………….. .. . . .. . . . . .. . … 679 _ Student Volunteers for the Christian Min· eternity in ………………..•••…• 265 Isaacs, Baron Rufus Daniel ………••..•.• 285 istry ..•..•..•…….•..••..•.••.•..••. 829 Japan, Bible Class at a Y.W.GA. Conference 339 _ Y.W.C.A. Worker ……………. ·· .. ·• 329 – Captain Bickel and Workers on the Fukuin Christian and Missionary Alliance in Jeru- Maru, Inland Sea …………………. 580 salem, American Church of the……… 890 – Charter Members of the Student Y.M.e.A., Christmas Tree Pageant at Northfield…….. lI57 Clough, John E ………………. · ….. •• .. 570 Omi …… __ …••….•……..••..•.• 607 Coke Thomas…•….. , ….•..••………. 507 – Church Built by Members, Omi ………• 609 Cons~antinople, Members of the College Choir, – Panorama of Hachman, Omi………… 606 – Presbyterian Chu rch at Kohe, Decorated American College for Girls ………. ··· 721 _ Plan of the American College for Girls …• 727 for Christmas …………………… 653 Cuba, Evening Song Service in the Palms, – Rural Town in …………………….. 651 – Sample of One of the Many Christian Paso Estancia Mission …………….. 199 _ Holy Trinity Cathedral, Havana (Interior) 194 Japanese Churches in ……………… 660 __ Protestant Episcopal Cathedral, Havana – Some of the Waseda Dormitory Boys, (Exterior) ………………………. 195 Tokyo ……………•………••…. 578 _ Protestant Congregation in an Orange – Where Anti·Christian Edicts were posted in 647 Jam Industrial School, Carpenter Shop of …. 527 Grove, Isle of Pines ………………. 193 Jerusalem, American Church of the Christian _ Rev. Emilo Pianos and his School at and Mi'sionary Alliance in …•….•… 890 Matanz,as • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . .. 197 – Street of the Tower of David in ………. 895 Dennis, James Shepard ………………. 401 Judson, Adoniram ………..•…….•….. 370 Dubai, Bazaar Scene at ……………… · 753 – Ann Hasseltine …………………… 370 Eskimo Missionaries of Blacklead Island, Juneau, View of, Southeastern Alaska …… 519 Kachins. Group of Christian, Baptist Mission Outgoing ., . . . . . . . . • . . . .. . .. . .. . .. . … 494 Fiji Islands, Mrs. Calvert and Mrs. Lyth stop· School, Burma ……•…•..•.•.•….•• 569 Kansas City, Audience of OYer Six Thousand ping a Cannibal Feast in the….. . . . . . .. 511 Filipinos, Methods of Character Development in Convention Hall ……………….. 100 Kongo, Dr. Catherine Mabie holding a Babies' for the ………………………… 481 France, McAll Mission Boat, on the Midland Clinic, Banza Manteke, Belgian ……… S71 – Mr. Billington and his Monocycle, in the Canal …………………………… 593 – Northern, Semeuse, or Portable Chapel, of Belgian ………..•..•……•….1•••• 584 Li Bi Cu, Dr.-Chinese W.Y.C.A. Worker.. 329 the McAll Mission ………….••…• 595 Li Hung Chang ……………………… 667 Freetown, Mohammedan Religious Order of Mabie, Dr. Catherine, Holding a Babies'

West African Negroes in………….. 407 Clinic, Banza Manteke, Belgian Kongo .. 571 – West Africa, Stone Mosque in ………… 414 Madagascar, Boys' School in Tananarive- Friends' Boys' School at Ram Allah, Pales· Friends' Foreign Mission Association … 427 tine ……………………………. 901 – Crowd after Church at Miantsoarivo….. 430 – Foreign Mission Deputation, Group of – Girls' High School, Faravohitra •……… 430 – Non·Christian Native of…………….. 428 Christian Malagasy and the ………•.. 429 – Tananariv<>, the Capital of…………… 425 Girl Pupils in India. Christian………….. 268 – Typical Audience of Malagasy Christians, Girls in India coming from Church …..• ,. 267 Gould Hall, American College for Girls. Can· Isoavinandriana ………………….. 423 stantinople ………………………. 731 Greene, Daniel Crosby………………… 649 Greene, Joseph H., of Turkey ……….•..• 881

INDEX

PAGE PAGE MeA]] Auto·Evangelist at work ••.•.•…. , ..• 596 Philippine.. Visayan Field Meet in the .•••• 481 Mexican Indians Drest for a Religious Feast 641 Preparing Scrap·Books to Send to Mission- – Indian Hut, Typical ………………… 909 – Mission School Girl ………………… 170 arIes …………………………… 619 -Town on the West Coast, Altata ………. 173 Ramabai, Teaching the ·Girls at Mukti, Chris. – Types at the Mitia Ruins •…………..• 911 – West Coast, Roman Catholic Cathedral at tian school of Pandita…………….. 265 Rangoon, American Baptist Mission Press Mazatian, on the …………………. 169 Mexicans as Roman Soldiers in Their Passion at ……………………………… 583 – Meeting at the Judson Centennial, in Cush. Week Parade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 641 Mexico, Abrahamic Plow Still in Use in .•…• 663 ing Hall …….•..•…….•••••…… 347 – Forty Miles from a Railroad in ……….. 913 Raynolds, George C. of Van ••••….•..•.. " 881 – Largest Cotton Mill in ….•….•……•.• 661 Rushden Ropeholders of England and their – Roman Catholic Cemetery and Chapel, new Lawn Map of India ……… : ………. 371 Acapulco .••••••.• , •..••….•..••… " 171 Russell Sage Hall, American College for Girls, – Typical Mexican Family in Western …… 161 Constantinople … • .. . .. . .. . .. . . . . . …. 730 – Western. Altata Cathedral, Northern Sinaloa 172 Seashore, African Missionary Day for Children Michigan, University of, Hospital in Arabia 751 Miyamoto, B. C………………………. 610 at the …………………………… 371 Mohammedan Religious Order of West African Shanghai Baptist College, Yates Han of the 575 – Y.W.C.A., Board of Directors of the ..•..• 335 Negroes in Freetown ……………… 407 Shoshone Falls of Snake River, Oregon …•.. 801 Moore, Edward C……………………•• 922 Sierra Leone Protectorate, Hut-like Mosque in Morales, Dr. Arcadio of Mexico………..• 9II Moslem Mosques in Cape Colony……….. 733 the Interior of. ………………….. 415 – Problem, Signs of World·wide Interest in Silliman Institute, In the Carpenter Shop at 481 South America on the Sands..•…….••…. 372 the …………………………….. 321 – – Rev. F. G. Penzotti and American Bible – School, Typical Open.Air .•……•….•..• 721 – Woman in South Africa, European ….•..• 735 Society Colporteurs ………………. 839 Matt, John R. ………………………. 81 Tennessee, Y.M.e.A. Swimming-Pool in the Mount·Hood, Oregon ………………….. 801 New Hebrides Islands, Part of Vila Harbor. 357 Big Emory River .•..•..•…•.•….•.• 809 Nile Mission Press in Cairo, Egypt, New Thakomhau's War Clnbs, Two of ……….. 505 Tibet, Mudhouse in Eastern, Used as a Mis- Headquarters of the… "'"'''''''''' 365 Nome, Alaska, in the Year 1900………… 523 sionary's R"ome…………………… 3S Northfield, Christmas ·Tree Pageant at. •…. 857 Tibetan Boys, Missions School Class of.. . ••• 36 Oakdale Railroad Y.M.C.A., Lunch Counter – Prayer·Wheel, Large ……………….. 36 Tokyo Y.W.C.A., At the Andozaka Hostel of ……………………………… 812 – Tennessee, Customary Scene on the Porch of the …………………………… 331 Tracey, C. C., of Turkey ………………. SSI of the Association Building……….. 810 Opium in Peking, Burning $10,000 Worth of 681 Turkey and the War………………….. 923 Oregon, Shoshone Falls of Snake River .••.•• 801 – Five Veteran Missionaries to …………. 881 Palestine, American Friends' Boys' School at Uganda, Heathen Congregation listening to Ram Allah ………………………. 901 the Gospel in ……………………. 599 Peck, E. J ………………………….. 489 – Native Christian Council of a District in •. 603 Peking, Burning $10,000 Worth of Opiu!)1 …. 681 Varies, William, and Members of the Omi Penzotti, Rev. F. G., and American Bible Mission ••..•…••……….•….•…•• 611 Society Colporteurs in South America .• 839 Vinton Memorial Hall, Rangoon, Burma….. 577 Perry, Henry T., of Turkey .•••••..•……• 881 Yates Hall of the Shanghai Baptist College. 575 Y.M.C.A., Bahahatchie Hotel Transformed Phili~gk~~1 I~~~~~~,..~:':"..~.i~I:. !~:~. ~~~.u.s~~i.a.1 582 into a Railroad ……………………. S07 – – Union Hospital at Iloilo ………….. 579 Y. W.C.A., Board of Directors of the Shanghai 335 Philippines, In the Carpenter Shop at SilIi· – Buenos Ayres, Argentine, Cooking Class in man Institute …………………….. 481 the ……………….•..•……•….. 337 – Some of the Jaro Students Celebrating the – Conference, Japan, Bible Class at a …… 339 – in Colombo, Ceylon, Physical Class of the 334 Fourth of July …………………… 525 – Lahore, India, Morse Han of the……. 327 -Tokyo, At the Andozaka Hostel of the . . . . 331 Zapata, General .•……•..•..•…•.••….• 914 AUTHORS PAGE PAGE ABBOTT, JUSTIl"< E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '" 255 BRAIN, BELLE M ….. ' ….• 51, 127, 214, 290, 371, ANDERSON, HERBERT …………………… 30 454, 531, 613, 693, 774, 853, 931 ANDREWS, JESSIE …………………….. 693 BARBOUR, THOMAS S. …………………. 567 BRENT, CHARLES H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 BARTON, JAMES L ……………………… 247 BROWN, ARTHUR JUDSON .•………….• 111, 667 BENNETT, ARTHUR K. …………………. 755 BURTON, JAMES D…………………….. 807 BERLIN, E . . . • . . . . . : ………………•.•.• 379 BUTLER, JOHN W ……………………… 661 CAPEN. SAMUEL B………….. : ……….. 447

PAGE PAGE CHADWICK, W………………………… 208 M'CONAUGHYJ DAVID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 934 MILLIKEN, B. CARTER ………………….. 774 B……………………… CHEW, NG POON ………………………. 585 MILLER, EDVARD WAITE •••••••••••••••••••• 935 COCHRANE, H. 33 MONTGOMERY, GEORGE R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 903 MORRILL, M. T ……………………….. 822 CURTIS, PIERSON……………………… 606 MOTT, JOHN R. …………………….. 81, 167 MYONGO, FRANK L …………………….. 446 D'AuBIGNF;, HENRI Ml<RLE •••••••••••••••••• 593 NASSAU, ROBERT HAMILL ••••.••••.•••••••••• 442 NEWELL, H. B………………….•….•.. 6'3 DAVIDSON, W…………………………. 761 NORVILLE, JOSEPHINE …….. : …………. 746 DONOHUGH, THOS. S…………………… 135 OGDEN, JAMES Coo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 OVENS, W. G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371 DOUGHEItTY, RAYMOND P ••.••.•••••••••••••• 407 PADDOCK, A. ESTELLA ………………….. 327 PATRICK, MARY MILLS …………………. 727 DWIGHT, HENRY' OTIS ••••.•••••••••.••••• , • 50 PECK, E. J……………………………. 487 EDDY, GEORGE SHERwobD ..••••••..•••.•.••. 929 PENZOTTI, F. G ……………………….. 839 ELDER, RODERT F •••.•••••••••••••••••••.••• 833 :PEtta, W. W ………………………… 514 PIERSON, D. Loo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,…….. 99 EllICKSON, C. TELFORD •••••••••••••••••••••• 187 PtTCHER, P. W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 FORSYTH, R. C……………………….. 117 PLATt, WARD ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 589 FRANKLIN, JAMES H …………………. 7. 417 PLUNKETT, LORD •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 824 RHODES, F. HERBERT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 763 GRRDI"E, J. L………………………… 121 RINDGE, FRED H………………………. 215 GIUERT, MRS. F. M ….. 1. 81, 161, 241, 321, 401. ROHOLD, S. Boo ……………………. 283. 887 …………… .481. 561. 641. 721. 801. 880 ROSTAN, FRANCISCO •••••••••••••••••••••••• 592 SAILER, T. H. P •.•..•••••••••••••••.••••••• 776 GOODCHILD. FRANK M ………………….. 368 SARABIA, MANUEL ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 770 GtoYER, DIt. R. R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~Sl 51, I. H ………….•..•.•…….•……•.• 281 GRACEY, L,LLY RwtR…………………. 11 SMITH, ARTHUR H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 SMITH, EDWARD L,NCOLN ••••••••.•••.••••••• 920 GRIFFIS, WM. ELLIOT ………………….. 647 SOWTON, STANLEy •••••••••••..••••••••••••• 374 HALSEY, A. WOODRUFF…………………. 39 SPEER, ROBERT E. ……………………… 433 HAMILTON, MRS. FRANCES S…………….. 909 THOMSON, EDITH ..•••••••••••••••••••••••• 853 THWING, E. WoO……………………… 679 HARUS, AJ.oaCN ..H…………………………………………3.5..7., 685 Tsu, Y. Y……………………….•.•.•• 82S HARTE, 269 UPSON, ARTHUR T ….. 45, 113, 200, 277, 361, 437 VORIES, W,LL,AM M …. oo ………………. 496 HERUCK, GEORGE F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25. 500 WA[NWRIGHT, S. H ……………………. 655 WALKER, F. DEAVILLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50S HILL, ROBERT .T……………….. '" …… 460 WEATHERHEAD, H. T. C………………… 599 HODGKIN, HENRY T …………………… 423 W,LLIS, J. J…………… '" ………….. 210 HORTON. ROBERT F ……………………. 340 WILSON, SAMUEL G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739, 915 HowE, JAS. LEWIS ……………………. 110 WOODDY, C. A ……………………….. 813 YOUNG, S. HALL ••••..•••••.•••.•••••••••••• 517 HURREY, CH,l.RLES ·D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 ZWEMER, SAMUEL M ……….. 175, 364, 497. 733 JENKINSON, CHARLES ••••.••••••••••••••••• 168 JONES; R. C. • •…•..•••••••••••••••••••••• 353 KARPINSKI, LOUIS CoO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747 KATO, KATSVJI ……………………….. 274 KENNEDY, PHINEAS B………………….. 28 KELSEY, A. EDWARD •••••••••••••••••••••••• 895 KNIGHT, ALBION WoO …………………. 193 KRUIDENIER, J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445 KUMARAKULASINGHE. KITTlE WOOD ••••••••.• 597 LIlRRIGO, P. H. J……………………… 525 MABIE, HENRY CoO •…••.••.•••••.•.•..•••• 347 MACKENZIE, MINA ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 261· MASON, MRS. L. R…………………….. 186 MAXWELL, C. H.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. 125 SUBJECTS¥ PAGE PAGE ABYSSINIA, Menelik of .•.•.••.••.•..•••• 237 Africa. If Only There had Been two Men.. 790 – Swedish Mission in ………………… 874 – Indians in South…………………… 164 Adana since the Massacre •…•…•.••••… 465 _ Transferred, Leipzig Miasion in •••• c••••• ~ 954 AFGHANISTAN, Christian Preacher in •••• 782 -Mass Movement in West. …………•••• 805 —; Opening in ……………………….. 466 — :Missionary Awakening in South…..••..• 313 – More Good News from Elat. …………. 389 AFRICA, Central, Communion in………… 75 -New Church at Fulasi ………………. 790 – – Work for Lepers in ………………. 544 -North, Changes in ………………….. 91 – Continued Power in ………………… 565 .- Promising Mission Field in …….•….•. 873 – East, Bruedergemeinde in……………. 463 – – Masai in ……………………….. 791 – Signs of Dawn in Darkness Ca) J. H. Harris 685 – Events of 1913 in………………….. 2 – Eye to Business in ………………….. 708 – South, Black and White in…………… 389 – – Missionary Awakening in-A Correction 700 – – Moslem Menace in Ca) .5. M. Zwemer .. 733 .. (a) indicates an article over 3 pages in length: the letter (b) a brief article from one to tftree pages in length. AU other subjects indexed are le~ than one page in length. The nuil!ber of tire = + = month when any giv.en article appeared may be found by dividing the numher of the page by 80 II'nd adding 1 to the unit so obtained. For example: page 548. "" 80 6. 1 7 (July).

INDEX

PAGE PAGE Afric~, South, Race Distinction in………. 76 Asia Minor, Encounter with Briga/l~ in .••..• e67 – – Christian Activity Amonll Studellts in .• 154 – – Cooperation in Cb) C. H. Maxwell ….. 125 – Results of a Tour in (a) J. H. 'Franklin 7 – Vastl)e~~ of ……………….. • • . • • . . •• 7OS Assam, Siayes set Fr:e in .•. .' •…… :'..•• :: 305 – WaitipS" 25 Years for a Missionary. . . . . . .. 928 AUSTRALIA, Missions on a Motor·bicycle – West, Great Communion at E~t. …….. 791 – – Islam in Lagos …..•……………… 153 in ………………………………. 154 – – L i v e ,/Qr< in …………………… 75 –Long Waiting for the Gospel in …….. 75 – Sky·Pilotess in ••……….•……••..••. 541 – – Mohamm.edanism in (a) R. P. Dougherty 407 Australian Yen's Le.ague ……….. , ….. , .. ~13 – – Recon! Conurmation in……………. 236 – – Stj.Ccl'.ssful Expe,itpent in…………. 153 – Methodist Centenary ………………… 541 Afric~1! Echo of the War in Europe …..•.• 954 – Girl, From an……………………… 74 Austria, Polyglot Population of…………. 866 – King Converted ……..•…………… 85 – King Lays Corner-stone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Automobiles, Gospel ..•……•….•.•••…• 726 – Fastor, Ihiya (b) R. H. Na~~au ………. 442 – Speech, Marvels of. ………………… 312 Awakening in North India……………… 84 – View of the Gospel, F. L. Myol1gp …..• 466 Baalbek Missionary Con~~re~ces…………. ~46 Africans Hl)l'llry for the Word………….. 76 Agricultural Mission for India ……….•••. 547 Babahatchie, Story of (a) J. D. Burton…… 807 Bahaism and the Women Question (~) S. G. ALAS~.f, Cburch Fart!,ell! N'orth ……..•.• 712 Wilson …………•………………. 739 – In the Mining C~mps of Ca) S. E. Young 517 – Missionary Magistr~te in ……………. 626 Balkan Christians stand the test………… 555 – the GTe.t Northern Penillsula………… 486 – Ideas of Religious Liberty. . . . . . . . . . . . . • . .. 229 ALBANIA and the Present Opportunity, Rise – War, Les~on of the………………… 68 c. of (a) T. Erickson………………. 187 Balkans. After the War in the (b) George F.

– Help Secured for …………………… 474 BaptHiset rFroicrkei~~' Mi's~i~~ 'S~~ie~;: '6~~' H~~d~;d 24 – Hospital Pledged for……………….. 67 – Recent Tour in Cb) Phineas B. Kennedy.. 28 Years in the Work of the American (a) – Suffering in ……………………….. 714 Alcohol, Fight Against …………………. 404 T. S. Barbour •••••••………………• 567 – Uprising against ……………………. 946 – Program .:……-,_…………………. 644 ALGIERS, Typical Moslem Region in… . . .. 873 Baptist Work Among Rumanians ..•••.••••• 947 AMERICA, Foreign Students in ……..•..•. 225 – Italian Protestants in ……….. ~ ….•..•. 553 Baptists' City Campaigos..••………….•.• 726 – Japanese Officials in ………………… 226 Baptists, Challenge to ………………….. 391 – Persian Church in San Francisco …….. 473 – Reorganize, Southern …………………. ~24 – South, New Day in ………………….. 393 – Trend Toward Cpoperation in Home Mis- Barbican Mission to the Jews ………..••.• 394 sions Cb) W. Platt .••.•……………. 589 Beatitudes, Ten Missionary……………. 224 American Bible Society, Progress Made in Beggars, Fraudulent…………………… 464 Four years ………………………. 225 – Bible Society's Agencies, Visit to the ….. , 625 Beilis Trial, Some Observations Growing out – Board Endowment Fund ..• , ………….. 155 – Board in Detroit (b) E. L. Smith …….. 920 of the, and its Influence (a) S. B. – Board's Centenary of Missions in India.. 149 Roliold ……………………… '" 283 – Colleges, Revivals in………………… 472 – Indians, Efforts to help …………….. 884 Berlinj Chair for Missions at the University – Universities and Missions ..•.•……….. 645 of …………………………….. 714 America~s Last Frontier: Its Situation and its – Immorality in …………………….. 795 Appeal (a) C. A. Wooddy …. : ……… 813 Anniversaries of 1914, Missionary……….. S2 Bertillon, Dr., and the Gospel. ………….• 228 Anti·Missionary Publicity……………….. 539 Appeal for their Countrymen, Indian ……… 467 Best Methods, Department of Belle M. Brain Arabia, Signs of Progress in Turkish (a) A. K. 51, 127, 214, 291, 371, 454, 531, 613, 693, Bennett …………………………. 755 Arabian Knights, Some Modern (a) L. C. . 774, 853, 931 Karpinski ……………………….. 747 Btble Among Turkish Moslems .••….•.• ; .• 948 Arabic Lang~",ge, Evangelization of the (a) – Catholics Translating the…………….. 245 S. M. Zwemer …………..•……… 364 Argentina, Ev~nge1izing the Queen Province – fOt· Tibet………………………….. 547 -in Java ………………………….. . (a) R. F. Elder ..•..•.•…………..•. 833 Armenia, Adana since the Massacre……… 465 – in Korea .•..•……………………… 147 Armenian's bequests …….. , ………..•… 552 Armenians, New Status of.., ….. , …….. 707 – in Latin America (b) F. G. Penzotti .. 839 Ashanti. Savage Trophy from…………. 543 -in New Zealand Schools …………….. 875 – Society Centennial, American ………… 945 Bibles in Mexico, Battles and (a) Mrs. F. S.

Hamilton •.••…….•…………….. 909 – in Peculiar Form in Uganda ………… 709 – Maharajah and the …………………. 466 : – – Power of Trtahie~i~~~s·ci;;o·l· ~~d' 'Mi~s'i~~~ ~ ~ ~ 785 Teachers' 62 – Villa and the …………. ., ………… 794 – Work in 1913. H. O. Dwight………… 50 – and the European War………………. 795 -or Gin? …………………………… 313 – Record Year for ……… ;………….. 864 Bohemia, Student Work in ..••………….• 715 Bolivia, Seed-Sowing in ………………… 227 Bolivian Inscription .•….••……………• 862 BOOKS (new) …… 80, 160, 240, 320, 400, 479, ………………… 560, 640: 720, 800, 880, 960 – Africa in Transformation. N. Maclean … 957 – Alaskan Pathfinder. J. T. Faris ………. 558

PAGE :PAGE Books. American Indian on the New Trail. Books. Jesus Christ's Men. C. A. Mason .. 478, 720 T. C. Moffatt. •••••••••••••..•..•..•.•• 959 -Judson the Pioneer. J. M. Hull ………. 478 -Jungle Days. A. Munson ………….. 319 – Among the An-ko-me-nums. T. Crosby …. 559 – Peeper of the Vineyard. C. A. Stanley.. 400 – Ann of Ava. E. D. Hubbard …..•..•.•. 478 – Kingdom in the Pacific. F. H. L. Paton .. 160 – Anti-Alcoholic Movement in Europe. E. – Latin America: Its Rise and Progress.

Gordon ., ………………………… 399 Calderon …………………. _. _.. .. 43 – Asia at the Door. K. K_ Kawakami. _..• , 639 – Benevolent Institutions of United Sfates of – Love Stories of Great Missionaries. B. M. Brain . _………………………… 319 America for 1910 …………………. 400 – Beyond the Panjab. E. F. Neve ………. 638 – Man of Egypt. C. S. Cooper …•…….. 477 – Black and White. L. H. Hammond .••••• 478 -Manual of Missions. C. L. Hq,wland …… 719 – Book of Babies. Mary Entwistle…….. 79 – Master-Builder on the Nile. R. L. Hogg .. 798 – Brigham Young and His Mormon Empire. – Memoirs of Li Hung Chang. W. F. Man- F. J. Cannon and G. L. Knapp ………. 398 nix, Editor ………..•.•••.•••….••• 667 – By the Equator's Snowy Peak. E. M. – Men and Manners of Modern China. J. Crawford •••…… , ••.•..•…••••.•.•. 639 Macgowan ………………………. 42 – Child in the Midst. M. S. Labaree •••••.•• 558 – Children of Labrador.. M. L. Dwight .••.•• 399 – Men who Prayed. H. W. Frost …….•• 959 – China Mission Year Book. D. MacGillivray 239 – Militant Methodism ………………… 320 – China Revolutionized. J. S. Thompson.. 42 – Missionary Obligation. A. E. Garvie ..•••• 878 – Christian Movement in Japan. J. L. Dear- – Missionary Progra~s and Incidents. G.

ing …………………………….. 717 H. Trull '" .•..•..••.•••.. , ••••…•.. 878 – Church in the Wilds. W. B. Grubb .•.••• 477 – Modern Call of Missions. J. S. Dennis.. 39 – Comstock, Anthony, Fighter. C. ·G. Trum- -New Era in Asia. G. S. Eddy ………. 319 -New Guinea. H. Newton …………… 720 bull …………………………… 78 – New Thrills in Old China. C. E. Hawes 44 – Continuation Committee Conferences in – Nippon's Lotus Ponds. M. Klein ..•….. 717 – Not Lawful to Utter. Dan Crawford .•.. 399 Asia, 1912-1913. J. R. Matt .•..•..•.•• 159 – On Old World Highways. T. D. Murphy. 959 – Cross in Japan_ F. E. Hagin_ ………… 957 – Our Opportunity in the West Indies. G. -Dawn in Darkest Africa. J. H. Harris 40, 685 – Education of the Women of India. Minna O'Rorke .. _…. _.. .. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. . … 879 – Our Task in Japan, B. Lucas .•..•..•…. 719 G. Cowan ………………………. 43 – Our World. J. Strong………………. 319 – Educational Missions. J. L. Barton …. ~. 958 – Out of the Abyss .••….•..•………..•. 239 – Essential Missionary Principle. R. Allen 39 – Passing of the Dragon. J. C. Keyte …. 557 – Everlasting Pearl. A. M. Johannsen …… 719 -Pennell of the Afghan Frontier. A.M. – Evolution of a Missionary. C. B. De Pennell ….•.••……•.•.•.•……•.. 477 Forest ….•………………. _…•.. ; 637 – Poland of To·day and Yesterday. N. O. – Father Lacombe. K. Hughes •.•..•.••.•• 958 – Fifty Missionary Heroes Every Boy and Vinter …………………………. 78 – Presbyterian Home Missions in Kentucky. Girl should Know. J. H. Johnston… • .• 78 – Following the Sunrise. H. B. Montgomery 320 I. C. Hunt ……………………….. 879 – From Alien to Citizen. E. A. Steiner ••.• 958 – Presbyterian Medical Missions. A. W. – Glorious Liberty. L. Tucker ..•…..•.•• 879 – Glory of the Pines. W. C. Covert •.••..• 878 Halsey ••……••.•••…….•.••…••• 559 – God Juggernaut and Hinduism in India. – Progressive Philippines. C. W. Briggs ..•. 398 – Recruits for World Conquest. L. R. Scar- J. Zimmerman …………………… 638 – Gods of India. E. O. Martin ..•..•.••••• 878 borough ….. . . .. . • .. .. .. • .. . .. . .. • … 638 – Goodbird, the Indian. G. L. Wilson .••.• 558 – Return of the Lord Jesus. R. A. Torrey.. 879 – Goose Greek Folks. I. G. and F. L. Bush 79 – Russian Empire of To-day and Yesterday. – Great Acceptance. G. Thorne .•…•.. , 640 – Great Embassy. C. McEvoy •……•••••• 400 N. O. Winter ……………………. 160 – Great Heart of Papua. W. P. Nairne •… S59 – Salvage of Men. Agnes L. Palmer .• _. • •. 239 – Silver Chimes in Syria. W. S. Nelson ..•• 879 – Habeeb the Beloved. W. S. Nelson …•••• 718 – Social Aspects of Foreign Missions. W. H. – Hepburn of Japan. W. E. Griffis ….•• 44, 319 -Herbert Stanley Jenkins. R. Glover …… 717 P. Faunce ••.••••…….•..•..•.••.••. 798 – Heroes of the Faith in Modern Italy. J. – Sociological Progress in Mission Lands.

S. Anderson ……………………. 637 E. W. Capen …………………….. 797 – Heroic Bishopric. E_ Stock………….. 399 – South America. James Bryce…………. 43 – Horizon of American Missions. I. N. – Spiritual Conquest of the Rockies. W. N.

McCash ……… __ …… _. . . . .. . . • • .. 78 Sloan ………..•…•••…….•.•••.. 559 – Stewardship Among Baptists. A. L. Vail •• 877 – Holy Land of Asia Minor. F. E. Clark .. 960 – Stories of Missionary Leadership. R. E. – How Eu<ope was Won for Christianity. M. Speer ………………………….. 557 W. Stubbs ..•..•.••..•.•..••..•…••• 637 – Study of the Thlingets of Alaska. L. F.

-Immortal Seven. J. L. Hill … _………. 479 Jones …………………………… 557 – Students and the World-wide Expansion of – I n Red Man's Land. F. E. Leupp …….. 558 – Indian Medical Sketches. C. S. Vines.. 44 Christianity. F. P. Turner .•.•••• : .••• 959 – Investment and Achievement. W. L. King 398 – Tales of the African Wild. F. W. Dodds. 718 – Italian Helper. A. Di Domenica …….. 399 – Thinking Black. Dan Crawford………. 41 – Three Boys. J. Sinclair ……………•• 639

INDEX

PAGE . PAGE Books. Through Lands that Were Dark. Celebes, Dytch Mission in ……………… 314 F. H. Hawkins …………………… 719 Ceylon, Notable Baptism in ………..•..•.• 785 – Students Supported a Mission, How…… 548 – Tourist Directory of Christian Work .••• ;. 79 Charities, Nine Hundred l'ages of ……..••• 710 – Two Little Natives in a Peanut Shell. Mrs. ~harts and Posters at N orlhfield .•……• " .• 855 Chicago Hebrew Mission ………………. 316 M. Martin ………………. . . . • .. •• 160 Child Evangelism in Korea ……………… 635 – Uncle Sam. M. S. GiIlow……………. 400 Children, Campaign for Moslem •……..•.• 165 – Up and Down the North Pacific Coast. T. – Great Gift to Moslem ……………….. 315 Crosby …………………………. 559 CHINA, Bookstores for Canton ……..•.•• 953 – When God Came Down to Earth. G. Stroh 639 – Camel Versus Automobile in …………• 144 – Where Animals Talk. R. H. Nassau …… 478 – Campaign, Presbyterian …..•……. e… 63 – Winning Primitive People. Donald Fraser 40 – Changed from Boxer Days………….. 233 – With the Turks in Thrace. E. Ashmead- – Cheering Signs of the Times in. . . . . . . . . .. 632 – Christian Forces in ……………..•…. 467 Bartlett •.•……..••••••••………… 398 – Christian Growth in………………… 82 – Work of Christ. A. G. Goebelein ..•….. 960 – Colonization, A Missionary Method in… .. 146 Borneo, Christian Newspaper in…………. 875 – Educational Fund in……………….. 786 Boston Chinese Christian Workers ………. , 316 – Events of 1913 in………………….. 2 – Union Rescue Mission of …….•…….. 710 – First Christian 'Daily in .•……………. 468 Boston's 11:issionary May Festival. Mary – Form of Cooperation in ……………… 233 – Fruit of Missionary Toil in………….. 703 Preston …………………………. 127 – Great Gifts for Educational Work in .. 233, 549 Boy, A Chance for your ………………. 955 – How the Gospel Entered Haitang …….• 468 – Scouts in Syria ……………………. 546 – How the Gospels Transform…………. 72 Brahmin Priest, "Twice-Born" …… _…… _ 383 – Inland Mission, New Head for………. 946 Brazil, Papacy in…………………….. 66 -Idol Burning in yunnan ……………… 468 Brazilian Pastorate …………………… 627 – Idol·Worship stiII Abounds …………… 787 British Empire, Heathenism in the …….•••. 795 – Inquirers in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• . 13 – Missionary Cooperation ……… __ . . . . . .. 794 – International Institute in ……………. 538 Bruedergemeinde in East Africa ……….•. 463 – Leading in Christian Union………….. 306 – Millions to Receive the Gospel in ..•…… 548 BUDDHISM in Japan ………………… 702 – Mission to Ricksha Coolies………….. 786 – Sects of …………………………. 308 – Moral and Social Reform in (a) E. W. Buddhist and Christian Sects in Japan.. • . . • •. 147 – Imitation of the Christian Associations ..•. 725 Thwing •••••.•….•..•..••••………. 679 – MonasteryJ Mission in a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 548 – Moslem Population in……………….. 145 – Priest in Trouble …………………… 469 -Multiplication of Girls' Schools in ….. ",' 633 – Priest Wanted, What the (b) K. W. Kum· – Official Support for Missionary Work in .• 385 – Old and New……………………… 12 arakulasinghe ………….. ". . .. .. • … 597 – Open Door in…………………….. 306 Buddhists adopting Christian Hymns ……… 151 – Optimism in West. …………………. 869 – in Despair ••……•.••.•.••••…..••..• 145 – Overturnings in ……•…………….. 96 Bulgaria, Revival in …………………… 866 – Pillars of Islam in (a) F. H. Rhodes….. 762 Bulgarian Congress, Evangelical. ………… 158 – Plea for Methodist Union in ……..•••.• 869 Bulletin Boards ..•….•…….•………. 56 – Population of …………………….. 632 – Preaching the UPoreign Doctrine" ……. 634 BURMA, Events of 1913 In …………. ;.. 2 – Presbyterians in • • . . • • • . • . . . • . . • . • . . • .• 704 -Judson's Day and Ours in ……………. 305 – Prospects of Christianity in (a) Y. Y. TSll 825 – Judson Centennial in (b) F. M. Goodchild 368 – Present and Prospective. H. B. Cochrane 33 – Religion and Politics in …………….. 869 -Tower of Peace in ………………….. 232 – Religious Changes in (b) G. S. Eddy .•.• 929 Burma's Christianization, Judson's Contribu~ – Religious Confusion in (b) Ng Poon Chew 585 – Result of a Medical Journey in ……….. 870 tion to (a) H. C. Mabie ……………. 347 – Revivals in …………. , ……………. 724 Business Man's View of Missions …•……. 396 – Roman Catholics in ………………..• 704 Butler, Sketch of Mrs. William, Missionary to – Sherwood Eddy in…………………. !lSi – Situation in (b) P. W. Pitcher………… 37 India and Mexico (a) Lilly Rider Gracey 17 – South, Famine in ..•…..•……….•..• 952 Cairo, Christian University for Moslems in …. 388 – State Religion for (a) A. H. Smith …..• 106 Calcutta, Ignorant Opposition in………… 70 – State Religion Opposed in…………… 144 Campaign, Opening the Fall ………….••. 693 – Sunday Observance in……………… 469 – Temple Trades Decline in…… . . . . . . • . •. 146 CANADA, Church Union in ……………. 392 – $10,000 Opportunity in……………… 82 -Home Missions Conference…………… 392 – Three Hundred Days of Evangelism ……. 549 – Laymen's Movement k ………………. 156 – Tiger and the Beggar Boy (b) W. W. Peter 514 – New Secretaries in…………………. 317 – Tobacco Trust in. '" ……….•………. 145 -Religious Census of………………… 712 – Union Movement in………………… 71 Canadian Church, Missionary Giving of a…. 65 – What May Come to Pass in ………….. 870 Canton Christian College ….•.••.••••.•..••. 307 Ca(>e Colony, German Union in ………….. 646 Capen, Samuel B., Sketch of the Life and Work of (a) J. L. narton …………… 247 Carlton, Marcus B.) Missionary, decorated…. 548 Carnegie, Andrew, Peace Fund . . . . . . . • . . • . . 316 Caucasian Provinces ……………•……. 630

MISSIONARY REVJll:W OF THE WORLD [DeCelllllc;r

PAGE • PAGE China. Women's Conference in We~psi~p…. 72 Cost of Sup~rlil1ities………………….. 7~2 China's Famines, Prevention of …….•..•.• 7~6 – New Conditions ……………•……… 951 Council, Indian Missionary……………… 466 – President ..••…………..••…….•.. ~~5 – State Religion …………………….. lQ5 Cuha, EpiscQP.a1 Church Mis,ioD in (a) A. W. Chinese and Japanese in United St"tes, Wor)<: KJl~ht ………………………….. 193 for .•….•••……..•…..••••••…… 863 – Board of Mission…………………… 806 – National Sunday·school Conventiol). in .•… 157 – Break with Idols …………………… 632 – Christian Workers in Boston .••.•.•…••.. 316 – Protestantism in……………………. 79~ – Church and "Status of Women ……•….. 703 – Church to be Knowll Qllly as Cl!ristian…. 72 – Spanish Colporteur in. .. . . . . . . .. • . • . . …. 227 – Convert, Notable …………………… 549 – Gifts to Missions…………………… 703 Cultured Missionary Scholar, James S. DCR-Ili•. – Inquirers, Enlistini …………..•…… 307 – Language SChool ………………….. 144 (b) R. E. Speer ……………………. 433 – Official's Bequest to Missions………… 72 – President's Sons …………………… 234 Curios, New Ways to U~e., …………….. 53.6 – Proverbs …………………………. ~46 – Republic, Population of the………….. 306 Crawford, Dan, in Fiji ………. , ………. 955 – Republic, Unrest in the ……………… 482 – Scholar Comes int() the Light…………. 787 Czar and the Jews …………………… 942 – Student Volunteers I. H. Si. •…..•…•.. 281 – Valtjation of Christian Education ……… 468 Dancing Girl Curse in Indii'…………….. 70 – View of ForoilPlers…………………. 684 – View of the Prospects of Christianity in Deaf and Du",b, W ark for India'…. . . . • • . •• 783 China (a) Y. Y. Tsu ………………. 825 Deaf·Mute Missions, Value of. …………..• 793 Christ, The Living…………………….. S38 Christian Alliance Proll"ress……………. 711 DEA'rHS. – Endeavor •.•••..•…………………. 315 – Arnot of Africa, F. S……•……•.•… " 556 – – Mission Study ………………….. 778 – Bailie, Dr. Peter ………..•………… 716 – Layman with Power, Samuel l3. Capen. J. ~ Bernstein, Rev. Aaron …•..•••••••••••• 943 – Capen, Samuel B., of Boston. . . . . . . . . • . . •. 238 L. Barton ………………………. 247 – Chalfant, Rev. Frank H., of China …•… 397 – Daniels, Dr. C. H., of Boston …•…..•• 876 – Message to MohallllDelians (a) G. F. Herrick 5 – Dennis, Dr. James S., of New york …… 397 Christianity i. Doing for the World, What (a) – Diack, J. H ………………………… 716 S. B. Capen ……………………… 447 – Ginsburg, D. C….. .. . .. • • • . • . .. • .. • • . . •• 943 Christmas for Filipino Lepers …………•.• 954 – Haskell. Rev. Henry C., of Bulgaria •.•.• 476 – Tree, Magic ……………………….. 857 – Hazen; Rev. Hervey Crosby, of India …… 796 – – Old Colony'. Midsummer………….. 375 Church Army, English ………………… 66 – Judson, Dr. Edward, of New york ••••.•• 9$J> :;- Missionary Society …………………. 394 – Marsh, George D., ()f Turkey. • • • • . • • • . . . .. 318 . Clifton Springs Conference ……..•……… 391 – Michaelis, Mo,ris ………………….. 943 Clues to the Contents. Mrs. F. M. Gilbert, 1, 81, -Noyes, Dr. Henry V., of China ………. 397 – of Missionaries to Jews……………… ';143 161, 241, 321, 401, 481, 561, 641, 721, 801, 881 – Ogaw~, Rev. Yoshiyasu ……………….69 – – Way to Use …………………….. 537 – Owen, Rev. Geofie, of Cltina ……••….. 476 Color Line, No………………………. 76 – Penick, Bishop, of Africa .•…..••.•…… 476 Conference, Missionary Workers'………… 693 – South American Leaders' …………….. 803 – Robertson, Rey. H. A., ()f Errowanga …… 1i36 Conferences for Teachers, Missionary … , …. 646 – Scudder, Mrs. Jared W ……………….. 158 – Important World, during 1913………… 1 – Strong of Boston, Dr. E. E …………… 397 Confucianism and the Republic ………… 384 – Tidrick, Ralph W ……………………. 462 Congregation~1 Missionary Policy ………… 154 – Tucker, Bishop, of Uganda ••.•••..•.••..•. 716 Constantinople College and the Women of the – Williams, Bishop, of Tinnevelly ………. 956 N ear East (a) M. M. Patrick……….. 727 Decaying Churches of France (b) H. ¥. – United Evangelism in……………….. 565 – Y.M.C.A. ……………………… 68, 546 D'Aubigne ………………………. 593 Continental Missionary Statistics …………. 379 Delegate's Report. R. T. Hill. ……••••…• 460 Contiriuation Committee of the World Mission.. Dennis, James S. (a) R. E. Speer ………. 433 Detroit, American Board in (b) E. L. Smith 920 ary Conference, Meeting of the (b) A. Drink Curse, Stamping out the …………. 867 DuM, Rev. John L. …………………… 628 J. Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Duncan, William, of Metlakahtla……….. 226 – – Progress of the…………………. 81 Dutch Mission in Celebes …•…………… 314 Contribution to Christian Missions (a) T. S. Eddy, Sherwood, in China ………….. 929, 951 Education, Chinese Valuation of Christian .•• 468 Barliour ………………………… 567 – for Girls in Turkey…………………. 564 Cooperation in Madagascar (a) H. T. Hodgkin 423 – Japanese Eagerness for………………. 234 – in South Africa (b) C. H. Maxwell ……. 125 Educational System in the Philippines, Place – Interdenominational ..•……. " . . . . . . .. 61 Coptic Church in Egypt. ………………. 872 of Religion in the (a) P. H. J. Lerrigo .• 525 _ Tendencies in Japan………………… 83 – Work in China, Great Gifts for …… 233, 549 EGYPT, Aw~kening on the Nile ..•.••….• 566 – Coptic Church in…………………… 872 – Ideal Evangelizing Agency in …………. 311 – Material Progress in………………… 74 – Recent Progress in (b) J. Krllidenier …… ~45 – Thanksgiving on the Nile…… . . . . . . . . . .. 236 Elat, Great Communion at ..•……….•…• 791 -~fore Good News from ……………….. 389

INDEX

PAGE PAGE England, Moslem Mission to …………….. 474 Gifts of 1913, Charitable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 Enlisting the Young for Work………….. 66 Episcopal Church Mission in Cuba (a) A. W. – to Charity and Philanthropy………….. 552 Knight •……..•.•……………….. 193 – ,to Missions, British ………………….. 473 – – Ro';"'n Priests in the………. . . . . . . .. 625 Eskimo, Canadian ……………………. 864 – to Missions, Chinese ………………. '" 703 Eskimos 'Of the Frozen North (a) E. J. Peck .. 487 Gin, l3ibles or ……………………….. 312 Give to Missions Weekly. Why ………….. 61 Giving a Tenth ……………………….. 621 EUROPE, Events of 1913 in ….•. ,……… 1 – All Profits for God………………… 392 – Protestantism in ••..•………………. 66 – Students of Southeastern…………….. 622 – Invalid's Work for Missions ……….•••• 315 European Conflict…………………….. 643 – Royalty and Missions………………… 157 – of a Canadian Church, Missionary…. . . . • • 6S Evangelization of the Arabic Language. (a) – Why Give to Missions Weekly……….. 61 S. M. Zwemer …………………….. 364 Events of 1913……………………….. 1 Glasgow, What a Census Revealed in……. 228 Facts for Christians at Home, Three Missionary 513 Grass Maps on the Lawn ……………….• 373 Fakir and a Black Band……………….. 784 Famine in Japan …. '" ……………. , ••.. 470 Greece and Servia, Religious Liberty in …..• 475 – in South China …………………….. 952 Famines, Prevention of China's………•…• 786 – Protestants in …………………….. 395 Federal Council of Churches, Work of the… 156 Federated Missions in Japan .•………..•.. 325 Greene, Daniel Crosby, Glimpses of the Life Feet.washing in India ………………….. 706 Field·Marshals on Foreign Missions………. 713 and Work of (a) W. E. Griffis ………. 647 Fiji, Dan Crawford in •….•••……•.•..•• 955 – Church in…………………………. 86 GGuulaitcekm, aSlai,dnSeoymeLR..e.s.u.l.ts..i.n…………………..•…•…..•. 402 – Gospel Outlook in………………….. 543 393 Filipino Chapel at Campus Gate…………. 712 – Lepers, Christmas for ……………….. 954 Hague, Missionary Experts at The (b) A. J. Filipinos, Good Word for the …………… 955 Brown ………………………….. 111 – Prime Need of the (a) P. H. J. Lerrigo ..• 525 Hainan, Good News from ……………….. 307 Fire-Crackers, Missionary ……………… 537 Foreign Students in America ………….. 225 HAWAII, Christian Endeavor in ….•..•..•• 154 Foreigners in America ………….. …….~ – "Go to Church" in ………………. 554, 863 – – – Friendly Hand to. .. .. . . .. .. . .. . . . .. 944 – Great Church in……………………. 393 Formosa, Unreached Aborigines of ………• 790 Heart of Africa Mission …………..•….. 463 Heathenism. Cruelty of………………… 312 FRANCE, Awakening in……. 563 Hebrew Advance in Palestine … ~ ~ . . • . . . . . .. 464 – Christian Alliance ……………..••.•• 941 – Coming Back to religion …………….. 555 – Language in Palestine………………. 388 – Mission, Chicago …………………… 316 – Decaying Churches of (b) H. M. D'Aubigne 593 Hindu Alarm at the Mass Movements…… .. 382 – Device against Christians ….•……..•• 949 – Evangelical Progress in……………… 5 – Questions which Trouble ……………… 304 Hindus, Humanitarianism among . . . . . . . . . . . . . 706 – Moral Decline in…………………… 67 Holland, Missionary Interest in …………. 158 Holy Land, Conquest of the (a) A. E. Kelsey 895 ~ Spiritual Life in… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 246 Home Mission Board, Changes in Presby- French Soldiers, Work among…………. 946 terian …………………•……. 623, 725 — Work …………………………. 944 French Tract, Story of a……………… 395 – – Effort, United ………………….. 244 – – Institutes ……………………..•• 552 Frontier, America's Last (a) C. A. Wooddy .. 813 – – Trend toward Cooperation in (b) W.

Fulness of Time in the Moslem World (a) S. Platt ……………•••••..•…•…… 589 – Missionary Statistics ………………. 243 M. Zwemer …………•…………•• 175 – Missions Conference, Canada ………..•• 392 Honan, Appeal from ……………..•….. 870 Gaboon, Heard the Gospel by Accident…… 389 Hudson, George, Missionary Hero •….•….. "75 Ibiya, West African Pastor (b) R. H. Nassau 442 Gambling in Siam. Suppressing………….. 467 Idol·Worship still abounds in China …..••••• 787 Immediacy ……..••.•..•..••..••.•.••.••• 60S German Etnperor's Gift to Missions .. …… .. 229 Immigrant, What can we do for the. F. H.

– Gift to American Missions …………… 475 Rindge …………………………. 215 Immigrants as Missionaries …………….. 793 – Medical Missions …………………… 714 ~ Christian Welcome to ………………… 391 – Individual Work for the. l3elle III. Brain 214 – UNational" Gift for Missions …………. 229 Immigration, Campaign on ……………… 698 – Professor of Missions ……………….. 714 – Reformed Church, Report of the….. . . . .. 624 – Scholar as Missionary…….. . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 – Uniou in Cape Colony ………………. 646 INDIA, A. D. 1913…………………….. 30 GERMANY, Chair for Missions at the Uni- – America's Costly Gift ·to ……•……..••• 869 versity of l3erlin ………………….. 714 – Answered Prayer in………………… 232 – Gift, Mrs. Jessup's ………………….. 709 – Religious Census of. ……………….. 228 -Awakening in North ………………… M – to American Missions, German……….. 475 – Two Successful Jewish Missions in…… 943 -Changed Attitude of Moslems in………. 85 Gifts and Deficits, Missionary………….. 621 – Million Dollars for Missions ………….. 225 – Baptism of a Parsi Convert in ………… 150 – Call of the Crisis in (b) A. C. Harte ….. 269 – Centenary of Missions in …. . 149 – Christian Ideals in ……… . 705

PAGE PAGE India. Christianity and the Census in ••.••.• 303 Island World and Arctic Lands, Events of 1913 – Christward Mass·Movements In (b) T. S. in the…………………………… 2 D~nohugh •••……..•. . . . . . • . . . • • .. 135 – Colporteur's Perseverance in…………. 547 Islander's Church Costume.. . .. . . … …. .. . •• '17 – Conference of Village Mayors in………. 241 – Converted by Bible·reading in……….. 304 It Couldn't be Done-So he did it CPoem) .• 908 – Dancing Girl Curse in………………. 70 – Devotee Rolling 350 Miles in …………. 705 Italian Protestants in America ….. ~ . . . . . . . •. 553 – Events of 1913 in………………….. 2 – Feet-washing in ………….. _…. __ . . . .. 706 Italians, Mission Work for ……………..• '193 – First-Fruits of the Katkaris ………….•. 783 Italy and the Waldensian. F. Rostan ……. '. 592 – Fruit after Long Waiting in ……….. _… 150 – Further Signs of Life in……….••.•.. _ 84 – Church and State in …………………• 230 – Future Women of …………….. _. __ .. 303 JAPAN. Anglican Mission to Lepers in. _…• 871 – Great Joy in Christianity ……….•…… 630 – Great Methodist Gains in ……………. 784 – Appeal for Christian Statesmanship …….• 469 – Growth of Christianity in …………. _… 547 – Awakening in………………………. 2 – Loom as a Missionary Agency in ……… 706 – Buddhist and Christian Sects in ……….• 147 – Lowering the Flag of Paganism………. 632 – Mass Movements and Per~ecution in ..•… 465 – Calamities in ……. .- …………•.. a ••• 235 – Mass Movements in …•••…. _……..•. _ 241 – Missionary Survey of. .. , ….. ,…..•.. , ..• 151 – Case Against …•…………………… 235 – Missions have Cost. What…………… .. 69 – More as to Mass Movements in …..•…… 231 – Changes in 40 Years in ……………… 385 – National Missionary Council for ………. 325 – Ominous Conditions in………………. 231 – Charges Against …… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 308 – One Hundred Years Ago and Mow (a) J. – Christian Ambassador from ………….•. 393 – 4'l Christian Traitor" in. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 701 E. Abbott ……………………….. 255 – One Man Wins Hundreds in ………….. 383 – Church Attendance in Tokyo ………….. 234 – One Text Evangelism in ……………… 150 – Ongole Mission Growth… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 783 – Church for Chinese Students in… . . . . . . .. 148 – Open Door for .Untouchables in .•……… 631 – Open School Doors in …………….. _.. 706 – Consecrated Life in ………………… 953 – Opportunity in …….. _. .. . .. . .. . .. .. . .. 484 – Praying and Working in ……… _…… " 805 – Daniel Crosby Greene-1ifissionary States- – Progress in the Panjab ………………. 631 – Saving the Boys and Girls of (a) Mina man of <a) W. E. Griffis ………….. 647 Mackenzie …………………… …. 261 – Death of the First Protestant Elder in ….• 469 – Saving the Children of Robbers in…….. 705 – Suttee up to Date………………….. 949 – Eager for Improvement in …………..•• 550 – Testimony from ………… _……….. _ 69 – Transformation Wrought in …..•..•••• 69 – Educational Tendencies in ….. , .. , . . . . . . . • 83 – Unique Missionary Institution in ………. 784 – Envoy from the Churches of ………… _. '188 – "Watchful Waiting" in ………………. 705 – What Christians Suffer in…… . . . . . . . . .. 383 – Evangelistic Campaign in ……………•• 406 – Women and Caste in ………………… 324 – Wonderful Spectacle in……………… 784 – Events of 1913 in……………. …….. 2 – Wonderful Transformation in ……. _. . . . . 92 Indian Missionary Council ……………… 466 – }"'amine in …•…………………….• 470 – Students, Call to…………………… 64 – Uprising in Natal. …. _…………… _…. 237 – Federated Missions in ……………….. 325 – What the Gospel did for an …………… 626 – Gospel Power in……………………. 73 Indians Appeal for their Countrymen …….. 467 .- Betterment of American …………….. ISf, – Great School for Women in………….. '188 – Efforts to help …………………….. 884 – in South Africa……………………. 164 – in the New. Old …………………….• 550 – Missions to •………………………. _ 793 India's Deaf and 'Dumb, Work for ………. 783 – Moving Mountains in Ca) Pierson Curtis .. 606 International Institute in China. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 538 Interc.ession and Information-two Essentials. — Newspaper Evangelism in …………….• 309 D. M'Conaughy ………………….. 934 – Open-mindedness in ……………….•• 95 Invalid's Work for Missions … , …………. 315 Ireland. Religious Crisis in. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. 564 – Plans to Evangelize…………………. 644 Islam in China. Pillars of (a) F. H. Rhodes .. 763 – Christendom United Against. _. __ • __ . _.•• 948 – Religious Divisions in……………….. 234 – Turning to the Lord .••…..•…….••..•. 629 – Remarkable Incident in. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 73 – Revival Campaign in…………… , ….• 953 – Special ,Call for …………………….. '101 – Special Commission on …………. ,….. 635 -.- Training Sunday-school Leaders in …….. 634 -Unfinished Task in (a) H. B. Newell …… 673 – White Harvest Fields in…" …… , 83 Japanese Worker, Specimen …………….• 308 – Eagerness for Education ……………… 234 – Evangelistic Campaign (a) S. H. Wain· wright …………………………. _ 655 – in Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 483 – in Rescue Mission Work……………… 634 – in Sunday-school, Eminent ……………• 634 – Officials in America…………………. 226 – Prayer for a Church in Korea ………..• 386 – Report of Religion in Korea ………….• 387 – Rule, Better Side of. ……………….. 470 – Students, Chris,tianizing (b) KatsLlji Kato .• 274 – Studying Religion ………………….. 9 – Preaching Islam to the. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 147 – Woman, Notable …………………… 701 – Women Rising …………………….. 309 – Women's Board of Missions ………….. 470 Japan's Interesting Premier ……………… 788 -Mission to the West ………………… H8 Java, Moslem Activity in……………….. 77 – Bible in …………………………. 955 PAGE PAGE Jerusalem. Social Survey of……. •• . • • . • . .• 701 Korea. WheTe the Gospel is News ……..•. 148 Jesup Mrs., Gift of……………………. 709 Korean Christianity …………….. , …. . 789 Jew, Christian and the (a) S. B. Rohold …… 283 – Church, Changes in the ……………. .. 701 Jewish "Conversion Epidemic" ………….. 881 –' Foreign Missionary Work . . • . . . . . . • • • . . . • 471 – Statistics •..•….•…..••••….•……•. 397 – Revival Continues …………………. . 73 Jews, Barbican Mission to the……. . . . . . • .• 394 – Students Accepting Christ …… , …..•• , …• 702 – a failure, Are missions to the (a) S. B. – Women to the Fore………………… . 387. Korea's Unrest •..•…•.•…•…•..•.•••••• 73 Rohold .••………………………• 887 -Awakening ……………………… .. 94 – Affected by the War ……………..•• 942 Laborers together with God (Poem), Lord '- barred from Palestine ……………….• 949 – "Christian Synagog" for ………..•..• , •• 473 Plunkett .,………………………. 824 – Czar and the ..•.••……..•……….•• 942 Lace, Missions and (Poem) W. M. Vories .•.• 496 – Outlook for Missions to .•…………..• 942 Lahore, Woman's Club in ……………… 383 Lambuth's Prayer Answered! Bishop.•..••••• 627 – Presbyterian Missions to…………….. 942 Languages, Oddities of Oriental .• ; . • • .• • .• •• • 70 Laos, Robbers Converted by a Tract in…… 232 – Successful Work Among Canadian ……… 711 – Time to favor Zion …………………• 561 LATIN AMERICA, Bible in (b) F. G. Pen· Judson Centennial in Burma. (b) F. M. zotti •.••.•.•………•……..••••.• , 839 Goodchild ……………………….. 368 – – Events of 1913, in……………….. 1 Judaism and Christian Missions, Study of Latin·American Students, Challenge of (b) C.

Official (a) S. B. Rohold ………….. 887 D. Hurrey ……………………… 272 – Contribution to Burma's Christianization. Lawyer's Prayer for Unselfishness ..•..•. , .• 524 Laymen, New Leader of……………….. 792 (a) H. C. Mabie ………………….. 347 Laymen's Missionary Conference .••.•••••••. 862 – Day and Ours in Burma ………..•….•. 305 – Movement in Canada ……..•… '" .•…. 156 – Dictionary, New Edition of. ….. _ …….. 631 Leadership, Qualifications for. T. H. P. Sailer 776 Kalgan Burned by Troops.. • . . . . . . . . . . . .. … 633 Leipzig Mission in Africa Transferred …… 954 Kamerun, Progress in ……………….. 75, 236 Leper Cure in the PIi'ilippines…………… 875 Kansas City, Student Volunteer Convention in. – Girl in Canton, Un Ho, Mrs. L. R. Mason .. 186 Lepers, Another Massacre of……. . . . . . . . .. 787 (a) D. L. Pierson………………… 99 – Chapel Needed for Louisiana ………… 944 Katkaris, First Fruits of the ……………. 783 – Christmas for Filipino……………… 954 Khama, Visit to King. .. .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . … 544 – Gifts for Missions in Siam ……………. 149 Kikuyu, Classes Among the ……………•• 237 – in Central Africa, Work for. …. " ……. 544 – Conference and Controversy ………….. 161 – i n Japan, Anglican Mission to …………. 871 ~ Controversy, Outlook in the ………….. 321 – i n Siam, Work for ………………….. 381 – Missionary Conference (a) ………….. 208 – in the United States …….. : ………… 864 -Mission to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556, 715 —Proposed Scheme of Federation. J. J. Li Hung Chang, Self·Revelation of (a) A. J.

Willis ………………………….. 210 Brown •..••……………………… 667 – – – How it arose and what it did. W. Lion kills a Missionary………………… 462 Liquor Curse in Russia ……•………….. 622 Chadwick ………. :……………… 208 – Problem in the Kongo ……………….. ' 462 – Virgin's Statue in …………………. , 463 Literature, Lure of Recent Missionary (a) Kings, Obeying Two ..••……………….. 318 Kinnaird College …………….•……… 785 A. V. Halsey……………………. 39 Kabe, Methodist School in ……………… 871 "Living Links," Work of the ………••…• 624 Livingstonia, Church Union in. . . . . . . • . . . • . .• 544 KONGO, Advance on the Upper ………… 312 Livingston's Descendants for Livingstonia …. 463 Locomotive as a Missionary…………….. 462 – Girl Problem in the …………………• 543 Los Angeles Bible Institute ………….••… 392 "Los Von Rom" Movements ………….•.• 796 – Liquor Problem in the………………. 462 London Jews' Society ………………….. 394 ~ Missionary Training Institute in ………. 317 – New Mission on the …………………. 311 ~ Young Women, For ……….. _………. 622 Lutherans, German, in Persia ………..•…. 782 – Region, From the………… 873 MADAGASCAR, Christian Teaching in ….. . 76 – Situation in the (see Africa) …………• 953 – Cooperation in (a) H. T. Hodgkin …….. . 423 – Events of 1913 in …………………. . 2 – Southern Presbyterian Church in the ….. 628 – Unity in………………………….. 313 – Villagers Wait for Teachers …………• 485 Magazines, Missions in the September…….. 799 Koran, Popular Edition of the ………….. 405 – Noteworthy Articles in October ……….. 879 Maharajah and the Bible ………………. A66 KOREA, Association Movement in ………. 551 Making of a Nation, Albania and the Present – Bible in …………………………. 147 – Child Evangelism in ……………….. _ 635 Opportunity. (a) C. T. Erickson…….. 187 – Christianity in ……………………… 871 – Christianity to Date in ………………. 235 Manchester, Rev. Herbert S …………….• 627 – Events of 1913 in………………….. 2 Manchuria, Missionaries Robbed in (st!e -Japanese in ………………………. 483 – Japanese Prayer for a Church in ……… 386 China) …………………………. 952 – Japanese Report of Religion in ……….. 387 – Modernizing …•.•……. :………….. 702 – Progress in ………………………. 552 – Progress in Pyeng yang…………….. 789 – Remodeling ………………………. 551 – Then and Now…………………….. 309 -Trial and Triumph in, J. L. Gerdine …… 120 – What a Student Y. M. C. A. can Report in 872 PAGE PAGE Manchuria, Scenes in………………….. 97 Morri., Philanthropic Schools of Palermo .••. 861 Map Trips Around the World……. . • . • . . • • S4 MOSLEM as a Missionary …………….. 311 Mandalay, Message from …………..•..•• 950 – Children, Campaign for ….•……•••.. '" 165 Marsden Centenary ..•………………..• 874 – Children, Great Gift to ……………… 315 Marshall Islands •…….•…………….. 77 – Converts, Death for …………………. 231 Mass Movement in West Africa …………. 805 – Hearts Touched in Persia…………… 310 – Movements and Persecution in India .. 241, 465 -Lands, Events of 1913 in….. ……….. 1 –Hindu Alarm at the ………………. 382 – Menace in South Africa Ca) S. M. Zwemer 733 – – in India, Christward Ch) T. S. Donohugh 135 – Mission to England ..•………………. 474 Mecca, Pilgrims to ……………………. 781 – PopUlation in China ………………… 145 Medical Journey in China, Result of a. . . . . . .. 870 – Region in Algiers, Typical. ………….•. 873 – Missionaries' Conference …………….. 716 – Report on Missions ………………… 309 – Missions, German ………………….. 714 – School for Girls …•..•…………….•. 304 – Wedge in Syria, Potent……………… 152 – Sheikh, Remarkable Reminiscences of a Meetings. Plans and Programs for Missionary 531 Converted. Cal A. T. Upson …. 45, 113, Men and Money for Missions, How to Secure ……………………. 200, 277, 361, 437 (bl J. R. Mott. …………………… 167 – Son's Testimony in Persia … , ……… '" 310 Men's League, Australian ……………… , 313 – Statistics, Recent •..•..•…..•………. 629 Menelik of Abyssinia ……..•………….. 237 – Views of Prayer……………………. 387 Merchants' Opinion of Missions …………. 472 – World, Fulness of Time in the <a) S. M.

Mesopotamia, Future of Cal A. K. Bennett.. 755 Zwemer …………………………. 175 Message of' Life. Josephine Norville …….. 746 Moslems and Christian Unity ..•…….. , ..•. 163 Messengers-Angels and Men …………… 174 – and Christianity .•….•…………….. 545 Methodist Centenary, Australian …………. 541 – Christian University for …………….•• 388 – College at Rome …………………… 395 – Fearless Dealings with ………………. 868 -Magic in Russia …………………… 623 – Great Host of…………….. . . . . . . . . .. 230 – Missionary Funds …………..•……. 63 – in India, Changed Attitude of. . . . . . . . . . • . • 85 – – Growth, Century of ……………… 157 – in Mission Schools ………………….. 230 — Protestant and the United Brethren churches _ Moral Laxity among………………… 465 to onite ………………………… 553 – Successful Work among ……………..• 708 – School in Kobe ……………………. 871 – World·wide Inlerest in …………….•.. 322 Metropolitan Tabernacle and its Missions…. 554 Mother of Two Missions-Mrs. William Butler Mexican Bible·Class, Results of a……….. 712 – West Coast, Religious Condition of the. (al (0) Lilly Rider Gracey…………….. 17 Molion Pictures and Missions………….. 886 C. Jenkinson …………………….. 169 Matt, John R., in Europe ……………..•. 88.? MEXICO, After the Revolution in (a) J. W. – – – t o Visit the Near East ………….. 709 Moving Mountains in Japan Ca) Pierson Curtis 606 Butler …………………………… 661 Natal, Indian Uprising In …………. ' .. '" 237 – Battles and Bibles in (a) Mrs. F. S. Needs, Two Imperative Missionary ……..•.. 302 Hamilton ……………………….. 909 Negro Achievement, Notable ……………• 626 – Demand Rib1es Revolutionists in ………• 393 – Leadership ..•..••.••..•…….•…….• 4Bl – Forward Step in ……………………• 641 New England. United Campaign for ……… 726 – Gospel Work Goes on in …………….. 227 ~ Missionary Program for ……………… 317 NEW HEBRIDES Catastrophe ………… 238 – Missionary Situation in ……………..• 299 – – Chief's Conversion in …………….. 713 – Outlook in ……………………….. 883 – – Evangelized Islands ……………… 77 – Romanism restricted in……. .. . . . . . . . . .. 722 – – Perils in the ..•……………….. , .. 876 – – Sad Conditions in the. (b) J. H. Harris 357 =- Statistics of Protestant Missions in …….. 661 §¥L~e fi:~trf:~ig~fnD~~~~~;" i~: ~ :::::::::: ~g~ ·NEW YORK:.Nine Hundred Pages of Chari· ties ……….•………………….. 710 Mexico's Long Struggle for Freedom (bl M. Sarabia …………………………. 770 – – Settlement Work in………………. 226 New York's Great Achievement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Meyer. Fund, Louis…………………… 59 – – Non·Churchgoers ………………… 625 Michigan Mission In Arabia, University of == :::::::::::::::: m . Cal L. C. Karpinski. ………………. 747 MIdsummer Missionarv Festival S. Sowton .. 374 Mid·week Missionary 'Meeting of the Ch''''ch 931 NEW ZEALAND Centennial. ………….. 541 Wctr;~~~ £t~~e~;,~~. ~~ T m Mini{}g Camps of Alaska, In the (al S. Hall Ni~eria, Mass Movement in …………….. 242 Ni e, Awakening on the……………….. 566 Missio~u'i!aIC Th~' (p~~;";i LHa'';'~:::::: – Mission Press, Egypt……….. .. . . . . . . .. 543 – Study Class ………………………. 774 —Printed Page and the (a) S. M. Zwerner ………………………..• 364 – – at the Mid-week Meeting…………. 937 Missionary Message the Only Cure ……….. 540 North America, Events of 1913, in……….. 1 –0 Teat Progressive …………………… 695 North, Dr. F. M., to Visit the Orient …….. 792 – Training Institute, London ……………. 317 Northfield, Charts and Posters at ………••• 855 -Were I an old ……………………… 556 Norway Foreign Missions ………………. 622 – Wonderful ………………•………. 379 Nurses, Need of Missionary…. . ……… 621 Missions Forging to the Front………….. 715 Okuma, Count …………. :…………… 788 — in the Curricu]um ………………….. 246 –Stands for Religion ………………. 871 – Really Mean, What …………………. 185 Omi Missi.on in an Unqccupied Province, FoundIng of the Ca) P,erson Curtis …… 606 Mohhmmedanism in West Africa (a) R. P. ougherty ………….. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 407 Ongole Mission Growth………………… 783 Mohammedans, Christian Message to (a) G. Open Secret, The (b) John R. Mott ……… 167 F. Herrick ………………………. 500 Opium in the Philippines………………. 542 Mohonk Conference ………………….. 884 – International Committee on ……..•…•• 396 ~oW?;-!ea~IPairffi~~Wd~::::::::::::::: .:::: ~i – suppression, S!,tback for…………….. 5$0 Pagamsm, Lowenng the Flag of………… 868 Moral Laxity Among Moslems …………… 465 Palermo, Philanthropic Schools of ……….• 861 MOrgenthall. Henry ………………….. 707 Palestine, Hebrew Advance in …………..• 464 Mormon Propa-'!anda Frustrated ………..".. 555 – Hebrew Lang11age in. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 388 – Temp1e in Washington………………. 863 – Jews barred from …. '" ………….•••• 949 Moros; Appeal of the ………………… , .. 471 Pamphlets ……………….. 320, 480, 640. 720 PAGE PAGE Panama Exposition Religious Aspects of the •• 314 Roman Catholics in China…………… ; . . .. 704 l'anjab Woman's College in the …. ·.······· 785 – ~ .Tran~lating th~ Bible…………….. 245 Papua 'Good News from ..•…………….. ~ Priests In the EpIscopal Church ………• 625 Parable-Meeting of the Coins – ……… ".. . 635 Romanism, Notable Convert from……….. 65 Pastors Cooperative Plan for. E. W. M!ller 636 – restricted in Mexico………………… 722 Pastor~~ Experience. (a) R. F. Horton ….. . 935 340 ROME, Methodist College at. ………….. . 395 lleace Fund Church•…..•.. ················ 316 – Waldensian Church at •…••…………. 395 – War and (Editorial) ..•……..•.• ···•·• 941 Rumanians!:. Baptist Work among …. _. _… _ 947 RUSSIA, iquor Curse in ..•… _………. . 622 PEKING, Great 'Day in., .•………… , ., .. 15 – Methodist Mai~.in., …………..•….. 623 – NatIonal Proh,b,tion In ••••••••…..•…•. 946 _ Go-ta-Church Sunday lU ••••• ••••••••••••• 951 _ Y. M. C. A. in ……… ·············,··· 704 – Philanthropic Work in St. Petersburg …. 714 Pennsylvania, University of, Bible Class 10 .• 945 – Restrictions Abolished in •••………….. 866 – Temperance Movement in …………… . 565 PERIODICALS 479 Russian Contrasts ••..•…..•.. '" … " …. . 88 Everyland for Children..•.••.•..•..••… -•.• 479 – Tyranny, Protest Against. •…•.•……… 230 Sunday-school Times •••….••..: ……..•.. 465 ~ Sunday-scbool Did, What a …………. . 941 Persecution~ Mass Movements and, In Indla …. Sacrifice, Power of (b) S. M_ Zwemer ….. . 497 =_PECRhSarIaA~teBro y Sultan in ……… ···••·····• 867 Salad, Immigration ••……•…..•……..• 535 Building in .•…… ···•· .. ···••• 85 Salvation Army Congress ….•…………••• 713 _ German Lutherans in …. '…. : …..•….. 782 – — Progress ….••.•••.•.•………•….. 62 782 – – Sends out Workers .•..•………•…•• 865 _ Holy Moslem Town OccupIed m .•••• •••·· 310 SAMOA, Chinese Missionary to. . . . • . . . . . . . .. 542 _ Moslem Hearts Touched ••.•. ·•·····•··•·· 310 ~ Marvelous Change in ….•…………… 635 _ Moslem Son's Testimony……… ·.••···• 484 Schweitzer, Dr. Albert…………………. 67 _ Preaching Opportunities in……•.. ·····• Seaside, Evangelism by the … , ………..•.• 862 Persian Church In San Francisco ……••. ··· 473 ~ Moslems ask for Christian SchooL …… . 782 – Resorts, Missionary Services at, W. G. Ovens •.••.•••••••••••..••••••••.•••.• 371 Peru, Liberty and Revolution in ..•….. •···• 326 4 Second Coming, Missions and the ….. ___ … 380 ~~;~~uVe~~~~rtli~~:t~' i~::::::::::::::::: Self-Revelation of Li Hung Chang <a) A. J. 805 Brown ………………………….. 667 m ~le~~~P~!~~;,Att~~:I. ~~.~~e. ~~:~~: :: : : : :: Servia, Religious Liberty in Greece and…… 475 Settlement Work in New york …………… 226 =__ National Awakening in the (b) C. H. Brent ~~~ SHANGHAI, Christian Education for …… 384 ~r.:~::, f!~ ~~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5 – Y.M.C.A. in •••••.••••••••.•…..••….. 385 354142 Shansi Officials' Offer Accepted. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 307 ~ Slavery in the …….•• ··········… – … – 8~~ – Progress in the Plans for……………. 550 __ Woman Evangelist Among Savages tn the .. Shantung, Evangelization in <b) R. C. Forsyth 116 _ United States and the..•…… , .. ··•···• Sheikh, Remarkable Reminiscences of a Con- Plans for the Year. Belle M. Bram. _…… 613 verted Moslem (a) A. T. Upson ~~b~;~;" Ta"g~th~~' ~iih' G~d·.· Lo~d' Pl;'~'keti 824 45, 113, 200, 277, 361, 437 ~ Praying or Planning. J. Andrews …….. 693 SIAM, Call for Help from ………………. 467 _ To Give is to Live ….. _. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 692 – College Stud.ents .il}": ……………•… 381 PPoolrytogamRiy~o,CaCmhpuaricghnesAgiani.n.s.t.. _. .. . . . .. . . . . .. 64 – D~ead of EVIl SPirits 10 _ .••• _ •.••..•.•• __ 232 .. ·· · · · ·· · · · ··· 65 – Gbmpses of Missionary Work in (b) R. C. Jones . _………•…… , ……… " … 353 Prayer Following Work with ………. – . – -. 778 – ML<;p~rs GTifts for ¥issions in………….. 149 ~ in India Answered ……………. – . . .. 232 – ISSlon annery In •••••••••••••••••••••• 9S0 _ Moslem Views of .•……….. ··········· 387 s:;r~~gk:;::;i~~~: i~:::::::::::: :::::::: ~~~ 87- :::;'uppresslng Gambling in…………..••• 467 _ Profit in …•…..•••..•.•………….. 933 Work for .Lepers in …………………. 381 Presbyterian China Cam~aign …._……….. 63 _ Home Mission Board, Changes 10 •• 155, 623, 725 – Soldier·Evangelist in …………….. : •• : ~~~ _ Missions to Jews …………………… ····· 942 _ Recruits, New ………… ; .. ;/.:.: ….. 624 __ Southern General Assembly s MlsslOnary Declaration" ..•…..••……………. 710 ;;.- Ta~ar No!"ads in (b) W_ Davidson …….. 761 s!benan Pnsons •.•………………….. 71 Presbyterians at the Front ……. · ….. ····· 628 Sknga~ore, ~eeds of. …………………… 382 _ in China ..••.•..•.•••••.••….•.•…••• 704 s y-PIlotess ,n AustralIa.: ……………..•. 541 Present.Day Miracles (Poem) A. Crombie…. 530 =i~ ~~cft~~ip.p.i~:~:::::::::::::: Slaves set Free in Pres!:, Bureau, Missionary ……………… 621 . avery a L,ve Issue Stlll…………. 245 PPrrooggrraamm~ One Church's .•………. ·· .. ····· 699 : : :: . ::: :: ~3g1~4 for Missionary Meetings, Plans and 531 Assam………….. : : …. Pro]!ress Let the Pessimist Take Note…… 636 ~ Other' Signs of. ……. _. _… _. . . . . . . . . •. 225 Social Service in Missions……. . . . … 486 $:: Prohibition, In Favor of NationaL ……. – .. Soldiers and Sailors, Books for … : : .. : : : : : :: 554 = . Na~~~~a, ~.a.t:~~~I.• ::: :: : : : : : : : :: •… : : : :: 227 SOUTH AMERICA, New Interest in .••••••• 802 _ Progress •…..•……•…………….• 863 – – Philant.hropic Schools of Palermo .•…•. 861 South AmeTlcan Leaders' Conference…….. 803 Protestantism in Europe •.••………… ···· 66 Prussian State Church••..•••••.••.•..• , .••• 865 Publicity Missionary …•…………••…. 59 SPAIN, Notable. Da:y in …..•……..•..•.• 555 S~ Pro!e_stant UnIOn 10 •••••••••••.•••••••• _. 724 Punjab, &,l£-support in the. . . • . . . • . . . . . • . . .• 150 Reltglous Conflict in …•.. – …. – •. – .. _. .. 562 Putumayo • . . • . . • . • . . • . . . . • • • . • . . • . . . • . . .. 228 Race-Tracks, Evangelism at ………. _. . . . . .. 795 . peers, James M. …… ……. …• . .A.b•~•o~d 792 Racial Ty~. and Christianity………. – . .. 224 Spiritual Awakenings at Home and (b) M. T. ~M hi!oanrtrhirlolp.i.c. .W. .o. .r.k. ……. • • Ramaba;'s New Work for Indian Woman ..•.. lSI "!'e!ersburg, in …. • • 822 Reading' Contest Midsummer Missionary….. 376 St. : : 714 _ Stimulating :)ummer ••.•••………….. 376 ahstlcs-Amenca 5 Last Frontier…… 815 ~St Continental M.issionary' …•.•……•• :::: 379 Recent Progress in Egypt (b) J. Kruidenier .. 445 Recolplition Service for New Officers. . • • . . . .. 226 ~- for 1913 .F,?relgn MissIOn ..•.•…•… . • . . . 163 Home M,SSIOnary •.•…..•……•.. . 243 ~:~~nMi!f:!e~~ B~~i';n: u;'io~::::: ::: :: :: 716 – of Protestant Missions in Mexico ….. :::: 661 _ Missions Unite .••.•…•…………….. 63 – World at War .•. – .. , _….. _. … . .. • 843 Retrospect, An Instructive … _……… _.. " 945 Steel Works and a Mission .•….•…••. :::: 711 ~StteerpehoaPntoifcfo,n Pastor Simon………….. R&VIEW Editorial Staff……………….. • 223 Lectures, Open-Air ..•••••• : 318 -and the Mission Boards .••••••••••.•.•••• 223 : : : : 377 tudd, C. T. . .•..••…••………..•.••.•• 463 Revivals in American Colleges..•.•.•.••••.• 472 Student Volunteer Convention …•••..• : .63, 81 – Volunteers, Chtnese, I. H. Si ………… 281 :~~:~ g~ll,~~~c ~3eI1ro~!~':;; Ui8si~;'~::::: ~g~ PAGE Uganda. Wonderful Progress in (8) H. T. C. Weatherhead…………………… 599 Student Volunteers. in 1913, British …..•…. 554 Union and Unity in Missions ………… , .•. 301 _ Work in Bohemia ..•… : •..•.. :.······ .. • 715 – China Leading in Christian …………… 306 Students. Challenge of Latm·Amencan (b) C. – in Canada, Church………………….. 392 – in Livingstonia, Church……………… 544 D. Hurrey ………•…….. ·· '.: .. , .•.. 272 – Missionary Meetings, Belle M. Brain•.•••• 127 _ Christianizing Japanese Cb) Katsu)1 Kato.). 274 _ in Line for Missions, Five Thousand (a – Movement in China •………….•..•.. , . • 71 – Training Institute .•………•……….• 553 D. L. Pierson .•………. · ….. ·······• 99 Unitarianism and Missions .•……………• 315 _ of Southeastern Europe……………… 622 Unitarians to Take up Missions ………….. 155 Sudan, Anglo·Egyptian ……………….•. 74 United Campaign for 1914·1915 …………. 695 Suicides, Religion of. ………….. ··:··.··· 866 – – f o r New EnJ!land-…………………. 726 Summer Conferences and Schools of MISSion· 454 – – Work, Conttnued ……………….. 472 – Educational Program ………………… 471 _ ~1':,~i M:~ihods" ·ir~;';::.::;:: ::.:: :: ::: :::: 853 – Front in Mission Work Ca) J. H. Franklin 417 _ Months, Working for MISSIOns m, Belle M. Brain ……•…•…….•…………. 311 – Home Mission Effort. ……………….. 244 Sunday Observance in China……………. 469 – Missionary Movement •………….•…. 403 _ SchoDI Convention in Cuba. NatlOnal. …… 157 _ Schools and Missionary Societies, PractIcal – Theological College of South India .. : ….. 868 Work for•. ~elle M. Brain ..•……….. 613 Unity ahd Cooperation Conference……….. 161 _ _ Home MISSion •..•……..•………• 862 Surplus Material,. Utilizin.g ………………. 613 – in Madagascar …………………….. 313 Swedish Mission m AbYsslllla ..•.••……..•. 874 – Moslems and Cbristian ……………….. 163 Universities and Missions, American …•….• 645 – Foreigners in America ..•.•……….••.• 625 SYRIA, Boy Scouts .in..•.•…….. : . . . . . . . .. 95496 Unprecedented World Situation. (a) J. R. Matt 87 _ Gathering of Christian Students Ill….•. , • Unseen Resources, Drawing on, Belle M. Brain 291 – Planning a Campaign………….. . . . . . •• 16582 Vacation Missionary PreparatIOn in……… 396 _ Potent Medical Wedge in .••.•.. : ..•••••• Tatar Nomads in Siberia (b) W. DaVidson …. 761 Venezuela, Bible Institute in. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 554 Teachers Missionary Conferences for…….. 646 -'-0 Needea in Turkey .•••••……………… 629 Volunteers, What Appeals to …………..•• 876 Temperance A Cb~nce for your boy …….. 955 _ British Drink Bill .•••••..•..•..•… ··.·· 318 Waldensian Church at Rome ………….•.• 395 – Fight Agai~st Alc~ho1. •……. , ………. 456045 – Movement 1n Russla••……………•…. – Italy and the, F. Rostan ……………. 592 Ten Nationalities at One Altar ………….•• 869 Testimony from India ……………. , ……. 169 Wanted: Spiritual Commodore Perry……… 386 – Under an Anesthettc ……. , ………… . 52 Texas, Moral Victories in ….. : •………. : • . 64 War and Missions ……………………… 721 Thanksjliving and Prayer III War Time – – – More About the (a) ……•••…..•• 922 Editorial •••.••••••••…•••……….•• 940 –Peace …………………………. 941 Thompson. Dr. Wardlaw, retires ………… 759144 Tiger and the Beggar Boy (b) W. W. Peter.. – Bibles and the European…………….• 795 – on Missions, Influence of the .•…..•….• 801 – – – Practical Effects of the…………. 843 – Pathos of the. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 867 – Time Thanksgiving and Prayer in. . . . . • •• 940 – World at (Statistics) …………….••• 843 Warfares, Two (Editorial) ……………… 939 Wednesday Night Club …………………. 696 Wesleyan Centennial …………………. 66 ::!~~e~is B~~lel~13' 547 i';: : ::; :: ::: ::: ::: ::: ::: : 2 – Foreign Missions, One Hundred Years of (a) F. D. Walker ………………….. 505 -TibOe~t~anniO~godt:i:o:nes. ?r~~~. ~~~~~. ~~~.d..~~)..~~~~~ 34 – Missionary CentenniaL………………. 228 of European Idolatry……. . 382 WWehsytoSnn, oBuilsdhoIll?o.f..Z.a.n.z.i.b.a.r'.s..P.l.a.n…………………. 473 Tibetans Seeking Knowledge ……… , …… . 71 138 Wilder, Robert. at Robert College ……….. 464 Tithing Vindicated …………………… . "792 Woman Question, Bahaism and the (a) S. G. Tobacco Trust in Cbina ………………. . 145 Tokyo, Church Attendance in …………… . 234 Wilson ……………………… 739, 915 TopICS for 1914 ……………..•………• 60 Woman's College in the Panjab ………….. 785 Women, Chinese Church and Status of. ….•. 703 Tourists Notable Party of. …………… . 390 – Great School for Japanese…….•••..•••• 788 TransvM.l Hunger in Nortb ……………. . 709 Troops an'd the Gospel, British …. , ……… . 865 – of India, Future. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3{)3 – of the Near East, Constantinople College Tunis, Colporteurt~ E~perience in ……….. . 462 and the (a) M. M. Patrick………..•.. 727 -Modern EducatIon tn ……………….. . 627 Turkestan, New Work in .•……………… 707 – Turkish …•.•………•……………. 781 – Unite in Missionar; Effort…………… 242 – World Gathering 0 .••••••.•••..•..•.•••• 474 TURK;EY, A!"erican Ambassador Inspecting Women's Board of Missions, Japanese ……. 470 MISSions In ….••••••••••.•..•..•••..• 707 ~ Conference in Weihsien, China……….. 72 World at War (Statistics) .•………•….. 843 – American Interests in ………………. . 948 – Needs. What the ……………………. 796 – C~a.os in ~uropean ………………… . 630 – Situation, Unprecedented (a) J. R. Mott.. 87 – DISIntegratIon of ..•…•…………….. 947 Wrecking a Mission in the New Hebrides :…. Education for Girls in .•…………….. 564 Islands. (b) J. H. Harris ………….• 357 – Eighteen Years ago and Now …….••…. 90 Young Men's and Young Women's Christian – From Harem to College …………….. . 310 Association Campaij!"n in N ew York. • . . . . 3 – Gregorian Sunday·schools in ..•.•…….. 949 Y.M.C.A. and Foreign Missions ………..•. 157 – H!,sp'ital at Urfa jn …………..'……. . 388 – can Report, What a Student………….. 872 -MISSion Progress In ••..••.••.•..•…•••.• 152 – in Constantinople ……………….. 568, 546 – Outlook in ………………………. . 404 -Teachers Needed in ………………… . 629 – in Peking ………………………… 104 -The New ……………………….. .. 152 – in Shanghai ..•……………………. 385 – United Evangelism in Constantinople ….. . 565 Young Men's Christian Associations of South Turkey's Crisis .•…..•.•…………….. 882 America ••……………………… .803 Turkish Capitulations and Missions, What Young Women, For London. '" …………. 622 About the (a) G. R. Montgomery …… . 903 Young Women s Christian Association. World- – Moslems, Bible Among …•……….. 546, 948 wide Work for. (a) A. Estella Paddock 327 -Women …………….•…•..•..•..•.. 781 Yuan Shih Kai, President………………. 385 Twice·Born "Turk" (a) A. T. Upson – – on Religious Liberty………………. 704 Yucatan, Slavery in…………………… 861 45, 113, 200, 277, 361, 437 UGANDA, African King Lays a Corner·stone 74 Yunnan, Idol burning in ………………. 468 Zion, Time to Favor…………………… 561 – Bible in Peculiar Form in …… , ……… . 709 Zionist Opposition to Missions………….. 230 – Children's Meeting in ………………. . 791 Zulu King, Funeral of a ……………….. 390 – Christian King of………………….. . 874 – Moving Cbristward in ………………. . 406 – Politics and Missions……………….. 628 – Revised Version in ………………….. 545 – not Evangelized th~' Co"spei' i';: : : : : .. …. :.. : 544 Zululand. United Work in ………………. 545 – Transfortned by 544 Zwemer, Samuel M •…••.. , ……………. 311

The Missionary Review of the World — 1913 Index

CJ:he 8liss{onary 'R..eview

of the World VOL. XXXVI. OLD SERIES VOL. XXVI. NEW SERIES Founded in 1878 by Editor-in-Chief, 1888 to 1911 REV. ROYAL G. WILDER, D.O. REV. ARTHUR T. PIERSON, D.O.

JANUARY TO DECEMBER, 19]] EDITOR DELAVAN L. PIERSON ASSOCIATE EDITORS REV. D. L. LEONARD, D.D. J. REV. STUART HOLDEN FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY NEW YORK LONDON

BY FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY Printed ;n the United States

OF ONE VOLUME OF THE MISSIONARY REVIEW OF THE

Each year the MISSIONARY REVIEW contains the equivalent of 21 volumes, a complete library .of Missions, on the history, methods, principles, and progress of Missions and the lives of Missionaries and Native Converts. Each small volume would contain about 30,000 words (150 pages).

INDEX FOR 1913 MAPS AND DIAGRAMS PAGE PAGE Balkan States •••….•.•…..•.•••.•••••••• 265 Methodist Cake is Cut, How the_ ………. _ 908 Cair<>, The Hand that Shoots the Arrow of Moslem World ……… _…….. Facing page 7 Mottoes Used in the United Missionary Cam- Thought into the Moslem World …•.••. 350 Charts Used by the United Missionary Cam- paign .•…………………………. 909 Protestant Mission Work for Indians ……. 835 paign .. __ …. _.•…•……… _.. _____ . 902 South America, North half of…………… 198 Theremometer, A Missionary……………. 29 Chinese View of the Church in China …… 641 Turko-Balkan Controversy, Region of the_.. 87 Every-Member Canvass Charts. _____ …. _… 909 United Missionary Campaign in One District 908 Home Missions, Striking Argnment for •….• 908 Maps Used in the Missionary Campaign …. 905 PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE PAGE Africa, Central, Audience at a Preaching Atlantic City, Men's Missionary Conference Service of the Scotch Presbyterian Mis- Dinner at ……………………….. 903 sion in Livingstonia……………….. 161 Beck, William ……………………….. _ 593 – – I n Livingstone's Ti~e ana NDW_~ __ …. 170 Borden, William Whiting ••……•…..••.• 561 – – and his Guide Mountain Climbing in – – Livingstone Monument in …………. 172 – South, Colored Churchwardens of the Switzerland … _…………………. _ 567 – – Boy Athlete ………….. _.. . . .. .. .• 569 Rhenish Mis~ion, Larepta…………… 49 Bulgaria, Czar and Czaritza of. ………… _ 413 – – Compound, Sunday' Morning Service in 432 – Monument to Alexander II. and Parlia- – – Inside a Zulu Kraal. …………….. 428 – – Typical Compound………………… 429 ment Buildings, Sofia ……………… 415 – Typical Boloki Headman …………….. 175 – Protestant Collegiate and Theological Insti- African Church in Southern Rhodesia, N alive 45 – Dance in Compound, Native South ..•••• , 431 tute, Samokov …………………….. 401 – – Compound Mission, EVangelists of the.. 433 – Students of the Collegiate and Theological Alaska Indians Ready for a Pot-Latch ••.•.. 127 – Kian Totem, Ketchikan……………… 125 Institute, Samokov ……………….. 401 – Old Kassam, Typical Indian Village in…. 131 Bulgarian Man and Woman ….••……••.• 417 America, Religious Sects in …………….. 257 Cairo, General View of……………….. 13 Arab War Dance, Mesopotamia ………… 737 "Caractors" fabricated by Joseph Smith in Arabic Leaflets for Moslems on Comparative 1828 ……………………………… 355 Religion ……………………. __ … 727 Chengtu Union University, Temporary Build- Armenia, Gregorian Church School at Dzak•• 815 – Interior of the Gregorian Church at Dzak. 801 ings of …………………………. 113 Asia Minor, Churches used in a Stereopticon Chew, Rev. Ng Poon ………………….. 509 China, City of Wuchang, Looking Acr<>ss the Gospel Tour in …………………… 801 – – New Protestant Chapel at Sheplk…… 801 Yangste River from Han yang…….. 109 – – Ready for the Pictures, Protestant – Distributing ~criptures to the Pilgrims Re- Church at Haiu;………………….. 817 turning from the Hunan Sacred Moun- Assiut Presbyterian Churcb cared fDr by an tain …………………………….. 328 – EYangelist Hsiao and the Idols in the Egyptian Pastor…………………… 499 Half-Way Tempi", Hunan Sacred Moun- tain ……………………………. 337 —-I Evangelist Hsiao Talking with .Pilgrim T'eng ….. _……………………… 337 PAGE PAGg China, Evangelist Li, Student and Preacher. 338 Japan, General Synod of the Protestant Epis- _ Graduating Class of Native Pastors, 1912. 531 copal Church in ……….••……….. 65~ _ Hunan Sacred Mountain and the Autumn – Graduating Class, Morioha Kindergarten.. 37 Bible-school •….. __ …………… __ ., 333 – St. John's Church, Kyoto .•.•….•…•.•• 658 _ John R. Matt and the National Mission- – Union Church at Karuizawa………….. 34- Japanese Christian Family…….•..•..•…. 661 ary Conference at Shanghai ………•.. 481 Jews of Morocco in the Ruins of their _ Kneeling Pilgrims Returning from the Houses ………•…….•…•.••.••.•• 409- Hunan Sacred Mountains .•….•.••.••.• 327 K<>ngo, At a Boloki Drinking Bout …..••••. 177 _ lIap Accompanying the Report of One – Houses of One Monsembe Man and his Party of Colporteurs ………….•.•… 336 Wives ………….•………….•.••• In _ ~Hssion School Children Receiving Diplo- — Woman of Wealth ………………….. 175 mas in ………………••.••..•••••• 35 Korea, Open-Air Meeting of the First Pres- _ Missionaries and Evangelists Attending the byterian General A&sembly .. :.. ……… 30 First Hunan Autumn Bible-school. ..•.•• 332 – Severance Medical College…………… 899 _ Pilgrims Kneeling at a Shrine of the Main – The Church that Song Ssi Saved-Now a Temple, Hunan Sacred Mountain ……. 321 Christian Girls' Schoo!. ……………. 283 _ Pilgrims on Steps Leading up the Ten- – The Man Who "Became as a Little Child"

Mile Road to the Top of Hunan Sacred for 'the Sake of Christ…………….. 285 Mountain ……….. . . . . . . . . . • . • • . . . .• 329 Korean Children ….•….•..••………… 36 _ Slave Girls at the Gateway of the Chief'. – Gentleman ………………………… 33 Compound …………………..•.••• 743 Livingstone Attacked by a Lion…………. 169 _ Son of a Pastor in………………… 33 Livingstone, David ……… ,………….. 166 _ Three Christian Leaders in …………. 111 ~ Monument in Central Africa …………. 172 Chinese Americans of the Pacific Coast, One Livingstone's Back, Large Spear Grazed ..•.. 170 of the …………………………. 501 – Pioneer Work, One Result of ………… 161 -Costumes for Missionary Sunday ………. 913 Long, George …•..•…….••…..•..•…. 594 _ Gospel Poster Used in Colportage Work •• 327 –at his Desk……………………… 587 _ Illustration, Mo.ses Lifting up the Serpent 331 Macedonia, Turkish Town of Monastir ….•• 267 _ _ The Wi,e and Foolish Virgins ……… 331 Masumi Hino and His Family …………… 647 _ Missionary Houseboat, Traveling in …… . 31 Mecca, A General View of…………….. 9- – Street Scene, Typical ……………•…• 32 ::Iesopotamia, Arab War Dance …………. 737 Constantinople ………………………. . 11 ?.1e5sage in Stone-Dr. Pierson's Monument. 207 _ Interior of Mosque of St. Sophia..•••…• 81 1feyer, Louis ……………………….. 671 _ Looking Across to Asia from Robert Col- Mohammed, Most Revered Portrait of. ….. 411 lege …………………………….. 89 Moscow, Holy Home of the hersky Virgin. 763 – Mosque of St. Sophia………………. 81 M(}rmon Municipal Dancing Pavilion ….••. 255 _ The "Sublime Porte"……………….. 16 – Public School Children ……………… 250 Ding Li Mei, the D. L. Moody of China ..•. 111 – Temple and Tabernacle, Salt Lake City•• 252 Egypt, Graduating Class, 1909, Girls' Board- – Young Men in Training to go on a "Mis- ing-school, Now Cairo Girls' College…. 499 _ New American Mission Buildings at Assiut 496 sion" …………………………… 251 _ Nile Mission Boat "Ibis" at Luxor …… 495 Morocco, French Army Maneuvering in…. 408 _ Third Class Ward in the Mission Hospital, – Jews of, in the Ruins of their Houses… 409 Assiut ………………………….. 497 – Mosque and Market Place in …………. 407 Eleonora, Czaritza of Bulgaria …………. 413 Navajos at Indian Wells, Arizona, Good Ferdinand, Czar of ·Bulgaria ……..•…..•• 413 Guatemala City, Fashionable Street in…… 811 Samaritan Hospital for…………….. 832 – Masqueraders at a Roman Catholic Festival Navajo Rogan …….. : ………………. 836 in …………………………….•• 807 Nosu Men, Group of Independent ……….. 742 _ Women Washing at the Public Fountain .• 809 ~ Warrior with an American Colt's Rifle .. 745 Hankow, City of, Looking Across the Han Nosuland, Missionary S. Pollard and Friends River from Han yang ……………… 108 Hsiao, Evangelist M. K. ………………. 335 in …………..•……•……•..••.•• 741 Idol Worship ……………………….. 754 – On the Border of. …………………. 743 Immigration Pageant at Silver Bay ……… 843 – Retainer's House and Lady Chief's Tower. 744 Oberlin College, Ohio, Severance Chemical India, Darkness and Light: Contrasts in Womanhood in ……………….•..••• 241 Laboratory ………………………. 898 Persia, Dancing Girls of Gishsoc ………… 487 – Dr. Martha Sheldon's Home, on the Road – Opponents-Turkish Moslems at Prayer on to Tibet …………••……….•••••• 275 the Persian Border………………… 491 – Man of Bhot, North, Near the Tibetan – Return from a Missionary Tour, Teheran. 493 Border ………………………..•.. 277 Philadelphia, Interior of the Inasmuch :Mis- Indian Church "n Klamath Reservation, Ore- sion ……………. _……. _…..••.• 591 gon ………………….. ; ……….. 836 – Some of the Raw Material at the Mission 589 Philippopolis, A Typical Bulgarian City .•••.• 412 – Tepees ………………..•..•…•.•••• 836 Pierson, Arthur T. .. …………………. 205 Japan, Christian Lecture in the Old Assem- Pollard, S.. and Friends in Nosuland …•… 741 Presbyterian Synod of the Nile-March, 1909 498 bly Hall, St. Margaret's Institute.•.••.. 657 Putumayo Indians. Some of the………… 197 – Conference of the S.P.E., CM.S., and Rhodesia, Native African Chur~h in Southern 45 American Episcopal Missions in ……… 654

INDEX

:PAGE PAG", Russia, Ancient Church of St. Basil, Moscow 761 South American Rubber Bought by Blood of – Street Shrine in ……………………. 762 the Indians………………………. 20Z Russian Parish Priest …………………. 761 – Peasants on the Way to a Church Cde· Tengchofu, China, Severance Buildings at … 895 Thessalonica Agricultural and Industrial In· hration …..•.••…•………..••..•.• 765 Salonica, Arrival of the Greek King in…… 268 stitute ……………………•……• 271 – Mosque of St. Sophia, in the Hands of the Tibetan Woman ……………………… 27t Tigris, Typical Arab Town on the ……….. 735- Bulgarian Soldiers. . . . • . .. . • • • .. . • . . . .. 265 Tokyo, Graduating Class of St. Paul's Col· – Quay at …………………. '" ……. 93 – Turkish Refugees at the International lege ……………………….•…..•. 659> Tsao Li, Y.M.C.A. Leader of Shanghai .•..• 111 Committee's Camp, near ……………. 269 Tucson, Arizona, John Eliot Memorial Chapel. Salt Lake City, Looking N<>rth on Main Papago Mission ………………….. 831 Street ………………………….• 247 – – Presbyterian Mission School at.•….. 83() San Francisco, Interdenominational Japanese Turkish Refugees at the International Com- Missionary Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 505 mittee1s Camp, near Salonica ……….. 269 – Mission Day·school for Chinese Children. 503 Utah Gospel Mission Evangelists Vith Their Severance, Louis H. . ………………… 881 Shanghai, Interior of a Chinese Mohammedan Gospel Wagons …………………… 361 – Presbyterian Mission School in ……….. 363 Mosque in ……….•… ,………… 103 – The N ebo "Stake" Tabernacle, Payson .•. 254 Sheldon, Dr. Martha ….•…..•.••…..•.. 273 – Typical VilIage Tithing Yard, Willard …• 253 Smith, Josepb, Bronze Statue <>f. ••••••••••• 249 Weeks, J. H., Doctoring a Crocodile Bite … 179> – President Josepb F., Polygamous Family Western Reserve University, Col1eg€l for of, the Present Head of Mormonism •.•• 256 Women …………………………. 896 Sofia, Monument to Alexander II. and Par- Williamst Channing Moore ……………… 653 liament Buildings ………………… 415 Wooster, Ohio, Severance Library at the – Protestant Church in ……………….. 419 Solomon Islands Bushman ………..•.•..•• 520 University of ……………………. 807 – –.., Mission Schools, Missionary Visiting .. 518 –War Canoe of the ……………….. 519 Wl1chang, City of, Looking Across the Yang· Sun Vat Sen ……………………….. . 117 ste River from Han yang ………….. 109 Zia Hang-eai, Eloquent Chinese Preacher… III AUTHORS PAGE PAGE: BAIRD, ELIZABETH STRANG .••.••.••..••..••• 820 GYAW, HLA •••••••••…•..•••…….•. 294 BAKEMAN, PERCIVAL R.•………………. 123 HALLIWELL, H •••.•••••…………. :. 767 BAKER, A. W. • •••••••••••••…••••.•••••• 428 HANSON, O .••.•.••••.••…•••….•..•….. 291} BARTON, ]AMES L. •••••••••••.••••••••••••• 87 HARSAMJI, ALEX • . • • • . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . . . • . . • 595 BEAMAN, W. F………………………. 108 HARTZELL, JOSEPH C………………….. 769 BEACH, HARLAN P. ……………•..••.••. 45 HAYMAKER, EDWARD M. • ••••.•••..•.•..•••• 807 HENDRIX, E. R. ……………………… 442 BRAIN, BELLE M……… 173, 278, 753, 843, 910 BROUGHTON, W. G ••••••.•••••••••••••••••• 536 HERRICK, GEORGE F. • •••••..••..•••…. 119, 421 CARPENTER, W. B. …………………••. 52 HICKS, HARRY WADE ••••..•••••••••••••••• 843 CARROLL, H. K ••••••..••.•…•••…•••…. 257 HINMAN, GEORGE W. • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • 501 CLARK, FRAN CIS E. …………………… 495 HlNo, MASUMI •••••…..•.•.••.••..•..•..• 647 CLARK, JOHN W. • •••.•…..••.••••••••••• 830 HOLLISTER, GEORGE W. ., ..•…•..•.•.••..• 600 eOAN, FREDERICK G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487 HOUSE, JOHN HENRY •••••.••….••••••.••• 26$ COCHRAN, MRS. JAMES •••••..•••.•.•…••• 135 HUNTER, SrANLEY A. • •••…•.•…••.•..•• 813 CRAWFORD, DAN • / ••••••.•••••.•..••..••••• 532 HUTCHINS, WILLlAM J. . ………….. 167, 521 CURTIS, PIERSON ..••••••••…….••.•••••• 115 INWOOD, CHARLES ••..•…..•…..•..•…•• 851 JARRETT, J. L. …………………… 201, 853 DANNER, W. M. . ……………..•…..•• 208 DEC-Ie, NORTH COTE ••••••••••••.•••••••••••• 518 JOHNSON, HOWARD AGNEW …………….. 937 ERDMAN, CHARLES R. …………………. 567 KELLER, FRANK A. …………………… 327 f'ROST, HENRY W. . ………………….. 134 KERR) ROBERT •.•••••…..•.•••….•. , ….• 407 KIRMICHI, KOZAKI ••.••.• _ . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . .• 661 FULLERTON, W. Y. . ………………….. 378 GALE, JAMES S. ……………………..• 688 KOONS, E. WADE .••••••••••••••••..••.•••• 283 GLAss. FREDERICK C. …………………• 934 LABAREE, MRS. BENJAMIN W. • ••……..•• 578 GLOVER, ROBERT H. . .•.••………….. 585, 678 LEVERING, LEVI •..•.••.•••••••••………. 857 GoOCH, FLORENCE E. • .•…••..•..•.•••••.• 933 LoNG, GEORGE ••..•••••••…•••…•. 586 GoFORTH, MRS. JONATHAN, 529 MASON, MRS. LANDON R •••.••……..•.•.. 376 GoOD, JAMES I ……………………….. 608 McGILLIVRAY, DONALD •.•.•……………. 339 GRACEY, LILLY RYDER ••••.••••…..•..•••• 273 MEYER. LOUIS .•…•….••……•..••…••• 1 GRIFFIS, WILLIAM ELLIOT ••••.•…••••.•..• 653 MILLER, WILLIAM B. …………… 903

PAGE PAGE MORGAN. G. CAMPBELL ..••…•••…•.•••.• 23 SPEER, ROBERT E. . ..•………………•.• 204 MOTT, JOHN R………………………. 454 MYERS, H. W. • •••••••.••..•.•.••.•.•.••• 287 SPENCER, DAYID …………………….. 690 NUTTING, JOHN D. • .•••.••••.••.••••• 241, 355 ODELL, JOSEPH HENRY ……………….. 611 STANDING, P£RCY CROSS ..••.••..•.•••..••• 197 PADDOCK, Mas. JOHN .•••.•..•.•.•..•..•••• 855 STEINER, EDWARD A. •………•…….•.•. 187 PALMER, CAROLIIIE L. …………………• 31 TOML[NSON,_ ROBER'I: ••••••••••••••••••••••• 125 PARSHAD, MASIH ••••••••••••••••••••.••••• 669 TROTTER, MISS I. LILIAS ……………… 582 PETTUS, W. B. ..••••.•••………….••• 103 UPSON,. ARTHUR T. • .••.•..•.• 351, 730, 821, 926 PIERSON, ERNEST DELANCy ••••..•. 193, 369, 458 VAN. Ess, JOHN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735 POLLARD, S. • •••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••• 741 VAN NORDEN, WARNER M ……………… 272 POPOFF, M. N. • •.•••••.••.•••••••••••••••• 412 VENABLE, MRS. W. A. ……………….. 694 RIGGs, CHARLES T. …………………… 17 VERMILYE, MISS ELIZABETH •••••……..••. 855 RIGGs, HENRY H. ••••••••••••••.•••••••••• 815 WATSON, CHARLES R. ………………….. 345 ROBERTS, PHILIP I. …………….•.••••• 181 WATT, MRS. STUART •••••.•••…•..•••.••• 685 ROHOLD, S. B. ………………………. 887 WHITE, STANLEY ••••••••.••.••••••••••••• 895 ROUNDS, MRS. T. C. ………………… 671 WILSON, S. G. •.•..••••…………..•.•.. 57 SMITH, ARTHUR H. • ••..•.•••.•.. 746, 837, 919 W,NTER, NEVIN O. • •••••••.••••.••••••••• 760 SMITH, FLORENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511 YAPLE, G. R. …….. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. … 438 YOUNG, S. HALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61~ ZWEMER, SAMUEL M . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7, 9S, 727, 769 SUBJECTS¥ PAGE PAGE Abyssinia, Death of Menelik Reported 310 Africa, Testimony of a Negro Boy i~ …… 463 – "The Year of Love" in Central (b) Dan Administration, Cost of Missionary……… 379 Crawford ……………………….. 532 Advertising and Missions •••••..•.••….••. 464 – Universities Mission in .•…•..•.•.•••.• 555 – West, New Station Opened in •••••••••.•• 232 Afghanistan, Moslems in ………………. 96 – …:.. British ………………………… 709 – – Islam Aggressive in the Yoruba Country 796 AFRICA, Anti·Moslem Sentiment in..••.•.. 721 – – Signs of Dawn in ………………… 165 – – Waiting for a Teacher in …•••.••• 155, 634 – Boy Preacher …………………….. 709 – Woful Spiritual Needs of ……………. 632 – C. T. Studd goes to ………………… 231 African Boarding-school under Difficulties… ISS – Chief Destroys Objects of Worship …… 873 -~ Central, German Mission at Ujiji. …..•.. 156 African Church, Another Live .•••…•.••.•• 953 – Experience, Stirring Volume of (a) Re- – Delights of Travel in ………………… 636 viewed by Belle M. Brain…………. 173 – Difficulties in Ovamboland………….•.. 232 – Mohammedans and the Gospel, North .•.•• 309 – Pentecost ………….'… .. . . . . .. • .. … 73 – East, Islam Making' Rapid Gains in .•.•..• 635 – "Rush" into the Church …………….. 874 – Savages, Life Among (b) Mrs. Stuart – Evangelizing a Great Agency .•••..••••.• 795 Watt ………………………….. 685 – German East, First Fruits in Ruanda •••• 155 African's Story of the Prodigal Son (b) .•.•• 696 Ainu, John Batchelor, Apostle to the …….. 626 Great Revival in ………..••.•..•.•••• 953 Alaska, Christian Endeavor in ••••……••.. 864 – Islam in ………. .. .. . .. . .. .. • .. • .. .• 309 – Good News from …………………… 545 – Protestant Episcopal Work in .••••..••••• 220 – Kings Baptized in Ovamboland ……….. 310 -Rising Tide in. S. Hall young………. 615 – Teaching the Indians in (a) Robert Tom· – :'>foslem Activity in ………………… 634 Iinson ………………………….. 126 — North, Discarding Islam ……•……… 565 Albania and the Gospel. ……………….. 322 – Missionary Ordered Out of ……….•… 225 – – Methodist Mission Work in. . .. . .. . .. . . 72 – News from •.•………….•……•.•.. 225 – – Outlook in •…….•…………….. 393 – Outlook in ……………………….• 885 Algeria, Emigration of Mohammedan from ••• 395 – – Then and Now ………………… 462 Alliance Mission in Gujerat ••.•••..•..••••• 622 Alone with God (b) John R. Mott ………. 454 – Progress in 1912 ………………….. I Alphabet for India? …………………. 949 "America, a FOTeign Mission Field" .••.•••• 313 – Promising Outlook in ……………… 311 – Results of Missions in …••.•..••.•.•••.. 952 – Rome's Work in ..••.••..•.••….••.•••. 462 – Royal Epistle •.•••….•….. '.' …..••.• 312.

– Shame in Southwest ……………….. 556 – South, Mission in the Gold Mines…….. 636 –Needs of ………………………. 875 – – New Scheme for Evan:;elization in …. 954 – – Problems of the Native Church in (a) H. P. Beach •••.••••….•.••••••.• 45 – – Progress in ……………………. 165 – – Strong Drink and Crime in •…•••••.. 955 – – The Color Line in (a) A. W. BakeT… 428 –The White League ………………. 312 * (a) indicates an article over 3 pages in length; the letter (b) a brief article from one to three pages in length. All other subjects indexed are less than one page in length. The number of the + month when any given artiele appeared may be found by dividing ,the number of the page by 80 and adding 1 to the unit so obtained. For example: page 548. -;. 80 = 6, 1 = 7 (July).

INDEX

PAGE PAGE AMERICA, Chinese Women Students in •••• 220 Bapti~ts, I{U5sians Against . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80l America, .At-ousing the Church in (a) W. B. Barnardo'. Homes, Dr. ……………….. 65 Miller ………………………….. 903 Barol)" David, in America •.•.• '.' ………..• 791 – Christian Work for Orientals in (a) Geo. Batchelor, John, Apostle to the Ainu .•.••..• 626 Battles of a Spiritual Warrior (Arthur T. W. Hinman ………..:…………… 501 – Comlention of Southern Laymen ••.••••••• 390 Pierson) (b) Robert E. Speer …••..• 204 – Cooperative Work for Orientals in ……• 485 Beast, Sacrifice to the ………………… 62 – Dendo-Dan, Japanese in ••••••••••••••••• 790 – Hindu Missionary on the Pacific Coast•••• 792 BeiJiss, Defeat of Superstition .•.•………• 947 – Hosts of Immigrants to …… '.. …….. 789 – Japanese in .'………………………. 792 Beirut Theological Seminary .•…..••••••.. 8S – Meeting Italians as They Land in …….. 789 Belgium and the Kongo …… -. . . . . • • • • • . • •. 462 – Outlook for Unity in ………………. 61 Berea, Kentucky, Revival at ……••.••.•.. 392- – Progress in ………………………… 1 – Revival at Berea, Kentucky…………. 392 Bermuda, Portuguese Becoming Protestants in 221 – Volunteer Movement for Home Missions •• 485 Bible Distribution, Hidden Fruits of, in China 7~ – Was This in Free …………………. 791 – – i n Hunan, China (a) Frank A. Keller.. 327 American Board Celebrating an Anniversary – for the Eskimo ……………………. 544 – for Travelers in Armenia ~"""'''''''''''''''' 782- in India…………………………. (381 – in Bagdad ………………………… 783 – Leper Colony, Visit to an (b) W. M. Dan- – in Russia ………………………… 717 ner ……………………………. 208 – Scenes and Customs in Korean Life. Mrs. – Savages and the Turk ……………… 469 Americans, New, for a New America ••..•.•• 941 W. A. Venable …………………… 694 Among a Forgotten People in Brazil (b) – Societies, Comity Between ……•..•..•.. 862- – Society, World's Greatest… . .•.•••••••.• 65 Frederick C. Glass ……………….. 934 – Teachers' Training School …••……••.. 62- Angola, New Station Opened in …. "……. 72 – Work, American …………………… 713 Anti-Mosiem Sentiment in Africa •••••••••• 721 Bibles for Arab Pilgrims ………………. 385 Apple, Trees in the …………………… 311 Bolivian Missions and Putumayo Indians (b) Arabia, Dr. Zwemer at Jiddah ••••••••••••,•• 469 – God's Hand as I saw it in (a) John Van Percy Cross Standing ……………… 197 Bombay Social Service League ……••.•••• 70S Ess , …………………………… 735 BOOKS ~new) •….. 160, 240, 320, 399, 480, 560- – Islam in …………………………. 98 Arabic Bible, New …………•…•….•.. 148 640, 720, BOO 879 Arabs, Among the Bedouin .••.•….•….. _. 386 Arab Pilgrims, Bibles for ….••••..••.•..••. 385 – Among Central African Tribes. S. J. Corey 239" Arctic Travel-A Parable …….•……….. 538 Armenia, Bible for Travelers in………… 782 – Among Kongo Cannibals. J. H. Weeks.159, 173 – Gideons iJf …………………………. 226 – America, God's Melting Pot. L. C. Craig. 798- Armenians 9iving of Their Poverty ……… 303 – American Social and Religious Conditions. – Two Great-Hearted ………………… 390 Army.and Navy Chaplains Needed ………. 543 Charles Stelzle ., …………….•..• 235 – – – Y. M. C. A. Secretaries for ……•.• 862 – Apa Suka Tuan. J. Angus • . . . . . . . . . • . . .. 638 Arthingtoll's Will, Robert …………….. 386 – Appeal of Medical Missions. R. F. Moors- Articles Worth Reading …….•……….. 240 head ……………………..•……. 960' ASIA, Methodists Work in Southern ……..• 147 – Apostle of the North. Memoirs of Rev. Atlanta's Campaign .against Vice., ………. 629 William Carpenter Bompas. H. A. Cody. 238 – Around the World in Studies and Stories of Presbyterian Missions. C.. E. Bradt, W. R. King, H. W. Reherd …………… 639' .~ Arthur T. Pierson: A Spiritual Warrior, Mighty jn the Scripture. D. L. Pierson. 204- – Banks of the Ganges. C. Morison …….. 479 A USTRALIA, Missionary Progress in…… 801 – Bibliography for Missjonary Students_ H.

– Revival in ………………………… 154 U. Weit'Jrecht. Editor ……………. 719- Australian Board 'of Missions … ", …. ' . " .. 312 – Burma, What Books to read on …•….. ,. 879- Austria, 'ILos von Rom" movement in …. 66. 620 – Call of the New South ………………. 319- – Methodism in ………. .. .. . .. . .. . …. 546' – Call of the World. W. E. Doughty…… 17 Azar;1Ih, V. S;-First Anglican Indian Bishop 145 – Can the World be Won for Christ? N. Baffin Land, Thrilling Experience in (b) W. MacLean·. ……….. ………….. 77 G. Broughton ……………………… 536 – Camp and Tramp in African Wilds. E. Bagdad, Bible in …………………….. 783 Torday …………………………. 478 – Opportuuity for Love in ………….••.. 868 — Canada's Greate;;t Need. E. Rogers…… 799- Balkan War, By-product of the ……. , ….. 547 – Catch-my.-Pal. R. J. Patterson ………. 236- – – Mohammedanism and Christianity (a) – Cantoa Christian College Bulletin …….. 879- J. L. Barton…. ………………. 87 – Children at Play in Many Lands. K. S.

– -. Political and Religious Results of the Hal! ………………………….•• 72Q- (a) C. T. Riggs …………..,' .. . .. 17 – Children of Borneo. E. H. Garnes .. 319, 64.

– -.Zone, Christians in the ….•…….•… 387 – China Mission Year Book. D. McGillivray. 158- Balkans, Missionaries in the War Zone…… 67 – Chinese St. Francis, or The .Life of Bro- – Open Door in the …………. ,…….. 321 ther Mao. C. C. Brown . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . 20110 – Religion and Politics in the .•…. , ….•… 644 – Christian' Education of Women in .the East. 159- Bangkok, Training School at ••••………. 147 – Christian Movement in Japan for 1913. J.

Baptist F. Y. S.• Woman's American ….•… 862 L. Dearing, Editor …………. 877 Baptist.. lot Ru..ia, Difficulties of .•…••••••• 405 – Chri.tianity at Work. C. S. Macfarland .. SSS:

PAGE PAGE Books. Claim of Suffering. E. K. Paget. .. 317 Rooks. Modern Call of Missions. J. S. – Comrades from Other Lands. L. A. Di· Dennis ………………………….. 798 mock ………………………….. 798 – Modern Pioneer in Korea. W. E. Griffis.. 79 – Constructive Quarterly. S. McBee, Editor. 638 – Mortimers. The. J. A. S. Batty ………. 640 – Daily Life in Palestine. A. Forder …… 479 – Muslim Sir Galahad. H. O. Dwight•••.•• 478 – Dry·Dock of a Thousand Wrecks. P. I. – Nathan Sites. S. M. Sites …………… 558 – New America. M. C. and L. C. Barnes .• 798 Roberts ……………………… 78, 181 – New Thrills in Old China. C. E. Hawes .. 55~ – Education of Women in India. H. C. – Notable Women of Modern China. M. E.

Cowan …………………………. 317 Burton •.•..•…••………•.••.•.•••• 557 – Elemental Forces on Home Missions. L. – Ordinary Man and the Extraordinary C. Barnes …………..•.•……….. 238 Thing. H. Begbie …………•……• 79 – English for Coming Americans. Peter – Our Missionary Heritage. A. D. Watson •• 639 – Our Neighbor: The Japanese. J. K. Roberts ………………………… 80 – English Woman's Twenty.five Years in Goodrich ……………………….. 877 – Our Opportunity in China. J. A. S. Batty 319 Tropical Africa …………………. 318 – Parish of the Pines. T. S. Whittles …… 236 – Epoch ~fakers of Modern Missions. A. – Pastor Hsi. G. G. Taylor ••••••.•••.••••• 639 – Pennell of Bannu. A. L……………… 159 McLean ………………………… 398 – Personal Life of David Livingstone. W. – Fight for Life. F. M. Hensley………. 318 – Ghosts of Bigotry. P. C. yorke .•..•••• 639 G. B1aikie •.••……….•………… 240 – Half 'I Century in China. A. E. Moule ..• 278 – Place in the Sun. H. W. Case ……•.•• 478 – Handbook of Modern Japan. E. W. Cle· – Primer of Hinduism. J. N. Farquhar •… 878 ment …………………………… 719 – Progress and Arrest of Islam in Sumatra. – Hinduism~Ancient and Modern. J. A. G. Simon ……………………… , 369 Sharrock ………………………. 719 – Putumayo: The Devil's Paradise. W. E. – Holy Bible ……………………….. 159 – Home Mission Task. V. L. Master …•.. 877 Hardenburg …………………….. 458 – Human Progress Through Missions. J. – Rainbow in the Rain. J. C. Cochran…. 160 L. Barton •.••••..•… , .••……•.•… 239 – Hundred Years of Missions. D. L. Leon- – Revivals of Religion. C. G. Finley…….. 879 – Scarlet Woman. I. M. Haldeman …….. 720 ard •…………………………… 559 – Shantung, the Sacred Province of China, – Immigrant: An Asset and a Liability. F. in Some of its Aspects. R. C. Forsyth. 157 J. Harkin ……….. , …………… 799 – Some Immigrant Neighbors. J. R. Henry. 80 – Immigrant Forces: Factors in the New De- – Sorrow and Hope of the Egyptian Sudan.

mocracy. W. P. Shriver .•..••••••••.• 799 C. R. Watson ……………… : ….. 639 – Indian Unrest. V. Chirol …•………… 959 – In the Heart of Savagedom. Mrs. S. Watt. 685 – South Mobilizing for Social Service. J. – Inside View of Mission Life. A. L. Baird. 800 – Islam Lands. Nubia, The Sndan, Tunisia E. McCullock ………………….. 878 – Spiritual Culture and Social Service. C. S. and Algeria. M. H. Shoemaker . . . . . . 318 – Isle of Edin. J. D. Duggan …………. 237 MacFarland .:…………………… 720 -Just Before the Dawn. R. C"Armstrong .. 193 – Steep Ascent. E. E. Entwistle ………• 638 – King's Business. M. W. Raymond .•.•… 798 – Struggle for Christian Truth in Italy. G. – Land of the New Guinea Pigmies. C. C. Luzzi ……..•………•..•……..•. 637 Rawling ……•.••……..•.••..•.•. " 477 – Sunshine and Shadow on the Tibetan Bor· – Land of the Peaks and the Pampas. Jesse der. F. B. Shelton ………………. 559 Page ………••………..•.•.••..•.. 637 – Survey of the Missionary Occupation of – Life of Arthur Jackson of Manchuria. A. China. T. Cochrane ……………… 797 J. CosIan ………………………… 79 – Theosophy and the Coming Christ. E. R.

– Life of G. L. Wharton. E. R. Wharton .. 479 McNeile ……………………….. 877 – Livingstone, David. C. S. Horne .••.••.. 239 – Thinking Black. Dan Crawford ••…. 397. 521 – Livingstone, David. Vautier Golding ..•. 240 – Three Men on a Chinese Houseboat. W. – Lotus Buds. A. Wilson·Carmichael. •….• 639 – Men and Religion Messages •..•…•….. 77 Munn …………………………. 239 – Men Who Were Found Faithful. R. E. – True Evangelism. L. S. Chafer………. 558 – Twenty·five Years in Qua Iboe. R. L. Speer ………………………….. 238 – Mexico To·day. G. B. Winton ••………• 960 McKeown ………………………. 477 – Mexico: What to Read on …•….••.••.• 800 – Twenty Years of Pionner Missions in Ny· – Millennial Dawnism. I. M. Haldeman ••.• 720 – ' Missionary Campaign. W. S. Hooton .•.• 238 a'sal.nd. J. T. Hamilton •..•……•.•. 558 – Missionary Ex.plorers Among the American – Veiled Mysteries of Egypt, and the Reli· Indians. M. G. Humphries ……•..•.• 800 gion 01 Islam. S. H. Leeder………. 397 – Missiouary Methods, St. Paul's or Ours. – Way of Honor. Henry Kingman ….•••. 558 – West·Pointer in the Land 01 the Mikado. R. Allen ……………………….. 557 – Missionary Study Principles. G. T. Man. L. D. Garst ..••…….•..••…..•..• 559 – What Next in Turkey. D. B. Eddy •••• 960 ley …………………………….. 159 – World's Student Christian Federation. Lake – Missions in Latin America ……………. 879 Mohonk Conference, 1913…..•…….•. 878 – Missions: Their Rise and Development. L. – Year Book of Missions in India, Burma Creighton ……•……………..•.•• 77 and Ceylon, 1912. J. P. Jones ……•.. 158 Booth's Latest Scheme, General •••..••..•. 865 Borden, William Whiting ……………… 75 – – – Ideal Missionary Volunteer (a) Charles R. Erdman ……………… 567

INDEX

PAGE PAG& Boxer Rebellion, Bible and the ….•.••….• 229 China, Education in …………………. 82 Boys, Student Movement Work among••..•• 562 – Educational Changes in ..••……….•• 805 Brahman became a Christian, How a .•.••••• 299 – Enlarged Work in …………………. 70 Brahmans's Also Awakening in India, Are the. 802 – Eventful Year in New (a) Arthur H. Smith 746 Brainerd's Words of Devotion •.••…••.•••• 688 – Famine Feared in …•…………..•.•• 704 Bra2il, Among a Forgotten People in (b), – Five Foreign Forces at Work in ……… 272 Frederick C. Glass ………………… 934 – Four Languages in Rivalry .•…….••..• 3i9 – Inquiries in ………………………. 715 – Free Church of ……………………. 786 – Strange Outcome of Persecution in……. 945 – From Benighted Hunan •.•………••.. 305 'Brent, Bishop, on Immigration …………. 714 – From Soothsayer to Colporteur ………. 230 Brother Mao: A Chinese St. Francis <a) …. 209 – Good Work in …………………….. 5·51 Brotherhood of Man .•…….•..••…….. SS8 – Government and Religion in …………. 217 Brown Children, Song of the (poem) …..• 917 – Great and Impressive Gatherings in ……. 787 Buddhism …………………………… 649 – Great Demand for the Bible in…..••… 703 Buddhist Missionaries Active •…•.•••.•..• 545 – Growth of a Quarter Century ..•..••..•.. 38;, Buddhists Imitating Christian Methods in – Hawaiian Missionaries for …………… 153 Japan ………………………….. 307 – Hidden Fruits of Bible Distribution in… 70 Bulgaria, Bible in …………………… 150 – How the Day of Prayer was Kept in….. 624 – Pomaks becoming Christians ………… 322 – How the Gospel Reached an Island in ….. 871 – Revival in ……•.•…..•…………•• 467 – Inland Mission Growth …………..•.. 946 – Situation in …….••.•..•.•..•……… 722 -John R. Mott in …………………… 481 – The Youngest Kingdom (a) M. N. Popoff. 412 – John R. Mott and Eddy Among the Stu· Burma, Conversion of Mos]ems in ………. 550 dents of (b) …………………….. 525 – One Hundred Years in ……………… 801 – Large Place for Mission Schools in…… 787 Business for God, In …………………. 58 – Largest Missionary Parish …………… 229 Cairo-Mecca-Constantinople (a) S. M. Zwe· – Lights and Shadows in ……….•.•••••• 643 mer . …….. ……….. … ….. …… 7 – Makers of the New ……………….. 872 Calabar Country, In the ………………. 634 – Men and Religion Party in …………•.. 551 CaHfornia on Missions in Japan, Influence of. 699 – Merchants and Missionaries in. . . . . . . . . . .. 472 Campaign for Home and Foreign Missions, – Missions in …………….. : …••….•• 141 Plans for the United (a) W. B. Miller .• 903 – Mixed Religion in …………………. 725 Canada, Mormon Invasion of ••••….••…•• 152 – Most Popular Book in …….•….••••.. 785 – Jews in ………………………….. 944 – Needs of a Single Province in ………… 5S() – Progress Toward Union in … . . . . .. . . . . . . 6 -New Alphabet and a New Vocabulary …. 550 Canada's Immigration Problem ………… 63 – – President and P,rliament …………. 949 Canadian Fruit of the Laymen's Movement.. 63 ~ – Woman in …………………….. 703 Canal Zone, Another Side of Life in the…. 864 – Observations in Japan, Korea and (a) C. Canton Christian College ••..•••.••.•….•.• 143 L. Palmer ……………………… 31 – Transformation of …………………. 564 Cape Colony, Cooperation in …………… 73 – of To·day ……………………..•.. 482 Catch My Pal Movement …………….. 791 – One of the Surprizes of Inland-Nosuland Cebu, Churches Wrecked in •..•……….•• 154 Central America, Conditions in •………… 223 (a) S. Pollard …………………… 741 Ceylon, Mission Centenary in ….•..•…..• 548 – Opium and Religion in …….•.•…•••.. 883 Chaplains Needed, Army and Navy………. 543 – Organizing a Y. M. C. A. in Yunnanfu •.• 473 Changing the Unchangeable in China (a) A. – Praying and Working in …………….. 142 – Preaching Christ in the Temple of Heaven. 383 H. Smith ….•….•…•..•………… 919 – Present Conditions of Missionary Work in Chicago, World in ……………………. 219 Child Wives of India • _. . . . . • . . . . • . • . • . . .. 300 Western (a) W. F. Beaman ……•..•.. 108 Children, CaU of Moslem (a) J. C. Hartzell – I'rogress in ……………………….. 1 – Revival in North •..•….•……….••.. 472 and S. M. Zwemer ••.•………••….. 769 – Revival in Southwest …………….•.. 242 Children's Gifts to Missions ..••………… 315 – Revival in West ………………….. 564 China about to become Christian, Is …•…. 618 – Revival of Confucianism in ………….. 243 – and Japan Recognizing the Power of Chris· – Roman Catholic Church in …..•…..••. 702 – Russian OrthodoK Church in ……..••.• 143 tianity ••••..•..•….•…….••..•.••. 401 – Significant Changes in …….. .r……… 141 – Burning Lepers in …•..•.•••…..•….. 306 – Singapore Praying for ……………… 711 – Changes in Two Provinces in ••.••.••…. 625 – South, Activity in ……••…….•…•.• 704 – Changing Conditions in •..•.••….•••..• 139 – Step Toward Independence ………•..•. 305 – Changing the Unchangeable in (a) A. H. – Striking Contrast ………………•…. 703 – Strange Prayer Meeting in ..••…….•.•. 950 Smith ….••….•…….•..••.•……•• 919 – Student Conversion in ……………… 804 – Christian Church in (a) Arthur H. Smith. 837 – Successful Fortnight ……………….. 304 – – in the Cabinet in ……………….. 471 – Sun Yat Sen and the Awakening of (b) – – Influence at Work in ……………. 870 Pierson Curtis …………………… 115 – – Literature for ………………….. 472 – Temperance far Children in •.••…••••• 625 – Christian Officials in Kwangtung •…….. 701 – Three Signs in New ……………….. 563 – Church.Union Movements in ………….. 141 – Tug.with·all·yaur·Might Society .•….•… 305 – Civilized Nations Obstructing Civilization – Union School for Children of Missionaries in ……………………………… 882 in ……………………………… 2;19

PAGE PAGE: China, Victories Gained for the Gospel in 879 Christianity, the Religion for Japan •….•… 65() Christians, Indian ……………………. 228 – What I Saw in. Stanley A. Hunter •••••• 813 Christmas Programs, Missionary Suggestions – Wholesale Burning of Idols in •••••••••. 143 for <a) Belle M. Brain ………… : … 91() Church Awake? Is the ………………… 53~ – Woman Suffrage in …………………. 305 – M; E. Some Encouraging Figures……. 79~ – What Missions do for a …………….. 378 – Women's Convention in •••••••••••••••. 625 – Which Means Business ……………… 23~ Citizenship Movement, World's …………. 151 – Work of Grace in North Honan. Mrs. J. Clues to the Contents ………………… gg() Coillard's Gift, Francois ••••••••••••••.•..• 133 Goforth •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .. • • • .. • • • • • •• 529 Collection, National Missionary ••.•…..••.• 866 College in Turkey, New Christian •••••••••• 707 – Year of the Republic in …………….. 3 Colombian Mission, Progress. in a John L.

– Yuan Shih Kai and the Y. M. C. A …… 243 Jarrett …………………………… 85~ Comity Plan for Home Missions ………… 942 – Y. M. C. A. Convention in …………… 229 Conference, Officers Foreign Missions ……. 218 Confucianism ………………………… 648 – Y. M. C. A. in Hongkong …………… 473 Confucianism as a State Religion ••..•.•••. 9S() – in China, Revival of ……………….. 24~ China's Christian AmDassador ………….. 950 Congregational Reorganization •••••.••••••• 942 Constantinpole–Cairo-Mecca(a) S. M. Zwe- China's Day of Prayer, One Observance of. .. 545 mer •………… ,. ..•……….. ….. 7 – Fierce War on Opium ……………… 383 – College …………………………… 547 – Relief Work from …………………. 468 – Greatest Need ……………………. 384 Constantinople College ………………… 948 Convention, Memphis Home Mission •..•… 166 -New Alphahet ……………………. 142 Conventions in Store. Fifty Missionary ••••. 218 Cooperation in Cape Colony .••••••••••••••• 73 – New Women, One of ………………. 228 – in the Philippines, Church ••••.•••••••••• 313 Coptic Church of To-day ………………. 461 – Religions Fail, How. Mrs. James Coch· Cost of Missionary Administration ……•… 37~ – of Religion •………•……………… 734 ran . . . . . . . . . . . 135 0 • • • • • • • • • • • • • 0 • • • • • 0 ••• Country Towns, Good Plan for …•……… 619 Crawford, Dan ..••.•.•……………….. 55'> – Self-Government Begun ………..•….. 402 – – On Trees in the Apple ………….. 311 Critics, An Answer to …………………. 539 – Spiritual Outlook …………………. . 69 Crime and Strong Drink in South Africa .•.. 955 Crowther Memorial, Bishop …….•.••.•… 395 – Taoist Council ……………………. . 474 Cuba, Presbyterian Church in •••.••••..•… 222 Daudi Chwa in London ………………. 793 Chinese Advertisements, Some ………… . 786 _ King, of Uganda, in England .•……•.. 636 Deaconesses in India, Heathen …………. 382 – Bandits Capture Missionaries ……….. . 950 DEATHS. – Bible DiStribution in Hunan (a) Frank – Abrams, Minnie D., of India………… 156 – Adams, Joseph S., of China .•……….. 156 A. Keller …………………….. .. 327 – Bergin, G. Fred, of Bristol …………. 75 – Bezjian, Prof. H. Alexan, of Armeai….. 476- – Bible in English Letters ……………. . 303 – Boggs, Dr. W. B., of India ………….. 718 – Borden, William Whiting. …….. . . . • . .• 39~ – Christian Leadership ••••….•.•…..•.. 482 – Butier, Mrs. William ……………….. 876 – Christian, Remarkabl~ .••……•…….. 701 – Duta, Henry Wright, of Uganda .•.•…… 718 – Easton, P. Z., of Persia••••••• , •…….. 958 – Christians, Zeal of ..••.••………•….. 305 – Forbes, Robert ……………………. 95S – Gates. Dr. Goo. A., of Fisk…………. 76 – Church at Peking ………………… . 142 – Gay, Dr. TeofiJo, of Italy …•………… 23.4 – Graybill, Mrs. A. T., ot' Mexico ………. 476 – Church, Statistics of the •……..•.•…. 69 – Greene, Rev. Daniel C., of Japan ……..• 87& – Handmann. Senior' Missionary. . • . . . . . . . .. 234 – Colporteur, Blind …………………. . 230 – Kahler, Professor Martin ……………. 234 – Faith and Works ………………….. . 282 – Karmarkar, Rev. S. V.. of India…….. 1& – Kluge, Director H. J. . …………….. 234 – "Free Church" ……………………. 70 – Lane, H. N., of Brazil. ……………. 47& – Mansell, William Albert, of India…….. 396 – Girls, Modem …………………….. 304 – Meyer, Dr. Louis …….'…•………… 566 – Ogden, Robert C., of New york ……… '9& – Government and Opium .••••………… 383 – Phraner, ·Rev. WilsC>n ……••.•…•…… 391£. —-.. Riggs, Edward, of Turkey …… ~ …….. . – Idols in a Bonfire ………………….. 752 – Immediate Conversion Among the (b) Belle M. Brain …•..••….•..•..••.•.••…. 278 – Magazines for Women. 786 0 •••••••••••••••••• – Mohammedanism (b) W. B. Pettus •.••…. 103 – Preacher's Institute (b) ·Percival R. ·Bake.

man …••……………•…••….•••. 124 ~ Prison, Chapel in a ………………… 950 – Prisons, Christian Teaching in ……….. 474 – Republic and Missions ……………… 141 – Republic as a Mission Field (a) Donald McGillivray ..•…………………•.. 339 …..c. Republic, Moslems in the ..••.••…•…•. 97 – Senator, Another Christian •………… 471 – Student Volunteers ….••••…….. 304, 805 – Temples. Utilizing …………………. 231 – Women, Critical Time for •.•••……….. 871 – Women Students in America •..•…•…. 220 Christ, Cross of (a) G. C. Morgan………. 23 Christian Endeavor, From Hinduism to ….. 623 – – in Alaska ………………………. 864 – – in Egypt ……………………….. 72 – – in Japan and Korea ……………… 626 – – i n Micronesia …………………… 74 – – Society, Moslem …………………. 301 – How I Became a (b) Masih Parshad••.••. 669 – Prince in Israel (Louis Meyer) <a) Mrs.

T. C. Rounds ……………………. 671 Christianity, Balkan War, Mohammedanism and (a) James L. Barton ………….. 87 – a Universal Religion ……………….. 939

INDEX

PAGE PAGE 'Deaths. Roe, Walter C., of Oklahoma 395 Germany, leAn Epoch in Mi~sion History" .. 467 – and Missions ……………………… 620 _ SeveranceJ Louis H., of New york ….. 718 – Christian Status …………. ;………. 149 _ Sheldon, Dr. Martha, of Tibet……….. 76 – Exodus from Rome in ……………… 620 – Great School of Languages..•.•.••…•••• 224 – Smiley, Albert K., of Mohonk……….. 76 – Religious Conditions in .•….•..•.•.••••• 806 – Sabbath Neglect in ……. "………….. 867 – Terry, Dr. Erna, of China .•••••..•.••. 958 Gideons of Armenia……….. . .. • • . .. • .. •• 226 Gift to Charity, Great …………………. 865 -Thoms, Sharon J., of Arabia …………. 234 Gifts at Swanwick ……………………. 865 – to Missions, Children's ……..•…..••.• 315 Debt to Humanity, Our……………….. 60 Giving to Missions, Excused from ……….. 494 Glory of the Impossible (b) Miss 1. Lilias Deficits Reported, Serious……………… 619 Trotter …………………………. 582 Disciples and Missionaries……………… 56 God·Prayer-Man-Missions. Henry W. Frost .• 134 God's Hand as I Saw it in Arabia (a) John Donations Received …………………… 217 Van E………………………….. 735 Dream, Converted by a……………….. 707 Gospel the Real Reforming Force……….. 143 Great Britain, Mormonism in …………••. 149 Dutch East Indies, Unoccupied Fields in .. 956 –Movement Toward Unity in ……….. 388 Greece, Mission Work in ……………..•.• 468 East, Convictions of the. J. S. Gale ……. 689 Greek Church, Reform in the ………….. 163 – Orthodox Church in Russia (a) Nevin O. Eddy and Mott in Bombay…………….. 145 Winter …..•….•……..•.•…••.•.• 760 Education in Japan, Emphasis Laid upon ..•• 788 Greene, Rev. D. c., Japan Honors………. 788 Educational Changes in China…………… 805 Guatemala Conditions (a) Edward M. Hay- EGYPT, America's Contribution to (a) Fran· maker …..••………….•.•…•..••• 807 cis E. Clark……………………… 495 – Idolatry in………………………… 223 – and the Barbary States. Zwemer's Visit – Preacher as Minister to ……………. 945 to Belbeis ………………………… 461 Haiti, Missions in …………………….. 221 "Hands-Across-the-Sea" ……………….. 384 – Christian E;ndeavor in………………. 72 Hawaiian Missionaries for China ………… 153 – Dr. Zwemer's Work in ………………. 308 – Missions, Fifty Years of…………….. 790 – Islam in …………………………. 98 Heart of the Problem …………………. 377 – Missionary Value of a Printing Press in. 633 "Heathen" Happy? Are the ……………• 611 – Prayer for …….•…•••….•………• 393 Heathen World, Picture of the …………. 289 – Progress of Education in……………. 85 Hedin, Sven ………………………… 740 – Women's Education in ……………… 632 Hell's Half Acre, Preaching the Gospel in Egyptian Schools, Bibles in……………. 462 Elat, Amazing Growth Continues in .•••… 953 (a) George Long ………………….. 587 England, Strangers in ………………… 546 Himalayas, Missionary Life in the (b) Lilly – Laymen's Conference in •••..••••.•••.• 885 Episcopal Missions, 'Growth of ….•.••…• 951 Ryder Gracey ……. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 273 Eskimo, Bible for the…………………. 544 Hindu Girls, Union Training of ………•••• 381 EskimosJ Blonde …………………….. 466 – Missionary on the Pacific Coast, America.. 792 Europe, Progress in…………………… 1 Hinduism, Stronghold of……..•…•.. 470, 704 Evangelism as a Means to Reform……… 435 – to Christian Endeavor, From ………… 623 – Good Plan for Summer……………… 629 Holy Spirit, Bible Teachings About the ….• 618 Evangelization in South Africa ………… 954 Home and Foreign Missions, Joint Campaign Expense, Missions and Current. ..•••….•.. 790 Factors in Missions Four ……… "….. _. .. 138 for …………………………….. 380 – Missions, Comity Plan for …….•……. 942 j – Mission Work, Great …………•…•..• 149 – Missionary Methods for Workers at (a) Facts for Fuel……………………….. 698 Famine Feared in China ……………….. 704 Miss Belle M. Brain ………………. 753 Federal Council in Chicago……………. 61 – Missions' Council …….. • ………… 218 –Plans of the ……………………. 219 – – Volunteer Movement for ………….. 485 Federated Forces in Japan ……………•• 244 – – Week, Annual ………………….. 542 Federation in Porto Rico ………………. 792 – Workers, Ne'W Ideas for …………….. 726 Figueras Evangelhtic Mission, Spain …….. 388 Horton's Impressions "f India. Dr…….•• 469 Fiji of To-day ……………………….. 541 Hospital, At the "All Pervading-Love" (b) – Population of …………………….. 541 – The Lotu in ………………..•…•.•• 632 Florence E. Gooch ……………….. 933 – Then and Now in …………………. 313 How a Governor in Siam Found Christ (b) Filipino Church ……………………… 712 – Policy, American …………………. 955 H. A Johnson …………………… 937 For All Thy Missionary Saints. (Poem.) Hungary and in the United States, Hun- Elizabeth S. Baird ………………. 386 garian Protestants in. Alex. Harsamji. 595 Forder. Archibald ……………………. 386 Immediate Conversion Among the Chinese Foreign Missions, How to Further………. 467 – – Joint Campaign for Home and…….. 380 (b) Belle M. Brain ……………….. 278 –Pay? Do ……………………… 600 Immigrants-The Melting Pot of the Nations. Formosa, Synod of .•….•………..•…• 486 – Open-air Preaching in …………….. 956 (a) Edward A. Steiner ……………. 187 France, MeAll 'Mission in …………….• 65 – Flood of …………………………. 941 – Methodism in ….••.•……………..• 389 – to America, Hosts of……………….. 789 – Protestant Activity in ……………… 794 – Temperance Law. in ……………….. 946 Free Church Missions in a Nutshell…….. 224 – Preacher as Minister to .••..••.•.••••• 945 German Princess as a Missionary………. 946

PAGE :PAGE Inasmuch Miss-ion, Philadelphia, Story of the Indhn Empire, Christian Progress in the (b) (a) George Long…………………• 587 O. Hanson ………………………. 290 INDIA American Board Celebrating an Anni- – Pastor's District .•…•.•.•…•…•….. 69 versary : ………..••…………….. 381 – Patriotism for the ………………….. 944 – Population, Our …………………… 544 _ Alphabet for …….•………………• 949 – Student Conference ………………… 147 – Among the Bhils in………………… 228 – Students Organize ………………..•. 404 – ..re the Brahmas Also Awakening in …. 802 – What the Bible Did for an …………… 705 – Awakening in Western ……………… 622 – Women Studying Medicine …………..• 470 – Bell as Missionary ………………….. 300 Indians, American, and the Gospel (a) John _ Centennial of Missions In…………… 869 _ Change from Hate to Love ………….• 297 W. Clark ………………………. 830 – Child Wives of ……………………. 300 – in Alaska, Teaching the (a) Robert Tom- _ Christian Congress. in………………. 5 – Christian Unity m …•••••…..•…….• 404 linson ………………………….. 125 _ _ W()Tk for Women in …………….. 145 India's Christians at Work …………….. 548 Infidel Converted ……………………. 716 _ Christianity as Revealed by the Census in. 68 International Missionary Inquiry………… 467 _ Christward Movements in……………. 644 Irish Protestants Opposed to Home Rule …• 946 —' Compulsory Segregation of Lepers in …. 382 ISLAM Aggressive in the Yoruba Country … 796 – Councils of Missions in ••…………… 948 – and Easy Divorce ………………….. 554 _ Conference, Dr. Mott's ……………… 226 – Blight of .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 704 – Converts Refuse to March on Sunday … 471 – Change of Front in…………………. 161 – Dr. Horton's Impressions of …………. 469 – in Africa………………………….. 309 – Expulsion Results in Conversions in, …. 785 – in Sumatra, Christianity vs. Ernest D. – Great Host of Widows in ……………. 470 – Heathen Deaconesses in …………….. 382 Pierson ……………………….••• 369 – Homes for Children of British Descent. .. 299 -is Lacking, Where …………………. 621 – in the Interest of Missions, Conferences – Making Rapid Gains in East Africa ……. 635 – North Africa Discarding ……………… 565 in ……………………………… 364 – Present Struggle with ……………….. 394 – Incidents of Mission Life in ………… 470 – Religious Status of …………………. 781 – Living Epistles in………………….. 869 Israel, Christian Prince in (Louis Meyer) – Mass Movement in ………………… 83 – – – in Hyderabad ………………… 470 (a) Mrs. T. C. Rounds ……………. 671 – Mission Schoolboys in………………. 68 – Present Condition of (a) S. B. Rabold … 887 –Work, New Step in ………………. 705 Italy, Change of Sentiment in …………… 947 – Missionary Life in the Himalayas (b) – Modernists in …………………….. 562 – Protestantism in ………………….•. 867 Lilly Ryder Gracey·……………….. 273 JAPAN Agnosticism in ………………. 475 – Mohammedan Educational Conference ….. 227 – and China Recognizing the Power of – Moslem Unrest in ……… _…………. 162 – Moslems in ………………………• 96 Christianity ••…………………•… 401 – Native Missions Society …………….. 298 – Before the Dawn in (b) Review by Ernest – Notable Methodist Ingatherings ………• 949 – Opium and Farming in …………….. 884 Delancy Pierson …………………. 193 – Plans for the Future of …………….. 241 – Power of the Gospel in……………… 146 – BW°Il:. ~~~~i~~.. ~'•..'::i~l.i~~~: .. ~~ .. ~:~ 653 – Progress in ……………………….. 1 – – Seen in One District in………….. 68 – Buddhists Imitating Christian Methods in. 307 – Salvation Army Work in …………….. 297 – Changed Conditions in………………. 403 – Self-Supporting Hospital in …………… 784 – Chapter in the History of Christianity in – Signs of Promise in……………….. 242 – Social Legislation in ……………….. 548 (a) Kozaki Kirmichi ……………… 661 – Some Specimen Evangelists ………….. 298 – Christ in the Slums of (b) H. W. Myers. 286 – Sorabji School in …………………… 706 – Christian Work for Students in………. 724 – Test of Christian Doctrine …………… 622 – Christianity in …………………….. 474 – Training·school for Workers in ………. 785 – Disastrous Fire in Tokyo ……………. 475 – Trials of a Christian in. H. Halliwell ….• 767 – Emphasis Laid Upon Education in …….. 788 – Union for Central. …………………. 483 -Family Worship in …………………. 71 – United Theological College at Bangalore .. 297 – Federated Forces in …………………. 244 – Unreached Classes in ……………….. 623 – Gospel for Unrest in ……………….. 724 – Woman Question in …………………. 300 – Honors Dr. Greene …………………. 788 – Women Students and tbe Student Move· – Important Questions in …………….. 641 – Influence of California on Missions in … 699 ment in …………………………. 549 – Korea and China, Observations in (a) – Work for Low Castes in …………….. 705 Indian Bishop, First Anglican………….. 145 C. L. Palmer ..•……………….•.. 31 – Christians ………………………… 228 – Mott Conferences in………………… 566 – – Would Know, What …………….. 622 – New Era for ………………………. 244 – Does it Pay to Christianize the. Levi – Poverty in •••…….••………….•••. 553 – Present Situation in (b) David Spencer.• 690 Levering ………………………..• 857 – Progress in …..•………………..•. 1 – – of a Generation in ……………… 951 – Recent Progress in…………………. 84 – Religious Condition in ……………… 326 – – Statistics of ……………………. 699

INDEX

l"AGE l"AGS Japan Schools no Longer Non-Religious ….. 626 Korea, First General Assembly in……….. 5 – Seeking a Religion ..•..••••.•….•..•.. 951 – How a Fortune was Lost in •..•.•..•.•• 552 – Service a Christian Idea in ………….. 872 – Student Religion in ……………….. 71 – Japanese in ………………………. 627 – Superstition in ……………………. 553 – Leading Japanese Christians in •••••..•.• 788 – to Become a Christian Nation? Ought (a) – Missionaries and Japanese in ………..•• 861 Masumi Hino ……………………. 647 -to Win the Orient, Win …………….. 787 – New Lines of Work in ………………. 700 – Union Christian College for …………. 652 – Odd Missionary Collections ……….••• 872 – Women's Work in …………………. 552 Japanese and Koreans ……… ,……….. 59 – Outlook in ……………………….• 627 – Christians, Increase of …………….. 70 – Dendo-Dan in America …………….. 790 – Sunday-school Commission in ……….• 701 – Enlightenment …….•……………… 474 – Home, Christian …………………… 307 Korean Bible Class, Large ………….•.• 873 – in America ……………………….. 792 – Christian, Third Trial for ………..•.•• 553 – in America, Mission Work for……….. 63 – in Korea …………………………. 627 – Christian Woman …………………. 554 – Layman ………………………….. 144 – Christians, Trial of Cb) A Statement by the – Pastorate, Notable …..•……………. 144 – Presbyterian Chief Justice …………… 144 Protestant Missionaries in Korea …….. 39 – Side of the Korean Question…………. 71 – Statesman. Testimony of a …………… 307 – Colporteur, Pak ……..•…………… _ 44 – Tribute, Intere.sting ………………… 700 – Woman's Work ……………………. 307 – Conspiracy Case ……•.•.. _……….. , 384 – Women Like? What are …………… 699 – Women, Notable ………………….. 872 – Converted During the Trial •••••….•… 385 – Y_M.C.A. Secretary ………………… 63 – Foreign Mission …………………•.• 385 Japan's Christian University …………… 788 Jamaica, Religious Census of …………… 223 – Heroes, Some Obscure (b) E. Wade Koons 283 Janvier, Dr. C. A. R., to Return to India .. 544 – Life, Bible Scenes and Customs in. Mrs. Java, a Destitute Field ……………… _.. 631 – Mothodist Work in …………………. 631 W. A. Venable …………………… 694 – Moslem Colporteur in ………………. 712 – Missionary to China ……………….. 952 Jerusalem, Opposition in ………………. 708 Jewish People and Missionary Effort (a) S. – Question, J .panese Side of the …….. _.. 71 B. Rohold •……•……………….. 887 – Reference Bible ………….•…• _.•..• 475 Jews Burned to Death ……………….. 794 – Saloon-Keeper, Conversion of a ………. 308 – in Canada ………………………… 944 – in Palestine ………………………. 782 – Trials, Final Outcome of ….•…. _.•..• 951"

– in Russia ………………………… 546 – – More About the _……………….. 140 – Rumania's Treatment of the………….. 794 Joint Campaign for Home and Foreign Mis- – View of Japan's Policy in Korea ..•..•.• 450 sions ..•………………………..• 380 Koreans are Taught, What ….. _……… _ 144 Judson Centenary ……………………. 298 – Going as Missionaries ……………… 701 – Centennial, Plans for the ……………. 298 – Japanese and ……….. _.. . . .. . . .. . .. . • 59 Kaiser Becomes Teetotaler ……………. 947 Korea's Foreign Missions ……………… 789 Karens of Burma, Power of the Gospel Among the. Hla Gyaw ……………. 294 – Work of Foreign Missions ..•…..••..• 627 Kennedy School of Missions ……•…….. 862 Kumamoto Band in Retrospect (a) Kozaki Khama's New Church …….. "……….. 955 Kirmichi . . . . . . . . . . . . 661 0 •• 0 •••• 0 •••••••• Khutba on the Birth of the Prophet Cb) Ar- Kwangtung, Christian Officials in .0 •.•• ··•·• 701 thur T. Upson ………………….. 351 Language Schools for Missionaries …….. . 624 Latin America, Interest in 0.·.·.·········· 392 Known by their Fruits ……………….. 277 – – Mohammedans in …………. – ….. . 64 Kongo Atrocities, Reform in •…….. _. . .. 645 Laymen, An Appeal from the ……..•..•..• 139 – Belgium and the ……………………. 462 – Success on the ……………………. 953 – on a World's Tour ………………… . 151 – Cannibals, Pioneering among Ca) Reviewed Laymen's Conference in England ………. . 885 by Belle M. Brain …………………. 173 – Movement, Canadian Fruit of the ……. . 63 – for Christ …•…………………….. 231 – Lan~age Difficulty, New …………… 635 LEPER Asylum in Siam …………….. . 147 – MillIons Hungry for the Word in the …. 874 – New Mission on the ………………. 73 – Colony, Visit to an American (b) W. M. – Phenomenal Achievement in the ….. _. . .. 462 Danner ………………………… . 208 – Protestant Influence on the ………….. 795 Kon~oland, How ~he Gospel Advances in…. 874 – Marcus the (b) Mrs. Landon R. Mason .• 376 – Ltquor Traffic tn …•………•……… 484 KOREA J and China, Observations in Japan (a) – Once a Missionary, Now a ………. · … . 784 C. L. Palmer •…………………… 31 Lepers in China, Burning .. 0 ••••••••• 0 ••••• 306 – Christian Growth in ……………….. 642 – in India, Compulsory Segregation of ….. . 382 – Christian Leaders Visiting ………….•. 230 Leprosy in Paraguay ……………….. .. 630 – Convictions of the East. J. S. Gale…… 689 "Let Down Your Nets" (Poem) ……….. . 449 – Examination of Converts in ………•.•. 475 – Eager for the Gospel in …•.•..•…•••. 700 Limiting God ……………………… 0 •• 859 72 ~T~:ffi~n~n~iJs~~~~.:::::::::::::::::: :::: 709 – Traffic in Kongoland ……….•..•…..• 484 Literature for Oriental Women ………… . 703 – Missionary-How to Secure Readers (a) Belle M. Brain …………..•…•….• 753 Livingstone Centenary ……………….. . 215 – Lessons from the Life of (a) William J. Hutchins …..•… _….•…….•…… 167 – Memorial Station ………….•..•…… 620 Livingstone's Achievements, Some of ……. . 555 – "Faithful Nasik Bovs" …………….. . 954 Livingstonia Mission, Marvelous ……….. . 74 – $25.000 for ………………………. . 463 – Bearers Still Living, One of …………. . 711 Lord's Prayer as a Missionary Document (b) Joseph Henry Odell ……………. .. 611 "Los Von Rom'" Movement in Austria … 0 •• 66 Luebo, Day at …. _………………….. . 709 Medieval Worship and Christian Missions .• 957

! FAG!: PAGB Macedonian Problem and Missions (a) John Mormonism To·day and Its Remedy (a) John -Henry House ……………………. 265 D. Nutting …………………… 247, 355 Madagascar, French Opposition to the Gospel Mormons, Mission Workers Wanted Among.. 256 in ……………………………… 464 Morocco, Division of …………………. 72 – New Regime in (a) Robert Kerr…..••.•• 407 – Latest from .•••………••…….•…… 711 -Work in …………………………. 163 – Martyr's Memorial in ………………. 636 MOSLEM Activity in Africa ………… 634 – New Clerical Law in ………………. 803 – Appeal Against Christianity •.•….•….• 302 – Religious Liberty for •••••.•..••…….. 6 Malaysia, Progress in …………………. 1 – Children, Can of (a) J. C. Hartzell and Manchu Woman •..•..•.•….•..•……… 473 Manchuria, Outlook in ..•……………. 81 S. M. Zwemer …………………… 769 – Practical Sign of Christianity ………… 308 – Christian Endeavor Society …•………. 301 Marathi Mission Centenary ……………. 549 – College Girls . _.. .. .. • .. .. . . .. . . .. .. … 547 Mauritius, Moslems in ………………… 97 – Convert, Faithful ……… ;…………. 554 – Lands, Foes Meet and Mingle in Mission Marcus, the Leper (b) Mrs. Landon R. Ma· son ••••.••…..•.•.•.•…………•.•• 376 Scbools in …••••••………………• 547 – Shereef, Remarkable Reminiscences of a Martyn, Henry, Centenary in Tokat …•.•… 302 McAn Mission, France, New Center for….. 65 Converted (b) Arthur T. Upson …….. 730 Mecca-Constantinople-Cairo (a) S. W. Zwe- – Students Becoming Protestants …•.•…. 149 – Unrest in Indian ………………….. 162 mer …………………………….. 7 – Women to Christian Queens ………… 621 – Moslem University at …….. _………. 783 – Workers Active in the Sudan …..•….. 633 Medical Missions, Cause of ••….•…•….. 716 – World, Around the Horizon of the (a) – Missions Pay? Do ………………… 146 Medieval Worshin and Christian Missions … 957 Samuel M. Zwemer …………….. 95 – World, Three Strategic Centers of the (a) Memphis Home Mission Convention ••••.•.. 166 Men and Missions, Seven-fold Results of …. 152 S. M. Zwemer ………….. :…….. 7 Menelik, Death of, Reported •..•.••.••••••• 310 Moslems, Advertising for Interviews with .••• 394 Methodism in Austria …………………. 546 – Baptisms of ……•.••.•…•…•…•…• 873 – in France ………………………… 389 – Comparative Religion for (b) S. M.

Methodist Budget ……………………. 62 Zwemer ………………………… 727 – Ingatherings, Notable ………………. 949 – Gosrel for …… :………………….. 781 – Men in Conference ………………… 941 – Hal the PopulatIon ………………•• 795 – Mission Work in North Africa………. 72 – in Burma, Conversion of ……………. 550 – Missions, Ten Years' Growth in Southern. 600 – Interest in Missions to …………….. 219 Methodists Work in Southern Asia ……••• 147 – Missionary to Chinese ……… ,……… 75 Metho~.sl Department of ……………..•• 698 – Persona] Work among ……………… 721 – for workers at Home, Missionary Ca) Belle Motive, Missionary …………………… 70 Motor Cars, Gospel ………….•…•….. 790 M. Brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843, 910 Mott and Eddy Among the Students of China MEXICO, Evil Conditions in ………….. 715 Cb) ……………………………. 525 – Missionaries Return to ……………… 64 – and Eddy in Bombay ………………. 145 -John R., in China …………………. 481 – Missions in ………………………. 466 – Conferences in Japan …………. … …. 566 – – – ~efu~es Ambassadorship ………… 389 – Political and Missionary Interests in …… 324 – – – In Smgapore …………….•…•• 381 – Politics and Patriotism ……………… 721 – – – in Soutb China ……………….. 402 – Statistics of …•.•………•••………. 721 – – – i n the Far East ………………. 364 – Unrest in Unhappy ………………… 166 Mt. Lebanon, Sanitarium on …………. 948 – What Protestantism has done for .•.••.•• 864 Mott's India Conference ………………• 226 Meyer, Rev. Louis (a) Mrs. T. C. Rounds .•. 671 – Visits to India ….••..•………….•.• 241 – – – Illness of ……………………. 540 Millionaires, Ch'ristian …………. "-. . . . . .. 629 Mottoes, Some Missionary …………….. 684 Missionaries Go, Why ………………… 215 Music and Song-Please Go Shares …••..• 917 – Philanthropist (a) Stanley White …….. 895 Natal Missionary Waste in …………….• 875 – Have Done, What …••.•.•..••.•..•…. 957 National Bible Institute ………………• 460 – Making Long·Lived ………………… 866 – Reform Bureau's Plans …………….. 220 – Part Played by ………………….•• 708 Nations, Melting Pot of the (a) Edward A. Missionary Committee Do? What can the … 216 – Exhibits and Demonstrations. Harry Wade Steiner ……… . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . … 187 Navy, Y.M.C.A. Secretaries for Army and.. 862 Hicks ………………………….. 843 Needy, Decade of Work for the ………… 597 – Methods for Workers at Home (a) Belle N eg-ro Church Statistics ………………. 465 M. Brain •..•.•………………….• 753 =- Emancipation Celebrated ……………. 314 – Review Council ……………………• 698 – Silent Influenc-e of the Cb) Geo. F. Herrick .. 119 – Has Done Well ………………….• 153 -Tree •..•.••………………………. 863 – Work, Value of •……………….•… 216 ~'M'~~~olbo:u?~~t:~..~t…t~~. : : : : : : : : : : : :: :~~ Missions a Debt, or a Charity-Which? R. –Notes of ……………………….. 314 H. Glover ………………………. 585 – Progress in Fifty years …………….. 943 Micronesia, Christian Endeavor in ………. 74 – Self·Help Creed for the _…………… 465 – Results in ………………………… 541 N egros, Unique Colportage Work in ……… 233 – Guinea, Darkness in ……………….. 7S Mohammedan Educational Conference in India 227 – Views of Statistics …………………. 781 – – Once Cannibals, hut now Christians in. 232 – Woman, Heart of the (b) Mrs. Benjamin New Features for 1914 ………………. 940 New Hebrides to Date …………………. 632 W. Labaree ……………………… 578 – Guinea, German MissIon in ……….•.. _ 956 Mohammedanism and Christianity, The Balkan New York City, Bible Distribution in ……• 713 – – Home for- 'Nomen Workers In …….. 220 War (a) James L. Barton …………. 87 – – Most Remarkable Convert in Water – Chinese (b) W. B. Pettus ……………. 103 Street Ca) Philip I. Roberts ………… 181 Mohammedans and the Gospel, North Africa. 309 – Conversion of (b) Charles R. Watson …• 345 New Zealand Missionary Association . . . . . . . . 711 – jn Latin America …………………. 64 News Bureau, Scope of a Missionary . . . . . . . 943 Nigeria, Good News from …………….. 310 – Literature for ……………………… 150 NiJrerian Missions, Fruits of ……………. 634 – More Missionaries to ………………. 231 Nile Mission Press …….•……………. 633 Mohonk Student Conference ………….. 483 –.,..-Dr. Zwemer on the …………….. 154 – Conference ……………………….. 942 Nosuland, Independent Ca) S. Pollard …… 741 Monastir. Center of Interest …. _……… .. 868 Nyassaland, Great Gathering of Christian Mon,R"olia. Dispute about ………………. 82 Nations …………… _. . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 312 Moody Bible Institute to be Enlarged…… 62 Mormon Invasion of Canada …………•.. 1S2 Opium and Farming in India …•.•…….• 884 – Prophet Exposed ………………….. 391 =Cu~se~ig~1n .::::::::::::::'.: :'.: •.•. :::::::: ~~~ Mormonism, Dangers of ………………. 717 – Facts on. Mrs. J. Paddock and Miss E. – Curse of China Withdrawn ………….• 617 – China's Fierce War on …………….. 383 Vermilye ………………………… 855 Oriental Women, Literature for ….••.•… ; _ 703 -in a Nutshel! ……………. ; ……….. 863 -In Great Bntaln ………………….. 149 PAGE PAGE Orientals, Cooperative Work in America, for. 485 Putuz.nayo Indians, Missionaries to the…… 64 – M.sslOn ……………………. .- . • … 865 _ in America, Christian Work for Ca) Geo. – – Question (b) J. L. Jarrett ……….. 201 W. Hinman …………•……..•••..• 501 -The Devil's Paradise. Ernest D. Pierson. 458 Orthodoxy Among Missionaries •.•…•.•••• 859 ~ueenJ Praying …………… '.' …. …… 710 Ottoman Educational Conference .••.••••••• 244 uestions, Twenty Leading …•…•.•….•.. 726 easons for Missions …………………. 377 8~t1;~ft~/~~~e'W~;ld: Ch;i~ti~;'; .(bj .w: .iI: 706 Reform, Evangelism as a Means to ..•.•••• 435 Carpenter ……………….•…..••.. 52 Religion and Religious Growth in the United Ovambo Land, Difficulties in ………….. 232 States Ca) H. K. Carroll •….•…•…. 257 Pak, ~orean Colporteur ……………….. 7~~ _PalReasiblnwe~y Among Jews In Robert Coilege ………………………. 468 from Port Said ……………. . 783 Roman Catholic Church in China •••••.•.••. 702 to Jaffa …..•••• – Catholicism Working ………………. 233 Pamphlets •••••……… 240, 319, 400, ~60, 640 Rome in Germany, Exodus from ……….. 620 PPaa~nuaam, aAnAsnwoetrhsertoSiPdreayo:efr Li,fe in …… .~….•…•.•. 864 -to be Reformed? Is……… ………… 66 in . … . 542 – Work in Africa …………………… 462 _ Former Cannibals BUild a Church m ….. 956 Rome's Meager Gifts to Missions ………… 958 Papuans Giving to Missions…………….. 712 Rumania's Treatment of the Jews ………. 794 RUSSIA. Bible in …………………… 717 Parable of the Seed Corn Cb) ………….. 196 – Child-Drunkards in ………………… 717 Paraguay, Leprosy in ….. : …………… 630 _ Difficulties of Baptists in •.•..•…….•.. 405 Paris, For the Unprotected In………….. 224 – Greek Orthodox Church in Ca) Nevin O. Winter ………………………….. 760 Paul's Missionary Principles II. ……….. 60 – Intolerant ………………………… 325 Peace Balkan War and Ca) George F. – Islam in ………………………… 98 Herrick. ………………………… 421 -Jews in …. , ………………………. 546 _ on Earth …………………………. 617 – PersecutlOn m …………………….. 150 – Religious Freedom in ………………. 867 Peking, Europea.n Vice in ……………… 871 – Settlement Work Impossible in ………. 66 _ Prayer Meetmg; …………………… 551 – Under the Czar in …………………. 224 Russian Influence in Persia and Missions. _ Union Church m ………… : ……. : .. 471 _ Union Medical College: Its F.rst Fru.ts. 472 S. G. Wilson ……………………. 57 – Orthodox Church in China •…..••…..• 143 PERSIA and Missions, Russian Influence in. 57 – Serfdom, End of ………………….. 389 Russians Against Baptists ….•…..•…••.• 803 _ C~~isG·inW.i~s.o.~. ::: : ::: :: : :: ::: :::::: :::: 86 Sabbath Neglect in Germany ………….. 867 _ Girls' School in ………………….. 387 – ·school Missions, Presbyterian .•…….•• 315 _ Gospel and Its Opponents in Ca) F. G. Salvation Army ……………………… 65 – – G<;n,ral Booth's Latest Scheme ……. 865 Coan …••..•……..•.••.•.•…•.••.• 487 – – M,sSlOns ………………………. 619 _ Population of …………………….. 547 – – New Hotel for the ………………. 465 _ Recent Changes in …………………. 323 – – Praise for the ………………….. 784 _ Urgent Need in ………•.••..•••…•.• 386 – – Work in India ………………….. 297 _ Values Mission Schools ••…….•….••• 708 Santo Domingo, Archbishop President of. .• 222 _ Work for Lepers in ………………… 869 Scotland, Church Union in ••…••••••••••• 645 Persian Convert, Hardships of a………… 869 Seed Corn, Parable of the (b)…………. 196 _ Doctor,.Baptism for ……………….. 783 Severance, Louis H., Life and Work of Ca) -Girls, Hope for ……….. : ………… 162 Peru, Progress of the Gospel In •…….•• 64 Stanley White …………………… 895 Philippines, Advance in the .•.•..••.••.••.• 484 Sheldon, Dr. Martha A., of North India, _ Ag.tation in the ……..• • • • • . . . • • . • • .• 802 Glimpse of the Character and Work of _ Church Co()pera.ti.on in the .: … : …….. 313 Cb) Lilly Ryder Grace'y …………..• 273 _ Economic CondItIons ImprOVIng In the … 232 Shinto ……………•…..••…………. 647 _ Presbyterians in the ……………….. 542 Siam and Laos, Progress in …………… 707 _ Slavery in the ……………………. 876 – First Leper Asylum in ……………… 147 – Found Christ, How a Governor in. H. A. – Typhoon in the •..•••••…•….•••.•••• 154 Johnson ………………………… 937 _ Y.M.C.A. in the …….•…•………••. 74 Sierra Leone, Gospel Progress in …•.•…• 954 Silent Influence of the Missionary Cb) George Philippopolis and Philippi ……………..• 217 F. Herrick ……………………… 119 Pierson Bible School in Prospect……….. 71 _ Life of Arthur T. Reviewed Cb) Robert Singapore, John R. Mott in ……………381 Slave to Schoolmaster, From ………….. 710 E. Speer …………………….•••• 204 Slavery and European Governments …….. 246 Please Go Shares-Music and Soog ..•..••.• 917 Poem-For Ali Thy Missionary Saints, Eliz- – in the Philippines ………………….. 876 Social Legi.lation in India…………….. 548 abeth S. Baird ••..••.••.••..•…..•… 820 – Service, Presbyterian Bureau of ……… 597 – He Is Counting on you ……………… 192 – Reformers in the Non·Christian World, _ "Now, Concerning the Collection" ……. 217 Pokomoland Africa Difficulties in …… '. .. 796 Need for (a) George W. Hollister …… 601 Pomaks Bec{oming Christians …………… 322 Society in Great Straits, Wesleyan………. 223 Solomon Isles, The Gospel in the Cb) North· Porto Rican Progress ………………… 63 Porto Rico, Federation in……………… 792 cote Deck ………………………. 518 _ – Missions in …………….. . . . . . . .. 222 Sorabji School in India ………………. 706 South Africa, Moslems in …………….. 97 – – Rest Home in ………………….. 222 – African Students at Work ………….. 464 Portugal Open to the Gospel…………… 150 SOUTH AMERICA, Among the Women in – Opportunities in …………………… 406 CaJ Florence Smith ………….. ; …. 511 Power, Question of ………•…•……… 460 – – Continent of Dead Souls …………. 792 Pray lor World·wide Power …………… 939 – – Opportunity in (b) Charles Inwood … 851 – – Remarka.b1e Advertisement in ……… 630 Prayer in Papua, Answers to ………….. 542 – – Why Send Missionaries to (a) E. R. – Scriptural Missionary ………………. 380 Presbyterian Bureau of Social Service…… 597 Hendrix ………………… " …… 442 – Plans for China …………………..• 70 – – News from the …………………. 713 _ Reinforcements ………….. • . .. .. . • … 629 Southern Lavrnen, Convention of ……….. 390 _ Sabbath-school Missions …………….• 315 South Seas, Century in the…………….. 886 Presbyterians in the' Philippines •……..•.. 542 Spain, Figueras Evangelistic Mission …….. 388 – How a Church Began in ……………. 868 Press Bureau, Mission ……………….. 619 – Liberal Laws in ………….. , .. ,….. 486 Princeton, "The Ideal Student" at………. 628 – Outlook in ……………………….. 610 Problem, The Real Heart of the Missionary – Pre-sent Protestantism in. James I. Good. 60R – Religious Toleration in .•…………• 65, 325 (a) R. H. Glover ……………….. ; 678 Statistical Table 1913, Mission to ther Jews .. 891 Prodigal Son, African's Story of the (b) …. 696 Statistics-Missionary Figures for 1912…… 2 Progress in 1912 ..•…….•……….•..• 1 Prosperity-Its Use and Abuse ………….. 780 – – Work in Alaska ………………… 220 Protestant Episcopal Cooperation …….•••• 881 Punjab, Reform in the ……………….. 884 Putumayo Atrocities, Ending ..•……….. 630 _ Indians, Bolivian Missions and (b) Percy Cross Standing .•..••••…..•…….•• 197 PAGE PAGE Statistics-Mohammedan Views of ……….. 781 Turks and Christians Fraternizing ….•..•.. 302 – of Communicants in the United States …. 259 – of Japan, Religious ……………….. 699 – Attitude of the …………………… 387 _ of Mexico …………….. , ……….. 721 – Facing Eastward ………… ,…….. 226 – of the Chinese Church ……………… 69 _ – – Growth in Communicants in United – Returning Home from Asia …………. 301 Tuskegee, Good Work of •..•.••…..••.•.•• 465 States .•.•…•……………………. 261 __ – Protestant Foreign lVlissionary Soci- – Continued Growth in ………………. 311 eties of the World for 1912 ….•….•• 1 -King Daudi of, in England …………..• 636 – Success Proved by …………………. 152 – Wonderful People …………………• 462 .Stefansson, Mr. . •…………………… 466 Stelzle's New Field ………………….• 714 Uganda, Choosing a New Name in …….••• 952 Studd, C. T., Goes to Africa .. , .. , …….. 231 Union Church in Pekin ………………• 471 Student Christian Movement ………….. 863 – In Canada, Progress toward ………••• 6 _ Conversion in China ……… _. . . . . . . . .. 804 – Medical Colle~e, Pekmg: Its Firstfruits .• 472 _ E'Vangcli~m World-wide •…•.•…•.••.•• 561 – Traimng of Htndu GirlS …………….. 381 -Movement'in India, Women Students and United MissIOnary Campaign …………..• 714 the ••••..•.•.•…………………… 549 UNITED STATES, Hungarian Protestants – – Work Among Boys …… ,……….. 562 – Pledge to a Goaly Life …. ,………… 543 in Hungary C!.nd in the United States. __ Volunteers, Chinese ……………….. 304 Alex. HarSaII1Jl ………………….• 595 Students and Missions …………. – ……. 607 – – Negro Population of …………….. 466 =_ Missionary Opportunity for (a) George E. Unity in America, Outlook for…………. 61 Hollister •……………………….. 601 W!~~iz'eO;f~~~;~e '~i 'Ch~;;t;~~':::::::::: :~~ – Movement towardJ in Great Britain …… 388 Universities Mission in Africa …………. 555 Value of Missionary Work …………….• 216 – Opposition in ……………………… 153 Venezuela, Archbishop's Alarm in……..••• 945 Vice, Atlanta's Campaign against ………. 629 Volunteer, Ideal Missionary (William Whit- ing Borden) (a) Charles R. Erdman …. 567 Studies, Board of Mission •…. , … '.. . • . . .• 152 – Movement for Home Missions in America. 485 Successors in Service …………………. 780 "Waste Paper Saving" Scheme …………• 716 Sudan, Moslem Workers Active in the. . . . . .. 633 Water Street, New YOTk, Most Remarkable .

– Pioneer Mission •………………….. 462 Convert in (a) Philip 1. Roberts …….. 181 – – – German ……………………… 231 Wesleyan Society in Great Straits ………. 223 – Slave Traffic •.•••••…•…………… 62 Sumatra, Christianity vs. Islam in (a) Ernest D. Pierson •..•…………….. , ….. 369 White Children, Song of the •.•…….•… 917 Widow's Mite …..•.•……………….. 586 – Half a Century in ….•……………. 4 Williams, Bishop Channing M., of Japan (a) – Progress in ………………………. 631 W. E. Griffis .••….•…………….. 653 Sun Yat Sen and the Awakening of China (b) Pierson Curtis ……………….. 115 Woman, Heart of the 'Mohammedan (b) Mrs.

Summer Conferences …………………. 392 Benjamin W. Labaree •…………..• 578 Sunday's Campaign, Results a Year and a – in China, New •••…••••………….•.• 703 Half After (b) G. R. yaple …..,••.••… 438 – Question in India …•……………… 300 _ Campaigns in Columbus and Ene, Some – Suffrage in China •…………………. 305 Results of ……•……. , …………. 435 Woman's Work, One Japanese ………….• 307 Sunday·school CommissIOn tn Korea ……… 701 Women, Chinese Magazines for………… 786 – in India, Christian Work for …. , ……. 145 –Progress, Woria's .' …………….. 723 __ Missions in the …………………. 957 – in South America, Among the (a) Florence Supernatural-From Benath …… ,…….. 500 Smith ………………. '" ………. 511 Superstition, Defeat of ………………. 947 – New Ideas of India's ……………… 146 Swanwick, 1nspiring Gurs at ……………. 8~S – One of China's New ………………. 228 Syria, Hopeful Outlook in …….. , …….. 164 – Students and the Student Movements in _ Remarkable Assembly ………………• 301 India …………………………… 549 _ Turks and Christians Fraternizing in ….. 302 Women's Convention in China …………. 625 – Education in Egypt ……………….. 632 Syrian Church, New Life in the Ancient. … 566 – Summer Schools of Missions…………. 646 Taoist Council, China ………………… 474 – Work in Japan ……………………. 552 Telugu Missions, Successful …….•…. 227, 471 Word of God, Spreading the……………. 717 Temperance for Children in China …•…… 625 Wurld Challenges ……………………. 61 – in Europe, Outlook for …………….. 866 – Christian Citizenship ………………• 645 – Laws in France …•……………….• 946 – Christian Outlook on the (b) W, B. Car· Temple of Heaven, Preaching Christ in the .. 383 penter ………………………….• 52 Testimony of a Japanese Statesman……… 307 – Conference of Christian Students …….. 483 TThhienrkmionmg eBtelr~ckA Missionary •……..•..•… 29 – Missionary. Conference, Next ………… 388 (b) W. J. Hutchins …….. 521 – Opportunlbes … . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Tibet, Challenge to Occupy •…………… 870 – Student Christian Movement to Date…. 628 Tibetan Tongue, Bible in the………….. 69 – Tragedies … • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. '61 Tibetans in En~land ……. : …… ,…….. 546 World's Christian Citizenship Conference …. 392 Tokyo, Institutional Church In ..••..•.••.•• 552 – Student Christian Federation …….. ; … 391 – Y. M. C. A. for ………….•………. 626 – Sunday·school Convention …………… 716 Toro Princess Testimony .. ~ ~ ………….. 635 Yuan Shih Kai and the Y. M. C. A …….. 243 Tract Did, What One ……•….••.••.••.•• 298 = J,;':ik'o';g' ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Y. M. C. A. as a World Force………….. 793 Training of Missionaries ..•…………… 388 – ConveI!tion in China ………………. 229 Translating Denominationalism ……•…..• 942 f~r 1~~ Turk, American Savages and the………. 469 _ Further Light as to the…… . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 – in the Philippines ………………•..• 74 -Twice·Born (a) ArthurT. Upson .. 730,821,926 – Membership Basis of the …………….• 628 TURKEY Gospel with a Stereopticon in (a) — Secretaries for Anfiy- and Navy ……•..• 862 Henry H. Riggs ………………… 815 -. Work for Immigrants ……………… 789 _ Imperiled Christians of …•…………. 387 – Yuan Shih Kai and the ……………. 243 – Islam in ………••……………….. 98 _ Missions and Higher Education in ……. 868 – in Yunnanfu, Organizing a ……..•.•.. 473 -New Christian College tn…………. 707,782 – Work, World's …………………… 545 _ Ottoman Educational Conference ……… 244 Y. W. C. A. Headquarters, InternationaL… 62 _ Outlook in ……………………….. 3 YounK Women Wanted for Foreign Work … 806 _ Present Outlook in , ………………. 321 Zeal Not Enough, Missionary ………..•.. 470 Zionist Congress ……….•……….. 867, 947 – Races in …………………………. 148 _ Through Defeat to ~etter Things …….. 468 Zulus Turning to Christ …….•……•…. 245 =_ Up-rising Among Onental Women…….. 67 Zwerner at Jiddah, Arabia, Dr. ……..••..• 469 ~;feM'%~[~n~~e~' A;~ 'D~i~g' 'f~~:::::::: ~g~ – Dr., on "The Nile Mission Press·' …•…• 154 Zwemer's Illness, Dr. . •……..•…..•…• 554 Turkish Youth Seeking EducatIOn •..•••…• 782 – Visit to Belbeis .•….•…………….• 461 – Work in Egypt ……………………. 308

The Missionary Review of the World — 1912 Index

fMiss{onafJ CJ?.eview

of the World VOL. XXV. NEW SERIES VOL. XXXV. OLD SERIES Founded in 1878 by . Editor·ln-Chlef, 1888 to 1911 REV. ROYAL G. WILDER, D.O. REV. ARTHUR T. PIERSON, D.O.

JANUARY TO DECEMBER, 1912 EDITOR DELAVAN L. PIERSON ASSOCIATE EDITORS REV. D. L. LEONARD, D.D.

J. REV. STUART HOLDEN REV_ LOUIS MEYER, D.D.

FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY NEW YORK: LONDON 1912

BY I'UNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY Printed in the United States

OF ONE VOLUME OF THB MISS10NARY REVIEW OF THE

Each year the M1SSIONARY REVIEW contains the equivalent of 21 volumes, a complete library of Iv.iissions, on the history, methods, principles, and progress of :Missions and the lives of Missionaries and Native Converts. Each small volume would contain about 30,000 words (150 pages) INDEX FOR 1912 MAPS AND DIAGRAMS PAGE PAGK Africa Divided Among the Nations …….. 414 China, Territory Held by Contending Chinese – South, Mine Workers……………….. 428 – – Missionary Occupation of…………. 801 • Forces • • . . . …………………. 177 African Gold Fields, South……………. 426 Charts Prepared by Students of the McCor· – Walled Cities of ………………….. 87 mick Seminary, Chicago …………… 604 Formosa . . . 100 – Showing the Social and Religious Condi- Korea, Showing Division of Territory…… 190 tions in Chicago………………….. 605 Northern Siam, Showing Mission Stations .• 731 Turkey and the Balkan States … Facing page 880 United States, Religion in the…. . • . • . . 1 PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE PAGE Afghanistan, ~ritish M,ilitary Camp Near Bangkok, Siam, Boon·Itt Memorial in…… 333 Bannu, on the Border of …………… 255 Bannu, Football Team in the Church l{is- Africa, How Bibles are Carried in…….. 672 sian High School ••….•. ' • . . . . . . • . . . •• 263 – Missionary Scenes in …………. _. . . .. 401 – Patients Waiting Outside the' Operating – North, Market Scene in Tripoli…….. 120 – South, Compound of the Native Labor Room at …•………………….. 257 Baptist Mission Training Class on the…. 679 Association ., ..••……………….•• 424 Bible and 'Torld·wide Missions ……….. 588 – West, African Boys and Young Men at Boon.Itt, of Siam •…••…..•…….•••• 327 Bulgarian Soldiers .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •. 887 the Bulu Branch of the Mission School, – Town, A Typical ..•.•…..•………… 886 Elat . . . . .••..•…•…………….. 25 Cairo, The Hub of the Mohammedan World 768 – – Krus, Tribe of-Calling for a Mis· Central America, Mission Scenes in……. 161 sionary . . . . ..•………………•.. 759 Ceylon Missionary Wife's Saturday Bible – – Roman Catholic Church at Landana .. 675 African Missions, Product of . ____ . _. . . . . .. 29 Class .•….•..••.•…•………….. 525 Chicago, .Charts Showing the Social and Re· Africaner, The Hottentot Chief ………..•• 487 Africans Learn to Make at the Mission, ligious Conditions in ……………… 60S – Redemption of •…•……………….. 821 Some Things •…••………………. 22 – Some Results of Student Investigation in. 603 Alake of Abeokuta, with His Son and the China, Comparative size of the Population Bible Presented by King Edward' in of the United States and………… 43 1904 ………………………•• 675 – Conference, Church Union Committee. Ap· Albania, Rev. and Mrs. Phineas Kennedy and American Mission School for Girls, pointed by West ..•………………. 113 Kortcha • . . . ……………….••. 726 – Famine Relief in •………………• 207 – Flood that Causes the Famine in …….. 206 Allen, Young J………………………. 649 – House·boats on the River Front at Ning· – Mrs. Young J …………………….. 648 Po ………..•.•…•…………….. 657 – "Push-Man Cart" in ……………….. 653 America, North, Home Mission Scenes in.. 1 – Science Laboratory and Museum in Y. M. – Railroad Train of Logging Camps …•.••• 518 Appenzeller, Henry Gerhart ………..•••• 291 C. A., Chengtu . • . . . . . •. . . . . .. . . • . • 91 Arab Town, Group of Villagers from an 892 – Traveling in • . • • . • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . 684 – Wedding in the Interior……………. 898 – University of Nanking ……………… 175 Arabian Country Village •….•……….. 895 Chinese Empire, Missionary Scenes in the 81 – Mosque ..•…. . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 897 – Family in Szchuen, China ………….. 654 _ Stronghold, Typical ………………… 894 – Lady Educated in America for a Physi- Baffin's Land, Mission House at Lake Harbor 499 cian, First ……………….•.•••.••. 656 PAGE PAGE Japanese Four and a Crowd of Mountain Sav- Chinese School, Old Time Native ••••••….. 655 ages, Formosa •.• • . • • . • . . . • . . . . . . . . .• 96 – Students Track Team at the University of – Soldiers Attacking Head.hunting Sav· Nanking ………………………… 173 ages in. Formos,,: .••.•…………….. 97 Jew. in Arabia, Company of…….. . . . . . . .. 896 Chulalonghorn, King of Siam …………. 733 Karmarkar, Rev. Vishnu Bhaskar ………. 765 Kennedy, Rev. and Mrs. Phineas, and Amer- Citizenship Class of the Y. M. C. A. for ican Mission School for Girls, Kortcha, Foreigners . . . . ………………. 833 Albania . • . . ………………….. 726 Kenoly, Jacob ….•.•………..•…….. 752 City Missions, Map for the Study of. …….. 821 – – Wife, and Mission Children ……….. 755 Kenoly's School, near SchieffeHn, Liberia .. 753 Conference at Shanghai, in 1877, Members of Kin, Yamei, M. D ………………….. 656 the ………………………….. 751 Kong Ju, Korea, Methodist Episcopal Mis· Constantinople, Mosque of St. Sophia …… 887 sian Compourid … . • . • .. . . . .. . . .. . . .• 282 Kongo, Large Sunday-school at Bopota, 011 – Sultan's Palace at ..•..•..•…………. 881 the Upper . . . . ••…•.•………… 673 Dancing Girls of Arabia …….•………. 895 —- Upper, Audience Coming from ChUl-ch at Eskimo Audience, Part of a Missionary's … 503 Jalemba . . • . . .. ………………. 677 Korea also, Children are Children in …… 279 -House in Vhich the Missionaries Lived .. 501 – Christian Family in ..••..•………… 281 – Evidence of the Progress of Christianity Europe, Sights and Scenes in Great Britain and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561 in ……………………………… 191 – Going Home from Church …….•…… 277 Evangelization Through Bible Study ……..• 423 – Methodist Episcopal Mission Compound at Eye-Glasses, Correct Christian …………. 335 Kong Ju ………….. _…………. 282 – Main Street in Seoul ……………… 275 Famine Waifs in China …•……………. 207 – Missionary Scenes in ……………… 641 – Presbyterian Academy at Pyeng yang …. 505 Fan, Evangelist, of China …………… 527 – Self·supporting Country Church FOl'ty Feller, Wilhelm ••..•….••…………… 740 Miles from Pyeng yang••••……..•.. 278 Korean Atonement Offering ………….. 277 Foreigners, Citizenship Class of Y. M. C. – House Converted into a Missionary's A. for •…••..•..••.•…………… 833 Home ………………………….. 274 – Iron Foundry •.••….•……………… 280 – in America . . . . ……………….. 831 Koreans, Group of ………………….. 273 – Worth Saving, Vbo Will Ask, Are …… 279 Forest Primeval …………………….. 515 Kru Tribe of West Africa-Calling for a Formosa, Buffalo Field Cart in ……….. . 99 Missionary ……………………… 759 Laos, Presbytery, Returning from Meeting – Buffaloes used to Crush Sugar Cane in .. 98 in Lakawn •….•••••••……….•… 735 "- Country Church in ………………. . 102 Liberia, Jacob Kenoly's School, near Schief- – Four Japanese and a Crowd of Moun· felin …………………………… 753 – Rev. Walter B. Williams Preaching to tain Savages …………………. . 96 Krus iu ………………………… 760 – Japanese S!,ldiers Attacking Head-hunting Lumber-Camps, New Way of Drawing Logs Savages 10 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . . • • • • • • •• 97 in …………………………….. 517 – Missionary Scenes in ……………… . 641 – – Old Way of Drawing Logs to the …. 516 -Jack at Work, Western • ., ………….. 513 – Scene at tbe Opening of the Largest Madras, Woman Vender …………….. 522 Malaysia, Missionary Scenes in………… 31 Church in ……..••..•…………… 95 McCormick Theological Seminary StUdent, – Seacoast Journey by Chair Along the …. 101 Bohemian Class Conducted by a …… 604 McCune, Rev. G. S., and Korean Teachers – Town Church in …….. E ………….. 103 of Syen Chun ••••.••..•..•.•……•.. 507 Gold or God-A Mute Appeal …………… 778 McGilvary, Daniel … , . • • •• . .. . •• . . . . . • .. 792 Mexico, Mission Scenes in……………. 161 Gracey, Annie Ryder ••……•……….. 285 Moffat, Robert …. • • .. . .. • .. . . . . . . .. .. … 489 Mohammedan Lands, Varied Scenes from .. ?21 – John Talbot ……………………. , 284 Mokalla-Neglected Opportunity on the Guatemala City, New Hospital and Train- Arabian Coast ••………•………… 893 Mongkut, Maha, King of Siam •..•..••..•• 732 ing School, Presbyterian Mission …….. 816 Mongol Tent ………………………. 852 Nanking, University of ……………….. 174 – – Plaza de Armas at……………….. 807 – University of, Science Hall …………. 176 Natal, Native Evangelist Preaching in a Kraal 411 –Interior of the Presbyterian Hospital.. 817 Okayama-Bath Time in the Mission…….. 908 – Luncheon Time in the Day Nursery ..•• 907 – Missionary Scenes in ………………. 820 – Sleeping Time in the Day Nursery …••• 909 – The Dispensary of the Mission …••.••.• 911 – New Presbyterian Girls' School at. ….. 819 – Peasant's Thatched Country House ….. 809 – Piece of Carriage Road to Que.alten· ango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 811 – Roman Catholic Street Procession at Quezaltenango . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813 Gul Kanina and his Grandmother .•.•.•…. 261 Hankow, Scene at the Bombardment of…. 141 He·oh'ks·te·kin • • • • .•••.••.••.••.•….• 569 H'co-a~h'co-a-h-cotes-min ….. _. . .. 569 Home Mission Scenes in North America.. 1 House, S. R., of Siam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 India, Boys' Boarding·schoo lin ..•••..••…. 520 – Burma and Ceylon, What the Missionaries see in …………………………. 241 – Girls' Boarding·school, Aruppukottai. ….. 521 – Typical Missionary Bungalow in …….. 523 Indian Express-Bullock Bandy . •• . •• . •.• 524 – Members of the Presbyterian Church, Nez Perces …………………………. 573 Japan College, Teachers and Students of North ……………………….. 437 – Missionary Scenes in ………………. 641 – Traveling in ••.•…••……………… 695

INDEX

PAGE PAGE Pacific Islands, Some Missionary Scenes in Singh, Raja Sir Harnam ………………. 201 the ……………..•……..•.•.••… 481 South America, Interesting Scenes in …… 801 Tonkin, French Indo-China, Railway Station Pennell, Dr., and the Afghan who was Blinded by his Enemies …………… 259 at Hanoi ••••.••..•..•…….•……. 581 – Men from Haiphong ……..•….•.•••.. 582 Pitsanuloke, School at ••…………..•..• 330 – Women and Hats from .•……………. 583 – Siam, Old Manse at ………………… 331 Tripoli …………….••……………… 119 Pittsburgh, Y. M. C. A. c.ommenceme,nt – Market Scene in .•.••………………. 120 – Mixed Population of ……………….. 125 Audience of 400 Foreigners in ……… 828 – Oasis in …………………………. 121 Russia, Pastor Fetler and His Assistant Lay – Patients in the Courtyard of the Medical Preachers and Superintendents …….• 745 Mission House ………………….. 122 – Pastor Fetlt'r Prea.ching to a Sunday-night – Typical Street in ………………….. 121 Tripolitan Carriage, Missionaries in…….. 123 Audience in St. Petersburg………… 745 – Maiden ………………………….. 124 Russian Baptist Union, Delegates of, to the Uganda, Big Drum of the Mengo Cathedral 421 Views of Missions, Three ……………… 495 Opening of the Tabernacle •………•• 744 'Vest Indies, :Mission Scenes in ………… 161 Salonica, Vhite Tower of, ………… ,' 886 – Land, Mission Church in …….•……… 413 5t. Petersburg! Laying the Cornerstone of the Williams, Rev. Walter B., Preaching to First Baptist Tabernacle …….. ,….. 744 Krus in Liberia …………………… 760 Seoul, Early American Mission School ….. 276 Y. :NI. C. A. Commencement, Audience of 400 Shanghai Conference of 1877, Members of the 650 – Trolleys in •…………………… " 658 Foreigners in Pittsburgh …..•……… 829 Siam, Boon·Itt Memorial in Bangkok …..• 333 Yuan Shi Kai ……………………… 45 – First Church in Chiengmai………….. 730 Zulu and Wife, Christian……………… 409 – King of, 1851·1872 '……………….. 732 – Girls, Greeting Between ……………… 409 —1872·1910 ……………………. 733 Zulus •…•……………………•……. 407 – ~Ijssionary Scenes in ……………….. 321 – Old Manse at Pitsanuloke ………….• 331 – Polling up the Me Ping River ……….• 730 – P"cc?nt King of ………………….. 361 AUTHORS PAGE PAGE ABBOTT… ANSTICE •••••.•.••.••••.•…•.. 532 GARDENER, G. B. A …..••….•….•••…••• 667 GARDINER, W. A ……………….•.•.•••. 853 ARAUJO, ADOLFO ..•..•….••••..•….•…• 612 GOFORTH, J. • ……••.•..•.•..•.••••••.•.• 927 GOLLOCH, GEORGINA A .•………..•……. 197 BAKER, A. W …………………… .424, 440 GRENFELL. WILFRED T …………………. 128 GRIFFIS, WILLIAM ELIOT ••••••••••••••• 277. 647 BARBER, B. C. ……………………….• 264 HARRIS, JOHN H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442, 673 HERRICK, GEORGE F ………………. 349, 887 BARTON, JAMES L…………………….. 34 HERRING. HUBERT C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 HILL, EDGAR P ……………………….. 601 J. BASHFORD, W ••.•…••••••••••••••••••••• 775 HITCHER, B…………………………. 375 HODGES, LEROY •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 166 BEACH, HARLAN P …………………. 415, 840 HODGKIN, HENRY T …………………… 112 ISFTT, WILLIAM CLEMENT •••••••••••••••• 930 BECKMAN, REV. lIfR.•…..••••…•••••.••••• 773 JOWETT, JOHN H ••••••••••••••••••••••• 369. 584 KINNOSUKE, ADACHI •••••••••••••••••••••• 50 BILLINGS, HELEN TAyLOR ……………….. 189 KNOWLES, J. • ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 269 KUM .., KARL ••.•••.••••.••••••.•••••••••• 447 BOGGS, L. PEARL………………………. 172 LABAREE, MRS. BENJAMIN W •••••••••••••••• 835 LAMSON, KATE G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519, 907 BONLDS, SHEIKH •••.••••••••.•••.•••.•••.• 769 LEONARD, DELAVAN L ………………….. 589 LOOMIS, HENRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 664 BOWEN, CHAS. A ……………………… 513 MAcGn.LIVRAY, DONALD •••••••••••••••••••• 364 BRAIN, BELLE M ………………….. 327, 487 McBEE. S,LAS ••..••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4() BREWSTER, WILLIAM 11. ..•……….•.••.•• 598 MCCLAIN, A. M ……………………… 567 MCGUIRE, J. M ………………………. 336 BURGES, RICHARD ••.•••••••••••••••••••••• 764 MEYER, F. B . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . • . . 45~ MEYER, Lours ………………..•.. • . . .• 203 CARROLL, H. K. ……………………..• 116 MONCRIEF" HOPE •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9S COOPER, WILLIAM •..•••••••••..••••••••••• 919 MOTT, JOHN R. • ……………… 449, 608, 822 CRAFTS, W,LBUR F ……………………. 529 MOULE, YEN ARCHDEACON……………… 87 MUNGER, HENRY WESTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526 DAGGETT, MABEL POTTER ………………… 210 MUSKOF, IBRAIIlM •.••.•……•••..•.•..••• 457 DENNIS, JAMES S……………………… 6 DRACH, GEORGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445 DUDE, JOHN L. ………………………. 406 EDDY, SHERWOOD ••••••••••.••••••••.•••••• 104 FADIL, M. • •••……••.•••••••••••••.••.•• 131 FARIS, JOHN T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727 FARMER, W… H. ……………………. 48 FARQUHAR, J. N•…………………….• 247 FETLER, W,LHELM …………………….. 739 FLEMING, ARCHIBALD L. ……………….. 499 J. FRAME, DAVIDSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 761 FRASER, A. G •……..•………•.•….•.•• 430 FRASER, DONALD •.••••••••••••••••••••••••• 135 FRASER, ME1.VIN •.•••••••••.•••.•••.•.••••• 22

PAGE PAGE NAPaR, A. Y……………………….. 527 SMITH, C. C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 752 PATON, F. H. L …….•..•…………..•. 615 PENNELL, T. L ………………………. 255 SMITH, JAMES •••••••••••••.••.•.••.•••••• 129 PHILIP, P. 0 ………………………… 292 PIER.SON, ARTHUR T ….•..•……………. 689 SPAETH, JOSEPHINE E ……………….••. 771 PIERSON, DELAVAN LEONARD ••••••••••• 283, 505 PLATT, WARD ……………………….. 823 SPEER, ROBERT E ……………… 193, 323, 682 POLLARD, S. …•…………………….. 580 PONDER, I. S………………………… 606 SWALLEN, W. L……………… 594 RAWLINSON, FRANK •••••••••••••••••••••••• 177 REID, C. F ••••••.••••.•..•..•..•……… 535 TOWSON, CHARLES R •••••••.••.•….•…••• 829 REID, W. .. … , …………………….. 119 REINKE, T. •………………………… 208 Trowbridge, Stephen Van Rensselaer ……. 881 RICHTER, JULIUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30. 901 RIGGS, CHARLES T .•…….. ,………….. 684 VINTON, SUMNER R…………………… 55 Ross, JOHN ••……………………….. 42 SCHNEDER, DAVID B ………………….• 436 WATSON, CHARLES R ………………….. 768 SCHULER, H. C ………………………. 183 WELLS, AMOS R. • ••.•………. , ….•…• 422 SINGH, SAINT NIHAL ••••.•••.••••••• 200, 923 WHITE, J. CAMPBELL ••…•.••..•..••••• 44, 696 WHITE, STANLEY •••…•..•••. 80?

WHITE, WILBERT W………………….. 127 WILLIAMS, WALTER B .•…•………..•…• 760 YING-YUEH yANG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 Young, John C …………………….,.891 ZWEMER, SAMUEL M .••……………. 494, 746 ZWElllE~, :hs. S. ?II………………….. 736 SUBJECTS~ PAGE PAGE Abdul Beha and American Pulpits……….. 699 Africa, East Central, Men and Religion Cam- Abyssinia, Bible Entering …•….••.•.•••••• 147 paign in ..•..•.••.•.•……….••.•.•• 465 – Islam in …..•.••…..•……………• 466 – News from ……………………….. 395 – – Missionaries in Consultation ……….• 464 Advertising Missons ………………….. 485 –Needs of ………………………. 312 Afghan Frontier, Medical Experiences on the – – Prosperous Scotch Mission ..•….•..•.• 235 – – Racialism in, Dying Out. …•………• 311 (a) T. L. Pennell …………………. 255 – – Testimony to Missions ..•..••………• 234 AFRICA, Battle Against Islam in ……….. 483 – Central, Missionary Episode………….. 234 – Statistics of Missions in …………….• 460 – Congregation Numbering Thousands in West 147 – Ten Years' Progress in ••• , .•.. , …..•.•.. 461 – Development in Centra. ……………. 232 – Things Possible in …………………. 715 – Exploration of ……………………. 231 – Union of Effort in South …………..•.• 555 – How the Dark Continent was Peopled …. 3Q7 Africa, West, Forward Movement in …..•.• 883 – Islam on the Gold Coast …………….. 309 – West, Bible for the Blacks in ………… 790 – North, Politics and Missions in (a) Har- – – Central, Day of Opportunity in (a) J. H.

lan P. Beach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 Harris •.••••••.•.•…..•…………•• 673 – Present Status of Christianity in……… 146 – – Emir Almost Persuaded…………… 309 – Problems in School Work in….. . . . • • . . .. 716 – – Hearers by the Thousand in ……..•.• 715 – Progress in German East…………….. 465 – – Pan·Kongo Missionary Conference in .. 645 – Progress Toward Evangdization•••…•… 232 – – What Missions are Doing in Cal :Melvin – Royal Missionary in ……………….. 75 – Selling Wives as Slaves ……………… 630 Fraser ………………………….. 22 – South, A Dangerous Bill…………….. 464 – – Wonderful Story of Itigidi (b) W. A. – – Among Gold Diggers in (a) A. W. Baker 424 – – Church Union in ………………… 235 Gardiner ………………………… 853 – – Conference in ………………….. 631 African Heathenism "Hard Hit"………… 792 – – Failure to Secure Church Union in ….. 148 – Kings at Missionary Meeting…………. 7S – – Hopeful Signs in ……………….. 404 – Missions, Points of Contact in South (a) – East Centra-I-Timid People ………….. 790 – – Friendly Authorities in…………… 76 G. B. A. Gardener ………………… 666 – – Extension in German ..•………….. 310 – Scripture Union ……..•…………..• 232 – – Latest Discovery in ………………. 632 . Africaner, A Twice·born Black )lan <a) Belle – – Missionary Murdered in…………… 233 – – Missions in German ……………… 234 M. Brain ……………………….• 487 – – Twenty-five Years of Work in Portu- Africans Hungry for the Gospel …………. 232 Albania, Conditions in…………………. 725 guese …………………………… 233 Alcohol, German Emperor on …………… 153 – India's Foe ………………….•.••.• 301 Algeria, Methodist Progress in …………. 789 AlIen. Young J. of China Cal W. E. Griffis 647 Amazon, Gospel in the Basin of the ………. 152 • (a) indicates an article over 3 pages in length; the letter (b) a brief article from one to three pages in length. All other subjects indexed are less than one page in length. The number of the month + when any given article aoneared may be found by dividing the number of the page by 80 and adding 1 to the unit so obtained. For example: page 548. + 80 == 6, 1 :=: 7 (July). PAGE PAGE AMERICA,. Chinese Converts in ………… 315 Beirut, Remarkable Dinner in …………… 708 Belgian Jubilee ……………………….. 389 – Evangelistic Campaign for Chinese in…… 634 Belgium, Anti·Clerical Revolt in ……….•.• 565 Berry School in Georgia ……………….. 223 – Foreign-born Japanese in ………. , 710 Bible Distribution in Turkey ……………. 227 – Heathen Invasion of (b) Mabel Potter – A Teuacious Scotchman and his use of the. 899 – Entering Abyssinia ………………..• 147 Daggett …..•……………………. 210 – for the Blacks in West Africa ………..• 790 – for South Americans ……………….• 795 – Heathenism in …..•……………….. 216 – in Great Demand ………………….. 553 – Japanese Converted in Prison by the Study – Influence of. on Chinese Students (a) of the ………………………….. 627 Ying Yueh yang …………………. 353 – in the Philippines …………………. 877 – President Madero and the ………•….• 222 – Mission Year in the Churches in ……… 710 – Priceless …………………………. 393 – Russia and the ……………………• 316 – America, Neglected Fields of (b) Hubert – Says of the Heathen, What the. James C. Herring ………………………. 295 Smith……•…………………….• 129 – Schools in Korea, Need for. Wilbert W. – North, Home Missions in ……………. . White ………..•..•…………….• 127 – Outlook for Missions in (a) Ward Platt … 823 – Schools in the Orient……………….. 84 – Society, New Italian .•………………. 621 – Salvation Army in ………………….. 390 – Society, Year of the Greatest. ………… 545 ~ Study in America…………………… 467 – Polyglot Problem in ……………….. 864 – Study, To Increase .•………………• 64 – Work in Persia …………………….• 227 American Bible Society's Record ………… 796 – Work in the Philippines ……………..• 793 Bibles by the Million for India ………….• 706 – Church Statistics •..•………………. 221 – for Indian Students ……………•…•• 382 – for South America …………………• 712 – Giving in 1911 •..••………………… 220 – in Closed Lands …………….•…..••• 870 Bible's Relation to Foreign Missions. (b) F. Americans Not Wholly Sordid …………… 390 B. Meyer ……………………….• 452 America's Future Development. ……… , … 859 Big Brothers' Movement……………….. 149 – Share of the Hebrews……………….. 866 Boer Missionary Work ………………… 395 Boers and Missions …..•………………• 619 Anglican Church Union ……………….. 874 – as Missionaries ……………………. 233 Bohemia and Moravia, Progress in ……….. 164 Angola, Philafrican Mission in………….. 792 – Progress for ……………..•………• 389 – Reviving Protestantism in ……………• 468 Appenzeller, Henry G., of Korea (a) William BOOKS (new) …….. 80, 160, 240, 320, 400, 479 E. Griffis ……………………….. 271 560, 640, 720, 880 Arab, Call of the Ca) J. C. young ……… 891 – Across China on Foot. E. J. Dingle …• 158 Arab Slaves, Last of the ……………….. 631 – Advance Guard of Missions. C. G. Howell 559 – American Board Almanac, 1912 ………• 160 Arabia, Danish Mission at Hodeidah ……… 388 – American·Japanese Relations. K. K. Ka· – Good Story from. Ibrahim Muskaf ……. 457 wakami .. . ……..•……………. 398 – Among the Eskimos of Labrador. S. K. – Kuweit Occupied …………………… 70 Hutton ………..•……………… 557 – "The Better Half" in East (b) Mrs. S. M. – Among the Indian Rajahs and Ryots.

Zwemer …………………………. 736 Andrew H. L. Fraser. . . . . . .. . . . . .. .. 77 – Bethany House. M. E. Smith …….•.. 879 Arabia, Western and South Western, Unoc- – Black Bearded Barbarian. Marion Keith •• 938 – Broken Wall. E. A. Steiner ………… . 240 cupied Mission Fields in (a) John C. – Calvin Wilson Mateer. D. W. Fisher …• 158 – Changing Chinese. E. A. Ross .••.•••.•• 158 Young …………………………. 891 – Character Building in China ..••.•.••••• 720 Arabian Mission, Growth of …….••.••.••. 387 – Children of Ceylon. Thomas Mascrop .••• 79.

– Missions, Advance in……………….. 4 – Children of Persia. N. Malcolm •….••.. 720 – China, Social and Economic Conditions •• 479 Arctics, Itinerating in the (a) Archibald L. – China's New Day. I. T. Headland ••••.. 719 – Chinese at Home. J. D. Ball .•.••••••• 238 Fleming ………………………… 499 – Chinese Revolution. A. J. Brown ••••••• 557 – Christ and Human Need …………… 317 Asia Minor, Railroad Construction in…….. 70 – Christ and Israel. A. Saphir………•.• 317 – Christian and Mohammedan. G. F. Her- Australasian Missionary Society…………. 793 rick ……………………………. 637 AUSTRALIA, Church Union in ……… 236, 541 – Laymen's Conference in…………….. 86 – Religious Estate of ………………….. 876 Austria, Islam Officially Recognized in …….. 621 Azariah, Vedanayakan j Bishop of Madras …. 549 Baganda Teachers, Devoted…………….. 465 Bagdad, Missionary Vork in……………. 623 Baltimore, World in …………………. 866 Balkan War and Missions. S. Van R. Trow- bridge ………………………….. 881 – – Pan-Islamism and the ••••……….. 882 – – Ca) George Herrick …………….. 887 Baptist Work in Brazil ………………… 862 – Work in Russia Progressing………….. 324 – Program for Japan ………………….. 643 Baptists, American •.•.•…………..•…. 543 – Canadian. in India ………………….. 872 – Free Baptist and…………………… 543 Baptists' Wark in Kamerun, German……… 629 I;arbour Resigns, Dr..•…………….. 150, 219 Barnardo's Homes Associations ………….. 546 Basel Mission in India ………………..•. 302 – – in the Southern Kameruns. B. Hitcher 375 – Missionary Society •••••••.••••••••••••• 389 Battle Creek Medical Missionary Conference. 65 Beach, Harlan P., in South Africa ……….. 717 Begin to Possess …………………….. 216 PAGE PAGE Books. Christian Missions in the Telugu Books. Missions of Our Nation. J. F. Love. 560 Country. G. Hibbert·Ware •.•••••••.•• 399 – Mirror of Hindu Philosophical Systems. N. – Christian Movement in Japan. J. L. Dear· ing …………………………… 878 Goreh ………………………….. 400 – Christian Movement in Japan. D. C. – Mormonism. The Islam of America. B. Greene ………………………… 318 Kinney …………………………. 638 – Christianity and the Social Crisis. W. Rauschenbusch ……. • • . . . • . • • • • • • • • •• 639 – Morocco After Twenty-five Years. R.

– Christianity and the Social Crisis. M. Kerr •••••••…..•.•…..•………..• 938 Haldeman .. • .. • . .. . • . .. • . .. .. .. • . • … 63~ – Moslem Christ, The. S. M. Zwemer …. 937 – Church and the Open Country. W. H. Wilson ..••••••..••.•……•…….••• 239 – New Schaff·Herzog Encyclopedia of Re- – Coming China. J. K. Goodrich ……..•• 237 ligious Knowledge. Vol. X and XI. – Conversion of India. Emil P. Berg……. 78 – Daylight in the Harem. A. Von Sommer Samuel Macaulay Jackson, Editor; 79; and S. M. Zwemer ………………. 478 Vol. XI, XII •…………………..• 478 – Dr. Alec's Sons. 1. H. Barnes …•….. 319 _ Down North on the Labrador. W. T. – Old Faiths and the New Gospel. A ll.

Grenfell •.•••…••••••.•….•……•.• 479 Simpson ••••.••.•••••.•…………••• 320 – Early Stories and Songs. M. C. Barnes 879 – Education of Women in China. M. E. – Open Letter to Society, Convict 1776 …• 319 Burton •…••.•.•….•••…….•…… 237 – Other Sheep. H. Begbie ………..•••• 317 – Eirenic Itinerary. Silas McBee……….. 77 – Every Man's Religion. G. Hodges …..• 319 – Outlines of Missionary History. A. Dea – Five Missionary Minutes. G. H. Trull •• 639 – Fountain Unsealed. B. & F. B. S. Report.. 79 Witt Mason ••••..•••……..•..•.. " 937 – Fetish Folk of West Afrka. R. H. Millig- — Pathfinder in South Central Africa. Wm. ton ••.• _••••..••.•.•….•….•..•….• 938 – Galax Gatherers. E. O. Guerrant……. 79 Chapman •••••••.••…•…•…….•••• 160 – Geography of China. H. B. Hawkins .•.• 318 – Girl that Goes Wrong.• R. W. Kauffman 559 – Photographic Exposure Record …….••• 72.0 – Glimpses of the Heart of China. E. C. – Pierson, Arthur T., by His Son……•••• 938 Perkins ••••.•.••.••.•••.•…………• 157 – Goodly Fellowship. R. Schaulller .. _.. __ . _ 638 – Primer of Hinduism. J. N. Farquhar ..• 399 – Gospel Primer •.••.•..••……….•.•..• 479 – Prisca of Patmos. H. C. McCook …••.•• 879 – Great Doctrines of the Bible. W. Evans 639 – Half a Century in China. A. E. Maule ..• 157 – Progress and Arrest of Islam. G. _ Happiest Girl in Korea. M. Z. Guthapie!. 160 Simon …………………………. 957 – Hudson Taylor in Early Years. H. Taylor 398 – Hudson Taylor's Choice Sayings. D. E. – Reappearing. C. Morice……….. • . • .• 239 Hoste, Compiler …………………. 159 – Revolt of Sundarama. M. J. Elmore ..• 478 – In a Far Country. Harriette B. Gunn… 80 – In the Shadow of the Drum Tower. L. D. – Russian People. M. Baring …………. 559 Garst …. _………………………. 159 – Saints of Formosa. C. N. Moody …..•• 878 _ India and Daily Life in Bengal. Z. F. – Seed Thoughfs for Right Living. A. S. Griffin ……..••……•.•.•.•..•..•••• 560 – India Awakening. S. Eddy •••.•……… 399 Hobart …•…..•..•••……..•….••• 879 – International Review of Missions. J. H. – Seventeen Years Among the Sea Dyaks, of Oldham …………………………. 157 Borneo. E. H. Gomes ……..••.••.•• 399 – Interpretation of India's Religious History, – Sila. O. A. Baldwin ………..•…•..• 478 Robert A. Hume … ;………………. 78 – Islam and Missions. E. M. Wherry….. 159 – Social Work of Christian Missions. A. W. – J oho G. Paton, A. K. Langridge and F. H. Taylor ••.•..••.••.•…….•……..•. 639 L. Paton …•.••..•….. _. . . . . . • • . . . .. 719 – King's Daughter •…. _….•………… 479 – Some Great Leaders in the World Move· – Land of Good Hope. H. Moore .•..•.•… 558 – Life or Legend of Gautama Buddha. P. ment. R. E. Speer……………….. 398 Bigandet " .•….•.•..••… _… _.. _….. 957 – South America To-day. G. Clemenceau. _. 558 – Ligat of the World. R. E. Speer ……. 880 • – Livingstone, the Pathfinder. B. Matthews 878 – Spring Blossoms •.•……………….• 479 – Livre D'or de la Mission du Lessonto .•.• 719 – Love of God. S. E. Stokes ..••.•…••• 879 – South American Problems. R. E. Speer .• 558 – Love Story of a Maiden of Cathay ••.•.• 238 – Madagascar Mission .•.•••.•..••.•.•..• 720 – Stolen Bridegroom. A. Abbot …….•.•.• 878 – Men and Religion. F. B. Smith .••••.•• 240 – Message from Batang. Z. S. Loftis •••••• 159 – Story of Korea. J. H. Longford …….• 397 – Messiah of the Talmuds. J. M. Tydings '720 – Minister's Social Helper. Theresa Hunt – Talks on David Livingstone. T. R. W.

Walcott ………………………… 79 Laut …•.•..••.•..•….•…………. 720 – Temptation. P. E. Howard ….. _…•.•• 720 – The Coming One. A. B. Simpson…….. 879 – Tiger and Tom ……………………. 479 – Turkestan: Heart of Asia. William E.

Curtis ••..•••…••••••..••.•…•.•.•.• 78 – Turkey and Its People. E. Pears ……•. 638 – Under the Prophet in Utah. F. J. Can- non and H. J. O'Higgins …………… 479 – Unification of the Churches. D. W.

Fisher ………………………. _… 239 – Where Half the World is Waking Up.

C. Poe ………………………….. 880 – World Book of Foreign Missions. E. T.

Ree'<! ………•……•.•••..•..••.••• 479 -Yellow Pearl .. _….. _……………… 239 – York Conference Report……………… 80 – Zigzag Journeys in the Camel Country.

S. M. Zwemer ..••••.•••••.••.••.••.•• 318 BoHvia, Reforms in ………………… 164, 863 – Revolution in …………………….. 803 Boon·Itt, Christian Leader of Siam (a) Belle M. Brain ……………………….. 321

INDEX

PAGE PAGE Booth, Memorial to General …………….. 867 China, Changes Since Dr. Martin Sailed in… 228 Borneo, Glad Tidings from……………. 886 – Christian Governor in ……………….• 625 Borneo, Mohammedans of………………. 722 – Christian Men in High Places in………. 785 – Opening Up of. •••…………………. 876 – Christian Unity in ………………..•.• 372 – Spread of Islam Upon ……………… 381 – Christianity in •…………………..• 73 Boy Scout Republic .••……………….. 225 – Conference on Missions in …………… 242 Brahman Convert ••••………………… 872 – Continued Chaos in •……………….• 1 – Inquirer. 1. S. Ponder …………….. 606 – Conversion of Loh, of. A. Y. Napier …• ·527 Brazil, Baptist Work in .•………………. 862 – Crowds Hearing the Message in ………. 787 – Fruit of Persecution in……………… 544 – Emergency Action for ………………. 706 – Nced the Gospel? Does. . . . . . . . . . • . . . . .. 224 – Famine in •.•..•………………….• 206 – Presbyterian Jubilee in …………….•.. 544 – Four Cheering Facts ……………….. 786 – Presbyterianism Making Gains in ………. 712 – Future Leaders of ………………….• 241 Brazilian Indians …..•……………..•.. 862 – Hunan Autumn Bible School ………… 874 British Missionary Income …………..•.. 620 – Inland Mission, Growth of …………..• 390 Buddhism, Decline in .••……………….• 230 – Islam in ……•.•..•.••……………• 229 – in Japan, Power of. ••..•……………• 701 – March of Events in .•……………….. 241 Buddhism in London…………………. 884 – Missionaries Maltreated in…………… 228 – in Practice (a) J. M. McGuire ……….. 336 – Missionary Conference at Swatow…….• 304 – Waning in Ceylon …•………………. 785 – Missionary Statistical Tables for………. 88 Buddhist Lama Near the Kingdom.. . . . . . . • .. 624 – Missionary Tragedy at Sianfu. Rev. Mr. Buddhists Converted in Burma……•…… 882 – Priest Baptized •••…•.•……………. 702 Beckman . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 773 Bulgaria, Mohammedan Sect in.. . .• • . . . • . . . . 68 – Modern Miracle in (a) Sherwood Eddy … 104 Burma, Buddhists Converted in .•….••.•• 882 – More Missionaries for .••……………. 73 Burma, Missionary Work of Native Churches – New Era in ………………………. 786 – New Men at the Front in ……………. 705 in (b) Sumner R. Vinton…………… 55 – New Rulers of…………………….. 82 – Polyglot College in …………………. 472 – North, Native Christians …………….. 552 Burmese Testimony •••••…..•…..•..•••. 623 – Observations in (b) J. Campbell White…. 44 Business Men, Cogent Appeal to………… 63 – Open Door in …………………….. 884 Cairo, New Advance in………………… 779 – Opportunity in …………………• 322, 472 – Strategic Center of Islam. Charles R. – Opportunity of the Church in ………..• 243 – Power of the Gospel in (b) William Watson …………………………. 768 – University of El·Azhar Sheikh Bonlos ….. 769 Cooper …………………………. 919 California's Flood of Foreigners………… 796 – Progress and Poverty in……………. 404 Call to Missions, Voices that …..•…..•…• 298 – Progress in •.•..••••..•….•.•……•.• 72 Canada, Church Union in ……………… 864 – Proposed University for ..•..•……….• 626 – Hindrance to Church Union in ……….. 634 – Real Cause of the Rebellion in .•……..• 142 – Laymen's Campaign in………………. 6 – Religion in (a) Frank Rawlinson ………. 177 Canadian Home l11ssions………………. 223 – Religious Changes in ……………….. 801 – Laymen, Activity of …………… . . . . .. 544 – Religious Liberty for……………….. 321 Cannibals, Gospel Gains Among …………. 155 – Results Among the Miaos……………. 228 Canton as a Religious Center …………… 473 – Results of the Revolution in ………….. 624 – Open Door in ..•••••••..•.•………… 384 – Retrospect of Fifty Years <a) Archdeacon Caste, Hindu Uprising Against ………….. 802 Catholic Church in Italy •….•…………. 469 Maule ………………………….. 87 – Missionaries on Lake Tanganyika…….. 311 – Revival Scenes in (b) J. Goforth ……..• 927 – World-A Correction •……………… 540 – School for Children of Missionaries in ….• 705 Caucasus, Religious Liberty in the………. 804 – Shansi Independent Church ..•……..•.• 802 Centennial Celebration, Fitting ………….. 312 – Significant Sign of the Times in .•…….. 706 Central America, Awakening in …………. 861 – Summary of Radical Reforms in …..•…. 551 – – Missionary Statistical Tables for .•…… 218 – "Tea·House" Mission in ……••…….. 142 Ceylon, Buddhism Waning in…………… 785 -The Man Who Seeded-Young J. Allen (a) – Christianity in (a) A. G. Fraser …..•••. 430 – Missions, Schools in ……………….. 303 W. E; Griffis .•••.•..••.•……..•….. 647 C. M. S. Missions, Prosperous ………….. 234 – The Situation in (a) ………………. 930 Chattanooga, Laymen's Convention at. ……. 223 – Tokens of Evil Appear in……………. 785 Chicago, Cutting Out Competition ……….. 466 – Traffic in Girls Continues in………….. 143 – Evangelistic Conference in ……….•…• 797 – Transition in •…..••…•…….•……. 472 – Persians in ……………………….. 220 – Traveling Then and Now in ……….•..• 303 Children and the City …………………. 216 – University of Nanking (b) L. Pearl Boggs 173 – of Missionaries in China, School for…… 705 – Up.to.date Device in ……………….. 384 CHINA, Aiming at Independence in .•.•..•.• 143 – War and Famine in ………………… 161 – and Opium Again …………………. 626 – What Missions Have Done For …•…•.•• 385 – Adopt Christianity? Will ……………. 162 – Wonderful Revival in ……………….. 873 – BY'products of the Famine in …..•..••.• 706 – Y. M. C. A. in ….•…..•..•…•…•.• 473 – Call for Christian Literature in……….. 384 Chinaman's Generosity ••..•….••••..•..••• 382 – Changes in ..•.•…•..•….•…..•..•.•. 645 Chinamen, Remarkable ………………… 551 China's Famine and Floods…………….. 82 – Strong Men ..••.•….••..•••…•…••.. 141

PAGE PAGE Chinese Character 303 Conference on Missions in China………… 242 – of South Africa, Fourth General Mis- – Christian Church …. , .. , …………. , .. 481 sionary .•..••.•…•••.••…..•..•..• , 847 – Christian Printing Establishment …….. . 552 – Missionary Experts in. Julius Richter …. 901 – Student Volunteer ………………… 225 – Christians, Two Specimens ………….. . 872 Continuation Committee, Meeting of the …. 795 Conversion of Loh of China. A. Y. – Converts in America ……………….. . 314 Napier …………•.•.•……..•…• 527 – Engaged in Home Missions ………….. . 228 Ccoperation, Christian Common Sense and – General Says, What a .• , … ,., ………• 228 (b) H. K. Carroll………………… 116 – in Practise, Unity and (b) Henry T. – Givers, Two Other ………………… . 143 Hodgkin . . …… . .. .. . . . . . . . . • .. … 112 – Governor, Prayer Asked for ………… . 552 – of Missionary Societies ……………. 165 – Practical Methods for Missionary (b) – Hungry for the Word … , ……………• 873 James L. Barton ………………… 34 – Idols, Passing of …. , .. , ……………• 303 Crawford, Daniel ……………………. 899 Crisis in Missions ………………….. 81 – Immensity of Things. _. _. _. _. _……… . 384 Criticism on Missionary 1vIethods ………. 218 – in America, Evangelistic Campaign for. .. . 634 Cuba, By·Products of Christian Missions – Leaders. Christian Education and …….. . 625 in . . . …•…..••……………..• 66 – Mission Hospital, Prayer Hung Up in – Gospel Power Felt in …..•… , ….•…• 394 Damien, Successor of Father…………… 541 Operating-room of ………………… . 263 Danish Mission at Hodeidah, Arabia.,…… 388 -Moody …••………………………• 303 DEATH. _ Boegner, Rev. A., of Paris …. , ……••• 316 – Moslems Astir ………………….. , .• 786 – Booth, General William ……. ,……… 800 _ Bunker, Alonzo ••••…..•…… , ..•..• 476 – on Denominationalism ………………. 133 – Chappel, Mary Holbrook ..•…………. 800 _ Diestellcamp, Pastor Ludwig, of Germany 636 – Republic, Problems Facing (b) Donald _ Ewing, Arthur H., of Inaia .. ,……… 877 – Funk, Isaac K ………… _. _……….• 377 MacGilivray ..•… , . • • • • • • . . • • • . . . . . •• 364 – Gracey, Dr. John T ……….. ,……… 156 – Harris, Dr. Elmore, of Toronto ……….• 156 – Revolution and Missions. John Ross…… 42 – Honda, Bishop Yoitsu …… , .. , ……••• 477 -Jessup, Samuel, of Syria ……………. 799 – Revolution from an Educational Viewpoint -John Griffith, of China ……………… 718 – Knox, George William in Korea ………. 475 (a) William Clement Isett. …………. 930 – Lang, David Marshall, of London …….. 636 -Lloyd, Arthur, of Japan …………….. 76 – Student Volunteer Movement …………. 644 – Mansell, Rev. Henry, of India……….. 76 – Matheson, James E" of London ………. 636 – Students Accepting Christ …•……… ,.. 552 – McLaurin, John, of India …•.•..••.. 477, 556 – Moffett, Mrs. S. A., of Korea ………..• 799 -Students' Christian Association ………… 315 – Moule, Bishop G. E ………………… 475 – Nicolai, Bishop ……………… , …… 477 – Students' Christian Union of Great Britain – Pearson, D. K., of Hinsdale., .. , . . . . . . . .• 4'76 – Pennell, Theodore L., of India ………. 475 and Ireland ……………………… 315 – Rudland, W. D" of China …..•. , •.••.• 236 – Seymour, Harriet, of Turkey …….. _… 396 – Students in America ..•…………… , .• 865 – Smyth, George B., of China .•.. , …….•• 156 – Sorenson, Wilhelm ………………… 396 – Students, Influence of America on (a) – Ziemendorff, Theodore •..•…. , .•……• 476 Denominationalism, Chinese on ……….. 133 Ying Yueh yang .•…•……..•…….. 353 Deficiencies in Modern Missions. (Editorial) 936 – University for Hankow …………….. 142 Ding Li Mei ….•••••….•…….•.••••..• 551. – Votes-for-Women Movement ………….. 874 Dinner in Beirut, Remarkable ………….. 708 – Woman Deacon ….. , ..••…•……….. 705 Disciples' Missionaries, India Convention Christ, the Missionary's Pattern …………. 215 of ……………………………. 707 Disunity, Shameful Case of ……••••••… 150 Christ's Mission, New york …………….. 222 Divine-Human Cooperation in the World's Christian Endeavor Convention in Norway … 869 Redemption (b) Delavan L. Leonard •• 589 Drummond Memorial, Henry …………..• 145 – Endeavor Moving on •……•…….. , .. 312 Dutch East Indies, Rhenish Society in the.. 155 Christian Village in Northwestern India (b) East Allame, The Nearer. G. F. Herrick … 887 Saint Nih.l Singh ……………….. 923 East Indies, Statistical Tables for Dutch .••• 380 Edea Sakbayeme. B. Hitcher •…..•..•.•••• 375 Christianity, How Do Men Judge ……… , .. 617 Church and the Immigrants (a) Leroy Hodges 167 ~ in China, Opportunity of the …………. 243 – Missionary Society, Prosperity Returning far the ……………………. 234, 713 – Union in Australia .•…………….. , .. 236 Churches in America, Mission Year in the .. 710 Cincinnati, World in ……………….. 149, 393 City, Children and the …………………. 216 – Colportage, Chronicle of …………….. 865 – Missions and Theological Student. (a) Edgar P. Hill ….•………….•… , .. 601 College for Religion and Social Workers ….. 313 Colombia, Opposition to the Gospel in.. . . . . .. 803 Committee Can Do, What the Missionary J. C. White ••..•• , .•..••..•….••. , .. 696 Commissariat, Missionary (b) William M.

Brewster ………………………… 598 Comstock, Anthony …. , .. , ………..•. , .. 391 CCinference in Persia …………..•……. 779 – in South Africa …•……••..•.••..•.•. 632 – in Sweden, National Missionary …….. 714 – in West Africa, Pan·Kongo Missionary .. 645 – of Mission Boards ••…••…..•••.•…• 165 – of Missionary Physicians •..•………… 223 – of Missionary Societies of Great Britain and Ireland …………………….. 646

INDEX

PAGE PAGE Education and Chinese Leaders, Christian. 625 Give, How Korean Student. • •••••••….•• 704 – in India, Christian ……………….. 550 Giving-A Self-Imposed Income Tax .••..• _" 65 – in New York, Missionary ………….. 543 – in Korea, Christian Union in ……•….. 474 – on the Mission Field………………. 796 – to Missions, E1(cuses for Not………… 62 Efficiency Test ………………………. 378 – to Missions, Reasons for Not .• _•..•. " 139 Egypt, Dr. Zwcmer to go to.•….••.•••.• 629 – Sacrificial (b) J. H. Jowett ………… 369 – to the Lord, Young Japanese ………. 628 – Efficient Missionary Helper ••••.•••••••.• 308 Goal of Missions ……………………. 62 – Great Annual Conference .•.•••••••…• 75 God, Doing our Best for. _…………… 217 – Missions in the Nile Valley……….. 75 – Thinks of Missions, What-Bible Read- – Netherlands Society in .•••••••••••••.• 715 ing. C. F. Reid…………………. 535 – Observations in …………………… 564 God's View of Idolatry. _… ____ . ____ .. _.. 438 Egypt, Strategic Points in Mission Work in 912 EI-Azhar, University of. (b) Sheikh Bonlos •• 769 England, Laymen's Movement in ………. 323 English Baptist Mission, Kongo • • • • • • • • .• 464 Gold Coast, Africa, Islam on the………. 309 Episcopal Church, Deplorable Situation in the 150 – – Five Kings at a Centennial on, ___ " 394 – Church in One City, Seven ….••••.•••• 230 – Diggers in South Africa, Among (a) A. W_ Baker …. __ ….. _…. _.. _….. _.. 424 – Protestant, Missionary Bishops 633 Eskimo Missions .. • • • • .. . .. . .. . .. .. • …. 711 Gospel in China, Power of the. William Eskimos of Labrador …….. _…. _…….. 711 Cooper •.••..•……….•••.•……..• 919 Europe-Evangelistic Campaign in Prospect 225 Gospel, Society for the Propagation of the 546 – Missionaryy Union for Southeast .. _.. …. 714 Gassner Missionary Society in India ….•• 383 – Work for Women Students in …..•••••• 154 Government in India, Missions and (b) B. Evangelistic Campaign in Prospect.. • • • • .• 225 C. Barber ………………………. 264 – Conference in Chicago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 797 Governments, Christian, and Is]am 562 Every-member Canvass Did, What the .•…• 149 – Missions and ••……••..•….. ' _..••• " 126 Excuses for not Giving to Missions…….. 62 Grace Episcopal Church _…•• '" .•.•…• 710 Exhibit, Sample Missionary …..•…..• " 866 Gracey, John Talbot (a) Delavan Leonard Exposition in England, United Missionary.. 866 Pierson • • • • ..•.. _•…… _• . . . . . • . •• 283 Faith and Order, Conference on………. 61 Famine in China . _. . . . • . . . . . • . . • . • • • • • .• 206 – – – Memorial Service for …………. 635 Great Britain and Ireland, Chinese Students'

– in China, By-products of. …..••••••••. 706 Christian Union of '" _.•. '" ……•• 315 "Feast of the Cocoanut" Baby, India (b) – – – – Conference of Missionary Socie- Richard Burges ………………….. 765 ties of …………………………. 646 Federal Council of the Churches of Christ Greece, Gospel in …. _….. ______ .. _. __ .. 566 in America •.. • . . •• . . . .•• . •• • • .• 149, 486 Grenfell's Heaviest Burden Removed . . . . • . 795 Federation of Churches in Japan_ ……… 806 Gospel Brings Light, How the………….. 785 Gossner Missionary Society, Finance of.. 469 Fez, Morocco, Disturbances at . . . . . . . . . . . . 562 Guatemala (a) Stanley White …•.. _•….•• 807 – Gospel in ………. ___ ……………. 151 Figue,ras Evangelistic Missions in Spain….. 225 Hague Conference on Opium ..••••….•. 324 Hartford School of Missions _..•.••..••.•• 221 Filipino, New Type of. Henry Weston Hawaii, Mormonism Invading••….••..•.•• 866 Munger . . • _. ____ •. _.• __ . ___ •.• _'" 526 Hayti, Gospel Work in ………………… 711 – Missions in ……………………….. 224 Finland, Advance in …………………. 713 Heathen, What the Bible Says of the James Fishers of Men ….. __ …. _.. _… _…. _'" 299 Smith •..•………•….•.••…..• 129 Foreign-Born in America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710 Heathenism "Hard Hit" ………………. 792 – in America ••..•.. " ….•..•…..•… 216 – Presbyterian Work for •• • . . • • • • • • • . ••. 865 – of the South Seas, Old Time. Wilbur – Immigration Menace ……………….. 865 Foreigners California's Flood of ..•…•••••• 796 F. Crafts ••••…•…•.•••…..•.•••.. 529 – in America ………………………. 542 Hebrews, America's Share of ………….. 866 Hinder Christ, How Good Men .•…..••••• 699 – Presbyterian Work Among .•••••••••••• 709 Hindu, Condemns Hinduism _… _, _•.. _.•• 301 Formosa, Conditions in ………………. 30S – Uprising Against Caste .•.•.•..••..••.• 802 – First Conference of Missionaries in…. 629 Hinduism Aroused to Action __ …•. _…. 707 – To-day, Missions in (a) Hope Moncrief 95 – Typhoon Trials on the Mission Field… 229 – Heights and Depths of (a) J. N. Far- France? England to Evangelize……….. 153 quhar • _ _ _ ______ . __ • _•…. ___ .•. _. 247 – McAII Mission Honsed •.•• ,………… 867 – Outlook for the Gospel in…. • • •• • • •• 868 – Protestantism in .. _……'………….. 389 French Protestants, Religious Needs of…• 316 Georgia, Berry School in……………… 223 – What is •…•….••.•••..•••…•••.••.• 301 Hindus in Trinidad, Work for _. . . • • • • • • • • •• 225 German Baptists' Wark in Kamerun…. .. 629 Hiraiwa, Yoshissu •• _…… , ……….. 553, 627 Home Church and Foreign Missions (b) • – Colonies, Cost of Missions in………… 469 Robert E. Speer ………………… 682 – Seamen's Mission …………………. 713 – Mission Week …. _……………….. 859 –Work …………………………. 634 – Societies, Forward Movement of…….. 68 – Missions, Canadian ………………… 223 – Universities, Interest in Missions in …. 564 – – Chinese Engaged in ……………… 228 – – Council ……………………….. 326 – Women in Volunteer Parish Work …••• 546 —Work of the …………………. 6S Germany. Mission Study in .. ___ . __ • ___ •. _.• 565 – Student Volunteers in …………….. 67 Gift for Indili, Strategic ……………… 146 "Gideon." Invading the Orient………… 548

l'AG]! PAGE Home Missions, Going Abroad to Study ••••• 796 – CensuS, Figures …………………… 556 – – in America, Outlook for (a) Ward – Illiterates, Easy Method for. J. Knowles 269 Platt •.•.••.•••••.•.•…•..••.••••••• 823 – Native Congress …………………… 3()Z – – i n East Africa …………………. 76 – Students, Bibles for ……………….. 382 – – in North America ……………. • 1 – Tribe, Christianized • .. . • • .. • .. . .. • …. 152 How do Men Judge Christianity………. 617 Indians, American-Miracle of the Nez Iceland, Gospel in …………………… 869 Perces. (a) A. M. McClain ..•…..•..•• 567 Idolatries, Power Behind ••••••..•.•••••••• 348 – in the United States ……………….. 798 Idolatry, God's View of……………….. 438 – of Paraguay, Work Among .•.••..•..••.• 863 Immigrant, Practical World·Wide Service to – Recent Wrongs to American ……….. .- 711 the (a) Charles R. Towson ……….. 829 India's Evangelization, Native View of (b) – What New Britain is Doing to Help the P. O. Philip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294 (b) Mrs. B. W. Labaree ………… 835 – Foe-Alcohol . . . . ………………… 301 Immigrants, Church and …………. .. … 540 -Women, Emancipation of …………••.• 471 – Church and the (a) Leroy Hodges …… 167 – – Old Age of. …………………….. 870 – Nationality of ……………………. 224 International Missionary Union •…….•.• 396 – To make Citizens of……………….. 709 Investigation of Missions, Peculiar …….. 538 Income, British Missionary ., . . • • • • • • • • • •. 620 Ireland's Great Revival ……………….. 225 Incredible Facts of Modern Mission (a) Islam Awakening? Is ………………… 401 Arth'ur T. Pierson ……………….. 689 – Cairo the Strategic Center of. Gharles INDIA, American School Stands First…… 72 R. Watson …………………….. 768 – Awakening ……………………….. 85 – Christian Governments and ………. .402, 562 – Bibles by the Million for…………… 706 – in Abyssinia • . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. .• 466 – Census Notes ……………………… 145 – in Africa, Battle Against…………… 483 – Centenary of American Missions in •••••. 783 – in China ………………………… 229 -Centennial Near at Band in ………… 383 – i n Java ………………………….. 86 – Change Wrought by the Gospel in …… 227 – c>n tbe Gold Coast, Africa…………… 309 – Christian Education for …..•… " …. 550 – c>( Christianity in the Philippines? ….. 794 – Christian Growth in Thirty years …… 470 – Officially Recognized in Austria ……•..• 621 – Christian Progress in ……………… 301 – Pan·, in Russia …………………… 722 – Church Union in ………………….. 549 – Spreading in Nyassaland …………..•. 792 – Congress of Religions in All………… 71 – Upon Borneo, Spread of. …………… 381 – Convention of Disciples, Missionaries .•• 707 Islands of the Sea, Australasian Missionary – Decennial Census in ………….. . . … 227 Society in the ……………………. 793 -Efficient Service of Bible Women in …. 302 – – – – Missions in the. Facing. . . . . • .. 460 – "Feast of the Cocoanut" Baby in (b) Italian Bible Society, New …………….. 621 Richard Burges . • • .. ……………. 765 Italo·Turkish War, India and the ……..•• 382 – Federation in ……………………… 244 Italy, Catholic Church in………………. 469 -Gospel Triumphs in…………………. 70 – Pressing Forward, Waldensians of …….. 315 — Gossner Mission Converts .. . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Itigidi, West Africa, Wonderful Story of (b) -Higher Missionary Schools in………… 71 W. A. Gardiner …………………. 853 – Is a Better Day Dawning for ………. 243 Jaffa, Tabetha Mission in………………. 622 -Lutheran Conference, All-George Drach. 445 JAPAN a Persecutor? Is ………………. 702 – Mission Schools in' ………………… 470 – Baptist Program for ……………..•.. 643 – Missionary Statistics of. •……………. 300 – Chinese Students in ………………. 874 – Missions and Government in (b) B. C. – Christian Growth in ……………….. 627 Barber . . . . . . ….••……………, 264 – Christian Ideals Adopted in………… 73 – Moving Christward ………………… 404 – Christian Memorial in ……………… 554 -Northwestern, Christian Village in (b) – Christianity in ……………………. 642 Saint Nihal Singh …… .. .. .. .. . …. 923 – College, North (b) David B. Schneder .• 436 – Paradoxes of •. '" . . . .. . . . . . . • . . . . . … 144 – Composite Religion Proposed in …..•..• 473 – Persecution of Converts in ………… 383 – Decline of Buddhism in ……………. 230 – Progress of Moral Reform in ………. 382 – Family Worship in ……. .. .. . .. . .. .. 386 "" Religious Literature in ••.•…….•.••.. 784 – Federation of Churches in………….. 806 – Roman Catholic Educational Work in…. 871 – Fight for Social Purity in………….. 482 – Selling Bibles in ………………….. 549 – Foes of Christianity in ……………… 162 – Serious Lack of Missionary Pastors……. 349 – Good Tidings from ………….. : …… 386 – Signs of Dawn in …………………. 483 – His Word Gives Light in ………….• 554 – Story from. Connecting Link ………. 532 – How Family Worship is Conducted in …. 788, – Summer School for ……………….. 550 – Influence of the Bible in……………. 14 – Two Missions Become One in……….. 872 – Manifold Christian Progress in………. 701 – Union Theological College of South…… 145 – Methodism in " ………………….• 474 – What Remains to be Done in .•…•••…• 145 -Missionaries Needed for ……………. 618 – What the Visit of the Empress Did in .• 784 – Missionary Problems in (a) ………….• 659 – Women Doctors in ………………… 707 – Missionary Union in……………….. 3 – Work Among English·Speaking Peoples .• 623 – New Emperor of …………………. 701 Indian Association, American • . • • • • . . . . • • 65 – Practical Federation in ……. . . . . . . • .• 403 – Dishop, First N"tive H9 " … , ••• ,. I' • II … – Reli~ous Conferen~e ip , …. , , • , . , .• ,. 40Z PAGE PAGII Japan, R.,ligious Problem in (b) Henry Loomis 664 Korea, Fruit of Fidelity in…. . . . . • • . • • • . • •• 554 – Serious Hindrance to the Gospel in…… 144 – Further News from ……………….. 641 – Seven Episcopal Churches in One City.• 230 – Future Educational Policy for .••••••••••• 643 – Strength of Non·Christian Religions in .• 788 – Henry G. Appenzeller. of (a) William E. – Unity in ………………………… 875 Griffis ……………………….. 271 – Value of a Native. Ministry in ………. 230 – Japanese Ooud in ………………… 858 – – Persecution in ………………….. 163 – What God Has Done in Kobe ..•….•.• 875 – – Resident in …………………….. 628 Japanese Cloud in Korea ……………… 858 – Leprosy in ………………… ;……. 703 -=. Converted in Prison by the Study of the – Letter from .. .. • .. • .. • .. .. .. .. .. .. … 698 – Moving on Toward Self·Support•…….• 231 Bible ……………………….. 627 – Need for Bible Schools in. Wilbert W. – Giving to the Lord…………………. 628 – in America ………………………. 65 White ………………………. 127 – Korean Bible Committee …………… 144 – Prayer·life in • • • ………………. 703 -Many·sidedness of Things ……………• 701 – Presbyterian Host in ………………. 305 -Methodist Bishop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553, 627 – Progress of Christianity in (b) W. L.

– Persecution in Korea ……………… 163 Swallen • • • . . …………… : ….. 594 – Persecutors? Are the ……………… 789 – Prison, Transforming a .••…………• 702 – Salvation Army in…………………. 386 – Religion of Educated ……………….. 473 _ Stirring Letters from (a) D. L. Pier. – Residents in Korea •. . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. .• 628 – Suicide Sanctioned by Law…………… 628 son ………………………… 50S – Testimony of a Christian……………. 73 – Tribute to Missionaries in ………. _. .. 386 – View of Missions in Japan (b) Adachi – Union and Division (b) Helen T. Billings 189 – What God is Doing in Pyeng yang…… 305 Kinnosuke • • • ………………….. SO – Y. M. C. A. in ……………….. 74,475 _ Was Converted. Row a ……………… 304 – – in Seoul ………………………. 628 Java, Islam in …………………….. 866 Korean Christian Endured, What One .•.•• 703 Jew·Hate in South Russia ••••……•…..• 714 _ Christianity. Picture of. F. H. Paton ..•• 615 Jewish Seekers in Russia………………. 805 – Convinced by Christlike Deeds………. 387 Jews. Bible for the…………………… 66 -Missions in a Nutshell ……………. 230 – in Morocco, Massacres of ••….•……•. 789 – Religious Tract Society ………•.•..•• 231 – i n Palestine, Work for …………….. 781 – Students Give. How.. . .. . .. . .. . . . . . … 704 – in Russia ………………………… 226 Koreans and Japanese Fraternize……….. 74 Jerusalem, Jewish University at………… 69 – Self·Sacrifice Among ………………. 554 – Port of ………………………….. 548 Krus of Liberia, Work of Grace Among the. John. Dr. Griffith …………………. 304 Jubilee. Fruits of the Women's …………. 544 Walter B. Williams………………. 760 Kameroons, Basel Mission in the Southern. Kurdistan, Difficulties in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 708 – Work Begun in ………………….. 470 B. Hitcher ………………………. 375 Kuweit, Arabia, Occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Kameruns, Basel Mission in the Southern. Labrador, Dr. Gre'llfe))'s Heaviest Burden -New ………………………….. 233 Karmarkar, Vishnu Bhaskar (b) Richard Removed •• _ ………………….. 795 Burges ……………………… 765 – Eskimos of ………………………. 711 Kenoly, Jacob, Sketch of the Life of (a) C. Lambreth's Tour, Bishop ……………….. 717 Lambuth, Bishop, Among Cannibals …••..• 555 C. Smith ………………………. 752 Laos, Apostle to the: Daniel McGilvary Kbartum, Notable Union Service in …… 631 Kobe, What God Has Done in ………… 875 (a) John T. Faris ……………….. 727 Kongo, Affairs in the Upper…………. 4 _ Christians as Missionaries …..•… _. . •• 381 _ Cheering News from the …..•………. 717 Laymen in Church Work ……………… 7~7 _ English Baptist Mission on the………. 464 _ Training Schools for ………………. 797 – From the Upper…………………… 791 Laymen's Campaigu in Canada………… 6 _ Further News from the • • . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . 463 – Conference in Australia…………….. 86 _ Convention at Chattanooga .• . • . . . . . . .• 223 – Marvel Upon the …………………. 630 _ Missionary Movement of the. Presbyterian _ Mission, Conditions in the… • . . . . . . . . .. 147 _ Missionay Literature on the ……. ·……• 630 Church. . ……………………. 635 – Power of the Gospel in the………… 463 _ Movement in England …………….. 323 _ Present Conditions in the. John H. _ Movement is Doing, What the …••..• 391 Harris ………………………. 442 _ Movement Plans ….. • .. • .. . . .. .. . .. … 313 – Progress in the …………………… 790 Leipsic Evangelical Luther.,n Mission……. 226 _ Prosperous Mission on the………….. 394 Lepers in South America .•••… _…•…• 796 _ Reforms • . • • • …………………. 463 – of the Far East, Hope for………….. 367 _ State, In Straits for Toilers at Luebo 147 _ Successor to Father Damien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541 Leprosy .in Korea ……………………. 703 Koran, Persian Copy of the (b) J. David· Liberia, Self-Appointed Missionary to. Jacob son Frame ……………………… 761 Kenoly (a) C. C. Smith ………….. 752 KOREA, Achievement of a Quarter-Century in 230 _ Work of Grace Among the Krus of -Changes in ………………………. 2 – Changes Seen in One Village in…….. 144 Walter B. Williams ……………… 760 _ Christian Union in Education in…••.•. 474 Library, Ship's Missionary…………….. 633 Link, Connecting-Story from India. Anstice – Conditions in • • • •.• .. .. • .. • .. .. • .. •• 723 Abbott …………………………. 533 Lin Sllao.Yang a European ..•…..•…….• 229 Mohammedans in Togoland •………….• 309 Literature in India, Religious .•…….. " 784 – of Borneo …………………….. ,.. 722 Livingstone Sellolarsllip in Prospect……… 620 – Upon Sumatra, Opposition of ………•• 236 Livingstone's Birtll, Centenary of………•. 620 .:::::::: Moody Bible Institute to Date………… 64 LivinJ!8~onia, Good '1;'idings from………… 465 ~~~::t:n PMi!!r;: iht BS~~r;~m ~~.~ ~~~ – Stlrnng Scenes Itt •••••••••••••••••••• 876 – Missions, Present State of. . . . . . . . . . . . 61 London, Buddllism in •…..••.•.•…•….. 884 Moravian. for Retrenchment. ……..•…..• 226 Lord's Prayer Corrected ….••…….. " 406 – in Nicaragua. T. Reinke.. . . . . • . . . . . .• 208 Los von Rome Movement. ….•……….. 154 Mormon Missionaries, Activity of ……..•• 710 Lumber·Jack Call of the. (a) CIlas. A. Bowen 513 Mormonism Invading Hawaii …….•.. " 866 Lutberan Conference,' All·India. George – o.f To-day ………………………… 166 – To Counteract …….. , …………….. 868 Drach ••••••.•….•……………. 445 Morocco, Disturbances at Fez ……………. 562 Madaasear, Antagonism in ……………. 163 – Franco-German Agreement for………. 146 – Evd Case of ……………….. '.' … " 792 – Massacres of Jews in ……………… 789 – Heathen Revival in •… ,…………… 148 – Troubles in ……………………… 231 – L~te~t fro.m ………………………. 633 Moslem Call to Arms ……………… 789 – MISSIOns In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 – Missions, For …………………….. 151 – Revival in ……………………. '" 718 – on Matrimony and Divorce. M. Fadi! 131 – Testimony to the Success of MissiImB…. 234 Madero, President, and the Bible………. 222 m – World, Claims of the (b) Robert E. Madras, High'caste Hindus in …………..• 145 Malagasy Prince …………………….. 235 -~Ki;e';"e;"t~ 'i; ti.~:: :::::: ::: :::::::: Malaysia, Anglo·Chinese School in………. 381 – – Prayer for the ………………… 721 – ProflTess in Siam and……………….. 380 Moslems Astir, CIlinese …. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 786 – Stahstical Tables for …………….. 380 – Crowding into Christian Schools…….. 70 Malcolm, Ian Z., on Missionary Methods …. 218 – in Europe, Strengthening Work Among.. 387 Mandarin to Terms, Bringing a . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 – Petitioning for a School in Sierra Leone 147 Manila, Students or ………………….. 794 – Touched by Medical Missions ……….. 715 Manchu Women Astir ……………….. 786 Mothers of the Teml1le ………………. 298 Manchus, Physician who Overthrew the .. 553 Matt's World TOUT, John R …•••.•.•…. 635 – What is Left to…………………… 472 Nanking, Great Educational Center in…… 142 MeAn Mission Anniversary …………….. 713 – Union Bible School in……………… 384 – – Fitly Housed in France…………… 867 – University of (b) L. Pearl Boggs …… 173 McGilvary, Daniel; The Apostle to tbe Laos Narrowness and Indifference …••..•…….. 718 Natal, Rejoicings in ………………. 148, 394 (a) John T. Faris ………………. 727 Native Churches in Burma, Missionary Work Mecca, Visit to a Woman Pilgrim from. of (b) Sumner R. VIOton…………. 55 Ne8'l:O, American, Tuskagee to Date .. ,….. 64 (a) Josephine E. Spaetb ………..• 771 – First Internahonal Congress on the (b) Medical Experiences on tbe Afghan Fron· A. W. Baker ………………… '" 440 tier (a) T. L. Pennell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 – Missions. Moslems Touched by ……… 715 Men and Religion Forward Movement .. 325, 379 – International Conference on the…. . . .. 393 Men's Conservation Congress . . . . . . . . . .• 405 – Mental Capacity of ………………… 464 – Missionary Movement ………………. 314 – Self·Help Creed for ………………. 798 – Society and Missions, Cburch of Eng· – Work for the ……………………. 467 Netherlands Society in Egypt…••………. 715 land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : … 713 New Britaiil is Doing to Help. tllle Immi· Merchants and Missions……………….. 543 Methodism in Japan …………….. " 474 grant, mat (b) Mr!. B. W. Labaree .. 835 Methodist Church of Japan.••.•.••.•••…..• 144 New Hebrides, Misgnvernment in the ….•• 236 – Progress in Algeria…………………. 789 – Secretaries • • . . ……………… " 542 –News from the………………… 156 – Order of Life …………………… 138 – Women, Works of ……………….. 542 New York a Native or Foreign City_ …….. 314 – Work in Tunis .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. … 462 Methodists in North Africa…………… 875 – – Christ's Mission • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 222 – – Church Extension in .. .. .. .. . .. . … 220 Methods, An M. P.'s Criticism on Missionary 218 – – Population of Greater ………….. 392 :: :: Mexico, Conditions in 861 l"ew Zealand Almost for Prohibition ….• 541 218 – Missionary Statistical •T~bl~~' • f~;:: Nez Perces, Miracle of the (a) A M. Me· – Situation in …. .. .. . .. .. . . . .. .. • .. …. 484 – Statistics for ……………………. 219 Clain ………………………….. 567 Nicaragua, Moravians in. T. Reinke .•••.• 208 Miaos, CIlina, Results Among tbe………. 228 Nile MiSSIOns Pre.s ………………….. 308 Mission Fields, Voices from the. John R. Mott ………………………… 608 Non·Christian Teachers in Mission Schools.. 913 North Africa, Methodists in ………….. 875 Missionaries as Empire Builders …….•.• 219 – Systematic Training for (b) Georgina A. Norway, Christian Endeavor Convention.. 869 ONbyearslsianl,anSd1nanIssilaDmay Spreadi ng in .. '….•• " 792 Golloch ……………………… 197 at …. … . …. …… .. 312 – Unwilling . • . … . .. . .. . . . .. • .. . .. .• 137 Offerings, Missionary, in New york …….• 543 Missionary Assets and Liabilities, 1911 (a) Okayarna, Social Settlement in the Slums James S. Dennis…………………. 7 of (a) Kate G. Lamson…………… 907 – Education Conference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 795 Opimn Again, CIlina and ……………… 626 – – Movement, Conferenee of .•…•…. " 866 -China and ……………………….. 551 Missionary Experts in Conference (a) – Curse, Britain Abating the ….•…….•. 871 Julius Richter •.•…•.••..•.••……. 901 .- from CIlina, Eradicating…………….. 142 – Forces, Additions to tbe……………. 220 =r::d~~' ~~~lereo:ce" ::::::::: ::: ::::::: ~g – Hague Conference on .•.. .. .. • . . . .. . .• 324 Opportunities In the World Field. J. W. Bashford • • • • ………………… 775 – Life, Facts and Fiction About (b) C. T. Orientals, Union Work for •…….•…..• 864 Riggs ………………………. 684 – Union Work for, on the Pacific Coast.. 5 -RE."~Ew, Thirty·five Years of the ………. 937 Palestine, Good News and Evil from …… 782 -SPlMt ……………………….. 137 – Progress in ………………………. 69 – Thoughts • • • . ……………….. … 839 Missions and Government in India (b) B. – Strategic Mission Center .•.••..•.•.•…• 782 – ~:yrian Orphanage Rebuilt •••…••.•..•• 227 C. Barber ………………………. 264 – Work for Jews in ………………… 781 – and Omissions (b) Amos R. Wells .•… 422 – Roman Catholic, Europe. Facing lage. 560 Pamphlets, Recent ……………………. 640 Panama Canal Zone, Conditions in………. 152 – Incredible Facts of Modern (a) . T. —Needs of the …………………. 861 Pierson . . . . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. … 689 Mission Schools, Non·CIlristian, Teach.,.,.s in 913 Papal Missions to Protestants …….. • . . • 63 Paraguay, Work Among Indians of …•..•• 863 Modern Views of Missions……………. 459 Parents of Volunteers ………………… 62 Mohammedan Sect in Bulgaria………… 68 – World in this Generation, Evangelization PariSI Britisb·American Y. W. C. A. of…. 225 – Missions Society, New Dicector of….• 546 of (a) S. M. Zwemer…………….. 746 Pastor's Movement Needed .•.• , ..• , . . . •• 140

INDEX

FAGB mPAGI!; Pattern, Christ, ·The Missionary's••…..•.. 215 ~:~~ t~:dGo~~~1 ~~~leWiij,~i~"F~tl~;:::::: Paul's Missionary Principles ……••…….. 616 Paul's Missionary Program ……………. 938 Peace, Agitation for Universal ……….•. 314 – Church Growth in …………………. 468 – in Need, Millions in………………… 69 -and War, Cost of.. ……………….. 59 Peking, Princeton in…………………. 873 – tew.hate in South. .. • .. .. .. .. .. . .. …. 714 – ewish. Seekers in …. .. .. • .. .. . .. …. 805 Pennell, Mrs. Theodore L ….•..••••..•• 784 – ews IU …………………………. 226 Persecution in India …………………. 71 – an·Islam in ……………………… 722 – of Converts in India ••••….•..•…•…• 383 – Persia and ……………………….. 3 – P~ogressing. Bal1tist Work in………… 324 PERSIA and Russia …………………. 3 RUSSIan Women Students. Work Among .. 388 – Bible Work in…………………….. 227 – Boycott in ……………………….. 782 Sacrifice. Wilfred T. Grenfell. ………• 128 Sailors, Ministering to the Needs of……… 64 – Girls Becoming Christians in………… 783 – in 1912, Missionary Conference in …••••• 387 Salvation Army, Foreign Missions of the .• 849 – Misgovernment in ••• ~ . • • • • • . .. . . • . . • • • .• 306 – – in Korea • .. • .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . … 386 –in New york ………………….. 390 – Missionary Conference in…•……..•••• 779 – – t o Date ……………………… 712 – Missionary Outlook in………………. 406 – Missionary Work in Bagdad….•••.•.••• 623 –to Enter China………………….. 875 – New Bishop of ………………….. 870 – – Year of the …………………….. 313 Samoa and India Send Gifts …………•• 542 – Poor Little Mothers in ….••……••• 783 Samoan Note-Marvel in Samoa . . . . . . . . . . . . 541 =i~~~fe."[~rf~~~•.i~•. :::::::::::::::::::: g!~ Schools for Christian Workers in Scotland. 620 – in India as Missionary Agencies………. 470 Persian Copy of the Koran (b) J. Davidson Scientific Management of Missions ……… 377 Frame ………………………….. 7'61 Persians in Chicago .•••••••….•..•….••• 220 Scotchman and hi. Use of the Bible. Tenacious 899 Persia's Plight and Plea (a) H. C. Scbuler 183 Scotland, Bible League in……………… 468 Peruvian Rubber Atrocities •…•••.•…• •• 724 – Schools for Christian Workers in …….• 620 Pbilafrican Mission ………………… , 792 Scottish Missions Cost, What………….. 468 Philippine Islands, Difficulties in the…… 794 Scott's Golden Wedding. Dr. T. J ..•……• 635 – School Burned, Famous……………..• .741 Self·Support, Korea Moving on 'Toward…. 231 Philippin~~. Bible in the………………. 877 Sermon, Nine Points for a Missionary …. 619 Shanghai, Memorial Christian Hall in…… 143 – Bible work in the …………………. 793 – Resoue Work in …………………… 874 – Gains of Twelve years.•.••……..•.. 794 – Training School Opened Near………… 705 – Islam or Christianity?……………… 794 Shansi Independent Church. China …….. 802 – Presbyterian Success in •…….•…… 235 – Religious Liberty in the……………. <tItl Ship's Missionary Library ••.••.••………• 633 Physicians, Conference of Missionary…… 223 SIAM. Among the .Women of •••……….• 550 -and Her New KIDg (b) P. L. S. T ….• 360 Pierson Memorial, Arthur T………….. 538 – and Malaysia, Progress in .•………… 380 Plague in Siam ……………………… 708 Porto Rico, Missions in .•.•……… o' • • • • •• 224 – Becoming Modernized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 228 Prayer and Missions. John R. Mott…….. 822 – Boon·Itt, Christian Leader (a) Belle M. Brain ……………………….. 327 Pray. How to "Thy Kingdom Come" (b) – Changes in ….. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. . 3 John H. Jowett………………….. 584 – Encouraging Progress in .•…………..• 565 Prayer for the Moslem World ………..• 721 – Hung up in Operating.Room of a Chineseo – Missionar.ies .Hindered in ……•…….. 624 Mission Hospital …………………. 263 – OPlpapgouretu!Illllty…ID………….•……………..•.•……………… 381 = u:.f ::::: – Life in .Korea…………………….. 703 – 708 ~i!k OU.r.. ~:~:~'.. ~~~~~c:~~~~: 3~y – Statistical Tables for …. . .. . . . . .. . . . .. 380 Siberian Exile Converted. Louis Meyer…… 203 Sierra Leone Chureh, Juhilee of the…..• 875 Preshyterian Church South ………….• 710 – Foreign Missions. Growth of ………..• 393 – – Fourah Bay College ……………… 462 -Jubilee in Brazil …………………. 544 – – Moslems Petitioning for School in…. 147 Sinews of War (b) Samuel M. Zwemer .•.. 494 – Union in Korea ••…•……………..• 554 Slaves, Last of the Arab. . . • . . . • . • • . • • •• 631 – Work Among Foreigners ……………• 709 – Work for the Foreign·born ………..• 865 – Selling Wives as. in Africa…………. 630 – Work. Fruit from ………………… 232 Slovaks. Annual Eruption of. . . • . • . . . • •• 799 Presbyterianism Making Gains in Brazil. ..• 712 Social Purity in Japan. Fight for …….. 482 Press Bureau, Missionary •…………… 536 Social Settlement in the Slums of Okayama Princeton in PekinJJ ………………… 873 (a) 'Kate G. La1D$On ……………. .,. 907 Printing-press as an Evangelizer………… 382 Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge 390 South Afri"", Fourth General Mosaionary Con- Progress. Judging Missionary •..•…… : 138 ference of ……………………… 847 Prospectus for 1913 ………………….. 937 Putamayo Indians, Missions to the…….. 725 – – Missionary Occupation of (a) H. P.

Qua lboe Mission …………………… 462 B""ch ;,' : • .:…………………… 840 Raj a who Sacrificed a Throne for Christ. – African Orient ••.. '" ……………. 310 Saint Nihal Singh ……………….. 200 – America. Bible in Chinook Jargon …… 795 Ramabai. Pandita. At Mukti with ………. 383 – – Bibles for ……………………… 112 Religion. Comparative ………………… 537 – – Evangelical Union of …………..• 153 – – First Students' Conference in…….. 861 -in China (a) Frank Rawlinson …•…. 177 – – Lepers in ………………………. 796 Rescue Mission Work …………………. 221 Responsible? Who is………………….. 380 – – What a Testament did for a Soldier in 712 – American Heathenism • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • .• 467 Rest Home for Missionaries………….•• 544 – Americans, Bible for • .. • .. . .. • .. . …. 795 Review. Future of the ………………. 460 – America's Indians …………………. 545 Revival Scenes in China (b) J. Goforth …..• 927 Rhenish Missionary SOcIety……………. 547 Southland. Men of the………………… 245 Rhodesia. Revival of Heathenism in. . . . .• 148 South Seas. Old Time Heathenism of the. Richter, Julius, of Germany……………. 67 Wilbur F. Crafts………………….. 529 Richter'. Future Work. Dr. Juliu.. . . • . . •• 868 Spain, Figueras Evangelistic Mission in…. 22G Roman Catholic Educational Work in India 871 – R~ligious Ne~. of (b) Adolfo Araujo …. 612 Spamsh. Our NeIghbors the •…. : .•..•.••.• 863 – – Europe, Missions and ••••.. Facing page 561 – – Missions ……………………….. 63 – .R.eligjous T,act and Book Society…….. 546 Spltlt·Fdled Llf~~ Influence of a ……•..• 30r – – Missions to the non·Christian World. Spirtual Life, Missionary's Own. Donald .. . .. .. . .. • ….. … .. • .. .• Facing page 560 Fraser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 – – University for Japan……………. 74 – Catholics and Politics ………………. 391 Statistical Tables for China, Missionary…. 88 – – in Belgium …………………….. 565 Rome and Mixed Marriages.•…•….•.••• 154 – – .for India. Burma and Ceylon. Mis- Rotbkirch, Eberhard von……………….. 547 – ~lo~a7Ie;"i~0·. 'C~nt;"'I' A';;e~i~~ •~;"d' W;st 300 Rubber Atrocities. Peruvian ••.• , .•• '" ••• 724 Indies ……………………….. 218 Rubnsana. Dr. ………………………. 464 – – for Siam, Malaysia and Dutch East Russell, C. T .• Pastor …………………. 538 Indies • '. • • .. ……………… ; … 380

PAGE PAGE Statistics, American Church •••••••…….. 221 Tuskegee to Date ……………………. 64 -for M19e1x1I1coM.is.s.i.o.n.a.r.y…… …… . . … …… 60 Uganda. Christmas in …………………. 395 _ for …… . . … …… 219 – Church. Present …………………… 631 _ of India. Missionary ……………….. 300 – Hopeful Outlook in ………………… 631 – of Missions in Africa……………….. 460 – Second ………………………….. 311 _ of Roman Catholic Missions.•. Facing page 561 Unifying Force. Missions as a………….. 62 Strategy. Missionary …………………. 616 Union and Division in Korea (b) Helen T. Student Volunteer Conference .••.••.•.••• 225 Billings …….. .•• . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. .• 189 –Movement, Chinese ……………… 644 – Church, a Success in South India….•..• 146 – Volunteers in Germany……………… 67 – Hindrance to Church, in Canada…….. 634 Students' Conference in South Africa… First 861 – in Canada. Church…………………. 864 Students. Influence of America on <.;hinese -in India. Church …………………… 549 (a) Ying·Yueh Yang …………….. 353 – of Effort in South Africa ……………• 555 Study_ Class at Work. Women's Mission. – Work for Orientals on the Pacific Coast.. 5 -l'l:r… W~ H. Farmer…………….. 48 United Presbyterian Church-Million Dollars _ M.ss.on. 10 Germany ……………… 565 for Miss.ons …………………… , 246- _ _ Ur~d in Eurolle………………… IS4 – – Mission. American ………………. 302 Sudan Pioneer M.ss.on ….. • . .. . .. .. • … 308 – Presbyterians Aiming at a Million Dol· _ Women in the. Karl Kumm …………. 441 lars ………………………….. 634 Sumatra. Mission Jubilee in ……….••.. 816 – States. Indians in the ……………… 798 – Opposition of M'ohammedans Upon…… 236 – – Men of the Southland……………. 245 _ Progress Among the Bataks in ………. 155 – – Union Work for Orientals in the….. 5 Sunday School. Greatest Men's Organiza· Unity_ and Cooperation in Practise (b) tion ………………………. ,. 314 Henry T. Hodgkin………………… 112 Sun Yat Sen ……………………… 85. 553 – Bishop on Christian ………………… 153 _ _ – AntecedenTs of …… .. …. .. .. … 385 – Christian and Missions …………….. 58 Surinam, Moravian Mission in ……….•• 545 -;-as !' Missio~ary Asset (b) Silas McBee. 40 Sweden, General Missionary Conference in.. 68 – m Chma, ChrIStian ………………… 372 _ National Missionary Conference in …••… 714 – in Japan …'………………………. 815 Syria, Beirut Theological Seminary. • . • • . .. 306 – in our Lord's Intercessory P"y~_r…… 300 _ Fruit of the Gospel in …………… 410 – Possible to·da,. in Missionary Work Is Syrian Orphanage Rebunt•••.•••••••••.••.• 221 (b) .Julius R.cllter ………………… 30 Syria's Missionary Educators. Union of ••..• 622 Unoccup.ed Mission Fields in Western and Tabeha Mission in Jaffa ……………….. 622 Southwestern Arabia (a) John C. Telugu Mission Diamondul;ubilee ••.••..••.• 549 y~ung ..:., ………………………. 891 Tem~':,":!~e •~~~•••~~ •…~~I.e.a.s~~~•. ~~~~~~ 149 Unwdbng M,sSlonanes ……..•.•.••..•. , 137 Vice, Forty Years of War Against. …….. 391 -in the British Army………………… 153 Voices from the Mission Fields. John R. Mott 608 Testimony of a Christian Jaranese. • • . • • . . . 13 – that CaIl to Missions……………….. 298 .. Theological Students. City M.ssions and (a) "Th:d£~f~mH~~~~:,:. 'H~~' t~" p~~;;' (b) 601 Volura'Iro~o~~~~s.. ~~~~~. ~!~~.~: ~~~~~49 Volunteer Lay Missionary. Arrival of a .•.• 871 John H. Jowett ………………….. 584 Waldensians of Italy Pressing Forward …. 315 Tibet. At the Gate of………………… 143 War and Peace. Cost of……………… 59 – Darkness of …. .. • .. . • .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 12 Warships. Y. M. C. A. Men on American .• 221 – Good News from …… .. . • .. . . .. .. …. 885 Water Street Mission ………………… 542 – Lama Ba",tized at Poo……………… 788- Wesleyan Work Prospering ….•..••••….. 311 Tibetan Chnstians …………….. • . • • … 787 West Africa-Fruit from Presbyterian Work Tibet's Condition and Need …………….. 781 in …………………………… 232 Titanic Disaster and Its Lessons….••.•.••• 459 – Indies, Missionary Statistical Tables fpr.. 218 TTOoggOoIanAdt the End of a Half·Century in ..•• 141 Wife. Missionary's (a) Kate G. Lamson …• S19 Among Mobammedans in …….• 309 Wishes and Needs……………………. 60 Tonkin French Colony of (b) S. Pollard…. 580 Woman's Life in East Arabia (b) Mrs. S. TraF.y at Sianfu. China. Rev. Mr. Beckman 773 M. Zwetn,er ………….. , ………. 136 Traming for Missionaries (b) Georgina A. Women Astir. Manchu •..•..•.••.••..•…• 186 Golloch ………………………… 191 – Doctors in India …………,………… 707 – Missionary. Conference •••• • . • • . • • • • . . .. 222 – in the Sudan. Karl Kumm ..•……….. 441 – Schools for Laymen………………… 797 – Old Age of India's………………… 870 m – – Increasing, Missionary ••…..••.• • . •• 486 Women's Mission Study Class at Work. Mrs. f~{';te~:g~i~l:,n::feso~n 'K~~~~: :::: :::::: Wm. H. Farmer …………………. 48 – Work for Women ………………….. 154 Trinidad" Work for Hindus in ………… 225 World's Population …………………… 61 'Trinitr rarish. in New York City………. 466- – Redemption. Divine·Human Cooperation in Tripob add the Sanusi ……………….. 83 c tbe (b) Delavan L. Leonard ….•……• 589 – Plight of (a) W. Reid …………….. 119- Workers Worth While. Voluntary (b) John R. _ Situation in • .. .. .. .. • • .. .. .. .. .. .. …. 4,62 , Mott …………………………… 449 i'tl'~'b~eth~~~st~r~~::::::::: ::::::::: ~4~ Y. M. C. A., Alumni Work of the Inter· , national …………………" .. .. … 467 – Bible Distribution in ………………. 227 …:..—Canvas for Men ………….. 867 – Call from Eupbrates College………… 306- ..:..—Five Years of………………. 63 – in the Throes of National Rebirth (b) —-in China ……………….. 73.473 George F. Herrick ……………….. 349 – – – – i n Korea ………………. 74. 475 – Li,ht and Shadow ………………… 56-1 – – – – i n Seoul …………………. 628 -M••sion. Growth of the Western…….. 548 _ _ _ _ Men on American Warships .•••.• 221 – Real Gains in …………………….. 714 Y. P. S. C. E. Still Astir…………….. 64 – Real Progress in……………………. 84 Y. W. C. A. of Paris. Britlsh·American…. 225 – What Mission Schools are Doing……… 301 Yuan·Shi·Kal on Christian Missions•••….. 141 Turkish Army. Christians in the ………… 870 Zionism Without Jewish Independence…… 66 – Christians. Rel!gious Paper for ..••.••••• 781 Zulus: Heathen and Christian (a) John L. Turks. Troubles Increase for the Young … 781 Dube ………….. ; ……………… 407 TuskAeg. eeW. Ala.·Congress on the Negro (b) Zwemer, Samuel'M., to go to Egypt ……• 629 Baker ……….. …. …… :; … 440

The Missionary Review of the World — 1911 Index

8liss{onary '1?.ev{ew

of the World VOL. XXIV. NEW SERIES VOL. XXXIV. OLD SERIES JANUARY TO DECEMBER, 1911 LATE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF REV. ARTHUR T.· PIERSON, D.D.

ASSOCIATE EDITORS REV. ]. T. GRACEY, D.D. REV. D. L. LEONARD, D.D.

J. REv. STUART HOLDEN REV. LoUIS MEYER MANAGING EDITOR DELAVAN L. PIERSON FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY NEW YORK LONDON 19I I

BY FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY Printed in the United States

OF ONE VOLUME OF THE MISSIONARY REVIEW OF THE

Each year the M,SSIONARY REVIEW contains the equivalent of 21 volumes, a complete library of Missions, on the history, methods, principles, and progress of Missions and the lives of Missionaries and Native Converts. Each small volume would contain about 30,000 words (150 pages) INDEX FOR 1911 MAPS AND DIAGRAMS PAGE PAGE Lepers of the World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 321 North Africa and the War in Tripoli ….•… 924 China and the Revolution ………………. 925 Organization of a Men's Missionary Commit- Church-membership in North America …….. 382 How to Organize the Men for Missions …… 925 tee ………………………..•.•..• 925 Voman's Missionary Campaign …………. 407 PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE PAGl3: Africa, East, Gikuyu Family in British ….. " 445 Blantyre Church-Built by Native Labor in – North. Bedouin Girls of. …………….. 416 Nyasaland ..•….•..•…………….. 250 – – Lady Missionary Reading to Arab – Nyasaland, Henry Henderson Institute at. 251 Women •••……………………… 423 Bombay, Moharram Procession in ………. 909 – – Roman Catholic Cathedral on B)"l"sa Hill, Carthage, Remains of Basilica at, Where Cyp- at Carthage •…………………….. 418 rian Preached and Martyrs Were Buried 419 – South, Zulu Girl of. ………………… 429 Cavour, Camillo Benso, Conte di ………..• 592 – – Zulu Princess at lnanda Seminary …… 427 Chapel of the Kucheng Asylum, South China 338 African Boy, Missionary Winning au …….. 198 China, American Methodist Mission Hospital, – Village Scene at the Exposition ……….. 197 Alaska Gold Fields, ?vliners Camping Out on Chentu, Szchuan …………………. 721 – Chapel in Teng Chow ..•…………….• 829 the Way to ………••……………. 491 – Four Miao Maidens in West. …………. 680 – One Method of Missionary Touring in… 496 – Girls in the Church Missionary Society- – Presbyterian Church and Manse at Cordova 495 . – Sitka, the Capital of ………………… 497 school in Shanghai ……………….. 101 – Town of Cordova, When Two Years Old.. 494 – Martyr's Memorial in Pao Ting Fn ……. 837 – View of Fort '" rangel, Taken from Mt. – Martyr's Tree •……………………. 836 – One of the Miao Chapels in We'!. ……. 681 Dewey ………………………….. 499 – "Philip," a Christian Miao Bridegroom, and American Indian Life at the Exposition …… 197 Anderson, W. H. P., Superintendent of the his Miao Bride ……….•…………. 679 – Rev. W. Temberth and Miao Trampers at Chandkuri Asylum .•••.••………….. 332 Anesthetic Leprosy, Sabathu, near Simla, In- the Mission House ……………….• 678 – Some Miao Who Came to the Mission House dia, Mute Appeal: Bad Cases of. …….. 327 Armenia, Missionary Visiting a Kurd at Home 737 at Chaotung •…..•………………. 677 Assiut College, Lecture-room in the Scientific Chinese Bible-class Supper …………….. 100 – Children of Christian Parents………… 95 Department ……………………… 288 – Christian Women, Group of………….. 98 – Training College, Group of Professors and – Christians at the Grave of Dr. C. W. IJa- Teachers at the ……..•………….. 289 teer •••..••••…….••………..•…. 831 – – – N e w Buildings of the ………….. 287 – Miao Christians .•…………………• 682 Baptist Mission College at Ongole, India ….. 105 – Picture of the Broad and Narrow Way. . . . 81 – – Sunday-school, Ongole, South India …. 107 – Street, Looking Down a …………….. 97 Bedouin Girls of North Africa …..•…….. 416 – Widow to Commit Suicide, Lady Mission- -Tents near Tunis, North Africa ……… 415 Bengali Translation of the Koran………. 915 ary Frustrating an Attempt of………. 93 Bible, Two Pages from Dr. Pierson's Inter- Church Missionary Society-school in Shanghai, leaved. Wide-margin ….•…•.•..•….• 584 Girls in the .•……………………. 10 1 Binghamton, New York, Church at. ……… 572 – of Lepers at the Main Asylum, Allahabad, India …………………………… 333 PAGE PAGE Clough, John E ……………………… 102 KUI'dish Christian 743 – Traveling Around the Station ………… 110 Continuation Committee at Auckland Castle •• 648 Kurds, A Demonstration of Loyalty……… 735 Delhi, Arabic Koran Inscription on the Kureb Lao Christian Girl. …. _………………. 356 Minar, near …………………….. 915 – Four Thousand Indian }Ioslems at Prayer – People Born in China ……………•… 355 in the Juma Mesjid ………………. 911 Leper Dormitory, Jerusalem ……………. 335 Detroit, Fort Street Presbyterian Church …. 577 Eddy, Sherwood •.•…………………..• 835 Lepers, Malaysia …………….. 337 Emanuele II, Vittorio ……………….•• 592 Eskimo Mission SchoolgirL …………••.•• 493 London, Christ Church …… _. . . . . . . . . . . •• 588 Filipino, Protestant ………………….. 35 – Self.supporting Preacher ..•…………. 35 – Exposition ……………………….. 195 Garibaldi, General G…………………… 593 Green, Rev. C. H ……………………… 83j Luce, Henry ……………………….. 835 Harpoot, Dersim Kurds ……………….. 741 Hepburn, James Curtis ………………. 881 Manchuria, In a Plague HospitaL ………. 604 – Mrs. James C ……………………… 890 Home·mission Center in Oregon …………. 501 – First Chinese Presbyterian Synod…….. 721 – – Church in the West ………………. 504 – Missionary, Veteran, Louis Thompson ….. 505 – Pile of Plague Victims ……………… 607 -Ikoko Chief and his Wife ………………. 425 Iloilo Hospital ………………………. 38 Market Day in Keng Tung …•…………• 351 -Jaro Chapel ……………………… 1 – Church Officers ……………………. 39 Mateer, Calvin W …………………….. 801 – Kabatuan School ………………….. 35 India, Baptist College, Ongole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 – Dr. and Revision Committee ………….. 825; – Center of Shiah Islam in …………… 913 – Crowd of Worshipers ….•………….. 842 ",lazzini, Giuseppe ……………………. 593 – Dr. Clough ……………………….. 110 – Missionary Conference, Lucknow……… 241 Mbanze Manteke, Baptism at. …………… 431 – South, Sunday·school, G·ngole ………… 107 – Temple Court at Pandharpur. ………… 841 McAuley Building, Second . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 – Travel in ..•…•………………….. 267 – Vithobu Tower, Pandharpnr ………… 843 – Mission, Meeting-room ……………… 435 Indianapolis, Second Presbyterian Church …. 573 Inmates of the Kuchang Leper Asylum …… 339 –Old •……….•.. ……….. 433 Italy, National Monument, Rome ……….. 595 Japan, In Old .•….••••••.••…….•…… 891 :lfetropolitan Tabernacle, London………… 587 – Sunday·school in the Slums •…..••……. 665 – Temple Where Dr. Hepburn First Lived in 889 Mexican Plateau, Adobe Hut on the ……… 179- – Ward in the Naval Hospital at Kobe …. 89'5 Japanese Apothecaries, Old Time Native … 899 Mexico, Booths for Selling Sacred Candles… 181 – Beggar ……..•…………………. , 892 – Doctor of the Old School ………….. 894 – Subterranean Temple …..•………•… 180 – Doctors and Nurses in the Hospital at – Primitive Methods in Old …………… 178 Zentsuji ……………•………….. 898 – Exposition in London ….•.•.•••••..•… 196 Miao Chapels in West China .•…………. 681 Jaro Boys' Industrial School……………. 39 Jewish Missionary Conference, Stockholm . . . . 655 – Maidens in West China……………… 68(} Kalopothakes, Dr. M. D ………………. 815 Kongo Bride ….•…………………… 430 – Who Came to the Mission House……… 677 – Free State, Baptism ……………….. 431 – – – I k o k o Cbief and Wife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425 Missionary Pageant ………………….. 411 -Upper, Ngombe '.oman ………….. '" 429 Koran, Bengali Trans1ation of the ………. 915 Montgomery, Helen Barrett ………… 401, 409- Korea, Gate of Seoul …………………. 183 _ Market Day in Peng yang ………….•• 274 Moslem Conference at Lucknow ………… 241 – View of Seonl ……………………. 161 – Wayside Idols in …………………••• 185 .l1os1ems, Four Thousand Indian, at Prayer Korean Boy and Man…………………. 184 – Village, Chai Ryung ………………••• 269 in the Juma Ylesjid, Delhi ………… 911 – – Street …………………………• 187 – Woman's Hat …………………..•.. 271 Mott, John R……………………….. 641 -Women …………………………•. 273 Kurd at Home, Missionary Visiting a ……•. 737 Mukden Plague "Contacts" at Quarantine ..•. 605 – Offering Hospitality ……………….. 736 New York, New Water Street Mission ……. 437 Nyasaland, London Church …………….. 258 – Chetamba Mission Station……………. 254 – Boarding·school Girls ………………. 254 – Open·air Evangelistic Meeting ………•• 246 – Schoolhouse and Pupils …………….. 249 – St. Andrew's Church, Msondole, Domasi •• 257 Ongole, Baptist Mission College…………. 105 – South India, Baptist Sunday·school. ……• 107 Oregon, Oldest Presbyterian Church……… 504 –Scotch Family and Their Pastor ……..• 502 – Stage Coach at Pilot Rock Hotel……… 503 – Town of Pilot Rock ……………•..••• 501 Paraguay Banner ……………………. 811 – Caingwa Indian ………. _…..•••••••• 807 – Indian God ………………………. 813 – Indians, Gourd Rattles ……………… 811 Paraguayan Forest Indian ……………•• 809 Payne, Jobn Howard, Tomb of. .•……….. 417 Peabody, Mrs. H. W. . ….•.•…•…..•••• 409 Pfander's "Mizan·ul·hak," First Page ……• 749 Philadelphia, Bethany Presbyterian Church .. 574 Philippine Islands, Baptist Association……. 39 – – Candidates on Their Way to Baptism… 1 – – Evangelical Work……………….. 39 – – Ministry of Healing………………. 38 – – Progress of Education…………….. 35 – – Union Hospital .••••…•……….••• 38 Philippines, Bible-class Group .•………•••• 519 – Church in Cebu …………………… 518 – Growing Church •••………………•. 1 – Home in Cebu ….•……………….. 517

INDEX

PAGE PAGE Piersou, Arthur Tappan …………….. 481 Sham Fung Lau, Chinese Leper Catechist ..• 34(} Sunday·school in the Slums, Kobe, Japan •••• 665- – – and his Wife ………………….. 567 Teng Chow, China, Chapel in ……….••.• 829- Thompson, Rev. Louis ………………..• 505- – – and Mrs., and Their Children …….. 568 Tung Kun Leper Asylum, Near Canton, China 341 Turkey, Dersim Kurds ………………..• 741 – – Drawings by Dr………….. 569 – Ferryboat of the Upper Euphrates …….. 739- Untainted Children of Lepers………….. 334 – – Portraits of …………………… 561 Warneck, Gustav ……………………•• 204 Water Street Mission, New ……………• 437 Piersou's Dr., Good Story …………….. 589 Waterford, New York, Church at. ………. 572 Widow of Pastor Hsi ….•…………..•. 99 – Parents, Dr••…•…•………………. 571 Woman's Missionary Jubilee Speakers ……• 401 Young Men's Christiau Association, Seoul. .. 270 Pioneers in the West, Typical Family…….. 502 Young, S. Hall ….•……………….••• 493 Zulu Princess at lnanda Seminary ……….. 427 Plague Suspect, Examining a… . . . . . . . . . . . .. 606 – Woman Vitch Doctor ……………… 426 Pollard, Mr., and Two 1'<11ao Christians…… 682 Presbyterian Church Building in Oregon….. 504 Presbytery Missionary Committee in Neyark 923 Roman Catholic Cathedral, North Ahica ….. 418 Rome, Waldensian Church in ………….• 596 Sandhu, a Christian Leper …………….. 329 Seoul, Central Presbyterian Church ………. 271 – Korea, Young Men's Christian Association 270 AUTHORS PAGE PAGE ALEXANDER, J. R. ……………………. 290 HAROI.D, FRANK W ……………………. 194 BALDWIN, MRS. STEPHEN ………………. 121 BATSTONE, W. H……………………… 609 HARRIS, M. c………………………… 18S BEACH, HARLAN P…………………….. 690 BLISS, EDWIN MUNSELL………………… 18 HIGGINS, FRANK E ……………………. 292 BOEGNER, A •••••••……………….•….. 199 HOLT, W. S …………………….•…… SOl} BOND, EFFIE MURIEL …•……………… 524 HoPE, JOSEPHINE B ….•………..•…….• 445- BOSTICK, WADE E. and ABBIE T …•…•….. 449 HULBERT, HOMER B •………………….. 507 BOSWORTH, SARAH M ………………….. 447 HUNT, R. J …••……………………..• 527 BRACQ, JEAN C ..•..•………………….. 615 JACKSON, JOHN .••…………………..•• 327' BRAIN, BELLE M……………………… 45 JANSEN, EDiTH WHITE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517 BREWSTER, WILLIAM N…………………. 87 JOHNSON, CAMERON ………..•…………. 366 BRIGGS, CHARLES W ………………… 33, 513 JOHNSTON, JAMES •••.•…•..•.•………..• 28 BROOKS, JESSE W …………………….. 815 JOWETT, JOHN HENRy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583 BURTON, HENRY •.•…………………..• 523 KEMP, E. G…••…….•….•…………• 275- BUTLER, JOHN W …………………….. 345 KENNEDY, P. B. …………………….. 850 CAPEN, EDWARD WARREN ……………….. 670 KYRIAS, SEVASTI D ……………………. 851 CAPEN, SAMUEL B …………………….. 371 LA TROBE, B •….••..•…………….•••.. 52!} CARSON, JOHN F ……………………… 590 LEONARD, DELAVAN L …………….. 8, 574, 821 CHING.YE, CHENG •.•..•…..•………….. 775 LOOMIS, HENRY …………..•………… 665- COCHRAN, JEAN CARTER………………… 91 LoNG. JOSEPH M ..•…..•……………… 754 COOPER, CLAYTON SEDGWICK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 191 MABIE, HENRY C • • • • • • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . • . 103 DAKO, KRISTO A……………………… 849 MACGILLIVRAY, DONALD ……..•……….. 756 DE COMP, ALICE GILES ………………•.• 841 MCCONOUGHY, DAVID ………………… 92:; DODD, W. CLIFTON ..•..•…………•…•• 351 McGILVARY, DANIEL …..•….•………… 217 DUBOIS, W. E. BURGHARDT . . . . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . 460 MANSELL, HENRY …………………….. 259 DUNLOP, EUGENE P .••..•…..•……….•.• 357 MEYER, F. B. …..•..••……………..•• 586 DURBAN, WILLIAM ….•………….•..•.. 50 MEYER, LOUIS ……… 214, 613, 654, 770, 855,901 EDDY, SHERWOOD •….•••••…•……….•• 834 MONTGOMERY, HELEN BARRETT …..•…•••• 407 ELLIS, WILLIAM T. . .••••……•……….. 456 MOODY, WILLIAM R …………….•…•..• 58S ELMORE, W. T……………………….. 442 NICHOLS, ALICE J ..•.•…………….••••• 814 ERDMAN, WILLIAM J …………………… 575 O'NEILL, F. W. S ………………. … 118,603 FARIS, JOHN T ……………………….. 825 PATON, FRANK H. L ……………….•.•.• 686 FRASER, DONALD •.•….••.••….•.•••••••.• 246 PEEKE, H. V. S………………………. 660 FRASER, ELISHA A ..••.••……………… 577 PHRANER, WILSON ……………………• 571 GILES, ALICE L ….•………….•……..• 841 PIERSON, ANNA W ………………….••• 269 GLEASON, GEORGE L …………………… 512 PIERSON, ARTHUR T …………. 3, Ill, 183, 579- GRIFFIS, WM. ELLIOT…………………. 889 PIERSON, DELAVAN L ………….. 433, 487, 567 HALFORD, E. W ………………………. 751 POLLARD, S. •.••.•.•••……………….• 676 HARFORD, CHARLES F………………….. 768 RAY, G. W .•.•..•..•…………………. 807 REYNOLDS, MINNIE J………………….. 597 RICHTER, JULIUS ……………………. 7, 204

PAGE PAGE RIGGS, CHARLES T…………………….. 363 TARANGER, ANTON ……..•..•…..•..••••• 124 RIGGS, HENRY H ••…•.••.••.••….•……• 734 TROWBRIDGE, STEPHEN VAz.l RENSSELAER …•• 279 RITZMAN, M. E .••…………………… 93, 425 TROYER, L. E ••••••…•••.•••.••……..••• 209 Ross, JOHN ..•………………….•….• 832 TSAO, Y. S. . ……………………….• 919 ROSTAN, FRANcESCO ….•…•……..•…… 592 TSILKA, G. M. ……..•……………….• 849 RUTHERFORD, JOHN •………..•…..•….. 415 UNDERWOOD, LILLIAN H ……………….. 695 SCOTT, CHARLES ERNEST …..•………….. 125 UPSON, ARTHUR T ••••••……..•…..•….• 744 SHEDD, WILLIAM A ••……….••………. 727 WANG, CHENG TING T ..•..•.••……..•..•• 451 SMITH, ARTHUR H……………………. 129 WATSON, CHARLES R •••..•…•.•…….. 281, 647 SMITH, THOMAS •••.••…..•••……•…… 673 WHERRY, E. M .•…………………….• 262 SPEER, ROBERT E ••.•••…….•..•..•… 167, 579 WINTER, NEYIN 0 …………………….. 178 STEAD, BLANCHE W,LSON …•…………… 128 YOUNG, S. HALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 STEWART, J. …………………………. 683 ZWEMER, SAMUEL M ………….. 285, 747, 909 SUBJECTS~ PAGE PAGE Abyssinia, Once a Missionary in………… , 464 Africa, South, After Thirty·six Years in …. 633 – Slave·raiding in ……………………. 483 – – and the Missionary Problem. B. La Address to a Young Missionary. (a) John Ross 832 Afghanistan, Cruelties Practised in …….. 946 Trobe •.•…•.••…………………. 520 AFRICA, Idols destroyed in ……………. 788 – – Boer Missionary Institute………….. 789 – Deadly Curse of Rum in…………….. 396 –Church Statistics in …………… ,…. 556 – Events in 1910 •••..•..•.•……..•..••• 9 –Color Line in……………………. 555 – Five Kings at Missionary lfeeting ……. 955 – – Huguenot Missions in …………….. 151 – French Dominion in ………………… 872 – – Moslem Menace in ………………. 886 – Good News from …………………… 470 – – Political Union and Christian Union in. 397 – Gospel in …………………………. 464 – – Student Conference ………………. 468 – Growth of Methodist Work in ………… 872 – – What One School Is D01llg in.. . . . . . .• 555 – Improved Conditions on the Gold Coast. .. 710 – West-Basle Society ………………… 554 – Is Britain a Hindrance in……………. 74 – – Bible Conference in………………. 465 – Lepers in German East………………. 632 – – Call of •.•••..••………………… 74 – LeDrosv in …•.•….•……………… 340 – -:- Christ and Mohammed ill…………. 325 – Mission, Methodist North ……………. 306 – – Confirmations and Baptisms in ……… 633 – – West-Embarrassment of Success …… 307 — – Islam in ……………………….. 632 – Missionary Romance in……………… 398 – – Large Congregation ……………… 151 – Mohammedan Menace in ……………. 555 – – Natives in the Bible Conference …….. 873 – More Revivals in Livingstonia………… 81 – – Thriving Church Missionary Society Mis· – Mos;em Tolerance in ………………… 465 – New Stations in North ………………. 710 sion in ………………………….. 464 – Nuggets from ……………………… 612 . f dcan Tribe, Awakening of an……… 954 – Portuguese Slavery Doomed in ……….. 566 – Christians in a Union Conference ……… 397 – Progress in German East. ……………. 555 – Churches Do Not Unite, Why South …… 397 – Spanish Meddling with Mission Schools … 873 – Fields-What Medical Missions Can Do … 310 – Training "for Zulu Preachers in ……….. 237 – King, Model ………………………. 633 – – School in German Southwest……….. 309 – King Turned Missionary………… . . . … 396 – Traveling Evangelist in……………… 236 – Mission to Africa………………….. 62 – East. Growth in Portuguese………….. 470 – Missions, Theodore Roosevelt's View of… 55 – -Methodists Work in ………………. 397 – Native ..•…………………………. 554 – – Story of-Wanoro. Josephine B. Hope. 445 – Prince, Noble Deed of an ……………. 307 – North, Dr. Mott Addressing Students ….. 464 – Railroad, New …………………….. 237 – – from a Missionary Point of View (a) – Saints, Tithing among ………………. 710 – Statistics …………………………. 150 John Rutherfurd …………………. 415 – Tribe, Conversion of an…………….. 401 – – Methodist Work among Moslems in …. 553 – Tuskegee …………………………. 396 – South, Advance in ………………… 885 Africans and the "Baby·Organ……………. .198 – Prefer Islam, Why…………………. 395 * (a) indicates an article over 3 pages in length; the letter (b) a brief article from one to three pages in length. All other subjects indexed are less than one page in length. The number of the month when any given article appeared may be found by dividing the number of the page by 80 and adding 1 to the + unit so obtained. For example: page 548, -;- 80 := 6, 1 = 7 (July).

I9Il

PAGE PAGE ALASKA, Missionary Situation in (a) S. Benefit Fund for Missionaries ..•.•.•….. 942 Hall young ..••••………………..• 491 Berlin Mission-What Medical Missions Can – Politics and Missions in ……………… 226 Do .•….••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••. 310 ALBANIA, Evangelistic Work in. Sevasti D. – Missionary Society-New Station in Trans- Kyrias ..•••••• •• • • • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 851 vaal …………………………… . 310 – Political Condition in. G. M. Tsilka .•….. 849 Bernardo's Work for Children …………. . 793 -Progress in ………………………. 565 Bible 1611-1911, English ………………. . 224 _ Trouble in .•• , ••.••…………..•….. 164 – and the Greeks .•…………………… 725 Albani?ns, Religions of the. P. B. Kennedy .. 850 – Conference, Natives in the, West Africa .. . 873 _ Sad Case of the ..•••……………….. 782 – Did for Them, What the ……………. . 626 – The. Krista A. Dako ……………….. 849 – Distribution in Germany …………….. . 387 Alexander, President, Resigns in Egypt …… 235 – Greece and the ……………………. . 388 Amazon Atrocities '" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 943 – in Many Tongues ………………….. . 473 AMERICA, Chinese in ………………… 83 -!n the Schools of Queensland ……….. . 888 _ Chinese Students in ••………………. 384 -111 Tur~ey •••…….•…..•…………. 783 _ Christian Work of Chinese in (b) M r s . " – – Open, 111 Italy …………•..•…..•….. 314 Stephen Baldwin ••……….•……… 121 – Remarkable Circulation of the Scriptures in – Jewish Immigrants in (a) Louis Meyer. … 901 Nyasaland ………….•………•..•• 152 L . 342 – Roman Catholics Want the ……….•….. 227 – eprosy 111 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• _ School in West China •…•………..•.• 704 – Missions to Africans in……………… 383 _ Sir Robert Hart on the ……………•… 621 – Regulation of Immigration ……………. 315841 _ Societies in China, Part Played by•…•… Americans in Church and Out…………… 705 Anglican and Free Church Cooperation …… 312 S' Y fh – aClety, ear 0 t e ..•…………..•..• 152 Anniversaries, Historical Facts for Missionary – Study am·mg Oriental Students, Progress (a) Belle M. Brain………………… 45 of (b) Clayton Sedgwick Cooper •.•.•… 191 Anti-gambling Movement in China . . . . . • . . . . . 71 -in Korea, Zeal for •…••…••••••…….• 630 – Tercentenary Celebration •••…••••••…. 472 ARABIA, Danish Church and…………… 68 – Work for the Foreign-Born …..•…..••• 862 – Good. Work in a Hard Field ………….. 149 Bibles at the Coronation ………………. . 793 – School Project for …………………. 475 – Annual Output of ……………….. .. 956 Arctic Lands, Perils in …..•….••.••.•..• 385 _ Gideons and ..•…••••…….•.••… 383, 540 Arthington's Gifts Finally Available . . . . . . . . . 227 Blind in India …..••••.•….••…•••..•.•• 147 Asia Awakening •.•..••••…•.•••.••••••••• 721 _ Missionary Literature in Brai11e Type ..••• 793 – Become Christian? WilL •……………. 380 _ Work for the Chinese ………………. . 549 – Editor's Letters from (b) Arthur T. Pier· Boer Mission, Great Success of a ……….. 874 son . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 111 – Missionary Institute ………………… 789 – Leprosy in •••…..•…….•.••……… 331 – Strange Phenomenon in Eastern………. 73 – – Training School •.•……….•••.••.. 634 Asiatics, How to Persuade, to Accept the Gas· Bohemia, Awakening in………………… 714 pel (a) Eugene P. Dunlop ..•.••..•…. 357 Assiut Training College, Egypt (b) Samuel M. Bolivia, Radical Changes in…………….. 222 Zwemer .••…..••••••••••••••••..•••• 285 BOOKS (new) …. 77, 157, 239, 319, 399,479, 558 637, 717, 799, 877, 960 – Advance in the Antilles. H. B. Grose….. 79 AUSTRALIA, Numbering the Aborigines of. 536 – Against the Current. Edward A. Steiner •• 319 Australian Student Volunteers………….. 86 – Ament, William Scott. H. D. Porter ..•• 957 Austria, Away from Rome in ..•..•••••..••• 474 – American Bride in Porto Rico. Marion Austrian Baptists ….•….••..•••.••….•. 864 Blythe ………………………….. 879 Awakening in Chinese Villages………….. 71 – Among the Tribes in Southwest China.

Bahaism and Its Claims (a) William A. Shedd 727 Samuel F. Clarke ……………… _… 717 Balkans, Qerman Mission in the …•..••.•.. 314 – Apricot of "Heaven Below." Kingston Bangalore, India, Union College at. …•….. 231 de Gruche •••…••••••…….••••.••.• 720 Baptist Missionary Society……………… 542 – Aspects of Islam. Duncan B. MacDonald .. 639 – Reformation in Russia, A Great……….. 622 – Baptists Mobilized for Missions. A. L.

– Society, Southern ….•••••.••.•••.•..•.• 635 Vail …………………….•…..••• 960 – – – Good Year for Missions………… 538 – Best Things in America. K. R. Crowell … 879 – World Alliance ..•…..•…•..•..•••…• 471 – Blue Stocking in India. Winifred Heston. 79 Baptists and Free Baptists, Union of …… . 941 – Book Above Every Book ..••…••….••.. 399 – – – – Uniting ………………… .. 63 – Boy from Hollow Hut. Isla May Mullins. 878 Basle Missionary Society-Missions Made – Call of the New Era. Wm. Muir ••••••..• 399 Visible ..•..•…•••..•••••..•••••.•••• 313 – Children of Africa. James B. Baird ••••.• 80 – Society-Gifts of the Negro .•••••..••••.• 307 – Children of Arabia. John C. young .••••• 80 – – i n West Africa …••..••.•…•.••..•.. 554 – Children of Egypt. L. Crowther .•…•••• 718 Basutoland, Changes in ……•………….• 886 – Children of Jamaica. Isabel C. Maclean ..• 399 Basutos, Evangelizing the••…••.•..•.••.••• 466 – Children of Japan. Janet H. Kelman .•… 399 Bechuanaland-Fruit of a Century ……… .. 468 – China Mission Year Book. Donald Mac- Bedouin, Baptism of a .••……•..••••…•• 395 Gillivray, Editor ….••• _.•••.•••..• 159, 877 Beginning and Continuing .•…•..•••••.•.•. 698 – Chinese Appeal to Christendom Concerning Belgium, Missionary Church in ………… . 944 Christian Missions. Lin Shao-yang…… 637

PAGE PAGE Books. Christian Faith and the New Psy- Books. Salvation, in Hinduism and Chris- chology. D. A. Murray ………….•.. 958 tianity. WlIheim Dilger……………. 78 – Christian Missions in Burma. W. C. B. – S~haff-Herzog Encyclopedia "f Religious Purser . _•..••.••• :. • • • • • . • • . . . . . • • . • .• 877 Knowledge. Samuel McAuley Jackson … 479 – Christian Movement in Japan. D. C. Greene – Signs of the Times. 1. M. Haldeman ….. 559 and G. M. Fisher…………………. 80 – Sketches from the Karen Hills. Alonzo – Christianity and Non-Christian Religions Bunker ..•…… _.•.••..•.•……….• 319 Compared. Edward A. Marshall…….. 78 – Southern Baptist Foreign Missions. T. B.

– Christian's Present Duty. Charles C. Cook. 879 Ray ……….•……..•………….. 400 ~ Strange Siberia Along the Trans-Siberian – Church in Great Britain. G. R. Wynne. 959 Railway. M. L. Taft. ……………. 959 – Church of Christ in Korea. Malcolm C. – Studies in the Evangelization of South Af· Fenwick .•…•.••.•..•………..•…. 878 rica. G. B. Gerdener……………… 638 – Conservation of National Ideals. B. D. — Talks on David Livingstone and R. W. Wells ………………………….. 959 = m Lunt …………………………… 879 – Dave Ranney ……..•••..•……..•..•• 319 – Task Worth While. Henry C. Mabie ….. 157 – Down to the Sea. Wilfred T. Grenfell… 320 f~rc~f~~r~aSo~~~ I~i::~de l}i~{l. .~~t.t~: :: – Duty to Indian Illiterates. J. Knowles .•.. 559 – Efficient Layman. H. F. Cope ………… 958 – Unique Message and Universal Mission of Christianity. James F. Love ………… 239 – Ellinwood, Frank Field. M. G. Ellinwood 957 – Unknown People in an Unknown Land. – E~~~~~Wils~~ ?~~~s~~~~~~: .• ~~~'.. ~.s~~~: 158 W. Botrbrooke Grubb ……………… 319 – Foreign Doctor. G. P. Cochran) Robt. E. – Unoccupied Mission Fields of Africa and Asia. S. M. Zwemer ……………… 638 Speer ………………………….. 957 – From Hausaland to Egypt. Karl W. Kumm. 479 – 'al and His Friends. A. GiI.erne …….. 959 – From Japan to Jerusalem. E: Graham – Victory of the Gospel. J. P. Lilley ……. 157 – Who's Who in Missions. Belle M. Brain .. 160 Ingham …………………………. 480 – W~llsW~ ..~~I.i~~~ ..t~:.. ~i~~~…. ~~~:.. ~: 399 – Fruits of the Tree. W. J. Bryan ……. 958 – Fundamentals . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 879 – Winners of the World. Mary and William – Future of Africa. Donald Fraser……… 877 Gardner ………………………. … 78 – George A. Selwyn. F. W. Boreham ……. 878 – Girl in her Teens. Margaret Slattery….. 400 – With Christ in Russia. Robert S. Lati- – God's Full-orbed Gospel. Archibald G. mer …………………………. 559, 639 Brown ………………………….. 560 – World- Atlas of Christian Missions. James – God's Plan for the World's Redemption. S. Dennis, Harlan P. Beach, Charles H. Fahs, Editors ……………………. 799 Charles R. Watson ………………… 639 – Gospel Work in Modern Life. Robert – World Missionary Conference, Report of the …………………………….. 77 Whitaker …….•.••…………….•• 79 – Growth of the Missionary Concept. Sam- – World Missions from the Home Base. Jos· e),'h E. McAfee ……….•…………. 879 uel F. Goucher…………………… 799 – Half a Century in China. Arthur Evans Booth s Secret, General………………… 796 Borneo, West-A Field for Protestants …… 536 Moule ………..•……………..••• 558 Boston, Seeing the World in (b) Frank W.

– Helen E. Moses. Jasper T. Moses ……. 400 Harold ••••……………………… 194 – History of the Syrian Nation and the Old -World in ………………………. 61,405 Boxer Massacres in China, In the Wake of Evangelical-Apostolic Church of the East. George D. Malich •.•………………. 877 the. Sherwood Eddy………………. 834 – Islam in China. Marshall Broomhall …… 159 Britain, Islam in •…………………….. 226 British Missions, The Contributions of; To – Jaws of Death. E. J. Houston ……….. 878 Philology, Bible Translation and Native – john. The Unafraid ………………•• 159 Literature (b) James Johnston………. 28 – ~cll'~·. ~~t~~:~. :·~~t.e~..:~~~~. ~~~..~~~~: 320' Brotherhood of the Imitation of Jesus '.' . . . .. 147 Buddha, Japanese Philosopher against……. 702 – Kali's Conntry. Emily T. Sheets ……..• 717 Buddhism Decreasing in Japan …………. 951 – Land of the White Helmet. Edgar Allen – in Europe ……………………….. 314 Buddhist Priests also Astir, British ………• 871 Forbes ..•……•….•……………. 158 – Lepers. John Jackson ………………. 239 – Priest, Baptism of a………………… 788 – Life in the Orient. K. H. Basmajian….. 239 Buddhists Active in Korea …………….. 953 – Light of the World. Robert E. Speer ….. 717 – Alarmed …………………………. 867 – Men of Mark in Modern Missions. H. B. Bulgaria Awakening …………………. 884 – Nuggets from …………………….. 612 Grose ….•….. ,………………… 78 – Men's National Missionary Congress, Chi- BURMA, Harvest from Judson's Sowing…. 868 . -in 1910 ………………………….. 13 cago ……………………………. 7R – Missionary Work of Native Churches in. – Mexico and Our Mission. J. G. Dale …. 958 Sumner R. Vinton ………'..•…••… 933 c. – Miss 318. Rupert Hughes…………..•. 878 Burman Bible, Judson's, Completion of…… 50 Burma's Oldest Theological School………. 549 – Missionary Heroes in Africa. J. Lambert 399 Business Men as Missionaries (Editorial)…. 58 – Missionary Heroes in Oceania. John C. Cairo, Christian University in .••..•••••.•… 709 – Girls' College at……………………. 236 Lambert .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 240 – Outlook in …………………..•.•… 954 California, Orientals Crowding into………. 792 – :!fissionary Heroes of the Lutheran Church. L. B. Wolf ……………………… 959 Call, The Missionary (Poem). George L. Gleason …………………………. 512 – Missionary Ideals. T. Walker ………… 878 – Missions and Modern Thought. Wm. O. CANADA, Emigration of Negroes to .••….. 472 – Slavic Invasion of………………….. 312 Carver ………………………….. 479 Canadian Baptists, Affiliation of…………. 385 Carnegie Gives a Million for Japan. . . . . . . . .. 552 – Modern Missionary Challenge. J. P. Jones. 157 Caroline Islands, Uprising in the………… 316 – Moslem World. Samuel M. Zwemer …… 158 – Nederland en de Islam. C. Snotlch Hur- Caste System Giving Way in India ……….. 623 Catch-My-Pal Movement …•…………… 543 gronje ………………………….. 718 – On Trail and Rapid by Dog Sled and Catholic Missions, Protestant "s…………. 545 Cel'traI America, Neglected …………… 942 Canoe. H. A. Cody ……………….. 719 – Past and Prospective Extension of the Gos- CEYLON, Christian Union in ••••.•••…… 147 – Encouraging Work in ..•..•.•..••••…… 324 pel by Missions to the Heathen. Anthony – Government Aid for Mission Schools in… 624 Grant …………………………… 239 -in 1910 ………………………….. 13 – Paton, Tohn G. (D.D.) A. K. Langridge .. 639 – Peace Scout. Irene H. Barnes ……. _. .. 560 Chalmers, James, Sailed for the South Seas.. 45 Ch'eng Cning-yi, Fruitful Seed-Sowing in – Pilgrim Sons. Henry W. Frost………. 400 – Prayer Before the Lesson. Philip E. How- China. Sarah M. Bosworth •••••…….. 448 ard …………………………….. 720 – Real Religion. Howard A. Bridgman….. 240 – Recruiting for Christ. John Timothy Stone. 79 – Report of a Second Visit to China, Japan, and Korea in 1909. Arthur J. Brown … 399 – Rescue Magazine ………………….. 718

INDEX

PAGE PAGE Chicago a Catholic Center………………. 384 China. Union in School Work in………. 627 – Friends of the Stranger in …………… 224 – Union Revival Effort in Suchou ..•……. 232 – Japanese Mission in ………………… 384 – United Universities Scheme for. Thomas – Persians in ••••••.••••……………… 792 Smith ……••…•……………….. 673 – Turkish Moslems Invading…………… 62 – West, Bible-school in ………………… 704 – Vice Report •••..•….•……….. : ….. 791 – What It Costs to Be a Christian in……. 627 Child luarriage, Curse of………………. 868 – Wide·spread Unrest in………………. 71 CHINA, 1907·1910, Survey of Missions in (a) – Woman's Life in (a-' M. E. Ritzman….. 93 Arthur H. Smith ••••••…………….. 129 – Y. M. C. A. in …………………….. 562 – 1901 and 1911 …………………….. 786 China's Evangelistic Work ……………… 242 – Need, Chinese View of. Cheng Ting T. – Aborigines, Work among West (a) S. Pol· _ N~antabi;'~i'::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 451 lard ……………………………. 676 – Adventure of a Booklet •…………….. 303 – After the Plague in ..•.•…………….. 703 – Progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 948 – and Opium ..•..•…•••….'. • . . . . . . . . . •• 626 Chinese and the Comet …………………. 142 – Anti·gambling Movement in………….. 71 – Behave in Meeting, Bow…………….. 628 – Baptism of a Family in……………… 392 – Belidve, What Do the ……………….. 302 – Blin , Work for the………………… 549 – Calvin W. Mateer, a Maker of the New (a) John T. Faris………………… 825 – Caldl'on .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 881 =Ch~r~~y J~io;"'i'r:': m – Christ!an ~ndeavor Moving on in ……… 232 – Celestials Learning to Give………….. 142 :::::::::::: ::::::::: – Christian Church. Cheng Ching·ye …….. 775 – – Stalwart ……………………….. 143 – Compulsory Education in …………….. 551 _ . – Students in North America …………. 225 – Corruption and Reform in ……………. 141 – – Students, Retnrned …….. , ………. 141 — – Teaches Japanese ………………. 226 – Dr. Timothy Richard and Shansi Univer· sity …………………………………… 551 – Church, Future of the ……………….. 232 – Education in, Advancing by Leaps and – Churches Dislike Foreign Rule………… 71 Bounds …………………………. 704 – Convert Who Lives His Religion……… 550 – – of the Women of. Effie Muriel Bond .. 524 – Coolies Converted in Africa ………….. 238 – Evangelistic Band in ..•……………… 392 – Facts about Lien Chou ..•………. ;….. 233 – Currency. New …………………… 950 –Concerning Women in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787 – Doctors Did N at Flinch……………… 549 – Famine and Plague in ……-. . . . . . . . . . . .. 241 – Evangelistic Campaign …………….. . 402 – – in. Jean Carter Cochran………….. 91 – – Leaders '" . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 869 – – Scenes in. Wade D. and Abbie T. Bas· – Evangelist's Rel?ort ………………… 143 tick ………•.•……•…………… 449 – Forces of Christian Endeavor ………… 868 _ Fruitful Seed-sowing in. Sarah M. Bos- worth ………….•……………… 447 – George S. Eddy in ………………….. 561 – General Survey of the Year in (a) Donald MacGillvray ……………………… 757 =~~e:~r ~~siM~sdic;lrsf~d~~t~ t~:::::::::::: ~~~ – How the Gospel Entered Haitang……… 869 – i n 1910 …………………………… 15 – In the Wake of the Boxer Massacres in. Sherwood Eddy ….•……………… 834 – Inland Mission, Gains made by the…… 393 ~–to Date •……………………… 64 =fu~v;Y;:; i~f ~~~::: m :::::::::::::::::::: – Islam in …………………………. 141 – M!n~lin![ of Old.and N ~w. . . . . . • . . . . • . • .. 869 – Mllllstenal CandIdates In …………….. 139 – More Coojleration in………………… 481 – Need of Christian Schools in ………….. 233 – Needs Most, What………………….. 72 – New National Anti-Opium Movement in …. 241 == == ffio1H~~;~~ .:::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~H – No Cabinet Yet for…………………. 233 – Evangelists, Umon Training School for … 392 – Farewell to Archdeacon Moule ………•• 393 – Girl's He[lly ………………………. 949 – History, Some Interesting……………. 302 – Hu'!ger .for Knowledge ……………… 143 – In …"'1.merlCa .•••••••……•………..••• 83 – – – Christian Work for (b) Mrs. Stephen Baldwin ………………………… 121 – Indemnity Students ………..•……… 550 – Laymen, Four Specimen……………… 550 – M~di.cal Knowledg!, .. :……………… 870 – MISSIOns, Other SIgns m…………….. 322 – Mohammedans .••………………….. 302 – ~loslems. Number "f. ……………… 948 – Movement Against Opium …………… 882 – Opinions of Missionaries ……………. 549 – Parliament ..••••………..•………•• 141 –New…………………………. 2 – Revolution Spells Progress. (a) Y. S. Tsao 919 – Statistics for 1909………………….. 140 – Students Aroused ………………….. 392 311 — — a'Bsl Peace-makers …………………. 949 Ho!"e … : ……………………. – – ecommg Christians …………….•.. 628 – No Longer Changeless ……………… 476 =- 'iew of China's Need. Cheng Ting T. Vang ………………………….. 451 – Notable Christian Gathering in……….. 7 15 ~ill~fes, A~akening i!1………………. 71 . _ . C. .. Secreta lies .. .. .. .. .. .. .. … 869 – Nuggets from .•.••••……………….. 61 I – Ob~ervations ,in. . J. Camplwll Vhite. Christian .rmy on the ~larch ………….. 941 919 – Endeavor Abroad ………………….. 310 – OpIum Questwn Ill …………………. 139 – – Convention, Twenty·fifth ..•.•…….•. 383 – Outlook in .••..•………………….. 321 – – Forces of …..•…………………. 868 – – Growth of ………………….•…. 223 – Pagan Temples Falling into Decay …….. 144 – – i n Great Britain …………………. 621 – Part Played by Bible Societies in ……… 705 – – in Japan and Korea ………………. 553 – – Moving ………………………… 712 – Plague and Famine in………………. 403 – – Moving 0'.1 n China ……………… 232 – Woman's Boan! of Missions ••………… 224 – Plague in India and ………………… 548 – Poppy !=ulture Greatly Diminished…….. 628 – PopulatlOn of-Corrected…………….. 786 – Progress in ……………………….. 723 – Progress of Five Years in …………… 392 – Progress Toward Church Union in ….. 949 Church Finding a Better Way to Fulfil Mis· – Public Queue-cutting in……………… 70~ sion to the World (a) David McCo· – Queue·cutting in .•……………… 302, 950 Doughy ………………………… 923 – Recent Revivals in (b) William N. Brew· – How to Get a Missionary……………. 398 ster •••.•.•••.••…………………. 87 – Luxury? Are Missions a …………….. 698 – Influence of the Missionary Interest on a. – Relic of Gld………………………. 869 – Right of Assembly Threatened in ……… 481 Joseph M. Long ………………….. 755 – South, Disorders in .••………………. 402 – Missionary Society, Growth of the …….. 386 CITY MI~SIONSI Chicago Vice Report. … 791 – Some Influential Christian Lavmen in … 949 – – Rescumg Fahen Men……………… 794 – Statistics of the Work of Protestant Mis· sions in, for 1908·1909 ……………… 140 – Stirring Appeal and the Response from…. 627 Calvert, James, Birth of……………….. 45 – Students and Missions in …………….. 551 Cloul'h. nr. John E., The Apostle to the Telugus (a) Henry C. Mabie ……….. 103 – Suppression of Gambling in ………….. 704 – Teaching Science with tf,e Gospel in …… 787 Colombia. Open Doors in .••.•………….. 222

PAGE PAGJ!: Comet, Chinese and the……………….. 142 Editor's Letters from Asia-From Montreal, Canada, to Kobe, Japan (b) Arthur T. Comity, Christian, in Korea ……………. 953 Pierson …………..•..•••.•……••. 3- =W~:ld.th;t;~a;tuS~~dt~r:t·· m – – in the edent ………………….. 305 – – – II. Signs of Progress in Japan (b) Compelling Them to Come in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8456~ Arthur T. Pierson …………………. 111 Conference, Bible, in West Africa……….. " – – – III. First Impressions of Korea (a) – of Forei~n Mission Boards …………… 137 Arthur T. Pierson … _………….•• " 183- : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :: EDUCATION, CompUlsory. in China…….• 551 – World, on Faith and Order …………… 137 – in China Advancing by Leaps and Bounds. 704 Conferences, Summer .•……….. : ..•….. 478 – in Turkey ………………………… 164 – Is Doing in India, What Christian ……• 948 Constantinople, Student Conference lll……. 404 – United Universities Scheme for China. Continuation Committee ..••………… 312, 561 Thomas Smith ………… _…….•. " 673- – – of the World Missions Conference (a) Charles R. Watson………………… 647 Educational Work, Gift for Higher………. 540 EGYPT, Assiut Training College (b) Samuel Convention in India, Rousing Christian…… 548 M. Zwemer ……………… _….. '" 285 Conversion of Devil Worshipers .•……….. 786 – Is It a Prophecy of Better Days in ……. '396 – Mission Paper Suspended ..•………..•• 150 Converts by the Hundreds in Uganda …….. 789 Cooper"tion in China, More .. '0' • • • • • • • • • • •• 481 – Modern Signs in……………………. 643 Coptic Church, Egypt, Reform III the …….. 631 – New Mission-boat for the Nile ………… 306 Correction-Statistlcal Tables …………… 318 – President Alexander Resigns in …… _.. " 235 CCoosrtrsecttoionBs~ Some .••••.•••……………. 860 a Christian in China, What It… 627 – Reform in the Coptic Church …… _…… 631 – Unrest in ..•••…..'. . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Crampton, Dr. Henry E …. ;.: ……… : … 954 – What a Christian College Is Doing in ..••• 70~ Criticism, Radica!, and ChnstIan 1115810115. Charles T. Riggs………………….. 839 Egyptian Darkness Passing……………… 74 Ellice Islands, How a Tempest Spread the 53i Cuba, Good H~fvest ,n.: ……………….. 155 _ Protestant Mass 541 1U. • • • • • • • • . • • • • • . • •• Ellis~Ot~~1 T·..•.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.':::.'::::::.': ,'::.'.'::: 95Z"

Danish Church and Arabia……………… 68 ENGLAND, Islam in-A Correction …….. 246 Daylesford Movement for Spiritual Life. – Mohammedanism in _……………….. 543 Frank H. L. Paton………………… 686 English versus American Missions……….. 472 Deaf in Korea, Ministering to the……….. 703 Euphrates College, Turkey ……………. 67, 149 -DEoAf TtHh~ Leaders Called Home III 1910…… 8 Editor·in-chief. By D. L. Pierson.. 487 EUROPE, Buddhism in ………………. 314 – Coming Crises in … _…. _………… " 944 – Allen, Herbert M. and Constantinople…. 317 – Leprosy in ..•…………..•……….• 329' – Baldwin, Caleb C .•.•••..•……..•.•…. 716 – Missionary Union for Southeast. ………. 162 =- Bolton, Wm. T., of North Africa ….••… 478 Evolution as a Missionary Asset on the Mis- – Broomhall, Benjamin, of London ……… 636 sion Field (b) Delavan L. Leonard ..••.• 821 g~°r¥!;~sl.°~~}J °k;n:laj~p~~::::::::::: 5~~ Exhibit for Mission-Missions Made Visible •• 313 Exhibitions, United …………………… 473 – Devins, Dr. John B …………………. 797 Explorer's View of Missionaries .•……•…• 875 – Duryea, Miss Alice, of China …….•.•.•. 317 Falsehood on Missions, Prejudice and .••••••• 138 – Ensor, Rev. George, of Japan ……..•… 156 Famine and Plague in China ……………. 241 – Fenchel, Missionary ………………… 318 – in China. Jean Carter Cochran……….. 91 – Flinkinger, Bishop Daniel…………….. 798 – – Plague and …………………….. 403- – Hail, Rev. Johnbof Japan ……………. 798 – Scenes in China. Wade D. and Abbie T. – Harpster, Rev. cr.. , John H ………….. 238 – Her:burn, James M.D..•………….. 876 Bostick ………. :.,…………… … 449 Farewell Missionary Message, Dr. Pierson's .• 617 – Ho Iy, Bishop, of ;Haiti……………… 478 Federation, Fruit of Church …………….. 225 – Jessup, Mrs. Wtlham ……………….. 876 – Progress Toward Church …………… 947 – Jones, Kev. Daniel, of Agra, India …….. 478 Fettler, Pastor, as an Evangelist in Russia ••.. 62Z" – Kalopothakes, Rev. Dr., of Greece ••…… 716 FIJI and the Drink Traffic…………….. 537 – Kropf, Senior Missionary A.: ……•….. 317 – Hurricane in …………………… 537, 636 – Martin, Rev. Samuel, of India ………… 238 Fijians, Liberal Giving of. ………….••••• 477 – McCarthy, John, of China •…….•……. 715 FILIPINO, The young ••………•…•.••• 711 – McFarlane, Rev. Samuel. •…•…..•….. 316 Filipino Woman Doctor, First. .•.•.•••..•••. 537 – McGilvary, Rev. Daniel, of Laos ………. 798 Filipinos Pushing for Independence .•.••..•.• 315 – Messmore, Rev. James H., of India ….. 956 Finland Missions ..•………………..••. 774 -O'Connor, Rev. James A., of New York … 716 Forces, Spiritual Ideals and __ …. __ ….. " 938 – Robson, Dr. George, of Scotland ………. 798 Foreign-born, Bible Work for the ..••••..•••• 86Z" – Skrefsrud, Lars, of India .•……….••.•. 318 – – Work for the ……………………. 861 – Sleman, John B., of Washington …….•.. 636 Fe.reign Missions and the World's Culture (b) ~ Sobey, Rev. J. R., of Costa Rica ……… 238 James Johnston …………….•••••.. 28 – Sorabji, Mrs., of India …… _….. __ .. 317 Foreigners-Orient,,!s Crowding into Cali- – Stanley, Dr. Charles A., of China ..•…… 156 fornia •••••. ,……………………. 79Z" – Stevens, Dr. E. 0., of Burma ………… 156 Formosa, Presbyterian Union College in … ~ 954 – Stuart, Bishop,," of Persia…………….. 557 FRANCE, Doubt and Religion in. Jean C. – Swain, Miss clara ……••…..•..•…..• 156 Bracq_ …………………………… 615 – Turner, Bishop, of Korea …….•…….. 156 – Fiv~. Years ,0,£ ~eparation in ………..• 945 – Van AllenbMrs. Frank, of India ……… 876 – ReltglOus Cnsls Ill ..••.••………••• _ • • • 85 – Warneck, r. Gustav, of Germany ….••.• 155 – Roman Catholicism in ………………. 65 – Wilder, Miss Grace, of India …………. 478 Free Baptists Uniting, Baptists and………. 63 – Wilson. Jonathan, of Siam …………… 715 – Church Cooperation, Anglican and …..••• 312 – Wyckoff, Dr. Martin N., of Japan .•.•• : .• 317 French Colonies and French Missions (a) A. Death-shade, Uganda, Land of the ……….. 369 Boegner ………….•………..•••.• 199' Denmark Missions ..•..•……..••..•.•…. 770 – Protestant Missions, Need of …•.•…•••• 220 Devil Worshipers, Conversion of………… 786 Gambling in China, Suppression of………. 704 Ding, the Apostle of Shantung. Charles Ern- Gave First His Money Then Himself…….. 796 est Scott ………………………… 125 Generalship in Missions ………………… 219 Donations Received ……….. 318, 382, 463, 940 GERMAN Federation of Christian Policemen. 544 Drink Bill, England's ………………….. 473 – Medical Missions …..•••..•…•..•••••• 66 -Traffic, Fiji and the …………………. 531 – Missionary Convention ..•…..•..•.••.•• 794 Dutch East Indies, In the. .. . . . . .. .. . . . . . . .. 326 – – Forces … _…………………… " 944 – Reformed Church Prospering…………. 309 – – Societies, Annual Reports of the. Louis Eddy, George S., in China…………….. 561 • Meyer ………….•…..••••…•••••• 214 Eddy's, George Sherwood, New Work ..••••.. 301 —Jubilee of ……………………. 474 Edinburgh Conference Compared, Jerusalem – – Specialist (a) Julius Richter •…..••… 204 and ……………………………. 152 Editor in Asia (Editorial)……………… 57 = m – Orient Missbn, l~eorganization of the….. 66 Editor's Change of Route………………. 220 ~~ck1::ieC. ~~~.s. ~:~~: ..~~~~~ .~~~~r::::::.:

19I1

PAGE PAGE Germany, Interest for Missions in……….. 228 India, Gospel for ……………………. 390 – Temperance in …………………….. 228 – Growth of a Decade in ………………. 301 – Women's Work in………………….. 66 – – of Marathi Mission ………………. 867 Gideons and the Bible…………….•. 383, 540 – How Converts Can Give……………..• 547 -at Work on the Pacific ………………. 791 – How the Gospel Transforms ………….. 300 Gift, Blind Woman's ••..••………..•…. 227 – ~dolatry Disappearing in … '. . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 391 – of a Million for Missions……………• 712 GIFTS-Contributions of Religious Bodies in -lU 1910 …………………………… 13 – Is the Gospel Gaining Ground …………• 867 the United States for 1906, for Domestic – Islam Invading ….•……………….• 391 and Foreign Work.:………………. 22 – Islam in (a) S. M. Zwemer ………..•• 909 – for Y. M. C. A. ForeIgn Work ……….. 223 – Lutheran Missionary Conferences in ….. 947 – Greatest, in Its History……………… 471 – Mass Movement in •………………•.• 69 Give, Celestials Lellrning to……. . . . . . . . . .. 142 – – – Toward Christianity ……………. 148 – How Converts Can, in India……… . . . .. 547 – Men's Movement in …………………. 165 Givers, Korean Christians as……………. 631 – Mission to Outcastes in…. . . . . . . . . . . . . … 547 Gives, How G'ne Chinese Christian………. 628 –Arranged by Native Christians in …… 231 Giving and Church Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540 – Missionary's Testimony •…………….. 706 – Another Notable Case of……………. 394 – Native Christian Church in ……………. 786 -Do You Keep Books? ……………….. 795 – Need of Social Reform in ……………. 390 – Notable Gains in Missionary ………….. 223 – Pandharpur Pilgrimage (a) :ice L. Giles – Year's Growth in Christian …………… 861 (De Camp) ……..•……………… 841 Gold Coast-Gifts of the Negro ………….. 307 — Part Played by Native Workers in …….. 867 – – Africa, Improved Conditions on the …. 710 – Progress Seen by Rev. J. W. Scudder…. 546 Governments, Christian, and Islam. . . . . . . . . .. 781 – Pr~!:res. Toward Chu!ch Federation…. 947 – Opposed to Missions? Are…………… 939 – RaISIng the Outcastes In …………… 887 Great Britain? Christian Unity in. . . . . . . . . . .. 63 – Raj'putana Jubilee …………………. 706 GREECE and the Bible….. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 388 – Re 19iOUS Convention in ……………… 476 f'reek Church in Turkey …………….. 884 – Rousing Christian Convention ill ………. 548 Greeks, Bible and the ………………….. 725 .- S~If-Support and I.Sne.lf.-.C.h.r.i.s.ti.a.n.i.z.a.ti.o.n…in….. – Dr. Kalopothakes and the modern (a) – SIgns of Dawn 231 Jesse W. Brooks………………….. 815 886 Grenfell's Work Adva)1cing, Dr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539 – Testimony of the Census…………….. 867 GUATEMALA, Education and Religion in … 222 – Temple Girls in ………… , ……….. 947 – 9!,od Plan !n …..•..•……………… 223 – Training a Native Ministry for. W. T. HaItI, Unrest In………. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 806 Elmore ..•……..••……………… 442 Hamlin, Cyrus, Birth of……………….. 45 – Union <In;:oll(ebg)e at .I~angalore.:: ……….. Hall, Rev. Gordon, Grave of……………. 868 – Unrest WIlham DUt ha 1. • • . • • • • • •• 231 Hart, Sir Robert, on the Bible. . . . . . . • • . . . . .. 621 50 Hartford School of Missions. Edward Warren – What Christian Education T, llohg in .. 948 Capen ………………………….. 670 – What Christianity Has Already Done in … 390 Hawaii, Good News from …………….•.. 863 – What Remains to Be Done…………… 868 – Japanese Population in ………………. 385 – Widowhood in .•.•………………… , 624 Hepburn, James Curtis (a) Wm. Elliot Griffis. 889 – Woman and the Regenera~ion of (a) E. M. HINDU Conference, Important …………• 722 Indi!hX~~hd~~~~~: App~i~t;;'~~i '~t' ~~;……….:: ~gf – Gods, Legal Rights of…. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 708 – Converts Baptized _………….. ,……. 391 – Idea of Religion………. . . . . . . . . . . . . . •. 625 – – Some Striking Answers …………. 948 -Judge, Testimony of a ………………. 68 – Emp!re! V,!st ……………………….. 784 – Opinion-India and Christianity ……….. 148 – MedIca MISSIOns …………………… 148 – Sees Them, Missionaries as One ……….. 146 – Missions to India…………………… 300 – Was Converted, How a ……………… 707 – Moslems Asking Education ………….. 888 Hinduism Bestirring Itself……………… 625 – Mother .•••….•.•…………………. 301 – Failure of .••…………………….. 300 – Salvation to the American ……………. 541 – Loses to Christianity ………………… 300 – Women's Conference ….••………….. 706 Hindus and Moslems in Conference . . . . . . . . . . 391 Indians, Christian, in Canada……………. 713 – Flocki'!j!' in, Hosts of……………….. 311 – in Council ……………………….. 942 History, January in Missionary (a) Belle lL – of Paraguay, Among the Forest (a) G. W. Brain…………………………… 45 Ray ••.•••••…………………….. 807 Holland, Mission Study in….. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 228 – Thank·offering from ……………….. 713 HOME MISSIONS, Practical Result); of – Work for the Red Man. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 225 Frontier (a) W. S. Holt…………… 500 India's Census Tells of Progress, What…… 705. – – Strategy in … . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 941 – Children, Saving •………………….. 722 –Unity in ..•••..•..•……………… 162 – Missionary Activity ………………… 785 How to Persuade Asiatics to Accept the Gos· – Nationalism and Missions (b) Henry Man· pel (a) Eugene P. Dunlop••………… 357 sell ……………………. .'……… 259 Hugnenot Missions in South Africa. . . . . . . . .. 151 – Women, Progress among…………..••• 644 Hu Sie Guong-Fruitful Seed-sowing in Indifference, Remedy for (Editorial)……… 58 China. Sarah M. Bosworth •. _………• 447 Industrial Exhibition Utilized, Japan ……… 304 Hymn, Missionary. Henry Burton. . . . . . . . . .• 523 Insane Asylum for Jerusalem …………… 783 Iceland, Theologians at War in.•………•.. 544 International Mission Study Conference …. 943 Idolatrj' Disappearing in India………….. 391 – Missionary Union. Clifton Springs, New Idols Detroyed in Africa………………. 788 York, 1911. W. H. Batstone……… 609 Illiterates in the Orient……………….. 624 – Sunday·school Convention ……………• 790 Immigrants–Hosts of Hindus Flocking in …. 311 Investigation of Missions ……………….. 161 Immigration, Re8'1;llation of…………….. 154 Investments and the Silent Partner (b) Came- Income Tax, Self·imposed………………• 796 ron Johnson ..•………………….. 366 INDIA. Among Gutcastes in …………..• 644 ISLAM, A Changed Race …………….. 875 – and Burma, Nuggets from …..•………• 611 – Christian Governments and………….. 781 – and China, Illiterates in…………….. 232 – Fatalism in ….•………………….. 229 – – Plague In ………………………. 548 – in Britaill ………………………..• 226 – and Christian: A Hindu Opinion………. 148 – in China …..•……………………• 141 – Baptisms br the Thousand in…………. 624 -!n England-A Correction……………. 246 – Beneficial Effects of the Unrest in……. 165 ,-lU India (a) S. M. Zwemer . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 90' – Bitter Wrong to Converts in. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 707 – in West Africa…………………….. 632 – Blind in ………………………….. 147 – Invading India …………………….. 391 – Caste System Giving Way in …………. 623 – NS:m~laM.nZ~:m~~~ .~~~. ~~~.t~~~~~~~. ~~~ 747 – Christians Advance in ………………. 785 – Numerical Strength of. ……………… 304 – – Congress in …………………….. 323 – Organizing into Congregations………… 306 – Colony of Sturdy Christians in. . . . . • . . . . .. 625 – Ouarterly Review on………………… 64 – Evangelized by Indians. .. . . . . . .. .. .. . . . .. 706 – S"illn.s of I.ife in…. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. 805 – Good News from Tinnevelly..•……….. 147 – ~..Plflt of…………… . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • .• 782 – Gospel Among the Korwas .•…….•..•… 301 – Why AfrIcans Prefer …….. , …….. 394, 709

PAGE PAGE Islam's Grip upon Its Adherents …………. 389 Jesuits in Russia ……………………… 622 Islands–Dutch East Indies …………….• 326 Jesus Christ, the First Missionary……….. 182 Israel Returns to Palestine……………… 389 Jewish Misswnary Conference, Eighth Inter· Italians, Extensive Work for……………. 862 national (a) Louis Meyer…………… 654 ITALY, Jubilee of United (b) Francesco JEWS, Amencan, in Rtlssia ……………. 545 Rostan ……….••……..•……….. 592 – and Palestine …………………. 708, 946 – Coming to Christ. ………………….. 228 – Open Bible in ……………………… 314 – Religious Renaissance in (a) Minnie J. =- Flocking to Christ. …………………. i~j i~ ~~~es~~n~. :::::::::::::.: : : : : : : : : : : : : :. 780 Reynolds ………………………… 597 – Students of, and Religion…………….. 485 – Returning to Palestine ………………. 475 Jackson, How Dr. A. F., Gave His Life …… 552 – Russia and the ……………………… 484 January in Missionary History (a) Belle M. – Russian War on the …………………. 229 Jewish Immigrants in America (a) Louis Brain…………………………… 45 Meyer ………………. , ………… 901 JAPAN, Anarchism and Religion in ……..• 629 John's. Griffith, Prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . 393 – and Korea, Christianity in (b) M. C. wett. Dr. in New york ……………… 700 Harris ………………………..••• 188 . – and Religious Equality………………. 146 rrubilee lIy';"n. A. T. Pierson …………… 579 udson's Sowing, Harvest from ………….. 868 – Buddhism Decreasing in …………… 951 alopothakes, Dr., and the Modern Greeks – Carnegie Gives a Million for…………. 552 (a) Jesse W. Brooks .•…………….. 815 – Cause for Thanksgiving in ..•…………• 146 Kamerun, Missionary Schools Appreciated in.. 308 – – o f Slow Progress in ………………. 787 Kamil, Life of (Editorial)………………. 60 – Cbinese Students in ………….. ,….. 952 Kanakas, Light for the Dark·minded……… 76 – Christianity as a Statesman Sees It……. 702 Kennedy Legacy, Distributing the ……….. 384 –in …………………………….. 642 Kerak, Turkey, Bedouin Revolt at. . . . . . . . . … 230 – Conference of Federated Missions in. , . , .. 395 Khama's Jubilee, King …………………. 309 – Decay of Religious Belief. ……….. ,.. 951 "Khutbas," Story of the Nile Mission Press.

– Ep~~~~li~~~.? ••~~~ . ~.a.'..1."•• ~~).. ~'•.:: .~: 660 Arthur T. Upton ………………….. 744 King George to Honor Missionaries ………. 543 – Evangelizing Korea …..•.. , ……….. 953 King Turned Missionary……………….. 789 – Family Worship in, …•………..•.. 235, 552 KONGO. Affairs on the …………….. 885 – for Fifty Years, Statistics of Protestant – Belgian Reformers ……….•……….. 873 – Free State •••……….••••…•…….. 3D7 Missions in. A. Pieters……………. 669 – Gospel Hunger on the ……..•..•……• 465 – From Montreal, Canada, to Kobe (b) Ar· – Latest News from the •.•…….•……… 554 – Light and Darkness on the…………… 74 thur T. Pierson…………………… 3 – Marvel upon the .•..••.•••………….. 873 – Going Backward in ……. ,………….. 724 – Mission, Belgian …………………… 307 – Half·Century of Progress……………. 629 – Planning Better Things for the ……….• 474 – – – of the Gospel. … ,…………….. 870 – Reenforcements for the……………… 308 – Healthy Churches in ………..•……..• 870 – Situation, To Inspect the •••………….. 473 – Hospital for the Poor …..•……..••..• 871 – State, Changes in the……………….. 244 – Hospital for the Poor in ……………. 952 KOREA and the Gospel. Mr,s. Lillian H. – How Christianity Spreads in………….. 74 -in 1910 …•….. .•………..•. .•••…• 15 Underwood ••.••…………………. 695 – Industrial Exhibition Utilized …………. 304 – Activity of Y. M. C. A …………….. 953 – Nuggets frotll. …..•………•••..•….• 611 – Amazing Growth in … ;……………… 630 – Pioneer of Science and Religion in (a) -Best Year in………………………. 73 – Buddhists Active in ……………….. 953 W m. Elliot Griffis ………………… 889 – Changes of Seven years ……………… 144 – Plan of Campaign in ..•••……………. 324 – Christian Comity in ………………… 953 – Present State of Christianity in (b) Henry – Christian Endeavor in Japan and ………. 553 – Christianity in Japan and (b) M. C. Harris. 188 Loomis …………………………. 665 – Conversion of a Blind Sorcerer in. . . . . . . .. 703 – – Status of Mission in. Harlan P. Beach. 690 – First Impressions of (a) Arthur T. Pierson. 183 – Progress in ……..•.•….•.•……….• 553 – Gains of Twenty·five Years in………… 234 – Secular Forces Helping the Gospel in ….. 552 – Gatliering tlie Slieaves in ..•…….•…… 630 – Signs of Progress m (b) Arthur T. Pier· – Good Report from ………………….. 630 – Gospel Still Making Progress in. • . . . . . . . . • 72 son ……………………………. 111 – Home Missionaries in ……………….• 145 – Social Evil in …..•…..•…………• 952 -in 1910 …………………………… 15 – Superstition in ……•…•••••…•…… 304 – Influence of Japanese Immigration into – Surging Toward Irreligion……………. 476 – Two Tokens of Good in ..•..••….•…… 553 (Editorial) ………………………. 59 – What a Christian Hymn Did ••••••…….. 702 – Japanese Policr .in ……..•………….. 324 Japanese and Korean Churches…………. 82 – Japan Evangehzmg …………….. , … 9S3 – Chinese Christian Teaches.••….•.•…… 226 – Japan's Task ilL ……………………. 702 – Christians Can Be and Do, W'hat……… 303 – Land of G'pportunity (a) Anna W. Pierson 269 – Cities, Slums in the ……………….. 951 – Little Land of Big Things……. . . . . . . . .. 234 – Converted Through a Hymn ………….. 553 – Methodism in ……….••……….. 145, 476 – Evangelis.tic. Movement ……………. ,. 871 – Ministering to the Deaf in…….. . . . . . … 703 – Home Mtsstonary .. ,……………….. 62 – Missionary Church in ……………….. 631 – Gospel Progress According to a……….. 870 – Not a Million, But Everyone… . . . . . . . . … 630 – Immigration Into Korea, Influence of (Edi. – Nuggets from …..•……….•………. 610 – Paton Memorial Hospital in………….. 220 torial) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . … 59 – Pierson Memorial Bible School in…….. 779 – in the Korean Campaign…………….. 394 – Presbytery of ……………………… 145 – Lawyer Converted ………………….. 304 – Progress m ……………………….. 243 – Methodist of Note………………….. 629 – Reaping Harvests in…………………. 81 – Mission in Chicago………………….. 384 – Religious Liberty in …………………. 243 – Missionary Spirit among…………….. 552 – Revival at Peng yang……. .. . . . . . . . . … 243 – Philosopher against Buddha ………….. 702 – Strange Doctrines in………………… 82 – Policy in Korea……………………. 324 – Traveler's Sunday at Peng Yang (b) E. G. – Pop,ulation in l1awaii ………… ,…… 385 – Ratlroad, Christtan Work on ………….. 233 Kemp ………..•.•.•••………….. 275 – Statesman on Ethics ………………… 235 – Zeal for Bible Study in……………… 630 Japan's Task in Korea …………………. 702 Korean Campaign, Japanese in the ……….. 394 – Christians as Givers …….•.•••….•..•.. 631 JAVA, Christian Colonies in ……………. 316 – – in Earnest ……………………… 703 – Gospel Wanted in ……..•………….. 536 – Churches, Japanese and……………… 82 -Life from the Dead in ………………. '76 – City, Condttions in One……………… 72 – Methodist Mission in ………………… 316 – Revival and Its Results .. .'……………… Hl9 – National Awakening upon …..•…..•… 326 – Salvation Army Active in ……………• 874 jean Valjean, Modern (Editorial)……….. 60 erry McAuley Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 . erusalem. Insane Asylum for …….. .' . . . . .. 783 PAGE PAGE Korean, Summer Conference, First……… 73 Medical Missions, Norway and …………. 627 _ – Pbysicians Endorse ……………….. 543 – Woman Did, What One ..•…………… 33?,43 _ School, Christian, for Manchuria………. ~~~ -Kofroear nJs ~aEnveasneg,eliBziibnlge Zeal of………….. , – Students in China, ~onor to …………. 231 Work of. ………… 7 – Work in Resht, Persla …………….. -. 795 702 Korea's Future, Japanese on ……………. , 629 Korwas, India, Gospel among the ……..•… 301 MELANESIA, Langu:,ges of ………. ·.··· Krapf John Ludwig, Birth of. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 M morial, Dr. Pierson s Permanent… . . . . . .. ~g Kuma;"oto Band, Signing of the Christian ·w· _eNuntber, Our ……………………… 792 Covenant by the …………………. 49 -Me-n aFnodr wRaer dl i gMi oonv.e.m. .e.n' t ' '(b)' .E' ii:~iio'rd~: 775718 Kurds of Siberia……………………… 546 -., – Religion of the Dersin (a) Henry H. Riggs. 734 _ _ Movement …….: ………………. 165 Laos Believer, the First. Daniel McGiIvary:. 217 – North Siam, Looking up the (a) W. Chf- _Mepe~' soMnaolveW meonrtk in Ind,a…………. ·.···· 539 J;-eague …………….. ·. 161 ton Dodd .•…•………………….. 351 LATIN AMERICA, Case for Missions in (a) – Reli~ous. Campalgn …………. '::::::.-. 145 MethodIsm ,n Korea.•… ··········· 537 Robert E. Speer ………………….. 167 – !. ~ the Philippine.s…………….. ······· 636 Latin Countries, Nuggets from ………….. 612 – the South PacIfic … '. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 55 Laymen's Meetings, Fruit of. …………… 862 M 'th dist Church in R!-'ssla …………….. 316 – Movement, Four Years of the (a) Samuel 371 _ eGL lenrsi in the Philippmes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 306 – an Mission …………………… 316 – .-!Fr~irof ih~:::::::::::::::::::::::::: 383 – Mission in Java ………………… , …. 477 –Phase of the …..•……………….. 61 – – Scotch …………………………. 486 – Missionaryw~i.ving ………….•••••….. 63 – Service, Christian ………………..•.. 785 – M ney Is Divided, How ……….. ··…. 306 NO th Africa Mission ……………….. 653 LEPERS America and Work for ……..•.. 471 — ~Oork ainmoAfn~icMa.osGlermows thin North Afnca … . – Great Work for …………………….. 476 of. …. ………. 8~~ – in German East Africa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 632 – 0 M~°distsin the Philippines …………… .. ~~~ – of the World (a) John Jackson ……….. 327 = 1 eWco~kredin' 34~67 Liberian Mission, Methodist…………….. 306 0C1h1ea~ltleinongse to Southern……….. among ……… ·····•· Lien Chou, China, Facts about………….. 233 Literary Work by Missionaries………….. 790 East Africa …………. ········ 'T;' MEXICO, Changes i!,-:" …….. E' .~;:.- 209 Livingstone, To Honor………………… 64 _ Christian Opportumtles m. L. . oy 386 LIVINGSTONIA Liberality …………… 634 = vi. – Moody of …….•.. : ……..•………• 211 -Mission ………………………. 253, 7g9 OPrthe:;ntDeOnuotlmooiin.<atiionn.s: I.n..•:………•……. •~h·;·"··. ··· 486 – More Revivals in…………………… 81 _ Protestant Chnstlamty m (a) J …….. 345 – Sleeping-sickness in …………………. 308 Butler ···········:··(··)··N····· 0 Win- – Solid Success in ……………………. 874 _ Religious Influences m a evm ……… 178 Logging-Camps, Missionary Work in (a) ter ..•……………. :……. 385 Frank E. Higgins ………………….. 292 _ Self-SuP,?orting Churches m …… :::::::: 325 London, Lads of……………………… 794 Mexican DIsturbances ..•………. 154 — 1:isslonary Society's Ten Years' Review… 621 – Revolt Spreads ………………….•.. 541 – Y. M. C. A. in …………………….. 313 London's Charities …………………… 227 M'll nnium Still Remote ….•…….. ····•·· 864 "Los von Rom" Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646 MM!!!nm~ersste,r.lNalovCbeltnMdI'idds'sItido'sn Work for ……•… ·. Lucknow Conference on Missions to Moslems. in China …………. 139 Testament Missionary. 938 Stephen Van R. Trowbridge………… 279 -MMilsrFsal'~!Oh'llned-'t(B'baEra)vanodD.leue,tOliaorvn.tag,ntansLo.af the ……. " ……. 471 Luebo, Presbyterian Work at………… . . .. 554 M"IsslOnary Asset on 821 Lutheran Missions ……………………. 462 Leonard ….•.••…. 863 – Missionary Conferences in India……… 947 Mabeyes-Conversion of an African Tribe …. 401 – Study in England ……. ·.············· .. 379 Macedonia, Earthquake in Monastir………. 305 Missionaries, Unsupported :…………….. 632 –, Good News from …………………… 245 =-M'1' E3In~d.ti~enrfceasasrttyi,o.n.A.I np.M.fhlo.ou.vrei.ens.mmc.ees.n,.t.oN.f..a..ht..hv..ee..,……o…n._…….a…….c…..i.t•..'~…r…~..i.t.:.- 715 Madagascar, Good News from …….. .484, 955 790 – Gospel Entering Through the Eye ……..• 556 – Hope in •.•…………•…………•.. 468 755 – New Governor-General of. ……………• 468 – Progress in ………….•…………… 711 Joseph M. Long …… · …. ····· …….. 219 – Public Confession in………………… 556 – Religious Liberty in………………… 75 — SSeornmson•s…………………… ::::::::::::…….. 849705 Malagasy Love for the Bible……………. 75 – Spirtt Vital ………….. ….. .i.i.:o:.~:e…r….B….- 876 Malaysia Pushing for Independence.. . . . . . . .. 711 507 – Supreme Need in …………………. 955 – Task on Hand …….. : … '('b)" Malta-Latest Case of Intolerance……….. 543 _ Training of the ForeIgn M' Hiounlabreyr'st ·O··w···n·S··p:·I·nt·u·ja··i.iie·.· Donald 935 MANCHURIA, Christian Medical School for. 143 ISSFrazer …..• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 938 – Problem of the Students of. F. W. S. – Personality ………………… 627 O'Neill …………..•……………. 118 – Results of the Plague in (b) F. W. S. -Task ……….. ························ 698 =Missions a Church .Luxury? Are ……. ::::: 161 O'Neill …………………………. 603 – Under the Llmehght. …………. ·· 177 – Revivals in ……………………….• 87 Urgency of ……………………….• 219 Manila, Rebirth of……………………. 536 Maori in New Zealand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 795 Wasted Energy in …: ….: ……. · .. ··.. 7 Mariavites in Poland. Louis Meyer ……..• 855 -M'tYh;~~ 1910 in (a) Juh,:,s Jil.'chter………. 59 Mass Movement in India………………. 69 Religion of (EdItorial)…………. 46 – – Toward Christianity ……………… 148 Mateer, Calvin W., a Maker of the New M' ff t 'Mary, Death of ………………… 325 -MooFhraaom.mmetdo, CChhrrt-sst.t. .Ia.n.d,. in West A. .f.r.ic. a. .. .. .. …… China (a) John T. Faris …………….• 8.25 … …… ~~6485 Mayhew, Experience, Birth of. ……..•… : 49 McAlI Mission in Paris, Opening of the….. 47 MOHAMMEDAN Menace in Africa ….. ··· – Missions Paris Flood and……………. 64 – Missions Society ………… 'f' . 'th' .. '('b) McAuley, jerry, Mission-Old and New (a) _ Problem, Present Aspects 0 e 281 Delavan L. Pierson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 433 Charles E. Watson ………….. ······· 782 McBride. R. H.-Apostle to Prisoners ….•. 942 – World ………………… , …… ······236 Mecca, English Mohammedans in . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 Mohammedanism, England and ………. ···· 543 – in England ……………….••…….• 302 Mohammedans, Chinese ……………….. 305 MEDICAL Home, Department for Mission- aries. 'Charles F. Harford ………….• 768 – English in Mecca ………….. ·········· 389 – Host of ……………….•………… 945 – Missionaries, British …….•………••• 226 – in Southeastern Europ~ ………•……. 466 – Missions, Doctors Recommend ………… 153 – Say about Christian MISSIons, What. ….. 941 – – German .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Mohonk Conference ………….•..•…… 252 – – Indian …………….. " . .. . . . . .. .. 148 Money Gifts and Their Value.•…..••…… PAGE PAGE Mongolia-A Neglected Mis.ion Field…….• 144 OPIUM, China and ………………….•• 626 Morales, Dr. Arcadia, the Moody of Mexico.. 386 '- Chinese Movement Against …………. 882 Moravian Missions ……………………. 65 ' – Movement in China, New National Anti- •• 241 MORMON Missionaries in America ……..• 540 – Question in China …………………• 139 – Missions ………….•••• • . • • • . . . . . . . .. 63 ' – S'moking Forbidden ……………….•• 626 : G'rient, Christian Comity in the… . . . . . . . . … 305 Mormonism To·day …………………… 155 – Illiterates in the………………….•.. 624 Mormons, Crusade against. ••…•…•……. 312 Oriental Students, Progress of Bible Study – Women and the ………..•..•………. 862 MOROCCO Muddle ………………….. 803 among (b) Clayton Sedgwick Cooper….. 191 – Slavery in ………………………… 710 Outcastes in India, Mission to ………….•• 547 Morrison, Robert, Birth of.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 47 – – Raising the ……………………. 887 Pacific, Methodism in the South……….. 636 MOSLEM: Are They .Christian or………. 304 Paganism Increasing in Russia…………. .645 – ForwarG Movement In London………… 226 PALESTINE, Bible Work in …………..• 546 – Girl Should Know, What a …………… 631 – Israel Returns to…………………… 389 – Lands in 1910…………………….. 8 – Jews and ……………………… 708, 946 – Menace ………………..•..•…….. 456 -Jews in ………………………….. 783 – Menace in Sonth Africa ……………. 886 – Jews Returning to Th€ir Own ………… 475 – Meeting the ………………………. 710 – Not Robbers But Seekers ……………• 866 – Missions, Many·sidedness of………….. 389 – Progress in ………………………•• 866 – Testimony to Christian Activity ..•…….. 547 Pamphlets …………………………… 400 – Tolerance in Africa…………………. 46$ – and Periodicals, Recent………………. 879 – Woman, Rights of ………………….. 149 Panamanians Are Churched. How ……….. 386 Moslems Hearts Touched, Some…………. 68 Panay, Pulahanes in (b) Charles W. Briggs .. 513 – Hin.dus and:.in Confere~ce…………… 391 Pandharpur Pilgrimage (a) Alice L. Giles …. 841 – IndIan, ASkmg Education …………… 888 Papacy, Sects in the………………….. 388 -in North Africa, Methodist Work among .. 553 Papua-Missionary Islanders ……………. 711 – Number of Chinese •.•…………….. 948 Paraguay, Among the Forest Indians of (a) – Lucknow Conference on Missions to. Ste· G. W. Ray ………………………. 807 _1!h<;n Van R. Trowbridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 Paris Flood and McAII Missions…. . . . . . . . .. 64 – MiSSIOns to ..•.••.••••…………….. 149 Parliament, Chinese …………………… 141 Motive for Missions …………………… 797 Pastor's Testimony …………………..• 700 – Only, Which Avails ..•..•……………. 795 Paton Memorial Hospital in Korea ………. 220 Matt, Dr., Addressing Students in North Peace, Progress Toward……………….. 321 Penang Schools CrOWded ……………… 955 Africa ….••.••…….•…………… 464 Perils of Robbers in ·Persia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 784 Matti John R., in the Near East….. . . . . . . .. 484 Persecution of Christians in Nigeria …….. 954 Mou e, Chinese Farewell to Archdeacon. . . . .. 393 NATAL, Church Union in Education . . . . . . . . 151 – Jubilee and Unity in ………………… 724 PERSIA. Boys' School in Urumia ……….. 866 National Bible Institute ……….•…..•…. 861 – Christian Schools in. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •• 784 Native Christian Church in India ……••…. 786 – Christians in India, Mission Arranged by.. 231 – Continued Unrest in ………………… 803 –Prayer Life of (b) ……………….. 439 – Investment Worth Considering. Blanche – Ministry for India, Training a. W. T. Wilson Stead …………………….. 128 – Medical Work in Resh!. …………….•. 231 Elmore •….•……………………. 442 – Opportunity in ……………………•• 564 Needs, One Billion without Go'pel. …….. 956 – Perils of Robbers in ………………..• 784 – Present·day, in Missionarv W8rk ……… 778 – Presbyterian Work in ……………….. 390 Neesima, Joseph Hardy, Birth of………… 47 – Progress in ..•.••…………………. 865 – Women's Rights in ………………… 946 NEGRO and the Y. M. C. A……………. 311 Persian Girls in School. ……….. ,…….. 784 Negroes in America-After Fifty Years of Persians in Chicago……………………. 792 Personal Work-Begin at Once ………….. 797 Freedom ……………………. , …. 310 Philippine Islands, Self-Support in the (a) – Missions to Africans in America………. 383 – Since the Civil War, Progress of Ameri- Charles W. Briggs…………………… 33 can. W. E. Burghardt Dubois., … , …. 460 -to Canada, Emigration of. ……………. 472 PHILIPPINES, Fruitful Work in the …… 874 Negro's Future, ….. , ……. , …………. 792 – God's Messengers in the. Edith White – Welfare, Growing Interest in …………. 471 Jansen ….•…………………….. 517 New-born Men in China (b) …………… 935 – Items from the…………………….. 398 NEW GUINEA, Ex-Cannibals Flocking to – Liberty in the……………………… 482 Christ in •………………………• 955 – Methodism in the ………………… 537, 874 – – Motor-boat for …………………. ,. 538 – Missions Prospering in the…………… 75 – – Progress in …………………….. 643 – Open Doors in the…. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 483 New Hebrides, Heathen Women in the. T. – Pulahanes in Panay (b) Charles W. Briggs. 513 – Wonderful Decade in the … ' ………..• 536 Watt Leggatt …………………….. 776 Pierson, Rev. Arthur Tappan, Death of. By New Weapon for the Old Controversy, Islam D. L. Pierson…………………….. 487 (b) Samuel M. Zwemer …………….. 747 Pierson, Arthur TaEpan: His Life and His New York-Jerry McAuley Mission-Old and Message. Contrlbuted by Friends and Co· New (a) Delavan L. Pierson . . . . . . . . . . . . 433 workers (a) D. L. Pierson…………. 567 – – Work among Russians in ……….•… 791 Pierson Memorial Bible School in Korea, New Zealand, Maori in ………………… 795. Nicaragua, Protestant Churches in……….. 565 617, 779 NIGERIA, Gospel Welcomed in…………. 788 PLAGUE and Famine in China …………• 403 – Persecution in the………………….. 872 – in China, Famine and ……………….. 241 – Persecutions of Christians in ………… 954 – in India and China…………………. 548 – Southern …………………………. 150 -in Manchuria, Results of the (b) F. W. S. Nile Mission Press, "Khutbas," Story of the. O'Neill …………………………. 603 Arthur T. Upson ………………….. 744 – – – l l l NORWAY and Medical Missions ………… 621 _MT~~~f'r.. ::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::: m ~ Fisherman. Revival among the. Anton Nyasaland. Remarkable Circulation of the Pocket Testa1t!ent League………………. 303 ASIa ……………………… 395 Poem-Our Brother Man. J. G. Whittier …. 608 – The Hindered Christ. Alice J. Nichols…. 814 – The Missionary Call. George L. Gleason.. 512 POLAND, Mariavites in. Louis Meyer. ….. 855 Scriptures ………………………. 152 – Movement in Russian ………•.•••…..• 163 – Signs of the Dawn in (a) Donald Fraser.. 247 – New Reformation in …………………. 475 Oberlin. Phenomenal Assemblage at. ……… 471 Policemen, German Federation of Christian.. 544 Obstacle to Missions, The Greatest……….. 620 Ponape, Rebellion on ..•……••………… 477 OCEANIA, Leprosy in …………… , ….. 343 Porto Rico, Churches in……………….. 713 Omaha Standard Campaign ..•..•…..••.•..• 382 Portugal and Spain, Unrest in .•………… 804 01llf,!le, Prayer.meeting at………………. 45 – Church and State in ……•••…….. 227, 485 OplnlOnS and Facts ……. .- ……•..•. "…. 8(0 -Priests in .. ,., •…….. , ……….. , … , 388

19I1 ] INDEX

PAGE PAGE Portugal, Situation in .•.•…….. · · · · · · · · · 726 Schools in Turkel' G!lvernment and Mission. _ to Grant Religious Liberty…………… 466 S l(b)d Charles • R,ggs .. , ……………. 363 Sco~~n , Church Union in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864 Power, Source of ……………… ····· … 859 Scu er, Dr. Joh~~ Death of…………… 46 Prayer, Day of, for Students ……………. 153 cotch Laymen's Movement ..•………….• 486 _ Life of Native Christians (b)…………. 439 Scudder, Rev. J. W., Progress in India Seen Prejudice and Falsehood on Missions…….. 138 b>; , ……………………………. 546 Preparation, New Emphasis on …… · …..•• 646 Sectanam.m, Pest of. J. R. Alexander…… 290 Self-support and Independence………….. 148 Presbyterian Board-Embarrassment of Sue· cess ….•..•..•••……•.•………..• 307 – – and Seli,c?'rist!an;;zation in India ..•… 231 – – In th!, Phl!tppme Islands. (a) Charles _ Missionaries, Hundred New …… · ….•.• 713 W. Bnggs •••..•..•……….•…..•.• 33 _ Progress in India…… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • 70 _ Reenforcement, Large …••••••……..•• 635 Self·s",stai~ing . Missi~ns ………………. 797 Shansl Umverslty, Chma, Dr. Timothy Richard _ Work at Luebo ……………… · ……. 554 and • •…•. • ••. . …….. ….. . . .C.h.~;l~s• 551 _ Work in Persia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 Shantung, Ding, the Apostle of. Prisoners Apostle to •…………•..•…• 942 Problem 'Solving the (a) David McConoughy 923 . Ernest Scptt •.•••••••…………….. 125 Slam, Lat!' King of ..•……..•……….• 221 Progres; of Religion in the United States (a) – New King of ……………………… 70 Edwin Munsell Bliss••••..••.••••… ·•·. 18 Prospectus for 1912 •••.•••••….•……•• 937 – North, Looking up the Laos (a) W. CIif- . ton D,!dd •. : ..•••••..••……•…….• 351 PPrruosvsiidae,ncCe~reOroifenYt oiunth…in..•…•………… . ·· .. · … 862 SIamese Kmg, Gifts from……………… 626 · ·. .. ·.•• 387 Queensland Bible in the Schools of…….. 888 S!BERr~, .Kurds of ••••••••….••.•…••• 546 RRee~amdainng~, Unwholesome ………………… 701 SIdon, l':b.sslOl1:ary Far~ ~t ••••••……•.•… 230 John, .Bi.rth of……………….. 47 Slave·raldmg tn Abysslma .•••…………•. 483 ReIndeer as a MISSIonary Asset. • . . . . • . . . . . .. 863 Religions Differ, How the Great …………• 714 SLAVERY to Be Abolished ……………. 237 – Portuguese, Doomed in Africa ..•.•..•••• 566 -Great …••••••.•..•…•••••…..•…..• 546 Slavi" Invasion of Canada•. , …………..• 312 Rescue Missions, Convention of…………. 539 Rescuing Fallen Men ………..•.. ·· .. ;· .• • 794 Sleepmg-sick'1ess a Bar to Missions …..••.• 467 – – pecr~a~mg .. ,' …………………… 151 Results of Christianity . . . . . . . . . . . . . · · · · · · . · • 455 – – m LIVtngstoma ••••••.•…..•….. .• 308 Revivals in China, Recent (b) William N. Smyrna Burned, Girls' College at. ……. : .• 230 Brewster .•.••………………•.•…. 87 Rhenish Missionary Society…………….. 309 Social Ji:-:il in Japan ………………… 952 -S-oW cietlypfmorg.th~OPutropthaega.t.i.o.n. …… …….. .. 406 Richard Dr. Timothy, and Shansi Univer· of the Gos…e!.: .• 713 sity; China ………………….•….• 55l Song, A M,ss,onary .•••••..•………….• 490 Robert College to Date . . . . . . . . . . . . · · . · · . · . • 229 South African Government…………….. 633 ROMAN CATHOLIC Church in Malta ….., SOUJH AMERICA, Aborigines of (a) R. J. _ Catholic Countries, Missions to (a) Robert unt …………………………… 527 E. Speer ………………………… 167 –Movement in Poland ……..•……..• 163 – – Amazon Atrocities ………………. 943 __ -C!anthoJliacpiasm!" in France………… ·· .. ·… 65 SOUTH AFRICA, Y. W. C. A. in ……•..• 309 Korea and China, .•………• 235 – – Case for Missions in (a) Robert E. _ _ tn MeXICO •••••..••…..•..•………• 345 Speer •••• : •…..•…•..•……..•…. , 167 _ Catholics Leaving Their Churches . . . . . . . . 646 –Pr?gress m ……………….. ,…… 805 __ Want the Bible ………………….. 227 – Amencan Conference ………………. 542 Rome in Austria, Away from ……………. 474 and the Vati"an .. SP~~N 388 00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ Methodist CoJlege in .. , ……… ·· ……. 714 – urch and St~te _tn .. : ……………. " 65 Roosevelt's View of African Missions…….. S5 – Outlook. for M,ss,ons Ill …•••..••.•• ·•.•• 85 _ Professors and the Vatican …………•• 313 – U:nrest In Port~gal.and ……………•• 804 Rumania, Cave·dwellers in ……………. , 229 – .SlgnS of Prolntse tn ………………. 945 SPIritUal and Political Vision……….. . • 380 RUSSIA, American Jews in …………•..• 545 Stanley, Henry M., Birth of. ………… : . :. 49 – and the Jews………………. ··· .. · … 484 _ Baptist Harvest in …………… ··.·· ..• 474 ST~T~STICAL Tables-Correction …….. 318 _ Christianity in …………………….. 725 Statistics, Church in South Africa ……..• 556 _ Despair in ………………………… 153 – [acts and Flll'ures for 1910…………… . 1 _ Events in .•……………………•••. 804 – or ~909, C;hl!,ese ..•.•……………… 140 _ Great Baptist Reformation in ………• , •• 622 – ForeIgn Mls~l,nary ••………………. 540 – Jesuits in ………………………… 622 – L~th!,ran MISSIons •…•………….•..• 462 _ Jews in ••……………………….•• 780 – M,SSIOnary and Church •…………….• 140 _ Methodist Church in …………………. 545 -Numerical Strength of Islam ………… 304 _ Paganism Increasing in… . . . . . . . . . . . . . … 645 – of Scandinavian Missions (b) Louis _ Pastor Fettler as an Evangelist in. . . . . . . •. 622 _ Protestant Missionaries Entering …..•. ,., 85 Meyer ……. :.: ………….. ,……. 770 _ Remarkable Spiritual Movement in (a) – of Protestant M,ss,ons in Japan for Fifty William Olney ……………. · ……. 114 Years. A. Pieters ………………… 669 _ Salvation Army in ………….. ····· 545, 865 – of the Protestant Missionary Societies of —to Enter •………………….•.• 474 _ Signs of Life in……………………. 84 the Worl.d for 1910. D. L. Leonard….. 8 Russian Baptists Aggressive…………….. 153 – Some Afncan .. . . . .. .. . . . . . .. .. .. …. 150 –Aid for " …•.. , ..•…………….. 794 Stewardship and Irresponsible Collectors…. 462 _ Census, Latest …………………….. 163 Stokes, Samuel, Jr.-Brotherhood of the Imi- _ Priest Unfrocked ………………….. 622 _ Universities, Trouble in……………•.. 388 tation of Jesus …………………… 147 – War on the Jews …………………… 229 Student Conference in Constantinople ……. , 404 Russians in New York, Work among …….. 791 – Volunteer Movemen~ Results …………. , 793 Salvation Army Active in Java ………….. 874 – VoJunteers, Austrahan •…………….. 86 – _ Hospital ……………………….. 871 – – for 1910; Sailed ………………….. 245 —in Japan ……………………. 952 – – TwentY-:lVe Years of the ………… 940 – – i n a New Field …………… · … · … 707 – Volunteers Great Year …………….. 861 _ _ in Russia ., •..•…………..•… 545, 865 Stude!!ts and ~is!rions in China………… 551 – – to Enter Russia…………… · ……. 474 – Astir for MiSSlons ••………………. 64 –Work, Growth of …………………. 712 – Da,. of Prayer for …………………. 153 Samoa Mission Self·supporting ……….•••• 477 – of Manchuria, Problem of the. F. W S Samoans as Evangelists …………….•. , 537 Samoan's Sermon, A ………………….. 538 O'Neill •• ",' " . , " .• , .•……..•…. .' .. : 118 San Salvador, Baptists to Enter………… , 542 – Returned Chtnese Christian …………. 141 Scandinavian Christians, Missionary Activity St'ldy Conferen".,,;. I.nternational Mission …• 943 – In Holland, lUSSIOp……………….. 228 of. (b) Louis Meyer ..•.•…………. 770 – World Tour for ¥,~slOn ……………•• 384 Sumatra. German MISSIons in…………… 76 – Good News from .•..••……..•••….•• 538 Sunday·school Convention, A Polygot …….• 861

PAGE PAGE.

Sunday-School, Missionary Policy _______ . _. 61 Union Missionary fraining on the Field – – Work in India, pushing ………….. , 7~~ (Editorial) • . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . .. . … 57 —Three Years of. … ······· ., .•……• – of !iaptists an~ Free Baptis~s ………, .. 941 Swain, Dr. Clara, Arrival of, at Bare.lly, Ind.a 48 – ReVival Effort 111 SucHou, Ch111a………. 232 Sweden Missions •••.••……………….. 773 United Presbyterian Missions …..•..•.•.••. 635 UNITED STATES, Progress of Religion in -SYGRr:IeAa~ Good News from ………….. ···· 4~7j5g the (a) Edwin Munsell Bliss………… 18 Center. of Light …………….. – Universities Scheme for China. Thomas – M,ssion at S!don: ………….. ··.······ 6')3 Smith .•…•…………………….. 673 – Time of Test111g 111 ..•… ················ ~ Syrian Christian Convention at Mal'amana, 683 Unity, Christian, in Great Britain?………. 63 – in China, Christian ….•………•.. _. .. 142 Travancore. J. Stewart. ………….. ·· Tangier, Thriving Missions in ………….. · 46.+ Universal Races Congress……………… 802 University of Michigan Mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539 Taylor's, Hudson, Work, Goes on ……….. · 864 Telugus, Dr. John E. Clough, the Apostle to Unsupported Missionaries ……………..• 379 Urumia, . Persia, Boys' School in ………… 866 the (a) Henry C. Mabie …………… · 103 VUerurbnedci1k, New Missi on in …… . . • . . . . . . . . . . . 470 TEMPERANCE in Germany ………….. 228 Guido F., Birth of… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 _ Sentiment Phenomenal Growth of. …… · 713 Vision, Spiritual and PoliticaL ………….. 380 Tbakombau, 'Baptism of. ..•………….. ·· 46 Waldensian Church in Italy (a) Minnie J. Tibet Be Opened? W.ll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 403 _ Reforms to Come to .. ·………………. 708 Reynolds ………………………… 597 TTiinmneevfeolrly,WGorokoda.n~dewWs orfsrhoimp ..:. …. ……. · • 463 WaldmeierA. Theophilo ….•……………. 464 .•. : ……. . • 147 Wanoro- Story of East Africa. Josephine B. Hope ….•.•••••••……………. 445 Togoland, SuperstitIOn .DecreaS111g m ……. • 469 War at Hand? Is the Abolition of……. . .• 634 Toronto Churches MOV111g on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 155 Training of Missionaries ……………… 621 Warneck Gustav (a) Julius Richter ……… 204 Warneck s Epigrams, Dr. • ••….•………• 714 – of the Foreign Missionary (b) Homer B. 507 – Missionary Epig.rams, Dr. Gustav ……..• 672 _ OI~I~~~e]iield' 'U;;i~;" Mi;;i~;'~~~' (Edit~;i~ij 57 Waste Material, Using ••••••………… ,. 566 Week of Prayer, Beginnin~ of the……….. 46 _ School New' Missionary ..••………•… · 224 Wesleyan Methodist MiSSIOnary Society….. 955 Transvaai New Station in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ·· 310 West Africa, Good Sign in ••…………..• 244 Treasurie~, Mission.ary-What Is the Trouble 620 TriJ;l"li and Its. ~lsslOns … . .. . … . ……. 931 Widowhood in India ………………….. 624 Woman and the Regeneration of India. (a) _ War and MISSIOns 111 ..•…………… · 801 E. M. Wherry……………………. 262 Tsetse Fly, Fli.ght fr,?m. the …. : ………… 467 W<lman's Jubilee Campaign. (a) Helen Barrett Tubingen Medical MISSIOn Institute……… 313 Montgomery •….•..•…………….. 407 Tucker, Bishop, and Uganda………….. ·· 469 – Life in Africa Ca) M. E. Ritzman …….• 425 – – i n China (a) M. E. Ritzman ………. 93 TURKEY, American Schools in . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623 – Society, Jubilee of a ..•…….•………• 224' _ and Zionism •••…..•.•………….••. 390 – Union Missionary Society of America….. 224 _ Bedouin Revolt at Kerak ……..•…….. 230 _ Bible in …………………………. 783 WOMEN, Heathen, in the New H,brides. T. Watt Leggatt ………………….. 776 _ Critical Days in ………………….. 883 _ Day of Opp.ortunity in .••………•.. ··· 83 – in China, Facts Concerning………….. 787 _ Education in .•..•…..•……………. 164 – in Missions ………………………. 463 _ Euphrates College . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67, 149 – of China, Education of the. Effie Muriel _ Government and Mission Schools in (b) Bond …………………………… 524 Charles T. Riggs …………………. 363 – Progress among India's Women ……….. 644 _ Greek Church in …………. :…….. 884 – Rights of Moslem ………………….. 149 _ M!ssjon S~hools in High Esteem m ….. ·· 865 – Turkish, Coming to Their Own……….. 67 _ MISSIons In ••……•………………. 801 Women's Missionary Jubilee ………….. 245 _ Nuggets from ..•………………….. 611 – Work in Germany…………………. 66 _ Outlook in ……………………….. 244 – – Semi-centennial of ………………. 310 _ Reaction in ………..•…………••.. 782 World Christian Student Conference . . . . . . . . . 154 _ Religion of the Dersim Kurds (a) Henry – for 1910, Statistics of the Protestant Mis- H. Riggs ……………………….. 734 sionary Societies of the. D. L. Leonard 8 _ School for the Deaf in ……………… 305 – in Boston …•.•..••••……………. 61, 405 _ Shadow and Sunshine in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · 564 – – Seeing the (b) Frank W. Harold …… 194 _ Some Progress in ..••………………. 865 – On Tour ….••……••…………..•. 635 _ Then and Now …………………… 623 – Tour for Mission Study ……………… 384 _ To Have Public Schools .•………….. ·· 67 Year 1910 in Missions (a) Julius Richter…. 7 _ Worth While? Are Missions in ……….. 230 Yor!. Missionary Conference at…………. 863 Turkish Atrocities •••..••••••…. ,…….. 854 Y. M. C. A. Foreign Work, Gifts for. ……• 223 _ Moslems Invading Chicago ….. '…… , . . . 62 – Great German •.•………………….• 387 _ Women Coming to Their Own………… 67 – in China •••…••………………….. 562 Turks Outlook for the young……. . . . . . . .. 708 – in London •.••……………………• 313 – Korea, Activity of ………………..• 953 Typho'id, Inoculating Missionaries for. …… 152 – Negro and the …..•………………..• 311 – Secretaries, Chinese ……………….. 869 UGANDA, Bishop' Tucker and …•…….. · 469 – World-Work………………………. 61 _ By Motor Car 111 .•••••••••••……….. 632 Young Men in the East ……………….• 641 _ Converts by the Hundred in ………….. 789 – People's Missionary Movement……….. 61 _ Fift)' Years' Growth in ……………… 469 Y. W. C. A. in South Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 _ Land of the Death-shade …………… ·. 369 Zenana Bible and Medical Mission ………. , 387 _ N.otab~e C,nfirmation in ••••••………..• 470 _ Situatton 111 …. ………………….. 75 Zionism Moving on …………………..• 864 Union, Church, in Educatio"!- •••………… 151 – Turkey and ••…..•••••…………..•• 390 _ College at Banlf'llore, IndIa …………. 231 Zulu Evangelist ..•………..•••….•….• 467 _ in Ceylon, Chnstian•••••………….. ·• 147 – Missions, Diamond Juhilee for the .••….• 634 _ in China, Church …………………• 882 – Preachers in Africa, Traininl' for .••….. , 237 _ _ Progress Toward Church ………….. 949

The Missionary Review of the World — January 1911

HUNDRED AND EIGHTY~SIX CANDIDATES ON THEIR WAY TO BAPTISM, IJ..OILO, PHILIPPINE

THE JARO CHAPEL AND CONGREGATION, ILOILO THE GHOWING CHUHCH IN THE PHILIPPINES

C£he dM{ss{onary CJ(e~iew

of the World VOL. XXXIV. No.1 JANUARY, 191 I VOL. XXIV. No.1 Old Series New Series SIGNS OF THE TIMES FACTS AND FIGURES FOR 1910 cumulation of greater power to over- The outstanding missionary facts of come them. He is leading on and His the past year are ably presented by Dr. people are learning to follow more Julius Richter on another page. No unquestioningly and more closely. The student of missions can fail to see statistics for the past year (see table signs of awakening in the Church at facing page 8) give evidence of in- home on the subject of the Christian's creasing gifts to missions in spite of duty to the world and the need of commercial unrest. In America the greater energy and cooperation. We increase amounted to nearly $600,000, also note with thanksgiving the evi- and in the past ten years the income of dences of. the power of God on the the societies has nearly doubled. In mission fields, and believe that many England the increase last year was workers are coming to realize more about $1,500,000, an amount similar to definitely that the world must be won the increase in America a year ago.

by the Spirit of God using His chosen The German societies report an in- and submissive instruments and re- crease this year of $100,000, and last generating the hearts of men. year of $220,000. The totals for the There are mighty difficulties in the Christian world give an increase in way both at home and abroad-the gifts from home churches amounting worldliness, absorption in business and to $2,280,000, while a year ago the in- pleasure, the prevalent unbelief in the crease was only $1,500,000. Surely Word of God and neglect of evan- the work of the laymen, women and gelical preaching in churches and mis- young people is having some effect.

sions. On the field there are the Of the individual societies, some obstacles presented by the unrest of show a decrease, while substantial the awakening nations, the eager de- gains are reported by the Southern mand for material and mental products Baptists, Disciples of Christ, Meth- oE civilization without the Gospel of odist Episcopal Church, Presbyterian Christ and its requirements, the oppo- Church (South), Canada Presby- sition of worldly-minded travelers and terians, English C. M. S., Primitive merchants, and the inefficiency of mis- Methodists, China Inland Mission, guided or poorly equipped missionaries United Free Church of Scotland, -those lacking in mental training, Leipsic Society, and others.

practical ability and spiritual power. The income from the fields has in- Because the work is God's work creased nearly $300,000, a proportion these obstacles will only mean the ac- greater than at home.

There were added last year to the representative Parliament, and the native mission churches nearly 140,000 Senate has asked to inaugurate a new communicants, or about 2,800 a week. constitutional cabinet after the Chinese Schools and pupils also report gains. New-year (February). There are The showing is not sufficiently en- rumors of the retirement of Prince couraging to produce any feeling of Ching as Prime Minister, and if this elation, but wherever the seed is occurs it may mean still more rapid being planted in faith and love, and is strides in reform. watered by constant prayer and cultivated with patient care, there is cer- Rev. E. W. Thwing, of Peking, tain to be a harvest. sends word that on December 2 the anti-opium bill passed the new Chi- THE UNREST IN EGYPT ;0 nese Parliament that total prohibi- The situation in Egypt is still critical. According to the London Standard, all tion is to take effect this year. They the parties antagonistic to the British ask for cooperation of all friends of occupation, whose dissensions and di- China. China has been aroused to versity of object have diminished their send a monster petition to England to power, are making a serious attempt free China immediately from opium to join forces. The Nationalist party treaties. Mr. Thwing also says that has been split into two bitter factions the British are pressing a new opium as the result of a lawsuit for the pos- agreement to continue the sale of session of At Lewa, the official organ. British opium until 1917. The Chi- The Party of the People is more nese are strongly opposed to this and powerful than either of these factions, desire immediate prohibition. for it is supported by more important men, politically, socially, and finan- This is the outcome of the fiftieth cially. Its official organ, At Gareedah, anniversary of the treaty permitting shows a sympathy with reform, and the sale of opium, which was forced with the New Islam, but it has been on Chi~a by the British opium wars. noticeable for its bitterness against the Encouraged by the support of the Khedive for his friendly relations with people of Great Britain and the the British agency. A call to prayer churches of the world, and by Presis sent out by the missionaries, and we ident Taft's call of an "International should ask wisdom for the authorities Conference for the Suppression of in the difficult task of governing, also Opium" ; aroused also by Great for the missionaries and the native Britain's acceptance of this call only Christians. on condition that its agreement with China about opium shall not be dis- THE NEW CHINESE PARLIAMENT cust, China's new Parliament began its history with an appeal to Great China is moving with increasing Britain for release from the opium momentum and at the same time with treaty, followed three weeks later by an idea of direction and purpose. Al- opium prohibition. The world should ready the people have become im- support China in its brave stand patient of the delay in calling a fully against the great menace to her moral and material progress.

EDITOR'S LETTERS FROM

FROM MONTREAL, CANADA, TO KOBE, JAPAN BY REV. ARTHUR T. PIERSON} D.D.

The overland journey from Mon- whole population. The fisheries are treal to Vancouver is not one replete immense in extent and value.· And, with incident. Some things are indeed, every form of human industry worth noticing, however. First of all, here finds adequate field with ample the amazing and almost incredible recompense. rapidity of growth noticeable in Canada. In 1871, for instance, Win- Another, perhaps the strongest and nipeg had one hundred inhabitants; most overwhelming conviction, is that now, 134,000. Here is a growth, in of vastness. We recalled an Englishabout forty years, more than thirteen man's attempted description, who, hundredfold. One can almost see after crossing the continent and going towns and cities growing. A railroad from north to south, bounded it in his station, with a primitive post-office, a original fashion as "on the east by the grain elevator or a pile of lumber, with sutlrise, on the north by the pole, on a few rude hamlets, and perhaps a the south by the equator, and on the small church building, mean a new west by the Day of Judgment l" But settlement, a center of harvest fields, Dal'liel Webster's famous saying also or mining operations, or lumber recurs to mind. After a considerable camps; and, by a twelvemonth more, journey westward, as far as facilities no one can tell what increase there of travel in his day justified, he came will be. Of what immense importance back, saying that four words exprest to guide and mold these incipient com- his impressions of the United States: munities and commonwealths at the "Abundance, luxury, decline, desolabeginning! As on the famous "water- tion," meaning, of course, that the shed" of the continent which we pass, peril besetting the land was that the a hand might divert a stream to either wealth of our resources and possibilof two oceans at will, just here destiny ities might tempt us to luxurious inis being determined for good or evil; dulgence, until our virility and virtue and one godly man or woman may do were sacrificed, and desolation was much to shape it for time and eternity. the ultimate outcome. From this la- Society is here plastic, waiting to re- mentable result nothing can save us ceive impressions. but the fear of God and the restraints of a godly civilization. Another feature is variety of resource. Here is the granary of the The American people are not awake world-vast grain fields of tens of to the imperative and instant need thousands of acres, that are without a of home missions. Sunday-schools, fence, and must be sown, reaped, and churches, Christian homes, in these inharvested by machinery. They are too cipient empires, along the lines of the vast for a human hand to attempt to transcontinental railways, might mean cultivate, and the laborers are too few. more than any arithmetic can measure Here are mineral and metallic treas- of development for the Kingdom of ures enough to enrich the world; and God. To prevent evil from getting lumber adequate for the wants of its such foothold as that it can not be dis- lodged, and, in its stead, establish

evangelical Christianity, might save than we have seen elsewhere. Throngs many a recently-planted germ of a vil- of devotees were going to and fro, in lage or city from becoming a formid- ceaseless procession. It is, perhaps, able and fruitful center of the deviI's the most interesting sight in Tokyo. In activities. * front of the shrine is a nearly-square Firat Glimpse of JII-pan box, about four feet high, with parallel strips running across it, with sloping Japan is a Pantheon. If there is sides which leave a narrow opening religious liberty here, it is largely the for coins to slip through. There is a tolerance of indifference. Here Bud- ceaseless clatter of small gifts, as they dhism, Confucianism, Shintoism and fall into the receptacle below; but no other faiths occupy the ground to- worshiper offers a petition until he gether, and without conflict, some has deposited his offering_ It is not people holding all at once without con- pray and then give, but give and then scious inconsistency. Shrines of pray-an instructive lesson for us all, Buddha are everywhere, but there is where the order is like that in the practical worship of ancestors, ana of seventy-second Psalm: the Mikado, and Shinto priests meet you at every turn. "To Him shall be given of the gold of At the Temple of Kwannon, in Sheba; Tokyo, in the district of Asaxuga, the "thousand-handed Goddess of Mercy," "Prayer shall be made for Him conwe saw more real heathen worship tinually." (Verse IS.) It is really very affecting to see the crowds that come to this shrine, and * In one thing the enterprising Canadian Pacific to hear the endless rattle of their gifts Railway might make a marked improvement. There on the bottom of the box, or rather, on the pile of small coins already was but one "observation car" for all tirst-class covering it. Dr. Imbrie says that they passengers. Its entire accommodations, including do not pray here for great things, but open corridor platform at the rear, were capable at practically for good luck. If a man is holding some thirty-two passengers, inside and going to build a house, take a journey, out. Of these seats, three-quarters were quite plant a garden, or enter upon any habitually usurped by men, and, of these men, project, great or small, he comes here usually the maj ority were smokers, who indulged to get the favor of Kwannon before their likings for tobacco without apparently much, he ventures. if any, heed to the discomfort of others; so that those whose nostrils and stomachs could not abide Close by the shrine, on the right "the fragrant weed" were compelled to seek a hand, is an ugly wooden idol that is place elsewhere. It is no interference with the either of black wood, or black with proper rights of others when we claim that volun- age. It stands about three feet high, tary smoking should not compel involuntary smok- on a low pedestal, and easily acing. If an observation-car is intended for all first- cessible. The worshipers rub their class tourists, it is scarcely fair that it be made hands on the hands and face of the practically uninhabitable for even the minority, by idol, and then pass them over their those who indulge their likings at the expense of own; and the features of the image their fellow travelers. Nor can we see how any are obliterated by this endless rubman can claim to be a gentleman who, without bing, until the face is simply an oval even an apology, or an inquiry as to whether his ball of wood and all finger divisions habits are agreeable or offensive to others, lights his cigar or pipe, and proceeds to smoke in their faces. We found it necessary, as none of our little party can abide tobacco smoke, to take our "observations" from the windows of our own compartments; and many others, like its, did ,the same. Smoking is getting so recklessly universal that even the dining rooms of the best hotels are practically smoking rooms where not only the atmosphere hut all your food has more or less of a tobacco ftavorl-A. T. P.

EDITOR'S LETTERS FROM ASIA

on the hands are destroyed. Little plants, and others with metallic ones, children are constantly reaching up to gleaming in the sun. The body was in rub the idol's face and hands. The a white wood coffin, carried in a practise of rubbing this idol must be hearse–the only modern feature in responsible for the spread of not a the whole procession, corpses being few contagious diseases, as it is to commonly borne to the grave on the the last degree unsanitary. Beside the shoulders of carriers, and in a sitting shrine is a sort of booth for fortune posture, enclosed in a square box tellers who, for a trifling sum, fling to similar in shape to a tea-chest, and not the buyer from the end of a rod a roll very much larger. The principal male of paper, supposed to contain prognos- heir walked alone, immediately behind tications concerning his future, framed the bier, the others following on foot, with the usual adroitness and am- and the women in carriages. About biguousness which accommodate the fifty men bore living trees, five or six forecast to almost any event or ex- feet high, with roots wrapt in burlap, perience. Here, also, are tanks of to plant around the grave; three huge holy water to use for the sanctifying cages, about ten feet high, containing of the person, one of a score of fea- birds to be set free at the burial; tures of Buddhism that compel the and dozens of jinrikishas completed conclusion. that Rotnanism has either the funeral cortege, with friends of borrowed many current customs from the deceased. In the middle of the Buddha or reversely. The images procession were the bearers of sundry worshiped, which so often represent a Buddhist symbols, the meaning of woman with a child, enable the Romish which we could not ascertain. Dr.

proselyte readily to accept the homage Chappell estimated the cost of such a to the "blessed Virgin," without any display at 5,qoo yen ($2,500); and essential change in his idolatrous no- conjectured that it was the. funeral, tions or practises. Similarly of the not of a Government official or munic- rosary, etc. ipal dignitary, but of a millionaire In Tokyo we saw another most merchant, who had amassed a fortune interesting sight-a monster funeral in the Australian fisheries, and made procession. Dr. Chappell, of the Meth- friends by that potent god, Mammon.

odist compound, who was with us, said Milllionaries and Mission Work that, in all his years in Japan, he had Of the noble mission work carried seen nothing that equalled it, for mag- on in the Sunrise Kingdom, we have nitude and magnificence of display. It much to record hereafter, when per- may have been a mile long. The pro- sonal inquiry and observation enable cession moved two by two, except the one to write more accurately and in- chief mourners, who walked in single telligently. One thing is lamentable file. First, were perhaps one hundred and unquestionable. From the West and fifty men, each carrying a huge, have come Unitarianism, which· is conical pyramid of natural flowers, liberal not only in its doctrine, but in about four feet high, to stack about its documents, which it distributes the grave. Then followed jinrikishas broadcast and free; and the "new with a score of Buddhist priests; large theology" and "new thought," which, numbers of men with large white lotus to an alarming degree, have already

permeated the native church and min- elsewhere, the great wNk of the istry; so that evangelical faith has future must be done. often a more formidable foe to fight from so-called Christian lands than It is painful to see God's work any that, like the Anakim in Pales- hampered and hindered for lack tine, were native to the soil. But we of workers and funds. We have alhave found nowhere a nobler band of ready seen mission enterprises, of the men and women than the evangelical most triumphantly successful sort, missionaries and Japanese pastors, who where one additional worker, or a gift are closely clinging to the Word of of five hundred dollars, would at least God and contending for the faith once double or treble efficiency and results. delivered to the saints. The very con- We have wished many times that some flict ennobles their whole character, wealthy and generous givers, whom and enlarges and enriches all their we know at home, could get a glimpse virtues. They learn to endure hard- of the work and its needs. They could ness as good soldiers of Jesus Christ. not withhold money. We feel con- And in every case, so far, we have stantly moved to strip ourselves of all found that the old gospel is still the that can be spared, and study closest power of God unto salvation. Where economy and frugality even in necesthe new theology prevails, genuine sary outlay, that we may invest the conversions which are of a thoroughly little we have in what will pay thirty, Scriptural type, and bear the fruits of sixty, an hundredfold profit. The the spirit, are very rare. But, where Church might well afford to send Christ is fully preached, there the some of her members on a tour of cross proves still mighty to save and observation if only to quicken giving. the converts are of a more apostolic Information, gathered indirectly and type. Of this we shall give many in- from what is read in print, or heard in stances and proofs hereafter. addresses, is comparatively unim- pressive and unenduring. But no man There are mission schools where, as or woman who loves God and His in Eliza Agnew's girls' seminary at gospel can easily forget or disregard Oodooville, Ceylon, nearly every stu- impressions and convictions, born of dent that passes through the full face-to-face contact, and converse course graduates a Christian; and with God's self-denying workers on many go forth as Bible teachers, or the field, and of actual observation of in some way to take their part in J ap- the spirit in which, and the fruits with anese evangelization. Nothing has in- which He has made their work to terested us so much as this noble work abound. We felt ourselves put to with the boys and girls of Japan. The shame at every step and stage of our adult population is difficult to reach. journey through Japan by the contrast Life habits are like iron fetters, hard of our self-indulgence and inefficiency; to break. Life associations are diffi- and yearn, like Paul and Barnabas, to cult either to disregard or displace. visit the church and rehearse all that The younger classes are more pliable God has done, and how He has opened and pliant, and among them, here as the doors of faith and access in this heathen land.

YEAR 1910 IN

BY JULIUS RICHTER) D.D.) GERMANY Author of "History of Missions in India/~ and UHistory of Protestant Missions in the Near East."

The great outstanding event of 1910 cial interest also attaches to the World from a missionary point of view has Congress of Christian Endeavor So- undoubtedly been the World Mission- cieties (called in Germany Jugen- ary Conference at Edinburgh (June bunde fur Entschiedenes Christen- 14-23). This gathering gave to the tum, or E. C.), which met at Agra, churches of Christendom, represented India (November 23-25, 1909), the by delegates from every Protestant de- World Congress of Young Women's nomination, an unusual insight into Christian Associations, at Berlin, in the world-embracing missionary tasks May; the World Convention of Sunand the many-sidedness of missionary day-schools, at Washington, also in enterprise to-day. It brought home to May, and finally, in different degree, them as never before the incongruity to the World Congress of Liberal of the many divisions of Christendom Christians in Berlin in August. All on the mission field in view of these conventions were great and imthe ever-increasing solidarity of the pressive gatherings. At Agra there masses of non-Christian peoples, and were assembled, besides 500 foreign, showed the absolute necessity for 3,000 native Indian Endeavorers. mutual understanding, comity and co- In Washington several thousand deleoperation. It pointed out with un- gates represented the 2I,000,000 Sunprecedented clearness the many com- day scholars belonging to about 250,- plicated problems anslllg out of 000 Sunday-schools in fifty-one difcontact with the non-Christian relig- ferent countries. ions, as well as out of the development Of great importance for Germany of native Christian churches, the was the Colonial Congress held in growth of national systems of educa- Berlin in October, at which the intion and the changing political theories terests of Christianity and of misof European and Asiatic powers. In sions were ably represented. A defishort, the conference placed those nite policy was resolved upon with represent in the very midst of the gard to the ominous spread of Islam mighty current of a missionary move~ in Central Africa.

ment which has for its aim the con- One hopeful sign of the times is the quest of the whole world. brilliant success of the Laymen's Mis- sionary Movement in America, which, The continuation committee, elected under the leadership of distinguished by the conference, will have need of organizers and orators, has attained great wisdom and unwearying indus- national importance. The seventytry in order to take up and carry out five conventions, attended by 65,000 all the ideas originated by the con- persons, held during the winter of ference, and thus form a kind of cen- 1909-10 in various large cities in the tral board for the many different United States, and the impressive Protestant missionary societies. National Missionary Congress in Chi- cago (May 3-5), with which this To-day, when distance is being an- unique missionary campaign was nihilated, and everywhere movements brought to a close, give promise of with similar aims are combining, world congresses are in vogue. Spe-

a new epoch, not only in the mission- trained missionaries have gone forth, ary interest, but also in the religious he became the father of a new type of life of America. British missionaries, who, in spite of A notable feature in the missionary genuine piety and devotion, have life of America was the Centenary sometimes not always been able ade- Jubilee of the American Congrega- quately to grapple with the problems tional Board at Boston (October 11- of concrete missionary work. The 14). This board was the pioneer in Kongo Balolo mission, and the mis- American foreign missions, and it has sions in Peru, Argentina and the maintained a leading position all Indian province of Behar, were through the century. Its great secre- founded and supported by the Regions tary, Rufus Anderson, was one of the Beyond Missionary Union.

pioneers of the theory of Protestant The missionary cause in Germany missions, and the iist of eminent mis- sustained a severe blow when the sionaries sent out to all parts of the Dutch steamer Prins Willem II, which world is a long one. The continental left Rotterdam on January 21 having missionary societies do not quite agree on board the Rev. Ernst Reichel, of with the policy of introducing Con- the Directing Board of Moravian gregational principle in the mission Missions, was never heard of after field, especially where it implies the passing Ushant on the French coast.

independence of still immature native Ernst Reichel was on his way to churches; on the other hand, it must Dutch Guiana on a most urgently be con fest that the system has worked needed visitation of the missions.

well in some fields, e.g., Japan and the Another loss was that of Friedrich Levant. von Bodelschwingh, D.D., founder of Leaders Called Home the Bielefeld institutions, who died on The home churches lament the re- April 2 at an advanced age. He was moval of several recognized leaders of one of the heroes and pioneers of the missionary cause. In America the home mission work, and also a zealous death of the Rev. H. N. Cobb, D.D., and untiring friend of foreign mis- removed one who for nearly three sions. He left the stamp of his per- decades (I882-19IO) exercised a wide- sonality on the German East African spread influence as mission secretary Missionary Society.

of the Reformed (Dutch) Church, In Moslem Lands and who was distinguished for his ripe judgment and his great ex- In Turkey, altho the rule of the perience in missionary affairs. Young Turks is established, it is not England sustained the loss of Dr. yet clear what its effect will be on the Grattan Guinness, one of the leaders development of missions in that great of the Keswick movement and of the empire. The leaders of the Young independent missionary work. By Turk party are, for the most part, means of the East London Institute, free-thinkers, if not actually atheists, afterward known as Harley House, who would prefer that Turkey, like with its branch establishments at Cliff France, should have no religion at all; College, Doric Lodge and Berger Hall, but experience has quickly taught from which hundreds of partially them that their only chance of main- This table includes only Missions to non-Christian and non-Protestant peoples, and so omits work done in non-Papal Europe, while covering that in behalf of Indians, Chinese, and Japanese in the United States. The figures are derived almost wholly from annual reports, and relate in the main to 1910, tho sometimes the year includes a part of 1909. The aim has been to leave the fewest possible blanks, and hence where the latest official figures were not at hand, conservative estimates have been made, based upon former reports.

Collected and tabulated by REv. D. L. LEONARD, D.D. (See note on page I.) NAllES 01' SOCIETIES Foreign Countries in Which Missions Are (Abbreviated) Sustained, and Number of Missions American Board •••••••••••••••••.• 1810 $989,409 $276,715 174 37 185 197 593 306 4,723 5,316 1,431 73,114 5,096 171,910 1,496 73,868 S. Africa, Turkey, India, China, J.apan, Micro- 57,850 nesia, Mex., Sl!ain, Austria, PhIlippines (20). Baptist Missionary Union •••••••. " 1814 1,020,552 33,014 231 22 238 149 640 345 3,784 4,424 2,919 153,103 8,252 250,000 1,898 5,013 Burma, India, China, Japan, Africa, France, ~outhern Baptist Convention .•••••• 1845 501,059 57,424 105 4 102 35 246 114 467 713 828 19,239 3,541 36,500 174 4,063 Spain, Philippines (14).

Free Baptists••.••••••••••••.••••• 1833 43,570 650 6 •• 6 7 19 9 76 95 19 1,487 205 2,312 104 China, Japan, Africa, Italy, Mexico, Brazil, Cuba (7).

India (Southern Bengal), Africa (2).

National Baptist Convention ..••••• 1880 26,159 1,000 52 83 104 24 263 47 77 340 40 8,074 300 8,374 45 7,700 Africa, West and East, West Indies, South America. Seventh-Day Baptists•••••••••••••• 1842 13,000 3,500 3.. 3 2 8 .. 13 21 4 200 20 300 5 190 China (1).

Christian (Disciples of Christ) ••••• 1875 614,115 59,232 86 16 73 68 242 165 972 1,215 281 16,516 2,606 48,000 101 7,212 Chi!,a, India, Japan, Turkey, Africa, Philip. I pmes (6). Christian Convention .•••••••.••••• 1886 16,906 1,129 8 •• 5 7 14 7 30 44 45 964 125 2,200 2 37 IJapan (Tokyo, etc.) (1). Christian and Missionary Alliance •• 1897 295,875 6,828 67 55 89 72 283 24 334 617 225 4,250 670 6,200 102 4,700 ~W. Central Africa, India, China, Japan, South Protestant Episcopal. …………. . 1835 737,161 101,639 90 54 61 76 281 151 822 1,103 383 12,765 1,474 28,000 211 : America. Palestine. etc. (8).

Society of Friends ••• _……….. . 1871 83,106 10,426 25 17 25 36 103 7 174 277 85 3,538 329 7,279 43 8,444 !Africa, China, Japan, Ha.t., Mexico, Alaska (6). Evangelical Association •••…•••••• 1876 41,500 1,421 7 .. 7 8 22 21 46 68 13 1,069 175 2,500 54 2,154 MeXICO, Alaska, Jamaica. India, China, Japan, 2,406 JaoCaunb.a, Armenia, Palestine (8).

Lutheran, General Council •••..•••• 1869 37,450 8,080 8 .. 6 6 20 2 321 341 497 9,257 1,585 316 1 212 5,970 Iudia (Madras), Porto Rico (2). Lutheran, General Synod .•..•••••• 1837 89,000 16, 9,150 India (Madras), West Africa (2). United Norwegian ……………. . 1895 83,402 Five Norwegian Synods••.•••••..• 71,420 20,000 18 .• 10 13 41 2 713 754 527 13,540 2,262 38,400 310 241 Madagascar, China (2). 1,500 500 18 3 18 13 52 6 109 161 74 985 231 1,650 9 2,260 23 59 16 13 111 12 122 233 145 3,526 1,015 16,500 65 Methodist Episcopal ••••••••••.•••• 1819 2,147,666 252,420 330 73 347 326 1,076 561 7,073 8,745 1,065 260,151* 22,899 2,540 76.850 China, Korea, Japan, India, Africa, BuiJlaria, 25,210 1,787 149 9,787 Mexico, South America, Philippines (22). Methodist Episcopal, South .•••..•. 1846 881,520 52,880 96 11 99 101 307 108 390 697 200 2,740 236 14 1,536 249 52 820 China, Korea, Japan, MeXlco, Brazil, Cuba (6). African Methodist Episcopal .•••..• 1847 14,620 4,820 59 71' . 21 12 31 52 84 1,010 269 7 Africa. West Indies, South America (4). Free Methodist ……………… . 1882 53,794 I243 2,020 21 11 19 75 1 127 202 100 102,141 15,400 1,588 1,268 Africa, India, China, Japan (4). 14,250 2,680 48 Methodist Protestant ••••.••.•.••.• 1888 40,500 8,540 3 1 5 12 12 28 40 64 485 46 26 977 Japan (Yokohama) (1). 32,680 5,018 384 Presbyterian ……………….. . 1837 1,393,402 416,293 313 104 345 217 797 302 4,382 5,161 1,867 5,338 299 171 145,225t India, Siam, China, lapan, Korea, W. Africa, 2,600 375 6 Presbyterian, South .•..•••••..•… 1861 495,627 26,380 87 42 88 70 287 14 209 485 461 1,976 395 52 3,820 Syria, Persia, Spamsh Am., Philippines (25). 3,871 748 36 China, Korea, Japan, Africa, Italy, Mexico, 7,605 706 170 Brazil, Cuba (8). Reformed Presbyterian •.••..•..••• 1836 43,859 886 15 1 12 9 37 •• 59 96 18 6,125 472 110 974 Asia Minor, Syria, Cyprus, China (4). 11,640 440 196 United Presbyterian ..•••••..••••.• 1859 335,645 201,067 47 17 55 68 187 82 1,216 1,403 644 34,118 2,180 252 28,751 India (Panjab), Egypt, Eastern Sudan (3). 835,103 82,085 Reformed (Dutch) …………… . 1832 207,405 10,818 34 13 34 39 120 43 681 801 316 769,576 70,965 9,900 India, China, Japan, Arabia (4). 569,720 58,476 Reformed (German) ………….. . 1878 103,000 2,000 17 4 20 12 53 12 127 180 66 400,616 31,681 553 Tapan (Tokyo, Sendai, etc.), China (2).

German Evangelical Synod …….. . 1867 34,687 2,179 9 .. 5 3 17 •. 67 84 58 2,209 India (Central Provinces) (1).

United Brethren in Christ .••…… 1853 82,389 7,858 23 2 22 13 60 19 133 193 199 1,479 West Africa, Japan, Porto Rico, China, Philip- pines (5). Canada Baptist•••….•.••.••.••.. 1873 70,674 I 2560 26 •• 23 23 72 11 419 491 205 Canada Methodist……………. . 1872 370,794 43 108 6 166 458 231 13,420 India (Telugus), Bolivia (2). Canada Presbyterian .••…….••.. 1844 389,163 5:130 76 65 292 3,507 Japan (Tokio), China, American Indians (3). I 37,154 97 18 87 71 273 10 597 870 174 13,420 China, India, New Hebrides, West Indies, For, 11,650 mosa, Korea, American Indians (7). Other American Societies …..•…. 580,242 71,252 208 110 221 83 622 65 70S 1,327 290 515,108 Totals lor America, 11110 .••….• —-1—- — — — —- – – – – — — — Totals for 1909 ……………. . – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – $11,908,671 $1,688,075 2,328 809 2,448 1,850 7,267 2,476 29,193 37,007 13,558 Totals for 1905 …………….. . — Totals for 1900 ……………. . -.-,-•• $11,317,387 $1,375,308 2,630 928 2,270 1,848 7,677 2,416 30,476 38,347 13,144 9,949 437,138 —11–":"- — — — — — — — — — 1,102,706 8,638 303,835 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – $8,120,725 $1,282,500 1,777 369 1,612 1,312 5,145 1,949 22,047 27,086 9,448 $6,115,759 $817,008 1,442 373 1,419 1,220 4,454 2,725 17,829 20,064 7,987 1,016,386 6,252 240,263 Baptist Society (England) …….•• 1792 –$4-3-3-,8-30-'–$"3"8-,2"'40-'–16"'7 22 125 25 339 39 662 1,001 1,127 20,646 1,392 58,000 188 21,817 India, China, Palestine, Central Africa, West London Society (L. M. S.) .•••..•• Church Society (C. M. S.) …….. 1795 763,425 193,525 169 46 132 80 477 962 6,915 7,392 1,730 86,49'4 2,475 300,052 1,755 80,408 Indiea (8). Africa, Madagascar, Polynesia, Propagation Society (S. P. G.) .••• China, Ind.a, Universities' Mission…………. . (9). South American Society•.••••••••• 1799 2,045,290 17,566 403 141 381 435 1,360 417 8,579 9,937 3,543 100,876 4,960 301,285 2,758 165,305 Persia, Palestine, China, Japan, India Africa, Society of Friends…………… . Wesleyan Methodist Society……. . 1701 949,620 250,000 613 122 31 222 988 239 3,239 4,227 1,719 88,230 2,520 225,000 642 67,240 North America, ,Australia, etc. (30). West Primitive Methodist………….. . India,. China, Japan, Malaysia, Africa, United Methodists (Free) ..••••••• Ind.es, etc. (32). Presbyterian Church of England••• 1858 211,560 3,820 35 31 •• 61 127 22 289 416 93 4,960 680 16,200 137 8,245 Africa (Lake Nyasa and Zanzibar) (2). Welsh Calvanistic…………… .. China Inland Mission •••••.••••••• 1844 68,335 105,505 13 16 22 20 71 •• 95 166 37 1,970 ••• 3,240 14 960 South America (3). Established Church of Scotland…. . United Free Church………….. . 1866 169,795 22,840 37 5 34 28 104 457 1,185 1,289 261 2,874 242 19,211 135 7,032 Palestine, India, China, Natal, Madagascar (4). Presbyterian Church of Ireland••.• Other British Societies…•.••••••. 1813 827,245 1,026,324 311 15 170 13 509 308 4,720 5,229 3,291 119,216 4,970 498,000 1,675 114,315 IndIniad,ieCs,hiIntaaly,ASfrpiacian (West and South), West 3 42 2,412 ISO 4,000 22 (29). … Total British Societies …•.••… 1870 80,235 45,955 23 •• 16 5 35 77 56 760 Africa (1).

Totals for 1909……………. . 1857 78,220 6,710 49 3 40 9 101 16 660 761 582 18,625 2,040 40,000 23 1,720 China, East and West Africa, Jamaica (4).

.11 Totals for, 05 …………… .. 1847 149,140 20,500 28 19 30 35 112 49 406 518 322 10,535 786 42,000 173 4,000 India, China, Malaysia, Formosa, Syria (5).

Totals for 1!~00 …………… .. 1840 80,610 1,200 16 •• 15 8 39 25 675 714 577 9,569 311 30,077 409 10,149 N. E. India, Assam, France (Brittany) (2). Basel SOciety……………….. . Berlin Society……………… .. 1865 1,772,975 95,695 .. 365 276 292 933 15 2,012 2,945 1,049 23,095 2,902 92,380 259 5,184 China (Eighteen Provinces) (18). Breklum (Schleswig-Holstein) •.•••• 1829 306,865 44,985 33 27 33 72 169 15 683 852 235 6,335 2,433 17,993 329 15,079 India, East Central Africa, Palestine, China 1843 756,680 50,519 3,708 40,021 1,761 110,094 (4). 1840 127,170 472,440 145 68 153 U2 498 59 4,157 4,655 1,455 1,586 1,171 15,894 212 7,885 India, Africa, Arabia, Palestine New Heb- 14,095 35 6 31 29 101 127 929 1,030 340 rides, Manchuria, Japan, West Indies (12).

China, Inllia (Gujerat), Syria (3).

2,234,215 206,450 338 992 890 868 3,088 76 6,832 9,920 1,476 103,420 3,214 156,600 687 42,530 —-1— – – – – – – – – – – – – – — — —-1–.:…….-1 —-.[–.:…….- $11,055,210 $2,565,850 2,415 1,878 2,379 2,332 9,058 2,831 42,073 51,129 17,893 651,362 33,954 1,860,953 11,179 662,723 -,—1—- — — — — — — — — — —-1—-1 $9,584,653 $2,670,773 2,518 1,747 2,728 2,255 9,257 2,679 38,804 48,063 16,785 606,239 32,412 1,900,078 10,649 604,675 —·1—- — — — — — — — — —[—-1—- $8,197,679 $1,631,207 2,393 1,711 2,176 2,508 8,596 1,895 39,101 47,703 12,959 537,450 41,403 1,333,066 11,447 628,407 — 1—–1– – – – – – – – – – – — — — ____1_ _ _ __ …. 1_$_6,.8._46..,9_5_8~_ _.._._.~._..~_1_,8..1.8 2,590 2,082 1,789 8,309 1,869 _3~5,~8_36~_44~,~76~5-._1_0.,.l~7~8~_3_6~4.,.5~8.4…1•..:.3~1,.2.~50~1..;.:I,.1.4~9~,6O~8~!_9.,l~6~0~1_4~3_7~,8_7~4.1 1815 $416,960 $84,580 158 76 138 21 393 56 1,615 2,008 727 33,316 1,474 60,632 647 34,203 South India, China, West Africa (3).

1824 248,850 108,699 115 14 110 15 254 23 1,010 1,264 525 32,240 214 60,048 324 13,094 Africa (East and South), China (3).

1877 52,370 1,040 18 . • 12 •• 30 •• 129 159 112 1,410 335 6,500 78 1,594 .India (Telugus) (1).

Gossner's Society…………….. . 1836 113,084 6,110 47 7 42 8 104 34 872 976 515 29,364 2,282 91,541 236 6,519 India (Gan&es, Chota Nagpore) (1).

Hermannsburg Society••••••..•..• 1849 123,480 23,560 66 4 66 5 145 6 670 815 163 40,420 940 75,000 190 10,840 India, South Africa, Persia (3).

Leipsic Society ……………… .. 1836 163,165 14,260 60 12 53 18 143 29 256 399 383 11,375 245 23,294 357 16,686 South India, Burma, British and German East Moravian Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1732 211,325 177,500 150 36 172 17 375 34 131 506 952 33,389 1,788 95,902 335 Africa (4). 30,660 India (Ladak), South Africa, Australis, South America, West Indies, Eskimo, Indian. (9). North German Society………… . 1836 61,845 13,757 23 3 16 10 38 2 204 242 151 3,919 439 11,654 164 5,627 West Africa (Slave Coast) (1).

Rhenish Society (Barmen) ••••.••.• 1828 248,479 45,292 162 19 146 20 347 29 961 1,208 649 65,498 1,936 144,929 679 35,334 Africa, Borneo, Sumatra, New Guinea, China Other German Societies•.••••••••• 325,740 – – -33-,5610 1 -11-2 – 3-9 – – 95 – – 45 -2- 91 – – 14 – -10-7 – -39-8 _ _15_ 6 _ _8_,34_0 I___92_5 I_ _16_,63_5 [_ _12_0 I__~ 4,9_ 90 (5). Total German Societies .•.•..••• Totals for 1909…………… .. $1,965,298 $508,358 911 210 850 159 2,120 227 5,955 7,975 4,333 259,271 10,578 586,135 3,130 159,547 Totals for 1905 ……………. . 572,701 —·1—- Totals for 1900 …………….. . — — — — — — — — — —-1—-1 541,182 —- 3,373 1-1-50-,0-21- Paris Society………………. .. $1,860,964 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – $429,419 911 205 846 167 2,129 231 7,917 9,864 4,254 250,782 16,600 289,146 Swiss Romande……………… . $1,587,049 78,200 –2,-46-6 1-1-2-0,8-17- $387,903 903 197 760 124 1,982 167 6,881 8,858 3,332 209,061 26,151 — — — — — — — — —–1—-1 4,680 '" • $1,185,468 $340,118 808 58 678 174 1,718 184 5,102 6,820 2,560 157,460 13,986 2,022 97,587 1—————- I I 1822 $197,700 $43,033 59 26 80 17 182 83 1,009 1,191 900 34,393 1,134 506 26,200 Africa (South, East and Welt), Tahiti, Mada· 1875 64,992 5,072 21 10 25 17 73 1 84 157 81 2,163 45 77 gascar (5). 2,910 East Africa (1).

Netherlands Societies•••••••.••••• 143,276 23,462 113 37 85 50 285 12 299 584 141 8,390 583 16,200 117 4,840 Scandinavian Societies. •.•••••••••• 490,272 63,920 181 32 187 69 469 124 2,268 2,717 1,248 56,920 1,872 107,000 1,330 87,802 Australian Methodist Society …… . 1855 152,510 48,230 34 5 19 28 86 112 ~,112 4,198 1,762 40,900 406 155,000 1,409 2',289 Fiji, Samoa, New Britain, New Guinea (5).

Asia, Africa, The Islands, etc .••..• • •• • I~ 912,1~ 75 ~~ 203~ ,405~~ 575 280 685 269 1,729 293 6,520 8,249 5,624 334,390 9,242 800,000 1,835 73,620 TOTALS FOR CHRISTENDOM _1_91_0 $26,890,104 $5,249,405 6,637 3,287 6,758 4,791 21,248 6,159 91,513 1113,207 45,540 _2_,2_2_2_,8.~..2_1 __l_3_9,_8_99_ 4,951,325 30,215 1,562,039 Totals for 1909 ……………. . • • •• $24,613,057 $4,859,605 7,031 3,260 6,833 4,710 21,844 5,929 92,272 115,130 43,934 2,098,503 135,114 4,866,661 29,190 1,413,995 Totals for 1905 …………… .. 1 – – – – – 1 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – _ _ _ 1_ _ _ _,1 _ _ _ _ 1 27,835 1,246,127 Totals for 1900……………. . 20,196 1,035,724 – – •••• $19,661,885 $3,516,015 5,905 2,567 5,061 4,306 17,839 4,353 89,335 107,174 31,451 1,754,182 143,193 4,072,088 •••• $15,481,565 — — — — — — — — — —·1— !

$1,833.961 4,738 3,409 "',650 3,422 16,218 5,263 62,366 78,585 25,108 1,370,545 94,562 3,556,140 * Including 159,184 probationers. t Includes nearly 100,000 Sunday-lChool scholars.

19II ] THE YEAR 1910 IN MISSIONS

tammg supremacy over the ignorant been committed with a revolver, and and fanatical masses of the people lies revolvers are not mentioned in the in professing themselves the cham- Koran; (2) that no Moslem may be pions of Islam, especially since the put to death on account of an infidel; prestige of Turkey depends upon the and (3) that the accusation had not fact that her ruler is the "Caliph," or been made by the relatives of Butros! successor of the Prophet, and as such the heir to his privileges. The new Missions in Moslem lands lost two constitution guarantees religious free- leaders by death. On April 28, Dr. . dom and equality of all races before H. H. Jessup, a man who for the last the law; but with the same logic of half-century had occupied by far the facts with which the parliamentary most prominent place in missionary system among the many races of work in Syria, died at Beirut at the Hungary has led to fanatical Magyar- age of seventy-eight. Just before his ization, the internal policy of Turkey death he had published, under the impels it in the direction of systematic title of "Fifty-three Years in Syria," predominance of the Turkish element, a biography in two volumes, which at any rate in the northern part of tl;1e forms a valuable contribution to the empire. Altho the excellent mission history of missions in Syria. In May, colleges, notably those of the Amer- Dr. H. N. Barnum, one of the leading ican Board, have hitherto held undis- missionaries of the American Board, puted precedence among the schools of died at Harput. the Turkish Empire, more especially in Asia Minor and Armenia, yet the In Persia the parliamentary Bakh- Government is now creating a system tiari government has been introduced, of State education which will set with the twelve-year-old Shah Mirza aside the mission schools. In view of Ahmed at its head. But peace and se- this uncertain condition of affairs it curity are by no means established in is gratifying to note that, by an of- that unhappy country. In the north ficial decree, the foreign educational Russia has occupied Tabriz, Kazvin and charitable institutions have been and the neighboring provinces, while released from certain irksome restric- large districts in the south are being tions of the Ottoman law; those of the overrun by predatory bands. Eng- American missions, for example, may land has recently taken advantage of now be entered on the official lists, the helplessness of the central govern- and may also become owners of land, ment of Persia to issue an ultimatum, under their own names. threatening military occupation of the south unless order is restored within A drastic illustration of what three months. The partition of the equality of Moslems and non-Moslems unhappy empire between the rival before the law means, even in Egypt, powers of England and Russia is ap- was recently given when the Grand parently only a question of time. In Mufti of that country refused to sign such circumstances missionary work the death-warrant of Wardani, the is carried on under great difficulties. convicted murderer of the Christian prime minister, Butros Pasha, on the Events in Africa grounds ( I ) that the murder had In Africa a new era is dawning in various domains. On May 31 the

union of the British South African hall of Pretoria. The fact that, be- States became an accomplished fact. sides the white candidates of both Who would have thought, ten years sexes, a colored student was admitted, ago, when the Boers were fighting for threw the whole town into a state of their national existence against their uproar, and the authorities flatly re- ancient foes, that in one short decade fused to allow any room in the town Boers and Britons would be settling hall to be used for the examination of down amicably in a union of Federal colored candidates.

States, under the leadership of the In view of the close contact of the Boer General, Botha, and a cabinet two races in South Africa, the ques-'

largely composed of Boers. tion of the training of the natives to On May 17, eleven days after the labor, and of their education in gen- death of King Edwarq, the new eral, takes a prominent place. Care- British Governor-General and Com- ful investigations show that, out of the mander-in-Chief of the Forces, Vis- 203,541 able-bodied natives reported count Gladstone, landed at Cape by the last Native Affairs Commission Town. In his instructions he was ex- as belonging to Cape Colony, one- pressly directed to refuse his assent fourth are employed in and around to any bill by which any subject of the Johannesburg, voluntarily binding Cape Colony, who was otherwise en- themselves for six months to labor in titled to vote, would be deprived of unhealthy conditions in the mines.

the franchise on the sole ground of Another Government commission color or race. Evidently the British has conclusively proved the fallacy of Government is determined to uphold, the repeated assertion that the mis- at all events in Cape Colony, the policy sion schools undermine the constitu- of liberal legislation hitherto pursued tion of healthy "red" heathen by in- with regard to the colored races. It troducing clothing and European is 'satisfactory to note that the Cape habits. Leprosy is disappearing be- Parliament in its last session put an fore the advance of civilization. In end to the long-standing disputes districts where the popUlation is about the so-called "grant mission chiefly Christian, and where orderly stations" by the passing of the "Mis- conditions of life prevail, it is dying sion Stations and Communal Reserve out, while in the uncivilized, heathen Act, 1909," referred to in missionary districts, where the people live amid periodicals as the Mission Land Bill.* filthy surroundings and subsist on in- Tho this does not completely satisfy sufficiently cooked food, the disease is the missionaries, the act provides at spreading.

least a good legal basis for the settle- The hunger of the colored races for ment of long-disputed matters. education is decidedly on the increase.

A striking illustration of existing The project of a university for native racial prej udice was afforded on the students has not made much progress, occasion of an examination in con- but in British Bechuanaland two out nection with the University of Cape of the three tribes have introduced an Town which was held in the town education tax of two shillings per head, and have handed over their • For the text, see Christian Express, 1910, schools to the British officials that they p. 69 f. f.

YEAR 1910 IN MISSIONS

may organize a systematic plan of edu- In the fight against the liquor cation. In the Hermannsburg mis- traffic there is still a lack of definite sion in the Transvaal this question has purpose, tho some progress has been led to a most regrettable rupture and made. In German Southwest Africa secession, one of the missionaries the sale of spirituous liquors to the nabeing of opinion that the Directing tives is entirely forbidden. In Kam- Board was not sufficiently alive to the erun a decree was issued on October necessity of satisfying this native de- I, 1910, forbidding the importation of sire for education. The most con- spirits within certain zones, and the spicuous example of this craving for prohibition is gradually to be extended knowledge is seen in the Livingstonia over the whole colony, the trading Mission of the United Free Church of companies in South Kamerun having Scotland, where in 661 schools over declared themselves in favor of total 58,000 natives are being instructed by prohibition. In the British colony of 1,259 teachers. In connection with Southern Nigeria, however, the Comone station alone-that at Loudon- mittee of Inquiry on the Liquor Trade, there are no fewer than ISO schools in direct contradiction of evidence with 12,609 scholars. based on a great array of facts, has re- ported that the complaints as to the In Equatorial Africa a change is disastrous results of the liquor traffic being brought about by the rapid open- are greatly exaggerated, and the trade ing up of vast territories. The North itself is harmless. to South Railway from Windhoek to Keetmanshoop, in German Southwest Islam is still making rapid ad- Africa, the Manenguba Railway in vances. In the winter of 1909-10 Dr. Kamerun, and the continuation of the Karl Kumm, the founder of the Central Railway, from Kilossa to Sudan United Mission, undertook a Tabora, in German East Africa, are great journey of exploration across all making rapid progress. In the Equatorial Sudan from the Niger to Kongo State the construction of the the Upper Nile, paying special attenline from the Upper Kongo to the tion to the southward march of Islam. Great Lakes is being pushed forward He found, especially in the territory with feverish haste. This is, alas! also of the Senussi Order in Eastern the pretext for many an inhuman raid, Sudan, a fierce and fanatical propaand cruel oppression of thousands of ganda going on, which seeks to spread negroes. Mohammedanism by fire and sword. Throughout the whole region, too, a More interesting is the rapid ad- flourishing slave-trade is carried on, vance of the Cape-to-Cairo line. On with its headquarters around Lake December I I, 1909, the first passenger Chad and in Darfur. train crossed the Kongo frontier, and before the end of this year the line is Dr. Kumm also found many heathen to be carried as far as the Star of the tribes which have as yet stedfastly re- Kongo mine. Unhappily, this opening sisted the inroads of Islam, and he up of the Dark Continent also opens came to the conclusion that it is not the door to adverse influences, such yet too late to establish Christian misas disease, drink and Mohamme- sions in those vast, almost inaccessible danism. regions. But-it is high time that this

should be done. One ominous symp- In Madagascar the reign of terror tom is the fact that under the very of Augagneur, that violent opponent eyes of Christian missionaries whole of Protestant missions, has come to an tribes are going over to Islam. This end. The missionaries would have happened in the Ulanga district of welcomed the permanent appointment German East Africa in 1908, in the of his temporary successor, Henri case of the Sultan Kiwanga and his Cor, who was well-known from his tribe. In 1909 and 19IO those por- term of office in Tahiti as a severe yet tions of the wild and corrupt Yao just administrator, but the French tribe living around the southern end Government has now sent out Coun- of Lake Nyasa, from Kota Kota to cillor of State Picquee, and what his Fort Maguire went over almost in a rule will bring remains to be seen.

body to Mohammedanism. Unfortu- In the notoriously ill-governed ne- nately this tribe had been neglected gro republic of Liberia the United by the missionaries; they had only re- States of America have undertaken cently learned their language, and temporarily the administration of the work had been carried on among them finances, the army and the settlement spasmodically, and was insufficiently of disputed questions of frontier. It organized. The eyes even of non- seems that Liberia is about to become missionary circles are now being grad- an American dependency to the same ualIy opened to the dangers of the extent as Egypt is a British c1epen- Mohammedan propaganda, especially deney, tho for the present under since repeated efforts have been made strong protest on the part of the to incite the Mohammedan colonial colonial politicians of France and troops to rebellion against the Euro- Germany. Missionary enterprise peans. needs to be energetically advanced With regard to the Kongo State among. the heathen tribes in the hinter- there is not much to be said. The Bel- land of Liberia, which are strongly gian Government and the new king menaced by Islam.

are not lacking in promises of radical With intense interest we follow the reforms, but as yet there is not much efforts now being made toward a improvement. Even the conces- union of the Protestant churches of sionaire companies are still allowed to South Africa. At a conference held carryon their system of oppression. at Kimberley on March 12, 1910, the One bright spot is the action taken by Presbyterians, Congregationalists aqd the Protestant churches of Belgium Baptists were able to agree upon the in forming a missionary society for the plan of a common church constitution, Kongo State. Like the Paris mission and at a general synod, to be held in in Madagascar, they wish to defend October, I9I2, at Cape Town, they in- the Protestant mission from the charge tend to form themselves into the· of representing anti-Belgian interests, United Church of South Africa. The tho, on the other hand, the Belgian Wesleyans are for the present holding churches are far too weak and dis- aloof from the union from considera- united to think of replacing the Brit- tions connected with the home church ish, American and Swedish mission- in England. The significance of this aries by Belgians. movement lies in the fact that it is a

YEAR 1910 IN MISSIONS

link in a whole chain of similar efforts. the lives of the Europeans, with the The Free Church Council of England most violent measures, such as bombs. and the Federal Council of Churches A pamphlet was found containing the in America have for their object not words: so much organic union as sympathetic cooperation. The negotiations in the Do not allow yourselves to be deceived dil ection of reunion between the two by the friendly advances of the English national churches of Scotland have not Government. Sacrifice pure, white blood, yet passed the stage of academic dis- cussion and the suggestion of plans. when your God calls you, on the altar of The churches of New Zealand seem to have made comparatively the great- liberty. White men, women and children est progress in the direction of re- -murder them all without distinction, union.* and you will be committing no sin.

In British East Africa interesting Even in the remote hill country of negotiations have been going on at J eypur in the Eastern Ghats a wide- Nairobi, where representatives of all spread Swadeshi agitation resulted in the societies laboring in that district, attempts at rebellion. from the Anglicans to the Quakers, 'have agreed upon a common liturgy The Anglo-Indian Government is and confession of faith, the Quakers seeking to satisfy the legitimate naaccepting the two sacraments and the tional desires of the natives by giving Presbyterians the bishop. It remains them a larger share in the administrato be seen whether a really workable tion of the country. On January 25, church organization can be attained the new vice-regal Legislative High Court of Justice was opened at Calon this basis.t cutta. The provincial councils, too, have been strengthened, in part by India, Burma and Ceylon Christians. In the Madras Presidency, to the great gratification of the Chris- India is still in a state of ferment. tians, one Roman Catholic and one In Assam (Eastern Bengal) a wide- Protestant were appointed to serve spread conspiracy was discovered, on the Provincial Council. threatening not only the dominion, but The attempts by the Mohammedans * It is, perhaps, easier on the mission field to of Northern India to form a united attempt such organic union with other denomina- central association for the representations than it is in the home churches, where di- tion of the interests of Islam through- vergences of view have taken deeper root. The out the world deserve serious attenunion of Congregational and Presbyterian native tion. This association was founded at churches in Southern India under the name of the Delhi under the name of Nedwet ul United Church of South Indja has been SUccess- Ulema, and has for its aim the publicafully accomplished, and their first General Synod tion of (I) a "correct" translation of was held this year at Trivandrum. The mutual the Koran. i.e., one that suits their understanding existing between the various mis- own purposes, and (2) apologetic sions in western China is a p1easing instance of writings in defense of Islam against missionary comity, and is expected to result in the the false doctrines (!) circulated in organic union of the native churches there. Europe. Besides this, an extensive propaganda is to be carried on in the. t A similar conference bas been lrdd at Yaba:l- interests of Islam. pur, in Central India, between representatives of The question of higher education Presbyterians, Methodists, Congregationalists and other Free churches. Here, however, the conclusion reached was that actual union of the churches it not yet feasible, but it was agreed to aim at federation on the basis of a common Confession of Faith.

occupies a prominent place. For local government of the tributary State of reasons Ceylon and Burma wish to Mysore made a curious attempt to inhave their own universities. The Mo- troduce such instruction officially. In hammedans of India are also planning the lower classes extracts from popa university supported by private ular sacred books of the Hindus, and means. The party of the Neo-Hindus, in the upper classes Mrs. Besant's the adherents of Mrs. Besant, have Hindu catechisms, Sanatana Dharma already presented a petition for the es- (in a Kanarese translation), are to be tablishment of a religious university studied. The official reports of this at Benares, with which only colleges singular method of teaching are not of pronounced religious character are very encouraging, but it has only reto be affiliated, and in which all re- cently been introduced. ligions, including Christianity, are to have equal rights. The scheme is In Christian circles legislation with Utopian. The Christians, on their regard to divorce is again being eagerpart, have carried into effect a project ly discust, and memorials relating to that has been much discust for years it have been presented. As Dr. Rallin past by founding, on October I, at Ram, of Amsitsar, has pointed out, Serampore, a faculty of scientific the present laws are adapted to Eurotheology, which is to be the nucleus of peans and Eurasians, but not to native a lecturing, as well as examining, uni- Christians. The latter are subjected versity. A similar undertaking, which to great legal insecurities and severhas aroused much interest in the mis- ities. For example, is a Christian who sionary world of India, has been car- was married long before his baptism, ried out at Bangalore, in Southern bound by the rules of Christian mat- India, where seven missionary so- rimony? Missionaries are now colcieties united in opening, on July 8, a lecting materials for the preparation higher theological college for the more of a bill bearing on these matters. The thorough and systematic training of legal disqualifications of the Chrisnative ministers. tians are at present ~elt most keenly in Mysore. There a convert to Chris- While rejoicing over the truly tianity is practically under a ban; his Christian spirit of broad-mindedness right of inheritance is very doubtful, and mutual understanding underlying and even his paternal rights over his this project, one can not but regard it own children are not secured. Last with some misgivings; for, since it is year a Government commission was the future native ministers who will appointed in Mysore to i~vestigate the be called upon to hand down the tra- legal status of the Christians and to ditions cherished by each of the dif- propose alterations of the law. But ferent missionary societies, the various when their work was done, and they bodies will naturally be anxious that wished to present their report to the they should become deeply imbued Council of State, their proposals were with what they look upon as the pe- not even permitted to be read through, culiar talent entrusted to them. much less discust.

The question of compulsory re- Quite a number of deaths have ocligious instruction is again causing curred which deserve mention. In the much discussion in India. In 1908 the Punjab the adventurer Mirza Gulam

YEAR 1910 IN MISSIONS

Achmed, of Quadian, was carried off State recognition of the more ad- by cholera. He died, as he had lived, vanced mission schools, and on the a convicted swindler. He had prophe- other by forming plans for a private sied that the cholera would not visit Christian university on the lines of the his village-and he himself became Waseda University in Tokyo.

one of its first victims. In Korea the mighty revival move- On May 3, Ferdinand Hahn, a mis- ment is still progressing. The Korean sionary of the Gossner Society, de- Christians display praiseworthy eager- parted unexpectedly at Mussooree. ness to make known the gospel to their He was one of the most capable Ger- heathen neighbors. It is to be hoped man missionaries in India, having a that the annexation by Japan, in thorough knowledge of the Uraon dia- August, 1910, will not in any way lect, and had had the Kaisar-i-Hind hinder the triumphant progress of Order of the first class conferred on Christianity. In Japan the Govern- him by the British Government. The ment has for decades past maintained former principal of the Duff College an exemplary attitude of neutrality in in Calcutta, Dr. Tomary, died in April religious matters. Let us hope that it at his Scottish home. He had, in 1908, will not allow itself to be influenced in accomplished the affiliation of Duff Korea by those who, on the one hand, College with the General Assembly In- accuse the foreign missionaries of stitution of the Established Church of trying to influence the Koreans against Scotland under the name of the Scot- Japan, and, on the other, seek to use tish Churches College. It was ex- the missionaries as tools for the propa- pected that he would become rector of gation of Japanese influences. Strange- this great united university. ly enough, a kind of national move- Southern India sustained an equally ment has been started in Korea to op- heavy loss by the death, on February pose the advance of Christianity. A 18, of Dr. William Howard Campbell. Korean named Lainsa has founded a He had been connected with the L. M. sect or association calling themselves S. mission in Telugu, and had worked adherents of Tanguffur, the mythical successively at the three chief stations founder of the Korean Empire, whose of CUddapah, J ammalamadugu and object seems to be to transplant Shin- Guti. A man of keen and brilliant in- toist ideas to Korea.

tellect, he had also distinguished him- In China there is the usual mixture self as a writer, and was looked upon of reform and reaction. During 1909 as the future principal of the new four hundred and eighty new post- theological college at Bangalore. offices were established, two new rail- Japan, Korea and China ways were constructed and opened for traffic, and several commissions were Japan, since the jubilee celebrations sent to Europe to study questions of on October 5-10, 1909, has enjoyed a political economy and administration.

period of quiet development, during One striking symptom of the new era which Christianity has made normal is the great national exhibition at progress. In the department of edu- Nanking, after the pattern of our in- cation far-reaching efforts are being ternational exhibitions. It is intended made on the one hand by seeking to be a great demonstration to the non-

Chinese world of all-that Chinese cul- schools. The mission schools are exture has already produced, and an ob- cluded from this privilege, altho many ject-lesson to the Chinese themselves of them are far more advanced than in the many things they have stilI to those of the Government. This is a learn from the West. The mission- public slight put upon the Christians, ary societies intend to make use of the and they feel it keenly. It is, however, opportunity to inaugurate a great only one more proof of the determinaevangelistic effort among the vast con- tion underlying all the educational course of people visiting the exhibi- measures of the Government to build tion, and have secured a building close up the new culture of China in the to the exhibition grounds as their spirit of Confucius, and to give it a headquarters_ On the other hand, the specifically Confucian impress. attitude of the Regent, Prince Chun, and of the manchus in the central While thus the tendency in Governgovernment of Peking is doubtful, if ment circles is, on the whole, toward not openly reactionary, and there is a reform, the evil forces of reaction are great want of unanimity between the in some places asserting their power different provincial authorities and the among the masses of the people to an central government_ alarming degree. Vast tracts of the country have been visited by drought A comparatively trifling incident and famine, and the greed of the will serve to show what a devious Chinese merchants has, as usual, made course is being steered_ The Prince these calamities a pretext for an Regent had abolished, by an official de- enormous rise in the price of procree, the superstitious practises ob- VISIOns. This excited the starving served at eclipses of the sun and populace to fury, and caused dismoon; yet, when an eclipse actually turbances in many parts of the emoccurred, on November 27, 1909, he pIre. Riots broke out in Hu-Nan at allowed all the old practises to be car- the capital, Chang-sha, and in Yuanried out as usuaL It is the same with chow and other towns of that provthe liberal and modern mandarins; ince, where popular feeling is hostile when drought and famine excite the to foreigners, and much"mission proppeople to uproar they prefer, notwith- erty was destroyed. Happily no lives standing all their enlightenment, to were sacrificed, at least among the permit and even take part in idol pro- Protestant Christians. With the help cessions and all the rest of the super- of a flotilla of English, German, Japstitious humbug, for fear of being anese and other foreign gunboats the lynched by the people. Government quickly succeeded in quelling the disturbances_ In the The opening, on October 15, 1909, province of Kan-Su, where there was of the provincial diets, the first step also great distress, the missionaries toward an Imperial Parliament, gained the confidence of the people by marked an important advance in the distributing quantities of food and progress of reform. All are entitled seed. to vote who have an income of 12,000 taels, who possess an academical de- In China, as well as in other Asiatic gree of the old style or have passed countries, secondary education occuthrough the higher Government pied the chief place of interest from

YEAR 1910 IN

a missionary point of view. The de- for India assured the British Parliavelopment of the great Union univer- ment that the Anglo-Indian Governsities at Peking and in the province ment could not shorten the period of of Shan-Tung has been vigorously ten years agreed upon between India prest forward, the Union University and China for the gradual cessation at Cheng-tu-fu, the capital of Sz- of the importation of opium, because Chuan, is making good progress, "such a measure would put too heavy while the Christian college outside the a strain on Indian finances, would gates of Canton has been opened. cause disturbances among the tax- The project of a great central univer- payers and opium-growers, and would sity at Wu-chang, in the very heart of be a source of trouble between the China, originated by Lord William Indian Government and the tributary Cecil, son of Lord Salisbury, is being States." In spite of this, however, zealously pushed forward. The year England, as well as all the other civil- 19IO, however, has not seen any very ized countries and China, has agreed decisive events in this department. to the proposal of President Taft to hold another International Opium The agitation against the importa- Conference in 191 I. tion and consumption of opium has been carried on with undiminished Among the missionaries who have vigor. Authentic reports from all been removed by death during 1910, parts of the empire show that the cul- mention must be made of Rev. Hamptivation of the poppy has been either den C. Du Bose, D.D., in Su-chau, a greatly curtailed or altogether pro- man who for nearly four decades carhibited. Knowing that they have a ried on work at that station of the great preponderance of public opinion Southern Presbyterians, and was well on their side, the mandarins in many known, not only for his literary work, cases proceed with severity against the but also on account of his unwearying opium-growers. It is computed that agitation against the opium traffic. during the three years 1907-I9IO, half During the Edinburgh Congress there a million opium dens have been closed, died at Edinburgh itself the English two-thirds of the land formerly under Presbyterian missionary, Dr. Macpoppy cultivation have been planted Ivor, of Wu-king-fu, the champion of with other products, and the ranks of the society's Hakka mission, who won the younger officials, at least, have special distinction by the publication of been cleansed of opium-smokers. a dictionary of Hakka language, 1,200 Some foreign houses of business, to pages strong. their shame be it said, place difficulties in the way of the Chinese in the A year is a small period in considerclosing of the opium dens and others ing world-embracing movements which have introduced cigarets to take the exercise so vast an influence on the place of opium. One English firm national life of many countries. Yet actually succeeded, with the help of a review of the principal events of the British consul, in securing the re- even so brief a span of time awakens opening of already closed opium the inspiring conviction: Ve:cilla regis shops. The Under Secretary of State prodeunt. We are living in a de- cisive missionary age.

PROGRESS OF RELIGION IN THE UNITED

INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES CENSUS REPORT ON RELIGIOUS BODIES (See Table of Statistics.) BY REV. EDWIN MUNSELL BLISS, D.D., WASHINGTON, D.C.

The first amendment to the Consti- religion in the United States, as in- tution of the United States says "Con- dicated by the different features of gress shall make no law respecting the this report, involves four factors: establishment of religion or prohibit- ( 1) The membership of the religious ing the free exercise thereof." An organizations, its numbers and type; official inquiry of any person as to his (2) the strength of the organizations religion has been held to involve a as illustrated by the character and possible abridgment of that "free ex- value of their property; (3) the pubercise," and the official enumeration lic relation sustained by the organizaand classification of individuals ac- tions as indicated by their activities; cording to their religious belief has (4) the mutual relations of the difthus been considered unconstitutional. ferent bodies. The conviction, however, that there should be some record of the church Church Membership organizations which are so important a factor in national life led, in the The total number of members recensuses of 1850 and 1860, to reports ported in 1890 for continental United as to the number of church edifices, States, exclusive of Alaska, was their accommodations and financial 20,597,954; for 1906 it was 32,936,- value. In 1870 the number of church organizations was also given, and in 445; an increase of 60.4 per cent. 1890 (there was no report in 1880) the number of ministers and of mem- Comparing these figures with those bers. The number of members was of the popUlation of the same area obtained from reports by church according to the census of 1890, and officers, not by an enumeration of the an estimate for 1906, it appears that individuals by representatives of the in r890 the mem~ership of religious organizations was 32.7 per cent of Government. * the total population, and in 1906 it was 39.1 per cent, an increase of 6-4 An inquiry as to the progress of per cent.

* When the plans for the Census of 1906 were Merely as figures, however, these are of comparatively little value. formed. Mr. William C. Hunt. the Chief Statisti. Their significance appears in an cian in charge, had the assistance of the Rev. Cas· analysis of them. In the first place, slus E. Wright, D.D., in the preparation of the the term membership needs definition. schedule. and to the items presented in 1890 were As used in the tables it includes those added: sex of members; sala.ries of ministet's; persons entitled to partake of the debt on church property; number and value of sacrament of the Lord's Supper in parsonages; languages used in church services; date Christian churches, and all enrolled of establishment of local organizations, and Sun- members in other organizations. day·schools. In addition to the statistics the reo Considerable divergence of usage ocport for 1890 included a textual statement of the casioned difficulty in instituting comhistory, doctrine and polity of the separate de- parisons. The Roman Catholic, Eastnominations. In the report for 1906, these are ern Orthodox and Armenian Churches amplified somewhat and a section added, descrip- consider all baptized persons, inc1utive of the work, or general evangelistic, educational and philanthropic activities of the denominations. In view of this enlarged scope, it was styled Report on Religious Bodies, rather than Statistics of Churches. ding infants, as members. So also meration of the Jews unsatisfactory, practically does the Mormon Church. but from a large number of organiza- Among the Jews only heads of fam- tions, nearly 40 per cent of the total, ihes, usually the males, are accounted no report at all of membership was as members of the synagog. In the received, and there was no intimation Protestant bodies comparatively few even of an estimate. _So far as genunder the age of fifteen are reported eral comparison is concerned, thereas members. In order to make the fore, they may be eliminated. The returns for these various bodies some- other non-Protestant bodies, except what comparable, fifteen per cent was the Roman Catholic Church, however deducted from the figures reported interesting and valuable for special by the Roman Catholic churches, to study, are too small proportionately cover those under nine years of age, to enter into a general survey, and the time at which the first communion the Protestant bodies as a whole, and is generally taken; the Mormon the Roman Catholic Church, remain Church specifically excluded all un- as the most prominent and significant der eight years of age; the Eastern factors in American church life. Orthodox and Armenian Churches were not taken into account because The Protestant bodies report a of the proportionately small number total membership of 20,287,742, a of families and the great preponder- little more than the entire membership ance of adult males. The result is not for 1890, and marking an increase of altogether satisfactory, but probably 44.8 per celll. The Roman Catholic as nearly so as is possible. It is suf- Church reports 12,079,142, an increase ficiently accurate for present pur- of 93.5 per cent. Similarly, of the poses. 6.4 per cent increase in proportion to population the Protestant bodies have It is also to be kept in mind that the as their share 1.8 per cent, and the different bodies vary greatly in char- Roman Catholic Church 44 per cent. acter. In general they have been During the same period and for the classed in the report as Protestant and corresponding area the increase in non-Protestant. The former include general population was 33.9 per cent, those bodies identified more or less so that the Protestant bodies gained closely in history and general charac- in proportion to the population, but ter with the Protestant Reformation. not to the same degree as the Roman The latter are subdivided into the Catholic Church. Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Jewish con- In order to judge accurately as to gregations, the Latter-day Saints, and the significance of these increases, it a fifth class, embracing the Armenian will be well to examine more minutely and Polish National Churches, the some items in regard to the Protestant Bahais, Buddhists, Communistic so- bodies. The highest percentages of cieties, Spiritualists, Society for increase are reported by the Church Ethical Culture, Theosophists and of Christ Scientist, 882.5 per cent, and Vedantists. The statistics for all ex- the Independent churches, 451.4 per cept the Jews are reasonably com- cent. As the former has practically plete. Not only is the basis of enu- come into existence during the period under review, the rate is not so sig-

nificant, and the latter represents an crease in church membership are the interesting fact, but of minor im- New England States, Pennsylvania, portance, as many churches classed and such States as Michigan, Wiscon- in 1890 with denominations are in sin, Nebraska and California. These 1906 placed under this head. Leaving are also the States where the immi- aside these two, the denominations grant population is the largest, and in showing the highest rate of increase them the bodies most affected by are The Seventh-day Adventists, immigration, the Roman Catholic II4.6 per: cent; the Disciples (both Church and the Lutheran Synods, bodies), 78.2 per cent; the Lutherans, show corresponding increase. The 71.6 per cent; the Protestant Epis- same thing is true of the cities, tho copal Church, 66.7 per cent. On the the comparatively meager records for other hand, the Unitarians show but cities in 1890 make comparison with 4.1 per cent increase, and the Friends that census difficult. As indicative of 6. I per cent. Among the other bodies the distribution of the immigrant ele- the Northern Baptists show 3i.s per ment among the churches, it is inter- cent gain; the Southern Baptists, 57 esting to note that of the 186 denom- per cent; the Congregationalists, 36.6 inations 72 report no language except per cent; the Northern Presbyterians, English used in church services, an 49.7 per cent, and the Southern almost sure indication that they have Church about the same; the Methodist no immigrant membership. In the Episcopal Church, 33.2 per cent, tho Roman Catholic Church, nearly 40 the general average for all Methodist per cent of the congregations use bodies is lowered by the fact that the some foreign language other than returns for the African Methodist Latin, not always exclusively, but in Episcopal Zion Church in 1890 were some part of the service; in the evidently exaggerated. Lutheran churches the proportion is The list might be enlarged, but in much larger, 77.2 per cent; while in general certain facts appear evident. the German Evangelical Synod, the With the exception of the Seventh- Armenian, Buddhist and other bodies, day Adventists and Disciples, the the foreign language is the only one largest increase has been in those used. In some of the churches, as the bodies affected most by the immigra- Baptist, Congregational, Presbyterian tion of the past period. Among the and others, about 10 per cent report Lutheran bodies, while all have a foreign language, but it seems to in- grown, those which have grown the dicate missionary work for immi- most are those which have received grants rather than an adaptation to the largest accessions of this type. the necessities of their membership.

To this also is unquestionably due the Without going further into detail, high percentage in the Roman Cath- certain conclusions are evident. The olic Church. The same thing is evi- Christian churches of the country dent when it comes to noting the have not only held their own, but have growth of membership in the different gained in proportion to the total popu- sections of the country and in the lation of the country. That gain, cities. however, is due principally, if not en- The States showing the largest in- tirely, to the fact that the greater part

i911 ] THE PROGRESS OF RELIGION IN THE UNITED STATES

of the immigration has been of a type ganization has advanced from 124 to identified with some form of religious 157, and that the number of church life, and has been immediately 111- edifices has increased 35.3 per cent cluded as a church asset. faster than the organizations, due A word should be said as to the partly to the substitution of regular non-church-member population. As church edifices for the halls, which the membership of the various re- were largely reported in 1890. It is ligious bodies represents 39.1 per in the value of these edifices, however, cent of the total population, it follows that the increased strength of the that 60.9 per cent of that population various denominations is manifested are not members. It has not infre- most clearly, so far as that can be quently been assumed that these were .measured by such standards. And at least non-religious. In fact, they here we are able with some degree of include six classes: ( I) Practically satisfaction to trace the progress all children in Protestant bodies under through the earlier censuses. The re- fifteen years of age; (2) all children ports were as follows: In 1850, $87,- in Roman Catholic churches under 328,801; 1860, $171,397,932, increase nine years of age; (3) all Mormon 96.2 per cent; 1870, $354,483,581, in- children under eight years of age; (4) crease 106.8 per cent; 1890, $679,- all adults and members of Jewish 426,489, increase 91.6 per cent; 1906, families aside from the heads of fam- $1,257,575,867, increase 85 per cent.

ilies; (5) the members of 1,812 Averages are somewhat unsatis- church organizations which made no factory, owing to varying interpreta- report as to membership; (6) the tions of the term "church edifices,"

large number of persons identified but the average for 1906, $6,756, as with church life, attendant upon its compared with $4,768 for 1890, on services, contributing to its support essentially the same basis, indicates and its activities, but not enrolled in the more substantial char:tcter of the its membership. There is no suffi- buildings. Among the averages re- cient basis for an estimate of the ported by different bodies are: Uni- figures for these classes, but they tarians, $35,131; Jews, $31,056; should be kept in mind in any con- Roman Catholics, $28,431; Christian sideration of this phase of the situa- Scientists, $21,96r; Protestant Epis- tion. copal Church, $20,644. Other inter- Church Organizations and Property esting items illustrating the strength The strength of the religious bodies of the churches are those in regard to as indicated by the number and size debt on church property and the of their organizations and the charac- number and value of parsonages and ter and value of their property. manses. Only 33,617 organizations, The number of local church organ- or 18.1 per cent of the total, reported izations reported in 1906 is 212,230, any debt. The total amount was an increase of 28.5 per cent over 1890, $ro8,o50,946, an average of $3,214 per as against an increase of 60.4 per cent organization reporting. The highest in membership. That they have averages belong to the Roman Cath- gained in strength is seen in the facts olic Church, $r2,058 ; Jewish congre- that the average membership per or- gations, $IO, I48 ; Eastern Orthodox

Churches (Russian and Greek), in the interests of a metropolitan $5,012. A little more than one- daily, but after some months of effort, quarter, 54,214, of the local organiza- found the situation so confused, and tions report parsonages valued at there was such apathy on the part of $143,495,853, an average of $2,647. the officials of the different societies, The Methodist Episcopal Church is that he gave it up. It was, therefore, most liberal in numbers, reporting with special interest that he found the 12,215, but the Roman Catholic effort to accomplish this purpose in- Church supplies the most elaborate, augurated by the Bureau of the Cen- costing on an average $5,708. To sus. With the support of the Gov- what degree these represent what are ernment, and the assistance of a now known as parish houses it is diffi- sufficient clerical force, a measure of cult to say, but in all probability most order has been secured, and the fig- of those reported by the Roman Cath- ures presented in the report, tho olic and Eastern Orthodox churches recognized as not complete, are suffi- are of that type. ciently so to give a fair conception of In regard to these figures, it must the work of the churches for those be noted that they are not complete, outside of their own communities.

and represent less than the truth. A A review of the general situation considerable number of organizations will assist in the interpretation of the made no report at all of certain items. statistics. Three spe~ial difficulties Thus 26,og8 organizations made no are mentioned in the report: different report as to the value of their church forms of organization for work; property. Among them were some diverse methods of financial state- that own no property, as most of the ment; and especially, incomplete re- Plymouth Brethren and Non-sectarian turns.

Churches of Bible Faith; a large pro- In most of the larger bodies, Bap- portion of'the Jewish synagogs, and tist, Congregational, Methodist, and many of the colored churches, espe- Presbyterian, and in some smaller de- cially in the South. All averages and nominations, the different depart- percentages are based on the numbers ments of work are under the care of actually reported, and in each case, distinct societies. Thus, there is one both the total number of organizations society for home missions emphasizing in each denomination, and the number general evangelism; another for the reporting any particular item, are erection of church buildings and par- stated. Making all allowances thus, it sonages; another for work among is evident that the material strength of negroes, Indians and immigrants; the churches has kept pace with the another for Sunday-school and pub- general development of the country. lication work; another for foreign Church Activities missions, besides a considerable num- ber of minor societies for special ob- For many years there has been an j ects. In the Protestant Episcopal increasing desire to secure as complete Church a single general society nom- a presentation of the home work of inally covers the whole field, but the the churches as of the foreign work. dioceses often carryon a practically The writer once undertook the task independent work. In the smaller

CONTRIBUTIONS OF RELIGIOUS BODIES IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1906, FOR DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN

CONTRIBUTIONS FOR DOMESTIC WORK Total Amount Per cent of Average For Missions Commll1ticants Total Amount for Per cent of Amount per Member or Amount Foreign Work Total Amount Home and Contributed Foreign Members Dam. Foreign I I I Total I I I , , , , Amount For Home For PhilaFntohrropy for Missions Dom. Foreign Prlissions Education Home Foreign Work Worll All denominations reporting………….. 19,918,048 $47,420,546 $38,675,919 $12,762,271 $17,665,445 $8,248,203 $8,744,627 81.6 18.4 $21,506,898 59.3 40.7 $1.72 $ .4$ 19,500,572 42,437,733 Protestant bodies ………………….. 33,781,752 12,616,210 17,337,265 3,828,277 8,655,981 79.6 20.4 21,272,191 59.3 40.7 1.73 .44 Seventh·day Adventists ……………… 62,211 532,255 265,599 161,099 20,000 84,500 266,656 49.9 50.1 427,755 37.7 62.3 4.26 4.28 Other Adventists (2 bodies) ………… 27,308 43,320 10,338 1,934 8,404 32,982 23.9 76.1 34,916 5.5 94.5 .37 1.20 ……. Northern Baptist Convention …………. 1,052,105 12,548,532 11,732,896 1,811,799 9,921,097 815,636 93.5 6.5 2,627,435 69.0 31.0 11.16 .77 Southern Baptist Convention …………. 1 2,009,471 1,622,650 1,218,839 251,984 725,900 … ~ … 403,811 75.1 24.9 655,795 ~.4 61.6 National Baptist (Colored) Convention ..• 2,261,607 17,628 80,000 83.9 16.1 36,355 48.4 51.6 .51 .20 116,355 97,628 80,000 5,202 240,955 18,727 70.9 19.1 13,400 59.7 40.3 Seventh·day Baptists ……………….. 8,381 18,602 13,202 55,990 6,770 5,400 50.0 50.0 118,572 47.2 52.8 .04 .01 81,359 62,760 …………… 62,582 Free Baptists … , ………………….. 125,342 10,000 5,000 51.9 48.1 1.57 .64 15,000 7,000 14,550 ……. 13,879 81.1 18.9 Christian Connection ………………. 21,550 5,000 95.0 5.0 .77 .76 18,995 17,462 475 ………….. 1,000 43.7 46.3 Churches of God (Winebrennerian) ……. 110,117 28,879 1,034,154 969,789 64,365 79.5 20.5 23,879 41.8 58.2 .14 .12 Churches of the New Jerusalem (2) …..•• 26,550 1,735,456 641,456 1,044,000 1,058 891,979 64.4 35.6 12,000 58.3 41.7 Congregationalists ………………….. 24,356 ! 19,995 127,106 79,606 446,353 85.5 14.5 18,462 94.5 5.5 .86 .20 7,247 1,926,133 413,965 23,500 61,366 ……. 43.4 56.6 1,861,768 52.1 47.9 Disciples of Christ ………………… 700,480 2,181,809 75,000 317,842 1,000 70,051 85.6 14.4 1,087,809 59.0 41.0 2.62 .13 982,701 197,157 173,327 14,000 44,457 50,000 70,250 93,551 25.0 75.0 Dunkers (2 bodies) ……….•……•.••• 93,589 484,215 27,000 24,000 97,500 81.4 18.6 388,092 81.9 18.1 1.47 1.27 Evangelical bodies (2) ………•……… 174,780 172,500 319,546 51,666 34,757 29,067 89.3 10.7 111,500 12.5 87.5 Friends (3 bodies) ………………….. 113,601 202,394 328,255 168,380 171,650 60,000 97.8 2.2 56,067 48.2 51.8 1.76 .45 German Evangelical Synod…………… 293,137 635,726 147,647 158,000 101,870 73,172 83.6 16.4 530,019 137,726 270,559 39,245 89.6 10.4 1.35 .74 Lutherans ………………………… 103,195 22,000 99,500 14,021 84.7 15.3 General Synod ………………….. 57,000 25,000 21,481 8,958 103,756 90.9 9.1 2.36 .40 General Council …………………. 54,108 97.3 2.7 Synodical Conference …………….. 22,329 15,082 12,271 340,000 6,600 94.1 5.9 .66 .86 20,800 5,058 17,500 156,265 9,721 Norwegian Synods (6) …………….. 144,337 3,300 101,545 2,218 .59 .09 24,667 10,000 Ohio Synod …………………….. 270,221 392,718 17,545 579 241,552 69.7 30.3 1.18 .26 Iowa Synod …………………….. 462,177 367,500 7,904 648,529 649,747 .5..,0.0..0 I 186,892 79.0 21.0 .71 .08 Danish Synods (2) ……………..•… 354,430 633,775 90.8 9.2 Finnish Synods (2) ……..•………• 123,408 18,125 151,747 .98 .02 Other Synods (6) …………………. 110,254 63,600 28,881 63,829 206,951 50.0 50.0 1.49 .29 23,018 24,547 21,379 31,600 79.0 21.0 .46 .05 70,530 152,241 24,803 60.8 39.2 .49 .09 7,276 69.5 30.5 .77 .07 3,879 85.0 15.0 .90 .02 32,571 75.7 24.3 2.04 .11 Mennonite bodies (4) ……………….. 40,776 153,478 86,290 41,807 22,000 22,483 67,188 56.2 43.8 108,995 38.4 61.6 2.11 1.64 Methodist Episcopal Church …………. 2,986,154 5,580,421 4,277,723 2,413,286 1,008,066 856,371 1,302,698 76.7 23.3 3,715,984 64.9 35.1 1.43 .43 1,638480 2,214,316 1,447,689 432,454 690,235 325,000 766,627 65.4 34.6 1,199,081 36.1 63.9 Methodist Epi":'opal Church, South ……. 15,600 45,874 28,606 68.7 31.3 35.2 64.8 .88 .46 Methodist l'rotestant Church …………. 178,544 91,580 62,974 4,127 24,815 1,500 10,061 74.2 25.8 44,206 29.0 71.0 Wesleyan Methodist Church………….. 20,043 39,003 28,942 4,416 1,500 800 88.0 12.0 14,188 84.6 15.4 .35 .16 Primitive Methodist Church ………..•.. 15,000 28,438 ……. 56,285 53.0 47.0 21.4 78.6 Free Methodist Church ………………. 7,558 6,716 5,916 79,020 220,500 ……. 12,750 95.9 4.1 5,216 86.1 13.9 1.44 .50 African Methodist Churches (4) ………. 32,838 119,954 63,669 71,285 856,662 312,270 299,520 20,231 91,770 .78 .10 ……. 1.93 1.7.

.35 .01 Moravians (2 bodies) ……………….. 17,926 57,035 32,528 22,550 3,378 6,600 24,507 57.0 43.0 47,057 47.9 52.1 1.81 1.37 Presbyterians in U. S. A…………….. 1,179,566 4,245,287 3,062,771 2,215,188 847,583 ……. 1,182,516 72.1 27.9 3,397,704 65.2 34.8 2.59 1.00 Presbyterians in "U. S……………….. 266,345 1,214,438 948,120 232,757 632,000 266,318 78.1 21.9 499,075 46.6 53.4 United Presbyterians ………..•…..•.• 130,342 443,865 325,050 83,363 366,164 54.8 45.2 691,214 47.0 53.0 3.56 1.00 195,770 810,029 101,952 83,597 51,476 67,339 72,121 58.5 41.5 155,718 53.6 46.4 Cumberland Presbyterians …………… 9,122 174,073 53,211 37,896 15,000 3,355 20,965 71.5 28.5 58,861 64.3 35.7 3.41 2.81 49,393 21,472 18,972 10,398 33,620 38.9 62.1 52,592 36.0 64.0 Reformed Presbyterian Synod ………..•• 74,176 2,500 …4.,9..1.7 .89 .37 Other Presbytei'ian bodies (6) ………… 886,942 55,092 2,665,133 1,068,155 549,070 82.9 17.1 1,617,225 66.0 34.0 442,142 1,154,836 5.83 2.30 Protestant Epmcopal Church …………. 3,214,203 .43 .61 3.01 .62 Reformed Church in America………..•• 124,938 349,691 169,824 115,085 54,739 …….. 179,867 48.5 51.5 294,952 38.9 61.1 1.36 t.44 Reformed Church in U. S ……………. 292,654 299,199 203,099 110,000 93,099 ……. 96,100 206,100 Christian Reformed Church ..•……••..•..• 129,661 129,661 104,661 67.8 32.2 53.3 46.7 .69 ..3. 3, 26,669 185,000 185,000 24,000 1,000 ……. 24,000 4.86 Unitarians …………………. ………. 70,542 323,377 238,671 185,000 ……. ……. … 100.0 …. 185,000 …. 100.0 2.63 .. . 296,050 109,558 ……. 194,264 . 100.0 … United Brethren in Christ (2 bodies) ….•• 119,113 84,706 . 100.0 .80 .29 10,000 56.4 43.6 73.8 26.2 Universalists ………………………. 64,158 73,821 65,321 65,321 ……. . …… 8,500 88.4 13.6 73,821 88.4 11.6 1.02 .13 38,822 98,889 60,466 30,833 38,423 61.1 38.9 69,256 44.5 55.5 1.55 1.00 Other Protestant bodies (10) ..•••..•••••• 10,884 18,749 3,165 3,861 3,861 3,861 ………………… 100.0 …. 3,861 100.0 …. 1.22 ………. Buddhists, Japanese ………………… 19,111 2,000 2,000 ……. ……. …….. . ….. …….. …. .10 4,419,563 4,419,563 , -,' …… ……. 88,646 100.0 …… …. Russian Church …………………… …… 482,435 . 393,789 ……. 2,000 100.0 … 70,454 70,454 115,391 4,304,172 ……. Jewish Congregations ……………….. 256,647 4,500 4,500 137,000 174,789 ……. 81.6 18.4 225,646 60.7 39.3 1.53 ..3..4 Latter·day Saints (2 bodies) •••••••.••.••• 2,040 700 82,000 700 34.53 Society for Ethical Culture ..•…..•.••.• .3..8.,0..0.0 100.0 …. …. 100.0 35,056 , 4,500 .3.1..,7.5..4 100.0 …. 4,500 …. 100.0 .12 Spiritualists ……………………….. I NOTE-The figures for the Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A., and for the Cumberland Presbyterian Church are for the year preceding the Act of Union. The number of Jewish members IS not given, as, for the purposes of this table it is misleading, and in making up the average of conllributions per member for the Department of Domestic Work, the Jewish contributions are excluded. The figures for the Moravian churches are practically for the Unitas Fratrum alone, as both the membership and c~)Otributions of the Evangelical Union of Bohemian and Moravian Brethren are very small. bodies the organization is more simple, In very few cases were all the ques- and in some there is none at all, the tions answered, and frequently such individual churches contributing as figures as were given were incomplete.

they choose. In the Roman Catholic Schools were mentioned, but no hint Church the religious orders carry on given as to their grade, no pupils were the work on mutually independent reported and no value of property, or lines. if the last was stated there was no in- The methods of work and terms dication as to what the item covered.

used to describe them are almost as Sometimes correspondence elicited the diverse as the forms of organization. desired information, but frequently it Missionaries include both sexes and was evident that the authorities in the all grades, from colporteurs to bishops; denominations, tho cordial and ready a mission is an ecclesiastical body, a to respond, were themselves not posted district, a building, or a revival; as to the facts. An effort was made schools include kindergarten, paro- to learn the number and membership chial, academy, and college grades, in of the young people's societies, but name at least, tho the distinction is not without success.

always evident. Certain facts, however, it was possi- Great confusion arose from the ble to gather, and these are presented financial statements. The general in the descriptive text of the different purpose was to show the amount con- denominations in Part II of the re- tributed by the churches in the United port. Such as were fairly comparable States for the various departments of are presented in the general summary missionary and benevolent work du- of Part I in three tables: I. Do- ring a calendar year. But the calen- mestic work-missionary, educational, dar years closed with every month and philanthropic, the institutions, from January to December. The re- agencies employed and amounts con- ports that came in included frequently tributed. 2. Foreign mission work, in- not only the contributions by the stitutions, agencies and contributions.

churches, but income from invested 3. Contributions for domestic and for- funds, grants toward endowments, eign work compared. A modification fees for tuition or treatment in hos- of this last table is presented in con- pitals or asylums, etc. In some in- nection with this article.

stances the figures represented not the Of the 186 denominations, 75 are income of the societies, but their ex- not represented in the tables. Most of penditures, or even their appropria- them have no organized work of any tions. Furthermore, different author- sort, tho it does not follow that they ities, supposed to be equally reliable, do no missionary or benevolent work.

furnished varying figures for the Among them are the Churches of same organization. Thus the income Christ, protesting against the societies for one society was given in two dif- of the Disciples, tho they contribute ferent forms by two officials, while individually to some form of mission- summaries in different ways presented ary effort; the Plymouth Brethren, In- still other results. dependent churches, most of the The most serious difficulty, how- Evangelistic Associations, etc. Of the ever, arose from incomplete returns. remaining I I I organizations, 75 are

represented in both the domestic and to represent in any orie particular the foreign work tables, 29 in the domes- stun total of the share of the religious tic work tables, but not in the foreign, bodies in the general welfare of the and seven in the foreign but not in country.

the domestic. The summary of con- Notwithstanding these limitations, tributions represents only 92 denom- it is significant that the total amount inations, as several bodies reporting reported as contributed by these re- other items gave no figures under this ligious bodies in 1906 was $47,420,- head. Chief among them is the 546, and that of this sum 81.6 per Roman Catholic Church; partial re- cent was for expenditure in the United ports were available for one organ- States, against r8.4 per cent for for- ization, but they were so meager that eign lands. Of this total, $21,506,898, to publish them would involve a or 45.3 per cent, was for missions, serious misrepresentation. home and foreign, and of this amount In reviewing these tables it is to be 59·3 per cent was for home missions remembered that they are limited and 40,7 per cent for foreign missions.

to strictly denominational statistics. When it is remembered that the fig- Only those contributions are included ures for foreign missions include which pass through denominational many items which in this country channels, and those institutions which come under the head of education and are under denominational control. philanthropy, it will be evident that Thus the large sums of money given there is no substantial basis for the to such organizations as the Y. M. claim that Americans favor foreign C. A. or the American Bible Society, lands at the expense of their own.

do not appear; nor those educational A comparison of the contributions or philanthropic institutions which, for home and foreign work, and par- tho closely identified with religious ticularly of those for home and for- bodies, are not under denominational eign missions, shows that the larger control. Accordingly, while the fig- proportion for domestic work, or ures for missions, home and foreign, home missions, is given by those may be considered as fairly complete, bodies most directly affected by im- those for education and philanthropy migration. Thus, in the Lutheran are far below the truth. As illus- bodies, the German Evangelical Synod, trative of this it is to be noted that the Christian Reformed Church, do- no figures at all appear under the mestic work and missions greatly out- head of philanthropy for the Congre- class the foreign. In the Northern gationalists, Presbyterians or Uni- Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian and tarians, altho the members of these other bodies, the proportion is more bodies are most liberal in the support nearly equal, while in the Southern of such institutions. On the other bodies of the same families the for- hand, the figures for Roman Cath- eign work outclasses the home work.

olic institutions, educational and phil'- Other facts of note are the great at- anthropic, are fairly complete, but tention given by the newer denom- there are no figures at all for Roman inations, and particularly by those Catholic contributions. The result is of foreign origin, to education and that the tables must not be understood philanthropy; illustrated by the em-

PROGRESS OF RELIGION IN THE UNITED

phasis on parochial schools in certain but there were several such registered Lutheran bodies; the effort to provide in the former report, and the size for the poor members of the com- of a denomination furnishes by no munity. The columns of averages per means an accurate criterion of its im- member furnish some interesting sug- portance. It is also true that a num- gestions. In this connection it is per- ber are the result of immigration, and tinent to note that the large amount will probably gradually unite with credited to the Northern Baptist Con- similar bodies. After all allowances vention for education, which brings are made, it remains true that so far up the percentages and averages, from lessening, the number of de- seems to be due partly to certain large nominations that give promise of donations to the Chicago University, permanency has materially increased.

so that Baptists in particular and all A careful study of the descriptive religious bodies in general, share in statements of the denominations will, the effect of Mr. Rockefeller's dona- however, bring out certain points tions. which deserve special emphasis, and Did space permit, the consideration modify somewhat the first impression.

of the tables of work of the denom- In the first place, doctrinal re- inations, incomplete as they are, semblances bulk much more largely might be extended with interest and than doctrinal differences, and the profit. They certainly deserve the members of even opposing churches careful consideration of all those in- are coming to realize that while they terested in the practical relations of may phrase their beliefs very dif- the churches to the community at ferently, the content of each is, after large. all, very much the same. This will be Mutual Relations of the DenominatioD8 apparent, I believe, to anyone who, There are few people who, entirely with open mind, will read and study aside from their ecclesiastical views, the statements of doctrine of the de- do not feel that denominational di- nominations, with a view to learning visions, at least to the degree to which what they consider to be the essentials they are carried, are not merely a blot of their belief. These statements are on church life and a hindrance to its not, of course, doctrinal treatises, but spiritual influence, but a great eco- the effort was made to secure from nomic waste. The fundamental ques- each religious body a clear, satisfac- tion in the minds of many, therefore, tory statement of its doctrinal basis, will be, are there any indications in and while probably some may be dis- this report of progress toward a better satisfied, it is believed that they fairly condition. represent the situation in each body in The apparent answer of the tables this respect.

is not encouraging. Since the report In the second place, ecclesiastical of 1890 there have been 6r denom- barriers are breaking down, or per- inations added to the list, a net in- haps more accurately, becoming so crease of 41. It is true that a number confused that it is difficult always to of these are small, and to be regarded trace them. The denominations have as associations of churches rather been roughly divided into four classes: than as fully organized denominations, hierarchical, episcopal, representative

and independent. There are, how- sisterhoods, leagues, movements, ever, few, if any, that can be placed clubs-societies of every conceivable exclusively in anyone of these classes. type. Perhaps most notable of all is Even the hierarchical bodies are feel- the fellowship that is developing in ing the surging of independency; the the conduct of this work, particularly Episcopal bodies are almost as repre- as it is brought about in the great con- sentative in character as those avowed- ferences and congresses, where the ly so; the representative bodies are workers of all denominations meet to more and more independent, while the discuss their work, rather than their independent bodies are looking with opinions, and find that with one pur- longing eyes at the advantages of rep- pose and only slightly differing beliefs resentative and even episcopal or- and methods they are ever drawing ganization. Ecclesiastically as well as closer together, until not a few ac- doctrinally, the dividing lines are be- claim the day of unity, even organic coming blurred. unity, as near at hand.

In the third place, there is manifest There are, however, forces at work the positive harmonizing influence of of which comparatively little note is an increasing emphasis on the prac- generally taken, but which become tical, every-day work of the churches very manifest as one studies carefully for those outside of their own com- the underlying causes for the existence munion. This will appear very of the denominations. These forces are noticeably in the section on the work essentially the same as those that ap- of the denominations. The tables al- pear in our general political, industrial ready noticed give some indication of and financial life: viz., the tendency it, but the text presents it in much toward centralization and the protest fulIet form. There is the broadening of individualism. There is on the one of educational interests, including on hand the conviction that union is the one hand universities and col- strength, and organization is power; leges; on the other, the parochial on the other, a fear lest union tend schools of the Lutheran, Episcopal and to monopoly, and organization to Roman Catholic churches, and the tyranny. Aside from the representa- mission schools of other bodies; the tives of the old bodies of Europe and care for the immigrants as they land Asia and those that give expression to and scatter over the country, illus- some new cult, there are few, if any, trated by the number of churches that of the 186 denominations, whether report the forty-one languages, be- large or small, whose origin is not due sides English, used in church services; primarily to the operation of one or the provision for the needy manifest the other of these influences. Did in the establishment of orphanages, space permit, illustration after illus- asylums, homes, hospitals of many tration might be given. Most per- kinds; the realization of social needs tinent, perhaps, is that of the result for which institutional churches, par- of the Methodist-Presbyterian-Bap- ish houses, settlements, libraries, etc., tist protest, in the latter part of the have been established. Men, women, eighteenth century, against the su- and young people are organized in premacy of denominational authority, brotherhoods, orders of deaconesses, the rigidity of denominational rules,

PROGRESS OF RELIGION IN THE UNITED

and the exclusiveness of denomina- naturally fellowship together and tional names. At first refusing any work together easily to a common association, almost dreading fellow- end. ship, standing firm on the principle that each company of believers is a That great progress has been made Christian church, and to be known by toward better mutual relations beno other name than that of Christian tween the denominations, notwithor Disciple, through the exigencies of standing the increase in the number of common work, they were compelled to bodies, is, it seems to me, very evicome together, some into what is dent. To develop it to the full will known as the Christian Connection, require, on the part of all, not merely others into the Disciples of Christ. mutual respect and confidence, but a Here, again, there arose the dread of demonstration that Christian unity organization, and the Churches of is not inconsistent with diversity of Christ are classed by themselves, belief and of methods, whether in while over the question of delegate worship or in work; and that organmembership in missionary societies ization means mutual cooperation there was, for a time, danger of still rather than the dominance of anyone another division and the development form or element. If this can be seof four denominations where a cen- cured, the cherished aim, with all its tury ago there was the protest against grandeur as well as its simplicity, will any denomination at all. be secured, and the Church will prove to be the one Kingdom of God. It appears thus that while there are very evident tendencies, negatively, to Since the above was written the the elimination of the influences which General Convention of the Protestant in the past have been very largely Episcopal Church and the Nationthe occasion of divisions, and pos- al Council of the Congregational itively to bring the different bodies Churches have issued statements into fellowship, and perhaps ultimately which emphasize this position; while, into union, there are other forces as these words are penned, represenoperating, not so much in opposition tatives of three great Methodist bodies to these unifying forces, as to bring are in session in Baltimore discussing about new alignments or affiliations, organic union, the formal recognition chiefly for active church work. It is of the passing of those conditions one thing for a body to split off from which occasioned separation. It is another body because of disagree- significant that the impulse in each ment, a very different thing for a body case seems to have come from the to be formed by those, whether per- inspiration of the great missionary sons or local organizations, who conference at Edinburgh.

MISSIONS AND THE WORLD'S

THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF BRITISH MISSIONS: TO PHILOLOGY, BIBLE TRANSLATION AND NATIVE LITERATURE BY REV. JAMES JOHNSTON, BOLTON, ENGLAND Even in circles of comparative in- production of other smaller societies, telligence men scarcely realize to what whose labors in philology and native an extent the civilized world is in- literature have great value and in- debted to missionary toils for its fluence in the mission fields.

knowledge of the science of philology A brief survey of these glorious.

and for the growth of vernacular liter- if silently wrought, successes lends ature. Within the nineteenth century, emphasis to a tribute of the English which practically covers the era of Spectator that, in the command of modern missions, an amazing amount foreign tongues, "no class of 1!1en on of evidence leads the London Times earth, except German professors, to say that this work "would itself re- would attempt to rival English mis- deem the work of the missionaries sionaries in linguistic achievements.

from the stigma of failure."* There are men among them, in dozens, A glance at the records of philo- as familiar with the folklore of the logical triumphs shows results on a Semitic peoples, and others who have prodigious scale. Dr. Dennis's mas- mastered thoroughly the so-called 'im- terly volume, a "Centennial Survey possible' languages, learned Chinese of Foreign Missions," contains over and popular Singhalese."

forty pages of titles of translations put It is perhaps not necessary to point down to the credit of missionary learn- out that in hundreds of instances these ing and scholarship. If the linguistic laborious tasks, marked by cultured activities of the chief missionary or- gifts, and superb devotion, were car- ganizations in the United Kingdom ried through with scanty literary ap- be taken into consideration, the "Cen- paratus, at distant mission outposts, in tenary Volume" (1899), of the Eng- regions haunted by malaria, and amid lish Church Missionary Society scenes of barbarism and imminent alone, presents an impressive array peril_ of nineteen pages, comprizing the In this department of missionary names of 382 contributors, credited service one authority tells us of nearly with thousands of publications in up- two hundred African languages and ward of 114 different languages and dialects ·which have been illustrated dialects. Of the seventy versions for by grammars, dictionaries, vocabu- which the society is indebted to the laries, and translations of the Bible, Bible Society, the majority have been entirely through "evangelists" hailing prepared by its own missionaries, the from British shores. "Many of these number and quality of which have tongues," Sir H. Johnston likewise not been surpassed by those of any notices, "were on the point of extinc- similar organization. In addition to tion and have since become extinct, the work of this society we have the and we owe our knowledge of them .. In the present article we shall confine our- solely to the missionaries' intervenselves to the achievements of Britisq missionaries, tion." On the other hand, they have those of the United States, and possibly the Con- given fixity and wider utility to numtinent of Europe, requiring a separate paper for bers of native tongues ranging from their discussion. "dialects spoken by a few thousands markable protectorates at the present of uneducated Indians in Northwest day holding allegiance to the British America-found without grammar or Crown.

alphabet-to the great languages of Of modern issue and conspicuous India and China, used by scores of service are the productions of the Rev.

millions, the vehicles of ancient liter- and Hon. Dr. Hetherwick, of Blan- atures and profound philosophies." tyre, comprizing a handbook and New By such instrumentalities have heralds Testament in Yao, a manual in Chin- of the cross provided a civilization to yanja, and the principal share in the savages and a literature to peoples that latest translation of the New Testa- had no alphabet. Of this type the ment in the same tongue; coupled Livingstonia Mission is a characteris- with the Chinyanja Dictionary by Dr.

tic example. Dr. Laws, its devoted Laws; the Ngoni and English-Tum:.

superintendent, observes that, thirty buka Dictionary by Drs. Elmslie and years ago, not a soul in Central Af- Steele, respectively (the Tumbuka rica knew a letter of the alphabet. language being spoken by 25,000 na- As regards the spheres of pioneer- tives); and the Mananja Dictionary, a ing linguistical triumphs, some notable work by the late Dr. D. C. R. Scott, specimens relate to the languages of worthy of a high place "in the roll-call the African continent, including those of the heroes of the Christian faith" as of West Africa, viz.: Susu, Bullom, a pioneer leader of the Blantyre Mis- and the like; Isenberg's Amharic Dic- sion. With these may be linked a tionary; J. F. Schon's Dictionary, and volume entitled, "Africana," from the Hansa Studies, since extended and pen of the Rev. Alex Duff, pro- utilized by the Hansa Association, nounced one of the best books ever further supplemented by the Rev. C. written on Africa. Through the H. Robinson's researches, also of a agency of the Liyingstonia Printing bygone time; the exhaustive works of Press as many as ten native languages Ludwig Krapf in the "linguas" of have been reduced to writing by mis- East Africa; Rebmann on Swahii, sionaries in the British Central Af- and kindred tongues; Moffat's Sech- rica Protectorate, besides the several uana version of the Bible; S. W. translations into the vernacular, all Koelle's imposing "Polyglotta Af- marking an extraordinary advance ricana," a comparison of one hundred upon an aggregate of fourteen African African languages, and recent trans- languages reported to have been lations into Kongolese by that great printed between the year of Living- linguist, Holman Bentley. Mingled stone's death in 1873, and the first associations gather around the her- issue of the Chinyanja New Testa- culean toils of George Lawrence Pil- ment in 1886, under Dr. Laws' super- kington, who, at the close of the vision. .

nineteenth century, in the space of Attention should be called to the.

eight crowded years, prepared the "Union" Ibo version (West Africa) New Testament and the major part of of the New Testament, the' fruit of the Old Testament for the Baganda Archdeacon Dennis's zealous labors, people, subjects of one of the most re- issued by the British· and Foreign Bible Society in 1909. The 1bo of McClatchie, A. B. Hutchinson, and tongue, the speeLh of upward of others, in China, claim an honorable 4,000,000 out of the 6,000,000 in- place in any philological record. To habitants, is the most prevalent of the these should be added the numerous eight distinct languages spoken in versions in the Maori of New Zealand Southern Nigeria. More recently, the by Williams, the Malayalam works of Archdeacon, under the auspices of the Benjamin Bailey, and the Cree, Ojib- Church Missionary Society, has em- eway, Eskimo, and various Northbarked upon the larger undertaking of west American dialects in considerable a "Union" Ibo version of the Old number. Testament. Commenting upon the changes around the seaboard of this Of Bible translations in the world's extensive tract of domain in West foremost tongues a truly inspiring Africa, it has been admirably said: record may be submitted. Missionary "To have the whole Bible translated purpose is here represented by some into the Ibo language and in use in of its noblest works.* the Ibo country, which ten years ago was closed against the white man by These heroic souls have reaiii~~i the the tyranny of a crafty and cruel su- old Latin motto afresh, Finis coronat perstition, is one' of those signs of the opus-"The end crowns the work." oriward march of the Kingdom of Men who have compelled the world to God which can not be gainsaid." For admit that the best translations date the accomplishment of this important from the mission field, by those postask by Archdeacon Dennis the repre- sessing "the mystery of making paper sentatives of the Old Calabar Mission talk," to use a quaint expression of belonging to the United Free Church native wonder. of Scotland will give their hearty cooperation. Pathetic and thrilling is the story of the translation of God's Word in the To the scholarship of missions the Malagasy tongue. Ere the storms of world is debtor for Tamil works by persecution swept over this "Great Rhenius, in South India; to the African Island," the pioneer mission- Church Missionary Society agents for aries to the Malagasies, who arrived grammars and lexicons in the tongues in 1817, "had only eighteen years in of the Hill Tribes, Malto, Santali, which to work before they were ex- Gondi, and similar aboriginals; and to pelled, but they used them to good the undaunted Moravian missionaries, profit." At the capital, Antananarivo, in the interior, they first learned the Jaeschke and Heyde, for a Tibetan language, next reduced it to writing, and afterward completed the transladictionary and translation of the Bible, tion and printed with their own hands respectively. Altho the principal lan- the whole Bible from Genesis to Revguages of India and China, were in elation. This preCious legacy the misearlier ages treated by their own sionaries left to their converts, upon scholars and have engaged in modern whom the Queen of Madagascar times the study of a distinguished wreaked her vengeance for twentyband of scholars, yet the Sindhi re- six long, weary years-when they searches of Trumpp and Shirt, in India, and the linguistic masterpieces '* These include translations into 500 languages and dialects, many of them never before reduced to writing. themselves were banished as dis- writings of Dr. Hobson, of Hong- turbers of her subjects in 1835. In kong, or Dr. Kerr, of Canton; Dr.

the last quarter of the century a much- Morrison's Chinese Dictionary, an in- needed revision of the· Malagasy comparable task, a copy of this weigh- Scriptures was made, to the comple- ing forty-five pounds, forms one of tion of which the Revs. W. E. Cousins the literary curiosities of the British and L. Dahle, of the Norwegian Mis- Museum; Dr. Legge's erudite com- sionary Society, a most accomplished pilation of the "Chinese Classics"; linguist, were notable coworkers; the Hewlett's translations of patristic former subsequently producing his writings into Urdu; pfander's contro- valued translation of the Bible in the versial treatises; and, of present date, speech of the Malagasy. Dr. Timothy Richard's translation in Notwithstanding that the number of eight volumes of Mackenzie's "History languages in which the complete Bible of Christian Civilization in the Nine- is now printed was trebled in the teenth Century"; the doctor being an course of the nineteenth century, wide ardent Chinese educational reformer is the field which still remains un- and the widely known secretary and reaped. According to the Rev. H. B. inspirer of the Christian Literature Macartney, of the two thousand lan- Society, than which no society has guages and dialects spoken by the done more for China and its millions.

human family, only five hundred have Other eminent names whose produc- the Scriptures in any shape or form tions appear in many tongues are too whatever. In other words, taking the numerous to mention.

old world and the new together, there Notable, likewise, are standard are some 1,600 races and tribes whose translations of Chinese literature into languages are wholly or largely un- the English language, for which stu- known to Europeans. dents and young missionaries in China Concerning miscellaneous transla- are under the greatest obligation.

tions and vernacular literature in gen- Specimens of this class include a eral, dealing with every phase of na- classic volume on Taoism by the Rev.

tive life and thought, the issues are Dr. Chalmers, the valuable works of quite beyond calculation. For the un- the Rev. Dr. Edkins on the Chinese cultivated races these have been of an language and literature, and a treatise elementary character as compared on Buddhism by Dr. Eitel, the best with controversial publications, e.g., exponent of that ancient system of books of theology and devotion, or of worship.

history, science and philosophy, etc.; Reviewing briefly the place of to meet the wants of civilized com- Christian vernacular literature in munities in India, China, and Japan; Oriental lands, the urgency is every- indicative of amazing activity among where apparent for the provision of literary missionaries and the broad wants-intellectual and spiritual-on outlook of the societies whkh they behalf of millions of souls. In the represent. production of such literature, which is In this department it is only possible largely the creation of the past cen- to refer to a few works of acknowl- tury, missionaries have not on1y -b~en edged celebrity, such as the medical the pioneers of vernacular edu~MiQrr~_, they have also been among the first to For the creation of this type of employ the vernacular as literary literature it is universally agreed that vehicles. In the preparation thereof missionaries, or men of like culture, they have rendered greater service already fitted for literary work, should than the churches at home have recog- be set free to discharge it; to occupy nized. In a word, the use of a ver- certain linguistic areas, and to supernacular Christian literature by mis- intend the preparation of Christian sions, tho capable of wide develop- literature in each of the different lanment, has been an enlightening means guages of the people. under Providence for the hastening of the day of the Lord. In order to appreciate the magnitude of the task it should be noticed that a On the other hand, anti-Christian reference to Christian literature "for and pernicious vernacular literature India" is, of course, like speaking of are scattered broadcast, the majority literature "for Europe," so vast is the of them being merely reproductions diversity of languages spoken by of the popular infidel literature of nearly three hundred millions in England and the United States. India. A very different condition of things to that obtaining in China, To grapple with this problem, espe- where the people are homogeneous, cially in India, a popular style of with one literature for the whole em- Christian literature both for native pire and her dependencies. Christian communities and non-Chnstians is certainly demanded. "Trans- lations," says a missionary, "are not of Loud is the call, therefore, to pro- much use"; they lack the idiomatic, vide pure, wholesome books to coun- homely familiarity and charm which teract the taste for others of a de- the vernacular conveys. To be ap- basing kind, and the dissemination of preciated by the native populations, a better class of works with a larger Western knowledge, as far as possible, mission than tract or pamphlet, use- must be cast into Oriental molds. ful as their function may be, for re- It is undoubtedly true, therefore, that ligious inquirers. "Such a presenta- vernacular translations present a tion of the distinctive truths of Chris- sphere of very high evangelistic value, tianity," it has been declared, "can alike in regard to the supply of the na- only be done effectively by those who tive Christians' own religious needs, are able to understand and sympathize and to the prominent part they are to with the Oriental mode of thought, take in the evangelization of their own who have examined the sacred wri- countrymen. Some years ago Dr. tings of other nations from the point Murdoch made the astonishing state- of view of the earnest seeker after ment that "the Hindu, the vernacular truth, and who are willing thankfully of over seventy millions, had not a to acknowledge whatever of truth is single commentary in any book of contained in them." Only in this, or Scripture: only one Indian language a similar manner, can the growing de- had a Bible concordance." A clamant mand for Western knowledge be met appeal, indeed, to the leaders of mis- and the supreme claims of Christ be sionary institutions and the Christian presented to the educated youth and a Church. vernacular-reading population.

SELF-SUPPORT IN THE PHILIPPINE

BY REV. CHARLES W. BRIGGS, ILOILO Missionary of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society In the great enterprise of evangel- Christianity must first be implanted. izing the world, the attainment of That does not mean dogma nor docself-supporting native churches is not trine, nor Christian ethics, for it means the end in view j it is rather an evi- much more than all these-a whole dence that the end is being approx- greater than these parts. It does not imated, and one of the last steps be- mean that a human institution must fore reaching the end is being taken. be humanly implanted. The implant- ing of Christianity in any land is one The so-called problem of self-sup- of God's undivided and exclusive preport is a modern one. For more than rogatives. God must first prepare the seventeen centuries Christianity spread soil, create the demand for Chrisfrom country to country without such tianity, call the worker, bless the work. a problem being known. When Paul Man can herald the message he rewent into Europe as a pioneer mis- ceives; he may teach and inculcate it; sionary, he had no salary, no incidental better yet, he may be its living emallowance, no pay for native preachers, bodiment, its incarnation, winsome, no chapel-building fund, not even for infectious, contagious; but God giveth the new towns. He supported himself the increase. in part by working at a humble trade, and instead of spending money on his Christianity is always and everynew congregations, called upon them where alive. In every land it is a to make regular collections for the living organism, capable of feeding, needy back in Judea. Paul never reproducing and maintaining itself, in heard that thcre was anything else accordance with the laws of life. than a self-supporting church. A supreme duty of the missionary The whole problem of self-support is to take off his sandals in reverence, on the mission fields to-day results and beware lest he interfere with and from the difference of economic hinder that eager, impulsive life, and standards between the home land of overfeed it, till the organism becomes the missionary, and the standards ob- all belly, ever greedy, never satiate, taining on the mission fields. The parasitic, with its Christlikeness, its problem arises when we try to trans- comeliness, its independence forever plant Western institutions into Orien- maimed. tal fields. This does not necessarily condemn all such attempts. But it Many are the limitations of an certainly does mean this: That the American missionary living among an missionary, not the people nor the Oriental people; but unless his work conditions in which he works, is and association be with the governing chiefly responsible for the problem of class, he soon finds that the economic self-support. It seems to me also to gulf is the widest one separating him fairly imply the following: That sel/- from the people. The people, great support is a natural and inevitable de- hordes of them, crushing millions of velopment from implanted Christian- them, are poor and degraded. ~They ity, capable of attainment on any mis- live from hand to mouth, and starvasion field. tion will overtake many of them sooner or later; llut the missionary has

salary, fine clothing, expensive food, really mean just what He said! So it servants, vehicles, bicycles, motors- is that he finds a tremendous gulf in fact, from the point of view of the "fixt" between himself and his au- masses, he is rich. dience, the people he has. come to If the missionary were simply to an- Christianize.

nounce or herald the gospel on the mis- This difficulty is not avoided by sion field, this would not make so leaving the missionary without visible much difference; but when he has to means of support, to actually and become one with the people, to rein- physically live on "faith," as it is some- carnate the love of God in their midst, times called. The missionary without to so identify himself with them that home and food and other bodily req- the love of God in his own heart and uisites to which he is inured has life shall become infectious with them, proven a practical failure. The in- it is clear that such an economic "mid- stances are few, indeed, where such dle wall of partition" constitutes a a missionary does as much work, or most serious obstacle to his real work. does it as well, as the regular "Board"

And this difference of economic mISSIOnary. The Orient is not the status would be less of an obstacle home land, and its health problem for were it not that he is the advanced the Occidental is a big one. Mission- agent of the most leveling, democratic, aries can't ever go back to the eco- socialistic religion that was ever for- nomic simplicity of Christ and His dis- mulated on earth. This relatively ciples living in their own land, and in wealthy one is a messenger of the an environment so different from poor Christ, who had not where to lay what a missionary must face.

his head, and who despised property But every missionary should open and wealth, and refused to taint his his eyes to the limitations placed upon hands with it. His ringing rebuke to his power to inculcate Christianity un- the rich in search for life, His com- der such trying conditions, and strive mand and example to give to every in every possible way to offset the one that should ask, and to lend to :111 disadvantages resulting from the con- who would borrow, His carelessness trast between his economic status and about to-morrow and its needs- that of the people among whom he these must be the message of the mis- works. Every missionary shoulders sionary to the poor, hungry millions in heavy responsibility in this matter if Oriental lands. It may be never so it is true that the only difficult ele- easy to explain that Christ did not ment in the problem of self-support mean just what He said-to a Western is the missionary himself; if the in- audience-but in the Orient there is stitution he is to plant on foreign soil the difficulty that be the explanation is to stand or fall with himself.

never so satisfactory to the mission- The writer's missionary experience ary, it does not appeal to his hungry convinces him that too much money is audience, who can believe him and his being spent on our mission fields in message only in so far as he himself salaries and wages for native helpers puts it into practise. He is sure to and preachers, in chapel construction come sooner or later to wonder within and chapel maintenance. The ques- himself if Jesus did not, after all, tion should oftener be raised whether

A SELF-SUPPORTING PREACHER AND HIS WIFE A J»ROTESTANT FILIPINO AND HIS BIBLE

SEVEN O'CLOCK IN THE )'(ORNING AT THE KitBATUAN SCHOOL, ILOILO PROGRESS OF EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS

such expenditure promotes or hinders with endowed institutions which do self-support. The following is the not neglect industrial training nor pathetic report of a missionary in tolerate undemocratic atmospheres; India: "I am suffering daily from and there will be a more adequate sup- the results of unwise kindness, or from ply of consecrated doctors and nurses, the kind unwiseness, of those noble equipped with hospitals and nurses'

men who labored in this district in the training-schools, tc emulate the ex- days gone by. There are parasites ample in neighborliness of the Goou here which hang with such a tenacity Samaritan. This sort of evangelism.

that a detaching remedy seems im- pulsating with the love of Christ, possible." builds solidly, doth not make ashamed, This does not mean that too much and will not breed parasites.

money was raised and spent for mis- Self-support in mission churches sions in that particular district in may be promoted by the missionary India, but that money was used to who, in loyalty to Christ and to the put brakes on the wheels of progress. Great Commission, does not fail in All hail the dar when the Spirit of the these following respects: Lord so moves upon the churches that I. The missionary must be demo- they shall devote ten times their pres- cratic. There is a line of social ent contributions to the evangelization cleavage through every human society, of the world; it may be, however, that whether in the East or West. This He waits till He sees more evidence cleavage line is vague, but real, and that such an increase will be used the democratic are those below the where it will accomplish good re3l1lts. line, or in full sympathy with those be- The day that sees such advance in low the line. Clothes and property giving to missions, and such wisdom and learning do not justify an attitude in the administration of mission funds, of "superiority," or even of condescen- will be a day when but little of the sion to those below this line. Strip money goes to native preachers, and off all these accretions and we all to the developing of "rice Christians" stand before one another, as we stand and "rice churches"; but the mission- before God, bare men, each man a ary ranks will be kept full, and their man, and God alone able to say that quality will be maintained; mISSIon- one is better than another. Ninety- aries will be fully supplied with all nine people in a hundred, in the mis- the necessities of life, and alIowed sion fields, are below this line of social none of its luxuries; there will be a cleavage. Christ always "lined-up"

tremendous increment in the dissem- below this line of social cleavage.

ination of mission literature, to be The missionary must always be a true sold, not carelessly given away, that democrat. Christ's messenger is Sam- it may be appreciated and effective. It son shorn of his power, if he remains, will see large outlays of money aiming or is considered to remain, above this directly to influence and educate public line of cleavage.

opinion through the channels of native- The line of social cleavage is more directed papers, theaters, and other closely drawn in the mission fields than molders' of society. There will be a it is in the homeland, and is more ex- great advance in our educational work, clusively drawn. Those below have

SELF-SUPPORT IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS

practically no possibility of ever pass- left to the leading of the Holy Spirit ing this line. And everything con- in each individual missionary's life and spires to draw the line below the mis- surroundings; but the great principle sionary, and make his words "sound- must never be forgotten nor de- ing brass and a tinkling cymbal" to the frauded of application.

great proletariat. But Christ was of the In home life, economy of food and proletariat, in whom the upper clothing should be rigorously prac- classes found learning and authority tised, in the conscious and volitional with astonishment. "Can anything endeavor to diminish as far as possible good come out of" peasant "Naz- the gul f between the missionary and areth" ? Probably all His disciples the great multitude who are poor in who took an open stand with Him the extreme. The greater part of a were from below this line. Nicodemus missionary's salary can be put to a and Joseph of Arimathea and the cer- far higher use than overloading the tain "rich young man" were deterred stomach, or over-decorating the person.

by this line from becoming His No missionary can live in an Oriental apostles. Saul of Tarsus was born country, with Oriental servants about above the line, and educated above the the house,· without the people knowing line, but voluntarily classed himself in a general way about how much his with those below. He had the good table and home is costing, and how sense to see that this was greater than much truth and sincerity there is in fame as the noted student of Gam- his teaching of the gospel of self-sac- aliel. rifice and seeking first of the Kingdom The missionary spirit and passion of Heaven. A broad smile and kindly is for self-sacrifice. The passion for words regarding the poor and needy, God and for humanity in its need can and fine discourse about the blessing only express itself in the denial of of sharing in the suffering of the beg- selfishness, and in the paying of any gars and orphans, are sounding brass price for a share in the regeneration and tinkling cymbals to an Oriental of humanity. The first century was audience who know facts of the mis- a century of martyrdom. Progress sionary's expense items in the gratifi- for the kingdom then was only by way cation of self which all point in of the cross and the fagot. Progress another direction from that taken by in the twentieth century can only come his tongue and lips in religious dis- through paying the price-suffering, course. The most pernicious part of ceaseless toil, self-denial and self- the skepticism and indifference to his immolation, for the salvation of the teaching of the gospel may not be con- world. And no religious teachers and sciously defined as such in the minds workers know this better than mis- of the people he is seeking to teach; sionaries of experience. So that the the subconscious sense of the incon- very fact of one's being known as a gruity between life and words render missionary should be known to in- him and his message impotent.

volve a passion for self-sacrifice. I thoroughly believe there is a great The application of this great prin- principle in the instructions Jesus gave ciple to the actual and concrete situa- the twelve and the seventy when He tion on any particular field can only be sent them out as the first missionaries,

telling them to take nothing with that have to have salary from abroad, them for the journey, to enter into or they can not work; of chapels that the homes where they would be re- have to be largely built and kept in ceived and eat with the people there repair by foreign money, or else they and then heal their sick and announce will not exist; and of "rice-Christians" that the Kingdom of Heaven was at instead of stewards taking more de- hand. The literal obedience to the light by far in giving than in receiving, letter of the instructions then given to are in evidence. When we sow thorns, missionaries may be ridiculous and we need not look for figs to develop; even savoring of death-for the letter when we do not sow Christianity as kills-but the principle can not be defined and exemplified by Jesus, we ignored by any missionary without are fools to look for a resultant Christremendous hurt both to his own life tian growth that is genuine and seIfand to his work. The principle de- supporting and aggressive. And I mands freedom from impedimenta would maintain that the missionary that would positively defeat the pur- should in many cases begin with himpose of the missionary; and calls for self, and his own home and manner of the missionary to come into close and living, if he is to hope for a self-supmost intimate relations with the family porting work. in the home, fellowship in the common meal, than which nothing else With a district sixty miles' in is a better solvent for the barrier be- length, and almost without roads extween the missionary and the Oriental cept on its southern end, and with the for whom he works; and in general, task of touring country villages widely the air and spirit of one who has a separated, I have found in my work burning purpose to which everything that it has paid to make it a rule to else must be sacrificed, and which can tour the district on foot. A bicycle not for a moment thrive in the pres- has done me good service as far as the ence of selfishness in any of its in- roads extend. Beyond the roads, a sidious forms. horse could be used, or, especially during the rains, a palanquin would I wish to raise a question whether save the missionary many bruises and or not a lot of our missionary work is blisters. After giving each a trial, I not done in utter blindness and diso- have been fully persuaded that the best bedience to the spirit of these instruc- work, by far, can be done by going on tions of the Lord? And to declare my foot. The preachers and helpers all conviction, based on ten years in the must walk. True, there are instances mission field, that disobedience to this where mission funds are wasted in principle straight from the Lord's supplying' them with horses, and pamheart, is the prolific source of our pering them into parasites. But, exdifficult problem of self-support of the cept in cases where some one uses Christian institutions we are develop- money very unwisely, the native working in so many mission fields. The ers all must go on foot. If the misreason why the vigorous, independent, sionary goes along with them, he not aggressive institutions of Christianity only becomes one with them in felloware not forthcoming in many quarters, ship by the way, but makes it far but in their stead a lot of preachers simpler and easier to help them get a

courtesy of the Baptist Foreign Mission

. TIlE UNION H OS PITAL AT ILOILO, PlIILIPPINE ISLANDS By courtesy of th e Baptist Foreign ThrIission Societ y.

THE DOCTOR A ND N U R SES AT THE I L OILO H OSPITAL THE MI NISTRY OF HEALING IN THE PHILIPPINE ISL.NDS

AT THE ]ARD BOYS' INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL-A SELF·GOVERNING

THE BAPTIST ASSOCIATION, ILOILO PROVINCE, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS By courtesy of Missions.

19II ] SELF-SUPPORT IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS

normal idea of what the real spirit of the sorrowing is to know sorrow by preaching the gospel is. When they experience. The only way to love the see his blisters and his fatigue, and the poor and needy is to experience mud and stains of the jungle on him, poverty; and the only way to preach as well as on themselves, it is far the gospel to a hard-working, cal- easier for the Lord to move in their loused, weary lot of the proletariat in hearts to be content with some hard- the Orient is to share their callouses, ship, and to thrill with an enthusiasm share their hunger, and be one with to preach and work without expecting them in their weariness and blisters pay for it. and aches. And the missionary who Jesus walked with His disciples, is not willing to pay this price for the and improved the time along the way sake of the kingdom has not yet to open their minds. That was the known the passion of Christ.

theological seminary in which was A very fine instance of the relation trained Simon Peter, under whose of this sort of work to self-support persuasion five thousand were con- was seen in a little experience I had verted at Pentecost. The thing works in 1904 and the succeeding year. A well on the mission field; in the Phil- first visit was made to a frontier vil- ippines, at least; for I have seen lage and far beyond the decent trails.

preachers develop all the way from I was sick with tonsillitis on the way new converts ignorant of the New to the village, and a party of some Testament until they had become twenty men came out and met me splendid preachers of apostolic power fifteen miles, and carried me over the -and this in a peripatetic school, the worst part of the trail-the last fifteen class-room being none other than the miles-in a palanquin. It was easy jungle trails, the rest-places, and the travel for me, but killing labor for the homes and villages where we stopt men who, two at a time, struggled for the night. Preachers trained in over the slippery trail with my weight that way, and with but one text-book, on their bare shoulders. After coming the New Testament, are easily pre- to the village, several of them de- served from the thought, even, that veloped fever, no doubt induced by they are to be mere hirelings and para- the fatigue of that carry. They ap- sites. While, if the missionary rides parently did the work willingly, and horseback, he does not go along the would not take pay for their pains.

way with those trudging on afoot, he A year after another visit was to does not get into so close fellowship be made to the same village; the men with them in the toil and ache of the considered the carry of the preceding tour, and he lacks the vigorous appe- year a precedent, and were out to tite and the powerful gastric juice that meet me at the end of the difficult will relish the humble fare of the peo- trail, and were very insistent in urging ple, and even digest the barriers be- and demanding that I ride in the tween him and them, the middle wall palanquin. This I told them I could of partition, through which in some not do, for I had legs and strength, way he must carry the gospel into and God had given it me to use, and their hearts and characters. that it would be a shame and wicked The only way to sympathize with to ride on their legs and backs. They

continued, in true Oriental manner, to salary, pointing out to me that they insist that I ride in the hammock, but were very poor.

finally acceded to the inevitable and This was my chance again. I re- we walked along the trail together, minded them of the trail and of what wading the swamps and skidding over Thad told them about using one's own the slippery, sliding fifteen miles to the legs. They had seen the point and village. By dint of much ferreting, I agreed with me that a man who had learned that the men had been un- legs, but would not use them, ought willing to leave their work that morn- to lose the legs, especially if he would ing and come out to carry the Amer- let some one else carry him, and that icano over the trail, and had only God would be quite justified in taking come under compulsion from the head- off or crippling the legs of so lazy a man of the village. This was what I man. And I pointed out to them that suspected, from what I had learned of they were now asking me to carry the people and their village life. them in a palanquin over the difficult I now told them that the principle trail. They saw the point at once, and of their feeling objection to leaving acknowledged that it was a good one.

their work and carrying me the fifteen Then I told them they did not need a miles was a true principle and a right chapel with an iron roof till they were one. Had I been unwell or a cripple, able to pay for one themselves; that it would have been their duty to carry the Christ, born in a humble manger, me; but knowing that I was well able would meet with and bless them in to walk, they were quite right in feel- their thatch-roofed chapel so long as ing as they had. And along the way they were honorable and independent I missed no chance to give them some in maintaining it. And as to school wholesome teaching of a kind that and teacher, they were led around to would fit their lives and problems. see that to get any real harvest they They were won by the treatment I must toil and spade and plow and gave them, and were disciples from cultivate, and that then the crop would that hour, and realized that the mis- be harvested in time, and would be a sionary had lessons they would profit blessing to them. That church, in the by learning. village of Maldespina, or Bingawan, is After a day or two in the village, self-supporting to this day. They several of the men approached me took an offering for foreign missions, with a proposition that they should one spring, of twenty-five pesos, have a larger and finer church than $I2.50, and not a man or woman of they had, and that the mission should them has a hundred pesos during a furnish the money for an iron roof! whole year.

Mission money had gone into chapels 2. Self-support can be promoted by in surrounding districts of which they not paying native preachers salaries.

knew, and they naturally wanted their Hirelings are not good shepherds of share in the graft, if there was to be the sheep. They not only run away any. Furthermore, they agreed with when trial comes, but themselves prey me that there should be a good school on the flock. And when the pay has in the village, and wanted the mission to stop, the work is too apt to stop, and to provide a teacher and pay his great harm be done the cause. When

SELF-SUPPORT IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS

the demanded increase of salary is not herd and the hireling was frequently forthcoming, the preacher may go on explained and applied. The example strike, and hurt the work he has been of the Catholic priests, who were nodoing as a hireling. These are not torious for their grasping after money imaginary propositions, but statements and "selling salvation," was not overof what has actually happened time looked. And I was able to say in all and again. the Christian communities, that I should go about the country, under A missionary, and a pastor in the tropic sun and through the swamps Christendom, may be able to receive a and jungles and into the fever-infested salary and still do genuine work for mountains, on foot and as a poor and the kingdom; but not all are doing it, humble servant of Jesus, and ask apparently. When we take the Orien- for volunteers to help in the work. tal, whose environment and training Vorkers were not lacking, and never are all so radically different from our have been in that district. own, we need to be very cautious, exceedingly cautious, in the use of In the districts adjoining mine on money and giving pay for work. either hand, the native preachers had Judas, the only one of the twelve who salaries. Some of my men became seemed to get interested in the finan- restive from time to time, and asked cial side of Christian service, came to for pay, generally beginning by saying a sad end. We need to work most that their work was interfered with cautiously, or scores of promising by their inability to support their workers and preachers in our dis- families and buy their clothes and tricts will come to an end even more preach as full time as they wished to. sad. I made it a rule to hold the man right to his statement and make him tell me My first preacher had a big salary. how many hours each day he spent The precedent was established before preaching, how many hours each week, I began to work with him. The result and showed him how many hours was, there was no end of candidates were left for self-support. for the ministry, and men looking for pay such as he had. When his work After trying each man tilI it was in the district was done, I feared self- manifest that he had the genuine spirit support was already defeated, and of Jesus and was doing good work, I could see hope only in resorting to have taken the men into my constrenuous measures. I announced fidence, singly and in groups, and throughout the district that preachers said to them: "Now what we are afand helpers were sorely needed, but ter is the Kingdom of God. I want that none would be accepted who ex- that built up here in this province. I pected pay for the work. A lot of want each man of you to give alI the time and toil was spent teaching some time and strength he has to that great of the New Testament ·principles that task. God lays that task upon you bear on the issue. Paul supported as well as upon me. I have some himself and preached the gospel with- money given for this work by the out pay. So did all the apostles, and brethren in America, who are praying were clothed with mighty power from for our work and supporting it. When God. The parable of the Good Shep- anyone of you men are in sore need,

and must have some clothing for your supporting churches in the district. work, or some money for your family The men are kept humble. They have needs, and the work will be hindered to go barefooted, and work part of the by your stopping to earn the money; time for their living, but are kept on or when what you get from your con- a level and in sympathy with their congregations is insufficient; or when gregations. Money is not being wasted there is a famine, and hard times are by them, and they are able to teach by pinching you and the work is to be word and by example a Christianity hindered, each one of you is to be that is wholesome and practical, and free to come to me and tell me the that fits their environment as a sal- facts. I promise to look them over aried man and a parasite on the purses with you sympathetically, and am of Christendom can never do. ready to divide with you some of the money I am holding for the chance to The matter 'of educating and trainuse it where it will really promote the ing preachers is here involved. On work we are doing together." But I most of the mission fields pioneer conalways make it plain that this is not ditions obtain. Preachers are needed pay for the work they do. It is simply like the heroic figures of the early my way of cooperating with them in days in America, men who had small their work-the work I love and wish or no pay at all, and endured hardship to see done well, and which they can and preached a plain, vigorous type of do better than I can. gospel. Native preachers trained in a school patterned slavishly after a I have been surprized at the way my theological seminary in America, are preachers and workers have responded pretty apt to have to be coddled and to this offer. One ordained preacher paid for their work, and drest above who had a most difficult frontier dis- their position, and deprived of all the trict, and was struggling manfully primitive, vigorous enthusiasm of with almost no equipment and with Christ-the fundamental passion for scant living, only asked for twenty self-sacrifice, without which Christian cents during a whole year of service. work is powerless, and the sweets of Others during a year had five or ten the gospel insipid. or fifteen dollars' help. Some asked for more than they needed, and were 3. Self-support may also be profirmly but lovingly refused that which moted by adapting Western instituwould have done more harm than good tions, not adopting them, on the misto them. I find that no two of them sion field. Chapel and church buildare alike. Treatment that brings ings should be adapted to the country blessing to one, won't work with and economic condition of the people. another. Sometimes ridicule is em- Orientals living in thatch houses or in ployed, sometimes logic, sometimes huts of cheap materials, do not need severity and plain talk that might expensive church buildings beyond sound like unbrotherliness, but which their means, and necessarily making is what that particular man needs and demands upon mission funds. There will thrive on. are exceptions to the strict application of this rule, but they should be excep- I find that preachers without a tions. 'When cine congregation is salary promote the growth of self- helped to build a church beyond their

19I1 ] SELF-SUPPORT IN THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS

station and means of support, they Physician; but the mission doctor can constitute a bad example to other easily breed parasites and "riceneighboring congregations. Human Christians." The institution must be nature is such that help is likely to made to serve the independence and be taken where it can possibly be virility of the Christians, even tho the gotten. institution lose some of its paint and glitter.' The problem of evangelizing The missionary is in danger of not the world in this generation, or in any appreciating the fitness of a humble other, will still remain far from chapel or church building, or school realization even when all the wealth building, to the people who build it and of Christendom is dedicated to this are to use it. One needs to be made high end. Paul, without the money, over into the native, and to see from did more to implant self-supporting the native point of view, before pass- Christianity in the Roman Empire ing on the fitness of a given building than some missions may be doing toto its users and their environment. day, with annual budgets of hundreds of thousands of dollars. No congregation can be self-supporting when it is weighed down with 4. Self-support on the mission field a plant that is way beyond their means may be promoted by definite appeal to or tastes, and they must simply be the self-respect of the native, and to subjects for charity and funds from the persistent inculcation of the prinabroad. Vigor of spirit, and the in- ciples of Christian stewardship. The dependence and aggressiveness of native Christian has something that Christ, as well as the grasping of his he can give for the support of the great principle of self-sacrifice, can gospel, and will never thrive and benot be inculcated nor fostered by in- come vigorous till he gives it to the stitutions that may fit some other point of making sacrifice. He is just country never so well, but be a misfit as truly one of God's stewards as is on the field in question. the millionaire Christian in the West. The great principle includes him, just The theological school is likely to a5 it did the poor widow "who cast in prove such a borrowed institution that more than they aIL" Just because the is a misfit. No country needs a theo- native church is poor, and living from logical school that must be supported hand to mouth, the missionary must largely by funds from abroad, and not neglect the matter of teaching the conducted by foreigners. Training church and training its ministers to the schools of this sort are apt to be a idea that they are to give every week, most pernicious institution on a mis- as the Lord prospers them. We can sion field, and threaten utter defeat not afford to despise the day of small to the attempt for self-support. things. It is only the amount itself • Even the day-school may easily that is small; the principle is just as breed parasites. In fact, there is no big, and obedience to it brings just as greater problem for the missionary big a blessing as it can in the case of than that of using mission funds in the rich. And the missionary will find his work in such a way as to do good, it far easier to get his poor congregaand not evil with it. The mission hos- tion to respond, and apply Christ's pital is a beautiful institution, scintillating the very beauty of the Great

great principle, than can the eloquent And if properly managed, such an or- preacher in Christendom, when he ganization will ring with the very seeks to teach stewardship principles spirit of patriotism, and of the pas- to a wealthy congregation. And the sion of Jesus. But then it is the naresult of such inculcation of the prin- tive pastors that must do the teaching. ciples of Christian stewardship will be a vigorous, independent, self-support- In concluding a paper that has aling and aggressive Christi:m body. ready become too prolonged, I come back to the same proposition I started The appeal to the self-respect of with-it is going to depend very largethe Church and the individual Chris- ly upon the personality of the mistian on the mission field is never in sionary whether a self-supporting vain. When the young men and wo- work develops in his field, or whether men workers are made to feel that the this endeavor is utterly defeated. task of evangelizing their own people Money is a dangerous thing on the is their task, not that of the mission- mission field. Consecrated money in ary, and encouraged in doing some the hands of a consecrated and wise heroic work at the task, they respond personality is powerful, but still a with enthusiasm. Christ's call for risky thing-something like a motor sacnfice stirs in their spirit just as it would be that exploded in its cylinders does in the spirit of the missionary. nitro-glycerin instead of gasoline. They find it is easier and far more The power is there, beyond dispute, fun, to be willing workers for the but the problem of applying it to the Lord, without prospect of pay from real problem and ministering to the some foreign purse, than being a para- real need in a wholesome way is a site would ever be. tremendous task and problem.

1 have found blessing in working to The gospel promotes self-supportthis end by indirection, getting some yea, more, it promotes and fruits out zealous young preacher to teach this with the glory of sacrificing self and and preach it in the public confer- developing an aggressive Church. ences and associational meetings, Christianity, in its records, in its spirit, rather than to be forever harping at and in its experience, is wholesome, it myself. The missionary is handi- alive, self-propagating, self-supportcapped, and may easily be suspected of ing. Its supply of vital support is as wishing to avoid the expense of pay- perennial as the clouds of heaven, and ing for the work; but the young na- is from above. The task of the mistive can set his own people on fire sionary is to make himself over after with the same thought and motive, and the pattern of Christ, and far from without being suspected of ulterior hindering the normal development of motives. An organization of young Christianity on his field, cooperate workers can be brought about by in- with its potency, and inculcate its direction, with a platform demanding spirit, and let God give the inobedience to Christ, and strenuous crease. In such a way self-supporting service for His kingdom, without a churches are possible; yes, will be incent of pay from any mission board. evitable, on any mission field.

IN MISSIONARY

HISTORICAL FACTS FOR MISSIONARY ANNIVERSARIES COMPILED BY BELLE M. BRAIN, SCHENECTADY, N. Y.

January I, 18S4.-·PRAYER-MEETING years," says .the great missIOnary.

AT ONGOLE. On New-year's day, "For ten of these years I was settled 1854, a prayer-meeting was held in the one hundred and fifty miles away. But Telugu country which resulted in whenever we met, I took care to have reaping, from that long barren field, a talk with him; I sent messages to one of the greatest harvests in mis- him; got others interested in him; and sions. On New-year's morning, the for all these years in private and in Rev. and Mrs. Lyman Jewett, while public prayed for him." In due time touring among the viIIages with three these efforts were rewarded and native helpers, entered Ongole, and Thakombau became a Christian.

all day long labored in its streets, January 4, 1866.-JAMES CHALMERS ridiculed, reviled and stoned. Toward SAILED FOR THE SOUTH SEAS in the evening, weary with fruitless toil, the second JaIm Williams. It was a happy five Christians climbed a hill over- coincidence that led Chalmers, him- looking the town, and knelt in earnest self a contribution of the Sunday- prayer, each in turn asking that God school to missions, to sail for his field would send a missionary to Ongole in a ship given by Sunday-school chil- and make it a center of light. A dren. Concerning the great decision strong assurance was given them that of his life, made at the age of fifteen, their prayers were heard, and Mr. Chalmers writes: "Our Sunday- Jewett pointed out a suitable sight for· school class had been held in the vestry a miSSIOn. For twelve years these as usual. The lesson was finished, prayers seemed to be forgotten, but in and we had marched back to the 1866 Dr. Clough arrived and took up chapel to sing, answer questions and his residence in a house built on the listen to a short address. I sat at the very spot selected by Mr. Jewett in head of the seat and can even now see :1854! Ten years later there were Mr. Meikle [pastor and superin- more than 4,000 communicants in the tendent of the Sunday-school] taking Telugu fitM, and greater ingatherings from his breast-pocket a copy of the soon followed. United Presbyterian Record, and hear Other events: Jan. I, 1866.-Death of him say that he was going to read a Nathan Brown. Jan. 1, 1874.-0pening letter to us from a missionary in Fiji.

of the first hospital for women in the It spoke of cannibalism, and of the Orient at Bareilly, India. power of the gospel, and at the close, January 3, 1813·-BIRTH OF JAMES looking over his spectacles with wet CALVERT. One secret of Calvert's eyes, he said, 'I wonder if there is a great success in Fiji was his habit of boy here who wiII become a mission- selecting, as special objects of prayer ary, and by-and-by bring the gospel to and work, certain individuals whose the cannibals?' And the response of conversion would mean much to the my heart was, 'God helping me, I mission. One of these was Thakom- wilL' "

bau, the so-called "King of Fiji," a January 5, 18II.-BIRTH OF CYRUS monster of iniquity and sin. "For him HAMLIN. Probably no missionary to I earnestly prayed and labored fifteen Turkey won so lasting a place in the

hearts of the people as Cyrus Hamlin, her young lover at Cape Town. For who not only led many to Christ, but more than fifty years she worked by through his industrial schemes clothed his side-a brave, heroic, loving wo- the naked, fed the hungry and enabled man as fully imbued with the mission- scores of young men to obtain an edu- ary spirit as he. When at last God cation. "It is said by those who have took her home, her husband's first traveled widely in the Turkish Em- words were, as he stood gazing into pire," says Dr. Thain, "that here and her beloved face: "For fifty-three there, often in very humble houses, the years I have had her to pray for me." one picture hanging on the wall is that of Dr. Hamlin, and that if he is not Other events: Jan. 10, I800-Beginning revered as Saint Hamlin in those of Carey's work at Serampore. Jan. 10, homes, he is remembered as the wise 1888-Death of Peter Parker. friend and generous helper of many students who since that time have done January I I, 18S7.-BAPT1SM OF the work of men." THAKoMBAu. During the three years between his public announcement of January 8, 18S9.-BEGINNING OF his purpose to renounce heathenism THE WEEK OF PRAYER. The Week of and his baptism, Thakombau had many Prayer was born on the mission field, struggles with sin. One day, with the it's progenitor being the Rev. John H. vain idea that it might help him to Morrison, known among his colleagues get right with God, he said to his wife: as the "Lion of the Punjab." During "I'll have my beard off." The misthe awful months that followed the sionaries had never asked the Fijians mutiny of 1857, at the suggestion of to sacrifice the fine beards they wore, Dr. Morrison, the Ludhiana Mission but the converts, having noticed that of the American Presbyterian Church the missionaries were all clean-shaven, issued a call to "all God's people of supposed it right to imitate them in every name and nation," to unite in an this as in other things. So off went annual week of prayer for the con- their beautiful beards! And now version of the world. The week was Thakombau decided to suffer this loss to begin on January 8th of the follow- -perhaps with some thought that it ing year. The plan was annually fol- would be becoming to him. But his lowed and great results along many wife, who was already a Christian, lines have followed. "The one said: "Let your beard alone! Get thought of this missionary in India," your heart right! And then, if your says the Encyclopedia for Missions, beard comes off, make no fuss about "has done more toward breaking down it 1" denominational reserve among Christians than any other influence in the Other Events: Jan. 11, 1733.-Deparnineteenth century." ture of the first Moravian missionaries to Greenland, Jan. 11, l857.-Death of Eli January 10, 187I.-DEATH OF MARY Smith. MOFFAT. The best gift God can give to a missionary is a good wife-such January 13, r8ss.-DEATH OF DR. a one as He gave to Robert Moffat JOHN SCUDDER. In 1819, when Dr. when He moved on the hearts of Mary Scudder went to India, it was cus- Smith's parents to allow her to join tomary for missionaries to drink wine. He did so himself, for no one at that time thought it wrong. But when

I] JANUARY IN MISSIONARY HISTORY

news of the total abstinence move- when on his way to China, a touching ment reached him, he decided that it incident occurred to which Morrison was a righteous cause and banished frequently referred as having taught the wine-cup from his table forever. him a lesson of faith and trust. Hav- Nor did he stop until he had estab- ing been taken suddenly ill, he was lished teetotalism throughout the mis- placed in his host's own chamber. BesIon. It aroused no little opposition, side the bed, in a little crib, slept a and when, after his transfer to child whom it seemed unnecessary to Madras, he took the same stand disturb. But in the morning, when there, he was snbjected to the most the little one awakened, she was greatbitter attacks from some within the ly frightened to find a stranger in her Church and many without it. His op- parents' bed. Endeavoring to control ponents threatened to tar and feather her fear, she looked intently at him him and ride him on a rail, and a car- and then said: "Man, do you pray to toon purporting to describe his death God?" "Oh, yes, my dear," said Mr. and funeral obsequies appeared in an Morrison, "every day. God is my best English paper. Notwithstanding all friend." Entirely reassured by this this he succeeded in establishing a answer, she laid her little head upon flourishing teetotal society and struck the pillow and was soon fast asleep. a telling blow for temperance. January 16, 1820.-BIRTH OF JOHN January 14, I843.-BIRTH OF Jos- REBMANN. One day when John Reb- EPH HARDY NEES1MA.* The power of mann was traveling in Eastern Equabooks, especially The Book, is shown torial Africa, he sighted a great snowin the life of Neesima. From these capped peak close by the equator. The silent teachers, without the aid of man, natives told him it was a dreadful he learned the three great truths that place, inhabited by spirits that bit off shaped his entire career-God as the fingers and toes of all who at- Creator, God as Savior, God as the tempted to go there-spirits known Hearer of Prayer. The first came to to us as Jack Frost. When Rebhim through Gen. I: I, in an abridged mann's discovery was published, the copy of the Chinese Bible found in the scientists laughed. "What does a library of a friend; the second through young missionary know about moun- John 3: 16, in a New Testament ob- tains?" they asked. "A snow-capped tained in Shanghai by sacrificing one peak near the equator? Such a thing of his much-prized swords; the third could not be." But Rebmann quietly through a copy of "Robinson Crusoe" said: "I was bred in Switzerland, and purchased in a second-hand book- think I can tell a snow-capped peak store in Boston with money given him when I see it." Subsequent investigaby the captain of the ship that brought tions proved his claim, and this heroic him to this country. German missionary is known to-day as the discoverer of Kilimanjaro, one January 15, 1782.-BIRTH OF ROB- of the world's greatest mountains. ERT MORRISON. While staying with a Christian gentleman of New York, January 17, I872.-0PENING 01' THE McALL MISSION IN PARIS. It * According to the old Japanese calendar, was the words of a workingman, Neesima's birth occurred January 14th; according wearing a blouse, that led to the opento Western reckoning, February 12th.

ing of this famous mission. "It is work that when he learned for what claimed that we are opposed to re- purpose the ground was to be used, he ligion," this man said to Dr. and Mrs. not only consented to its transfer, but McAll, as he took one of the tracts refused to receive any compensation they were distributing while on a va- for it whatever. "Take it, take it," he cation in Paris. "It is not true! If said. "I give it to you with pleasure anyone will come among us and teach for that purpose."

us a gospel of liberty and truth, we January 23, 1830.-B1RTH OF GUIDO are ready to listen." Within eighteen F. VERBECK. A Bible class, to do months Dr. and Mrs. McAll left their effective work, need not be large.

pleasant English parish and opened With the single exception of one old their mission to the desperate, lawless man, the first three baptized converts communists of Belleville, in a little in Japan were the fruit of a Bible class brick-paved shop bearing a placard of five taught by Dr. Verbeck. One with an invitation, of which this is a of these, an official of high rank, translation: named Vakasa, had found a Dutch Bible floating in Nagasaki Harbor in TO WORKING MEN! 1855, and being unable to read it, had Some English Friends Desire to secretly sent to Shanghai for a Chi- nese translation. He diligently studied Speak to You of the Love this, and in 1862, after the coming of of Jesus Christ the missionaries, sent his brother, Entrance Free The marvelous response goes to Ayabe, to Nagasaki to seek help in un- prove that the workingman, no mat- derstanding it. A providential meet- ter how low he is sunk, is quick to re- ing with Dr. Verbeck resulted in the spond to the gospel of truth when formation of the class at Wakasa's preached to him in a spirit of sym- home at Saga, where it was carried on pathy and love. through a trusted friend, Motono, who January 20, I87o.-ARRIVAL OF DR. traveled back and forth, carrying ques- CLARA SWAIN AT BAREILLY, INDIA. tions to Dr. Verbeck and bringing To Dr. Swain belongs the honor, not back his answers. At the end of three only of being the first woman medical years, Wakasa, Ayabe and Motono missionary, but also of opening the came to Nagasaki and were baptized first hospital for women in the Orient. in Dr. Verbeck's study.

The site desired for this hospital was Other events: Jan. 23, 182I-Lot Carey sailed for Africa. Jan. 23, Ifl9o-Death of a large estate, worth about $15,000, Joseph Hardy Neesima.

adjoining the mission premises. But as it was owned by the Nawab of Mysore, a Mohammedan who was bit- January 24, 18ro.-BIRTH OF JOHN terly opposed to Christianity, it seemed LUDWIG KRAPF. Krapf's great vision useless to try to obtain it. At length, of an "Apostle Street" of mission sta- however, the missionaries resolved to tions, crossing Africa from east to visit him at his palace forty miles dis- west, and also one from north to tant, and ask if he was willing to sell. south, is fast becoming realized.

Meanwhile, the prince had become so "With the Kongo missions approach- favorably imprest with Dr. Swain's ing those from the east," says Wilson

191I ] JANUARY IN MISSIONARY HISTORY

~ S. Naylor, "and the Nile missions al- its terrors known and unknown.

most meeting those from the south, "The longer I hesitated," he says, "the a great cross is being roughly de- blacker grew its towering walls, and scribed by transcontinental stations the more sinister its aspect. My that would thrill the rugged soul of imagination began to eat into my will Krapf with joy." When Livingstone, and consume my resolution. But Krapf's illustrious successor, was when all the virtue in me arose in hot making his third great journey in Af- indignation against such pusillanimity, rica, he, too, traced upon the continent I left the pleasant day, and entered as the rude figure of a cross, uncon- into a tomb." The student volunteer, sciously, but nevertheless truly. God pledged to enter lands dark with grant that this may symbolize the day heathenism, needs to guard well hi5 when all Africa shall find rest under imagination, lest, like that of the great the shadow of the Cross. explorer, it "eat into his will and con- January 27, 1673.-BIRTH OF Ex- sume his resolution." Many a man PERIENCE MAYHEW. For five gen- has been lost to .the work in this way.

erations members of the Mayhew family of Martha's Vineyard labored Other events: Jan. 28, 1833.-Birth of in behalf of the North American In- Gen. Charles George Gordon. Jan. 28, dians, their service extending from 1907.-Death of John G. Paton.

1646 to 1806, a period of 160 years.

This record is unsurpassed in mission- January 30, 1876.-SIGNING OF THE ary history, tho a near approach to CHRISTIAN COVENANT BY THE KUMA- it is found in the Moravian Frederick MOTO BAND. The influence of a Bonisch and his wife, Anna Stach, Christian teacher over his pupils i~ who with their descendants served well-nigh unlimited. In 1871 a Gov- through five generations, aggregating ernment school was opened at Kuma- 140 years. Of the five Mayhews moto, Japan, under the care of Cap- forming this godly succession, Ex- tain Janes, formerly an instructor at perience, the great grandson of West Point, in America. Tho for· Thomas, first governor of Martha's bidden to teach Christianity in the Vineyard, who heads the list, gave the school, he invited the students to his longest term of service. "His sixty- home to study the Bible, with the re- four years of missionary service," sult that many among them became says Thompson, "exceeds even the Christians. In January, 1876, a re- Moravian Zeisberger's term, which vival broke out in the school, and on was sixty-two years, and exceeds that the last Sabbath of the month a little of any American engaged in similar band of forty students marched to a work." hill overlooking the city, singing as January 28, 1841. – BIRTH OF they went. At the top they formed a HENRY M. STANLEY. In his recent circle, and one by one, made a solemn autobiography, edited by his wife, vow to preach the gospel even at the Henry M. Stanley tells of the amount cost of life. Then they prayed, kneel- of determination it took to enable him ing, and wrote out an oath-paper to enter the great forest of Central which they sealed and signed with Africa, with its lack of sunshine and their names. The immediate result

was bitter persecution, and a few fell refuse him its use. Some months away. But the majority remained later, when he was removed from the true to their vow and rendered valiant prison at A va to Oung-pen-Ia, the and efficient service to the cause of jailor tore the outer covering from Christ in Japan. this precious pillow and then threw it away! But it was found by Moung Jattuary 3r, r834.-COMPLETION OF lng, who, tho he knew nothing of its JUDSON'S BURMAN BIBLE. Judson's contents, carried it to Mrs. Judson, great translation of the Bible cost him thinking she would wish to keep it as a more than twenty years' work, and not sacred relic of her husband, whose a little anxiety. During the first death seemed so near. When at Burmese war, when he was thrown length the entire Bible was completed, into prison, Mrs. Judson secreted the Judson kneeled down with the last manuscripts of the completed por- sheet in his hand, and imploring fortions of the work in the ground be- giveness for any sin that had mingled neath the mission-house. But as the with it, dedicated his work to the rainy season came on there was great glory of God. danger of their being ruined by dampness, ahd Judson directed his wife to Other events: Jan. 31, 1686.-Birth of sew them up in a pillow so mean in Hans Egede. Jan. 31, 1807.~Morrison appearance that his jailor would not sailed for China.

THE UNREST IN INDIA FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE CHRISTIAN MISSIONARY BY REV. WILLIAM DURBAN, LONDON, ENGLAND Vivid light has been thrown on the transigents is to intensify the spirit of lurid scene presented to outside observers by the India of to-day through racial hatred. The Hind Swarajya, the medium of a series of thirty-seven articles, recently published in the in the following frantic outburst, ex- London Times. These are all from the pen of a special correspondent of presses the spirit which animates the that great British journal. Copious references are made, with elaborate champions of "Swaraj," or Indian inquotations by way of illustration and elucidation, to native newspapers. dependence: Some of these are as impassioned as they are malign, for they are direct Englishmen! Who are Englishincitements to murder and massacre, men? They are the present rulers of arid they are almost invariably ac- this country. But how did they becompanied by appeals in the name of come our rulers? By throwing the the gods. The insensate invective noose of dependence round our necks, employed is almost incredible, but its by making us forget our old learning, inflammatory potency is only too evi- by leading us along the path of sin, dent. by keeping us ignorant of the use of arms. Oh, my simple countrymen, by One object of these Hindu in- their teaching adultery has entered our homes and women have begun to be led astray. Alas, has India's golden land lost all her heroes? Are all eunuchs, timid and afraid, forgetful of their duty, preferring to die a slow death of torture, silent witnesses of the ruin of their country? Oh, In-

UNREST IN INDIA

dians, descended from a race of your degraded children! Mother, they heroes, why are you afraid of Eng- are now stricken with disease and sorlishmen? They are not gods, but men row. 0 Shyama! the reliever of the like yourselves, or, rather, monsters. three kinds of human affliction, relieve who have ravished your Sita-like our sorrows. Come, Mother, the debeauty [Sita, the spouse of Rama, was stroyer of the demons, and appear at abducted by the fiend Ravana, and re- the gates of Bengal. covered with the hdp of the Monkey God Hanuman and his army of mon- It is to be noted that the champions keys] . If there be any Rama among of "Swadeshi" habitually refer to the you, let him go forth to bring back English as "demons" who are to be your Sita. Raise the banner of destroyed in the name of the gods. Swadesh, crying, "Victory to the The Hjulna'lJasi breaks into poetry Mother." Rescue the truth and ac- and after a furious tirade cries: complish the good of India. Awake, 0 Goddess Durga! I see Religion, not politics, is the root of the lightning flashing from the point of thy bow, the world quaking at thy the unrest. The Dharma of Calcutta frowns, and creation trembling at thy tread. Let a river of blood flow, overemphasizes specialIy the religious side whelming the hearts of the demons.

of the movement: Thirty years ago the young West- ern-educated Hindu was apt to be, at Weare engaged in preaching religion and we are putting our energy least intellectually, plus royaliste que into this agitation, looking on it as the Ie roi. He plucked with both hands at chief part of out religion. The pres- the fruits of the tree of Western ent agitation, in its initial stages, had knowledge. Some were enthusiastic a strong leaven of the spirit of West- students of English literature, espeern politics in it, but at present a clear cially of English poetry. They had consciousness of Aryan greatness and their Wordsworth and their Browning a strong love and reverential spirit societies. Others steeped themselves toward the mother land have trans- in English history and loved to draw formed it into a shape in which the their inspiration politically from Milreligious element predominates. Pol- ton, Burke, and Mill. They may often itics is part of religion, but it has to have disliked the Englishman, but be cultivated in an Aryan way, in ac- they respected and admired him. If cordance with the precepts of the they resented his assumption of un- Aryan religion. qualified superiority, they were dis- posed to admit that it was not without Nowhere is the cult of the "terrible justification. The enthusiasm kindled in the first half of the last century by goddess," the bloodthirsty and fiendish the great missionaries, like Carey and Duff, who had made distinguished female Moloch of India, worshiped converts among the highest classes of Hindu society, had begun to wane; but under many forms, but chiefly under if educated Hindus had grown more reluctant to accept the dogmas of those of Kali and Durga, more closely Christianity, they were still ready to acknowledge the superiority of Westassociated with Indian unrest than in Bengal. Hence the frequency of the appeals to her in the Bengal press.

The Dacca Gazette welcomes the fes- tival of Durga with the following outburst: Indian brothers, there is no more time for lying asleep. Behold the Mother is coming! 0 Mother, the giver of all good, turn your eyes upon

ern ethics, and the Brahmo Samaj in volt against Hindu orthodoxy, but in Bengal, the Prathana Samaj in Bom- another it represents equally a revolt bay, the Social Reform movement against Western ideals, for in the which found eloquent advocates all teachings of its founder, Dayanand, over India, and not least in Madras, it has found an aggressive gosIJel and other agencies of a similar charac- which bases the claims of Aryan, i.e., ter for purging Hindu life of its more Hindu, supremacy on the Vedas as barbarous and superstitious associa- the one ultimate source of human and tions, bore witness to the ascendancy divine wisdom. Equally noteworthy which Western standards of morality with the glorification of Kali is the exercised over the Hindu mind. revival of Ganpati celebrations in Keshub Chunder Sen was not, per- honor of Ganesh, the elephant-headed haps, cast in so fine a mold as Ram god, perhaps the most popular of all Mohan Roy, or the more conservative Hindu deities, and especially to be Dr. Tagore, but his ideals were the taken into account is the part played same, and his life-dream was to find by this revival in stimulating political a common denominator for Hinduism disaffection in the Deccan.

and Christianity, which should secure The part played by Brahmanism in a thorough reform of Hindu society Indian unrest connotes, perhaps, more without demoralizing it. But an im- than anything else, the reactionary mense change has supervened, and side of that unrest: For tho there men of this type are for the most part have been and are many Brahmans to be found among the survivors of who have responded cordially to the the older generation. best influences of Western education, Practises which an educated Hindu and have worked with admirable zeal would have been at pains to explain to bridge the gulf between Indian and away, if he had not frankly repudiated European civilization, Brahmanism as them thirty years ago, now find zeal- a system represents the antipodes of ous apologists. Polytheism is not all that British rule must stand for in merely extolled as the poetic expres- India, and Brahmanism has from time sion of eternal verities, but the gods immemorial dominated Hindu so- and goddesses of the Hindu Pantheon ciety.

are being invested with fresh sanctity. The Brahmans are not only the The Brahmo Samaj is steadily losing sacerdotal caste of India, but they are vitality. The Prathana Samaj is dead. also the proudest and the closest aris- The fashion of the day is for religious tocracy that the world has ever seen.

revivals, in which the worship of Kali, For they form not merely an aris- the sanguinary goddess of destruction, tocracy of birth in the strictest sense or the cult of Shivaji-Maharaj, the of the term, but one of divine origin.

Mahratta chieftain who humbled in They date back to the remote ages of his day the pride of the alien con- the Vedas, when they constituted queror of Hindustan, plays an appro- themselves the only authorized inter- priately conspicuous part. The Arya- mediaries between mankind and the Samaj, which is spreading all over the gods. There are to-day over 14,000,- Punjab and the United Provinces, 000 Brahmans in India, and they are represents in one of its aspects a re- now split up into a great number of

castes and sub-castes, while a very banishment of the notorious agitator large number have been compelled to Tilak, barrister and editor, adminis- adopt agricultural, military, and com- tered a check to the Swadeshi revolt.

mercial pursuits. But Tilak and some other offenders Neither the triumph of Buddhism, who were punished with imprisonment which lasted for nearly 500 years, nor were adulated as martyrs in the successive waves of Moslem conquest noblest of causes. These agitating availed to destroy the power of Brah- Brahmans had not only sought to manism, nor has it been broken by terrorize the British by organizing British supremacy. There was, it is massacre, but had promised that with true, a brief period when it seemed the extirpation of the hated foreign as if the ferment of new ideas, under rule the golden age would return for ''''estern influence, had begun to affect gods and men.

Brahmanism with almost revolution- Many persons who do not intimately ary effect. Some had openly dis- know India entertain false ideas of carded their ancestral faith, and many the character of the boasted Indian more were moved to search their own National Congress. There is no more Scriptures for some interpretation of striking contrast to the liberal and the law less consistent with Western democratic professions of a body standards. It seemed at one moment which claims, as does this National as if, under the inspiration of men' Congress, to represent an enlightened, like Ranade in the Deccan, and progressive and national Hinduism Thagore in Bengal, Brahmanism was than the fact that in the course of the about to take the lead in purging twenty-five years of its existence it Hinduism of its most baleful super- has scarcely done anything to give stitions and bringing it into line with practical effect to its theoretical re- the philosophy and ethics of the West. pudiation of a social system that con- The liberal movement failed, how- demns some 50,000,000 out of the ever, to prevail against the forces of 207,000,000 of the Hindu population popular superstition and bigotry of the of India to a life of unspeakable deg- orthodox, combined with the bitterness radation. The "deprest classes" of too frequently resulting from the whom we generally speak as Pariahs, failure of Western education to secure tho the name properly belongs to only material success or even adequate one particular caste, the Pareiyas in livelihood for those who had departed South India, include all Hindus who from the old ways. And very grave do not belong to the four highest or issues were raised when such ancient "clean" castes of Hinduism, and they customs as infant marriage and the are, therefore, now officially and degradation of child-widows were euphemistically designated as the challenged. Panchamas-that is, the fifth caste.

The great crisis came when the Multitudes of these 50,000,000 murder of Rand and Ayerst at Poona, "Untouchables," or Panchamas, espe- on the day of Queen Victoria's second cially in southern India, are little bet- Jubilee, sent a thrill of horror through ter than serfs, while many others are India and caused a momentary sensa- condemned to this form of ostracism tion even in England. The trial and by the trades they ply. Such are not

only the scavengers and sweepers, but No doubt the abject ignorance and also the workers in leather, the squalor and the repulsive habits of Chamars and Muchis of northern and many of these unfortunates help to central India, and the ChakiIlians and explain their ostracism, but they do Madigars of southern India, who with not exculpate a social system which their families number I5,000,000 prescribes or tolerates such a state of souls; the washermen, the vendors of things. That if a kindly hand is exspirituous liquors, the pressers of oil, tended to them, even the lowest of the cowherds and shepherds, etc. these deprest can be speedily raised They are generally regarded as de- to a higher plane has been abundantly scendants of the aboriginal tribes shown by the efforts of Christian misoverwhelmed by the tide of Aryan sionaries. They are only now beconquest centuries ago. Some of ginning to extend their activities to these tribes, grouped together in the the deprest castes of northern Indian census under the denomina- India, but in southern India imtional rubric of "Animists" and num- portant results have been achieved. bering about 8,000,000, have survived The Bishop of Madras claims that to the present day in remote hills and within the last forty years in the jungles, without being absorbed into Telugu country alone some 250,000 th-e Hindu social system, and have pre- Panchamas have become Christians. served their primitive beliefs, in which and in Travancore another IOO,ooo. fetish worship and magic are dominant elements. The Panchamas have, how- During the last two decades especially ever, obtained a footing in Hinduism. the philanthropic work done by the A yawning gulf separates the missionaries in plague and famine "clean" higher-caste Hindu and the time has borne a rich harvest, for the "unclean" Panchama. The latter may Panchamas have naturally turned a have learned to do "puja" to Shiva or ready ear to the spiritual ministra- Kali or other members of the Hindu tions of those who stretched out their Pantheon, but he is not allowed within hands to help them in their hour of the precincts of their sanctuaries, and extreme need. Bishop Whitehead, has to worship from afar. Nor are who has devoted himself particularly the disabilities of the Panchama mere- to this question, declares that, in ly spiritual. In many villages he has southern India at least, the rate at to live entirely apart. He is not even which the elevation of the deprest allowed to draw water from the vil- castes can be achieved depends mainly lage well, lest he should "pollute" it upon the amount of effort which the by his touch. and where there is no Christian missions can put forth. If second weII for the "Untouchables," their organizations can be adequately the hardship is cruel, especially in sea- strengthened, and extended so as to sons of drought when casual water deal with the increasing number of in- CInes up. In every circumstance of quirers and converts, and above all, to his life the vileness of his life is train native teachers, he is convinced brought home to the wretched Pariah we may be within measurable distance By an elaborate and relentless system of the reclamation of the whole of the of social oppression. Panchama population.

ROOSEVELT'S VIEW OF AFRICAN MISSIONS *

When Mr. Roosevelt visited British member of which did well-is that a East Africa and Uganda last year he percentage of mission boys drift into judged what he saw with a calmness the towns, and, for instance, be among based upon his experience with the those engaged as porters. They are difficulties of a mixt people dwelling in the castaways of the missions, and America. In any country like East naturally fail to do wen as porters, so Africa, where whites are thrown in that the man who has engaged one will contact with the mass of savages, hos- condemn all mission boys because tility is apt to grow up among the dif- there is a rejected boy who has done ferent classes. Officials do not usu- badly as a porter. Taking the Af- ally like the settlers or the mission- ricans as a whole, I am certain that aries; and the settlers do not like the any unprejudiced witness will testify missionaries or the officials. A traveler to the great improvement. I am will hear the missionary work decried speaking of British East Africa, where by men who have lived on the ground the cultural development of the tribes and who honestly believe themselves is low, and they are still in such primi- to be good observers. Such was Mr. tive savagery that it is impossible to Roosevelt's experience, but, as he told expect to bridge over in a few years a Methodist missionary gathering in the great gulf between them and our Baltimore, he had the proper correct- civilization.

ive. He says: "I visited a number of missions in "Fortunately, I had been out Vest British East Africa, in Uganda, which a good deal and I had sifted for myself is right in the heart of the continent, the statements that both settlers and lying as it does on both sides of the army officers used to tell me about the equator and right in the middle of Indians, and I knew that much of it Africa-in the Upper Nile regions and was not so-I knew that b-ecause I near Egypt. In East Africa I visited knew the Indians. I was not sur- the Africa Inland Mission, under Mr.

prized, but I was greatly pleased, to Charles Hurlburt, at Kajaba, with its find that on the average the mission branches here and there; and a Scotch boy who had received some education Presbyterian mission. In Uganda at one of the mission schools was there were the missions of the Church raised incomparably above his former Missionary Society of England; in the pagan comrades, Sudan and in Egypt, the United Pres- "I do not mean to say that you can byterian Church. Of course, I saw not pick out an occasional mission sta- widely different stages of success at- tion where no good work has been tained by the different missions. That done. Missionaries are human, and depended partly upon the missionaries there are other walks of life where I themselves, and partly upon the· ma- could pick out occasional members of terial with which they had to work. A any profession who amount to very farmer in the arid belt has a good deal little. Take a well-meaning fellow harder time of it than one on the bot- whose zeal outruns his knowledge and tom lands of the Mississippi Valley; he may find himself pitiably unable to and it is just the same way in mis- grapple with new and strange and sionary work.

sometimes very terrible conditions. "In Uganda, where a much higher But, as a rule, I was immensely im- cultural stage has been reached by the prest with the improvement in the natives, a very different state of things character of the natives who had been is found than in the Sudan.

under missionary control. . . . "They had developed a semi-civiliza- "One partial explanation of the in- tion, a sort of advanced barbarism of sistent allegations that mission boys go their own, and had some settled in- wrong-and I have never known in dustries. They made a cloth out of any of our own colleges a class every the inner bark of a certain peculiar • * Quoted from TIw Literary Digest, and Northwestern CAN/ian Advocate.

tree they had there, and they were Mahdi rule had meant in the Sudan.

cunning ironworkers and had musical Mahdism was really an outbreak of instruments; they had herds of cattle various Mohammedan proselyters and goats and they were industrious which reproduced in the nineteenth cultivators of the soil. They had a century just the conditions of the fairly well-developed governmental seventh century. Well-meaning peo- system-almost a representative sys- ple, who did not know anything of the tem-not an elective system, but a rep- facts, would express sympathy with resentative system. They were under the Mahdists on the ground that they a cruel and bloodthirsty tyranny, but were struggling for independence.

they had great capacity for develop- They cared for independence for just ment. Fortunately, they were taken two reasons. In the first place, to kill by the pioneers of Christianity in the out every Christian; and in the next very nick of time. place to establish the slave-trade.

"The· Mohammedans reached them Those were the two cardinal principles from the North just about the time of the government of the Mahdists.

that the Christian missionaries reached Theirs was ai cruelty of which we in them coming in from the East Coast. our lives can~ form no realization. I All who are acquainted with condi- passed through village after village in tions in North Africa know that the Sudan, where I could see native while Mohammedanism unquestion- schools established in connection with ably works some temporary good in the Gordon Memorial College. I any pagan tribe, and brings them up to would see a native school with a na- a distinctly higher stage of culture, tive teacher and lots of children up ethical and intellectual, it unfortunate- to twelve years of age, and perhaps ly petrifies them at that stage, so that three or four over that, and I asked they can not easily advance further, about it. They said, 'Those are the and become well-nigh impervious to Government children.' I asked what Christian missionary effort. If the they meant, and was told all children Mohammedans had had time to make were killed except as the Government these Uganda people Mohammedans, took possession. I came upon tribes we would have had the extreme diffi- of pagans where there would be chil- culty in dealing with them that Chris- dren and old men, and practically no tian missionaries encounter every- men of middle age, because they had where in Moslem lands. all been killed out by the Mahdists.

"While Christianity and Mohamme- I would come upon the traces of com- danism were competing for Uganda, munities where we would find still on a pagan reaction was suddenly the ground the remains of the old threatened, and the pagans declared tribal fires, the fires of the villages they would drive all intruders out of where every living being had been the country. killed. The figures will show that out "Then the Christians and the Mo- of about ten millions of people, nearly hammedans joined forces for a time seven millions were ki:Ied during the and said, 'At least we all believe in years of the Mahdi uprising. Now the Book (the Bible in one case and that is' the thing from which Chris- the Koran in the other), and we will tianity and missionary effort saved prevent these pagans from driving us Uganda. It saved it from sufferings out of the country.' Afterward, most of which we, in our sheltered and fortunately, the Christians got the up- civilized lives, can literally form only per hand and saved the country. the most imperfect idea, and I do wish "Now I wish I could show what that the well-meaning people who Christianity saved Uganda from. laugh at or decry missionary work When I passed through the Sudan could realize what the missionary tribe I saw on every hand what the work has done in Central Africa."

EDITORIALS

THE EDITOR IN ASIA UNION MISSIONARY TRAINING ON Our first letter from the Editor-in- THE FIELD Chief on the foreign mission field is One of the results of the World printed in this number of the MIS- Missionary Conference at Edinburgh SIONARY REVIEW, and we hope that" was the conviction that the work of further letters will follow each month. missions is one, and that all evangelical No definite program has been made missionary societies are but divisions out for this tour, as it is thought best of the one great army. Another conto follow God's guidance step by step. viction, frequently exprest, was the Dr. Pierson hopes to remain long need for definite and improved plans enough in each field to make a careful and methods, with closer cooperation study of conditions and problems, to and greater economy made possible by interview some of the leading workers united institutions in foreign lands. and to render such service as is de- Among the practical suggestions to sired and possible in Bible lectures and be considered by the Continuation other addresses. The careful investi- Committee may well be that of the gation, of which it is expected to give value of a union training school for ' readers of the REVIEW the benefit, missionaries in each of the great mismay be judged from the list of ques- sion fields. This does not mean that tions that have been prepared for sub- young, untried enthusiasts shall cut mission to the most experienced and short their college and professional judicious missionaries at every sta- courses in England, America and Gertion. These include questions as to many in order to hasten out to forthe field and the force at work; the eign fields, but it means that time, methods best adopted, most needed, money and labor may be saved and and the results discernible; the in- efficiency and unity gained if the time fluence of "Higher Criticism" and now spent at many stations, under in- New Theology; evidences of the structors of varied ability, and with power of God in transformed in- all sorts of courses of study to predividuals and communities; instances pare the young missionaries for work of remarkable answers to prayer; the -if this time could be spent at a union greatest present needs and next im- training school where the community portant step; the need of greater coop- life would be spiritual and helpful, eration and the progress toward unity; where the best of instructors could be employed in the vernacular, where Bible work and Christian literature; missionaries of experience could give the chief hindrances on the field to- practical instruction, where libraries day, and the present attitude of the would place the best books on land, Government and of priests and mer- people, missions and methods of work chants; the influence of higher educa- within reach of students, and where tion on missions and the greatest progress could be watched and slippresent need in cooperation from the shod methods avoided. Christians at home. Every experienced missionary knows It is expected that the answers to that efficiency depends not only on these questions will contain much valu- spirituality and knowledge of God, able information, some of which will but is also determined in part by good be incorporated in the monthly letters judgment, sympathetic understanding from Asia and the remainder avail- of natives, knowledge of heathen reable for use in a volume-the result of ligions and philosophy, the methods of these studies on the field. Our read- maintaining bodily, mental and spirers are asked to remember Dr. Pier- itual health and the best methods for son in their prayers that his health reaching a given class of people.

may be preserved and that he may be It is strange that such a project able to serve the cause of Christ on has not long ago been adopted, with the mission fields. various denominations cooperating, in

India, China, Japan, Turkey and else- who give continually, generously, and where, to train men and women to be- gladly to spread the glad tidings to come trainers of natives to establish the ends of the earth. a Church of Christ in each field. How shall we account for this BUSINESS MEN AS MISSIONARIES amazing and most lamentable indif- ference? Where lies the responsibil- Is it too much of a stretch of faith ity? With the New Testament in in men and in the vitality of their hand, showing the teachings of Jesus Christianity to think that some day and the example of the early Church, business and professional men will together with the well-known facts of seek employment and spheres of activ- world-conditions, it would seem that ity in non-Christian lands, actuated by every Christian heart would quickly a positive missionary motive rather respond and every hand would be open than by a desire for selfish gain? Such to give. If from week to week the a suggestion is made by Dr. Josiah needs of humankind were presented in Strong. Is it not reasonable from a print, in every Christian home, and Christian standpoint? Already the the manifold blessings which the gosfields of business, law and medicine pel brings were adequately presented, and teaching are overcrowded in there would be a change of spirit. America and England. Why should Who are responsible for this lack of not Christian young men apply to knowledge and consequent lack of miscommercial houses and other agencies sionary zeal? for employment in foreign lands with a view to self-support and legitimate Missionary societies· are perhaps enterprise in temporal things, but sometimes wanting in enterprise, and actuated by a desire to use all spare fail to supply their constituents with time and every atom n£ influence in information full of instruction and inrepresenting and teaching Christ to spiration, but this can not often be those with whom business or pro- charged to-day. No doubt many pasfession brings them into contact. This is the plan of Satan and his fol- tors come seriously short of their duty, lowers. Should the servants of God making an appeal only once or twice who seek to redeem the world be less 1I. year when the missionary collection wise than the servants of evil or those is to be taken. But every disciple seeking selfish gain? must bear his share of responsibility, for there is no excuse to-day for the THE REMEDY FOR INDIFFERENCE man or woman who remains ignorant of the conditions in heathendom, the The Christian public looks largely to command of Christ and the progress the religious press for informationespecially for religious information- of the gospel. so that when this is not supplied the But the neglect and indifference are multitude is apt to remain unenlightened and so indifferent. by no means limited to these. After many years of constant perusal of The conviction is abroad that Chris- scores of rehgiotls weeklies, from all tendom is sadly lacking in interest and over America and from other lands, zeal concerning the entire great mat- the conclusion is forced upon us that ter of the world's evangelization, and the vast majority of denominational the lack is largely due to the general newspapers are seriously lacking in ignorance of the tremendous, awful this respect. Few give to missions the facts in the case. Not one church- attention and the space that they need member in ten apparently cares a and deserve. The evidence is overstraw for the woful condition of the whelming that the average editor enhundreds of millions of the unevan- tertains no such lofty conception of gelized! In the average church it is his duty as a public teacher and guide. only the few who are awake to their duty and privilege as Christians, and Some papers are excellent excep- tions and illustrate what every editor might and should undertake to do for the enlightenment and spiritual uplift partment, in charge of some one of his readers. One religious weekly, gifted and well fitted for the task?

published in the Far West, heads a Where is the John the Baptist to call page each week with these words in these editors to repentance? Where large type, "RELIGIOUS WORLD MOVE- is the Luther to proclaim and lead in MENTS." In two others the title a radical reformation? The religious "MISSIONARY WORK" calls the atten- weeklies might now form a syndicate tion to a page full of items carefully to gather and diffuse the most im- gleaned from all the world, without portant and inspiring events from all regard to denomination. Another over the world.

does the same under the heading, "THE WORLD FOR CHRIST." One INFLUENCE OF JAPANESE IMMIGRA- TION INTO KOREA paper more secular than sacred, never omits a page relating to "THE Recent immigrants from Japan to WORLD'S WELFARE." On a particular Korea have not been of the best class.

page, in each week, another paper The majority of them has rather been prints the word missions in large godless in every sense of the word.

type, followed by from six to ten mis- Thus their coming has brought all sionary items, brief, pungent and to kinds of worldly distractions, which the point. In all these cases the appeal to the poor, ignorant Koreans.

evidence of design is unmist;,tkable. Many new evils and subtle tempta- The editors appreciate the work of tions have come with this great rush the world's redemption and keep it of immigrants, and the Koreans have continually in mind, endeavoring day been caught by the glamour of the Jap- by day to gather reading matter fitted anese civilization tho they pretend to to instruct and inspire. despise and hate the Japanese. This Besides these a few editors manifest is natural, for the low, trashy things the same interest in a less formal way, of the world will attract man until the but perhaps as effectual. One can not Spirit touches his heart and reveals read what they send forth week by unto him the beauty of the nobler week without being certain that the spiritual things. • man behind the reading matter is THE RELIGION OF MITHRAS thoroughly enlisted in the world-cam- paign to make Jesus speedily known Comparatively little is known of this . and loved by every soul in every land. religion, and yet there have been few But what are these among so many false faiths that have had more to do who manifest no solicitude, and with with the superstitious and religious their pens make no effort to hasten systems of the human race than this.

the spread of the gospel to the ends of Mithras represents the highest of the earth! Should not every editor twenty-eight second-class divinities of take upon himself this responsibility? the ancient Persian pantheon, the Ized A number of religious papers content or Yazata, genius of the bright heaven, themselves with mentioning merely or day, and ruler of the universe, later their denominational news, and these identified with the sun-god. He was gave slight mention to the marvelous worshiped as protector and supporter Edinburgh World Conference. Their of man in this life and the guardian of I readers never hear of the wonderful the soul in the next, defending against work of the Spirit of God in lands impure demons and. introducing the where their missionaries are not pres- soul to bliss.

ent. In their papers the mission In Persian mythology Mithras is the world wears a puny and insignificant all-seeing and all-hearing one, armed look. with a dub as his weapon against What reason can be given why Ahriman and the evil Dews. He was every paper, caIling itself Christian, represented as a beautiful youth in should not maintain a missionary de- Phrygian garb kneeling upon an ox and plunging a knife into his neck, fiction has found an actual counter- with minor emblems of the sun and his part in William January.

course surrounding the group. Most Fourteen years ago he was sen- important of his many festivals was tenced for five years to the prison at his birthday, which, by: the way, is De- Fort Leavenworth, Kan., for robbing cember 25, and is the real origin of our a post-office in Oklahoma. He es- Christmas. The festival of the birth caped a few months before his sen- of Christ was, through the influence of tence would have terminated, became this pagan faith, drawn toward and successful in business, married, and finally merged into the birthday fes- had one child. He had changed his tival of the sun-god. name, and with it, apparently, his This form of worship found its way character.

into Rome and was regularly estab- An ex-convict, who had known him lished by Trajan about the year 100, in prison, demanded money for si- and the so-called mysteries of Mithras lence, but January would not submit fall into the spring equinox. The cere- to blackmail. "I have quit all myoid monies, which were symbolic of the ways," January said; "I am married struggle between Ahriman and Or- and have a family. I don't want to muzd were extraordinary and even have anything to do with you." For dangerous. Baptism was celebrated the sake of a standing reward of $60 and the taking of a mystical liquid, the ex-convict gave the desired infor- composed of flour and water. There mation, and two members of the are seven degrees which are regu- police force were detailed to make the lated according to the number of the arrest. The officers testified in court planets: first, the soldier; second, lions that this arrest was the most hateful and hyenas, the former representing task they had ever been called upon man and the second woman; third, to perform. The two policemen ravens; fourth, the degree of Persis; started a movement to obtain his parfifth, Oromios; sixth, Helios; and, don, and everybody in Kansas Cityseventh, fathers, the highest, also lawyers, doctors, judges, merchants, called eagles and hawks. The mys- the Board of Trade, the Chamber of teries were imported into Asia Minor, Commerce, labor organizations, and Syria, and Palestine, and in some parts private individuals-signed petitions human sacrifices were offered. It was or wrote directly to the President in finally supprest in Robe about 374 A.D. the convict's behalf. The State legis- But tokens of its existence can be lature passed a resolution recommendtraced later in Germany and in other ing the President to exercise clemcountries, and the subtle influence of ency. The result was that he was this ancient superstition may be easily . pardoned, and released. So God first recognized in many of the false re- changes a man and then restores him ligions of our day, and no real history to fellowship.

of religions can be written without THE LIFE OF KAMIL taking this into prominent considera- Kamil, the Mohammedan convert tion. and martyr, whose thrilling story was A MODERN JEAN VAUEAN told in our November number, was The beautiful creation of Victor fortunate in having as a biographer Hugo's pen-the escaped convict who, Rev, Henry H. Jessup, D,D., late of under an assumed name, became in so Syria. Dr. Jessup's story of this many respects a model of heroic self- young Christian is published by the sacrifice, but was discovered when in Westminster Press, Philadelphia, and high office, and in fact disclosed him- from the book we took many of the self to the authorities and accepted photographic illustrations used with the penalty for his former crimes the article. We regret that credit was rather than have an innocent man suf- not given with the publication of the fer-this creation of the master of illustrations,

MISSIONARY

AMERICA the Vorld's Student Christian Feder- ation, is actively interested in this A Sunday-school Missionary Policy world-wide expansion movement. The following centers will have the build- The Young People's Missionary ings they need: The Levant, two; Movement, which met last summer at Kobe, Moscow, Hankow, Canton, Silver Bay, adopted a missionary Bangalore, Tokyo, two; and Mr. policy for the Sunday-school, which Wanamaker, who has already given it sent out as a message to the world at five buildings, promises to erect large. The policy, which its framers another in China. believe to be a standard practicable for all local Sunday-schools, embraces A Phase of the Men's Movemellt the following items: "I. The creation of a missionary atmosphere by the use The Four-square League is finding of hymns, mention of missions and much favor at the Laymen's Missionmissionary workers, and use of maps ary Movement conventions. The men and charts. 2. Definite prayer for mis- who join it pledge themselves to give sions. 3. A missionary committee to at least $1,000 a year to foreign misdirect missionary instruction, plan ex- sions and to persuade three other men ercises, gather material, arrange for to do as much; to get their own special missionary days, provide a mis- churches to quadruple their missionary sionary library, etc. 4. Weekly mis- gifts, and to advocate the general prinsionary offerings. 5. A monthly mis- ciple that at least a fourth of all Chrissionary program or exercise to be used tian giving should be for foreign misat the opening or closing of the school. sions. 6. Missionary instruction, either from the platform or by monthly or other "The World in 80.ton" regular missionary lesson. 7. A missionary section of the Sunday-school A great Missionary Exposition is library. 8. Cultivation of the spirit of being planned for Boston, April 24consecration. 9. Suggestions for adult May 20, next year, at the Mechanics classes for a missionary course of Building. Rev. A. M. Gardiner is study of eight weeks at least once a secretary and manager of "The World year." in Boston," and many well-known names are on the executive staff. Y. M. C_ A. World-work Extensive preparations are being The Young Men's Christian Asso- made, and there are to be 10,000 ciation is preparing for a great mis- workers in the exposition. sionary forward movement, in line with its well-known methods, through- On the work of the stewards much out the world, particularly in the un- of the 'success of the exposition will evangelized portions of it. The coun- depend. To them is intrusted the pretries to be benefited include the Philip- sentation of the pageant, Darkness and pines, Japan, China, India, Ceylon, Light, to be given every afternoon and Korea, Turkey, Porto Rico, Cuba, and evening, representing the history and· Portugal. Over $1,500,000 are to be triumphs of Christianity in every part expended and the plan involves the of the world. They will also explain employment of fifty additional experts to visitors the exhibits portrayed in in the Far East during the next three the village and city scenes, which will years to direct the policy and to super- enable the public to see for them- intend the erection of nearly fifty selves the true conditions prevailing buildings in ten d~fferent nations. Mr. in the missionary fields at home and John D. Rockefeller has contributed abroad. From the enthusiasm with $450,000 to the enterprise, and John which volunteers are offering them- Wanamaker and others have pledged selves as stewards and from the earsums for buildings in designated cities. nestness with which they are prepar- Dr. John R. Mott, general secretary of ing for their respective duties, hopes for the unqualified success of the ex- position are entertained.

The interest in the pageant, the exhibits, the fairylike Moslem mosques, lish, fell in with our missionary at Chinese, Hindu, African and South Havre, Mont., and has since made his Sea villages are sure to attract some home there. He was confirmed two portion of the public interest solely in years ago, and now, under the superthe material aspects of the exposition; vision of the Rev. L. J. Christler, mis- at the service of these and, indeed, of sionary, with headquarters at Havre, all visitors will be the young, enthu- he has not only began a Japanese work siastic workers showing the points of in that town but is extending it along interest, explaining the exhibits, call- the line of the Great Northern, which ing attention to the obvious improve- railway employs a considerable num- ments in conditions wrought by mis- ber of Japanese. The work takes the sionary efforts as demonstrated by form of clubs, which have certain what is directly before the eyes of the beneficiary features, but which exist visitors. avowedly for the investigation of the Not alone in Boston has the plan Christian faith.-Spirit of Missions.

of a missionary exposition been wel- An African Miasion to Africa comed, but through the efforts of Rev.

A. M. Gardiner, whose familiarity In the great auditorium in Atlanta with similar undertakings in England a meeting was recently held, under the is proving invaluable, interest has been auspices of the colored Methodist aroused in a number of cities in the Episcopal Church, and certain pastors United States and Canada. Toronto of the white churches of Atlanta, to and Cleveland have already signified promote a mission in Africa. This is their intention of giving the Exposi- the first mission of the Methodist tion, and plans are already under way. Episcopal Church, South, to be opened The organization of the Missionary in Africa. The meeting was very en- Exposition Company in New York,. thusiastic, and about $460 was raised. which will build and own the various Prof. Gilbert, of Paine Institute, Autemples, street scenes, courts, villages, gusta, Ga., is to be the first missionetc., used to represent the life in the ary. Bishop Lambuth is now en route various home and foreign missionary to Africa to select the field. fields for rental to the cities wishing to make a missionary exhibit, will en- Turkish Moslems Invading Chicago able this to be done at a greatly re- There are 400 Turks in Chicagoduced expenditure in comparison with all devout Mohammedans (not pothe original cost of the construction lygamists, however) who are looking of these exhibits.-The Congrega- soon for a "hoja" (priest), and a cultionalist. tured representative of the "Young Turk" Movement has opened a coffee- A monthly magazine, The Exposi- house headquarters for them. This tion Herald is being published, with a gentleman-Ali Enver Bey, of Contotal circulation of 500,000 copies. stantinople, an accomplished linguist- Scenes of Eastern life will be repro- says that the Chicago Turks came duced, lectures will be given, and in over before the recent Turkish revoluevery way the great educational spec- tion, and know little or nothing about tacle promises to be as great a success recent events in their fatherland. He as that in Crystal Palace, London, a hopes to instruct and inspire them and few years ago. Thousands of people make them adherents to the new order are already planning to be in Boston of things. The Turks, if not total abduring the weeks of the exposition.

A Japanese Home Missionary stainers, are very moderate (as re- An interesting departure in mission quired by the Koran) in their use of work has recently been undertaken in liquors, and they wish it to be known the diocese of Montana. Mr. Paul that they admire and love America, Tajima, a Japanese who came to this and intertwine the Stars and Stripes country some years ago to learn Eng- with the ensign of Turkey. Baptists and Free Baptists Uniting sold or given away. Mormon tracts and papers given away footed up For six years there has been much 1,791,694, while 37,210 Mormon agitation of the union of Baptists and meetings were held which were open Free Baptists, and committees have to the public. had the matter under careful consideration. Finally, at the recent general How Methodist Money is Divided conference of Free Baptists held at Ocean Park, Me., the plans for union At the recent annual meeting of the were adopted by a four-fifths majo- committee on foreign missions held in rity, representing a still larger vote of Baltimore more than one million dolthe denomination at large, in the State lars were appropriated to the various organizations and the churches. The funds and missions for the current Free Baptists have thus authorized the year. entire transfer of the property of the denomination to the Northern Baptist India, with her seven conferences Convention, but this transfer wiIl not and special needs, secured the largest be made hastily. The first step will amount, $191,256. be the handing over of the Free Baptist missionary work to the home and China, with her five conferences and foreign missionary societies of the special workers, $163,8I9. Baptists. The latter will carryon Free Baptist missions just as they have Germany, Switzerland, Norway, been carried on, but, of course, the Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Russia, charge for administrative machinery Bulgaria, Italy, Austria and France, will be much less. $ 169,839.

Mormon Missions South America, $100,860. Japan, $65,061. The Horne Mission Monthly of the Mexico, $60.496. Presbyterian Church prints in the Oc- Malaysia, $49,528. tober issue sorne interesting statistics Africa, $47,269. of Mormon missions gathered from Korea, $39,922. Mormon sources. The authorities of For the support of the missionary the Church of the Latter-day Saints bishops, secretaries, disabled workers, have divided the United States into various emergencies, and vast inseven missions, with headquarters at cidental demands, $226,750. N ew York, Chattanooga, Chicago, In- Total, $I,II4,8oo. dependence (Missouri), Denver, Portland (Oregon), and San Francisco. EUROPE-GREAT BRITAIN Each of these missions has its officers, and each is in turn subdivided into Christian Unity in Great Britain? conferences with their officers, headquarters and working force usually "Christian Unity" is in the air, and serving about two years without the legislative bodies of the Congresalary, friends sending money for gational Church and the Protestant their expenses. The number of mis- Episcopalian in this country have both sionaries is not given, but a summary recently spoken officially in its adof work done last year is as follows: vocacy and for its promotion. It The number of families visited in the seems to be a live subject also over in house-to-house work was 998,363. Of England. The Archbishop of York these, 307,743 were visited a second has urged-it might seem with some time and were reported "hopeful." note of condescension-that the Non- Talks were reported with 850,658 in- conformists must not be thought of dividuals, in which the Mormon doc- "as if they were merely Christians in trines were advocated. Mormon misfortune." Rather they must be apbooks to the number of 162,696 were proached "as Christians who have been called, here in England, as well as elsewhere, to make a very special, strong, and fruitful witness to the faith of Jesus Christ."-Western Christian Advocate. Student. A.tir for Mi••ion. were I 2,964, during the period since Woolwich Free Churchmen have re- that crisis the number baptized has cently been wonderfully stirred by the been 20,741, making a total of 33,075.

presence of some sixty-five student A Quarterly Review on I.laDl missionary campaigners in their midst. In response to interest manifested The campaigners came from the at the Edinburgh Conference, and various London colleges, the large ma- reading the signs of the times through- jority being theological students. out the world of Islam, a new review Seven denominations and six na- is to be issued January I, 19I1, with tionalities were represented. The Dr. Samuel M. Zwemer as editor and campaign was organized by the Stu- Rev. W. H. T. Gairdner, of Cairo, dent Christian Movement, and the Dr. Johannes Lepsius, of Potsdam, Young People's Missionary Move- and other students of Islam as asso- ment. The aim of the campaign was ciates. Under the title The Moslem to advocate a definite missionary World, this quarterly will aim to set policy for the churches, and also to forth the nature and devolopment of encourage missionary study and that Islam and the missionary problems it method of study known as the study- presents. The interpretation of Mos- circle method. The campaign com- lem life and thought, reviews of the menced on a Sunday, the students oc- current literature on its subject, re- cupying the pulpits of the thirty-two ports of religious and political move- Free churches in Woolwich. Con- ments in Islam, together with mission- ferences of Sunday-school teachers ary news and correspondence, will fill were held, and Brotherhoods were ad- out its pages. For the subscription drest. The Christian Endeavor and price, etc., of the review, address Gild meetings were given up to the the Nile Mission Press, care of the students on the week nights. Demon- Christian Literature Society for In- stration study-circles were also held dia, 35 John Street, Bedford Row, in various centers. London, W. C.

China Inland Mission to Date To Honor Livingstone This society keeps in the field a The centenary of the birth of David band of 928 missionaries, locatetl at Livingstone will be celebrated in 1913, 210 central stations. The demand for and in view of the fact that the famous laborers is increasing, and during the missionary was a student at Charing year 38 new workers joined the mis- Cross Hospital before he took his medsion, 27 of whom were women. There ical degree, the committee on that in- stitution have decided to inauguseems almost a: dearth of men workers, rate a Livingstone Centenary Million Shilling Fund to enable them to reand altho so many joined the ranks, open the wards which are closed the net increase in the number of owing to want of money. In this conworkers is but small, for 10 passed to nection the fact is being recalled that their reward during the year, and 23 Livingstone once wrote: "It was with were permanently invalided home. unfeigned delight I became a member The total income of the mission WaS of a profession which is preeminently $373,733, which is a decrease as com- devoted to practical benevolence and pared with last year, owing to the which with unwearied energy pursues diminution in funds received from from age to age its endeavors to lessen special legacies. The schools of the human wo." mission are happily, through the operation of a sliding scale, becoming year THE CONTINENT by year self-supporting. The growth of the work is gratifyingly seen in the The Paris Flood and MeAIl Mi..;onl fact that, whereas during the thirty- One of the results of the flood in five years preceding the Boxer upris- Paris is a changed attitude toward the'

ing the number of persons baptized McAll missions, we are told. Where there was at best only a sullen per- In certain places one priest must take mission to hold the services, there is charge of three parishes, and the out- now a cordial appreciation of the good look for the future is even darker. In work done in the time of sore need. 1909 we ordained only nine priests.

In several of the McAll halls, soup In our chief seminary we have but kitchens were established, where many twenty-eight pupils. Our families no were kept from actual starvation. longer will give their children to the Especially is this change of mind priesthood. Go into the cottage, the noticed at Ivry, where the mayor cele- workshop, the saloon, and listen to brates "civil baptisms" once a month, what they say! The cassock is out of at which time the parents promise that style. It is no longer good form to their children shall not receive any wear it!"

kind of religious instruction. The re- The P etit Temps declares that in ligious attitude of the' community may many dioceses the finances are falling be inferred from this institution. The into a bad state. The temporary sub- council now seems to be willing to aid sidies paid by the State have now the missions as a result of the prac- ceased. The Bishop of Mons says: tical aid furnished at the hall. "Parish after parish is threatened with Moravian Missions the loss of its cure. The payments of church dues are diminishing. We can The annual report of Moravian Mis- not look into the future without unsions appears in the Periodical Ac- easiness." The Bishop of Langres decounts recently published. In the 14 clares that "last year's contributions mission provinces the number of bap- feU short of the amount needed for tisms from among the heathen last the clergy's support." In the diocese year was 582, and the number con- of Albi, in spite of the fact that Archfirmed was 1,788. This is the highest bishop Mignot has renounced all safigure on record, and the figure for lary, it has been necessary to cut down the number of scholars in mission salaries 12 per cent. from the former schools, 30,660, is also the highest government standard-and this was a ' on record. The total of European miserable pittance of but $150 to $r60 and American missionaries at work per year for a curate or vicar-to is 375, of whom 150 are ordained. suppress large numbers of vicari- The number of principal stations is ates, and to double up parishes. Similar statements can be multiplied 151, and the baptized membership indefinitely.

amounts to 35,139. The total disburse- Church and State in Spain ments last year reached iI07,796, and there was iII,929 of a deficiency on According to a report of the Amer- the year's account.

Roman CathoJicism in France ican Board, the Spanish peninsula contains less than 5,000 Protestant In the incessant war between Church Christians, As The Westminster says: and State which has gone on in France "Once their rights or wrongs would during the past twenty years, the have been treated with the same instrength of the Church seems to be difference, but now a change has wearing down. The Bishop of Car- come. Spain has been aroused to the cassone says: fact that Church and State must be separate in administration and func- "We are running short of priests.

We can not fill the gaps which sick- tional spheres. The Vatican can make ness and death make. Already to the the law for the one, but not for the fifty-six out-stations regularly at- other. The Pope is still head of the tached to the mother Churches of our Church for the Catholics and will be; diocese we have had to add fifty par- but is no longer head of the civil govrishes which have no longer a resi- ernment. For this the King, the dent priest. In some of these we hold premier and the cortes are responoccasional services; the rest have none. sible, and these associated powers do

not mean longer to shape their acts by nent refuge in Germany. But this has the dictum of Pope or cardinals. The led rather to an increase of the desire religious orders of the Protestants of the Society to extend its work have their rights, and Spain intends among the Turks. The Mohammeto accord them." dan Seminary for the preparation of missionaries to the Moslem has been Women's Work in Germany opened in Potsdam and the two con- verted Mollahs, Pastor Awetaranian, The American consul-general at and Director Lepsius, the son of the Dresden furnishes a remarkable report famous Egyptologist Lepsius, are preon the increase of female workers in paring for a more aggressive cam- Germany. From 1895 to 1907 the paign, chiefly through the instrumennumber of male workers in Germany tality of suitable Christian literature increased 19.85 per cent., and the among the Turks. To enable them to female 56.59 per cent. In 1907 the do this Dr. Roemer, who has been in number of working-women was 8,- charge of the Gossner Missionary 243,493, . against 5,264,393 in ISg5. Society during the last nine years, has Nearly one-third of the economical been called to become director of the activity in the German Empire rests German Orient Mission and entered to-day on feminine shoulders. upon his new duties in October.

In music, theaters and playhouses The German Orient Mission has the number of women has grown from been reorganized, so that an Execu- 10,369 to 22,902, in hygiene and nurs- tive Committee has full charge of all ing from 75.,327 to 129,197, and in business. Dr. Lepsius has been elected the service of the Church and in the first president of the Mission, while missions from 11,378 to 21,453. Au- Mr. Hennings of Potsdam remains its thoresses and journalists increased treasurer. The income of the Mission from 410 to 892) the latter having increased 117.6 per cent. for 1909 was about $37,500, of which almost $3,000 were contributed by its Reorganization of the German Orient sta60ns in Turkey, Persia and Russia. Minion The monthly magazine Der Christ- The German Orient Mission was fiche Orient und die Muhammedaner organized in 1895, chiefly for the pur- Mission is a very valuable and readpose of preaching the Gospel to Mo- able paper. hammedans in Turkey, Persia, and Bulgaria. Soon, however, it engaged German Medical Missions in medical missionary and industrial work among the Oriental Churches, Slowly but visibly the cause of medprovided orphanages for the chiIdren ical missions is progressing in Gerof the Armenians who perished in the many. The German Training Inmassacres, and finally cooperated to stitute for Medical Missionaries, a certain extent with the Stundists in which was opened in October, 1909, Russia. Providentially it has now been is able to report that it has entered directed to more aggressive missionary upon its second year with a largely effort among the Mohammedans in increased number of pupils (24 in Turkey. Its printing-press at Philippopel is issuing the translation of the J909, 32 in 1910). Of the 20 students New Testament into Kashgar and of medicine now in the institute, 10 publishes the weekly paper Gunesh, have declared their decision to become edited by Pastor Awetaranian in the medical missionaries immediately af- Turkish language. Two prominent ter their graduation. What an in- Turkish Mollahs have been converted crease to the German medical misand baptized. They and the mission- sionary force this will mean becomes ary, Pastor A wetaranian, were in stlch clear from the fact that all missionary danger of death that they were forced societies of Gcmany and Switzerland to leave Turkey, and seek a perma- together have only 18 physicians in the field now. At the annual meeting plans were

19I1 ] GENERAL MISSIONARY

perfected to erect during the spring of will permit. The spirit shown by 19]] a hospital for the treatment of members of Parliament promises gentropical diseases, whose chief purpose erous grants in the future. shall be to give a resting-place to missionaries who return worn out and Turkish Women Coming tQ Their Owu sick from their unhealthful fields of labor. The lot for the hospital has Misr-el-Fatat, a Mohammedan pabeen acquired and is paid for. Dr. per published in Egypt, a short time Fiebig, the director of the institute, is ago, contained a lengthy article on the suffering froin a nervous ailment, so question of what kind of an education that he has been obliged to hand in girls need. his resignation, which is to take effect on October I, 191I. I. The teachers of Mohammedan girls must be of Turkish or Egyptian At a meeting of representatives of descent, because European teachers the eleven German societies for med- cause their pupils to lose their national ical missions, which was held in loyalty. Frankfort-on-the-Main, it was resolved to publish an appeal to the 2. Male teachers of girls must be pupils of the upper grades of higher at least 50 years old. schools, to the students of medicine in the universities, and to other circles, 4. Girls should enter the schools for the purpose of gaining more men when five years old and leave at the and larger means for medical mission- age of II or 12. Five years of school ary work. are sufficient for the education of any girl. ASIA-MOSLEM LANDS S. Girls must wear national dress Turkey to Have Public Schools in school.

The new nationalism in Turkey, as 6. The rudiments of arithmetic are fostered by the Young Turkish party, sufficient for home-life. includes the modern school system. Mahmoud Bey, Inspector-General of 7. Geography is unnecessary, be- Public Instruction, says there will cause when a woman travels she is be about 65,000 elementary public under the care of her husband or a schools in operation throughout the male relative. Turkish Empire before the end of the current year, and that number will be 8. .Egyptian girls must read the increased as rapidly as possible. The biographies of Arabian women, who greatest difficulty is to get teachers. excel especially in modesty and hu- Indeed, that is the only obstacle to the mility. extension of the system. Mahmoud Bey says the inhabitants of the 9. Girls must read all passages of various provinces are "crazy" for the Koran and all the precepts of the schools, and are· willing to pay any Prophet referring to women. amount of taxes within their power to secure them. But there are no IO. Girls must learn house-work, teachers to be had. Already Par- cooking, washing, and similar things. liament has appropriated $4,300,000 for the current year for education, of Euphrates College which one-sixth will be paid to private schools and the remainder will be al- This is the only college in Armenia. lotted to public educational institutions and the free public schools n has about 225 students in its four throughout the empire. It is expected that this amount will be increased college classes and 600 more in the gradually year by year as the revenues preparatory department. Half the students are girls, and tho the cus- toms of the country prevent coeduca- tion, the work done for both sexes is similar. The college is so far pre- dominantly Armenian in its make-up. Its students have been almost exclu- sively of that race. Its faculty of 45 professors and instructors includes but 6 Americans; one-half the teachers are women. The demand for the gradu- ates in the new undertakings of Tur-

key is unprecedented; their influence confest Christ and the Mohammedan .and serviceableness are not confined priests came together in my village to to their own race; they bless the whole confute my testimony, one of them land and are the real missionaries to struck me in the face with all his Turkey, with doors of opportunity strength. At that moment my heart opening wide before them. The value said: 'There is a proof that Jesus of the college in these new times is has accepted you, for He has ac- beyond measure. counted you worthy to suffer shame Some Moslem Hearts Teuched for His name.' Before my inner eyes there rose up plainly written the let- A missionary of the American ters of Acts 4 :4, and this gave me Board writes: "We have in Aintab, such a rapture of joy as I had never within one and a half-day's journey known or experienced in any way up from the hospital, at least 1,200 purely to that time. I said: 'If a blow can Mohammedan villages where nothing make me partake of such heavenly dehas ever been done in the way of lights, how great would be the bliss of evangelistic work. We have had pa- dying for the Lord Jesus.' From that tients probably from half of these vil- time death lost all significance for me. lages in the hospital, and Dr. Shepard My only wish was to preach the gospel declared he knew he should meet a to Mohammedans." warm welcome if he could go out among them. Aintab, for instance, The Danish Church and Arabia needs a sufficient staff to enable one The Rev. Dr. Zwemer writes in man to be all the time in the field as a Neglected Arabia, the organ of the touring evangelist. There is no in- American Mlssion to Arabia: "In 1902 difference to religious matters on the Mr. Olaf Hoyer, a young Danish mispart of the Turks. Dr. Shepard has sionary, preparing for work among had special opportunity to come in the Moslems at Jerusalem, happened touch with Turks, officials as well as to read an article in the MISSIONARY military men, and has talked with REVIEW, appealing for the neglected many of them freely on religious mat- province of Hadramaut, South Arabia. ters; and he affirms confidently that The result was that he himself went the field is open to us." to Aden and visited Makallah on the From Mohammed to Christ south coast. Friends in Denmark fol- The converted Mohammedan priest, lowed the enterprise with prayer, and Johannes Awetaranian, in relating his this led to the organization of the Dareligious experiences at the recent mis- nish Arabian Mission, at present cosionary conference in Halle, said: operating with the mission of the Uni- "When I came twelve years ago from ted Free Church of Scotland at Aden, Kashgar to Germany to seek to inter- but with plans for the interior, and est Christians in the Mohammedan with their hearts still set on the un- occupied southern province. mission, my experience was that it is more -difficult to make a Christian be- INDIA lieve in the possibility of such missions Testimony of a Hindu Judge than it is to convert a Moslem to the truth. People say that one can not In a recent letter, Rev. Principal convert Moslems, because apostasy for Mackichan, of Bombay, writes: "In such means death. Let me tell you my illustration of the testimony borne experience. After I had learned by many speakers at the recent meet- through the gospel to know my true ings of the WorId Missionary Con- Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ, nation- ference with reference to the leavening ality, honors, life, ancestry lost all process that has been long at work the value which, up to that time, they among the educated classes in India, had had for me. The truth alone be- the following extract from an address came my aim and goal. When I first delivered in Bombay a few weeks ago

MISSIONARY

by the Hon. Sir Narayan G. Chan- Yet their very existence is almost ig- davar Kar will be read with interest. nored in discussions of the wants and "In a lecture delivered before the demands of the Indian people. In Young Men's Christian Association in many parts of India their lot is still Bombay, and reported in the Times a miserable one and they are treated of India, he spoke as follows: 'I with great harshness. In some sec- should like to say at the outs~t that tions they are virtually serfs of their it is not an easy thing for me to stand masters, and are subject to humiliat- on this platform and address a Chris- ing and hindering restrictions. A few tian audience, and yet I am glad to do leaders of the national movement have so, for the Young Men's Christian frankly recognized that the position Association has a warm place in my of the outcaste is a disgrace to Hindu affections, for the reason that I recall society and a fatal obstacle to social so well the example and teaching of progress. The only class which so far Rev. Duncan Macpherson, to whom has attempted to deal fairly with the this association owes so much. There outcaste and to defend him from op- may be much talk about a truly spir- pression is the British official but the itual religion, about the ties of human only ones to give him the right hand brotherhood, about measures for re- of brotherhood and seek his social and ligious and social reform, and so on; moral betterment are Christian mis- but the great curse of our country is sionaries.

that we say and do not-we make By the protection of the Govern- great professions, but do nothing prac- ment and the efforts of the mission- tical to remedy the evils that we pre- aries, the lot of pariahs is steadily im- tend to deplore. Let me tell you what proving. The response of these peo- I consider the greatest miracle of the ple to the efforts of the missionaries present day; it is this: that to this has now become very marked. In great country, with its over 300,000,- many parts of India, especially in the 000 of people, there should come from south, mass movements toward Chris- a little island many thousand miles dis- tianity have come among the outcastes tant from our shores, and with a popu- during the last generation, and these lation of from fifty to sixty millions, movements are gaining in strength a message so full of spiritual life and every year. In Telegu country some strength as the Gospel of Christ. This 250,000 outcastes have become Chris- surely is a miracle if ever there was tians during the last forty years, and one.' "-London Christian. 100,000 more in the native State of A Ma.. Movement in India Travancore. Bishop Whitehead thinks it hardly rash to prophesy that in the Bisbop Whitehead of Madras, in the next century some 30,000,000 or more Nineteenth Century speaks hopefully of the outcastes of India will be of the future of the low castes under gathered into the Christian Church, the influence of Christian missionaries. which will mean a social revolution.

His conclusion coincides with state- Pushing Sunday-school Work ments made by Dr. J. P. Jones and Mr. George Sherwood Eddy and other The Sunday-school Union has in missionaries to the effect that a real India a membership of 458,945, being mass movement has set in toward an increase of 37,866 on the previous Christianity. Ninety-five per cent. of year. The union stands for the very the people of India live in village dis- best in Bible instruction, equipment tricts and only five per cent. of the and management. It publishes IO,O<X>,- whoie population can either read or 000 English and vernacular pages of write. The real need is in the vil- Scripture illustrated expositions, near- lages. The outcastes form about a ly all of which are based on the inter- sixth of this village population of national syllabus. To meet the needs India, and number about 50,000,000. of Sunday-schools in 50 languages there are about 50 editions of "helps" tainly those of the artistic tempera- in 20 languages. A prominent feature ment. For a Buddhist sovereign, his of the union is that it stands for sal- training has been paradoxical. He vation through Jesus Christ, and received his education in England. membership in the church to which His biography reads like that of the the school belongs. eldest son of some peer of Great Britain, suggesting, indeed, anything Presbyterian Progress but the Orient.~Current Literature.

Missionary Wm. H. Hannum, of The new king is, like his father, Vengurle, writes: "A statistical re- much interested with work of the port of the Presbyterian Church in Presbyterian missions, and has shown India for 1909 illustrates the progress that he is ready to help their work by of the various Christian bodies. This his personal influence and contribuchurch was formed in 1904 by the tions. He feels his people's indebtedorganic union of seven denominations ness to the medical and educational of the Presbyterian order. There is work of the missionaries. now a general assembly, comprizing under it 5 synods, 14 presbyteries, and CHINA 178 churches, 1I2 of the churches being fully organized. Baptisms of Concerning Chinese Students the year, 4,743; those of adults being 2,410. Contributions, 45,000 rupees The 4,000 Chinese students, at (over $15,000), an average of over present in Japanese schools, come $1.00 apiece. The communicants now from every part of the empire, even number 14,423; baptized persons, the Mongolian steppes. Many of 47,846; total persons enrolled, 52,494; these are young men of great promise. Sunday-schools, 648; teachers, 1,281; One is described in the Church Misministers, 230." sionary Review, who took his Chinese examinations at fifteen and now at The New King of Siam the age of twenty-one is proficient in chemistry, physics, mathematics, Eng- As the only remaining independent lish and German and is studying sovereign of a purely Buddhist land, Greek and Latin at the University of his Majesty, Chowfa Maha Vaji- Tokyo. The missionary whom he is ravudh, who has succeeded to the serving as secretary says that he often throne of Siam, is the object of the learns thirty pages of Chinese classics worshipful deference of millions of in a day and in this way has literally Asiatics. Not even the ruler of Japan memorized some 150 books. The bears title more gloriously nor can his ablest of all of these Chinese students divine attributes be forfeited through is an earnest Christian and active in the medium of any such humiliation as Y. M. C. A. work. Some 200 Chiwas so recently inflicted upon the nese young women are also studying Dalai Llama of Tibet. His Siamese in Tokyo. Majesty enjoys a sovereignity that remains territorial over the fertile valley In this connection it is interesting to of the Menam but is indisputably note that among those converted in spiritual in the sanctions it possesses the recent revival meetings in Chinese for the pious. "Most divine master of colleges is the son of the managing immortal souls," to quote one designa- director of two of the leading railtion in his excessively long official ways in China. His three sisters in title, the young King of Siam-to be school in Peking have also been concrowned with a hundred and one verted. A young man in Tientsin golden diadems-is to the faithful from a very wealthy Hunan family, "sovereign god of the nine kinds of who has been a devout seeker after gods." the truth and who recently subscribed $12,000 to the building fund of the His essential characteristics are cer- Y. M. C. A. in that city, has also joined the Christian Church. No less

I9II1 GENERAL MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE 7I

than fifty-five students in the Anglo- urges his fellow missionaries to recog- Chinese college in Tientsin have been nize this as "a good symptom." converted, and in the Methodist college some seventy men have pledged A wakening in Chinese Villages their lives to the Christian ministry. Some of the remarkable openings Wide-spread Unrest in villages of South China are thus re- ferred to by Miss A. M. Jones: One of the oldest and most conservative missionaries, writing of the con- "P'ik-t'aam is situated in a rathel ditions in China, says: "There is a high valley in the hills. The whole great deal of unrest throughout China, village has asked to be received into and at present the rains in this region the Faith-men, women and children, threaten the crops, and a failure again in all over 200. As far as we can this year would threaten the peace of judge, they are real and earnest in the empire. The emperor and the their desire to worship the one true imperial clan seem to distrust and God. They have given us the ancesdread the officials, and the officials dis- tral hall for a chapel, and have contrust and dread the people, and the tributed fifty dollars to do it up; and people are ready to rise and wreak Pastor Mok told me this was really vengeance on the officials for all the all they could do, they are so very wrongs they have endured for many poor. At Kong-p'i-t'au, a small villong years. The timber is all dry, and lage on the Lo-a-shaan side of the if only the spark is applied the whole river, the whole village has asked for imperial Tatar fabric will burn to baptism, and the people have given us ashes." the ancestral hall for a chapel. As I sat teaching the women and children Churches Dislike Foreign Rule the Commandments, 'Thou shalt have none other gods but me,' 'Thou shalt An article, entitled "Chinese Church not make to thyself any graven image,' Self-government," appears this month the women eagerly broke in and told in the Chronicle of the London Mis- me 'they had no idols; they had de- stroyed them all and the i"censesionary Society. Its author, Rev. J. burners.' The wood and paper idols were made into a bonfire and burned, Macgowan, has just left China after and the stone ones drowned-cast more than fifty years' work in Amoy, into the water." Miss Jones tells of during which period the small church other villages where there are numbers of between two and three hundred has of hopeful inquirers-including Naamincreased to 9,000. Mr. Macgowan pok, where more than roo persons are refers at some length to the effect that asking for baptisll1.-London Christhe new patriotism, recently reborn in tian. China, has had upon the churches. "In common with their non-Christian Anti-gambling Movement countrymen, they (the Christians) firmly believe that they have men who It has been said China is a land are quite capable of governing China, of gamblers; not because they are natand that the interference of the for- urally more vicious than other men, eigner in its politics should be sternly but because they are without literaforbidden. They have, however, ad- ture of the attractive, popular sort and vanced a step farther, and they are be- have no means'of enjoying themselves binning to show most unmistakably without dissipation. To offset this and distinctly that they desire to take tendency, the Y. M. C. A. and other charge of their own church life, and Christian organizations are planning while quite willing to look upon the for instruction and example to the peomissionary as a friend and one who ple how to have recreation without can give valuable advice when re- vice. At one of these a Chinese Roquired, they do not wish him to have man Catholic teacher gave a violin charge over them, as he has been ac- solo, a Chinese secretary of the Y. M. customed to do." Mr. Macgowan

C. A. rendered two cornet solos, and itself tend to the upbuilding of a a Protestant missionary sang to the Christian Church, but it can not be gathering. The whole meeting was too strenuously asserted that where conducted in so orderly and orthodox educational work is begun and carried a fashion that it was scarcely possible on in direct connection· with church to realize how tremendous a reforma- work and under the impulse of evantion in the whole Chinese outlook gelism, the result is always an enorupon public life this meeting revealed. mous strengthening of the Church of Twenty years, even ten, years ago Christ with which it is connected.

such a meeting would not have been KOREA within the realm of possibility. To-day we have a class of public moralists The Gospel Still Making Progre..

arising who have undoubtedly learned The Korean Presbytery recently . from Christianity in their midst the held its fourth annual meeting. One of the most significant features con- ideals which they are desirous of im- nected with the work is the fact that pressing upon their countrymen."- the missionary spirit glow§ in the Mr. BRITTON, in Christian World.

What China Needs Most hearts of the converts. Pastor Choi was ordained and sent by the Koreans It seems, from a perusal of Far to Vladivostok a year ago. He was Eastern missionary magazines, that anxious to return to his field again for the missionaries on the spot, in China next year, but it was feared that the and Japan, are more awake to the money could not be secured for this urgency and wide-spread opportunity purpose. But when he thrilled his of evangelistic work than the majority audience of I,200 men with the story of missionary supporters at home. of his great work, the audience of "What is China's most urgent need?" natives volunteered to raise the money writes a Canton missionary. And he for his support, and he and his family proceeds, "I venture to say that the will be returned with an ordained reply of nine missionaries out of ten evangelist to assist him. There is now would be, 'China's most pressing a total Christian constituency in the need, from an evangelistic standpoint, Korean Presbytery of I 40,470, altho is a large body of trained native only 39,394 are actual communicants preachers.' " And he adds, "The evan- of the church. These Christians congelistic standpoint is the true point tributed last year to missions,· $I7,- from which to make a survey of these 538.99; to schools, $33,824.96; to hundreds of millions in 'waterless miscellaneous purposes, $3I,759.06; a places.' " total of $83,I23.01.

Says the Chinese Recorder: "There Conditions in One City are fields of missionary labor where tremendous and apparently successful In Pingyang, a city of about 50,000, educational institutions are existing there are five separate Presbyterian side by side with a weak and strug- churches and one Methodist, and all gling Christian Church. Such a con- of them cvrowded to overflowing.

dition of affairs is the reverse of ad- Several of them have to have separate mirable. In general it would seem meetings for the inen and women be- that unless special circumstances can cause of the crowds. There are several for unique enterprises, missionary Sunday-schools in church buildings policy ought to be directed toward the holding several hundred or a thousand establishment of educational work in people of women only. In the after- connection with existing church or- noon it was threatening rain, but a ganizations, and evangelistic enter- congregation of seven or eight hun- prise should be placed from the very dred men and women gathered at the beginning in the forefront of institu- "Central Church," and at the Fifth tional service. Education does not of Church, which has just hived off from the Central, was a congregation of Last Year the Best Year nearly the same number. There are about 5,000 people in Pingyang who A message has been received from go to chUI ch on Sundays. All six of the Presbyterian missionaries in Korea the churches support their own pa~­ stating that the past year, ending Septors and assistants and pay all of their tember I, has been the best year of own expenses. The Central Church their work in that country. During will seat 1,200 people. The Methodist the twelve months ending with that Church looks larger. The Fifth date, there were baptized and received Church has no building as yet, and is into full communion 2,010 persons. In using the Seminary building tem- addition to those who were baptized, porarily. The worshipers number over 3,500 were received in the cateabout 1,000. The Third Church seats chumen classes last year, and while about 400, and the Fourth about 500. many of these gave evidence of genu- ine conversion, it was thought best First Korean Summer Conference by the mission to withhold baptism until they could be instructed for a It was held on Pook Han, a rugged year or more. This means that 5,500 mountain rising 2,300 feet above the persons definitely sought knowledge walls of Seoul. Its far side is cut by a of Christ, and the greater number of number of canons, and in one of these these have been saved so far as huis a delightful grove, surrounding a man judgment can decide. royal tomb. A considerable stream of water flows through the canon and JAPAN affords bathing facilities. In one of the largest Buddhist monasteries the A Strange Phenomenon in Eastern Asia first conference was held of the Christian Student Movement of Korea. The Chinese Recorder calls atten- Sixty-two delegates, including the tion to the marked differences which speakers, were present from ten dif- follow the proclamation of the gospel ferent schools. It being the first con- in the three neighbor nations of the ference of the kind in Korea, the lead- Far East. "To reach the upper ers were desirous of restricting the at- classes and to evangelize the large tendance to thirty-five or forty, and cities seems to have been the work of thus make it possible so to direct the the various Japanese missions from details of the daily life and program the beginning. While nineteen cities as to establish customs that should in western Japan are occupied by misprevail in future conferences. From sionaries, out of 3,756 villages only 21 this latter standpoint, and from the have any Christian work, and the spiritual point of view, this first Stu- great burden resting on the Church dent Conference in Korea was a snc- of Japan is, How to reach this mulcess. The sight of young men study- titude of the common people, who ing their Bibles or on their knees in seem so difficult to win over than are prayer in distant parts of the grove or the higher classes." on the mountain, the general adoption of the Morning Watch, and the quiet In Korea, Japan's near neighbor, announcement of twenty-two different where we should suppose similar conmen, on the last evening, that they ditions and similar results would be had decided to consecrate their lives found, the direct opposite is the case. to Christian service, constituted the The common people are pressing strongest kind of visible proof that the eagerly into the kingdom, while not aim of the gathering was being se- many mighty, not many noble are cured. Among this group, six men called. And, further, while it is most definitely determined to become pas- difficult to get a converted Japanese tors, one a doctor and one a teacher. to preach the gospel to his friends and -Student World. neighbors, in Korea nearly every con- vert seems immediately to become a seeker after souls.

Entering China we shall discover

that hitherto missionary work has aries and 64 local ministers, with seemed to prosper more among the 26,000 members. The note of triumph common people and among the rural is a loud and sweet one, and there is population, and in no other mission ample evidence that the Gospel of field has it been so difficult for an Christ has not lost any of its power in official, or one of the upper classes, to the salvation of souls. But there is, become a pronounced Christian. alas, a sad note also: the harvest is How Christianity Spreads waiting, for the laborers are few; the stations are undermanned, and con- It is now frequently remarked that sequently there are peculiar difficulin the Japanese newspapers the words ties. of Jewish prophets and of Christ are often quoted. According to Kanzo Light and Darkness on the Kongo Uchimura there are very many Christians in Japan who are not converts The appeal of the heathen world of any mission, who in their family for Christ is most path(Otically porlife live as Christians, but who do not trayed by Rev. J. O. Reavis, coordi- nate secretary of foreign missions, think it necessary that religious per- who visited our African mission on sons should organize into churches. the Kongo last summer. Dr. Reavis says: "Almost daily groups of people "We go to Jesus of Nazareth directly from distant villages come to Luebo and aim to live and be made like and Ibanj to plead that a teacher of Him," he adds. God be sent to the people dwelling in darkness in their heathen villages. AFRICA One deputation that had walked about Egyptian Darkness Passing The converts of the United Pres- ISO miles came while I was at Luebo byterian mission in Egypt number and told Mr. Martin that they had 20,000, and among them are 43 or- built a church in their village with the dained Egyptians, besides numbers of hope of securing some one to teach native helpers, teachers and colpor- them the way of life. They had teurs. In the town of Asyut there are waited and waited. Now the church 2,200 young people in the higher had rotted down and no messenger schools of the mission. Tho the bap- had come to their relief. So they had tized Mohammedans have not ex- come to Luebo to make a last plea and ceeded 160, an influence favorable to to know if there was any hope for the gospel is being exercised on the them, signifying their willingness to Mohammedan popUlation through the build another church if only a teacher hospitals, the schools and the visita- could be sent to tell them of the Lord tion of the harems. It is pleasant to Jesus Christ." From another distant recall the fact that so wisely and village messengers came pleading for thoroughly does this company of a teacher.-Presbyterian of the South.

workers occupy the Nile valley, that it Is Britain a Hindrance? has no rival and is known as the American mission. One would have supposed Great Britain was past such opposition to The Call of West Africa mission work as is reported from the In a contribution to the Foreign African field. The Baptist Foreign Field, Rev. J. Delaney Russell gives a Board some time since appointed a gratifying record of progress and suc- commission to inquire into conditions cess in West Africa. The region, he in the Sudan. This commission has says, is "divided Methodistically" into now returned, and makes its report.

three districts, which together cover It declares that the opposition of the an area of about 200,000 square miles, British Government toward any with a population of about 5,000,000, church entering the field, together speaking 16 languages. For this field with the antagonistic attitude of Bel- there are 24 men and women mission- gium toward all mission work, makes

MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE

11lisSlOnary effort in the Sudan espe- So it was not merely the value which cially difficult. Besides these two they thought of, but their associations European powers, the Mohammedan with God's Word." also is filled with rage toward Chris- tians engaging in mission work. The Situation in Uganda Religious Liberty in Madagascar The following summary will have a deep interest for multitudes whose For several years past the represen- hearts have been stirred by accounts tatives of the Anglican, Protestant, of the doing of the Lord in that re- and Roman Catholic missions in gion: All the countries in the king- Madagascar have constantly and justly dom of Uganda have been occupied complained that their work has been by British missionaries or Baganda hindered by the French Governor- clergy. There are training-classes for General of the island, who has shut up men and women teachers and a nora large proportion of the mission mal class at Mengo, the native capital, schools, and has refused permission and training classes at many other sta- for new churches to be built or for na- tions. The schools include the king's tive congregations to assemble for school, an intermediate boys' school at worship even in private houses. All Budo, and a high-school at Mengo, who are interested in the maintenance both of them for the sons of chiefs of religious liberty will welcome the and for others who can pay the fees; statements made by the newly ap- a girls' boarding school at Gayaza, and pointed Governor, M. Piquie, who has a considerable number of elementary publicly declared that he is anxious schools. At Mengo there is also a hos- "to maintain the policy of toleration pital, to which several dispensaries are in religious matters." Should the affiliated. policy previously adopted of interfering with the religious beliefs of the The pastoral care of the 69,000 people be abandoned, and the Mal- Christians in the mission is shared by agasy be left free to provide for the European missionaries and Baganda religious instruction of their own and Batoro clergy. All the native children and for their common wor- clergy and lay teachers, who now numship, it is probable that there will be ber 3I and 2,046, respectively, have ala rapid spread of the Christian faith ways been entirely supported by the throughout the island. contributions of the people, but re- cently a number of evangelists have Malagasy Love for the Bible been sent by the bishop to the Bukedi country, who are supported from Archdeacon Cornish, of the S. P. G. money voted to the diocese by the mission in Madagascar, writes: "In committee who distributed the unalvisiting the Christian families in the lotted portion of the Pan-Anglican Ramainandro district-where the anti- thank-offering. Throughout the mis- Christian party destroyed all the sion, evangelistic work is largely in the churches during the rebellion a dozen hands of native teachers superintended years ago-I have noticed that their by European missionaries. The staff Bibles bear dates anterior to the trou- of the mission consists, besides Bishop bles; tho I know that most of them Tucker, of 38 European clergy, 4 doclost all they had at that time, and had tors, 9 other laymen, 34 missionaries' their houses burned, too. On asking wives, ,and 27 other women missionhow they came to have saved their aries. Eight of the women are trained Bibles and very little else, I got the nurses. same answer in almost every case: 'Ny Baiboliko va avelako 170 very?' ISLANDS OF THE SEA (i.e., Would I let my Bible be lost?). N ow they knew that through the Missions Prospering in the Philippines generosity of the Bible Society they could get a new Bible for a shilling. Missionaries are able to send home such good tidings as these: "Won- derful changes have taken place in these islands since American occupa- Javanese to seek education and to tion twelve years ago. The Govern- place themselves in line with civilized ment is better, sanitary conditions are peoples. The American Methodists very much improved, the intellectual who carryon an extensive system of and educational conditions are making Anglo-Chinese schools in the Straits much progress. Five hundred thou- Settlements and the Malay States have sand children are studying English in been asked by the Chinese of Batavia the public schools every year. A large to furnish them a principal for their number have entered higher schools, school there, themselves to be responand many are now holding positions sible for his support. of honor and responsibility who made their start five, eight, and ten years German Mi••ions in Sumatra ago. The Rheinish mission in Sumatra "About 150 missionaries are at work. reports 3,600 conversions in 1999. The Presbyterians were the first to The I72,000 Christian Alifuri in the enter; the Methodists and Baptists colony of Minahassa (the Celebes) soon followed. The Episcopalians, are organized into the Dutch Colonial Congregationalists, United Brethren Church. Life and property are as and Christians have taken up work safe there as in Holland. Of the since. The territory has been divided Sumatran Bataks, 94,000 have beup among these denominations, all of come Christians, but on Java, with its which are doing aggressive work. 30,000,000, there are but 36,000 na- There is very little overlapping. Du- tive Christians. ring the ten years about 50,000 converts have been brought into evan- Light for the Dark-minded Kanakas gelical churches. Ten thousand members have been gathered into Pres- Christian work among the indenbyterian churches. Hospitals, schools, tured Kanakas on Queensland sugar seminaries and churches have been es- plantations gathered 2,484 converts tablished here and there on almost all into churches before the Government the larger islands." forbade the importation of Kanaka labor. Five hundred of these have Methodist Work in the Philippines now gone back to the grossly heathen and cannibalistic Solomon Islands. In ten years the Methodist Church Forty schools are taught and supin these islands has grown to 30,000 ported by native Christians–one remembers and 10,000 adherents. Five sult of this home-coming. A flourishhundred Filipinos are under appoint- ing evangelistic work is also reported. ment to preach the gospel. A deaconess training school, hospital, theo- OBITUARY logical seminary, and orphanage have been built. A recent demonstration Rev. John E. Clough, of India held in Manila gathered many thousands of Filipino Methodists with One of the most remarkable of banners, mottos and a dozen brass modern missionaries has passed away bands. The most commonly recurring in the death of Rev. John Everett motto in that city, so long given over Clough, D.D., the apostle to the to Mariolatry, was significant: "Jesus, Telugus of India. Dr. Clough was the only Savior." born near Rochester, New York, in 1836, and was the leading missionary Life from the Dead in Java in the great Telugu revival that fol- lowed the famine of r877. He gained The people of Java seem to be awa- great influence over the people and kening. A movement called the "Budi 12,000 were baptized in one year. Utomi" is reported, which embraces We plan to have a sketch of Dr. thousands of members and appeals to Clough and his work in an early num- ber of the REVIEW.

THE MISSIONARY

REPORT OF THE WORLD MISSIONARY CON- need for thorough Christian training for the future leaders and church- FERENCE. Nine volumes. Nearly 3AOO members. The results of this educa- pages. 75 cents a volume, $5.00 per set, tion, especial.ly in India and Japan, net. Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. have proved Its value. This education should be evangelistic, progressive and I9 IO. elevating to the whole community. There should be some degree of co- It is undoubtedly true that there has operation with the local governments, never been such a thorough, scholarly, ~ut not at the cost of the missionary statesmanlike study and presentation Ideals and purposes. There is a of the facts and problems of foreign great need of endowed educational missions as that contained in these missions in China and elsewhere for volumes. They represent the work of the sake of training native Christian over 150 experts on the eight commis- leaders. sions, besides hundreds of missionaries and other colaborers whose opin- Volume four presents the views as to the missionary message to nonio1).s and information was obtained by Christian religions. The report decorrespondence. These reports pre- scribes the relation of Christianity to sent the reports of the commissions ammlsm, Chinese religions, Islam, and the discussions at the conference Shintoism and Hinduism. The conin Edinburgh. One can obtain in these clusion is that these religions, while volumes a view and understanding of containing much truth, are dying and the progress and problems of the Prot- do not prove effective in saving men estant Christian missionary campaign from sin and its consequences, either among non-Christians that he could here or hereafter. The preaching of not gain otherwise in many years the simple gospel of salvation through of study and the reading of hundreds faith in Christ is proved to be the most of volumes. The price is amazingly effective means of converting men. low. Volume five contains the report on Volume one surveys the whole non- the preparation of missionaries. The Christian world with a view to pre- present situation on the field, the senting just what is being done and present methods of preparation, the what still remains undone in the task principles which. should be recognized, set before the Christian Church. The the need of speCIal preparation and the commission declares that the Church ought and can immediately occupy the functions of the candidates' commitremainder of the field; that China, Af- tee are carefully considered. More rica and India demand particular at- thorough education is required to-day than formerly, but spiritual qualificatention. Other lands, such as Korea tions are none the less needed. and Laos, call for advance because of the receptive attitude of the people. The opportunity and responsibility before us call for more careful planning and closer cooperation that the Volume six discusses the "Home task may be accomplished speedily Base" in a most thorough and satis- factory manner, and contains a very and satisfactorily. Volume two considers the Church valuable list of missionary books arill the mission field-a most important ranged under topical divisions. These topic. The commission finds gratify- alone comprize over 225 pages.

ing progress in the development of . Volume seven considers the im- self-support and self-extension in portant subject of missions and gov- many fields, but recommends more ernments, local and home. The report uniform policies on the part of mis- is ably presented, and shows the sionary societies and closer coopera- faults of both missionaries and the tion in dealing with church-members governments in failing to work har- in planning for an advance. moniously together.

Volume three discusses education on Volume eight is taken up with co- the mission fields and presents the operation and unity and has to do

with what was perhaps the most stri- MEN OF MARK IN MODERN MISSIONS. By H. B. Grose. Pamphlet. IS cents. king feature of the conference-a de- American Baptist Publication Society, Philadelphia, 1910. sire and a conviction reaching out This is book five (for the Intermetoward more harmonious work among diate Department) of the Graded Mis- sion Studies prepared by the "Baptist the various divisions of the Chr~tian Forward Movement for Missionary Education." They are useful pamphforces. Not uniformity or union is lets for Sunday-schools and young people. The present studies include needed so much as essential unity in Roger Williams, John Mason Peck, Hezekiah Johnson, Henry B. Whipple, principles and action. . . Timothy R. Cressey, and Elihu Gunn, all but one Baptist missionaries in Volume nine conta111s the history America.

and records of the conference, to- MEN'S NATIONAL MISSIONARY CONGRESS, CHICAGO. 800 pp. Laymen's Missiongether with addresses delivered at t~e ary Movement, New York. 1910.

evening meetings. The index to this Here are the men's stirring mislibrary of missionary sci~nce ma~es sionary addresses at the four days' meeting in Chicago last May. These the immense amount of 111formatlOn include some unusual messages from unusual men-a remarkable group of available to the reader. Already the speakers, many of them professional and business men of international sale and orders for these volumes reputation.

have shown the wide-spread interest CHRISTIANITY AND NON-CHRISTIAN RELIGin the subject. It would be il!lposs~ble IONS COMPARED. By Edward A. Marshall. to give them a careful readmg wl~h­ 50 cents, net. Bible Institute Colportage Association, Chicago. out being inspired and enthused with the great undertaking in whic~ the Mr. Marshall has made a practical study of the non-Christian religions Church is engaged and the promise of and here gives us the main points about each in brief outline. He convictory before us. trasts Christianity, Brahmanism, Hin- duism, Buddhism, Taoism, Confu- WINNERS OF THE WORLD. By Mary and cianism, Zoroastrianism, Parseeism, William Gardner. I6mo, 239 pp. So Rhinto and Islam as to their founders, cents. Fleming H. Revell Co., 1910. causes, history, followers, sects, exten- sion, system, present head, beliefs, These are missionary studies for idols, writings, etc. Mr. Marshall also boys and girls. Each lesson deals with gives some 800 library references to some heroic character, who worked as prove his assertions and to facilitate a missionary of Christ. The series is further study. His book is unique for well planned and well writte~. Chr!st the amount of its information in com- Himself is presented as the Ideal mis- pact form. He refers to 44 separate sionary – industrial, itinerant,. med- books. This would be an excellent ical winner of all classes, tramer of text book for study classes. native workers. Paul's work is outlined then other early Christians SALVATION, IN HINDUISM AND CHRISTIAN- Foll;wing these come chapters on win- ITY, By Wilhelm Dilger. Translated ners of barbarians, men like Martin of by Louise Oehler. 8vo, 537 pp. Basel Tours, St. Patrick, St. Augustine, and Mission Book and Tract Repository, Boniface; winners of the Northlands, Mangalore, India. Igo8. like Auschar; winners of India, like Carv and Judson; winners of Amer- This is a careful study of the comica -like Eliot and Gardiner; winners parison and contrast between two of 'Africa, like Crowther and Livingstone· winners of the islands, like Paton' and Patteson; winners of Japan, like Xavier and Neesima; winners of China like Morrison and Mackenzie.

Th~ material of the book is judiciously selected and the chapters are well written. Some practical suggestions to teachers add much to its value.

I9 II ) FOR THE MISSIONARY LIBRARY

great religions as they relate to salva- missionary in India to a friend at tion of man. It is a theological, not home. They describe her observaa popular study and takes up the con- tions and experiences on her way to ceptions of God, of the world, of evil and of the nature and place of salva- the field and in actual service. The tion. It will be of great value to missionaries. descriptions are bright, feminine and human, with the missionary flavor' ADVANCE IN THE ANTILLES. By Howard B. s~ro~g and disti?ct, while without spe- Grose. I2mo, 259 pp. 50 and 35 cents. CIal hterary ment. They have sunshine The Young People's Missionary Move- and humor, with the shadow of the ment, 1910. ~wful ~in and .suffering so omnipresent III India. ylthout nauseating details There was need of a book on mis- they let one 1I1to the daily life of a wosions in Cuba and Porto Rico. A man medical missionary. Tho the letlittle more than ten years ago they ters are autobiographical, they have a were in the hands of Spain, and their touch of romance, too. The authoress condition of poverty, ignorance and closes with a return to America for the sin was about as bad as it could be. "rest cure," but with the expectation N ow, after a decade of American civil of "being happy ever afterward." government and influence and freedom for missionary work, it is time to RECRUITING FOR CHRIST. By John Timothy note the conditions and results. Mr. Stone. I2mo, 224 pp. $1.00 net. Fleming Grose has, in this text-book for mis- H. Revell Co., 1910. sion-study classes, given us a brief description of the islands and the con- Dr. Stone is a personal worker of ditions under Spanish rule, an account the sane and unhackneyed sort. He of the mission work and the outlook. deals as a man with men and at the In his statistical tables he gives I I same time as an ambassador of Christ Protestant societies at work in Cuba, with those still "afar off." He shows with 140 missionaries and 215 native that the true motive in such Christlike workers in 57 stations and 146 out- work is centered in our relationship stations. The Protestant constituents to God and must include an earnestnumber 15,324, of whom 9,564 are n.ess and love ~hat is neither profescommunicants. In Porto Rico there SIOnal nor eaSily discouraged. Dr. are IS American societies, with 178 ~tone gives the results of wide expemissionaries and 203 native workers nence and real attainment in work for in 75 stations and 458 out-stations. men ; .h~ offers valuable suggestions as The Protestant native constituency is to tra1l1Illg and methods that will make 20,631, of whom 13,255 are com- such work grateful. It is a book that municants. When we consider that inspires with a desire to "recruit for the colored and mixt population of Christ," and a faith that we, too, may Cuba is 608,287, and of Porto Rico see notable and nUmerous cases of 363,817, it is evident that under the "twice-born men." perfect freedom of the Stars and Stripes the people have been more THE GOSPEL WORK IN MODERN LIFE. By ready to accept the liberty found in the Protestant Church. There is. Robert Whitaker. 12mo, 139 pp. 50 however, little of that denominational cooperation that was so much advo- cents, net. Griffith & Rowland Press ' cated ten years ago. Philadelphia. 1910.

A BLUE STOCKING IN INDIA. By Winifred The social influence of Christianity Heston, M.D. I2mo, 226 pp. $1.00 net. is. here .presented. We should recog- Fleming H. Revell Co., 1910. :l1~e t1118. feature of Christianity, but It IS a mlst~ke. t? think it. n;ore impor- This purports to be, and we have no tant than mdlvldual reltgIOn. First, doubt is in the main, a collection of a man must be good through faith in letters from a young lady medical Jesus Christ and then he must work to bring his brothers to Christ. Neither phase of Christianity must be neg- lected.

THE CHILDREN OF AFRICA. By James B. THE MODERN MISSIONARY CHALLENGE. By Baird. John P. Jones, D.D. 8vo., 359 pp. $1.50, THE CHILDREN OF ARABIA. By John C. Young. IS. 6d. each. Illustrated, 12mo, lIet. Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. 95 pp. Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier. Edinburgh. 60 cents, net. Fleming H. 1910. Revell Co., New York. 1910. THE CALL OF THE NEW ERA, ITs OPPOR- These two additional volumes to child life in mission lands are excellent TUNITIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES. By Rev. for a juvenile missionary library. The book on Africa is more distinctly William Muir, M.A., B.D., B.L. Edited a description of child life than that on Arabia, but both give interesting facts by George Smith. 12mo., 350 pp. $1.25, and stories of the countries and the customs of the people. They are lIet. American Tract Society, New York. written from a Christian missionary viewpoint, and tell with closing chap- 1910. (Reviewed in October, p. 798.) ter of Protestant missionary work. THE VICTORY OF THE GOSPEL. By J. P. THE CHRISTIAN MOVEMENT IN JAPAN. Edited by D. C. Greene and G. M. Lilley, M.A., D.D. 12mo., pp. 391. $1.50.

Fisher. $l.oo. Mr. Kyobunkwan, Tokyo. United Press, Philadelphia. 1910. (Re- 1910. viewed in October, p. 798.) This eighth annual issue of the mis- THE PAST AND PROSPECTIVE EXTENSION OF sionary year book of Japan includes also papers read at the Semi-Centen- THE GOSPEL BY MISSIONS TO THE nial Conference of Protestant Missions in Japan, celebrated in October, HEATHEN. By Anthony Grant. 12mo., 1909. These addresses have naturally much historic value and give a clear 270 pp. S. P. G. F. P., 15 Tufton St., idea of the present situation in Japan. Westminster, S. W., England. 1910. The year book proper not only gives facts and figures relating to missions ISLAM IN CHINA-A NEGLECTED PROBLEM. and native Christian enterprises, but also contains many facts relating to By Marshall Broomhal, B.A. Preface by Japan's foreign affairs, business, education and social conditions and pro- John R. Mott, M.A., LL.D., Prof. Harlan gress. There are also obituaries of Japan's missionary workers and in- P. Beach, M.A., Rev. Samue M. Zwemer, formation on such topics as the Chin- D.D. Illustrated, 8vo., 332 pp. 7S. 6d., net. ese students in Japan, the Russo-Jap- China Inland Mission, Newington Green, anese Convention, the annexation of London, N. Korea, etc. The total missionary force nuw com- THE CHINA MISSION YEAR BOOK. Being prizes 93 I, with 563 ordained native "The Christian Movement in China," ministers and 1,002 other native helpers. Communicants number 60,635, 1910. Edited by D. MacGillivray for the and the total membership' 75,608. C. L. S. I2mo., 43I-Ixxiv. Christian NEW BOOKS Literature Society for China, Shanghai.

THE TASK WORTH WHILE; OR, THE DIVINE 1910. PHILOSOPHY OF MISSIONS. By Henry THE NEW TESTAMENT OF HIGHER BUD- Clay Mabie, D.D. 12mo., pp. 343. $I.25 net. Griffith & Rowland Press, Philadel- DHISM. By Timothy Richard. 12mo.

phia. 1910. $2.00. Charles Scribner's Sons, New THE UNIQUE MESSAGE AND THE UNIVERSAL York. 1910. MISSION OF CHRISTIANITY. By James Franklin Love, D.D. 12mo., 256 pp. $1.25, THE LANDS OF THE TAMED TURK. By Blair net. Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. 1910. Jaekel. Illustrated, I2mo. Cloth deco- rative, boxed, $2.50; three-quarters mo- rocco, boxed, $6.00. L. C. Page & Co., Boston. 1910. LIFE IN THE ORIENT. By K. H. Basmajian.

Illustrated, 8vo., 277 pp. $1.00, net. Amer- ican Tract Society, New York. 1910.

OPALS FROM AFRICA. By A. F. Hensey.

Pamphlet, 64 pp. E. W. Allen, Box 884, Cincinnati, Ohio. 1910.

MISSIONARY HEROES IN OCEANIA. By John C. Lambert, M.A., D.D. Illustrated, 12mo., 162 pp. J. B. Lippincott Co., Phil- adelphia. 1910. .

WITH THE SOUTH SEA ISLANDERS. By Dr.

George Brown. 12S., lIet. Macmillan & Co., New York. 1910.

JAPAN AND THE JAPANESE. By Walter Tyn- dale. 8vo. $5.00. The Macmillan Co., New York. 1910.

CHILDREN OF JAPAN. By Janet Harvey Kel- man. Illustrated, 12mo., 93 pp. IS. 6d., net. Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, Edin- burgh. 1910.

CHILDREN OF JAMAICA. By Isabel Cranstoun Maclean. Illustrated, 12mo., 95 pp. IS. 6d., net. Oliphant, Anderson & Fer- rier, Edinburgh. 1910.

ADVENTURES AMONG THE RED INDIANS. By H. W. G. Hyrst. I2mo. $1.50. J. B.

Lippincott Co., Philadelphia. 1910.

The Missionary Review of the World — June 1910

OF THE WORLD'S MISSIONARY

Edinburgh, Scotland, June 14 to 23, 1910 President, The Right H.on. L.ord Balf.our, cit ~~rleigh, K. T.

Vice-Presidents The Right H.on. L.ord Reay, Sir J.ohn Kennaway, Sir Andrew H. L. Fraser British Executive Committee The Master .of P.olwarth and Duncan McLaren, Esq ……………….. .Joilt-Chairmen Mr. J. H. Oldham, M.A., and Kenneth McLennan ……………………… Secretaries American Executive Committee Rev. Arthur]. Brown, 0.0…………………………………………. .Chairma;J Rev. Henry Carroll, LL.D., and Wm. Henry Grant, Esq ………………… .Secretaries Continelltal Executive Committee Bish.op Benjamin La Trobe …………………………………………. .Chairma;£ Rev. J ttlius Richter, D.O…………………………………………….. Secretary The Commissions 1. Carrying the Gospel unt.o all the K.on-Christian W.orld. Mr. J.ohn R. M.ott ………………………………………….. . ChairmaIJ Rev. George Robs.ol), D.O., and Rev. Julius Richter, 0.0……… Vice-Chairmen II. The Native Church and Its W.orkers. Rev. J. C. Gibs.on, D.O., …………………………………….. . Chairmalt Rev. Walter·R. Larhbttth, 0.0………………………….. " Vice-ChairmaIJ III. Educati.on in Relati.on t.o the Christianizati.on .of Nati.onal Life. The Bish.op .of Birmingham …………………………………… Chairman Pr.of. Edward C. M.o.ore,D.D…….. , …………. " ………… Vice-Chairman IV. The Missi.onary Message in Relati.on t.o N.on-·Christian Religi.ons. Pr.of. D. S. Cairns, 0.0……………………………………… . Chairlll:l1I Mr. R.obert E. Speer, M.A……………………………….. Vice-Chairman V. The Preparati.on of Missi.onaries. President W. D.ouglas Mackenzie, D.D………………….. . …. Chairman Pr.of. J. O. F. Murray, 0.0…………………………….. ,. Vice-Chairnwl!

VI. The Home Base of Missions. Rev. James L. Bart.on, 0.0……………………………………. Chairman Herr Frederick Wurtz, G. W. MacAlpine, and Rev. ]. P. Maud … Vice-Chairmen VII. Relati.on of Missions t.o G.overnments. Lord Balfaur ………………………………………………. Chairmal! H.on. Seth L.ow…………………………………….. Vice-Chairman VIII. C.o.operati.on and Unity. Sir Andrew H. L. Fraser, LL.D……………. '" ………… , ….. .CllJirman Mr. Silas McBee ……………………………………….. Vice-Cluirm::w PORTRAITS IN THE FRONTISPIECE (I) L.ord Balfour '; (2) -H.on. Seth Law; (3) Rev. Walter R. Lll11buth, O.D.; (4) Bish.op La Tr.obe 1; (5) Dr. Eugene St.ock; (6) Rev. Harlan P. Beach, D.O.; (7) Rev. James L. Bart.on, D.O.; (8) Dr. Julius Richter; (9) Rev. ]. Campbell Gibs.on, 0.0.1 ; (IO) Rev. Arthur J. Drown, D.O.; (II) Rev. H. K. Carroll, LL.D.; (12) Hon. Duncan McLaren'; (13) Mr. J. H. Oldham; (14) Mr. Jahn W. W.o.od; (I'=;) M.ornay Williams, Esq.; (16) Sir Andrew Fraser l ; (17) Rev. R. Wardlaw Th.ompson, D.D.; (18) H.on. S.

B. Capen, LL.D.; CIY) Wm. J. Scheiffelin, Ph.D.; (20) Rev. Professor "George Owen; (21) Rev. Pr.ofess.or D. S. Cairn.'

1 Copyright bY"'Eiliott & Fry. 2 Photograph from Laf.ay~t.te, London. :l Photograph from Alex. Ayton, Edinburgh. 4. Photograph bl Hardie, Aberdeen. _.- (See other side for names of officers and copyright notice)

<Jhe 8lissionary 'l?..eview

of the World VOL. XXXIII. No.6 JUNE, 1910 VOL. XXIII. No.6 Old Series New Sers..

SIGNS OF THE TIMES THE MOVEMENT TOWARD PEACE Knox and Luther, in the ecclesiastical The emergence of ex-President sphere, and Alfred the Great, Ferdi- Roosevelt from African wilds is again nand, Charles the Fifth, Garibaldi, pushing him to the front as a pac- Lincoln, in the national and govern- ificator. The newspapers and tele- mental sphere, and Bacon, Newton, graph wires have been unusually busy Edison and Kelvin in the scientific announcing conferences with kings and philosophic, has turned a crisis and emperors and publishing conjec- and inaugurated a new era. In our tures as to possible negotiations and day there are several problems that preparations for reduced armament are waiting for a solution and he will and restricted warfare. In Italy it go down to history as one of the great- is reported that this marvelous man, est benefactors of the race that shall who just now seems to have peculiarly solve anyone of them: the problem the ear of the world, deplored the of the Church and the masses, of cap- rapidly increasing armies and arma- ital and labor, of the drink traffic and ments of our day; and it is said that social evil, of the regulation and re- only the unprecedented activity of striction of trusts, of equitable taxation other leading nations like Britain and and representation, of popular suffrage Germany in building Dreadnoughts and its limits; of the adjustment of the compels him to urge the United States balance of power in legislative bodies to keep her navy abreast of other peo- like the Lords and Commons; and ple. last, not least, the displacing of armed Mr. Roosevelt himself prefers a conflicts by pacific arbitration.

Hague court, and a parliament of man, To this last matter attention has to any number of soldiers or seamen, been drawn in a very unusual degree and the white flag of truce to any war since the establishment of the first banner. Certainly, our ex-President Hague tribunal in 1900, and prov- seems to have a unique chance to do a identially Mr. Roosevelt has been a service of incalculable value to the race prominent factor in actual arbitration.

in promoting progress toward that During the past twenty years not only blest goal, where the nations shall has peace talk been common, but learn war no more. No man in our peace measures have prevailed. Nearly day has had opportunity to do so sig- seventy arbitration treaties have been nal a service. There have been times signed in our century, and the prayer in history when the action of a single for world-wide peace has been both man, like Origen and Augustine, more universal and hopeful. Moreover, the mutual acquaintance of na- bitterness and provokes revenge. Dis- tions, formerly strangers and es- turbances are contagious; they kindle tranged, has been promoting inter- new strifes and persecutions; they course commercial and social, and sometimes rock a whole nation in con- laying a formation of common under- vulsions. The amount of mission standing which makes warfare less property destroyed in the last quarter- likely as a resort, because misappre- century is incredible in the aggregate, hension is being corrected and a com- and it is the result in most cases of mon interest pleads for recognition. alienations that have come through Mr. Roosevelt is to give at Christiania armed conflict, with its anti-foreign the Nobel peace prize lecture, accord- prejudices. It is a time to repeat the ing to the custom of recipients of that great chant of the angels at Bethle- prize; and this again furnishes a great hem, "On earth peace, good will to opportunity to advocate a peace tri- men."

bunal, and any word well spoken now THE RIOTS IN HUNAN will find millions of listening and sym- The unrest in China is the natural pathetic ears. result of an awakening nation. The It seems to us that here is a man people are beginning to think and act lifted by force of circumstances to a more vigorously and have not yet pedestal which may become a throne of learned self-control. In our April num- influence, world-wide and beneficent. ber (page 244), we called attention to Such a man has a certain right to the spirit of unrest and the danger speak with authority. What if at the of an anti-foreign demonstration Norway capital he should boldly plead which might be serious. Recent riots for a supreme peace parliament at the against the missionaries and other for- third Hague conference-for a sort of eigners at Chang-sha made it neces- constitution, framed with consent of sary to send British gunboats to that all the leading powers of the world, city. The American cruiser Cleveland constraining the settlement of all was ordered to Hankow with a force major and minor disputes, and restrict- ready to go up the river if there were ing by general agreement all warlike further disorders. Chang-sha is a city preparations, etc. We are not jealous of nearly 300,000 inhabitants on the for prominence to any man, but for Siang-kiang, a branch of the Yang- prevalence of right principles; but it tse-kiang, about 250 miles above Han- behooves every man to ask whether he kow. Among the missions attacked is "come to the kingdom for such a and burned are those of the United time as this," and whether his hand is Evangelical Church, the Yale Foreign providentially on the helm. Missionary Society, the China Inland Peace measures are not simply Missionary Society, the Christian and philanthropic; they have a wide bear- Missionary Alliance, the London ing on world missions. Warfare, Missionary Society, the Protestant whether in preparation or action, ab- Episcopal Mission, and the Wesleyan sorbs time, money and strength that Missionary Society. The Americans ought to be given to the gospel of and Europeans took refuge, without peace; every conflict promotes es- loss of life, on a merchant ship lying in trangement, leaves behind it seeds of the Siang-kiang River, and some of

SIGNS OF THE TIMES

them afterward went down the river January 16th, and during the first to Hankow. The local authorities eight days four meetings were held were helpless in. dealing with the daily. At 7 A.M., the native Christians rioters, and news of the rioting soon met and prayed devoutly, and often spread to the surrounding country and tearfully for the unsaved. At I I A.M., many small outbreaks occurred in out- at 3 P.M., and at 7 :30 P.M. Pastor Ding lying villages. The Japanese con- preached to large congregations which sulate and other foreign property were overcrowded the new church building, attacked and destroyed, including the tho it has a seating capacity of 500. Yale Mission and China Inland Mis- The greater half of these congregasion. It is a great cause for thanks- tions was usually composed of the ungiving that there was no loss of life evangelized relatives, friends, and among the foreigners, and some of neighbors of the native Christians, these, including missionaries, have al- while also many of the city's merchant ready returned to the city. A new amI gentry classes, hitherto untouched governor, Yang Wen Ting, has been by the missionaries, attended. The atappointed, who reports that he has tention given was intense. The evancontrol of the situation. gelist's peculiar style of preaching greatly appealed to his hearers. His There is a great contrast in the discourses might almost be called present circumstances and those dur- "Song Sermons," for they were intering the Boxer riots just ten years spersed with solos of his own singing ago. Then the Peking government on the Love of Christ, the Necessity and many of the local officials issued of Repentance, and kindred themes. edicts of extermination against for- Prayer was a marked feature of each eigners; now the Chinese authorities service. Seasons of prayer led by one, are doing all they can to repress the or two, or three, or four, one after anriots. The cause of the disturbance other, were frequent and general. seems to be the advance in the cost of rice and a general feeling that foreign- Sometimes very specific confessions ers are influencing the government. of sin were heard. Intercession for The rioters wished to call attention to the salvation of relatives and friends their grievances. Hunan has always was almost constant. Sometimes ten, been an anti-foreign province and it or fifty, or three hundred voices would was not until after the Boxer rebellion be raised to God at one time, the that missionaries were permitted to sounds falling and rising and falling reside there. again, as the sound of many waters. There were frequent answers to the THE REVIVAL OF 1910 IN I-CHOW-FU prayers for the conversion of others. One of the most remarkable revivals A teacher of Mandarin for whose sal- vation many had been praying long in the history of Christian missions in and earnestly, early declared himself China has just been experienced at willing to receive instruction. An in- I-chow-fu, in Shantung province. It fluential servant, who had been keepis vividly described by Rev. P. P. ing three others out of the kingdom, Faris, who says that the leader of the was won over, and the others came revival, the Rev. Ding Lee May, has with him. More than one backslider been most successful in his ministry at Shantung. The meetings began on

responded to the power of prayer and Truly, the Lord was in the revival came back into active Christian life. at I-chow-fu in the great heathen em- During the first 13 days of the revi- pire. val 1,060 Chinese handed in their names as wishing to study the gospel IS TIBET TO BE OPENED? and receive baptism. These names of inquirers were announced publicly, The flight of the Dalai Lama is and after each announcement it be- probably the signal for the unlocking came common for all to break out into of the doors of this the last conspicunited thanksgiving and prayer. uous "hermit nation." The Chinese Foreign Office seems to think so. If The native Christians did much per- it be true, this is one of the most sonal work, in which they were ma- marked events of all modern history terially helped by the catechumens. and signs of the times. Tibet has been Frequently inquirers, who took their the most exclusive and intolerant of stand after the services began, at once all Asiatic nations, less known to the commenced to labor among friends world than any other. With a terriand relatives, and tried to bring them tory of 600,000 to 800,000 square to the services. Increased zeal, a miles, and a popUlation of 6,000,000, greater interest in Christianity, and a it has been the central shrine of Buddeeper knowledge of the gospel be- dhism. The government has been in came evident everywhere, and the the hands of a singular hierarchy, the spiritual life of the 260 native Chris- chief priest of which is known as the tians in attendance was greatly quick- Dalai Lama, and the second the Bogdo ened. Lama. Commerce is in the hands of the government and closely watched. Mr. Faris thinks it probable that Despite Chinese control and Indian never before in China's history has so influence, this small territory has been large a number of her people accepted a locked chamber to missionaries and Protestant Christianity in so short a even to modern civilization. Six years time. The inquirers include men from ago the Dalai Lama intrigued with all grades of society, and rich and Russia, and the result 'was Colonel poor, scholars and unlearned, coolies Younghusband's famous march into and merchants are among them. The the forbidden capital, Lhasa. After opportunity is almost overwhelming, the long and unwelcome visit of the and the missionaries are in need of Tibetan ruler at the Chinese court, and help and prayer. his compulsory return, China found it expedient to send into his country a Pastor Ding, the instrument used by military expedition, which led to a the Lord for the kimlhng of the revi- new escapade of the Lama into India, val, is a man of prayer. Less than where he found a cold reception by forty years old, he has a remarkable the British, however warm on the part knowledge of the SCrIptures, and great of his Buddhistic adherents. The Chiability to use it. He is filled with the nese have appointed one of the signers spirit and lives his faith. His preach- of the Younghusband treaty, Ti Riming is simple, direct, and persuasive, poche, Sven Hedin's friend at Lhasa, and under his leadership more than as regent. Much disorder exists in the 2,400 heathen became inquirers during hitherto closed land; but like other the past year.

OF THE

radical revolutions in Asiatic empires, It is now only thirty-three years· it seems to be God's way to prepare since, in June, 1877, the first two for the gospel. Indeed, there seems missionaries of the C. M. S. arrived in to be an almost universal overturning Uganda and were welcomed by King as well as upturning in Asia, scarce a Mtesa. Now more than one-half its nation being now quiet, except Siam, population-360,ooo of the Bagandawhich is singularly apathetic and un- profess Christianity, and still the work progressive. goes on. We feel imprest by such events as these, and what is now ta- THEN AND NOW IN AFRICA king place, even more wonderfully, in Korea, that it is the purpose of God in Rev. Walter T. Currie, of Chisamba, the latter days of this dispensation that vividly describes the progress of mis- there should be, in heathen lands espesion work at one of the prominent out- cially, a host of converts like doves in stations, Chiyuka, thus, "Then (i.e., flocks flying to the dove-cote. How eleven years ago) a smaIl room held the Church should be stimulated to all that would gather for a Sunday prayer, to new and larger giving, and service. Now, they have deserted a to far larger going and sending. building three times enlarged, and the one recently built was last Sunday DEPARTMENT OF CHURCH AND filled to overflowing by a congregation LABOR OF THE PRESBYdeclared by the ushers to have num- TERIAN CHURCH bered 1,094. Then, Dr. James Johnston, passing through, wrote that the Seven years ago the Department of chief was my friend, but that the peo- Church and Labor of the Presbyterian ple knew nothing of the gospel and Church was established, and Rev. they had no schools. Now, there are Charles Stelzle was placed at its head. 88 children in the kindergarten, while Far-reaching results have been accomthe teachers in the adult school declare plished, under God, by him in that that the school hours are too short for short space and the department stands the work they have to do. Then, the before the world to-day as the most worship of fetishes was general. Now, efficient agency of its kind throughout the gospel is making such progress the world. Of the great results we that seven people-four men and three quote the following from its brief rewomen-recently brought their fetish- port of the seven years' work: Recordes, saying they had no use for them breaking religious mass-meetings for as they had learned better words and working men are being held; I57 mina truer way to happiness and life. At isterial delegates of various denominathe same service fifteen young people tions are now in service in 117 cities as stood up and, professing their desire fraternal delegates to central laborto foIlow Jesus, were admitted to the unions, many of them serving as chapclasses for probation. On the follow- lains to organized labor; a labor press ing day I united in Christian marriage bureau has been founded and a refive young couples, and when they all ligious article, furnished by it, is being knelt in a row for the final prayer and published by 350 weekly labor papers; benediction of the service, my heart a working men's temperance movecried out, 'Praise God for what He has ment has been started, to do .away with wrought among this people.' " the evil of holding labor meetings back

of or over places where liquor is sold; nected with Jewish congregations. In noonday shop-meetings have been es- discussing this fact, The American He- tablished almost throughout the coun- brew.. the leading orthodox Jewish pa- try and the establishment of industrial per of the country, says: "But in I906 parishes has been aimed at; the atti- it may be conservatively estimated that tudes of the Church and of organized there were certainly no less than labor toward each other have been rev- 1,000,000 Jews in this country, and olutionized and become more favor- that more probably there were two able than ever before, so that the great millions. What religious connection annual meeting of the American Fed- had these hundreds of thousands of eration of Labor regularly receives Jews who were connected with no con- Mr. Stelzle as a fraternal delegate, gregation? It would appear that one- and his message is always given a most half, if not more, of the Jews of this cordial hearing. country have been lost hold of by the synagog. Now, the figures may not But the Department of Church and be so large as these indicated. There Labor has also entered into a study are more than 1,769 Jewish congrega- of the problem of the country church, tions, but there are very few more ap- and conferences on the important sub- parently. A great many orthodox ject have been held, especially in the Jews also worship in the chevras States of the East and of the Middle (rooms of charitable societies), and West. One hundred and seventy-two these evade the observation of the sta- students have been enrolled in the cor- tistical inquirer. Nevertheless, these respondence course in applied Chris- figures indicate fairly that the synagog tianity, while the sociological library is not holding Jews as much as it has been of useful service to many. could." The great conference held under the auspices of the department in New The Reform Jews also recognize the York in December proved most help- loosening of the hold of the synagog ful and instructive, so that such a upon the large masses of the de- conference will probably be held every scendants of orthodox, Yiddish-speak- year. ing Jews. Their Central Conference of American Rabbis therefore de- Thus the Presbyterian Department cided, at its meeting in New York in of Church and Labor has succeeded 1909, to circulate among them reform under the leadership of Rev. Charles Jewish tracts in the Yiddish dialect, Stelzle, and its SHccess has stimulated and thus attempt to bring about a re- other denominations to establish simi- vival of that which these reform lar departments. rabbis call Judaism.

JEWS NEGLECTING THE SYNAGOGS It is time for the churches within In 1906 there were 1,769 Jewish the Jewish quarters of our great cities to come to a realization of the disin- congregations in the United States and tegration of American Judaism, and – each of these had an average member- to include the Jews within their par- ishes in their regular activity. ship of 450 persons, according to the census bulletin. Thus 800,000 Jewish men, women, and children were con-

A CONGRESS OF MISSIONARY

THE GREAT WORLD MISSIONARY CONFERENCE AT EDINBURGH, SCOT- LAND, JUNE 14 %0 %3. 1910 BY DELAVAN LEONARD PIERSON It would be difficult to estimate the leaders in particular. They also benefits to the progress of the King- brought into united conference the dom of God that may come from the workers of many different denomina- meeting at Edinburgh of the experts tions and thus promoted the spirit of and students of world-wide Christian comity and cooperation and paved the missions. The greatest men of the age way for further federation and unity.

are engaged in doing the greatest The great ecumenical conference work in the world. Almighty God, in New York in 1900 was a powerful who created the universe and placed demonstration to the world, show- man on earth, has commissioned His ing the magnitude and importance of Church to proclaim to every creature world-wide missionary work. The the good news of His love and of sal- meetings were inspirational and edu- vation through Christ. The revealed cational. Statesmen, business men, purpose of God is that all nations shall the secular press and nominal Chris- come to know and acknowledge Him tians were imprest with the character as God. The Christians who are help- of the work and the workers. Since ing forward this work are in a pecu- that day the work of foreign missions liar sense partners with God in his has been less on the defensive and the great enterprise. They are planning danger has been more from superficial and forwarding not only the things popularity than from neglect. Since of time but the business of eternity. the date of that conference, missionary The Edinburgh conference is of un- literature has vastly increased, mis- paralleled importance because of the sionary study classes have been started subject which is to occupy its attention, and have multiplied, missionary con- the men who are to engage in its coun- ventions have become popular and the cils, the thought and prayer that have Young People's and Laymen's Move- marked its beginning and the develop- ments have stirred the Church and the ment of plans, also by reason of the business world.

attention it is sure to attract from the The Edinburgh conference is to be outside world and because of the plans conducted on .a different plan. The and policies that are to be presented audience at the main meetings in As- for the future work. sembly Hall will be made up of repre- This decennial conference will be sentative delegates from all the in marked contrast to those that have branches of the Protestant Christian preceded it. The early meetings in churches of Europe and America. The London and Liverpool were prelim- subjects to be considered are largely inary and did not attempt much more technical and pertain to the fields, the than to gather some leading advocates basis, the policy. the problems, and of missions for platform addresses. the methods of missionary work They succeeded in bringing some im- among non-Christian peoples. Prot- portant topics to the attention of the estant missions among Roman and Church in general and of missionary Greek Catholics have no place either

in the reports presented or in the plat- which the Christian Church is fulform discussions. Among the great filling the great commission of Christ. subjects considered are: Statistical tables have been prepared; a new mission atlas is to be published, (I) The present extent of occupa- in which the location of every society tion of the world-field and the amount and station is to be shown; the quesof unoccupied territory. tions of future policy, strategy and forces are to be considered in the light (2) The best development of the of the opinions exprest by hundreds of native Church .and native workers in Christian workers. Among other non-Christian lands. questions are the adequacy of the present occupation of various fields, (3) The place of education in mis- the present opportunities for agsions and the dangers and advantages gressive work, the most effective of intellectual training of natives. agencies and methods of work, the relative value of the policies of concen- (4) The essential message to be tration and diffusion of forces, the given in carrying the gospel t~ all the relative importance of work for the world. classes and for the masses and the need for special attention given to e5) The best preparation for mis- certain fields.

sionary workers. The chairman of this commission is ( 6) The responsibilities and meth- Mr. John R. Mott, general secretary of the World's Student Christian Fedods for the churches in the home land. eration. Other members of the com- (7) The problem of missions and mission are Rev. George Robson, of the United Free Church of Scotland; governments – relation to politics, Pastor D. Julius Richter, coeditor with persecutions, etc. Professor Warneck, of the Allgemeine Mission Zeitschrift; Prof. Harlan (8) The extent and true basis de- P. Beach, author of the "Geography sired for interdenominational and in- and Atlas of Protestant Missions"; ternational cooperation and unity Rev. James S. Dennis, D.D., author among the Christian forces engaged of "The Centennial Survey of Forin the missionary campaign. eign Missions," etc.; Rev. F. P. Hag- gard, of the American Baptist Mis- Each of these general problems or sionary Union; Dr. R. P. Mackay, of series of problems is committed to a the Canadian Presbyterian Board of carefully selected commISSIon of Missions; Rev. Charles R. Watson, of eighteen or twenty experts. Their re- the United Presbyterian Church; Dr. ports are prepared in advance and Samuel M. Zwemer, of the Reformed consider in detail the various phases Church in America; Bishop Montof the topics that will come up for dis- gomery, secretary of the S. P. G.; Dr. cussion at the conference. The whole Eugene Stock, of the C. M. S.; Rev. time at the business sessions will be A. Taylor, of the British and Foreign devoted to a discussion of these re- Bible Society; Marshall Broomhall, of ports and to outlining policies to be recommended. for .adoption by various boards, societies and missions.

The commissions and their members are the following: I. The Geographical Commis.ion To this commission is assigned the task of a study of the world-field to discover and report on the extent to

the C. I. M.; Mr. Frank Lenwood, of of the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary the London Missionary Society; Miss Society; Rev. Canon Cunningham, of Ruth Rouse, of the World's Student the Cambridge Mission to Delhi; Christian Federation; Pastor Alfred Bishop Hine, of Zanzibar; Rev. Dun- Boegner, director of the Paris Evan- can Travers, of the Universities Mis- gelical Missionary Society; Bishop sion to Central Africa; Inspector LaTrobe, of the Moravian Church, Spriecker, director of the Rhenish and Pastor Vilhelm Sorensen, suc- Society; Rev. F. Bayles, of the C. M.

cessor of Dean Vahl as editor of the S.; Rev. R. Wardlaw Thompson, of N ordisk Missions Tidskrift. the L. M. S.; Mr. Duncan McLaren, JI. The Nativo Church of Edinburgh; Rev. S. H. Chester, of the Presbyterian Church (South); The second commission has been Rev. R. J. Willingham, of the South- given the task of bringing forward the ern Baptist Convention; Mr. Harry problems relating to the native Church Wade Hicks, of the Young People's and its workers in the mission fields. Missionary Movement; Rev. Alex.

These problems are the more com- Sutherland, D.D., of the Canadian plex in that they relate to many de- Methodist Society; the Bishop of nominations, many lands, many races, Aberdeen (Rev. Rowland Ellis, D.D.), and varied social and intellectual con- and Principal Ellis Edwards, of the ditions. There has been corre- Welsh Calvinistic Methodists.

spondence with about six hundred cor- III. Education and Missions responding members on the mission fields, many of them native Christians, On this important subject there is and their replies have been collated wide differences of opinion. Some so- and digested. The problems include cieties believe only in preaching the Church organization and policy, con- gospel and others in elaborate higher ditions of membership, transfer and education with non-Christian instruc- discipline, training for Christian work, tors. The problems are related to salaries, native societies, spiritual the development of national leaders fruitfulness and theology and litera- for Church and State. Questions ture in the vernacular. The points of were sent to five hundred missionaries weakness and strength and the method to gather their opinions as to the chief of highest development are to be care- aims and ideals of education on the fully considered. mission fields, the best policy and The chairman of this commission is methods for schools and colleges and Rev. J. Campbell Gibson, D.D., a mis- the practical results of this phase of sionary of the English Presbyterian the work. The report of this com- Church and author of "Mission Prob- mission includes the consideration of lems and Mission Methods in South literature, teaching, industrial work, China." Other members are Rev. etc.

Walter R. Lambuth, secretary of the The chairman is Bishop Gore, of Missionary Board of the Methodist Birmingham, and among other mem- Church (South); Walter B. Sloan, of bers are Prof. Edward C. Moore, of the C. I. M.; Herr F. Frohnmeyer, of Harvard University; Prof. M. E.

the Basel Mission; Rev. Wm. Goodie, Sadler, of University of Manchester;

Dr. Parkin, secretary of the Rhodes Prof. George Owen, formerly of Trust; Prof. DeWitt Burton, of Chi- Peking; Rev. Richard Glover; Rev.

cago; Principal R. A. Falconer, of A. B. Leonard; Dr. Robert Mac- Toronto; President John F. Goucher, kenzie; President E. Y. Mullens, of of Baltimore; Rev. Wm. Chamber- Kentucky; Dr. Joh. Lepsius, of the lain, of Rutgers College; Sir Ernest German Orient Mission, and Dr. Joh.

Satow; Lord William Gascoyne Cecil; Warneck, author of "Living Christ Rev. A. R. Buckland, of the Religious and Dying Heathenism."

Tract Society, and Miss Grace Dodge, V. The Preparation of Miuionariea of New York.

IV. The Mi..ionary Message The present-day demand is for the best men of the Church for foreign Here is the most vital subject of the mission fields. We are learning to conference. The substance of the look on the work as of magnitude and Christian Gospel and the best method importance and involving great diffi- of presenting the gospel to the non- c:.lties. There have been many Christian peoples is to the missionary changes in the situation during the campaign what weapons and arma- last hundred years, and a more ade- ments are to a military maneuver. quate training for the ambassadors of There should be unity as to the sub- Christ is required. Candidates are stance of the essential message, but more carefully selected, and are there is a wide divergence of opinion trained as specialists for various as to how the gospel can most ef- phases of what has come to be a di- fectively be presented. The new versified work.

theology and modern rationalism, Uni- There are to-day statesmen, all tarian beliefs and ideas of Biblical in- kinds of educators, theologians, phy- spiration and the deity of Christ, have sicians, nurses, industrial workers, a vital reiation to this SUbject. If the business managers, workers among missionary has not a clear message- women and children, Y. M. C. A. and the message of Christ-he would bet- Y. W. C. A. secretaries, in addition ter remain at home. Another im- to pastors and preachers. The train- portant phase of the subject is the ing required for pioneer work is very attitude of Christian teachers toward different from that needed for fields the non-Christian religions, their where the chief duty is the guiding of truths, their errors and their practises. native workers and a native Church.

Prof. D. S. Cairns, of the U. F. Col- The chairman of this commission is lege of Aberdeen and author of President W. Douglas Mackenzie, of ItChristianity in the Modem World," Hartford Theological Seminary, and is chairman, and Robert E. Speer, author of "Christianity and the Prog- vice-chairman of this commission. ress of Man." Other members are Among other members are Bishop of Dr. J. O. F. Murray, of Selwyn Col- Ossory (Dr. C. F. D'Arcy); Canon lege, Cambridge; Dr. Henry Cowan, C. H. Robinson, editor of The East of Aberdeen; Prof. A. R. MacEwen, and the West,. Prof. W. P. Paterson, of New College, Edinburgb; Prof. of University of Edinburgh; Rev. A. Edward 1. Bosworth, of Oberlin; Rev. E. Garvie, of New College, London; Charles R. Erdman, of Princeton;

A CONGRESS OF MISSIONARY STATESMEN

Canon O'Meara, of Toronto; Father other members are: Missions In- Kelly, of the Society of the Sacred spector Fred Wiirz, of the Basel So- Mission (Church of England); Rev. Forbes Jackson; Rev. Wm. Park, of ciety; Rev. J. Fairley Dailey, of the the Church of Ireland; Rev. Tissington Tatlow; Dr. James L. MaxwelI, Livingstonia Mission; Rev. A. Woodof the Medical Missionary Associa- ruff Halsey, D.D., of the Presbyterian tion, London; Miss G. A. Gollock; Board; Mrs. Helen Barrett Mont- Prof. Adolph Kolmodin, and Prof. gomery; John W. Wood, of the Karl Meinhof. Protestant Episcopal Church, and editor of The Spirit of Missions; Dr. VI. The Home Church and Missions Karl Fries, president of the World's Student Federation; Mr. Louis Sever- The greatest problem of the day is not faced on the foreign field, but at ance, of New York, and J. Campbell home. The greatest difficulty is to arouse the Christians who have bread White, of the Laymen's Missionary enough and to spare so that they will Movement. be ready to go out and distribute, to sacrifice themselves and their sub- VII. Missions and Governments stance in obeying the command and in following the leading of the Master. The delicate but important problems The fifth commission is (I) to present referring to the relations of missions, the subject of the duty and opportunity mission converts and missionaries to of the Church in fulfilling her mission; their home and foreign governments (2) the spiritual and temporal re- are to be reported on by a commissources and power of the Church at sion of which Right Hon. Lord Balhome for the work abroad; (3) the four is chairman and Hon. Seth Low methods of promoting missionary in- is vice-chairman. This report, and telligence-through church services, the discussion following, will consider the printed page, study classes, col- such topics as: ( I) The relation of leges and seminaries, visits to mission the missionary to his own government fields; conventions and exhibits; (4) in times of war and persecution; (2) the enlistment of missionaries; (5) indemnities and armed resistance and financial support of missions-the protection; (3) the native Christian standard of giving, methods, etc.; and his own government. Specific (6) the development of home leader- cases will be studied to discover the ship-among laymen, clergy and wo- method of obtaining the best results. men; (7) the problems of administration-debts and deficits, auxiliary so- Among the members of this comcieties, relation of secretaries and mission are: Admiral Mahan, of the boards to missionaries; (8) the reflex United States Navy; Sir Robert Hart, influence of missions in evangelism, formerly Inspector-General of Cusfaith, finances and spiritual life. toms in China; Sir Andrew Wingate, for many years in India; Hon. John Of this commission, Rev. James L. Foster, formerly Secretary of State of Barton, D.D., secretary of the Amer- the United States; Bishop Ingham, of ican Board, is chairman. Among the C. M. S.; Rev. George Cousins, of the L. M. S.; Mr. Wellesley C. Bailey, of the Mission to Lepers; Dr. Thomas S. Barbour, of the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society;

Herr Berner, president of the Berlin will represent the thought, investiga- Missionary Society, and Prof. Hauss- tion and conclusions of the world's leiter, of the Rhenish Missionary So- greatest mIssIonary students and ciety. workers of all Protestant Christen- VIII. Cooperation and Union dom. Two years have been occupied in making the investigation and pre- To-day Church union is in the air. paring the reports. While mission- The missionaries are facing the same aries have not been generally repre- kind of a problem that confronted the sented on the commissions, their ideals civilized nations in the Boxer rebel- and conclusions are found in the re- lion when they won the victory by port. This missionary library on the uniting forces to relieve the sufferers science of missions-in theory and in Peking. Decided steps toward practise-will include statistical tables, closer cooperation have already been a new missionary atlas, a complete taken on many mission fields and more up-to-date bibliography of missionary are proposed. This commission will books, and a report of the addresses discuss (I) the plans of union, the delivered at the conference. It prom- difficulties and advantages; (2) the ises to be an unparalleled work of division of territory and method of reference.

cooperation; (3) united national The Program churches in mission fields; (4) united The main sessions of the conference work in hospitals, industrial and pub- are to be held in Assembly Hall, Edin- lishing work and in higher education. burgh. Here the morning and after- The chairman of this commission is noon meetings will be for the discus- Sir Andrew Fraser, and the vice-chair- sion of the reports of commissions and man is Mr. Silas McBee, editor of only official delegates and their wives The Churchman. There are included are to be admitted. The evening also: Dr. Arthur ]. Brown; Rev. meetings will take up such general W. H. Findlay, of the Wesleyan topics as: The Place of Missions in Methodist Society; Prebendary H. E. the Life of the Church; The History Fox, of the C. M. S.; Miss Morley, of Missions; Changes in the Charac- president of the World's Y. W. C. A.; ter of the Missionary Problem;' The President A. H. Strong, of the Roches- Contribution of non-Christian Na- ter Theological Seminary; Professor tions to the Body of Christ; and De- Warneck, of Germany, and Rev. ]. H. mands Made on the Church by the Ritson, of the British and Foreign Present Opportunity.

Bible Society. The synod hall meetings are for The Printed Reports representatives of various denomina- tions and missionary societies and will Who can examine the topics to be discuss the reports of the commissions considered at this conference without at the morning sesions. In the after- being imprest by the magnitude of the noons the various mission countries, work and the reality of a science of phases of work, and problems will be missions? The reports of these com- considered, and there will be simulta- missions will be printed in nine vol- neous meetings for clergymen, laymen, umes (at $4.00 a set, postpaid). They women, physicians, workers among children, etc. At the evening sessions topics were omitted, no leaders untopics of general interest will be pre- recognized, and no errors put forth sented by missionaries and other prom- as facts and no unsound judgments inent speakers. proclaimed. These dangers show the greater reason for united prayer from The call for tickets has been so all Christians that the Spirit of God great that a third series of meetings may guide those who have the heavy have been arranged to be held in the responsibility of planning the program, Tolbooth Church. Here popular ad- and that the spirit and wisdom of dresses will be made that will be of Christ may dominate all the proceedespecial interest to those who have not ings. If there is failure in this great been able to obtain tickets for the other copference of the servants of our Lord, halls. it will not be due to the character of the campaign or the power and person- In all five or six thousand delegates ality of the Leader, but will be chargeand visitors are expected at this con- able to the neglect of His followers to ference in addition to those who come wait for His leading and to follow His from Edinburgh and vicinity. The guidance in the spirit of love. ShalI expenses are to be borne in part by the there not be a world-wide circle of missionary societies, by registration prayer for this conference, with a confees and (most largely) by individual tinual ascending of humble petition contributions. and joyful thanksgiving from every land under the sun-in every lan- Prayera for the Conference guage-by millions of the followers of Christ? There are no doubt some who will be inclined to criticize the plan and conduct of this great conference. It would be strange if no important THE MISSIONARY OUTLOOK IN 1810 AND IN 1910.

BY REV. D. L. LEONARD, D.O.

To alI appearance we are in the missionary situation of a hundred midst of a new departure in missions years ago in contrast with that exist- and behold an uprising of zeal and ing to-day?

courage and strenuous endeavor What was the situation when Mills destined at no distant day to bring in and his three companions, "under the a glorious consummation, the evan- lee of a haystack while waiting for a gelization of the world! The Lay- shower to pass," counseled and prayed men's Missionary Movement is closely over the matter of attempting to send linked with the origin of the American the gospel to the heathen; and his con- Board; since in idea it dates from the viction and assurance found expres- centennial of the haystack prayer- sion in the immortal words, "WE CAN meeting in 1906, and immediately DO IT IF WE WILL I" Well, in general, thereafter its originators began to con- by far the larger portion of the earth's sult and plan and organize. As the surface had never been visited by centennial of the board draws nigh, Europeans, and was still inaccessible.

what can bJ:! more encouraging and Only sailing-vessels were available upiifting than a brief review of the for travel, and trade with distant lands

was but slight. When in the decade ing (one of the most gifted and con- preceding the London Society would secrated among the world's evangel- send gospel heralds to the South Seas, izers), but that work had since gone it was necessary to purchase a vessel into a fatal decline. For two or three for their conveyance. And nearly two generations the Moravians had been decades later, when John Williams lavishing themselves upon various would explore and evangelize in the most needy fields, in both tropic heat same region, he must needs himself and arctic cold, shrinking from no turn ship-builder, also with tools and hardship or peril. In New England, material almost wholly lacking. East- Eliot, the Mayhews and Brainerd had ern Asia at that date was shut and preached Christ to the Indian tribes barred against the entrance of Eu- resident in their neighborhood. Then, ropeans by prohibitions which meant only in the decade preceding, Carey certain death to every intruder. All had stirred the British Baptists to or- Moslem lands were closed as ef- ganize, had himself gone out as pio- fectually by religious fanaticism. neer, with a few others soon follow- Southern Asia (which, with China, ing, and was now fixt in Serampore.

held more than half the human family) His first convert had been baptized in was closed to missionaries by the 1800. The London Society had be- money-greed of the East India Com- gun work in the Society Islands, but pany, coupled with the hysteric fear as yet no signs of blessing were visible.

lest the proclamation of the gospel Henry Martyn had gone out to India would excite Moslem and Hindu in 18°5, and two years later Morrison fanaticism. Africa was well-nigh landed in Canton, spending long wholly unexplored, for until 18I3 Liv- months practically in hiding, tho not ingstone was not born. In the New winning his first convert until 1814.

World, from the northern boundaries The Church Missionary Society had of Mexico to Cape Horn all was in- sent quite a company of missionaries tensely Catholic and intolerant; as was to the fever-breeding coast of West also the bulk of Europe, either Rome Africa, but as yet every convert was or Russia being well-nigh everywhere costing on an average the life of a supreme. It is not in the least strange, missionary.

therefore, that a century since to al- So much for the situation in Great most everybody, even among sincere Britain. On this side of the ocean disciples of Christ, attempts ,at the the case was yet more forlorn. Until world's evangelization appeared ut- 1803 the Mississippi had been the terly wild, absurd and fanatic. western boundary, but Louisiana had recently become ours, and Lewis and What Had Been Done in 1810 Oark had crossed to the Pacific in And, next, what in the way of mis- 1804-05. Florida remained a Spanish sionary effort had. been undertaken? possession until 1819. The popUlation About a hundred years before the of the United States had reached but King of Denmark had sent Ziegen- 7,000,000 in 1810, which is equal to balg and Plutschau to found a mis- that of the Empire State to-day! The sion at Tranquebar, near Madras, with first steamboat had ascend~d the Hud- Christian Frederick Schwartz follow- son the year following the haystack

THE MISSIONARY OUTLOOK IN 1810 AND

meeting; but the first one did not ap- ter the formal beginning of missions pear upon the Western rivers until in Great Britain), fashioned for sub- 1812, on the upper lakes until 1818; stance after the Carey model. Not a reached the mouth of Chicago River little difficulty was found in securing a as late as 1832, and began to make charter from the legislature, one legisregular trips across the Atlantic in lator alleging that the society was "de- r848! Still further, in those dark signed for exporting religion, whereas days the Napoleonic wars were on, there was none to spare from among with his coronation as emperor oc- ourselves," but another replied that curring in 1804; and the political "religion was a commodity such that troubles were thickening which soon the more we exported the more we resulted in three years of war with had remaining." the mother country. And, finally, it is not amiss to recall the fact that The organization and the men were church and state were still united in now secured, but difficulties abundant Massachusetts and Connecticut, and and most serious were in store. As the clergy were all in all in the re- in the Old World, so also in the New, ligious realm; while after them came the beginning of world-missions was the "first families," with the mass of well-nigh ridiculously puny and feeble. the common people holding a place For several years the income was but decidedly inferior. trifling. Thus, at the end of 1811 only $999.52 had been contributed. Tho Such in general were the world- the next year $13,6Il were added, the conditions when, a hundred years ago amount fell back later to $7,500, the in Williamstown, under a haystack war with Britain being then in progduring a shower, three or four stu- ress. The total for the first five years dents pondered and prayed as to was only $47,000. At length five miswhether they should attempt to send sionaries were ordained and ready to the gospel to the heathen, and one of depart with their wives-Hall, Judthe number uttered the positive af- son, Newell, Nott and Rice. But how firmation, "We can do it if we will J" should they cross the ocean? Ere long Two years later Mills and two others a vessel was ready to sail for Caldrew up in cipher, "public opinion cutta, but had only room for a portion being opposed to us," the constitution of the company. Several weeks later of a society, "to effect in the person a ship would sail from Philadelphia, of its members a mission to the in which the residue secured passage. heathen." Later still the agitation Indeed, so many and great were the was renewed in Andover, the theo- embarrassments that the project was logical seminary having just then been seriously considered of leaving the established, with Judson added to the wives at home! little group. In due time application was made to the General Association After tedious months of ocean of Massachusetts for the formation of voyaging, Calcutta was reached, but a society to undertake the work of only to be notified that they were not evangelization in the foreign field; and wanted in those parts, not only be- June 29, 1810, the American Board cause they were missionaries, but even began to be (nearly twenty years af- more because they were Americans, a people with whom the British were

then at war. And finally, most sicken- than all the centuries preceding. The ing of all, it had occurred that while. railway and the ocean steamship, the on the journey out both Judson and telegraph with the wireless system Rice, tho upon different vessels, and as the latest marvel, have brought the of course without the least conference, ends of the earth together, and are had been pondering upon the proper rapidly making all humankind ac- mode of baptism, and both also had quainted as neighbors, and increasing- concluded that only immersion could ly as brothers. Not a closed land un- meet the gospel requirement. Carey der the sun. A censtitutional govern- soon performed the rite in their be- ment in Japan, Persia, Turkey and half, and both resigned their commis- Russia, and one promised for China.

sions received from the American Every Moslem and Catholic land open Board. Judson, compelled to depart, for the reception of the gospel. World- later drifted to Burma, eventually to conventions becoming common, of the found one of the world's greatest mis- friends of missions, of the Y. M. C. A., sions. Rice returned to America and and the Christian Endeavor.

proceeded to so stir the hearts of mul- And, finally, every considerable titudes of Baptists that a Baptist mis- body of Protestant Christians is or- sionary society was formed, which is ganized for the furtherance of foreign to-day among the largest in the land. missions, and has its representatives Who can do other than count this a abroad. The total annual income ag- wonderful piece of divine strategy, al- gregates not less than $30,000,000, of tho for a season a source of discour- which sum not far from $5,000,000 agement and disgust to not a few (or one-sixth) is contributed by the friends of the American Board. It native Christians. The evangelizing may be added just here that the Meth- force sent out from Christian lands odists organized for missionary work numbers over 20,000, and is reen- in 1819, the American Bible Society forced by tens of thousands of native came into existence in 1816, and in toilers, of whom some 5,000 are or- 1825 the American Tract Society be- dained. Just about 50,000 stations gan to be. and out-stations are centers of Chris- Some Achievement. tian influence. In the churches are more than 2,000,000 communicants, So much for the missionary situa- and every Sunday on an average some tion a hundred years ago. And what 2,600 members are received (enough has transpired since, in the world at to constitute 26 churches, each with large, and in the missionary realm? a membership of IDO). In the 30,000 This query finds an answer in no in- schools are found 1,500,000 children considerable degree by simply revers- and youths, with 100 colleges, univer- ing every statement of fact hitherto sities and theological schools prepar- presented and giving the very oppo- ing future native leaders for their all- site. Thus, the task of world-explora- important tasks. About 400 hospitals tion is practically accomplished. Every and twice as many dispensaries, in region has been visited and its secrets charge of 800 medical missionaries, are have been uncovered. Inventive engaged in the Christ-like task of re- genius has wrought far more marvels lieving suffering and restoring health.

The Bible has been· translated into upon lines which are Indian, Chinese, every language of much importance Japanese, etc. and widely circulated, with school Another phenomenon must be named books and periodicals by the thousand. which marks the present generation, Still further; at the opening of this and possesses great significance as second century of world-evangeliza- touching the Kingdom of God upon tion Protestant promoters of missions earth and its future diffusion. What have attained, at least fairly well, to limitless stores of wealth have been an all-important knowledge of the discovered in the mines of California needs, capacities and limitations of the and Alaska, of South Africa and Ausbelated and inferior races, and have tralia. Besides in the business realm also become acquainted with the civ- combination has largely taken the ilizations of the Orient, as existing in place of competition, with trusts and India, China and Japan; and so have other forms of unifying vast financial learned what to undertake and what resources. As a result, tho much of to let alone; how to reach the un- evil is apparent, much also of benefit evangelized with the gospel of salva- is evident on every side. More and tion; as well as how to train native more the wealthy are becoming pubpastors and teachers and leaders in gen- lic-spirited and benevolent, and lavish eral, so that at the soonest every field their riches upon institutions of learnmay become self-supporting, self-gov- ing, hospitals, asylums, or whatever erning and self-propagating. Still will benefit the unfortunate and needy further, a century since bitterest theo- of humankind. Christian benevolence logical and ecclesiastical strife was has had a phenomenal development well-nigh universal throughout Prot- since modern missions began and is estant Christendom. Hence anything certain steadily to increase, with the approaching to union of effort was Kingdom in its world-wide aspects repractically unthinkable, and both in ceiving its fair share. The Kennedy Great Britain and the United States example can not fail to have .a worthy each body of Christians organized its following, so that all who are ready own society and selected its own field, to give themselves to help make Jesus too often without the slightest regard known to every soul will find the for the presence of others already in means of going abroad abundantly occupation. But within this genera- supplied. tion, and especially in America, a So much for missionary beginnings coming together for acquaintance, and .a hundred years ago, the steady forfellowship, and even cooperation, is ward movement which has attended evident .and steadily increasing; this the decades, with a recent rapid adboth at home and abroad, tho more vance at every point in well-nigh every prominent in the foreign field. There particular. Also, with the crowning the disposition is unmistakable to abol- marvel yet to be named. It began to ish all Occidental names and divisions, exist, at le.ast to be faintly visible, imand for all who accept Jesus as Lord mediately after the celebration of the to meet together and toil together centennial anniversary of the haystack simply as His followers bearing His prayer-meeting, held in part upon the name; or if they divide at all, only very spot. Then and there, with

Mills' immortal exclamation ringing giving of the churches to be expended in their ears and inspiring their whole upon foreign missions; a careful can- being, certain men strong, gifted, in- vass in every church, by a committee fluential, in the foremost rank for busi- of men appointed for the purpose, who ness sagacity and energy, went home call upon every member seeking to to ponder, to plan, and later to or- secure a pledge of at least five cents ganize a mighty campaign for the a week. Hence the plan, tho business- spread of the Kingdom of Heaven, to like in every particular, is simple in hasten the evangelization of the whole the extreme. It lays upon nobody any world, to bring at the soonest the unreasonable or difficult task. The blest day when none shall say, Know campaign has advanced so far and the thou the Lord, but all shall know Him success has been so phenomenal that from the least to the greatest. The we are at liberty, we are well-nigh plan decided upon was original and constrained to believe that the income unique. I t was to supersede or inter- of our missionary societies will be fere with no missionary instrumen- doubled almost at once, with a five- tality already employed, was rather to fold increase secured at no distant reenforce and supplement everyone. day, so that of "the sinews of war"

With the management of the Men's there will be no lack. Moreover, we Missionary Movement the churches as can surely count on our colleges and such have nothing to do, and in the theological schools to do their part execution of the plan no additional in supplying the thousands of men and burden is laid upon the pastors. At the women required, the Young Men's conventions the voice of a pastor is Christian Association and Christian seldom heard. Nothing need' here be Endeavor, the Student Volunteers, the said about the methods of work, the mission study classes, etc. Nor, then, series of conventions covering the con- will it be long before the Divine Re- tinent, from the Atlantic to the Pa- deemer of men, after all these ages of cific, from the Gulf of Mexico to Hud- pleading and waiting, will see of the son Bay, and reaching some four- travail of His soul and be satisfied.

score cities. Not a slip or blunder has All this which we now behold has been made. Everything goes forward come to pass in a little more than a like clock-work, goes from strength century after Carey preached his ser- to strength. The only lack discernible mon and organized his society, after is lack of space for the suppers and Mills' haystack prayer-meeting and for the mammoth assemblages of the organization of the American dead-in-earnest business men. Board. But, the United States and A few brief sentences will suffice Canada to which thus far the Men's to set forth the aims and methods Missionary Movement has been con- everywhere presented: The evangel- fined, constitute but a fraction of the ization of the world in this generation Protestant world; and how about our (that is, the proclamation of the good brethren in Great Britain and upon news in every neighborhood under the the Continent? Are they also to share sun, so that every living soul may in this mighty impulse toward world- . hear of Jesus and His redeeming evangelization? Weare under great- love); at least one-fourth of all the est obligation to Germany for the Mo-

A DECISIVE HOUR IN PROTESTANT

ravians and a long list of devoted and to duplicate the work; only, it may be, heroic soldiers of the cross, to Hol- making modifications here and there land also and Scandinavia. Britain in certain details to adapt it to conwe thank for her Carey and Morrison, ditions at home. What is to hinder her Moffat and Livingstone, and a careful canvass of every Protestant others by the score; so that our debt church in Christendom to secure at to Europe is one unspeakably great. the least the cost of a car-fare every And the query comes, has not the time week from every man and woman and arrived when we can make at least child who names the name of Jesus, part payment, and even in kind? May and to make the gifts to missions it not also occur that in the Edinburgh amount at least to one-fourth of all Conference, following as it does al- the giving for the Kingdom, that so most immediately upon the close of even this generation may behold the the laymen's conventions, at which dawn of the latter-day glory? Then many delegates from the Continent will the Hallelujah Chorus be in orwill be found, the Old World laymen der. He shall reign forever King of will catch the inspiration and go home kings, and Lord of lords.

A DECISIVE HOUR IN PROTESTANT MISSIONS * BY DR. JULIUS RICHTER The title of this address may seem in religious and moral standards, exaggerated to some; yet I shall try which inhabit the continents of Afto emphasize the greatness of the work rica, and some parts of Asia, Auslying before the Christian Church in tralia, and America. The missionary our day. It is the greatness of the work among them has a striking revision, it is the vastness of the task semblance to the missionary task of which will call out every atom of the Christian Church of the three or strength in our innermost lives. I four first centuries of medieval times, shall try in short outline to lay before the evangelization of the German and you the three great tasks of the Chris- Slav peoples; and it will help us to a tian Church. Two of these are well clearer understanding of the present known to you; we shall try to see situation if we concentrate our attenthem in a fresh light. The third is tion for the moment on the characonly just dimly emerging before our teristic features of those days. The inner vision. The first and second of missions of the Church then had three the two tasks have parallels in the his- advantages. At first the area of the tory of the Church; we shall trace work was well defined; it comprized these parallels. The third task has the northern and eastern half of no parallel in history. Europe, including the British Isles. The climate was everywhere health· I. The first great task lying before ful. The nations which were the ob· the Church is the evangelization of the ject of the mission were of a remarkprimitive races, all those dark, dull able homogeneity. They belonged peoples, low in civilization, even lower • An address delivered at The Student Volunteer Convention, Rochester, New York, December 31, 1909. Reprinted here by permission of the Student Volunteer Movement.

only to two families of peoples closely their modes of life and their thoughts related; they spoke only two different have almost no points of contact.

tongues, tho these were split up in There seem to be almost no connecting many dialects which it was not diffi- links between the colored people of cult to master after having learned Africa and the Papuans of Melanesia, one of the principal languages, and or the stalwart Indians of America; the social, political, moral and re- the whole sphere of each race and all ligious standards were almost identical the standards of life are totally differ- among them. ent from those of the other races. Let It was a second great advantage me, as an illustration only, refer to the that then the Church was able to con- manifold differences of languages. In centrate her whole energy on this one the line of the Melanesian islands from task of foreign missions. Doctrinal the New Hebrides to the Bismarck disputes absorbed little of the strength Archipelago and New Guinea about of the Church in those dark ages, and one hundred or more different lan- the state, in consequence of its close guages are spoken; every small island, connection with the Church, was only every clan or tribe has its own, under- too willing to lend her its mighty arm stood often only by some four or five for her endeavors. hundred people. After a missionary It was a third advantage that the has mastered with ceaseless toil one of peoples among whom the missionaries these languages he becomes aw.are, to went were of a decidedly superior his disappointment, that he is not able character. They showed from the be- to make himself understood even a ginning evident signs of .an intellectual few miles farther inland, or on the power and of a moral strength far next island. In Africa about two hun- beyond the average. It is a remark- dred different languages are spoken, able fact that those nations, in the first belonging to at least three quite dis- centuries of their Christian era, pro- tinct families of languages. It is hard duced literary masterpieces of imper- to estimate how far the work of ishable value, the Edda of the Scan- Protestant missions has been retarded dinavians, the Beowulf of the Anglo- by these diversities of the primitive Saxons, and the Heliand of the North races.

Germans. It is a second disadvantage that the The similarities of this missionary Church of our day is not able to con- period to that of modem days have centrate her whole energy on her for- often been pointed out; but the differ- eign mIssIons. Doctrinal disputes ences are perhaps even more striking. reaching down even to the very foun- What a disadvantage it is for modem dations of Christian truth claim her missions that their spheres of work earnest attention. And the changing among the primitive races are so wide- conditions in the social life, as well as ly scattered and diversified. The the growing emigration from the climate is in most regions rather un- Christian lands, absorb much of her healthy, often endangering even the strength.

lives of the foreign agents. The peo- Thirdly, it seems to be an unde- ples themselves are most diverse in niable fact that at least some of the all directions, and their languages, tribes which are at present the object

A DECISIVE HOUR IN PROTESTANT MISSIONS

of Protestant missions are of a de- ligious ideas, the same philosophies, cidedly inferior type, at least at the the same yearnings, the same social present time. Of course it would be and political problems were all over unjust and premature to give a defi- the Roman Empire. It was a second nite statement on so large a question. great help that this whole spiritual Yet, after the missionaries have been world was in a state of decay and de- for a century or even ISO years in composition. The old gods and faiths close contact with peoples like the had lost their grip on the nations; Eskimo of the arctic regions, or the new gods, new religious motives, new Hottentots in southern Africa, we revelations were eagerly sought after must rely on their judgment that by the most earnest thinkers of those probably these clans will never come days. And Christianity entered this to an age of spiritual maturity, to in- decaying civilization as the living dependent political or Church life. force in a dying world.

2. Yet in spite of all difficulties, The different character of the presthere would be no doubt that the ent situation is apparent if we realize Protestant churches were able to fulfil to what an extent the world of Asiatic this large and promising task among culture lacks homogeneity. There are the primitive races, if at the same time at least four quite distinct types of reand with equal urgency a second task ligious and social developments condid not wait for her, the evangeliza- fronting the Protestant missions; the tion of the cultured nations of the Indian Brahmanism, with all its differ- East, those peoples of an an.cient ent forms from the crudest vulgar civilization in India, in China, in idolatry to the spiritual philosophies Japan, in the Near East, which have of the Vedanta; the far-eastern for hundreds and even thousands of Buddism, with its soporific and deadyears lived their own life in religion, ening influences on the national life, in literature, and in the arts, and have the cold tho lofty ethicism of Conpermeated their whole national life fucius, the phophet of the Chinese, with the leaven of their own thoughts and the dry, fonnalistic, fanatical and customs. Again a striking parallel Islam of the Near East. presents itself in the work lying before the Church during the first three cen- Each of these religions has been turies of its era, the evangelization of able, through hundreds and even thouthe Greek and Roman world, and it sands of years, to permeate and leaven will be suggestive to look for a mo- with its spirit those lands and peoples ment at the characteristic features of in their poIitcal, social and private those times. life. And the Church can not leave one of these systems for a more or It was a great advantage for the less remote future. She must begin Christian missions in the Roman Em- the struggle with all of them at once, pire that its civilization and culture she must wage her spiritual war with were decidedly homogeneous. One different and with ever-changing language, the Greek, was sufficient to fronts. bring the gospel from far-eastern Syria to out-of-the-way western Spain. All the more important is the ques- The same cast of thought, the same re- tion whether or not those religious systems of Asia are in the same state

of disintegration as we observed in promoters even in Europe. It seems the Greek civilization of the first cen- to me that this period of exaggerating turies. The opinion of the Protestant unduly the merits of the Asiatic remissionaries has changed in a remark- ligions to the disadvantage of Chris- able way on this point during the last tianity is rapidly passing away. Yet century. When the first missionaries it leaves Protestant missions in a dis- entered India a hundred years ago and tinctly different position. And this saw the gross idolatry and the most brings me to my third point. disgusting and decadent forms of re- 3. We are beginning to realize that ligious life, even at the sacred places this whole manifold world of religious of Hinduism like Benares, they were beliefs, from the crudest forms of soon convinced that this degraded re- fetishism and animism to the loftiest ligion had no right, divine or human, revelations of sufistic spirituality or to live any longer; that it must yield of Confucian idealism, is one great soon to the onrush of the higher type and coherent evolution of the religious of religion represented by Christianity. genius of mankind. The comparative Similarly, when the first Protestant study of religions and of the historic missionaries became familiar with the development of the different religions gross forms of idolatry prevalent brings us face to face with the fact among the lower classes of China, they that there are deep longings in the arrived .at the conviction that there was human heart which in all climates and no inner life, no uplifting power in under the most widely varying conthis crude system. Yet, as the mis- ditions of human life find expression sionaries proceeded in their efforts, in religious systems, and we must try and struggling with those old systems to understand them in their continuity for the salvation of single souls, be- and similarity in spite of all evident came aware of the strong vitali.ty in- disparity. herent in these religions in spite of As we begin to see this comprethe evident forms of outward decay, hensive evolution of the religious they became more and more careful genius of mankind, we become aware in their judgment. Then learned men of what is the final task of the Chrislike Professor Max Mtiller and en- tian religion and of Protestant misthusiasts like Professor Deussen pub- sions. It is to show quite clearly, in lished the religious literature of contradistinction to this whole re- India, and showed to wondering ligious life of humanity untutored and Europe below the bizarre forms of unaided by the divine help, that Christhought, deep yearning for higher tianity is the one great religion of things, wonderful sparks of truth and God, and that it must displace and lofty flights of high philosophies, and will displace all other religions. That we inclined rather to overestimate will be the final test of Christianity; those ancient religious systems to such there its superiority, its victory, will a degree that we were sometimes un- be definitely settled. just toward Christianity. The almost There will be strong competition forgotten Pali literature, too, was un- between Christianity and other religearthed from the dust of centuries, ions as to which has the higher truth; and Islam found ardent admirers and and Protestant missions will have to

AS IT EXISTS TO-DAY

prove that the folly of the cross is here Christ will stand forth triwiser than human wisdom, that Christ umphantly as He who gives life, who is truth. There will be stronger com- is the life of the world, and in Him petition as to what religion presents we rejoice with joy unspeakable. the nobler and purer ideals of morality "Blessed be the God and Father of our and is able to supply the strength to Lord Jesus Christ, which according live up to those standards. And here to His abundant mercy hath begotten again Protestant missions will have us again into a lively hope by the to prove that Christ, not Mohammed resurrection of Jesus Christ from the or Buddha, is the only ideal leading dead." humanity up to higher life; that Christ is the way, the only way, up to God. Great times require great men. May There will be strongest competition as the Church of Christ be granted such to what religion stands the final test, great men living up to the great tasks being able to give life and to re- of their generation and filling the generate single persons and whole Church anew with that triumphant nations by supernatural power. And assurance of St. John: "Our faith is the victory that overcomes the world."

SHACKLE USED FOR NECK AND HANDS OF SLAVE WOMEN SLAVERY AS IT EXISTS TO-DAY BY TRAVERS BUXTON, ESQ., LONDON, ENGLAND The character and extent of present- apt to think that slavery was then day slavery is a subject on which too finally overthrown, and in the twenlittle is known. The vitality which tieth century is no longer a living the many-headed monster of slavery issue. This is far from being the still possesses is very inadequately case. realized. Remembering the great struggle which took place at the end Africa has always been the great of the eighteenth and the beginning home and center of slavery and the of the nineteenth centuries to secure slave trade, and centuries of these the abolition of the slave trade and of practises have deeply imprest the cusslavery in the British colonies, we are tom upon the mind and life of the native African, so that it will take

long to eradicate these evils. More- haps the most important, the degradaover, slavery takes many forms and tion involved in the buying and selling the growing importance of the ques- of human beings on the level of tion in one form or another can not beasts, with the inevitable moral evils be doubted by anyone who remembers which always attach themselves to the how, within the last quarter of a cen- practises of slavery. In the words of tury especially, Africa has been com- the late Mr. Gladstone: "I hold the ing more and more under the control great evil of slavery to have been not of the EUropean powers. The con- physical suffering, but moral debasetinent has been opened in a remark- ment. It degrades God's human able manner and now labor is needed creatures below the human level." If in order to develop the country. In this was true when slavery prevailed the greater part of Africa, either for unchecked throughout Africa, it is reasons of climate or from traditional still true, altho to-day slavery has custom that labor can only be done by changed its form, so that it is not blacks. The white man, therefore, easy to define exactly how far it exneeds the black man to develop the tends. country for him, and the area from which labor can be obtained is limited, The traffic in human beings is not so that the pressure becomes greater extinguished, nor is it likely for some as the country is more and more years to come throughout the conopened. The black man, on his side, tinent of Africa, in spite of the efforts has reason from his past experience of European powers. Caravans of of slavery to suspect the white man's slaves are still conveyed from the inmotives; their aims appear to be op- terior of the continent to the west and posed as those of capital and labor, north coasts. Raids and kidnaping and consequently difficulties and are not completely supprest. So long strained relations are too apt to arise as there is a demand for slaves, so between them, even when there is no long will their supply somehow or conscious intention to treat the native other be kept up, for the risks greatly as a slave. enhance the value of the human mer- chandise. In 1902 the report of the It is not easy to give an exact defi- Zanzibar International Maritime Bunition of slavery. It does not consist reau stated that "The attempts of in ill-treatment of the enslaved, for Arab dealers to recruit slaves in East it is possible for slavery to exist where Africa will not come to .an end so the slaves are well treated. Probably long as there exists markets and disthe most prominent marks of slavery tricts about the Persian Gulf where and slave-trading are, first, the forcible slaves fetch a good price." In the uprooting of natives from their homes same year reports were received of a and the breaking up of families, in development of the traffic on the Moorder to obtain the labor of the slaves zambique coast and the commander of where it is wanted; second, the waste the Portuguese naval division of the of human life in bringing slaves from Indian Ocean spoke of a traffic which one place to another; third, the bind- was carried on by syndicates of ining to compulsory labor and limita- fluence, which exchange firearms and tions of freedom; and fourth, and per- gunpowder for slaves, who find a

AFRICA

To.l//vstrare the moder.

SLAVE TI2ADE "'….

+ $}ow' SI.:ue P,"sr'"r;ct"s ___ …_ ,slave 7f?,.o(,;re$ 8~r——-~—————–+——~—–1——~—-~~~~~~40 10 cO .30

SLAVERY AS IT EXISTS TO-DAY

ready sale at Muscat. Trade was also smuggled from the coast of the reported to be carried on on a smaller Egyptian Sudan. There is recent eviscale with almost no risk and with dence from a trustworthy source that possibilities of development. "Hun- the absence of a British guard-ship dreds, and even thousands, of ne- from Aden a year or two ago led to groes," he wrote, "are and will be an increase in the slave tr.ade which transported with impunity like com- was said to be going on practically mon bales of merchandise," for so unchecked in the southern part of the long as the boat's papers are regular Red Sea. A British man-of-war was RUBBER GATHERERS IN THE KONGO STATE the slave-dealers can not be touched by at once sent out to Aden, but these the terms of the Brussels Act. slow cruisers, the movements of which are well known to the slave-dealers, The maritime traffic, then, is not yet are useless for catching the fast slave stamped out, altho it has been made dhows, which can easily go where the much more difficult from the East large ships can not follow them. A Coast for slaves to be embarked in special slave-trade department has any number, as a more effective con- been created and much good work in trol has been established over the coast this direction has been done in the ports. Lord Cromer has repeatedly Egyptian Sudan to suppress dealings stated in official reports that it is very in slaves, and to stop up the old slave difficult to prevent th'! trade which routes. goes on in slaves between Arabia and Turkey, to which countries slaves are In his last report as British repre-

sentative in Egypt, 1907, Lord useless. Efforts have been made to Cromer wrote that the most important influence the new Turkish Constitupolitical question was how slavery tional Government to stop the slave might be completely abolished without trade in Tripoli, but, unfortunately, causing serious disorder. Grave thus far without result. It is hoped, difficulties have still to be encountered however, that the capture and occubefore it is completely eradicated, and pation of Abecher, the chief town of many years' steady pressure will be V/adai, in June of last year, by French necessary before the end is reached. troops, will deal a serious, and ulti- mately a fatal, blow to this traffic, as The last official report of the Egyp- Abecher has been a usual startingtian Sudan refers to slave-raiding point for caravans going north. The carried on in defiance of the govern- disaster to a French force in this rement in Kordofan, where fighting had gion early in the present year is taken place and the opposition was enough to show that French control only overcome at the cost of some loss of Wadai is not yet fully established. of life. In the southern part of the Sudan we have reason to know that We have recently learned that for an active trade has been carried on the last ten years a regular slave by the Senoussi clan, who deal with traffic has been carried on between slaves in exchange for firearms West Africa and West Central Afbrought from the north. According rica to Mecca, by way of the Chari to information received by the anti- River, through the French and Angloslavery societies of England, France, Egyptian spheres of influence. It is and Italy, the victims of this trade are greatly to be desired that the authorobtained in the Anglo-Egyptian and ities of both countries should estab- French spheres of influence-Darfur lish more posts to check this transport and Wadai, respectively – whence of slaves, and representations are they are conveyed by an old slave being made at the present time with route leading northward through the this end in view. desert to the oasis of Koufra, from which point the caravans divide, some In British East Africa the slavery of the slaves being taken, it is said, question has always been prominent; toward Egypt, but the greater number the interest of Great Britain in that to Tripoli, where such of them as sur- region largely originated with the devive the hardships of the journey and sire to abolish the slave trade. Many are not sold in Tripoli are exported decrees have been passed in Zanzibar, in considerable numbers to Turkish through pressure exercised by Great ports, in utter defiance of the Brus- Britain upon the Sultans of that counsels Act. It is true that the negroes try ever since 1873, but all were to a transported to Turkey must show great extent evaded. After the dectheir freedom papers, but through the laration of the British protectorate negligence or connivance of the Turk- over Zanzibar in 1890, the question ish authorities, these are given with- became more urgent, but it was not out inquiry to the dealers who wish until r897 that a decree was passed to export slaves, and the provisions for the abolition of the legal status of of the Brussels Act are thus rendered slavery in the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba. This measure was one of a

SLAVERY AS IT EXISTS TO-DAY

very cautious character; it established by the proposed decree were excluded a court to receive claims for freedom from obtaining their freedom, are now and to grant compensation to the mas- able, with certain reservations, to ters, and the emancipation of the slave claim it. The passing of this measure population has proceeded very slowly. brings a long and painful chapter in Cruelties on the part of the owners may be said to have been entirely abolished, and it is reported that many slaves prefer to remain in nominal slavery rather than work under con- tracts. Many of the best class of freed slaves have managed to buy small estates for themselves, and the prosperity of these men is growing.

In the coast territories of the East Africa Protectorate, slavery ceased to be legally recognized in October, 1907, after much pressure had been brought to bear upon the authorities, the diffi- culty being increased by the fact that the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba ancl a narrow coast strip of territory on the mainland of British East Af- rica are subject to the nominal rule of the Sultan of Zanzibar. In Octo- ber I907, an ordinance was passed de- claring the legal status of slavery abolished throughout the protectorate; SOLDIERS OR SENTRIES EMPLOYED BY THE the territory is, however, so vast and KONCO STATE so little known that an institution so in- the history of East Africa to a satis- grained in the people can not be factory conclusion, but time and effort wholly supprest for some time to are still needed to insure the abolition come. In May, 1908, the British Gov- of slavery in spirit as well as in letter, ernment announced their intention of and to fit liberated natives to use their introducing into the islands of Zan- freedom to good advantage.

zibar and Pemba the system in force As to the west side of Africa, Sir on the mainland, and the long-prom- Frederick Lugard, who was then High ised decree amending and extending Commissioner, wrote in 1901 of north- the measure of I897 was published in ern Nigeria (which, since the begin- July, 1909. Its terms are brief and ning of 1900, has been a British pro- straightforward: compensation is tectorate under imperial control), that awarded to freed slaves who are un- there was no other part of Africa where able to earn their own living; but no the worst forms of slave-raiding existed compensation, either to masters or to so terrible an extent and were pros- slaves, will be granted after the end ecuted on so large a scale. In his last of 19II. Women of the harem, who report for 1907-08, the present gov-

ernor was able to state that the whole Portuguese authorities on the west condition of the country has entirely coast made it utterly futile to try and changed. Slave-dealing is reported to cope with the slave trade that thrives be disappearing in nearly all the in the interior of Central Africa. provinces, as a result of the efforts of the resident officials and the coopera- Other Forms of Slavery tion of the authorities in the adjoining French and German territories. The It is clear that the wide-spreading natives generally are becoming more evils of African slave-trading and fully aware that slave-dealing is slavery are far from fully supprest. heavily punished by law, but so long But the most dangerous, because more as complete control over the whole of subtle, forms of slavery at the present the pagan areas is not established, so time are those which disguise themlong would the inhabitants continue selves under an alias. to sell their children. In dealing with the African native Southern Nigeria, like the north- there may be said to be two entirely ern protectorate, was only a few years opposed policies-that of educating, ago the scene of an organized system training and civilizing him to occupy of slave-raiding and dealing; these a useful place in the community, and proceedings on a large scale are said that of exploiting and using him to have been crusht by the military merely as a tool for the profit of the operations of 1902, but private slave- white man. The extreme example of dealings can hardly be considered to this exploitation policy is seen in the be extinct. The sending of punitive miscalled Kongo Free State, which expeditions to overcome the opposi- Kas started as a great international tion of the natives to civilized cus- philanthropic scheme for opening up toms still appears to be too frequent. a vast district of Africa to free trade, civilizing the native tribes and pro- In the extreme southern part of the moting their moral and material wel- Kongo State, and near to where the fare. This State has been turned into Portuguese territory abuts on the a great commercial and financial conconfines of unadministered British ter- cern, whereby the natives are ground ritory in northwest Rhodesia, slave- down by incessant tyranny to produce hunting is still carried on with vigor, rubber for European markets. As the and the natives so raided are carried British Prime Minister said in Novemby slave-raiders unhindered through ber last, "The conditions on which the the Portuguese colony of Angola to Kongo Free State was founded have the ports on that coast, whence they not only never been fulfilled, they have are exported under the name of "con- been continuously and habitually viotract laborers" to the coco plantations lated." The present Foreign Secreof S. Thome and Principe. In I90r tary has described the condition of the acting administrator of northwest things as amounting to "slavery pure Rhodesia described the havoc wrought and simple." The consequences of by the slave traffic in Central Barotsi- this system have been described by a land, which the administration of host of witnesses, official and unoffi- Northwest Rhodesia were doing their cial, belonging to many European nabest to check, but its toleration by the tions and by the reports of British

SLAVERY AS IT EXISTS TO-DAY

and American consuls, as well as by rendered its claim to all the natural the investigation of a commission ap- produce of the soil of the country, pointed a few years ago by the late and promised to open the country King Leopold himself. The annexa- gradually to freedom of trade. It furtion of the Kongo State by Belgium ther promised to abandon the tax paytook place in August, 1908, but the able by the natives in foodstuffs, which benefit to the natives resulting therefrom appears to be little or nothing. In ON 'BOARD A SLAVE STEAMER OFF 'rlJE COAST OF AFRICA June, 1909, the British Government, in a dispatch to Belgium, stated that no is an immense burden upon them; to reports had reached his Majesty's collect native taxes in money; to limit Government to show that the amount porterage and to introduce other imof forced labor and illegal or ex- portant reforms; but, on closer examcessive taxation exacted from the na- ination, these promises of reform are tives had diminished. A German gen- seen to be less satisfactory than was tleman, Dr. Dorpinghaus, who went first thought. The opening of the out to the Upper Kongo for scientific country to legitimate trade between investigation in the service of one of the natives and the outer world is to the concessionary companies, was so be made only in three stages of six, horrified by what ·he daily saw of the eighteen and thirty months, respectworking of the state system of admin- ively. It appears that the half of the istration that last year he gave up his territory which is to be first opened post and returned to Europe. He to trade is already, to a large extent, writes in his report, copies of which are in the possession of the British, American and German governments, "The history of modern civilized nations has scarcely ever had anything to equal such shameful deeds as the agents in the Belgium Kongo have been guilty of." He does not think that Belgian annexation will appreciably alter the state of things. Raids have recently been carried out in the Kasai district for native labor for railway construction by Belgian officials, when men, women and children were taken by force, villages pillaged, and chiefs bound and taken away. Other recent evidence is to the same effect.

In November, I909, certain important reform proposals were put forward by the Belgian Government, the most important point in which was that the Government of Belgium sur-

exhausted of rubber. Of the other been so closely stamped upon the ex- half, one-third is to be opened in isting Kongo regime, will clear the eighteen months, and another third, way ultimately for a saner and more including the Welle territory, in two humane policy, but it is very doubtful years and a half, while in the remain- how far King Albert will be able to ing third (to which Dr. Dorpinghaus' inaugurate the necessary reforms and report related) the existing system is to induce the Belgian people to take to be maintained for an indefinite an interest in the question of Kongo period. Hitherto the Welle district administration and show their willing- has escaped the full pressure of the ness to provide the funds without rubber tax, and it is known that the which no reform can be carried out.

new district commissioner recently re- A similar system to that in the ceived official instructions to enforce Kongo State prevails in part of the the tax vigorously. It seems only French Kongo (unlike that of the too probable that before the country French dominions in West Africa).

is opened to free trade, pressure will Here natives have been expropriated be applied by the State and the com- on a large scale and are not allowed panies, and every effort made to to work the natural products, which squeeze it to the utmost and so cause are exploited by concessionary com- further suffering to the hapless na- panies, who compel the natives to work tives. These proposals appear to be for them by violent means. The largely the result of economic neces- Kongo system is simply the policy of sity, and indicate that the forced labor exploitation of the native of Africa system is ceasing to pay. The posi- logically carried to its extreme limit.

tion of the concessionary companies Another flagrant example of a remains unchanged under the scheme modern slave system is that which proposed. has prevailed for many years in Por- A well-known Belgian reformer, M. tuguese West Africa, in order to pro- Lorand, points out that the carrying cure labor for the development of the out of these proposals will entail enor- sugar and coco plantations in the mous difficulties, notably the cost to colony of Angola and the islands of the Belgian exchequer. The budget S. Thome and Principe. This is in- by which the revenue for I9IO is to distinguishable, except in name, from be raised provides that about one-half the old slavery. During the last few of the whole amount is to be drawn years more has been known about the from the old source-the proceeds of character of this labor, owing to the forced native labor in the collection of investigations of Mr. Henry W.

rubber and copal. The truth is that Nevinson (who went out a few years any reform scheme put forward is ago on behalf of Messrs. Harper & worthless without the provision for a Brothers, the well-known publishers), substantial grant-in-aid for adminis- and of certain missionaries who have trative purposes to replace the forced become acquainted with the system.

labor system. At present, there is no Recently three large English coco sign that this is forthcoming. firms, who are directly interested in It is hoped that the death of King the question, have made investigations Leopold II, whose personality has and issued a report. The chief evil

1910J SLAVERY AS IT EXISTS TO-DAY

consists in the way in which the native the unhealthy islands, from which they laborers are obtained in the hinterland never return." of Angola, where they are procured by dealers by force or fraud and are Last summer the Portuguese Govconveyed hundreds of miles to the ernment published new regulations for coast under conditions of the worst the islands, limiting recruiting to cerkind. They go through a form of tain areas, etc., and shortly afterward contract for five years, but once in a decree was published by which the the islands, which are entirely devoted recruiting of Angola natives was susto the growing of coco, they never, pended until the end of January. The until quite recently, have been known value of all such regulations, how- ever, wholly depends upon the possibil- AFRICAN SLAVES DISEMBARKING AT s. THOME to return to their homes. Within the ity of their being really carried out. last few months it is stated that some Now that many of the large English few of these laborers have been re- coco firms have announced (as they patriated; but of the whole number did last year) that they would cease who are sent to the islands every year to purchase the Portuguese coco until -about four thousand-those who re- free labor was introduced, their exturn to their own land is almost inap- ample has been followed by many preciable. Mr. Joseph Burtt, who, other manufacturers, both on the contwo years ago, was sent out as a rep- tinent and in America. resentative of the coco firms to report on the conditions of labor in S. Thome The Anti-slavery and Aborigines and Principe, wrote in his report: Protection Society sent a deputation to America last autumn in the persons of "Under the existing system hun- Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Burtt to awaken dreds of black men and women are, and inform public opinion in the against their will, and often under cir- United States, as it was found that cumstances of great cruelty, taken the Portuguese coco had been bought away every year from their homes and in by American manufacturers at a transported across the sea to work on slightly cheaper rate. The result of

Mr. Burtt's visit has been most en- Hay, then British Minister, the sale of cour,aging, as he was received with slaves in open market was stopt in the great cordiality and had the opportu- coast towns many years back. From nity of addressing many meetings and reports, however, of dealings in obtained interviews with prominent slaves in the last few years, it is to coco manufacturers. We may reason- be feared that as a consequence of the ably hope that the pressure exercised generally disturbed state of the coun- by the British and American buyers try, things have recently gone back of the coco will induce the Portuguese and the slave trade can be carried on traders to amend the system, to which without much difficulty. It is hoped many of the Portuguese themselves that the import of slaves into the coun- are entirely opposed. try from the south will be more and Last year attention was called in more checked as French influence the British press to a story of cruel grows more powerful in the south- oppression and wrongs systematically eastern frontier of Morocco. In I 906, inflicted on the native Indians em- at the Algeciras Conference, a resolu- ployed in the collection of rubber in tion recommending the abolition of the remote district of the Putumayo slavery in Morocco was passed, and River (a tributary of the Amazon), it was then stated by the British Gov- the sovereignty of which is disputed ernment that representations had been between Peru and Colombia. The al- mitde to the Sultan urging that the legations as to the working of the regulations against the public sale of system were very circumstantial and slaves in coast towns and their trans- of a most revolting character, relating port by sea should be strictly ob- to a demand by the Peruvian Amazon served.

Company, which has offices in the city Enough has perhaps been said to of London, for extortionate quantities show how real and wide-spread an of rubber from the natives employed, evil slavery still is, and the direction barbarous penalties, including savage in which its dangers generally lie has flogging, mutilations, torture and been indicated. We can hardly over- death inflicted for shortage. The com- estimate the value of strong and in- pany's agents are described as men fluential public opinion. If it is true, of the lowest type, frequently fugitive as is sometimes maintained, that the criminals. Questions were asked in old humanitarian spirit which actuated Parliament, and the British Govern- the anti-slavery leaders of the last cen- ment is stated to be following up the tury has been weakened and impaired matter. by the trend of modern thought, as The British Anti-slavery Society has well as by the present-day haste to be- for many years interested itself in the come rich, there is more need for con- question of slavery in the benighted stant vigilance, especially on behalf country of Morocco, and has on of the Anglo-Saxon nations, who must several occasions sent out deputations remember the high traditions of the to that country. Owing to this so- past and the importance of maintain- ciety's efforts, and through the power- ing a continuity of moral policy on ful influence of Sir J. Drummond this question.

BOYS AT OLD ELATJ WEST

CAN AFRICA BE CHRISTIANIZED?

BY REV. A. WOODRUFF HALSEY, D.D., NEW YORK Secretary of the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions The Presbyterian Church in the has work in this section of Kamerun. United States of America, through its With the exception of some Roman Board of Foreign Missions, is en- Catholic missions, the Presbyterian deavoring to answer this question in Church is responsible for this entire one corner of the dark continent. It section of southern Kamerun. has four mission stations in the Ger- It is less than thirty years since man colony of Kamerun on the west Adolphus Good, of blest memory, the coast of Africa. One of them, Ba- story of whose achievements is so tanga, 170 miles north of the equator, fittingly told in that splendid volume, is on the sea coast; the other three, "A Life for Africa," by Miss Parsons, Efulen, Elat and Lolodorf, are in the blazed the way into the unknown interior. Batanga was opened in Kamerun district. For the first two 1885; Efulen, 45 miles east of Ba- decades the progress was slow. The tanga, in 1893; Elat, 38 miles east of last five years great advance has been Efulen, in 1895, and McLean, 70 miles made. northeast of Batanga, in 1897. No In 1905 it was the privilege of the other Protestant missionary society writer of these lines to visit the sta-

tions in Kamerun. He w.as the first and guidance before being received secretary of the board to visit the mis- into full membership. The number of sion. His coming had been heralded missionaries has not increased in the for months. Many were drawn to four years. The amount appropriated church services out of curiosity. The by the board in New York for the audiences represented the high-water West Africa mission was practically mark of attendance for the year or the same in 1909 as in 1905. Mean- for any year in the various stations. while, however, every church became At Batanga, not more than 250 people self-supporting, and the savings in ap- were present at any single gathering. propriations for native work were At Efulen, on a clear Sunday morning, sufficient to support two American 800 were present. At Lolodorf, 1,100; missionaries for the entire year.

at Elat, 1,600. These numbers were Whence this great transformation?

considered extraordinary. In so far as it can be traced, it would On the first Sunday of July, 1909, seem to be due to the development of there were present at the communion educational evangelistic work. Many service at Batanga, 1,200; at EfuIen, years ago .the Presbyterian Board 1,600; at Lolodorf, 1,700; at Elat, opened a station at Angom, in Kongo 3,500. In 1905, the average at- Fran<;ais. For seventeen years there tendance at the Sunday services at labored there a man of God, most Elat for the fifty-two Sundays in the saintly and devout. He gave of his year, was less than five hundred. best and laid down his life. His body From August 1, 1908, to August 1, rests at Angom. He was preeminently 1909, fifty-two Sundays, the total at- an evangelist, but the school was tendance at Elat was 61,236, or an neglected. He gathered about him a average of 1,177 for each Sunday of small group of devoted Christians, the year. The offerings for the first some of whom are with us to this day.

half of the year amounted to 624.87 One wonders what would have been marks, or about $159; for the second the result if instead of tireless itinera- half, 1,603.50 marks, or $385. The ting he had devoted his time to training total for the year was 2,228.37 marks, men and women to carry the gospel equivalent to $534.80. The average to their own countrymen. In Kamerun per Sunday for the last six months the missionary multiplied himself by was $64. Board at Elat can be had training the native Christians to do for two cents a day, and wages are the work of evangelists. He created twelve cents a day. During the year an appetite for knowledge, and this is not less than 700 persons in this single the way it was done. The headman station canfest their desire to follow of a town would come to the station Jesus Christ as Lord and Master. At and ask for a teacher. He did this Lolodorf at least 600 con fest Christ, because some boy from his town, and nearly as many at Efulen. These trained in the station school, had come were not received into the Church. It back with a book. He was able to is the rule in the mission to place in- read; he was able to write. He was quirers in a class called N samba (those the wonder and admiration and envy who wish to follow Jesus), and for of the town. The chief was desirous two ye.ars they are under instruction that other boys should learn. He was

CAN AFRICA BE CHRISTIANIZED?

told that he must furnish .a building, quite often; and, in fact, everything to secure food for the teacher, pay for carry one back to the old-time barn-raischarts and slates, and the small equip- ings. At noon Saturday I left Biba with ment needed for these elementary a schoolhouse to be completed 'in the schools. Young men in the station afternoon. Oh, how the boys did cheer schools who gave evidence of special for their new house! proud as peacocks aptitude were placed in a normal class that they built it themselves; and the and taught how to teach. They were men exclaimed over and over, "Whoever then sent out to take charge of the schools in the villages or towns. The number of the schools increased rapidly. In 1909, in the district covered by Elat, not less than twenty-five schools were in operation, one of them being ninety-four miles away. The total enrollment for the year was 1,670. At Efulen there were fifteen such schools; at Lolodorf, fourteen. The people took great interest, as is evidenced by the following account of the new school which was started at Biba. The missionary writes as follows: The people promised to build a BOYS OF THE MISSION SCHOOL, EFULEN, WEST AFRICA schoolhouse, but on my arrival I found the school in the palaver-house, and only saw boys build a house like that before." the ground cleared for a schoolhouse. Indeed, it is a grand thing to think the This was a heartrending sight to see boys in Africa want school, and will fifty boys working at their slates in a build their own house if they are shown place abandoned by the men of the vil- how to do it. lage. I called the men together and told them of the promise they had broken, The village schools are potent as and asked them what they would do if evangelistic agencies, for while the God would break that great promise of young men teachers are not thoroughsaving their souls through Christ? I told ly educated, yet they have had a perthem I came to see the school they sonal experience in grace; have been promised to build, and I intended to see taught the essentials of salvation from it before I left. I told each of the fifty sin in Jesus Christ, and have a heart boys to bring one bamboo pole the next message for the multitudes of people morning, which they did. Friday morn- who are sitting in total darkness in ing I inspected the school, and in the the viJIages round about them. On afternoon I closed school and told the Sundays the teachers conduct morning boys to put up the poles for the house. services at strategic points. The total The wheel was a handy thing to go from attendance in the twenty-five schools town to town, and write up names of in the Elat district during a single men who were to bring mats and bark. This they did, and Saturday morning all the boys were on the place ready to build. Then began a happy period of time. Hymns were sung, yells given. "Ro je bo!" "Ro je bo," was repeated

CROWDS AT A MISSION SERVICE IN THE MACLEAN }d:EMORlAL MISSION STATION, WEST AFRICA term of seven weeks was 25,312. The eager to enter the station school. majority of these people had never Those coming from a distance are reheard the gospel before; a desire was ceived as boarders, and are thus created which led them in time to the brought into a religious atmosphere mission station, where the way was whose influence is most pervading. fully explained. There are station The evangelistic fervor of the Chrisschools at each station in charge of tian school-boy is one of the marked missionary teachers. There are three characteristics of the entire educamain schools, which hold three terms tional system in Bululand. One of the of ten weeks each during the year. missionaries at Lolodorf writes of the The village-school sessions are held work of the past year: after the station schools are closed. During the past year we have been ex- In 1909 at least 4,000 pupils were periencing a revival in all three of our connected with the station and the stations from which village schools have village schools. Not only is the Bible been started during the past few years. taught in each school and Bible verses Speaking of Lolodorf, nearly every letter committed to memory, but the reading- I receive from the village school-teachers books to a large extent are made up of tells about the large attendance at Sun- Scripture, so that the pupils become day services, and many recount the numsaturated with the Word of God. bers who have confest. One teacher Every teacher is a Christian. sent the names of 36 persons who con- fest in one day. One reported as many The village schools are entirely self- as 500 at a single service. supporting, and are feeders to the station schools. The brighter pupils, No doubt the consecration of the after having received the elementary missionary and his devotion has had instruction in the village schools, are much to do with producing this evan-

AFRICA BE CHRISTIANIZED?

A VILLAGE SCHOOL IN WEST AFRICA gelistic spirit among the boys. One ary and the quarterly visit of the of the teachers writes: thirty members of the church-members of Lam to the station at communion Altho my occupation here is the teach- season were the only outside help exing of German, yet I think it is my pri- perienced. In June of 1909 this elder mary business to try and bring mcn and sent an appeal to the station for help. women to a knowledge of Jesus Christ. The astonished missionary on his ar- The work of the boys' school is on my rival found a new house of worship heart, as the school is the best means of in process of erection, built by the spreading the Gospel. voluntary labors of believers; a roll of believers over four hundred in number, It is not easy to tell where the school some of them coming from twenty ends and the Church begins, for each miles beyond Lam, and a rare spirit is both educational and evangelistic of devotion and consecration. The beand neither liveth unto itself. Two ginning of this work was in the vilexamples might be given to illustrate lage school, which became a center of the far-reaching influence of the evangelistic influence for the entire reschool: gion.

The school at Lam, twenty-three Eight miles to the south and west miles from Lolodorf, was the first vil- of Lolodorf, at Muga, the second town lage school in the interior. Muga was school was opened. A group of Christhe second. The story of Lam and of tians was the result. When the main Muga for the year 1909 is one that church was in process of building at will gladden the heart of every lover Lolodorf, Christian women traversed of Africa. The strongest elder of the and retraversed these eight hiIIy miles church at Lolodorf was sent to Lam. in the African sun to sell plantains to His work centered around the school. An occasional visit from the mission-

the missionary, the entire proceeds of tering class received for work done, which were "smilingly contributed to 7,650 marks. Numerous .articles were the building fund." Now there are made, such as tables, sideboards, chif- two hundred believers at Muga. It foniers, bedsteads, rattan chairs, canes, is significant that here also is a large napkin-rings, and various articles of village school. Such illustrations ebony and ivory bric-a.-brac. An en- could be multiplied indefinitely. tire factory or warehouse was con- About the same time that the village structed by the boys in the carpenters'

school was started, the industrial work class directed by a single white mis- was also put on more stable basis. sionary. Orders for tables and chairs Spasmodic attempts at industrial work have come from traders seventy or had been made in previous years, but eighty miles in the interior. The in 1905 the industrial school was whole economic condition has been opened at Elat. This has no doubt changed by teaching the native to use contributed to the general uplift of the the materials so lavishly scattered all people. In the four years great ad- about him. The government officials vance has been made. Industrial work have recognized the value of the work has proved a corrective to too much done, and traders, instead of standing book learning. "A proper balance," aloof and criticizing the work of the writes one of our best missionary missionary, have now been won over teachers, "must be kept between the as earnest friends. The evangelistic dignity of labor and power of learning spirit dominates the industrial school in any community. How much more as well as all the other schools.

in Africa, where the introduction of The real secret of the great advance civilization has already taken from the in Bulu land is the presence of the native his birthright of idleness and Spirit in the heart of the missionary given him in no small measure the and the native Christian. At Batanga birthright of work; granting that the most marked advance has been much learning is not likely to make among the Mayeba people. These the African mad, there is no denying people speak a language which is that it makes him proud, haughty and known by none of the missionaries.

foolish unless it is properly balanced. The awakening among them is due I have several times broken the mis- entirely to the efforts of the native sion statute in the case of boys who Christians. Several have recently live in the day-pupil zone (no pupil been taken into the Batanga churches living within three miles is allowed and there are large numbers in the in the boarding school) by making catechumen classes.

them live on the place and work as a The Christians at Elat have built a cure for idleness." guest-house, where people may lodge Whatever may be the theory re- who come from a distance to stay over garding this matter, the result in Sabbath, while fourteen miles to the Kamerun has been very beneficial to west of the station a house has been the people. Classes in tailoring, in erected in which passing travelers may carpentering, in gardening, have made sleep and find a gospel message from rapid advance. The first six months the Christian attendant who is in of 1909 the tailoring class and carpen- charge. Three hundred persons were

present in this house on a single Sun- encourage them. Tho the station is day in September, and during the but newly opened, there is a school of third three months of the year 1909 thirty-three boys enrolled, and at the forty came from the district to confess end of the first week the tuition and Christ, yet the only instruction they the money to purchase slates had been had received was from the native paid by nearly all the pupils. The Christian who had been trained in the headman of Metet claims ISO women A DETTER-CLASS HOUSE IN ELAT, WEST AFRICA House and Furnishings Made by the Mission App rentices of Elat school and had been taught by the as wives, and 80 sons. All the vices Master. of Africa center about Metet. The headman even offered to give two of The Board has recently opened a his wives to the missionary in exnew station at Metet, some ninety change for the dog and donkey which miles northeast of Elat. The mission- the missionary brought with him. Yet ary who made the tour of exploration the Christian Bulu is willing to remain took with him as carriers a group of at this place. Already there are in Christian young men. They carried training the young people of Metet their sixty pounds twenty miles each who will help to evangelize the vast day, and then at eventide they sought regions beyond. Can Africa be Chrisvillages near their camping-place and tianized? The answer from Kamerun preached Christ. Some of these faith- is a great big YES. What are you doful men were willing to abide at Metet, ing to help civilize the Africans? with no white missionary to direct and

IN FOREIGN MISSION

THE CONDITIONS OF ENLARGEMENT BY REV. D. Z. SHEFFIELD, D.D.

Modern Christian missions, in their modern missions carries a serious ac- lower order of ethical and social cusation against the Christian Church fruitage, have been highly commended for dulness of ear and slowness of by a long list of intelligent men, not heart to hear and heed the divine com- all bearing the Christian name. These, mand to share with our Master in his men have taken note that whatever vork of world renovation.

the source of this transforming power The Christian Church in its inspir- the results were undeniable, that mul- ing thought is a divine institution, but titudes of men and women living in it is equally a human institution in thraldom to evil customs and degrad- the part that men must take in its up- ing superstitions have been delivered building; and as human, its upbuild- from this thraldom, and have entered ing has too often been with feeble into a new social order, with charac- hands and divided hearts. When the ters ethically improved and life ideals writer set out for his mission field in vastly exalted. Again, there are mul- China, Dr. N. G. Clark said to him: titudes of men and women who see in "If we had a thousand missionary "the glad tidings of Christ" a divine candidates we would send them forth, purpose deeper and higher than ethical trusting that the Lord would stir the and social renovation-important as hearts of Christian men and women to this is-which is being slowly wrought give them support." This seems like out of mission fields, nothing less than the expression of an inspiring faith, the restoration of the broken relation- but in the light of forty years of sub- ship between the hearts of men and sequent mission history, we make the heart of God, and a like restora- bold to ask, Would it be wise for tion of the relationship of brotherhood mission boards to adopt such a basis among men. This, to their thought, for carrying on their work? It should is the supreme work which Christian not be forgotten that for every hun- mlSSlons are accomplishing, and dred dollars for the missionary's per- ethical and social amelioration are its sonal support, another hundred must outward results. be provided for equipment if he is to When we study the life and teach- be efficient in his work. As well ings of our Master we discover that neglect to provide guns and ammu- there was no "home" and "foreign" nition for soldiers standing on the in his program of human redemption. line of battle as neglect to provide es- His "kingdom of heaven," his "glad sential agencies for use in mission tidings," were for near and far. work. During the last forty years "Whosoever hath ears let him hear." mission work has recorded splendid The foreign missionary and the home achievements, but-as every mission- pastor are engaged in the one work ary and mission secretary knows-the with their common Master. In this support of this work, both in men and work all who bear the name of Christ means, has been painfully inadequate are called to engage, that eighteen to its growing needs. Instead of the centuries have intervened between the saying, "It takes a dollar to send a apostolic mission-work and that of dollar to the mission field," having in it any element of truth, it is nearer the clay has reached its noontide. It is truth to say, "Mission boards have important that we do not underes- . been doing their work with one dollar timate the greatness of the mission where two were needed for best effi- work still lying before the Christian ciency." Church. It may be wise to take as a President Capen is in the habit of battle-cry, "The evangelization of the saying, in his mission addresses, "We world within the present generation,"

are trying to do a million-dollar busi- but it is not given to men to know the ness on seven hundred thousand dol- length of days or years when the lars capita1." The real status is even Church's obligations in this regard more serious than this statement sug- have been discharged. It is certain gests. The "business" is seriously and that this work is destined to bulk in chronically distrest in many lines of vastly greater magnitude and urgency its activity because it must grow or in the awakened and enlightened con- die, and its roots are continuously sciousness of the Church than it has without proper depth of earth. Condi- as yet assumed. We would not say, as tions in other fields may well be illus- has been said, "The Church as yet trated by those in China. China, by has only been playing with missions."

reason of its threefold awakening, po- The work already accomplished is of litical, social and industrial, has too sacred a character, and has been opened the doors of opportunity for wrought out with too great sacrifice Christian work before there are men to be spoken of as "playing with mis- to enter in or means to sustain their sions"; but it is speaking the exact work. We read that one hundred and truth when we say that down to the forty millions of dollars were given present time mission work has been in the United States in 1909 to edu- accomplished by the prayers and gifts cational institutions, while a compara- and activities of an inner circle of tively trivial amount was given to men and women, who have devoutly similar institutions on mission fields, and intelligently entered into the di- and yet these institutions are con- vine thought for the world's uplift fronted with opportunities for ac- and transformation. That inner circle complishing a work for the young of of men and women must be greatly these distant nations not second in im- enlarged before mission work takes portance to the work being accom- its adequate place among the activities plished for the young of America. of the Church. When a Christian Just now a new note of hope is man says, "I am not interested in mis- being struck by the Laymen's Move- sions," he does not realize that he is ment, holding great and inspiring confessing his indifference to the su- meetings in leading cities in the in- preme work of Christ, and that such terests of a better support of mission indifference is an evidence of his own work. This looks like the dawning of spiritual leanness.

the day of the Church's awakening to The Student Volunteer Movement its world-duty to share more boun- has already covered a sufficient num- tifully of its spiritual riches with its ber of years and has achieved suffi- neighbors across the seas, but much cient success to deserve the thoughtful must yet be accomplished before that study of serious Christian workers.

That organization was born in an at- bership are weak of heart, are igmosphere of prayer; it was nourished norant and fearful, are subject to in a climate of devotion to the person family and social persecution; and yet and teachings of Christ; it was these Christian babes are, doubtless, strengthened and inspired by wide as near and precious to the divine reading of missionary achievement un- heart as are we. Dare we say that we der the guidance of men of first-hand have entered in adequate measure knowledge of the work. They have into the divine compassion for his thus received a double training of children so deeply alienated from his mind and heart to fit them to succeed great Father heart? Are we by our in their chosen work, to enable them prayers and sympathy truly sharing to grapple with its difficulties, and to with onr Master in His world work of know the source of appeal in their human renovation? Are we supportneeds. The meeting recently held in ing the mission work of the Church Rochester, unique in its spiritual to the point of the best efficiency of power and uplift, was a witness both its missionaries? That was a bold to the magnitude and quality of this challenge made by a leading layman movement; it was, further, a prophecy on the platform of the Student Volunof yet greater things in the future. It teer meeting in Rochester, when he is the conviction of the writer, if mis- promised that great body of young sion work is to be more adequately men and women that in the future the supported in the future than it has laymen of the Church would look to been in the past, there must be a it that they and their work should greatly increased number of those who have adequate support on the mission bear the name of Orrist who shall field. He assured them that there was come into a deeper and more intelli- no lack of ability to give this support gent sympathy with His world-re- if only hearts were awakened to the generating purpose, and whose hearts grandeur and urgency of the work. have been quickened with a desire and purpose to have a personal share in Vve are, indeed, at the dawning of this work. the day of greater things in mission work if the appeal from without finds The foundations of the spiritual a glad response from the appeal from temple of God in the earth were laid within; if He whom we call Lord is in a divine sacrifice, and they have truly Lord of our hearts. Then will been built upon in every age of the we build our lives with all that has Church by human sacrifice, and not enriched them into His kingdom, and until the visible Church has been trans- our hearts will yield a glad consecraformed into the invisible will this law tion to the one divine work of reuniof growth through sacrifice be ting the hearts of men with the heart changed. Many thousands of Chris- of God. Then will be fulfilled our tian churches of our p~anting and Lord's great prayer, "Thy kingdom watering are now struggling into life come, thy will be done, as in heaven, on mission fields. Many of this mem- so on earth."

BURMAN AS A

BY REV. L. W. CRONKHITE, BASSEIN, BURMA Missionary of the American Baptist Missionary Union The old dictum of Dr. Ebenezer left-is eternal. Buddhism is not athe- Dodge that "the ethnic faiths are the ism in the sense of definite denial of resultants of human aspiration and the existence of a God. It simply human depravity" is as true of Bud- knows and says nothing about him. dhism as of the rest. Buddha, or as The successive Buddhas are not gods, the Burmese call him "Shin," or but men, who by self-repression and "Saint," Gaudama, lived in India meditation have attained to perfecabout 500 years before Christ. He is tion. They are no longer in the world an entirely historical character, and nor in any way, directly or indirectly, it is just to say that he is one of the connected with it or with men. They finest products of humanity without have simply by their own example divine revelation. Very self-denyingly left a path which others may follow and painfully he elaborated a system and following achieve as they have of religion, if a system without a achieved. known god may be called a religion, which held wide sway in India after According to Gaudama, all time is his death. It was later displaced al- divided into "worlds," or ages, each of which has four periods, the fourth most wholly by Hinduism and Mo- of which is always the period of man. hammedanism, so far as India is con- This is again divided into sixty-four cerned, tho it lingers in N epaul and cycles, and it is in stating the length Shotan. It passed over into Ceylon, of one of these cycles that the peculiar and about fourteen centuries ago into genius of the Oriental imagination Burma, in both of which countries it finds one of its very familiar manifesis still dominant. It exerts, too, a tations. Hinduism is full of such. strong influence in China and Japan Each of these sixty-four divisions is tho compounded there with other of such length that the lifetime of faiths. men increases with their increasing piety from ten years to a number of It is not easy to be just in speaking years so enormous that it is exprest of Buddhism. On its human-aspi- by the figure one followed by 140 ration side no man can withhold from ciphers. Then men begin to degenit his sympathetic respect, even tho he may not be able to hold it in cor- erate, and the lifetimes of the succesresponding esteem. On its human- sive generations shrink back from this depravity side-which is also its prac- vast figure to the ten years with which tical side-it is only what one would the cycle started. This round moveexpect of human nature unassisted by ment in the lifetime of men from one the Scripture revelation. One who cipher to 140 ciphers and back again mingles daily with its devotees is com- constitutes one of the sixty-four cypelled very sadly to say that it has cles, which together make up a peno saving power. riod, while, as said above, four such periods make one of the never-ending, What are its main teachings? As automatically succeeding "worlds" to God, there is no self-existent, eter- into which theoretical Buddhism connal, personal cause. Matter is eter- ceives time to be divided. This presnal, and the law of Buddha-that is, ent age or "world" in which we live the law which Buddha discovered and

has been greatly favored in that four be unsparingly and utterly represt Buddhas have appeared. Gaudama and destroyed. This will be accom- of India is the last of the four, and plished chiefly by meditation. Gauda- there will be one more before this rna so attained.

age ends, or about 2,500 years hence. But such attainment is not practi- The aim here is to give glimpses cable in the course of an ordinary life- of philosophical Buddhism and to time. Hence in part the doctrine of avoid the mass of details which for transmigration. An endless succes- our present purpose are useless-as sion of existences, of inconceivable useless as they are, for the most part, length, is the lot of every man and puerile. It ought to be said that Bud- woman before nirvana is even theo- dhist philosophy is a wonderfully retically attainable. If during any subtle maze. Tho subtle, it is a maze; given existence you accumulate suf- and like other Eastern philosophies ficient merit by austerities, offerings, it is frequently inconsistent with it- meditation, obedience to the precepts self. A maze is of interest, but one of the law, you are likely to be born must not expect to go through it and again, immediately after death, into emerge in an orderly manner. And a rather better form of existence than when one comes to matters of detail, you before enjoyed. The spider may numerous changes have been made become a dog, the dog a woman, the in Buddhism since the days of its woman a man, the man a being of a founder. rather higher order. Any excess of What theoretically is Buddhist sal- demerit in the next existence will set vation? I speak of it as theoretical, one back again, possibly to an estate because very few, hardly any, have lower than he now holds. Those who any serious expectation or desire of take life, as for instance the life of attaining it. Of course there are ex- a fish, pass to the lowest hell, there ceptions. With Buddha salvation is to endure unthinkable torments for not an attaining to holiness. Bud- cons that are practically endless. By dhism has nothing to say of what obedience they may finally escape, and we mean by holiness. Salvation con- begin again the wearisome ascent in sists in escaping from misery. All the scale of being. As an illustration our sorrows spring from action and of the way in which the idea of trans- from desire. School the flesh and the migration lies more or less distinctly mind until all desire ceases, desire in the minds of the Burmese, the mut- in its broadest sense, until nothing tered sentiment of a Burman mur- attracts the mind, until nothing is derer, as he stood upon the gallows, wanted, and therefore all activity to may be given: "I hope that I shall be attain, all activity of every kind a man again in my next existence."

ceases; and nirvana, otherwise spoken And the action of the poor, old, ignor- of as naikban, will be attained. N ei- ant Burman mother would provoke a ther our bodies nor our minds can smile, were i~ not so infinitely sad to possibly be the abode of anything a Christian's heart. Believing that in good. They are essentially and neces- the bleating of a certain calf she rec- sarily evil. They are not, as the Scrip- ognized the voice of her dead son, she tures teach, to be sanctified, but to rushed to the creature, embraced it

BURMAN AS A BUDDHIST

with terms of endearment, purchased ing in and out among the people, at it of its owner, and painfully de- its operation in the lives of its devo- voted her scanty means to providing tees. Of course no religion can be it with every comfort known to its judged exclusively by the lax lives kind. We smile perhaps, but beneath of two, or of a hundred, of its fol- our smile there is a mighty heartache lowers. All we can do is to ask for heathen motherhood. whether, after all due allowance has Self-discipline for purposes of sub- been made for perverted human na- traction, transmigration and nirvana ture, the fruits of the given system are doubtless the three great doctrines in the lives of the mass of its sincere of Buddhism that most strike one's followers are such as to make clear attention. We say self-discipline for its divine origin.

purposes of subtraction. You can not The monks and the laity make up mend the things in your nature. There the followers of Buddhism. A few is not a good side in them to be of the monks are y-thits, or hermits, brought out, much less any divine aid living apart in caves. The mass of to do it. They are all hopelessly and them live in monasteries, attached to necessarily evil; and as said before, towns or villages. In the smaller salvation is subtracting from the flesh towns one monk, or at most two, is and from the heart every desire or the rule. The larger towns have com- activity, and from the being every munities of monks, that is of Bud- element, until all are gone. With dhist priests, living in a common area what is left we rest forevermore in and presided over by a y'han, or ab- nirvana. Whether anything really is bot, who is regarded as of very pe- left is a disputed philosophical matter culiar sanctity. Above the abbots there of infinite tenuity. is one tha-tha-na-baing, or general Beneath the great mass of observ- bishop of the Buddhism of all Burma.

ances which must be carefully kept To him, even the king, in the old by those who definitely address them- days of Burman rule, did obeisance.

selves to the attainment of nirvana, All priests, with their yellow robes, and which remind us of the Jewish their shaven heads, and their seldom rabbis, there are five elementary duties broken vows of chastity, are objects, which lie at the basis of everything along with the Buddha and the Law, else, and are binding upon all men. oi general worship. The y'hans, and With all except the first both the some of the common order of monks, Mosaic code and common morality deserve, from a Buddhistic standpoint are in agreement. They run: ( all at least, the respect which is paid are negative) "do not destroy life; them. Not so much can be said of do not steal; do not commit adultery; the nuns, many of whom enter the do not speak falsely; do not drink in- calling when in straitened circum- toxicating liquors." And it is added, stances for the ease with which it "He who kills as much as a louse or a provides a living through beggary.

bug has broken these commandments." They are held in little repute, but So much for Buddhism in its broad- there certainly are, now and then at est theoretical outlines. We will look least, monks who are sincere in their now, from the standpoint of one mov- austerity, and whose yellow robes

cover traits of character which men If one ask what is the inducement rightly respect. to the Burman to enter the monastic order, the general answer is much The vast mass of the priests, how- the same that it is in other monastic ever, are palpably of the earth earthy. systems. A few relatively are sincere- It is quite impossible, in visiting a ly earnest souls, seeking higher things monastery, to retain anything like re- by the only road known to them. spect for nine out of every ten of Then, of course, there are the unthinkthem. They are not, by the way, ing, who follow custom. Another very priests in any sense, tho the designa- large class is led by considerations of tion has crept into the language of the honorable standing in the com- Europeans concerning them. There munity attached to the priesthood; is no altruism in Buddhism. Each and yet many others by the ease with man is seeking simply and solely his which an idle living is secured. To own individual salvation. The monk many the vows of celibacy and homeoccasionally preaches the law before lessness are made easier by the fact the people, in the sense that he re- that the monk can at any time quit peats by rote portions of the Law, his the monastery, and return to ordinary face screened from his hearers by a life without disgrace. He can take large fan. But this he does simply up his vows again, later on, if so as a prescribed mode of accumulating minded, but, of course, with lost time merit whereby to further his own sal- behind him for the accumulation of vation. Similarly when offerings merit. come to him from his disciples, no gratitude or slightest token of ac- Life in the monastery follows pretty knowledgment is due from him, just as closely a certain narrow routine. You no love is implied on their part. He has can often hear the youngsters of the placed them under obligations by giv- town, boys only, shouting out their ing them the opportunity of acquiring spelling-lessons (for the monks are merit to their own account. To sup- teachers of reading and writing Burport a hundred ordinary men is not mese tho of little else) before the so much, says the Law, as to feed one day has dawned. By half-past seven y'han, or head of a monastery. Aside or eight, the younger monks and some from its lack of an immanent divine of their pupils are out upon the streets, Spirit, its absolute foundation upon marching in single file, with their begselfishness is the principle of death in ging-bowls. The pious householders Buddhism. The duty and merit of along the way make their contribualmsgiving by the laity is always upon tions of rice and other eatables, while the lips of the priesthood. Sometimes the yellow-robed bearer of the bowl it is clothed in beautiful language, as stands rigid with eyes fixt stedfastwhen it is said that "the poor could lyon the ground. These miscellafill Lord Buddha's bowl with a hand- neous acquisitions of the morning ful of flowers; the rich could not do rounds make up the food of the so with a hundred, a thousand, ten younger monks and of the pupils of thousand measures of grain." Liber- the monastery school. After the begality is the chiefest virtue of the laity ging come visitors and conversation in the monks' teaching. until noon, when a meal, chiefly of

19IO] THE BURMAN AS A BUDDHIST

fruits, ensues. Nothing is supposed evasions of both their spirit and letter to be eaten after noon, tho the rule, like are constant. While theoretically not most other monastery rules save that even a layman may take life, not even of chastity, can be evaded. A hungry that of animalcuhe, the ,average priest recluse, sitting with his back to the does not hesitate to eat the flesh of sun, may inquire of a pupil whether it a creature that has been killed by is already noon. The youngster, mind- one of his followers. His own hands ful of the answer that in the long are clean.

run will be best for himself, replies Similarly among the laity. To that it won't be twelve for a good people living in a great river delta, bit yet; but they are afternoon shadows like the Irrawaddy, the temptation to that fall across the viands that he pro- take fish despite the prohibition as ceeds to bring. The earlier half of to taking life is irresistible. The law the afternoon may be given to the is particularly stringent just here, and monk's duties as a teacher of the vil- specially consigns the fisherman to one lage lads, or to idling or to sleep. of the lowest hells. The fisherman N ow and then a more earnest soul on his part smilingly admits the right- devotes it to meditation. But prac- eousness of the law, but protests that tically it is all as near doing nothing he does not kill the fish. He simply as anything earthly can be. From, draws them out of the water, after say, half-past three on the younger which they die of themselves. Bud- members of the brotherhood may give dhism, one must admit, has but little themselves to cleaning in and about power over the life of the Burman the monastery, the grounds of which until old age approaches, tho as every- for a little distance about the build- where the women are more devout ings are usually models of clean-swept than the men. Processions of old men neatness-the one such spot in the toward the pagodas for worship, of- town. At sunset all must be in, and ferings in hand, are very common.

endless recitations of Pali texts, par- The savings of a lifetime are very rot fashion, by those who understand likely to be expended upon the erec- nothing of the language in which they tion of a pagoda or ofa kyaung, or drone, make up the evening order monastery, a work of very particular until half-past eight or nine. Then merit, and one bringing the offerer comes worship before the image of the much-prized title of kyaung-ta-ga.

Buddha, and then to bed. No effort has been made to be ex- Besides the prohibition regarding haustive in this brief sketch. I have food after midday, already mentioned, scarcely referred to the various grades there are four other principal rules of punishment awaiting disobedience, to be observed by the monks, namely, and have said nothing at all of the not to dance, sing, or play any mu- various degrees of being and of bless- sical instrumeht ; not to use cosmetics; edness on the way to nirvana. Nor not to stand in unsuitable elevated has mention been made of the huge places; not to touch gold or silver. mass of degrading superstitions con- There is further a long list of minor nected with the old spirit-worship of regulations, over two hundred in all. the Burmese, and which, tho strictly so grievous to be borne that casuistical foreign to Buddhism itself, are uni-

versally blended by the Burmese goes out with a feeling of fellowship with it. toward these men who groped in dark- ness after light. But no such feeling With a theme like this it is easy to of sympathy should blind one to the err. Theoretical Buddhism is the out- dreadful fact that the followers of come of the reaching outward and Buddhism, as it has worked itself out upward of men who, powerfully im- in practise, are as a whole accurately prest by their souls' need, devised portrayed in the first chapter of Roa system of belief along the lines of mans. Admiration for Buddhism as their natural philosophic bent. No it exists in the lives of almost all its thoughtful heart will lightly pass cen- followers can come only from ignosure upon such men. The situa- rance, insincerity or infatuation. tion is full of pathos. The heart rather GENERAL SURVEY OF EVENTS IN CHINA REV. D. MAC GILLIVRAY, M.A., D.D., SHANGHAI, CHINA I. The almost simultaneous demise stream of talk about reforms; but of the Emperor Kuang Hsu and of when two of the strongest reformers the remarkably astute Empress- of the day are summarily consigned Dowager produced a wide-spre.ad feel- to oblivion, reforms naturally make ing in foreign circles that their suc- little progress. Notwithstanding the cessors would not be allowed to peace- peremptory demands of the British ably take over the reins of power, but treaty of 1902 and the United States all these forebodings were falsified by treaty of 1903 for .a whole series of the peaceful accession of Prince Ch'un reforms, the internal transit tax still as Regent, with the child, Hsuan lives, and the currency is daily increas- T'ung, as titular Emperor. And we ing in confusion. The army and navy are thankful to say that under the new are, indeed, in process of reorganizaregime the year has passed in peace. tion, but without honest men every- The Prince Regent is credited with a body knows that these new toys are genuine desire for the good of his expensive and useless. country; and having been abroad in 1901, he has seen something of the The Commission of Legal Reform world. But the net results of his first has reported that the new code of law year's rule are sadly disappointing. by which China hopes to secure the Notwithstanding the best intentions, abolition of extra-territoriality has he is evidently unable to overcome the been completed, but it will evidently inert resistance of a solidly conserva- take years before this code can be put tive past. into force. The cry of "China for the Chinese," which began some years ago, 2. Men of high integrity, too, are has risen to the highest pitch. The lamentably few, but notwithstanding refusal of foreign loans and the obthis we have seen during the year the jection to employing foreign experts dismissal of Yuan Shia-k'ai and Tuan bid fair to postpone the development Fang, the two men best known to and of China indefinitely. The boycott has trusted by the foreigners in China. been used as a weapon against both Japan and England, and a popular 3. There has been an unceasing

SURVEY OF EVENTS IN CHINA

movement has been started for the may be entirely disregarded as empty purpose of raising a huge sum to pay verbiage, for when you go down to back all moneys owing to foreign the actual doing you will not find the countries. Railways and concessions men to do. The idea of constitutional of various sorts have been redeemed government in the country, when each fr0111 foreign control, altho the agita- man's ambition is to serve his own tion in this connection is far from ends, is a huge joke." All of which over. goes to show that constitutionalism, etc., is not an infallible panacea for 4. The greatest event of the year China's ills. Without the new birth 1909 has been the inauguration of con- of the gospel, China will still go on stitutional government. On October groping in the dark. The clothes may 14, the elected delegates of each be changed, but not the man. province met in the provincial capital, and constituted the first provincial as- 5. China has gone in whole-heartsemblies. Altho these assemblies are edly for the new education. Great not yet full-fledged parliaments, and sums of money have been expended are only the first step in a ten years' on new buildings, and notwithstanding program leading up to full constitution- the obvious difficulties from want of alism, they are the beginnings of popu- teachers and lack of discipline, conlar power, the developments of which siderable progress has been made. As are fraught with boundless conse- a result of the remission of the Amerquences to China, to foreign countries, ican Boxer indemnity, roo Chinese and to the central government. Dur- students are yearly sent to America, ing the last of December, 5r delegates and this will continue for the next from the different provincial assem- 30 years. The number of Chinese stublies met in Shanghai, from whom pe- dents in Japan, which swelled at one titions were sent to Peking praying time to r5,000, is now down to 5,000. that the date of a national parliament In the province of Chili there are might be hastened. But, as an able more than 200,000 students in modern writer has pointed out, "self-regula- schools, and other provinces follow tion, self-initiative, and self-sacrifice," which are the fundamentals of a suc- suit. The C. L. S. by its literature, cessful constitution, are lamentably and the Y. M. C. A. by its institutional absent among high as well as low in China. "An old China hand," under work, are seeking to influence these date of September 9, writing from a students, but missionaries in the inpurely mercantile point of view, gave terior are everywhere getting into an unconscious corroboration of mis- touch with them in a helpful way, and sionary oplmon. He said, "It is this the influencing of these masses of defective sense of duty, the want of wide-awake Chinese young men conpersonal honor, and the sordid spirit stitutes an opportunity of premier imthat puts money before everything portance .and magnitude. else, that are responsible for the rapid decadence of a nation that was once Western nations, too, are showing great. All talk of reform in China un- a desire to establish universities in til the morale of the people is changed China for assisting the Chinese. The University of Chicago sent Professor Burton and Professor Chamberlin on a prolonged tour of investigation in

China, the results of which will doubt- on the matter must be developed beless appear in due time, while Lord fore this or any other attempt to re- William Cecil twice visited China with form can take root and become ina view to the establishment of a digenous. Christian university upon English lines, to be founded by Oxford and 7. Posts and Railways. The new Cambridge. post-office system was founded only twelve years ago, and is rapidly cover- In Hongkong the proposition to es- ing the whole empire. The following tablish a university was warmly sup- figures show what a tremendous ported by Chinese and foreigners, and agent of possible good to the remotest in a few months' time a large endow- corner of the empire the postal system ment fund was subscribed, while a promises to be. "In 1904, the total merchant prince of the colony will number of pieces handled was 66 milhimself erect the whole of the neces- lions; in 1905, 760 millions; in 1906, sary buildings. Several of the large II3 millions; in 1907, 168 millions; shipping firms gave munificent sums in 1908,252 millions. In I901 the parto the endowment. cels numbered 127,000, weighing 250 tons; in 1908 there were 2.445,000, The Germans in Ts'ing Tao are es- weighing 27.000 tons. The postal tablishing a German university there, routes now cover 88,000 miles, of and the Russians also propose two which 68,000 is by courier lines. The colleges in North Manchuria. number of post-offices has increased 2,803 in 1907 to 3,493 in 1908. 6. The anti-opium agitation culminated on February I when the In- Surely these post-offices and the ternational Opium Commission as- building of railways are long steps in sernbled in Shanghai. Representatives the preparation for the coming of the of 13 nations sat for three days. The King. The Peking-Kalgan Railway, findings of the commission represent begun in October, 1905, was finished the sober opinions of experts, and un- on September 24 last. The Shanghaidoubtedly the friendly interest thus Hangchow Railway was opened for shown in China's welfare was much traffic in August. The Tongkingappreciated. The resolutions adopted Yunnan Railway is nearly completed. were a pledge of the support of the The Tien-Tsin-Pukou line, which will powers represented to China in the connect Nanking with the north, has program of opium abolition, as well been begun, while many other railas the decision to restrict the use of ways are either building or likely to opium in the other parts of the world. be built.

Foreign cigarets, however, are 8. Turning to the Christian Church flooding the country, but there are in China, we note that the year has rumors that the government will for- been marked by many blest revivals. bid their use by soldiers, students and Bible institutes have successfully fosminors under eighteen years of age. tered the desire for Bible study. The Amid conflicting reports, one can only Federation Movement, as outlined by hope that some real progress is being the Centenary Conference, has made made in the abolition of opium good progress. Honan, as well as throughout the country; but, of several other provinces, have formed course, a Chinese national conscience

SURVEY OF EVENTS IN CHINA 45

provincial councils. The Independent realized that their work in China must Church Movement appears to be be reorganized to meet new conditions, quiescent. The apparent discrimina- and most of them have sent deputation of the Government in refusing tions to consult with their missionaries the right of suffrage to the graduates as to the necessary changes. Chief of Christian schools provoked keen among these are the Church Missiondiscussion among the Christians; but ary Society, the London Missionary in many places they were allowed to Society, and the American Presbyvote, and it is likely that a more com- terian Board. In some cases radical plete religious liberty will be granted changes were made, but in others the along with the new constitution. The lack of funds stood in the way of dearth of candidates for the ministry drastic reforms. This formidable obhas been keenly felt, but a revival in stacle will, it is hoped, be largely rethe Union College at Weihsien, Shan- moved through the blessing of God tung, resulted in the decision of roo upon the Laymen's Missionary Movestudents to study for the ministry. ment.

Christian Endeavor and Sunday- In conclusion, we give the opinion school work have both made marked of an expert on "The Open Door in progress, especially the latter. Large China." It seems to be the almost numbers of heathen children have universal testimony that there is a been found for the first time eager to readiness to listen to preaching and attend Sunday-school, and a Sunday- especially to lectures on the part of school secretary is to be appointed. all classes of Chinese in former years unknown. It may truthfully be said Some new societies are entering that we now have access to the ear, China to engage in mission work. the eye, and to some extent to the Our sister society in West China, the mind of China-but not as yet to its Canadian Methodists, has made itself heart. When that is gained, great refamous by a yearly addition of 30 or sults will follow. For these, in the 40 recruits for the last two years. mean time, we work and pray.

The boards at home have fully THE MAN WHO OUGHT NOT TO GIVE TO FOREIGN MISSIONS WHO IS HE?

The man who believes that the unbeliev- Cain, asks, "Am I my brother's keeper?" ing men and wom<:n in the world are not lost and do not need a Savior. The man who believes he is not account- able to God for the money intrusted The man who believes that Jesus Christ to him, and that he will never be called had no right and no reason to com- to stand before the judgment seat of mand His disciples to "Go ye into all Christ. the world and preach the gospel to every creature." The man who wants 110 share in the final victory, and the reward to faithful The man who believes the gospel is not servants. the power of God, and that Christ can not save the heathen. The man who is prepared to accept the final sentence, "Inasmuch as ye did it The man who wishes that missionaries not to one of the least of these, ye di~ it had never come to ·our ancestors, and not to Me. . . . Depart from Me."

that we ourselves were still heathen, Snch a man is not asked to give to for- cannibals or worshipers of wood and eign missions. He needs missionaries stone. to be sent to him.

The man who believes it is "every man -The Missionary Herald. for himself" in this world-who, with

SELF-GOVERNMENT AND SELF-SUPPORT IN INDIA *

1. THE MISSIONARY'S POINT OF VIEW BY REV. L. B. ClIAMBERLAI:-!, M.A., MADANAPALLE In the Travancore Mission of the 2. Should self-government be granted London Missionary Society, self-sup- regardless of the amount of self-support? port is expected as a preliminary to the organization of a congregation 3. If self-government is to be granted into a "Pastorate with its own pastor during the attainment of self-support, on and independent self-government." what basis, or in what proportion, should it In the London Missionary Society be granted? field in the Madras Presidency and Mysore, there is a threefold classifica- The replies give the point of ~ew tion of churches. The first-class of the missions and of missionaries, churches contribute all expenses of the as to how far self-government in Inchurch, select their own pastor, and dian churches should be conditioned direct their own affairs. The next on self-support. The conclusion is: class contribute a half or more of all expenses, select their pastor from a. Complete self-support should preamong nominees of the mission, and cede complete self-government. direct their affairs advised by a representative of the mission. The third b. The measure of self-government class consists of those who give less should be in some proportion to the than a half of the expenses. These measure of self-support. are under the control of the mission, which appoints a catechist to the pas- c. Circumstances and conditions toral charge. (local to a church, a field, or a church council) should determine the propor- In the Jaffna American Congrega- tions. tional Mission "a reasonable amount This is a good, safe answer, in acof self-support is expected" before a church is organized. An organized cord with political government, and church selects its pastor. In the Ma- with common sense. . . . But a dura American Congregational Mis- question has risen in my mind. Should sion the practise is to organize with self-government be conditioned by, or practical self-support, and pastors are be dependent on, attaining self-supinstalled by the council on a call by port? Do not self-government and the church. self-support, in themselves, and in their objects differ so much that each The United Free Church Mission should be considered, sought and addiscourages organizing a church which vanced, for itself? is not at least half self-supporting, and requires entire self-support after a Self-support is essentially a question definite period. A church is free to of material condition. call its own pastor. A church in the Arcot Mission is organized only if the Self-government is essentially a congregation pays its own expenses, question of moral character. and a pastor is installed by the ecclesiastical court Ol)Jy if the larger por- One has to do with money; the tion of the salary is paid by the con- other with men. gregation. They differ in their objects also. 1 score of missionaries were in- Self-support looks to the increase vited to send comments on three ques- of local revenues, that the Indian tion;;: Church mav do the full work of a rounded cimrch; and self-support 1. Should self-support precede self-gov- looks to the release of foreign money ernment? for work elsewhere. Self-government looks to the development of character and devolution of responsibility, and to the release of foreign missionaries for work elsewhere. Which is the greater-self-support which has to .do with money, or self-government whIch has to do with men?

* The two following papers were read at the G,eneral Assembly of the SOl!th Il!dia United Church, Trivandram, December 20, 1909, and were printed III The Harvest F.eld (Ind,a). loebruary, 1910. Self-government, in the end, is the the one dependent on the other, as larger, more far-reaching subject. It primary, secondary. An individual, should, it seems to me, be sought and a church, a group of churches, may advanced for itself. Self-support be advanced rapidly in property, unshould be, and will be, a complement der special circumstances, as have been of, or contribution to, the attainment some through the Periyar project in of self-government. But it should not Madura, and Kodayar project in South determine the right, or measure, of Travancore, and yet be no more fitted self-government. If it does, the lesser for self-government than their less end will hamper and delay the greater. fortunate or prosperous neighbors. In iact, sudden wealth may, often In the past there has been and is, does, Unfit for self-government. in this matter, another case of mistaken emphasis. Self-support has Self-government should be developbeen rightly emphasized. But· self- ed also because of the benefit to be degovernment has been neglected. "This rived. I subscribe to the statement ought ye to have done and not left the that we Westerners have much to other undone." But reflection sug- learn from the East. The more rapidgests that neglect of the subject of ly we transfer the government of the self-government has been the outcome of circumstances and not the result of Church into the hands of the people, deli bera tion. the more rapidly will the church, and the whole cause of Christ, gain by new With reference to self-governing ideas, by the correction of our mischurches there has been a two-fold takes, by the adopting of what is good tendency: On the part of mission- from the West, and by the introducaries, there has been an honest doubt tion of what is indigenous and helpful and fear about the ability of the Indian in the East, making the Church more Christians-with their origin and past attractive to outsiders and helpful to -to govern the churches. Again, insiders. possession of authority sows in the best of us missionaries a desire to re- Think, for example, what the introtain it, and this would tend to keep duction – comparatively recent – of harvest festivals has done toward selfthe subject of self-government among support, and esprit de corps. Who the churches in the background. can tell what the panchayat system- so long neglected by the Church and On the part of the Indian Chris- now wisely being increasingly usedti,ms, the1 e has been the :fear of as- may do for it? The head-man system suming author;ty, both because of in- -common in family, village, or caste experience an(: youth, and because -may yet play a valuable part in they realized that authority involveJ Indian church government. responsibility. These and other causes combined to keep the subject of self- It may be asked, if self-support is government dormant so long, and to not the test for self-government, what force that of self-support to the fore. shall be? In reply, I ask whether this Thus it has come about, too, that, question does not reveal a chief, if when the subject of self-government unrealized, reason for linking selfhas come up, it has generally been support and self-government to- gether? Self-support furnishes an considered as attached to, dependent easy and somewhat tangible test, or on, conditioned by, that of self-sup- ground, for granting self-government, port. . . . and so it has become a criterion. StilI this does not make it the best, or right, It is readily admitted, and especially one. emphasized, that qualities of character which conduce to material progress But my real reply is that I believe also conduce to self-government and the highest relation of the mission and vice versa. I would not say the sub- the Indian Church is not that of partjects are wholly to be divorced. They ners in a business, each investing capare related, interdependent, but not

ital therein, and in which there is al- money for it. Foreign mIssIOnaries ways a senior partner who remains .at and foreign money should be under the the head until bought out by the control of those who supply them, or juniors, or removed by force or death. their representatives, in justice to the The true relation is that of a family- donors. not the Hindu joint-family system, but the Christian family system. And in justice to the Church in India, foreign money should not be The mission, as the parent, at first placed en bloc in its charge. Transfer should both support and govern the to the church, on the one hand, would infant. Support may be continued, put that church on a false and weakwholly or in part, while the youth is ening basis of dependence on this forobtaining education and developing eign help; and, on the other hand, character. But, self-government is a such large responsibility and authorpart of education, and necessary to ity would overload and crush that development of character. Therefore, church. it should be inculcated in, and transferred to, the youth, even while sup- Therefore, self-government in Inported by the parent. That is, self- dian churches should first and foreg-overnment may well be preliminary most be in that church itself, the ecto, an equipment for, a means of. self- clesiastical sphere, not the sphere of support. mission activity. Can not the govern- ment of the churches, the calling of A time comes when the youth should pastors, direction and guarding of leave the parental roof, strike out for, finances, discipline of members, and and support himself. He may, prob- maintenance of the good name of the ablv will, make serious mistakes. But, because of this possibility, he should Church be more rapidly and purposenot be kept in apron strings. Even ly placed in their hands? With a systho he fails, his parents should not re- tem of church committees, composed sume his support .and government. of selected, cautious leaders and mis- He must learn by his mistakes. sionary associates, all ecclesiastical matters may well be devolved on the I need not apply the parallel. The Indian churches in the near future. wise mission parent will be developing the young church in self-govern- II. But self-government involves ment long before it attains self-sup- more than the individual church. port. The amount of self-government There is a further and larger sphere will be in accordance with the progress of self-government which I am glad and age of the youth, who should not to see is being definitely put forward be left to clamor for it, or evade it, as a sphere for the Indian Church. It but be consistently urged to it, and properly belongs to a church, but formade to assume it. eign missions have first to enter and develop it. I mean the general con- The test for self-government, there- gregational, institutional, and evanfore, is development and character. A gelistic work carried on by missions. mission should be ashamed to have an undeveloped, dependent adult church The devolution of responsibility incapable of self-government, as a and authority from the foreign misparent is of an undeveloped grown sion to the Indian Church is coming son. It must urge its child-its Christian community-on to self-govern- none too soon, tho it may be pushed ment. too rapidly.

In dosing may I suggest two lines May we missionaries be wise enough of development: to transfer authority, and may our In- dian brethren be wise enough to ac- I. Generally speaking, authority cept responsibility. May we missionover any work properly lies with those aries be humble enough to abdicate, who supply the means, the men and and may our Indian brethren be hum- ble eno~gh to learn.

SELF-GOVERNMENT AND SELF-SUPPORT IN INDIA

2. THE INDIAN'S POINT OF VIEW BY THE REV. F. KINGSBURY, MADURA An Indian pastor of the South India United Church There are three classes of churches In plain words I tell you, do not dream and individuals among our Christians of any self-government so long as you in India and the East generally. receive financial help from churches in Europe and America. In saying this First, I am told that there are a few I am not at all ungrateful to the churches in Japan which are very churches in Christendom. All that I anxious to get all the financial help mean is, that it is unreasonable for us, they can from America and Europe, Indian Christians, to seek freedom but which resent foreign control al- from foreign control, if we be anxious together. If this be true, the attitude to get financial support from outside. is quite unreasonable. A man who depends on another can never be free; so also, a church which Secondly, I have in mind an entire depends u'pon another church or station of a missionary society in churches can never be free. Burma, whose churches are not only fully self-supporting, but bear the en- I have not forgotten that we Indian tire cost of that large station, inclu- Christians are poor, very poor. The ding ordinary schools, training institu- majority of our Christians have come tions and a seminary. In fact, except from the poorest classes and are still the salaries of the missionaries, all to be reckoned among the poorest of other expenses are met by the Karen the poor, yet I venture to say that our Christians of that station, and yet people, even as they are now, are these Christians do not dream of self- fully able to give at least three times government, and apparently the mis- as much as they give. sionaries there are also satisfied with the self-support of all the churches Many leaders believe that they can and institutions and are not over not give more. How can a pastor or anxious to tell the people anything catechist succeed in raising money if about self-governrnent. If this be he really believes that his congregatrue, again I am sure that every In- tion is too poor to give? As long as we believe they can not give more, dian Christian or foreign missionary they are not going to give more. will agree with me that this state is very undesirable. Again, our people do not give more because they have not been properly Thirdly, between these two is the instructed on this point. Many a pas- tor feels diffident to preach on giving golden mean, viz., that self-support lest his congregation think that the pastor is careful about his salary. and self-government should go to- But, fellow pastors, is it not our duty gether; and should not be divorced to teach our flocks the precious truth, the one from the other. viz., "It is more blest to give than to In England, every man believes in receive" ? the political doctrine, "no taxation without representation," and if I .am I say our people have not been not mistaken, the United States of properly instructed on this point. Just America overthrew the power of Eng- to illustrate my point, let me draw land because England failed to recog- your attention to this fact. What a nize this maxim with regard to the man gives his physician is called the doctor's fee. What he gives to his United States. lawyer is the lawyer's fee. What he My message is simply this. To my gives for the education of his chil- dren is the school fee. But when he fellow Indian Christians I say, Do gives anything to his pastor for his you want real self-government in your services it is "charity." Is not this churches? Then exert every nerve of yours to make your churches self-supporting. To you, my brothers, I say, "No representation without taxation."

the way we have taught our people? may be fairly asked, "Is a church fit Who is responsible for this miscon- to govern itself simply because it is ception? . . . able to support itself?" Suppose that it is not, how and when can it become I am ashamed when I see big so? If we should wait to govern ourchurches in India, some of them in selves till we are able to govern our- Jarge cities like Madras, seventy or selves, then, I fear, we shall never be seventy-five years old, whose pastors able to govern ourselves. Suppose are paid entirely by missionary so- that I had said to my son, "Willie, I cieties in Europe, while their own con- will not allow you to walk till you can gregations pay nothing toward their do so without falling," do you think pastor's salary. If you want self-gov- he would now be able to walk? ernment, see that our churches are entirely self-supporting. Indian Christians are not infallible. Our churches must commit some mis- May I say to my missionary breth- takes before they have learned some ren, when you see a church which is precious lessons. If it be not imperor which can be entirely self-support- tinent, may I ask, have you not also ing, do allow the pastor and the peo- both individually and as societies ple of that church to conduct their made some mistakes? May Christ own affairs? With your rich experience, you can counsel us. We Jesus our Lord help all churches in need you to guide us. Till now you India to become very soon self-suphave been onr fathers; now you can porting, self-governing and self-propbe onr brothers. But the question agating.

WOMEN AND THE REFORM MOVEMENT IN INDIA * BY REV. E. R. Me NElLE Among the complicated issues that cost before embarking on a revolumake up the National Movement, one tionary measure. But the gravity of of the weightiest is the desire for re- the situation calls rather for earnest form in the position of women, In- thought and prayerful planning than dians and Europeans, Christians and for over-cautious postponement. non-Christians, alike are unanimous in asserting that without a radical change Missionaries have undertaken to atin the life of the women, the regene- tempt the regeneration of India in a ration of India can never take place. way higher than the National Move- One can not open a non-Christian pa- ment has yet dreamed of, but we must per without being confronted with this watch our opportunity and offer our subject. Newspaper leaders, Con- priceless gift in a way that will incline gress resolutions, reports of committees, all repeat the same strain. Chris- her to accept it. We must find out tian ideas have taken root, India is at the special need of which India is last desirous of raising her women. conscious, and in her hour of need she must feel us at her side. I have The evils are various, but the most mentioned some of the needs and an pressing are in everyone's mouth- urgent attempt is being made in sevignorance, the women mtlst be edu- eral quarters to invite the united at- tention of missionary bodies to one cated; seclusion, the parda must be of the needs relating to women, of which she is becoming very keenly lifted; cruelty and oppression, infant conscious at the present time, viz., marriage must be abolished; actual to the need for the education of wovice and outrage, the dedication of men and girls. This has been an obtemple children must be put down by ject of concern to Christian missionlaw. It is always well to count the * From the Church Missionary Rl!fJiew.

AND THE REFORM MOVEMENT IN INDIA

aries from the very first, but the need and the new parda hostel opened in that we have been seeking to supply July is in response to this appeal. is not quite the same as the new need which is now arising, for a new class What is the nature of the demand? is seeking to have their women taught. The cry for efficiency has at last been It is the genius of Christianity to heard; and tho efficiency is not easily care for the masses, it is the genius of attainable, yet its trade-marks are be- India to care for the classes. But, after ing made a sine qua non. The new all, Christianity cares for both, and schools must be fully staffed with when the classes at last are beginning trained teachers, they must be to cry for our help it behooves us to equipped with modern apparatus, and hear their cry and respond to it. last, but not least, the head-mistress must be a trained graduate. This The expression of this desire is not may sound a counsel of perfection, but far to seek. About two years ago the it is one upon which, whether rightly Lieutenant-Governor of the United or wrongly, great stress is being laid. Provinces issued directions that every A committee which can boast such district officer should convene a spe- a school feels satisfied that it is macial committee in his district to watch king progress and has confidence in over the interests of female education approaching the fathers of prospective and to advise Government with regard to the same, and further that pupils. efforts should be made to open one It is said that the existing missionwell-staffed and well-equipped school for girls in every district town. In schools are doing all that is necessary. 1908 the orders were forwarded They are under missionary supervithrough the department and the com- sion, they are carefully taught, and mittees were called into being. The they take the children on as far as Lieutenant-Governor is acting on the they can go before they are sent to recommendations of a commission their husbands' homes and withwhose inquiries were prolonged and drawn into parda. Only too gladly far-reaching, and the response is ac- would they extend education to a tually forthcoming; the committees higher stage jf the children were alhave been formed and non-Christian lowed to stay. What more is needed? men have come forward readily to Not for a moment would I minimize the work that is being done by these serve on them. schools, but they exist almost solely But there are other indications. The as an evangelistic agency. Education is a profession, and the fact that Indians are taking the initiative them- amidst the unlettered thousands around us there is plenty of room for selves, are forming committees and unprofessional effort does not obviate opening schools. There are long-es- the other fact that there is at the prestablished and flourishing schools un- ent moment a call for professional der local committees in Lahore and effort also. If the community were Allahabad, and more recently similar applying for a medical mission we schools have been opened in Amritsar should not put them off by saying that and Benares. These schools are pure- our cupboards were stocked with ly secular. There are also some that homemade medicines which we would are distinctively denominational, a distribute according to our light. Sikh school near Amritsar, Arya schools in Firozpur, Hardwar and There is another consideration. It elsewhere, and Hindu schools are is a different class that is now deabout to be opened in Meerut and manding schools; it is the Anglo-edu- Mathura. In Lucknow a considerable cated men, the advance line of the number of Mussulman gentlemen have reformers, who want to have their repeatedly and urgently requested the women fitted to be their intellectual authorities of the Isabella Thoburn companions. And these men are ac- College to open a parda department, customed to graduate masters in their

own schools, they are aware of the for recruiting, a permanent connec- stress that is everywhere being laid tion, and an unparalleled opportunity upon training, and they will be at- for coordination and concentration. tracted only by qualifications which There is at the present day a considersuggest the real thing in education. able body of opinion in favor of oc- So whether we are alive or no to the casional women acting on the staff of importance of the professional aspect boys' schools, and such an arrangeof the work, we can at least unite ment would be a great help here. If to give to Young India what she wants the principal of the girls' school held if perchance we may succeed in giv- a more or less nominal appointment ing her also what she so sorely needs in the boys' school, teachmg there without wanting it. one or two periods a week, it would give her an opportunity to canvass The experiment has been tried by among the boys for their wives and the American Presbyterian Mission sisters, would help to make her known in Saharanpur and Fathpur, where all to their parents, and would tend genthe mission-schools of the ordinary erally to keep the two sides of the type have been closed and new, up-to- work in touch with one another. The date schools opened in their place. The girls' schools should be started with a missionaries themselves teach in these certain .amount of flourish of trumschools. every day with a staff of pets and with plenty of advertisement. country-born English, Eurasians and Why should we begin in a hole and Indians. They are attempting to give corner, and our numbers creep up by as good an education to the non-Chris- tens, when there is realIy a crowd, tian girls as we are in the habit of tho a timorous one, wanting to come giving to Christians in our boarding- who might be encouraged if they could schools. The result, in these two in- be invited all together? The school stances, is abundantly satisfactory. should have the whole time, or at least Yet why only two instances in the the greater part of the time, of a fullywhole of these provinces, and they qualified educationist, as do our boys' not in our own church? high-schools and boarding-schools, and the rest of the staff should be in Our policy might be to make a care- no way inferior to those of the above ful and thorough examination of the schools. It might be a good thing to supply and demand in the province, introduce one or two Christian girls and to see to it that in every large into the upper classes as an objectcenter still unoccupied some such cen- lesson and in order that they may entral school for girls be opened. It is courage others to go beyond the priessential that there should be no over- tHary stages. lapping of societies. If any city should be alIocated for this purpose to any The schools should start from the one society, other societies that might lowest class, .and should on no account be working there would naturally re- leave the preparatory work to the frain from extension. The large cities branch schools, for, however contraare many, and the schools will, alas! dictory our practise may be, it is an be only too few. educational axiom that the youngest children and the least-developed minds A further policy I would suggest. need the 1110St skilful teaching, and . The divorce of men's and women's while the teachers in high-schools need work leads to much, very much leak- more learning, the teachers in eleage of force and often to heartrend- mentary schools need more training. ing separations in the families of con- This is a point which is often forgotverts. Let us be warned in time in ten when we put raw converts and any new undertaking. We might try ignorant olel women to teach our prito open girls' schools as twins to our mary schools, the only justification for existing boys' high schools. This which practise is found in the claim would give us a nucleus to start with among the sisters of the boys, an area

AND THE REFORII MOVEMENT IN INDIA

of the schools to be evangelistic, not leavened by 01ristian influence and educational agencies. Christian teaching, no longer a drag upon the groping of the ~tion after The crisis has come, and unless we Christ, teaching Christianity to their seize the opportunity, it will pass from children of both sexes while they still us. The demand has arisen, and un- have them in the zenana at the most less we supply it, Hindu committees impressionable age, and finally, having or the government will do so, and al- brought their power and influence to ready our chance is being lost in city the feet of Christ, becoming leaders after city, where to start a second for Him among their fellow countryschool would only be to court unneces- men. sary difficulties, if not to waste our strength on attempting the impossible. Let us be God-enlightened strate- And what a chance it is! We .are gists, not only faithful soldiers. Let daily being reminded of the disastrous lIS keep our forces mobile and be ready results of secular education among the to move them with the speed and men; are we going to stand by and see precision of a competent general the disaster repeated among the wo- wherever there is opportunity for admen? We are daily reminded that vance. Let us even, if need be, close it is the conservatism of the zenana some of the existing work for a time, that prevents many a man from con- in order to concentrate where the fessing the faith which he secretly need is greatest. What should we holds; are we going to stand by and say of a general who placed out his see that conservatism broken down to forces once for all at the beginning of be replaced only by the yet more hard- a campaign and declined to move ening influences of modern material- them, who refused to abandon a single ism? Missionaries have always position even to advance to a better, hitherto been in the van of educational who thought since his first disposition progress; are we going to hear the was good there was no need to change voice of Young India calling for help it? All honor to the pioneers who and turn a deaf ear? Think what it have gone before us, but they would may mean twenty years hence-a be the first to adapt their methods to body of edncated women cut adrift the new conditions of Young India. from their old faiths, owning no moral The times are moving, let us move restraints, no longer a drag on the with them, or rather move before atheistical tendencies of the men, fan- them. If we Christians neglect our ning sedition, increasing unrest, and opportunity, others will 110t hesitate only too probably turning their newly- to seize it. Let us recleem the time, acquired liberty into something sadly and steadily aim, at least as far as akin to license; or, on the other hand, women are· concerned, at the capture the same body of educated women of the Xational Movement for Christ.

Christian people arc Christ's instruments for effecting the realization of the jJurposes of H is life and death. Neither the divine decree. nor the expansive power of the truth, nor the crowned expectancy of the waiting Lord, nor the mighty working of the Holy Spirit, are the complete means for the accomplishment of the divine promise, that all nations shall be blest in Him. God reveals His truth, that men who believe it may impart it. God gives the vVord, that, caught up by those who re.ceive it into an honest and good heart, it may be poured forth in mighty chorus from the lips of the "great company of them that publish it." Christians, learn your high vocation and your solemn responsibilities. For what did you receive the Word of God? For the same reason for which you have receiyed everything else which you possess-that you might share it with your brethren. How did you receive it? A gift, unmerited, that you might feel bound to spread the free divine gift by cheerful human work of distribution. From whom did you receive it? From Christ, who in the very act of giving binds you to live for Him anel not for yonrselves, and to mold your lives after the pattern of His,-ALEx,NDER MACLAREN, D.D., of Manchester, England.

EDITORIALS

THE CHRISTIAN MOTTO curse him." No monopoly is so in- excusable and monstrous as that of the Francis of Assisi's followers loved Bread of Life. to characterize themselves as "Nas qui cum 00 fuimus"-we who have There is nothing either impossible been with him -a noble motto for the or impracticable in the immediate disciples of Christ, only we may add, evangelization of the world. We need: "et qui cum eo erimus"-and who with Him shall be (John 17:24). 1. To accept the principle of Evan- gelism-that every believer is a herald, THE WORLD'S MISSIONARY CON- responsible for his proportion of the unsaved world; bound to do directly FERENCE his share of bearing the good tidings. The curse of the Church is the de- Our readers will be interested to pendence on proxies. note the wide range of topics to occupy the coming conference described 2. We need a spirit of Enterprise. in an article on another page. Men of the world, simply to serve worldly interests, have made it possible 1. Carrying the Gospel to the whole to go round the world in three months; world. to reach by the mails the remotest quarters inside of six weeks, and by 2. The native church and its workers. telegram all great centers inside of an 3. Education and its bearings on evan- hour. What might not a little entergelization. prize do for God! 4. The missionary message and its relation to non-Christian religions. 3. We need a holy Earnestness, an 5. The preparation of missionaries. enthusiasm for God. This is the in- 6. The home base of missions. spiring soul of all Christian effort. It 7. Missions and civil governments. makes one man chase a thousand, etc. ; 8. Cooperation and the foundation of it makes him a hammer to break the unity. hardest; a fire to burn and melt away; a sword to pierce. These subjects are entrusted to different commissions, which have been 4. We need the divine Enduement. at work preparing, and are now pub- The power that converts can not be lishing, their reports, which are to be described any more than the frasupplied in advance to everyone of the grance or tinting of a rose; but it may 1,200 delegates, so that no needless be felt. Faith and prayer are the conwaste of time will be risked through ditions of this enduement. The means lack of information. The methods are will always be inadequate. Our saladmirable, and now a baptism of vation lies in being in straits. The prayer is the one preeminent need. If work can not be done on a mathesuch a conference can be guided by the matical basis. We must attempt great presiding Spirit of God there is no lan- things for God, while expecting great guage to indicate the possible outcome things from God; and then the Victory of blessing. will come.

EVANGELISTIC WORK ABROAD GENERAL BOOTH'S MESSAGE This matter is primarily one of sim- The founder of the Salvation Army ple obedience to our Lord's last com- celebrated on Sunday, April la, his mand. Here are our marching orders: eighty-first birthday, and sent on the No true soldier hesitates, parleys, or day previous a birthday message to the even delays to ask a question. Daily Telegraph in London: Secondly, it is a matter of love to "Sixty-five years ago I decided that man, as well as loyalty to Christ. my object in life should be to please Every motive of humanity and piety my heavenly Father, help the sinning unite to constrain us to give the gospel and suffering people around me, and at once to the world. Huber, the blind insure for myself an entrance into the naturalist, observed that a wasp will kingdom of heaven at my journey's not stop to eat a precious morsel by end. Year after year, as I have passed himself. He goes to the nest and leads others forth to the feast. "He that withholdeth corn, the people shall

I91O

mile-stone after mile-stone, I have re- chy; and what a melancholy proof of viewed my progress, and inquired of the fact that human depravity works myself anxiously, and I hope honestly, it; subtlety and secrecy, and behind pahow far I have kept the path I have CIfic and even philanthropic disguises! chosen, and what progress I have made in the attainment of my end. A SIGNAL TOKEN OF PROGRESS "Some of these years have been Mr. J. Campbell White boldly afmarked by anxiety, difficulty, and distress; but, notwithstanding these im- firms that "the most important thing pediments to my progress, when to- in American history this year is the morrow I pass the eighty-first mile- changing conviction of the nation constone, I hope to be able to say, as cerning its religious obligations to doubtless many around me will say, mankind." This is a weighty remark that I have been faithful to my pur- from a man who, more perhaps than pose, that in a large measure my ob- any other, stands at the heart of the ject has been attained, and that I have modern Laymen's Movement, which a good prospect of ultimately reach- culminates in the National Missionary Congress in Chicago, May 3-6. Mr. ing my goal. White further says: "For the realities of the past, and "In this process the very character the possibilities of the future, I have of American Christianity is being first to express my gratitude to the radically changed. When a man or a brave, self-sacrificing body of com- nation becomes conscious of worldrades who have gathered to the relationships and responsibilities, a standard I have raised, and then, new life has begun. From Maine to above all, and beyond all, to acknowl- California, at seventY-five main conedge my obligation to my heavenly ventions and thousands of related sec- King, without whose blessing nothing ondary meetings, American Christian is wise, or good, or strong." men of all churches have been rising up to indorse a comprehensive and PRESENT.DAY SLAVE.TRADE adequate plan for making Christ known to the whole world in our gen- Traffic in human beings has not yet eration. The men of every State in been stamped out, as will be seen by the Union have exprest themselves on reading Mr. Travers Buxton's article. this issue with a unanimity and depth A Copenhagen correspondent also calls of conviction that could never be called attention to the fact that the Africo- forth .apart from a tremendous cause, Arabian slave-traffic is still secretly and the mighty working of the Spirit carried on. The Arabian traders wait of God. There has not been a note in a desert district till the English of failure in the entire National Miscruiser has passed by; and sometimes sionary campaign. With scarcely a settle down even for a couple of years, single exception, the seventy-five main trading peaceably with the natives in conventions have brought together the the interior; and, when they have largest and strongest assemblies of enough stock, start an insurrection Christian men ever gathered for any until there are only so many survivors purpose in these cities. The addition as are necessary to carry the ebony to of some millions of dollars annually the coast. However this last course to the missionary treasuries of the of action stirs indignation, the political churches will not be the only or chief unrest and confusion, and division and result. This is but one evidence of al- enmity, sown among the tribes is even tered life-purposes on the part of mul- worse and more permanent. They de- titudes of men." liberately sow these seeds of hostility to keep the chiefs from combining Speaking of the congress to be held against the common enemy. What a at Chicago, Mr. White says: "With field for peace-makers to work in, to only another month intervening until stem the tide of lawlessness and anar- the National Missionary Congress

meets in Chicago, it is most important of the unscripturalness of many of that a great volume of prayer be the doctrines I had taught. I was poured out continuously for over- sent to Ireland and Italy by the Roman whelming blessing upon that gather- hierarchy and requested to confine my ing. Without doubt it will be the work to teaching, but was refused permost representative and potential con- mission to preach even to the poor. vention ever assembled on this conti- Rome has now excommunicated me, nent. The forty-five hundred avail- but I question its power over my conable seats in the auditorium have been science and work. allotted to the evangelical churches of the United States in proportion to "It is my desire to preach the Gospel their membership and missionary con- of Christ, and I am convinced more tributions, thus guaranteeing a pro- than ever that the greatest need of portionate representation from every the world is the preaching of the pure church and from every part of the na- and simple and entire Gospel of tion. It will be the privilege of a life- Christ." time to be a member of this congress." He also spoke at the recent decen- DOCTOR BARTOLI'S TESTIMONY nial of the N. Y. Bible Training School, and said that he regarded the The Rev. Giorgio Bartoli, now in modern depreciation of the authority America, is a converted ex-Jesuit, one ane! inspiration of the Wore! of God of the most learned priests in Europe. as the greatest evil of our day; and he Educated in Rome, he studied in eloquently and emphatically added France, Spain, England and Austria, that the time was at hand when the speaks seven languages, and for years great issue is to be whether preachers has been a teacher of languages, and teachers do, or do not stand by science, and history in the Jesuit col- the Bible-that here is to be found leges in Turkey, India, Egypt, Ireland the great line of division and test of and Rome. The following was his attitude as ministers of Christ. testimony at the New York Deaconess Home and Training School on Feb- A NEW MISSIONARY MOVEMENT ruary II: AMONG GERMAN STUDENTS "I was converted when a child and until a few years ago believed abso- In German universities, unhappily, lutely that the Roman Catholic Church opposition to the Students' Federation :was the only true Church, and the for Missions (equivalent to Student Pope of Rome the vicar of Christ on Volunteer llovement) has develofed, earth. While in Bombay, in 1895, I and has resulted in the founding of was asked by the Jesuits to answer "Academic Missionary Societies" in the article of an Anglican bishop dis- the universities of Berlin, Breslau, puting the claims of the Roman Gottingen, Greifswald, Halle, Konigs- Church. I responded, using as my berg, Leipsic, Marburg, and Tiibinearly authority the works of Cyprian, gen. The new organization does not only to find out these were a forgery hesitate to announce that it is opposed and that he had not recognized the to the pietistic (HMethodistisch") supremacy of the Bishop of Rome. character and tendency of the Federa- tion. Its purposes will be general, and "Realizing that I had been deceived have as its aim the study of missions in one historical teaching, as time per- and the cultivation of interest in them. mitted I studied for ten years more while the Students' Federation asks its carefully the Bible and the history of members to declare themselves ready the early fathers, and without reading for missionary service, if the Lord a Protestant book became convinced opens the way'. AFRICA en and girls, both Moslem and Roman Catholic, and among whom there are Converts from Islam a number converted to Christ. A French-speaking church, organized by The C. M. S. Gazette for March re- Bishop Burt in 1908, has already a counts a gratifying increase in the membership of 20. Another hall, with number of converts from Islam in the adjacent apartments, is for work English Church mission at Cairo. The among the Moslem Kabyles. Two Rev. Canon MacInnes wrote on New- hundred and fifty miles east of Alyear's eve: "There has fallen to Mr. g'iers is the historic city of Constan- Gairdner and myself a greater number tine, with its 60,000 people, where than ever before of classes for Moslem work among the French and Arabs inquirers, of whom we have been priv- has good beginnings; while 250 miles ileged to baptize 8 grown men, in ad- still farther east is the great city of dition to 3 young women, in connec- Tunis, with 200,000 inhabitants, where tion with the hospital at Old Cairo. the work is established. The first We are anxious not to lay undue stress movement from these centers will be on mere numbers, and it should be among the Kabyles in Kabylia, a land borne in mind that four of these con- rich in natural resources and populaverts have been in touch with us for tion. two years or more-one had been at heart a Christian for considerably Africa's Latest Explorer longer; but at the same time it is highly encouraging to think that 11 A few years ago Dr. Karl Kumm adult Moslems have been admitted made a tour of the western Sudan into the Church of Christ after long with a view of stirring up interest in and careful preparation, and that this the evangelization of the people in is nearly twice as many as we have that territory. Following his visit, a ever before received during the course South African branch of the Sudan of a single year." United Mission was formed, and al- ready at least five missionaries from New Methodist Mission in Africa South Africa are at work in northern Nigeria. Much interest is being taken Dishop Hartzell gives an account of in a journey Dr. Kumm has been mathe organization of the new American king across Africa from west to east Methodist Mission in Algiers, April through northern Nigeria,. the French 1st to 5th. During one session a party Kongo territory and the Anglo-Egypof 33 Palestine tourists was present. tian Sudan. This journey is being The 19 workers in the mission come made, primarily, in the interest of the from three continents: 3 are Ameri- United Sudan Mission, and it is becans, 7 English, 3 Irish, 2 Scotch, and lieved will open the way for the ex- 2 German. One member is an Arab tension of the work in the regions and the other a Kabyle-both converts which he is exploring. The country from Mohammedanism. As a whole traversed by Dr. Kumm has been very these workers have had a large, varied imperfectly explored, and it is expected and successful service as foreign mis- that he will be able to make considersionaries. Seven speak Arabic; 18 able addition to the geographical speak English, I Esperanto, IS French, knowledge of this comparatively un- 4 German, 2 Gujarati, 4 Kabyle and I known section of Africa. Dr. Kumm Malay. Seven additional languages is German by birth. He received his are read: Greek by 3; Hebrew, 3; degree from one of the German uni- Hindustani, 2; Italian, 4; Marathi, 2; versities for a treatise on Nubia, and and Spanish I. One is a master of has studied geography under some of the Coptic and has distinguished him- Germany's most distinguished proself in deciphering and publishing an- fessors. This is a modern instance of cient Coptic hieroglyphic manuscripts. the value of missionary exploration in opening unknown regions and thus In Algiers, a city of 175,000 people, the Methoclists have 250, chiefly WOfficontributing to the store of geograph- Rev. W. L. Ferguson, D.D., of Mad- ical knowledge, and opening the way ras, South India. They have gone of Christianity, commerce and civiliza- under the personal conduct of Rev. tion.-Missionary Herald. Joseph Clark, of the Kongo Mission.

An Awakening in West Africa The party sailed from Antwerp May 5th, arriving at Matadi, May 26th. The encouraging report comes to They will visit the several stations of the Presbyterian Board of Foreign the mission, not excepting the two Missions that a great awakening IS posts on the Upper Kongo, and will stirring the Bulu churches in West also meet with the missionaries in con- Africa. When Secretary Halsey was ference. at Efulen four years ago, the largest audience which greeted him did not From the Kongo the commissioners number over 800 people. Last year will take ship for British Nigeria in the church at Efulen was enlarged, and the Sudan, landing at Lagos, whence the first service held in the remodeled they will proceed beyond the Niger church last September, brought to- river into northern Nigeria. Here gether an audience of 1,707. At Elat they will ascertain under what condiat the first communion service in July, tions mission work can be carried on, 3,500 persons were present. While and of what nature the opening is. these audiences were exceptionally The commission can not complete its large, yet the average attendance has work in less than five months. far exceeded that of any previous year, and the work in Bulu land is reported Chinese Coolies Sent Home as little short of Pentecostal. Five years ago 50,000 Chinese were Four years ago village schools were laborers in the Transvaal mines and established in and around Elat from licenses had been granted for the enten to ninety miles. There are now try of 16,000 more, most of whom had 25 such schools under the care of pu- already arrived. The Liberal party pils who have been trained in the then took possession of the British station schools. On Sundays evange- Government and began the policy of listic services are held at strategic sending the Chinamen home again as points near, and in six weeks boys fast as their contracts expired. The who a few years ago came from the last of them have now left the Transjungle, little more than animals, told vaal. During the last six years the the "Old, Old Story" to 25,312 per- native Kaffir laborers have increased sons, most of whom had never before from 70,608 to 156,065, and the whites heard of Jesus Christ. The number employed in the mines have gained in the inquirer's class at the single sta- from 12,414 to 2I,305. Thus an extion of Elat is 700. Why should not periment to which there was great and West Africa receive 50,000 new con- warranted opposition has failed, to the verts this year? The greatest difficulty gain of South Africa. is with the Church at home, an,d the insufficient supply of workers. A Mission Comes to Self-support A Baptist Commiuion to Africa Seventy-five years ago the American Board Mission to the Zulus was The Executive Committee of the founded, and has recently come to Baptist Foreign Mission Society ap- self-support, with 24 organized pointed a commission of three to visit churches, 60 out-stations and 200 the mission on the Kongo, and to in- other pleaching-places. There are IO vestigate conditions in the British Su- ordained Zulu ministers and 5,555 dan relative to opening mission work communicants; 60 primary-schools, there. The members are: Rev. J. H. with 4,000 pupils, and 3 training- Franklin, of Colorado Springs; Rev. schools. Not many years ago the Johnston Myers, D.D., of Chicago, and Zulus were considered by many as a people that could not be brought under the influence of missionary effort, heathen Togos during 1909 a larger but, to the contrary, we see among harvest of souls than ever before. The these people at the southern extremity number of heathen who acknowledged of the Dark Continent a self-support- their faith in the Lord Jesus Christ by ing Zulu Christian Church. public baptism was 826. The number of out-stations increased from 125 to Cape-to-Cairo Railroad Pushing On 146. The schools were attended by 5,637 pupils, an increase of 475, and According to a telegram received in the native Christians increased to London, locomotives are now running 7,634, so that 903 were added in 1909. on the Cape-to-Cairo Railroad to a The income of the society was larger point 40 miles beyond the Kongo fron- than ever before; but, alas, still insuffitier; i.e., 2,187 miles from Cape Town. cient to ward off a deficit. In a communication issued by Reuter's Agency, it is further stated that A Malagasy BiMe Society earthworks are completed for 60 miles further northward, and that by the In the great island of Madagascar end of April it is expected that the Bible distribution has been carried on rail head will be 100 miles within the for many years by means of two com- Kongo territory. From the Star of mittees, the northern and the souththe Kongo, or Elizabethville, the next ern, which include representatives of section of the railway will be to Kam- every Protestant mission at work in bove, an important center I IO miles Madagascar. The northern commitdistant to the northward. Beyond tee, which meets at Antaml.narivo, Kambove it has been decided that the sells and circulates the Scriptures in rails will next go to Bukana-a section the Imerina province, while the southof about 100 miles-situated on the ern committee, meeting at Fi<'marantnavigable headwaters of the Kongo. soa, the chief town of the Betsileo When Bukana is reached there will be province, has charge of Bible work in connection by river at~d road with the South Madagascar. In addition and Atlantic at the mouth of the Kongo. supplementary to these there exists Through trains are now running twice also in the north an auxiliary societyweekly between Cape Town and the a purely native organization-which Victoria Falls and between Victoria has generally a missionary as its treas- Falls and Broken Hill. urer and sometimes also for its chair- man. At the capital and in the cen- Revival at Livingstonia tral province, the Bible Society's prices are IS. for a Bible and 4d. for Several months ago special meetings a New Testament. This Malagasy were held lasting several days, with a auxiliary purchases a certain number large attendance, and numerous con- of Bibles and Testaments from the versions. The communion was held Northern Bible Committee, and then later, on Sunday morning, so as to sells these books at half-price outside avoid, as far as possible, the great heat Imerina. It also distributes copies of of this season of the year. There were the Scriptures among orphans, lepers, 1,300 members present. The church and the destitute. was more than comfortably full, and the elders had difficulty in making Evangelizing Tour in Madagascar their way among the people with the elements; yet only about two-thirds of Toward the end of 1907 two French the members were present-there Protestant missionaries, Messrs. Rusilbeing now considerably over 2,000 on Ion and Chaze1, of the Paris Mission, the roll. made an evangelistic tour among cer- tain heathen tribes in Madagascar. Good News from Togoland Among the Sakalava they found seven primitive Christian congrega- The North German Missionary So- tions. No missionary, or native Chrisciety reports that the Lord granted tian from Imerina had founded these; unto its faithful laborers among the

but a man of their own Sakalava tribe tifnl church to hold about 150 has been had obtained a Bible and read it, and built by the people's work and offerhad then taught its truths to his fel- ings unknown to the missionaries. lows. These cong-regations were The school has alreadv 80 scholars and meeting to search the Scripture for the Sunday congregations number 200. themselves and to encourage one another to carry out its precepts. Thus the whole country is ripe for the gospel, and ;Iashonaland seems to A Call From Mashonaland be on the way of becoming a second Uganda. The missionaries of the S. P. G. in 11 ashonaland are eagerly asking for AMERICA more workers among the natives of Manicaland. That district is declared A Great Indianapolis Convention to be ripe for the gospel in an extraordinary manner. Three years ago In the series of 76 conventions in the the first out-station was founded in the national campaign of the Laymen's district; the next year another was Missionary Movement, that at Indianadded, and last year four were opened, apolis scored some record-breaking while at least four places more are features. calling for the starting of the work. Three of these out-stations are large 1. "At the men's dinner 2,304 particienough to be made into central sta- pated, 2,lI6 at Tomlinson Hall, and tions at once and practically a whole 188 at the Young Men's Christian Astribe, the Manyika, is moving toward sociation. One hundred other ticket- God. The schools are crowded. The holders were unable to obtain admisservices of the Lord's day are attended sIOn. by multitudes, many walking miles to be present. In one of the stations, at 2. A single church, the Tabernacle Matiza's, where a catechist is at work, Presbyterian, provided the largest an amazing church has been erected. delegation, 135 men, who marched to It is a mud building over 90 feet long the hall to the tune of the pipes blown and nearly 25 feet high. The center- by a Highlander in fnll costume. One poles were cut ten miles away, and little German Baptist Church, with a each took ten men to carry. There is total male membership of 20, sent 15 hardly a nail in the building, and all is to the convention. held together by "tambo," or strips of bark. It was built by an insignifi- 3. The ministers' meeting assembled cant-looking man, but practically the whole population worked with him 205 men to meet Mr. J. Campbel! voluntarily and energetically. The chancel is almost cathedral-like in its Vhite in conference. extent. Large crowds, up to 500, 4. The simultaneous meetings were gather together twice daily for prayers, and the huge congregations of the held, comprizing-an all-clay session Lord's day are astonishing. The num- of the Women's Missionary Social ber of catechumens is great. Union with an attendance of 1,000 in the morning, 800 at lunch and 1,200 in In Banda, five hours' walk from the afternoon. There was a boy's Matiza's, about ISO are in the day- meeting of 500, following which a school, while 400 attend the regular hero's club of 127 boys was formed services. A cruciform church is in for the stucly of the lives of great miscourse of erection. It will be of bricks sionaries-and the five college and burnt by the natives trained in the mis- university meetings through which the sionary schools at St. Augustine's. At Laymen issued their challenge to over Zambi's Kraal, where a native worker 750 students. settled not many 1110nths ago, a beau- 5. There were 14 denominational conferences, in which the total share assumed by the city was settled upon the various sections of the churches there represent.ed.

The entire registration numbered 2.875, second only to the greater New York Convention, at which 3,350 dele-

GENERAL MISSIONARY

gates were registered. Of the dele- the next five 111onths. Let the twosgates 855 were from the State outside and-twos go at once, and let them be of Indianapolis. led and followed by a great tide of prayer." The program was especially strong -Ex-Vice President Fairbanks, who California Laymen Awake has just completed a world tour in which he investigated missionary con- The Pacific Advocate gives this ditions in many lands; Governor breezy account of a laymen's conven- tion held at Los Angeles: Thomas R. Marshall, J. Campbell "They came from all over the con- White, George Sherwood Eddy, and tributing territory. Lots of busy men Bishop McDowell, of Chicago, were among them, too. Preliminary among the best-known speakers, while 'boosting' meetings had been held by 27 others, missionary secretaries, for- the local committees at some points eign missionaries and prominent busi- and results justified the extra effort. ness and public men participated in No words can describe the opening one of the strongest programs of the dinner on Tuesday night, March 8. entire series. To say that over 1,600 men sat down to dinner would be cold facts. To add The attendance at the day sessions that over roo didn't get in because they was remarkable for size and enthu- did not have tickets would make you siasm. The new objective for the I ro ask why tickets were not sold to them. The only way to understand it was churches representing the IS denomi- to be there, to see the two three-car electric trains bring in over 400 Pasanations of the city was set at $75,000, dena men, 'not an ostrich feather in . or 3 times the amount given last year. the bunch,' as one man explained it to It was a fitting climax to the cam- a wondering female when they alightpaign, and has brought a revival of ed. Then if you had stood on the real religion to the life of the city and sidewalk or street in front of the great- State.-H. F. LAFLAMINE. est department store in southern Cal- ifornia, with a thousand men, while The Women Also Astir seven elevators were heroically trying to decrease the crowd by carrying As might be expected, as might also them to the fourth floor; if you had have been taken for granted, the wo- seen the crowd sway and joke and then men of our churches are watching the swing into 'Onward Christian Sol- Laymen's Movement with eager eyes, diers,' 'The King's Business,' 'Blest Be and are stirred to greater missionary the Tie That Bin<:lS," and end up with zeal. The women of the Methodist 'Hold the Fort,' which finally broke Church, already among the foremost in down when they saw the reenforcethe American churches, are taking the ments now arriving with a policeman lead in calling for an advance. They keeping time to the music, if you had say: "If the brethren feel thus the seen this you would have some of the urgency of the situation, shall not our fire of it all. The 1,600 men were women be swift to recognize it? If finally seated. It took wagon-loads of the needs of the work for women and food and tons of dishes, but the service girls in foreign lands rest thus heavily was excellent, yet there was not room on men's hearts, shall not Christian for the 'one more' and certainly not women respond instantly to the need? for the hundred men who were ticket- If this is the situation, then what shall less. In the three hours was packed a we do? With joy we send the bugle- thousand years of throb for many a call to all the Woman's Foreign Mis- life there." sionary Society women of America to begin an active, systematic, patient, The convention voted that the two-and-two canvass of the women of churches represented ought to raise Methodism to win their cooperation. their missionary contributions from By using the machinery of our society, the canvass may be organized in every conference district and local church in

$150,000 to $25°,000; but when later 000, of whom over one-fifth were each denomination met by itself to take children. The meetings were in sixty action in the matter, it was found that centers, including tents, shops, halls and the amount pledged amounted to open air, and in seven languages, Eng- lish, Italian, Finnish-Swedish, Bo- $282,000. hemian-Slavok, Spanish, Polish, Hun- garian. Meetings were held also for Summer Schools for Mission Study colored folk. Certainly this is a good showing, and we can say from per- The Women's Central Committee sonal observation that to these crowds on the United Study of Missions, an- the gospel was faithfully preached and nounce the summer schools for which with most encouraging results. they provide lecturers for the coming season: A Sunday-school Mission Superintendent Winona, Ind …. ' . . ……… June 24-27 The International Sunday-school Association has added a new man to Boulder, Col.. . ……. July 5-12 its working force by appointing Rev. William A. Brown as superintendent Los Angeles, Cal. …….. ' ……. July 4- 12 of missions. There was already a strong missionary committee. Mr. Mt. Hermon, Cal. …………… July 12-17 Brown began his ministry as a home missionary in Missouri. Next he went Northfield, Mass ……………. July 21 -28 to the Philippine Islands, where he served first as pastor of the English- Chautauqua, N. Y… . … July 30-Aug. 6 speaking church in Manila, and after- ward as missionary to the Pampam- Mrs. W. A. Montgomery will lec- gallS. III health compelled him to ture at all of these schools with the return to this country, and he minisexception of Boulder, Col., where Mrs. tered in the Methodist pastorate until Mildred Berry, of Chicago, will lec- 1907, when he became Western field ture. The text-book, "Western W om- secretary of the Young People's Misen in Eastern Lands," is one of great sionary Movement. interest to all women's societies. This book is by Mrs. Montgomery, and Medical Missionary Conference at Battle gives the first adequate history of the Women's Foreign Missionary Move- Creek ment in America. It is especially timely at this fiftieth anniversary of The Second Medical Missionary the organization of the first Woman's Conference (Interdenominational) was Board of Missions, the "Women's held at the Battle Creek, Mich., Union Missionary Society." Sanitorium, on February 15th, 16th and 17th. It is reported to have been The Junior Book, also by Mrs. a decided success. More than one hun- Montgomery, is "The Finding Out dred missionaries were in attendance, Club," and follows the line of the sen- most of whom were medical missionior text-book. Sunday-school teachers aries. They represented fifteen deand junior leaders will find this a capi- nominations and nearly every country on the globe. Rev. Robert H. Nassau, tal helper. M.D., D.D., of Philadelphia, who has The tenth year of United Study of spent fifty years in western Africa, presided over the meetings, being as- Missions for Women is celebrated by sisted by Bishop J. M. Thoburn, the the appearance of the Anniversary Li- hero of Methodist missions in India. brary Edition of the ten books issued The program was rich in instruction by the Society, in uniform binding, and general missionary interest. Unity of spirit and brotherly love prevailed blue and gold. The price is $7.50 for throughout the sessions, and steps ten volumes in a case. Nearly 600,000 of these books have been sold.

Evangelism in New York City In the Fifth Annual Report the Evangelistic Committee of the city states that nearly 2,000 meetings were held between the middle of June and the middle of September, last year, with a total attendance of nearly 300,-

were taken to provide for the perma- on this groot work. It employs misnency of these conferences as an an- sionaries at Ellis Island to supply the nual fixture. The next conference will immigrants, so that each may have the be held early in January, 1911. Book in his mother tongue. A mis- sionary is also employed to work Great Gathering of Indian Chiefs among the sailors of the harbor, visit- ing over 300 vessels every month. In It is proposed to hold, at Muskogee, the city Bibles 2.re placed in hotels, Oklahoma, in late June, a national hospitals and p6sons. Missionaries Indian convention to which all the and pastors of every creed <In: supplied chiefs of every tribe in North Amer- with the Scriptures for house-to-house ica are invited, as well as thc President visitation. and Colonels Roosevelt and Cody, with other notabilities and scouts. Our Polyglot Lutherans Muskogee is the capital of the Creek nation in the former Indian Territory. Of Lutherans in the United States, If the convention is a success, it will 900,000 use the German language, tend to make the Indian more a citizen 600,000 the English, 300,000 the Norin the big republic in feeling as the wegian, 150,000 the Swedish, 22,000 organization takes its place alongside the Danish, 13,000 the Finnish, 5,000 of the other societies of race origin the Icelandic, with a hundred thouwhich are so common among us. And sand scattering, making a total of more ultimately we may have patriotic so- than a dozen different tongues. Says cieties founded on descent from Indian an exchange: "With the exception of warriors among the women. the Roman Catholic, the Lutheran is the most polyglot Church in this coun- Hilarious Giving a Reality try. This complicates its problems; multiplies its difficulties and wonder- "I am having more fun than any fully enlarges its possibilities. We other millionaire alive," said Dr. do not need a magnifying-glass to see Daniel K. Pearsons last week. "Let its prospects." other rich men go in for automobiles and steam yachts. I have discovered, Memorials to Misaionary Martyrs after endowing forty-seven colleges in twenty-four States, that giving is the Memorial tablets have recently been most exquisite of all mundane delights. unveiled to men who died last year in On my ninetieth birthday, April 14, Adana, Asia Minor, and in Persia. A next, I am going to have a squaring up Tiffany bronze tablet to Rev. Daniel with all the small colleges I have Miner Rogers, who was killed in the promised money, and I serve notice Adana massacre April 15, 1909, was now that beginning then I am going erected in the South Congregational on a new rampage of giving. I intend Church of New Britain, Conn., where to die penniless. I am going to live he was brought up. The tablet is a ten years longer, and during that time gift from the New Britain C. E. I expect to do nothing but give away Union. Another tablet was unveiled lTIOney." in the Congregational Church at East Dorset, Vermont, where Mr. Rogers A Bible for Every Immigrant ministered for two years before going to Turkey. The greatest offer ever made for Bible distribution in New York City Hunger for the Word in Mexico has been made to the New York Bible Society. A friend, who withholds his An earnest request has come from name, has offered to give dollar for Mexico for a special edition of 100,- dollar for all that shall be raised up to 000 copies of the Gospels for distribu- $100,000 for the work of Bible distri- tion in connection with the Centennial bution among the immigrants, the of Mexican Independence. There are sailors and among all nationalities of about 1,000 congregations in Mexico, the city of New York. The New and it is expected to make each of York Bible Society is alone carrying

these a center of distribution. Twenty- tions. The lecture this year was de- five years ago the Methodist Episcopal livered by Sir Andrew Fraser, April Mission distributed 20,000 Testaments 7, in Belvoir Street Chapel, Leicester, within a few months. At that time and was preceded by a pilgrimage to this mission had only about 30 congre- Carey's Chapel in Harvey Lane, at gations; to-day it has over ISO. The which the Rev. C. E. Wilson, general Presbyterian, .Methodist Episcopal, secretary, spoke, and an opportunity South, Baptist, Congregational, Re- was given of inspecting many inter- formed Church, Friends, and Episco- esting relics and the cottage in which palian missions, all have important Carey lived.

congregations. We shall be glad to A Baptist Forward Movement receive any special gifts that may be placed in our hands for this centennial By the Baptist Missionary Society distribution of the Scriptures in Mex- an announcement is made of a great ico.-Bible Societ)1 Record. campaign for Baptist foreign missions, a year's strenuous work, a combined Self-help in Brazil effort, an advance in the whole en- terprise for the evangelization of the A Presbyterian Missionary writes heathen. "The mission fields we ochome that the churches of Para and cupy have a population of about 50,- Maranham both contributed an aver- 000,000 souls. It needs at least 1,000 age of more than $ro a member during missionaries, and an income of half the year. The church at Ceara sent its pastor on a missionary visit which con- a million (sterling) a year. ,,ye are sumed three months of his time before he reached the outermost point over 400,000 Baptists in Church felvisited, and would consume another lowship. . We want every churchthree months before he would return member and seat-holder to be personto his own people. Such an illustra- ally solicited to become a regular con- tributor to our general funds. We tion of a genuine missionary spirit on their part deserves a permanent place propose to organize within the next in the history of our work. The elders twelve months a visitation of all parts of the church made themselves re- of the country, as far as possible." sponsible for the church services during his absence. This mission has Church Federation in England pursued the policy of trying to supply its needs with a minimum of foreign There is a proposal to form a workers and by training and sending United Free Church of England. It out as many native workers as possible. Their equipment for this work was brought forward by the Rev. J. is sadly deficient and ought to be speedily provided by the Church at H. Shakespeare, secretary of the Baphome. tist Union, in the National Free Church Council at Hull, and formed EUROPE-GREAT BRITAIN one of the most notable incidents in the proceedings. It was received with favor by the council, and has since won approving comment from leading Free Church organs. What is pro- A William Carey Lectureship posed, however, is not an organic The Leicestershire auxiliary of the union, but a cooperative federation, of Baptist Missionary Society is insti- the Evangelical Free Churches of tuting an annual lecture to commem- England, in which these churches shall orate the life and work of William regard themselves as separate (Bap- Carey, the pioneer of modern mis- tist, Methodist, Presbyterian, etc.) sions. Each year a specialist in the sections of the one United Free Church domain of missionary knowledge will of England-each section autonomous.

be secured, who will make the lecture but all working together with a com- an opportunity of a leading contribu- mon policy and in full cooperation, tion to some phase of the great prob- with a representative board to inves- .Jem of preaching the gospel to all na- tigate facts and advise as to duty. The

MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE

proposal has also in view a redistribu- Mohammedan seminary as an instrument tion of forces as regards colleges, for the conquest of the Moslem world. churches, missions, etc., their existing Its purposes are, first, the preparation of resources being almost adequate if a new mission literature for circulation in they were better arranged.-Alission- all Mohammedan countries, and secondly, ar}' Record. the training of missionaries with espe- cial regard to service among Islamic peo- THE CONTINENT ples. The establishment of this semi- nary is the consequence of a series of Spain Learning Through Tribulations remarkable conversions-that of three Mohammedan "mollahs," or priests. Secretary Darton, of theA1l1erican Board, writes in the Missiollary Her- Mohammed Schiikri Effendi, who at his aid: "Spain has been learning things baptism in 1885 took the name of Awednring the last decade; and there was taranian, was a "Seid," or descendant of much need of the lessons. Vhile the the prophet, dedicated in his childhood Catholic Church is a state church, it to the priesthood and educated as "moldoes not present that spirit of unity lah" in the schools of his native city. often credited to it by outsiders. There Sheik Achmed Keschaf was until 1907 is not a little resemblance in this re- head of the Dervish order of Riifai in spect to the Church of England, altho Macedonia. He had reached the highest the disagreements between the High place in the teaching and practises of the and the Low Church in England are Dervishes and in their mystic philosophy by no means as violent or varied as of Sufism. Mohammed Nessimi Effendi, those existing between the state church his brother, is a Muderis or holder of a in Spain and the various orders of diploma of professor of Moslem theology the church. A third of a century ago, of the first class, He is everywhere recwhen Protestant missionaries first en- ognized as one of the first scholars of tered Spain, they fot:nd few frienc~s the Islamic world-a debater of extraorand a country mad with open OppOSI- dinary power and wisdom. tion. The changes that have taken place in these few years are almost Finnish Missionary Harvest startling, but yet fundamental. The vision of thousands of the best people The missionaries of the Finnish of Spain has been lifted beyond the narrow barriers erected by the church, lIissionary Society are able to say and in their hearts has been planted a longing to be intellectually and spiri- with gratitude to God, "They that sow tually free. These are the present conditions that so wielely prevail here. in tears, shall reap in joy." Fifty New ideas of personal liberty in religious thonght and practise have al- years ago the work in Ovamboland, in reaclv taken root in the minds of the thinking men of Spain. The war with German Southwest Africa, was the United States had not a little to do in preparing the ground for the started. It took patience and love, and more rapid development of these ideas." faith, and tears, for many a faithful missionary worker became a victim of the murderous climate. Now the har- vest seems at hand. Alreacly I,76o native Christians have been gathered upon the eight stations and fifteen out- stations, while 1,240 pupils are attend- ing the missionary schools. The churchcs are far too small for the large crowds which come to hear the ~(yeoesmpsel.to The opposition of the,heathen be broken, and they are will- ing to consider the claims of Christ.

Even among the women a most prom- To Train Missionaries to Moslems ~ing beginning has been made. Mis- Ernest Gordon writes in the Record sion Director Mustakallio made a tour of Christian Work: of inspection not long ago and was Potsdam the head-center of Prussian overjoyed as he saw the signs of the GmrieliattarEilsem~t'orw,itohf its memories of the approaching harvest everywhere, He Friedrich, of the heroic days of 1870, j's to be the seat of a new was struck especially with the attitude enterprise more peaceful in character, of reverence shown by the native and yet militant, too. The German Christians during the services, with Orient Mission is to establish there a their remarkably consistent Christian

walk and conversation, and with their concerning the general cause of Mo- fine singing in the churches. The hammedanism. Thus, the whole cele- work of the missionary schools also bration was purely Mohammedan, the made a fine impression upon him, and like of which St. Petersburg had never he became deeply conscious of the im- seen before. But a more important portant part which the little printing- person than the Emir had reached St. press, that issues literature in the Petersburg about the same time. The Ovambo language, has played in the Mufti Chadsti Mohammediae Sulbattle for Christ. We hear that Jesuits tanow, the head of all Mohammedan are endangering the work by their at- priests in the Russian Empire, had tempts at proselyting. quietly left his 'residence in far-away Orenburg, that he might be in the Mohammedan Influence in Russia capital during these days. The Mufti is a very wise man and is far better A German daily paper, Taegliche treated and more flattered by the Rus- Rundschau, calls attention to the sian Government than the highest digthreatening progress of Islam in Rus- nitaries of Roman Catholicism or sia in an article by Count Richard von Protestantism. Why? Because he Pfeil, which we translate freely: directs the attitude of all the Russian priests and, with them, of the four- The visit of the Emir of Bokhara to teen millions of Mohammedans in St. Petersburg has aroused little at- Russia toward the Czar and the countention outside of Russia. It was not try. the first time that the Mohammedan ruler visited the court of the Czar, and German Protestants in Russia it was taken for granted that he would be treated like he was at the former One of the greatest assets of evanoccasion, tho now he came in celebra- gelical Christianity in Russia and a tion of his twenty-fifth anniversary as chief fulcrum for Christian work there Emir. Then he was received as a is the great German Protestant comvassal of the Czar and was made an munity. The fact that the word adjutant-general. This time, how- Stundist is a German word (Slutlde, ever, he was treated almost like a an hour, being the name used for an reigning prince, was received with evangelical Bible-meeting), indicates great splendor by the Czar, and was the source of much of present-day made the commander-in-chief of a Russian piety. regiment. An official dinner was given to him by the Emperor, and it The progress of the German colwas surely no mere accident that the onists in South Russia is strikingly il- Governor-General of Turkestan, which lustrated by the extent to which they is neighbor to Bokhara, visited St. are landowners. In the government Petersburg at this very time and took of Taurien and especially of the part in the dinner. Crimea, almost a half of all landed property is in their hands. In the During the visit of the Emir the neighboring provinces all over the corner-stone of the first mosque in St. south it is just the same. The growth Petersburg was laid in the presence of of German possessions is so great as the highest Russian dignitaries. The to excite not only astonishment but ap- Emir occupied the place of honor. The prehension among Russian political highest Mohammedan priest of St. economists. Every year the sons of Petersburg, the aged Achun Bajasi- German peasants band together, purtow, made the chief address, in which chase great tracts of land from Rushe referred to the Czar as the protector sians or Tatars, from noblemen as well of the followers of Mohammed the as from peasants, often in the heart of prophet and spoke of the love and a Russian community, and then rekindness with which he had aided the distribute it among themselves. They great cause of building the mosque. erect schools, meeting-houses and the He then praised the merits of the Emir

other institutions of the parent village. 6. Girls need not learn foreign lan- Richer peasants here and there acquire gua!!es. large estates and set up their stables, workshops, windmills, machine-sheds, 7. The rudiments of arithmetic are etc., often on a large scale. One sel- sufficient for home-life. dom meets isolated Germans in Russian villages. They retain, as a rule, 8. Geography is unnecessary, because German characteristics. when a woman travels she is under the care of her husband or a mal~ relative. ASIA 9. Egyptian girls must read the biogra- Missions in Moslem Land. phies of Arabian women, who excelled especially in modesty and hnmility. In his book just from the press, entitled, "Protestant Missions in the 10. Girls must read all passages of Near East," Rev. Julius~Richter sup- the Koran and all the precepts of the plies abundant up-to-date information Prophet referring to women. concerning Protestant evangelizing work in Turkey, Persia, Syria, Pales- 11. Girls must learn house-work, cooking, washing, and similar things.

While these principles of female ed- ucation may seem childish to us, they show a wonderful change of the atti- tude of Islam toward woman.

tine, Arabia, Egypt and the Sudan. Missionary Opportunities in Turkey At the close a bird's-eye view of re- Euphrates College is the only instisults is given in .a series of statistical tution of its kind in all eastern Turkey, tables. Of the nearly twoscore so- with 900 students in the whole educacieties named, three do by far the larg- tional system from preparatory school est part of the work, the American up. Education has received ~ gre~t Board, Presbyterians (North), and impetus from the late revolutions In the United Presbyterians. The staff Turkey. The Turks are willing to of foreign staff numbers I ,032, the send their children to the schools benative workers number 2,87I, the com- cause of the new freedom. The municants 34,600, and the adherents strongest and best leaders of the new nearly three times as many. So dry movement, the men that Turkey now and stony is the Palestine field that, looks to with confidence, are, many of tho 24 s~cieties maintain a foreign them, graduates of the Christian colstaff of 354, the communicants num- leges-a sufficient answer to any who do not believe in missions in Turkey. ber but 3,462.

Islam and Woman's Education There is a great chance also in the Misr-el-Fatat, a Mohammedan pa- industrial missions and in the wide- spread distribution of literature, in the per published in Egypt, .a ~hort time founding and printing of newspapers ago, contained a le~gthy article on ~he that shall bring a message to these people. The opportunity ~or !lledical question of what kmd of an educatlOn work throughout the empIre IS won- derful. Wherever the American medgirls need. The writer took for grant- ical missionary plants his hospital, the people flock to him, rich and ~oor ed that every Mohammedan, man or alike, because they know that he gIves them the best surgery known, offered wfoormmualn~tmedustht elefaorlnloswoimngethpirningc,ipalneds he in an absolutely unselfish spirit. of INDIA female education: A Laymen's Movement in India? 1. The teachers of MohamJ?edan girls must be of Turkish or Egyptlan descent, What if the wonderful awakening in because European teachers cause theIr America of Christian business men to pnpils to lose their national loyalty. missionary zeal should cross the. A.t- lantic, spread through Great Bntam 2. Male teachers of girls must be at and Protestant Europe, and even to least 50 years old. the unevangelized lands of the Orient I 3. School hours should be daily from 8 to I o'clock.

4. Girls should enter the schools when five years old and leave at the age of 11 or 12. Five years of school are sufficient for the education of any girl.

5. Girls must wear national dress in school.

Particularly in India, by the ten thou- the doctrines held in common by the sand Englishmen are to be found, various Protestant churches. The holding official positions or engaged in council believes that the things in business. Tho these are not all Chris- which these churches differ are few tian, yet many are. Tho living in or compared with those in which they near regions where missions are car- agree, and that a college conducted on ried on, they know nothing, and hence the broad lines laid down ought to care nothing for such work, being prove a success. wholly engrossed with secular affairs. And the question has arisen, Why Christianity and Crime in India should there not be inaugurated a systematic attempt to supply these lay- In the Indian Empire there is, acmen with missionary information, and cording to the Government records, thus enlist their interest and cooperation. A number of Indian papers are one criminal Hindu in 447 of the popputting this question to their readers. .rhus the Bombay Guardian quotes ulation, but ~mong Christian natives from the Indian Methodist Times a there is found only one in 2,500. Thus suggestion for a Laymen's Movement the estimate has been made that, "if in the Peninsula; stating also that the all the people in the Madras Presisame idea had been exprest by the dency were Christians, there would be editor of The Statesman at a mission- 12,000 criminals less annually and ary meeting held in Calcutta in con- most of the jails might be shut." nection with the triennial conference of Baptist missionaries, with the sug- Coming by Tribes in Kengtung gesticn that the press be systematically employed and public gatherings be During the past year in the Kengheld. tung field, Burma, several hundred have been baptized of a new tribe, the A Rare Spectacle of Christian Union Sam Taus, who are a literate people. Still another tribe, the Yao, have sent Early in July, after months of care- delegates to inquire concerning Chrisful planning, a union theological sem- tianity and have had teachers disinary is to be opened in Bangalore, patched to them. It is impossible to South India, in which seven mission- meet the demand for teachers either ary societies (American, English, in the evangelized or the unevan- Scotch and Danish) unite. gelized districts. Rev. C. B. Antisdel has prepared charts and readers in The college will begin with two Lahw for first grade, and in Shan for European professors on the staff, be- first, second and third grades; also an sides the necessary Indian Pundits, elementary arithmetic, .and many gosand while the instruction will be main- pel narratives in Lahw.-Missions. ly through the medium of English, special attention will be given to the CHINA vernaculars and Sanskrit. The Wesleyan Missionary Society is expected Opium Really Prohibited soon to furnish a professor, and it is hoped that the American missions will Bishop Bashford writes: "Between also contribute a member to the teach- one and two million opium-dens have ing staff. For the present, the insti- been closed within the past three tution will utilize the buildings of the years. The avowed aim of the gov- London Mission Seminary, now ernment is to sweep away nine-tenths closed, which with its compound has of the opium evil by the close of 1910. been kindly placed at the disposal of Probably she will not accomplish so the council. Larger and permanent much within so short a time; but quarters, for which a considerable sum Prince Tsai Tao, younger brother of has already been given, will be secured Prince Chun, regent, said to me relater. The basis of teaching will be cently: 'First, the government will not abate one jot or tittle of its efforts to destroy all opium. Second, not a young man now entering upon of- ficial life uses opium; all know that

GENERAL MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE

it closes every door of advancement. girls' school in Kwangtung Province Our entire official body will soon be at a cost of $800, and is supporting abstainers from this drug. We shall the school at a cost of $60 a year. Dr. then purify the empire from this T. M. Liung, a dentist returned from curse.' So urgent are the exhorta- California, was largely instrumental in tions and orders from the throne that securing a valuable corner lot, within one of the oldest and best governors a few minutes' walk of the center of recently died through suddenly break~ Hongkong, on which is a four-story ing off the use of opium. He refused building. Thus our mission in to touch the drug after the collapse Kwangtung, wholly originated, sup~ set in, saying that he would rather ported, and maintained by the Chi~ die in a struggle for freedom and in nese in America and in Kwangtung, obedience to the throne than live as owns four buildings, worth about $10,- a slave to opium. The Chinese are in 000, without indebtedness, has about earnest in this reform." 120 church-members, more than 100 in the Sunday-schools, and two boys' A Whole Village Seeking Baptism and two girls' schools.-World-Wide Missions. Miss A. M. Jones, of Canton, is engaged in evangelistic work in the K.OREA country places on the East River. Of one of the villages visited she wrote Missionary Enterprise in K.orea recently: "I went with Chaak A-Tseung as guide to Kong-p'i-t'au, a The Japan Mail a few weeks since small village on the Lo-a-shaan side summarizes an article in the Niroku of the river. The whole village has Shimpo in which the forces and acasked for baptism, and they have given tivities of Christian missionaries in us the ancestral hall for a chapel. As Korea are strikingly set forth. The I sat teaching the women and children statement is as follows: "The Niroku the Commandments, 'Thou shalt have Shimpo publishes some interesting stanone other gods but Me,' 'Thou shalt tistics relating to missionary enternot make to thyself any graven image,' prise in the Korean Peninsula. Acthe women eagerly broke in and told cording to the figures given, the me 'they had no idols; they had de- money actually devoted to purposes of stroyed them all and the incense- Christian propagandism in Korea is burners.' The wood and paper idols $7,000,000 per annum, which is nearly were made into a bonfire and burnt, the double of the sum, 3,800,000 yen, and the stone ones drowned-cast into appropriated for the uses of the resi~ the water. dency-general. Further, out of the primary schools, numbering 2,000 in American Chinese as Home Missionaries round figures, more than one-half are under the control of the missionaries. In IgoI the Rev. Yue Kwai, a Chi- There are altogether 807 churches, 257 nese converted in California, went out foreign missionaries, over 400 Korean to work among his fellow countrymen, pastors, 200,000 converts, 350 schools and especially to gather up the Chi- directly attached to Christian missions, nese Methodists who had returned 15,000 students receiving instruction from the United States. Assisted by from Christian missionaries, and IS the Chinese Missionary Society in San hospitals under missionary manage~ Francisco, Mr. Yue Kwai built a ment." church and school, and gathered a considerable congregation. In 1907 Koreans a. Home Missionaries he opened work in a market town in the Sanning district, and later started The following extract from a letter a mission in a railroad town on the from Rev. D. A. Bunker gives some line connecting Hongkong and Can- facts which every Christian ought to ton. A Christian Chinaman who had know. If all Christians were as returned from Sacramento built a earnest to win souls as the Koreans

are, what a revolution there would be and established a school in Tokyo, in every land. which is still carried on under some- "Work along all lines goes forward what changed conditions. Now, from rapidly-so fast that we can hardly that school as originally started have keep within sight of the van. It is sprung up high schools for girls in a great opportunity for winning souls every prefecture and every large city for Christ in this land, and we are all throughout the empire of Japan. As on the run to keep pace with the work a rule, mission-schools preceded them, we have in hand. The people of the and endeavored to carryon the educa- church of which I have charge here tion of girls from twelve or thirteen in the city are carrying on home mis- as they left the primary-schools; but sion work in over 140 villages outside the government, being now convinced this city wall. Every Sabbath the that female education must be carried members and the workers they have to a higher stage, has not only estab- enlisted carryon regular preaching in lished these schools, but has raised I I mission chapels. Last Sunday I their standard.

was at one of these chapels and re- How a Surgeon Found God ceived 23 probationers. The native pastor and myself are out among Dr. Fujikawa, an army surgeon of these chapels more than half our Sab- Beppu, Japan, and a recent convert to baths. At every chapel there are can- Christianity, told his pastor, Mr. didates for baptism or full member- Nakamura, that, having become un- easy on account of his sinful life, it ship, or for probationship, awaiting us. occurred to him that some god might A few Sabbaths ago at one chapel I give him relief. His father is a Shinto baptized six persons, the average age priest, but that religion did not C0111of whom was above seventy. One mend its deities to him. So he said: husband was seventy-nine and his "I was looking about for some reawife seventy-six." sonable and trustworthy god." About A Korean Christian Statesman that time he got hold of a Dible. It is Han. T. H. Yun, of Korea, and at not surprizing that his search ended present in this country as the guest of there. A "reasonable and trustworthy the Laymen's Missionary Movement, God" is He whom we preach. The has been making a number of mission- _description is an artless one; but, like aryaddresses. Mr. Yun was educated Paul, who seized upon the longing for at Vanderbilt University and return- "God Unknown," we are ready to ing to Korea about twenty years ago, meet any demands like this. Now, Dr.

began at once to ascend in the political Fujikawa says of himself: "I am like world, till he was made Minister of a man in the recovering state from Education, deputy to the coronation typhoid fever-longing for more of the Czar, and governor of a prov- food." He proposes, when his term ince, becoming indeed the first citizen of service in the army is over; to es- of Korea, and those who know him be- tablish a Christian hospital for the lieve there is nowhere in the world to- poor.

day a finer product of Protestant ISLANDS OF THE SEA Olristian missions. Mission Comity in the Philippines JAPAN The evangelical missions opening Schools for Japanese Girls work in the Philippines are the Pres- • Some years ago a special appeal byterian, Methodist Episcopal, Baptist, was sent to England by Japanese edu- American Board, United Brethren, cationalists and others in high posi- Disciples, and the Peniel. In order tion in Tokyo asking that Christian that men and means might not be use- ladies might be sent out to start a lessly duplicated, a union was effected high school for girls in the capital. which, altho but advisory in its A weIl-equipped staff was sent out, powers, has nevertheless been a great

factor in the development of mission tion? ·Will you not sit down and policies in the islands. A division of territory was accepted and followed count the cost for yourself? Will with but few exceptions. The story you undertake your share? Will you of the vast numbers who crowded to underwrite your share of the bud- get?

hear the gospel is too well known to The Bishop of Bombay, speaking be repeated. Ten years ago but a be- recently of what a serious effort on ginning, to-day the islands are dotted the part of the Church to evangelize with well-organized and in many the world would cost, said: cases self-supporting congregations, It would cost the reduction of the totaling some hundred thousand mem- staff of clergy all around. It would cost bers. Truly it is marvelous, and more the laity time and personal service. It would cost some people the difference than man's doings. between a larger house and a smaller Gospel Progress in Sumatra one-and others that between frequent In the East Indian island of Su- holidays and rare holidays, and so on matra, which is nearly as large as through all the comforts and pleasures Sweden, the central highlands are oc- of life. It would mean the marks of suffering all over the Church. It would cupied by a people known as the mean everywhere the savor of death, Battas or Battaks, who declare them- and, what we have not yet faced, death selves to be the oldest inhabitants of as a Church, renunciation of spiritual the island. They live by agriculture, privileges and delights. I call upon the Church to lay down its life in some real breeding horses and pigs, and culti- sense for the missionary cause.

vating rice and indigo. The Rhenish Shall we pay the cost? We can do Missionary Society began to evangel- it, if we wil1.-S. M. ZWEMER.

ize them about half a century ago, Church Missionary Statistics and there is now a flourishing native A Correction Church in connection with this mission. The entire Bible has been trans- In spite of an effort to secure acculated into the Toba dialect of Batta racy in the statistics which appeaff~d in spoken by the northern Battasand our May number (facing page 380), published, while the New Testament we note some unfortunate errors. The and parts of the Old are also published, Baptist Church (South) should be mainly by the Netherlands Bible So- credited with 22 cents per member for ciety, in Angkola, a southern dialect foreign missions, the Disciples of of the same language. There are now Christ with 35 cents (in place of only 89,000 Batta Christians, 4,000 having 4 cents per member), and the Evanbeen added to the Church last year. gelical Association with 29 cents. The And on the Island of Nias there are United Brethren report 874 new comalso 10,000 people who own Jesus municants on mission fields, or an Christ as their Lord and Master. average of 2.7 per minister (in place MISCELLANEOUS of 41.7 each). We were not able to obtain the num- What It Would Cost ber added on confession in the home ·What would it cost to evangelize churches, but the comparison in the our share of the world? How much tables is practically correct.

would you and I have to give of OBITUARY time and money, of prayer and Rev. H. H. Jessup, of Syria pains, to finish the work which God has given our Church to do? How The grand old man of the Syrian much love and life would need to be missions has passed away in the poured out in Japan and China, in death in Beirut, Syria, of the Rev.

Arabia and India and here at home Henry Harris Jessup, missionary and to reach the last man for which we author, in his seventy-ninth year. An are responsible? Is not this prob-. extended article will be published on lem worthy of practical considera- Dr. Jessup's life, in our July number.

Doctor) essup's recently published au- trustee of the Presbyterian Hospital; tobiography is a remarkable story of a member of the University Extension the Syrian missions. Association, and during the Spanish Doctor Jessup was graduated from war he was president of the Nadonal Yale in 18S1, and from the Union Relief Association. His gifts to for- Theological Seminary in 1855. He was eign missions were large and wisely a missionary at Tripoli, Syria, from directed.

1856 to 1860, and since that time he Henry Nitchie Cobb, of New York had been stationed at Beirut. He was missionary editor of the Arabic jour- Another devoted missionary statesnal EI-Nesrah, and was moderator of man is gone. Rev. Henry Nitchie the General Assembly of 1879. Among Cobb, since 1882 corresponding secrehis works are "The Mohammedan tary of the Board of Foreign Missions Missionary Problem," "The Women of of the Reformed Church of America, the Arabs," "The Greek Church and died on April 17th, at his home, East Protestant Missions," "Syrian Home Life," and "Kamil." Orange, N. J.

Doctor Jessup has contributed great- Mr. Cobb was born seventy-five ly to the remarkable spread of mis- years ago in New York City, the son sionary and educational work in Syria. of the late Sanford and Sophia Nitchie He spoke Arabic fluently, and traveled Cobb. He was graduated from Yale about the country, penetrating even the with the class of 1855. most remote mountain districts, and constantly hazarding his life. In r860 he went to Persia as a mis- sionary, and from 1866 to 188r he was pastor of the Reformed Church of Millbrbok, N. Y.

John H. Converse, of Philadelphia Mr. Cobb traveled extensively in mission fields, and wrote a book on one On May 3d, John H. Converse, of his tours. He was very active in all president of the Baldwin Locomotive departments of foreign missionary Works and one of the noblest and work. most generous supporters of the mis- sionary cause at home and abroad, a Rev. F. A. Hagenauer prominent Presbyterian layman, died The Rev. F. A. Hagenauer died at suddenly from heart disease at his Ramahyuck, Stratford, Australia, on home in Rosemont, near Philadelphia. November 28th. He was a notable fig- . Mr. Converse was sixty-nine years ure in the history of the reclamation old, having been born in Burlington, of the aborigines in Australia during Vt., in 1840. After his graduation the past half-century. Going to Aus- from the University of Vermont, he tralia as a missionary of the Moravian was for three years an editorial writer Church, he worked for many years on the Burlington Times. He then with distinct success among the abo- went to Chicago, where he was en- rigines, especially the northern tribes gaged in railroad work for two years, along the Murray. He was a welI- and in 1870 became a member of the known personage in Melbourne, as a Baldwin Locomotive firm, of which he humorous lecturer also. In later years was afterward elected president. he was appointed superintendent of Mr. Converse gave liberally of his the aboriginal station of Ramahyuck, large fortune. In 1900 he was vice- on the shores of Lake WelIington, and moderator of the Presbyterian General later, as a recognition of his wisdom Assembly, of which he was also presi- and ability, he was made government- dent of the trustees and chairman of inspector of aborigines for the whole the business committee of the Board of of Victoria. He resigned a few years Publication. The committee of' evan- ago on account of increasing age, and gelistic work was largely supported by died eighty-one years old. Mr. Hage- his generosity, He was a trustee of nauer devoted much time and atten- the Princeton Theological Seminary; tion to scientific research among native animals also.

THE MISSIONARY

FIGHTING THE SLAVE HUNTERS IN CENTRAL earth are opening to the gaze of AFRICA. By Alfred ]. Swan. Illus- travelers. Lhasa has yielded its se- trated. 8vo. 359.pages. $3.50, net. ]. B. Llppmcott, Phtladelphia. 1910. crets, and now there appears from the Slavery and the slave-trade is not press this very interesting resume of yet stamped out in Africa. In some t~avel and adventure in the sacred pl~ces conditions worse than slavery cIty of the Moslem world. Some peo- eXist under the name of contract labor ple still believe that Burton was the -where the death of the workers is only man who ever reached the holy more profitable than their life when city. of the Moslem world and few the time comes for the payment of realIze that there are more than a wages or their return to their homes. score of Europeans whose record tells The article by Mr. TRrEaVvIiEsWB, usxhtoown~ of penetrat~on to M.ec~a in disguise. in this number of the These nommal Chnsttans might be the present extent of this inhuman divided into three groups and the story traffic in human beings. Mr. Swan's o,~ each of them is told in this volume.

volumes of stirring tales gives inci- hrst, there were those who went un- dent~ from the thrilling history of willingly,. as it were, by accident, like fighting the slave trade in Central Af- Joseph PItts, t~e sailor boy of Exeter, rica. Mr. Swan has spent twenty- and Johann WIld; then there were the seven years in Africa, and therefore votaries of science, among whom has gathered his information and in- three stand out prominent – Burch- spiration it first hand. Conditions hardt, Seetzen and Hurgronje. Lastly, have i.mpro:v~d in the last twenty-five there were those who were impelled years III Bnttsh Central Africa, where merely by love of adventure or curios- Mr. Swan lived and where he helped ity. The last of these, Gervais Cour- to fight the Arab slave-dealers. tellemont, has the honor oafdvbeenitn~Or'erths.e photographer with these Stories of fiendish cruelty are here Burto~ stands in a class by himself, told-the spearing of wearied women altho III accuracy of scientific descripor of helpless children in order that tion he takes second place to the Holthe mothers might be relieved of the land~r Hur~ronje, wh<,Jse sociological burden and might carry their loads of studies, earned on dunng a residence ivory. of six months, have given us the The rising generation in Africa is standard book on Mecca. Mote than beginning to recognize the disgrace a dozen other nameless Christians are of slavery and social evolution is progre~sing. Nyassaland is now showing referred to, who lost their lives in the mfluence of Christian missions and their venture or became Moslems.

the fruit of the work of early pioneers The general conclusion seems to be is being gathered. that there is less fanaticism than for- The book is one to stir the blood of merly, and that, perhaps, the Meccan those who have humanity enough to Railway, if completed, will set the help heal the "open sore of the world." door ajar.

The pictures are often graphic and A full bibliography and striking il- harrowing and there .are incidents lustrations add to the inte;'C~t of this thrilling al),d heroic. Much informa- fascinating book.

tion is given in passing concerning the A HISTORY OF PROTESTANT MISSIONS IN TIiE NEAR EAST. By Julius Richter. 8vo, natural resources of Africa and the in- 435 pages. $2.50, net. Fleming H. dustrial development of the natives. Revell Co., New York. 1910. The style of the narrative is interest- We have already reviewed the Gering and many of the photographic man edition of this valuable history of missions in the Levant (see page 79; illustrations are unique. January, 1909), but this is more than a translation, it is a revised and im- CHRISTIANS AT MECCA. Augustus Ral1i. proved edition. Dr. Richter is one of 12mo, 283 pages. $1.20, net. William Heinemann & Company, London.

The most secluded corners of the

the leading German authorities on mis- edited, clearly printed and artistically sions and, as we would expect, his edited missionary publication for chilwork is scholarly and thorough. The present volume does for Mohamme- dren we have ever seen. It is dedan lands around the Mediterranean something of what his "History of lightful-not a childish magazine or Missions in India" did for that coun- adults' periodical labeled for children, try. but one written for boys and girls, We have here a thoughtful study of about boys and girls, and in a way the Mohammedan world and the that can not fail to interest boys and Eastern Churches, and the most complete account yet published of the his- girls in the magazine .and in Christian tory and present work of Protestant missions in Turkey, Armenia, Syria missions to other boys and girls. There and Palestine, Persia, Egypt and Abyssinia. It is one of those books are stories about an African Princess, ·that a student of missions can not af- a Korean Prince, adventures on canford to do without. It contains a re- .markable array of facts and is rich in nibal islands, etc. Read it and see biographical material. The statistical why we are pleased to offer Everyland tables show over 1,000 missionaries in in combination with TIlE MISSIONARY these fields and nearly 35,000 Protesrant communicants. REVIEW.

FIFTY-THREE YEARS IN SYRIA. By Henry H. NEW BOOKS Jessup. Illustrated. 2 vols. $5.00. Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. 1910. WINNERS OF THE WORLD DURING TWENTY CENTURIES. A Story and a Study of Dr. Jessup has just passed into the Missionary Effort, from the Time of eternal presence of the Master whom St. Paul to the Present Day. By Mary he served so long and so faithfully. Tracy Gardner and William Edward His two volumes of reminiscences of Gardner. 16mo, 239 pages. Fleming H. life and work in Syria are noteworthy Revell Co., New York. and captivating. They are full of humor, wit and wisdom; they give the FOREIGN MISSIONS. Some Principles and history of the Syrian Mission, inclu- Methods in the Expansion of the Chrisding also the Beirut College and the tian Church. By R. H. Malden, M.A. Mission Press. The book is exception- 256 pages. $1.25, net. Longmans, ally rich in biographical material re- Green & Co., New York. lating to leading missionaries in Syria and Turkey. We will devote an article THE INTERPRETATION OF THE CHARACTER OF to these important volumes and their CHRIST TO NON..{;HRISTIAN RACES. By author in a subsequent number of THE Charles H. Robinson, M.A. 12mo, 200 REVIEW. We have found no topic, pages. $1.20, net. Longmans, Green touched by the gifted author, on which & Co., New York. he does not strike a key-note. The volumes are full of information and FIFTY-THREE YEARS IN SYRIA. By Henry inspiration. Harris Jessup. 8vo. $5.00. Fleming H. Revell Co. EVERYLAND. A new magazine for boys and girls. Edited by Mrs. H. W. Peabody. FIGHTING THE SLAVE-HUNTERS IN CENTRAL Published quarterly at Vest Medford, Boston, Mass. 15 cents a copy. Free AFRICA. By Alfred J. Swann. 8vo. $3.50. (upon request), to subscribers to the J B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia. MISSIONARY REVIEW OF THE WORLD at $2.50 a year. HISTORY OF PROTESTANT MISSIONS IN THE NEAR EAST. By Julius Richter. 8vo. The first two numbers of this maga- $2.50. Fleming H. Revell Co., New zine have appeared and are the most York. attractive, well written, carefully VERY FAR EAST. By C. Winifred Lech- mere Clift. With preface by Alfred A. Head: 3s, 6d. Marshall Brothers, Ltd., KeSWIck House, Paternoster Row, E.c., London. THE PAPAL CONQUEST. By Rev. Alex.

Robertson, D.D. Cloth. 6s. Morgan & Scott, 12, Paternoster Bldgs., E.c., London. THE INDIAN AND HIS PROBLEM. By Fran- cis E. Leupp. 8vo, 369 pages. $2.00. Charles Scribner's Sons, Kew York. CHINA AND THE FAR EAST. By George A. Blakeslee. 12mo. $2.00. Thomas Y. Crowell & Co., New York. NEW CHINA. By W. Y. Fullerton and C. E. Wilson, B.A. 3s, 6d, net. Mor- gan & Scott, Ltd., 12, Paternoster Bldg., London, E.c.

The Missionary Review of the World — January 1910

A PART OF REV. DONALD FRASER'S AUDIENCE l N LOUDON, LlYINGSTON1A, CENTRAL

This is part of a Saturday congregation at the Annual Convention. On a Sabbath morning last June over 8,000 were present, and during the preceding months there were 2,000 candidates for baptism examined by the missionaries. At this meeting on Saturday, 459 adults ,,,ere baptized and received into the Church. On the following day 1,176 communicants partook of the Lord's Suppe r. (See paKc 5.)

fAfissionary CJ(eview

of the World Published by Funk II.Dd Wagnalls Company (Isaac K. Funk, Pres., A. W. WAgnalls, Vice-Pres., Robert J. Cuddihy, Treu., Roh.lri Scott, Sec',.), 44-6u E. 23d St.• New York.

VOL. XXXIII. No.1 JANUARY, 1910 VOL. XXIII. No. Old Series New Series SIGNS OF THE TIMES A CENTURY OF PROGRESS IN MIS- There are nearly twenty-two thousand SIONS foreign missionaries in the world.

The story of a century of foreign The Bible has been translated into missionary achievement should thrill about five hundred languages and dialects. us with enthusiasm for the tasks which Total foreign missionary contributions are yet before US: amount to nearly $25,000,000 annually.

1810 Thousands of medical missionaries in the heathen lands treat three million pa- Nearly every country in Asia and tients a year. Africa was closed to the Gospel. There are 400 mission hospitals and The Church did not believe in foreign over 500 orphanages and asylums in formissions. eign lands, operated by missionaries.

There were practically no Protestant There are over six thousand unmar- Christians in heathen lands. ried women missionaries to heathen wo- men and children. Only one hundred foreign missionaries had been sent out. There are about ninety-three thousand native pastors, evangelists, etc., working The Bible was translated into only among their own people. sixty-five languages. There are nearly 30,000 schools and col- Only a few thousands of dollars were leges conducted by Protestant mi~sion­ given yearly for foreign missions. aries in foreign lands.

There were no medical missionaries. There are over 160 publishing houses There were no mission hospitals or and mission presses, and 400 Christian orphanages. periodicals are published on the mission There was no native Christian min- fields. istry. Missionary work was not recognized Thousands of college students are on in American and British colleges. the mission field, and thousands are pre- There were no unmarried women mis- paring to go. sionaries, and no organized work for women. And yet to-day one billion people There were no mission presses or agen- are still ignorant of the Gospel of cies for preparing and distributing Chris- Jesus, the Christ, the Son of God and tian literature in non-Christian lands. Savior of the world.

1910 THE FULNESS OF TIME IN MISsiONS Practically every nation in the world No student of the march of events is open to missionaries. can fail to see that, in the providence of God, there are simultaneous signs All evangelical churches are interested of 'a present world-wide opportunity in mISSIOnS. To speak against missions for the Church. The pentecosts in is counted a disgrace, and a sign of ig- mission fields, the reform movements norance. in Asia and Africa, the opening of More than two million Protestant Christians have been gathered in heathen lands-besides all who have died in the faith. closed doors, the growing sympathy intelligent knowledge of Christ and with the missionary propaganda at His salvation.

nome and abroad, the active campaigns Dr. Zeller, director of the Statis- among students, young people and tical Bureau in Stuttgart, Germany, women and laymen and the vast in~ estimates that there are 1,544,510,000 crease of missionary literature point people in the world, of whom 534,940,~ to the fact that God's time to strike 000 are Roman, Greek and Protestant has come. Christians, 175,290,000 are Mohamme- Mr. John R. Mott calls attention to dans, 10,860,000 are Jews, and 823,- the present crisis, which he declares to 420,000 are heathens. Of these last, be unprecedented because of the stu~ 300,000,000 are Confucians, 214,000,- pendous changes of an educational, 000 are Brahmans, and 121,000,000 social, economic, moral and religious Buddhists, with other bodies of lesser character actually in progress in India, numbers. This means that, out of Turkey, Persia, China, Korea and every 1,000 of the earth's inhabitants, Japan. The predictions of five years 346 are nominal Christian, 114 are ago have been more than fulfilled. Mohammedan, 7 are Israelite, and The changes in Turkey are almost un~ 533 are of other religions.

believable; Persia's destiny will be How overwhelming these figures, determined in the next few years and and what a loud call they contain for Russia is still in the balance. In Af- prayer and effort. It is evident that rica, pagamsm is doomed and is al- the world is a long way from being ready dying. The contest is between converted, or even evangelized.

Islam and Christianity, fatalism with AN EXAMPLE IN LARGE GIVING the worship of the false prophet The will of John S. Kennedy, Esq., and liberty with the worship of of New York, who died on October 31, God as revealed in Christ. There is recalls a group of the most liberal also a rising tide of nationalism in benefactions that we ever remember South America and a desire to leave to have seen. The departed banker the superstition and formalism of gives half of his fortune of $60,000,- paganized Christianity for the light 000 to American charitable institu- and liberty of the Gospel. tions. To the Presbyterian Boards of There is a "fulness of time" as truly Foreign Missions, Home Missions, as there was in the day of Christ. Church Erection, Presbyterian Hos- God is evidently preparing the world pital, New York, he bequeaths each for a forward movement of the $2,500,ooo-the largest bequest to such Church and at the same time is pre- purposes on record. Then to the paring the Church for advance. Those Church extension work of New York who fail to join in the onward march Presbytery, Robert College, Constan- will be left outside at the Bridal Sup- tinople, and United Charities of New per of the King. York, each $5°0,000; and to the WHAT REMAINS TO BE DONE American Bible Society and Presby- terian Aid for Colleges, each $75°,000.

One-third of the people of the world These are only the major legacies and are nominally Christian, but in reality those to missionary and distinctly re- not more than one in thirty have an ligious institutions. Lesser amounts

OF THE TIMES

to similar purposes range from $10,000 ing-point," led to a sort of symposium to $100,000, with a most discreet in which bishops and prebendaries took and discriminating selection of the ob- part. All admit the decreased church- jects of his benefaction. going; and sevt;ral causes of decline Such an example of liberality seems were assigned, such as "the develop- to us to inaugurate a new era. When ment of locomotion," "love of pleas- before have three great mission so- ure," "irreverent handling of Scrip- cieties received an aggregate .sum of ture," "week-end excursions," "a nig- seven millions and a half? It imposes gardly spirit in rich churchgoers,"

a grave responsibility on these organi- and one party says that "the vocabu- zations to determine how such vast lary of the churches has become sound- sums shall be so disbursed as to avoid ing brass."

waste, and at the same time to escape Of the decrease in church attend- the worse error of promoting a lower ance, admitted by all, one cause, not standard of giving among Christians mentioned, may have more to do than at large. any or all of the others; namely, the THE CHANGING SENTIMENT decline in worship, in its Scriptural Sydney Smith sneered at the early sense. Some one says that "let us go advocates of missions as "apostates of into the house of the Lord" is now the anvil and the 100m" ; he put Carey changed to "let us go to Dr. -'s and his class in the pillory and then church," or "let us go and hear So- shot at them the arrows of a pitiless and-So," the thought of meeting mockery and ridicule. To-day, the God, and offering to Him worship in Church and the world as well do praise and prayer, and reverent hear- homage to the names and memories ing of His word, being almost lost in of the humble working men who left the seeking of entertainment in lis- their shoemaker's bench, weaver's tening to some human orator.

loom, blacksmith's forge, and shep- This is so common and prevalent herd's fold, as the primitive disciples that, in consequence, the elements of forsook their ships and nets and tax- worship proper, reduced practically to bench to undertake the world's evan- a minimum, are treated as unimportant gelization. Verily, the apostates of "preliminaries," performed too often the anvil and the 100m have become in a careless and slovenly fashion, as apostles of a new and grander era in something formal, to be got out of the world-wide mISSIons, and Sydney way. Two inevitable effects follow: Smith himself rather is in the pillory. first, the churchgoer becomes increas- When God turns the wheel, history ingly indifferent and insensible to the makes rapid revolutions, and the claims of divine worship as such, and Nemesis of Providence handles a morbidly bent on hearing some at- scourge of no small cords but of scor- tractive and eloquent speaker, and, pion tails. naturally, if he does not care for hear- IS CHRISTIAN FAITH LOSING ing the preacher that is available, GROUND? either stays away altogether or goes The remark of a clerical visitor con- as the caprice takes him. There is no cerning Christianity in Britain, that sense of obligation Godward.

"it is rapidly approaching the vanish- A second result follows: God Him-

self, dishonored by this loss of sensi- has churchgoing been considered as bility and conscientiousness as to His less imperative? Does not the one 'own rightful claims upon human fact imply and involve the other?

homage, withholds spiritual blessing Were there to-day a general revival and practically withdraws from such of the sense of God's presence in the assemblies as do gather that manifes- assembly, and a hearty return to the tation of His presence which is the worship of the Lord, with a desire and highest charm and power of church determination that it should be in the life, and the only attraction that per- beauty of holiness; were there once manently proves effective. more an exaltation of worship to its It would not be surprizing if this true place as the grand end of meeting were not one cause only, but the main together on the Lord's day, man's cause, of declension in churchgoing. pursuit of worldly pleasure on that So long as proper stress is laid on the day would gradually give place to a worship of God, and this is constantly returning sense of obligation to render uplifted as the grand purpose and ob- unto the Lord the glory due unto His ject of the Christian assembly, the at- name. Let the conscience once again.

tendant becomes more and more a awake, and motoring and cycling, worshiper, and learns to think of wor- golfing and baseball, Sunday travel ship as foremost, and man's utterances and excursions, social visiting and all subordinate. The sense of God is not similar invasions of sacred time, would lost and the sense of duty is not sac- have a new and counteractive restraint rificed. Both preacher and hearer are in a growing and wholesome reverence much the better for thus magnifying for spiritual things. But while the the divine element and minifying the present drift continues, there is no human; and the more God is honored hope of a reform, further downward by a worshiping assembly, the more decline is inevitable, and the question He honors and blesses the worshipers. is one which demands prompt and Another kindred result follows: prayerful attention.

"The Beauty of Holiness"-the only beauty of which God is jealous in WHAT GOD IS DOING IN AFRICA worship is increasingly cultivated; the Fifty years ago Missionary Krapf beauty of architecture and art, music was ridiculed because he dared to talk and eloquence, furniture and garniture, of a chain of mission stations ex- does not engross the mind and dis- tending through Central Africa from place that higher beauty which alone the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean. To- makes the sanctuary permanently at- day the chain exists.

tractive, as a reflection of Heaven A little more than fifty years ago upon earth. David Livingstone was laboring in We are slow to learn that all de- Central Africa with very slight re- partures from a divine pattern react sults, and little encouragement. To- to the degeneration of church life and day the Livingstone Mission holds a the decline of church power. Never, convention attended by several thou- in modern times, has worship been so sand Christian natives who camped in little treated as important. Is it not booths erected in the woods. A few inevitable that in consequence never months ago more than 300 were re-·

19IO] SIGNS OF THE TIMES

ceived into the Church in a single day outskirts of the crowd could be heard and 7,000 were present at one service, over all the gathering, and had to be and twenty-four native teachers removed by its mother to the trees in offered themselves as missionaries. the distance. During the service 1,100 Thirty years ago Uganda was a catechumens took their vows and sang heathen state where cruelty reigned their hymn of consecration, creating supreme. To-day 360,000 of its in- a profound impression upon the gath- habitants, more than one-half of its ered throng. The whole convention population, are Christians. Not long was a mighty demonstration of the ago Dahomey and Ashantiland were triumph of the Gospel and of the won- full of bloodshed and murder. To- derful changes wrought by it in Af- day the message of peace in Christ rica, the land of vast opportunity.

Jesus has penetrated even their gloom THE KONGO QUESTION and hundreds are faithful Christians. With the death of Leopold, King During the first week of June, 1909, of Belgium, on December r6, it the South Africa Dutch Reformed Mission held its annual convention at is hoped that the Kongo question Loudon, in the Angoni hills, west of will be satisfactorily settled. The Lake Nyassa, and immense congrega- verdict of Sir Edward Grey has tions gathered, so that on Sabbath been endorsed by Earl Percy and apmorning over 8,000 were present. proved by the House of Commons. In Nearly 2,000 men and"women applied the Berlin Treaty of 1885, Britain unfor baptism or for entrance to the dertook "to watch over the preservacatechumenate, and they were only tion of the native races and the amethose who had already been examined lioration of the moral and material and passed by the committee of fifty condition of their existence." The elders. More than a score of out- reforms demanded by Sir Edward schools were shut off, because a week Grey are only the minimum of what before the convention the government is essential, but diplomacy has failed applied the sleeping-sickness regula- to secure them, and the Belgian Govtions and declared Angoniland a closed ernment has proved as elusive and country. The many who were already evasive as King Leopold. Despite on their way from the distant villages smooth words, the evils in question reof the Loangwa plain had to be turned main unchecked. The Belgian Coloback. On Saturday 683 heathen nial Minister returned from a tour of adults and children were baptized, and inspection on the Kongo, to laud the it took four hours to complete the achievements of the administration service. On Sabbath 1,176 commu- and flatly deny the existence of the nicants sat down at the Lord's table, alleged abuses! The only "reform"

and at the great public service which of any consequence is a proposal to followed the communion service and throw open to all traders a district of was held in the open air a mass of country not hitherto appropriated to more than 8,000 crowded closely to- any of the privileged companies; but gether (see frontispiece). So rapt for the robbery, enslavement and op- was the attention and so quiet were pression of the natives there is no the hearers, that a baby crying on the promise of redress.

On November 19, a great represent- against consecration of children to ative meeting was held in Albert Hall, lives within the precincts of the tem- London, to appeal to the conscience of ples, which seemed to be considered the nation and of the world not to almost equivalent to lives of immoralabandon the native peoples of the ity, were earnestly urged. Kongo to the tender mercies of the present Belgian administration. CHANGES IN ISLAM Out of all these appeals, by tongue Prof. George Adam Smith exand pen, through the literature of fact presses his belief that the recent liband fiction, hope begins to emerge. eralizing movement in the Moslem What Sir Conan Doyle calls "the countries of the near East means "a greatest crime in the history of the change of the whole atmosphere in world" seems about to be at least re- which Islam has lived and flourished strained, if not stopt. The new Bel- for centuries." This new atmosphere gian King can not disregard the voice is the great opportunity of Christianof outraged humanity. Albert, if not ity-the greatest opportunity which as able as his late uncle, is younger, has ever opened to it in the East since and it is hoped will prove vastly more Carey and his followers began work moral and unselfish as a man and under the Danish flag in Bengal. Are ruler. In his Guildhall speech lately, we ready for such an opening and the prime minister of England spoke such a call? "Shall we be true to our words of assurance that the end of belief that God is in Christ reconthis long history of outrage is at hand. ciling the world unto Himself; that in Let us pray that it may be. Christ's teaching we have a fuller, richer knowledge of God, His nature THE AWAKENING OF INDIA and His purposes for men than Jew, Mohammedan or Buddhist possest?" How much Christian ideas and thought are commencing to permeate One of the great contrasts between the moral consciousness of the people Mohammedan and non-Mohammedan in India, in spite of the earnest efforts lands has, heretofore, been in the stress of the native leaders to hinder it, is laid upon the importance of a liberal remarkable. A social conference was education and the lack of opportunities held in Madras a short time ago, ac- for women in Moslem countries. With cording to the annual report of the the new constitution in Turkey has Leipsic Missionary Society. It was come a complete change, so that it is well attended by Indian women of the possible to-day for a Turkish woman higher classes, and the subjects dis- not only to go to college, but with the cust were of a wide range. The abo- help of the government. When the lition of caste was proposed and edu- American College for Girls at Constancation of women was demanded. Re- tinople began its new school year, marrying of widows and reform of among the thirty Turkish students enthe system of marriage, especially con- rolled were five whose entire expenses cerning the age of the marrying par- are paid by the government, which deties (men to be allowed to marry at mands nothing in return but a pledge eighteen, girls at twelve) , were greatly that they will become teachers for five favored, and precautionary laws years after their graduation. Truly, a new day has dawned in Turkey.

A HALF-CENTURY OF PRAYER, WITH SIGNS

BY THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF In November, 1858, a little over Spain imprisoned a man for daring to fifty years ago, a notable call sell a Bible, or preach the Gospel.

to united prayer in behalf of France was practically infidel, and the world was issued by the Germany permeated with rationalism; Lodiana Mission, in India. This ap- and, over a large part of the mission peal made such an impression or.. the field, the doors were shut and locked Church at large that it led to the by a more or less rigid exclusion and setting apart of the first week of J anu- caste system. Now the changes, on ary, of the following year, for that every side, are so remarkable and purpose; and, tho somewhat modi- so radical that, to one who should fied in observance by the adoption of suddenly come out of this middle a more general and comprehensive period of the last century, or wake program, the annual "Week of from another Rip Van Winkle sleep, Prayer" in January is still kept the world would be unrecognizable.

throughout Christendom, the subjects He who holds the keys of the two- for each day being recommended by leaved gates has been unlocking them, the Evangelical Alliance. opening up all lands to the Messenger Of those who sent forth this call of the Cross. Even in the Eternal to prayer, only one or two survive; City, where, a half-century ago, a but it would be impossible to measure, visitor had to leave his Bible outside or even gather up, the fruit of this the walls, there are Protestant chapels seed-sowing of faith. The Hearer of by the score, and a free circulation of Prayer, who inspired the invitation, the Scriptures.

has crowned it with blessing. It It is a curious coincidence, full of everywhere met a cordial response; it deep significance, that, in 1747, about awoke the Church to new life and one hundred and ten years previous, zeal; and so remarkable and world- Jonathan Edwards had sent out his wide have been the results of this famous Call to Prayer, to which can prayer union, that since this new con- be traced all that marvelous spiritual cert of supplication began to be ob- awakening which marked the whole served, not one nation has remained latter half of the eighteenth century, untouched in its religious life and his- and gave rise to the modern mission- tory; the whole face of the world has ary revival. And it will greatly en- been changed, if not its heart. A courage every devout praying soul to half-century ago, China and Man- cast a glance over the equally marvel- c!luria, Japan and Korea, Turkey and ous results of the Lodiana call. We Arabia, and even the vast continent of reprint in full the original document: Africa, were sleeping-hermit nations, An invitation to prayer, addrest to the locked in the cell of long seclusion and Church of Christ throughout the world; exclusion. Central Asia was com- being an extract from the minutes of the paratively unexplored, as was Central twenty-third annual meeting of the Lo- Africa. In many lands, Satan's long diana Mission: occupation was undisputed and his empire unmolested. Papal countries Whereas our spirits have been greatly were as intolerant as pagan; Italy and refreshed by what we have heard of the Lord's dealings with His people ill America, therefore,

Resolved, First, that we hereby pub- hensive view of those colossal changes licly acknowledge the debt of gratitude which led Mr. Gladstone to remark we owe to Him, and our obligations to that, within a single decade of years, live more than ever, not unto ourselves, there had been more progress in some but unto Him who died for us. directions than during all the ages preceding. This progress it is im- And in view of our own spiritual ne- possible to realize, or even recognize, cessities, and of the wants of the perish- until some leading events are mar- ing millions about us, and in the hope shaled in line, afid seen in their mutual of obtaining similar blessings for this connection, succession, relation. At- land. tempts have been made to frame a chronological table of the main de- Resolved, Second, that we will do our velopments in the missionary field, in best to get union meetings for prayer order to get a view of the links in this for the outpouring of the Spirit, estab- chain of events.* But so many items lished at our respective stations, and also deserve record that any such attempt at other stations wherever we may find must be, at best, only a partial suc- two or three willing to meet together in cess. One table we have consulted the name of Christ. does not even mention this Lodiana appeal, which belongs in the forefront And, further, being convinced from the of such modern events, and it is not signs of the times that God has still unlikely that in our present attempt large blessings in store for His people, at a comprehensive survey, we may and f,gr our ruined race, and that He overlook what some may see as prom- now seems to be ready and waiting to inent peaks in the historic horizon. bestow them as soon as asked, therefore But even a hasty look over this broad landscape of the half-century must Resolved, Third, that we appoint the impress one with the amazing answers second week in January, 1860, beginning to the prayer implied and suggested with Monday the 8th, as a time of special in this circular-letter of fifty years prayer that God would now pour out His ago. At least two hundred and fifty Spirit upon all flesh, so that all the ends of the most memorable advances of of the earth might see His salvation; the missionary host, and of the na- that on the first day, that is, on Monday, tions whose evangelization has been the 8th, be a holy convocation for solemn undertaken, belong to the five decades fasting, humiliation and prayer, and that since the Lodiana letter was pub- on the fast day-that is, Sabbath, the lished to the world. For example, the 14th-be a holy convocation for thanks- very year of the appeal, 1858, was , giving and praise; that the intervening memorable for tha downfall of the time be spent in private and social exer- East India Company, so long a prac- cises of prayer and praise as the cir- tical barrier to missions; for the lay- cumstances of each community may dic- ing of the first ocean cable, that living tate; that all God's people, of every name ligature between transatlantic mem- and nation, of every continent and island, bers of the world's organism; it had be cordially and earnestly invited to unite with us in a similar observance of * Compare "Missionary Annals of the Nineteenth that time; and that from the receipt of this invitation, onward, all be requested Century," D. L. Leonard. in their secret, family and public devo- tions, habitually to entreat the Lord to pour out upon all His people so much of the spirit of grace and supplication as to prepare them for such an observance of the time designated as may meet with His approval and secure His blessing.

Lodiana, November 29th, 1858.

By a rapid glance over this past half-century, we may get a compre- This table includes only Missions to non-Christian and non-Protestant peoples, and so omits work done in non-Papal Europe, while covering that in behalf of Indians, Chinese, and Japanese in the Unit~d States. The figures are derived almost wholly from annual reports, and relate in the main to 1909, tho sometimes the year includes a part of 1908. The aim has been to leave the fewest possible blanks, and hence where the latest official figures were not at hand, conservative estimates have been made, based upo~ former reports.- REV. D. L. LEONARD, D.D.

• NAKEa OF SOCIBTIEI 1 Foreign Countries In Which Missions Are Sustained, and Number of Mi.sions (Abbreviated) en American Board ……………. . 1810 $947,163 $262.764 581 170 186 193 1,130 263 4,564 5,694 1,502 73,671 5,914 132,119 1,483 70,979 S. A~rica, Turkey, India, China, Japan, Micro- Baptist Missionary Union …….. . 1814 1,151,354 8,065 250,000 1,819 'nessa, Mex., Spain, Austria, Philippines (20). Southern Baptist Convention •.••.. 1845 133,590 232 23 238 144 637 340 4,980 5,617 2,777 147,053 2,905 Free Baptistl ……………… . 1833 460,798 35,000 182 55,253 Bur~ Ind!~, ~hina, Japan, Afnca, France, 34,658 40,288 95 9 95 32 231 98 375 606 608 16,596 166 2,375 103 ~patn, PhilipplOes (14).

1,368 9 o 9 9 27 10 109 130 18 1,368 4,596 ChlOa, Japan, Africa, Italy, Mexico, Brazil, Cuba (7).

4,615 India (Southern Bengal), Africa (2).

Nltional Baptist Convention •••••. 1880 23,537 1,000 52 83 104 24 263 47 130 393 40 8,074 300 20,000 35 1)00 Africa, West and East, Welt Indies, South Seventh·Day Baptists ••••••.•••.. 1842 12,000 2,000 3 1 3 2 9 1 14 23 3 120 6 300 America. 6 200 China (1.) Christian (Disciples of Christ) .••. 1875 450,106 54,829 62 82 70 67 281 170 815 1,096 280 16,393 2,537 47,000 113 7,017 Chi!,a, India. Japan, Turkey, Africa, Philip- 15,218 pmes (6). Christian Convention •••….••••. 1.,886 642 8 o 6 2 16 7 25 41 40 913 95 2,000 2 270,998 13 Japan (Tokyo, etc.) (1). Christian and Missionary Alliance.. 1897 708,928 7,700 70 50 90 86 296 30 350 646 103 4,070 594 9,500 95 4,350 W. Cen~ral Afric~, India, China, Japan, South Protestant Episcopal •••••••••••. · 1835 82,000 Society of Friends ………….. · 1871 30,474 89,771 75 50 59 77 261 147 75~ 1,020 391 12,303 1,643 28,000 207 Amenca, PalestlOe, etc. (8). Evanrellcal Association ••.••.••••. 1876 7,928 Africa, China, Japan, Haiti, Mexico, Alaska Lutheran, General Council ••••••• ,. 1869 34,167 9,583 34 10 24 35 103 10 195 298 87 4,166 360 9,000 40 Lutheran, General Synod .••••••. ,. 1837 85,300 (6). 1,185 7 o7 8 22 24 48 70 27 995 111 2,700 3 1,834 MeXICO, Alaska, Jamaica, India, China, Japan, 1,220 9 o 8 7 24 2 327 351 278 7,521 1,000 14,919 188 Cuba. Armenia, Palestine (8). 25 Japan. 19,000 16 o 8 15 39 2 644 683 520 13,500 218 45,000 301 5,598 India (Madras), Porto Rico (2). 8,511 India (Madras), West Africa (2).

United Norwegian …………… ,. 1895 65,187 315 16 3 17 12 48 7 101 149 100 866 299 1,540 11 463 Madagascar, China (2).

Five Norwegian Synods .•…•.•. ,. 63,501 2,130 20 57 14 10 101 12 456 557 135 3,309 900 15,590 61 1,515 Methodist Episcopal•••••••••.••. ,. 1819 2,019,084 19,000 314 58 311 345 1,028 619 8,391 9,419 1,013 247,859' 17,157 165,000 2,318 74,343 China, Korea, Japan, India, Africa, Bulgaria, Methodist Episcopal, South ……. , 1846 831,998 70,362 115 Mexico, Soudi America, Pnilippines (22). African Methodist Episcopal. …. ,. 1847 15,480 48,949 101 8 91 108 308 90 689 997 526 23,454 2,430 10,000 13 9,572 China, Korea, Japan, Mexico, Brazil, Cuba (6). 4,500 5 9 7 o 21 11 68 89 84 2,597 214 750 Africa. West Indies, South America (4).

Free Methodist…………….. ". 1882 53,209 I910 20 10 28 23 81 1 90 171 92 1,004 326 1,034 26 1,232 Africa, India, China, Japan (4). Methodist Protestant ••.•••.••••••,. 1888 24,630 8 2 410 Japan (Yokohama) (1). 990 4 o4 o 8 20 28 22 790 210 2,500 Presbyterian ……………….. ,. 1837 1,487,160 342,483 299 98 327 212 946 263 3,442 4,388 1,927 76,801 14,409 150,000 1,446 101,756 India,. Siam, China, Japan, Korea, W. Africa, Presbyterian, South………….. ,. 1861 412,156 Reformed Presbyterian •••••••••• ,. 1836 36,904 23,260 85 40 86 69 280 12 193 472 453 12,317 2,219 29,000 46 SyrIa, Persia, Spanish Am., Philippines (25). 3,790 China, • Korea, Japan, Africa, Italy, Mexico, BraZIl, Cuba (8). 1,500 14 1 12 7 34 1 53 87 16 458 49 1,200 17 966 Asia Minor, Syna, Cyprus, China (4).

Ulited Presbyterian ………….. ,. 1859 340,935 191,210 44 16 52 65 177 77 1,300 1,477 634 27,662 2,860 67,365 386 27,677 India (Panjab), Egypt, Eastern Sudan (3).

Reformed (Dutch) •••••….••••• ,. 1832 205,373 10,443 32 10 32 37 111 40 72~ 839 314 5,301 308 16,000 223 9,486 India, China, Japan, Arabia (4).

Refo.rmed (German) .•••••..•.••• ,. 1878 95,000 6,840 18 2 18 12 50 13 7~ 128 50 2,250 87 5,000 7 640 Japan (Tokyo, Sendai, etc.), China (2). German Evangelical Synod .•••.•. ,. 1867 28,419 1,137 8 1 5 2 16 o 55, 71 51 1,894 130 3,181 42 1,675 India (Central Provinces) (1).

United Brethren in ·Christ …….. , • 1853 100,459 7,457 23 2 20 10 55 17 12~ 179 190 3,253 874 10,643 31 1,478 West Africa, Japan, Porto Rico, China, Philip. Canada Baptist ……………… ,. 1873 87,313 pines (5). 2,200 27 o 22 43 82 8 22Q 502 184 6,738 671 12,152 136 3,128 India (Telugus), Bolivia, (2).

Canada Methodist…………….. 1872 356,210 8,290 72 16 77 43 209 13 150 359 174 6,230 572 14,000 58 2,630 Japan (Tokio), China, American Indiana (3).

'.

Canada Presbyterian ••••••.•.••. ,. 1844 233,272 14,138 72 23 76 68 239 10 38~ 624 235 7,809 976 15,000 189 12,914 China, India, New Hebrides, West Indies, For.

Other American Societies……… ,. …… 554,396 64,616 203 96 164 81 544 63 59? 1,143 270 32,241 2,360 57,000 245 10,094 mosa, Korea, American Indians (7).

– – · 1 – – – – · · – – – – – 1 – – – – – – – – – –.– – – . ~. – – . – – —–·—–1——-1——·1——- Totals for America ………… ,. …… 1,317,405 1,375,308 2,630 928 2,270 1,848 7,677 2,416 30,47~ 38,347 13,144 769,576 70,992 1,244,480 9,949 437,138 —:—–1——1—· – – – – – – — — —- — — Totals for America………….. 1908 1 10,061,433 1,623,562 2,086 624 2,169 1,754 6,611 2,216 29,11~ 35,704 12,852 736,978 87,075 1,155,789 9,315 360,233 —–1— –. – – – – —- — —- — — 1—–1—- —–1—- Baptist Society (England)……… 1792 452,945 35,670 167 30 120 11 328 58 571 905 1,119 20,319 1,392 ~.: 60,000 185 20,302 India, China. Palestine, Central Africa, West London Society (L. M. S.)…….. 1795 790,555 Inaies (8). 203,860 167 46 179 82 474 971 6,865 7,339 1,730 84,826 1,920 295,530 1,677 80,477 China, India, Africa, Madagascar, Polynesia (9).

Church Society (c. M. S.)…….. 1799 1,938,355 219,360 414 152 386 438 1,390 394 8,394 9,784 2,715 99,680 4,820 351,320 2,556 151,777 Persia, Palestine, China, ,Japan, India, Africa, Propagation Society (S. P. G.)….. 1701 1,023,330 57,240 4,216 248,000 640 North America, Austral.., etc. (30). Universities' Mission………….. 1858 247,330 656 50 380 200 1,286 222 1,640 2,926 1,624 135 200,420 4,890 685 15,000 45,620 India, China, Japan, Malaysia, Africa, West 3,565 32 30 0 59 121 22 263 384 93 Indiee, -. (32).

8,160 Africa (Lake Nyasa and Zanzibar) (2).

South American Society……….. 1844 82,125 102,315 14 17 20 22 73 0 95 168 58 780 0 1,890 21 875 South America (3).

Society of Friends. ………. ….. 1866 167,050 21,320 37 5 34 26 102 460 1,219 1,321 264 3,123 356 14,168 138 7,012 Palestine, India, China, Natal, Madagascar (4).

Wesleyan Methodist Society.. …… 1813 821,570 1,014,560 307 13 166 11 497 305 4,704 5,201 3,284 116,494 4,925 491,011 1,671 112,204 IndIniaalieCs,hIintaaIy,ASfrpiacian (West and South), West (29). 44,210 7,650 20 0 17 2 39 4 26 65 53 2,500 250 4,000 20 700 Africa (1). Primitive Methodist••••.••…….. , 1870 United Methodists (Free)……… 1857 77,590 6,685 48 2 40 8, 98 15 655 753 580 18,464 2,121 39,358 22 1,651 China, East and West Africa, Jamaica (4).

Presbyterian Church of England …. 1847 191,390 22,500 28 19 31 34 112 44 440 554 326 10,098 945 50,000 100 4,500 India, China, Malaysia, Formosa, Syria (5).

Welsh Calvinistic……………… 1840 91,705 11,306 16 0 15 7 38 22 480 518 486 9,258 634 29,277 415 9,158 N. E. India, Assam, France (Brittany) (2).

China Inland Mission ………….. , 1865 406,102 14,457 79 287 250 292 908 15 1,167 2,075 1,001 20,993 2,540 83,972 216 4,076 China (Eighteen Provinces) (18).

Established Church of Scotland…. 1829 264,340 53,320 29 26 32 61 157 14 585 742 230 5,653 776 18,000 290 14,730 India, East Central Africa, Palestine, China United Free Church••••••••••••••• I 1843 661,850 47,211 2,483 27,302 1,672 (4). Prelbyterian Church of Ireland….. I 1840 105,765 481,345 145 63 148 126 482 54 4,205 4,687 1,545 1,249 16,250 3,100 204 95,118 India, Africa, Arabia, Palestine New Heb· 16,380 26 11 23 13 73 9 689 762 205 rides, Manchuria, Japan, West Indies (12).

6,485 China, India (Gujerat), Syria (3).

I Other British Societies •..•••••…. 1,······ 2,265,351 209,150 333 996 887 863 3,079 70 6,800 9,879 1,472 102,150 3,100 155,000 687 41,830 Total Britiah Societies •••••••..• I!~ 9,584.653 1–2-,6-7-0-,7-7-3-1–2-,5-1-8 -1-,-74-7- -2-,-72-8- -2-,2-5-5- —9-,2-5-7- –2-,6-7-9' -3-8-,8-0-4' -4-8-,0-6-3' -1-6-,7-8-5 -6-06-,2-3-9' -3-2,-4-12- 1–1,-90-0-,0-7-8-1–1-0-,6-4-9-1—60-4-,-67-5 1 – – 1 – – – – 1 1 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – -~— – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – . Totals for British Societies …… I 1908 9,265,447 2,452,320 2,061 1,736 2,433 2,087 8,328 1,915 46,359 54,827 15,016 604,227 37,842 1,364,326 10,229 567,723 1 Basel Society …………………… 11 1815 417,072 1 – – -7-5-,4-18- -1-5-3' –7-1. -1-38- –24- –3-8-6' –60- –1-,5-8-4' -1-,9-70- –72-2 32,863 2,769 59,158 –6-5-7'1—- -,7-02 South India, China, West Africa (3). 32 Berlin Society………………. 1824 225,861 67,182 118 16 107 27 268 23 982 1,250 508 31,369 1,720 52,016 686 12,350 Africa (East and South), Chinl (3).

Breklum (Schleswig·Holstein)…… 1877 51,207 942 17 0 12 0 29 0 99 128 112 1,372 340 6,500 78 1,570 India (Telugus) (1).

Gossner'a Society……………… 1836 81,315 4,622 46 6 37 5 94 37 978 1,072 519 27,673 1,896 . 90,240 194 7,230 India (Ganges, Chota Nag'pore) (1).

Hermannsburg Society…………. 1849 120,150 21,300 65 2 64 4 135 5 518 653 160 39,315 925 74,000 191 9,720 India, South Africa, Persia (3).

Leipsic Society……………….. 1836 123,435 13,490 59 10 52 16 137 18 225 362 325 9,897 219 20,274 349 14,745 South India, Burma, British and German East Africa (4). I ndia (Lad ak), S outh A f Er isckail mAo,usItnrdaliiaan, South Moravian Church……………… 1732 208,450 175,200 156 38 177 14 385 , 35 489 876 1,016 33,079 1,708 102,381 305 26,884 America, We st Indies, . (9).

North German Society…………. 1836 45,494 8,230 16 2 10 7 35 2 63 98 141 3,480 430 15,200 141 5,162 West Africa (Slave Coast) (1).

Rhenish Society (Barmen)…….. 1828 265,140 31,615 171 23 169 25 388 38 2,694 2,898 611 63,562 5,872 137,232 654 34,745 Africa, Borneo, Sumatra, New Guinea, China 285 557 (5).

—zos Other German Societies………… …… 322,840 P 80 272 13. 7,917 9,864- 8,172 721 15,700 118 4,913 31,420 110 45 140 –s:!6 ·167'["2.i31~· Total German Societiel•••••••••• -..-..-.-. 1,869,964 '1—42-9-,4-1-9-1–9-1-1 4,254 -2-50-,7-8-£ -1-6-,6-00– –57-2-,7-0-1-1–3-,3-7-3-1—1-50-,-02-1 Totals for German Societies•••… =~19~0~8=:==1=,=65=0='2=5=0=:::====4=I=l'=73=3=-I–9-2-2 238 862 167 1– 2,341 223 8,094. 10,413 4,693 1_2_4_2_,2_8_9_1_-_-2=4=,1=6=8:1~~-5_-5_7~,-3_-1_4~-:_-~~-3_-,_1-6__-5 __1_4_6,_8~ Paris Society……… .. . .. .. .. .. .. 1822 150,000 45,000 57 26 78 19 180 84 1,680 1,860 900 32,250 620 75,042 500 25,300 Africa (South, East and West), Tahiti, Mad· Swiss Romande…… ………. …. 1875 62,803 agasear (5).

9,640 22 7 21 20 70 0 85 155 77 2,118 180 3,860 86 2,716 East Africa (1).

Netherlands Societies………….. .. … . 140,130 21,250 110 36 80 49 275 10 284 559 138 8,264 590 15,500 115 4,790 Scandinavian Societies…………. .. .. .. 485,650 60,870 179 30 183 68 460 121 2,240 2,700 1,245 55,870 1,846 105,000 1,327 86,250 Australasian Methodist Society….. 1855 101,000 46,460 31 6 27 18 82 98 5,306 5,388 1,776 40,621 2,251 150,000 1,358 30,705 Fiji, Samoa, New Britain, New Guinea (5). I 5,615 332,243 9,650 Asia, Africa, The Islanda, etc •••••• :.::.:.:.: 910,470 200,885 573 275 600 266 1,714 290 6,480 8,194 800,000 1,833 72,400 I~~~~~~~~————-:"-':-:~-~;-r ———~——I————————~- TOTALS FOR CHRISTENDOM _,,_._,,_. $24,613,075 Totals for 1908………………….. $22,846,465 $4,859,605 7,031 3,260 6,833 4,710 I 21,834 5,929 93,272 115,130 43,934 2,097,963 135,141 4,866,661 29,190 1,413,995 1 28,164 1,290,582 $4,843,814 5,995 2,956 -:::- 19,875 4,999' 98,955' 118,901' 41,563 2,056,173 -16-4-,6-7-4- -4-,-28-5-,1-9-9 Totals for 1905 ………………_ …_ .. $_19,661,885 1-$-3-,5-1-6,-01-5-1–5,-9-05- 2,567 5,061 4,3061–i7,839 4,353 89,335 107,174 31,451 1,754,18£ 143,193 4,072,088 -2-7-,8-3-5'1–1-,2-4-6,-1-27 '3.422'r16.21s Totals for 1900…………….. ':'::":::1$15,479,575. $1,833,961 4,738 3,409 4,650 5,263 62,366 78,585 25,108 1,369.42S' 94,562 3,556,140 20,196 1,035,724 Totals for 1895………….. .. …. $13,620,972 1-$-1-,5-4-5,-00-0"'1-4–,0-28- 1,477 3,682 2,578 1–11,765 4,295 55,118 66,883 22,631 995,793 63,081 2,770,801 19,384 786,002 • Including probationers.

A HALF-CENTURY OF PRAYER

been a year of religious revival, so versities Mission to Central Africa, extensive as to prepare the way for a Netherlands Dutch Reformed, Renew missionary advance, and to im- formed Presbyterian, Utrecht, and part new impetus to the work of or- Finland societies were formed that ganization and occupation; memorable very year; from 1860 to 1862, the also for the going forth of that Christian Reformed, Woman's Union, apostle to the New Hebrides, John G. Strict Baptist, Southern Presbyterian; Paton. The Lord had begun to and, in 1865, the Canada Baptist, answer even before His people called, Paris Missionary Society, and, above according to His promise (Isa. all, the China Inland Mission. Then 65: 24). followed the English Baptist Women in 1867, the American Congrega- Progress Round the World tionalist Women in 1868, the Lutheran General Council in 1869, the Primitive From the beginning of this new Methodists and Presbyterian Women's concert of prayer in 1859, the progress Board (U. S. A.) in 1870; the United all around the world was at a more Original Secession Church, and Episrapid and regular pace. copal Women's, and Baptist Women's Boards (U. S. A.) in 1871; the East I. For example, in the direction of London Institute, 1872; the Irish exploration. That was the year when Presbyterian 'Women's, and Free Bap- Livingstone discovered Lake Nyassa, tist Women's, in 1873; the Swissand, in the next, Speke and Grant French Churches', the Mission to reached Victoria Nyanza from the Lepers, African Methodist Women's, Nile. Between 1864 and 1867 Rohlfs and Friends' Syrian Mission, in 1874; had crossed the Sahara to Lake Chad, in 1875, the Women's Board of Disand between 1866 and 1873 Living- ciples, Reformed Dutch Women's, stone, the missionary general and United ~rethren's Vomen's, Assostatesman, had come to "the end of ciate Reformed Synod's Women's, the geographical feat" which, as he and Disciples'; and Cumberland Presforesaw, would be "the beginning of byterian and Breklum Societies in the true missionary crusade." In 1876. Six more women's societies 1875, Cameron crossed Africa, and fell into the ranks from 1877 to 1880, Stanley pressing on to Uganda, met including the Church of England King Mtesa, and issued his famous ap- Zenana Mission; and, in 1881, the peal in the London Daily Telegraph; Christian Endeavor Society began its and, in 1877, he reached the mouth marvelous career, branching out and of the Kongo, after crossing the con- taking new root like a gigantic banyantinent. Since then the work of ex- tree, until it has now overspread the ploration has gone on, till we are be- whole earth. From 1881 to 1885, coming familiar with inland Africa twelve more societies were formed; and China, Japan and Korea, Arabia and 1886 is memorable for another of and even Tibet, and now, at last, even the greatest movements of modern the land of eternal ice has been pene- times, that of the Student Volunteers. trated and the North Pole discovered! To follow these remarkable steps 2. There has been, since 1859, rapid and stages of advance, year by year, progress in missionary organization. The Methodist New Connection, Uni-

would require a volume. It must Japan and Korea; or large districts, suffice to record the amazing fact like Uganda, or populous centers like that, within a half-century after that Cairo and Paris. How important Lodiana letter, we trace the formation some of these movements were,' not of at least eighty-five missionary or- mentioned in detail, is evident from ganizations, large and small, some of the fact that among them were the which now stand out as mountain founding of the Blantyre Mission by peaks in the historic landscape. the Church of Scotland, Coillard's 3. The new missionary occupation work on the Upper Zambesi, and the next claims notice. New countries Presbyterian entrance into Korea by were entered and stations planted. the magic key of medical missions.

For example, in 1859, Japan was en- 4. In the providential administra- tered by the Episcopalians, Reformed tion of affairs may we not trace Dutch and Presbyterians; Brazil by another sign following prayer. The the Presbyterians, and China by the Hearer of Prayer is the governor of Methodist New Connection. In 1860, nations and the ruler of history. The the Baptists also began work in the notable events of this half-century Sunrise Kingdom, and, in 1861, the now under review have some of them Swedish and United Methodist Free been revolutionary, and not only af- Churches in East Africa. In 1862, fected the destiny of nations but the the Universities Mission began in history of missions.

Zanzibar, the Rhenish Society in Su- The remarkable career of Garibaldi matra, and Mary Whately in Egypt. (1860-67) laid the corner-stone of Within three years more, four more Free Italy and broke down the ex- societies had been planted in China, clusive walls of the Vatican. The India and Madagascar, and in 1867 War for the American Union (1861- the Laos Mission of the American 65) knocked the fetters from four Presbyterians began; 186g, which million slaves; the emancipation of completed the first decade, was a the Russian serfs in r861 inaugurated great year of advance-the American a new era in the Empire of the North; Board and Church Missionary Society the cessation of persecution in Mada- in Japan, the Canada Presbyterians in gascar, the same year, closed the Trinidad, the Irish Presbyterians in record of twenty-five years of blood Manchuria, and Clara Swain in India. and fire, horror and terror, and pre- From 1870 to 1872 ten more new oc- pared for the wholesale destruction of cupations took place, prominent among idols eight years later. Brazil, in 1871, them the Canada Presbyterian advance witnessed the end of slavery; and upon Formosa, Gilmour's upon Mon- Stanley's discovery and recovery of golia, and McAIl's daring mission in the great hero of Blantyre, which led Belleville. to his own conversion and opened a Again, brevity compels a resort to new era in African missions. In 1872, a summary. During the half-century the arrival of the Japanese embassy in no less than seventy-five new mis- 'Washington proved another critical sions have been started, counting only and pivotal event in the history not those on a larger scale, as when new only of Japan but of the whole Orient, countries have been entered, like if not the whole world; and that same

A HALF-CENTURY OF PRAYER

year was marked by the organization from 1907; the deposition of Sultan of the first native church in Japan, as Abdul Hamid and of the Persian the year following was by the removal Shah, from 1909. And these are only of the "Edict Board." a part of the events that stud the firmament of this half-century like The Kongo Free State was con- constellations of stars, some of them stituted by the conference of sixteen of the first magnitude. nations in 1885; nine years later, the Chinese-Japanese War was waged, The conventions and conferences of which opened the door to reform in this period merit separate considerathe Middle Kingdom. In 1896, the tion-great gatherings for philanfirst rails were spiked for the Uganda thropic and missionary ends. De- Railway, Africa's new bond of union cennial conferences in India began at and artery of life; in 1898, the Span- Allahabad in 1872, and continued at ish-American War, with its incalcula- Calcutta and Bombay; the Missionary ble outcome of possible good; the Conference in Shanghai in 1890; the same year the capture of Khartum by Student Volunteer rallies since that the British, the completion of the natal year, 1886; the World's Mis- Kongo Railway, and the Uganda re- sionary Conferences at Liverpool, in bellion opened the way to new civil 1860; London in 1888; New York in liberty and gospel victory; and, the 1900; the Peace Conferences at The year later, the British South African Hague, 1899 and 1902; the Y. M. C. War, the completion of the Nile Rail- A. World Conventions, since 1854; way to Khartum, etc. the great assemblies of the Y. P. S. C. E.; of the Evangelical Alliance, the Some events of this half-century W orId's Sunday-school delegations, have been referred to as revolutionary. the Laymen's movement; and, beside Who is sagacious enough to forecast all these, the annual conventions for the results of the Burlingame Treaty Bible Study and the Spiritual Life with China in 1868, the political up- at Mildmay and Keswick in England, heaval in Japan, and the opening of and at Northfield and Winona in the Suez highway to the Orient that America; and the anniversaries of year; of the completion of the Union great societies, and centenary celebra- Pacific Railway, in 1869; the Franco- tions, such as Carey's in 1892, and Prussian War in 1870; the arbitration others now so frequent. of the Alabama dispute in 1872, as of the Venezuela claims in 1899; of the 5. The developments in the line of establishment of the British Protec- education during the half-century are torate over the Fiji group in 1874, another sign following united prayer. over Cyprus in 1878, and over Egypt How significant, for instance, the openin 1882. In 1889, repUblican govern- ing of Robert College at the Golden ment began in Brazil; in 1890, the Horn, in 1863; of the American Girls' first Parliament met in Japan; in 1898, College at Scutari, in 1872; the Kobe the Hawaiian Islands raised the Star- GirJs' College in 1873, and the famous spangled Banner; in 1902, the Hague Doshisha University of Neesima the Tribunal was established; the Lay- next year; the invention of the Moon men's missionary movement began in system for the blind in r840, and the 1906; the Chinese Opium Edict dates Murray alphabet for the blind in 1879;

the work of Dr. Laws, at Livingstonia, pervasive that we hesitate to attempt Verbeck in Japan, Drs. Duff and Mar- either an enumeration or a selec- tin and many others in India and tion. We may, however, mention China; Dr. Post and his fellows in some twenty, particularly con~picuous Syria. The name of these great as the immediate fruits of prayer, teachers in the mission field is legion, since the Lodiana circular-letter was and some of them, less conspicuous, issued: The great blessing bestowed like Miss Fiske in Persia, Miss Agnew on William Duncan's work among the in Ceylon, Miss Pierson in Japan, Tshimshean Indians in his Metla- have left an impress for good that kahtla, from 1859 onward; the great will never be lost, and helped create a revival of 1859 and 1860, especially in native force of teachers and preachers. Britain and America; the arousing of 6. Especially significant, also, are the university students of Britain un- the multiplied translations of the Word der Moody and others, which led to of God since the Lodiana Call to the "China Band"; the awakening in Prayer. Very notable among the ex- North Tinnevelly in 1860; in Egypt isting five hundred translations are the and the Nile Valley, from 1863-70; completed Arabic translation in 1865, in China, specially Hankow, 1863- and the Japanese Bible in 1888, not 88; in the Euphrates district, 1864- to refer to the great achievements of 67, under C. H. Wheeler, etc.; in such as Pilkington in Uganda, Rich- Aniwa under J. G. Paton, 1867-6g; in ards in Banza Manteke, Lindley Southern Tinnevelly, 1871-81; in among the Zulus, and those who, in Japan, 1872-75; in Paris and other the Islands of the Sea and elsewhere, French cities under McAll, 1872- have not only given the Word of God 80; in the Telugu country, 1877-78; in to whole tribes and peoples, but in Formosa, 1877-85, under G. L. Mac- God's book laid the basis of all their kay; in Banza Manteke, under Rich- literature! ards, 1883-90; in Uganda, 1893-98; in 7. What shall be said of great Korea, before our eyes.

moral and spiritual transformations! An A wakening in India The revivals of this period have been specially marked. The appeal of the We give one instance, less familiar, Lodiana brethren was born in a re- perhaps, than many others. The vival era, just begun, which continued spiritual awakening in 1896, in con- for years; the awakening in Mada- nection with the United Presbyterian gascar succeeding the persecution that Mission in the Punjab, was a signal ended in 1871, the moral miracle in answer to prayer and deserves a record the Telugu Mission in 1877-78, when as one of the most remarkable waves 10,000 were baptized in eleven months; of spiritual power that ever swept the awakening in Japan in 1872 and over India.

onward; in Uganda in 1893, and in Three years before the annual meet- our day in Korea. These are only ing of the mission, it was agreed to a few handfuls out of a great harvest. observe every Sabbath evening as a The whole half-century has been one season of special prayer for a new of unprecedented and multiplied spiri- effusion of the Spirit's power,and both tual quickenings, so numerous and so the native brethren in the field and

A HALF-CENTURY OF PRAYER

church at home were appealed to, to for a world's evangelization. When join in these times of supplication. So at the first meeting the question prominent has been the prayer element arose to what object the contribution throughout that there has never been which had been taken should be dea doubt that the blessings that fol- voted, Mr. Ropes, drawing attention lowed were linked inseparably with to a basket of Japanese workmanship such earnest and united entreaty. that chanced to be on the table in the room where this little "monthly con- The work began early in the year cert" was held, suggested that the 1896, and so remarkable was the evangelization of that closed land power attending it, even from the might be the object for which their first, that some feared it would prove gifts should be made. The suggestion only spasmodic; but it continued and was adopted; and tho soon after rather deepened and broadened. The Mr. Ropes left Brookline, a "ladies' first marked manifestation of this sewing society" had grown up in conpower was at the meeting of the nection with this little meeting and Sialkot Presbytery, at Pasrur, March continued, from time to time, to send 24, while in conference on "our work money for this prospective "mission in and its needs," making that confer- Japan" to the American Board-in all ence memorable beyond any other in more than $600. the history of the mission. The whole story is so interesting that it can not When, forty years later, the Board be abridged and we must refer the found the open door to Japan and sent reader to the narrative of Rev. D. S. forth Rev. D. C. Greene, the new mis- Lyte, one of the most remarkable we sion was credited with over four have ever read.* thousand dollars as the sum of these contributions, with interest accrued. One example of prayer in the open- And another remarkable link between ing of closed doors might be cited, as these prayers and the open door in an encouragement to praying souls. Japan is seen in the fact that Mr. When as yet Japan was a hermit na- Greene, this first missionary, was the tion, and the Christianity that was son of a minister who, forty years bebrought thither by the representatives fore, had been one of the little comof the Papacy had been practically ex- pany present at the first meeting held tirpated by persecution-when for two in Mr. Ropes' house in Brookline.* centuries and a half the edict boards against Christianity had been raised Looking back over the half-century everywhere throughout the Sunrise and noting all these developments- Kingdom, and all Europeans were the grand work of missionary explodriven away from the Island Empire ration in the opening up of not only Save as Dutch merchants had a foot- new districts and territories, but whole hold at a trading port on the little continents; the multiplication of misisland of Deshima-William Ropes, sionary organizations until the whole of Boston, about March, 1828, a Chris- church has formed into line, and all tian merchant residing in Brookline, the reserves have been called forth had invited a few friends to meet once into action, men, women, and even the a month at his house to join in prayer * "A History of Christianity in Japan,'· Vol. II, * "Far North in India," pages 242-250. page 73, by Dr. Carey.

young; when we note the missionary means, the appeal for a higher conoccupation of new fields, in a con- secration of person and property, one stantly aggressive forward campaign, supreme need confronts us-the dethe advance in Christian education; mand for united, intelligent, believing then turn to the conspicuous events of prayer. Here is the greater than the half-century, so many of which Archimedes' lever to move the world. are historically turning-points, radical The pivot and fulcrum are supplied, and revolutionary; the conferences at "the point outside" for which he longed horne and abroad that have brought to rest the lever-the promise of an undisciples into closer bonds of mutual changing God. The power is supplied sympathy and cooperation, and pre- wherewith to move the lever-nothpared the way for every form of hu- ing less than omnipotence itself. The man betterment; when, to all these, proof is at hand that God is the living, we add the translations of the Word all-powerful worker, in the moral mirof God, evangelistic activities and ex- acles already wrought. Strange, intensive and multiplied spiritual quick- deed, that the Church of God should enings, which characterize this last need any further incentive to united fifty years, we can not but exclaim, supplication. Here is at once the easiest "Surely, God answers prayer." There and the hardest way to success-easare still signs following united sup- iest because it is by absolute dependplication. ence upon God, content to have His strength perfected in our weakness; A Challenge and for that very reason hardest, be- cause there is nothing to which we We risk successful challenge from are so prone as to trust in ourselves, any quarter of the statement now de- and nothing to which we are so averse liberately made after a half-century of as to hang in absolute helplessness the study of modern missions: upon God's power and grace. We like to act, but we do not like to ask " FROM THE DAY OF PENTECOST, THERE HAS it humors our pride to do something BEEN NOT ONE GREAT SPIRITUAL AWAKENING that looks big; but it is only when IN ANY LAND WHICH HAS NOT BEGUN IN A pride bows in humility, and the "I" UNION OF PRAYER, THO ONLY AMONG TWO OR of self-confidence is inflected into the THREE; NO SUCH OUTWARD, UPWARD MOVE- "me" of simple dependence (Galatians MENT HAS CONTINUED AFTER SUCH PRAYER- 2: 20) that in any work for God the MEETINGS HAVE DECLINED; AND IT IS IN highest achievement is possible. EXACT PROPORTION TO THE MAINTENANCE OF SUCH JOINT AND BELIEVING SUPPLICATION The work of missions is pre- AND INTERCESSION THAT THE WORD OF THE eminently "our Father's business." It LORD IN ANY LAND OR LOCALITY HAS HAD must be transacted under our Father's FREE COURSE AND BEEN GLORIFIED. constant guidance, by His help, His strength, and so for His glory. And This being so, the duty and privilege nothing will bring us and help us in of all who yearn for a world's speedy the right attitude like the habit of beevangelization is transparently clear. lieving prayer, which is the one sure Beside and beyond all other forms of sign that we are "workers together activity, however useful and help- with God." ful, such as the informing of disciples, the supplying of men and BY BELLE M. BRAIN, DETROIT, MICH. Author of "Holding the Ropes," HTransformation of Hawaii," HAn About Japan," etc.

The past year has been crowded So rapidly is missionary work adwith events of unusual importance in vancing in Africa that it will soon the progress of the Kingdom of God, cease to be called the Dark Continent. at home and abroad. Some of these At the recent South African Missionwere distinctively missionary in char- ary Conference, held at Bloemfontein, acter; others were political, yet had seventy-five delegates met, representsuch important relation to the growth ing more than twenty societies, and of the Kingdom that they can not be statistics were presented which showed omitted from a missionary review of that all Africa south of the Zambesi the year. The great national awaken- is practically taken up by various misings of Asiatic peoples, beginning in sionary societies. Dr. MacVicar, of Japan and spreading to China, India, Lovedale, prophesied that within a Turkey and Persia, are resulting in few years at least half of the natives political upheavals which not only pro- would be Christian. But in other foundly affect the history of the world, parts of Africa there remains much' but greatly increase the opportunity land to be possest. It is estimated for aggressive Christian work. The that in the Sudan, a region as large as hand of God is undoubtedly in these the United States, which constitutes new forces that are so strangely mov- the largest unevangelized mission field ing the world. of the world, there are 50,000,000 who have never heard the name of Christ. Sunshine and Shadow in Africa From many parts of this great con- The expedition of ex-President tinent come encouraging reports of Roosevelt has turned all eyes upon progress. In Elat, West Central Africa, for papers and magazines have Africa, and Cape Palmas, Liberia, been flooded with articles on the Dark great awakenings have taken place, Continent. New prominence was and many have been converted. given to missions in East Central Uganda, as usual, has had a success- Africa by the announcement that, be- ful year. The phenomenal growth is fore starting, Colonel Roosevelt had shown by large congregations on the asked for a list of all the American Sabbath, crowded baptismal and conmlSSlOn stations in the territory firmation classes, and gifts larger than through which he expected to pass. ever before. In Egypt, the first con- He promised to inspect their work ference for Moslem converts, held in and showed his sincerity by laying the Zeitoun, near Cairo, was a notable corner-stone of the mission chapel and event. school of the African Inland Mission at Kijabe. The good effects of his In some parts of Africa the work expedition are already felt in the tes- was rendered discouraging by detertimony he has given to the value of mined opposition. In Angola, West missions in Africa. In a recent letter Africa, Roman Catholic neighbors he stated that he was intensely inter- have hindered the Protestant work, ested in all he had seen, including mis- and from all points in German East sionary work, and would have much Africa come disquieting reports of the to tell on his return. encroachments of Islam with its bitter hostility to everything Christian. In currency system is to be developed on Madagascar new outrages have been a modern basis, and for the first time a perpetrated against Protestant mis- census of China's hitherto uncounted sions by the French governor. Many millions is being taken. The army is churches have been closed, permission being drilled in modern methods and to build new ones or repair old ones a new navy has been planned at a cost has been refused, and in districts re- of $roo,ooo,ooo. In Peking watermote from the capital, paganism seems pipes are being laid in the streets, a to have been aided and Christianity new system of sewerage is being indiscouraged. Nevertheless, the mis- stalled, roads are being macadamized sionaries continue in the work, cheered and an American electric company is by the fact that in the face of opposi- equipping the city with an up-to-date tion thousands of Malagasy Christians telephone system at government exremain loyal to the Christ, and new pense. converts continue to be won. N or is the progress in material The forward movement undertaken things alone. It is along social and in behalf of Africa by the Methodist intellectual lines as well. A great Episcopal Church to commemorate the campaign against opium has been inseventy-fifth anniversary of their be- augurated and signs are not wanting ginning there will greatly extend their that Chinese women are coming to already large and prosperous work. their own. Many anti-foot-binding A special anniversary was held in societies have been established, and Washington, D. C, last February, and women's clubs are being formed. the African Diamond Jubilee Commis- Daily, weekly and monthly papers and sion appointed to raise a thank-offer- magazines are multiplying with great ing of $300,000 for the African work rapidity, a new system of public inhas been busy with its task throughout struction is being inaugurated, and the year. schools are springing up all over the empire. The intellectual awakening is New Forces in Old China not confined to any class or section and is said to be the most profound In China, old things are passing and far-reaching the world has known away so rapidly that it seems difficult since the Revival of Learning in to exaggerate the changes that are Europe five centuries ago. taking place. The emperor, through his father, the prince regent, has con- These reforms, however, are not firmed the promise of a constitution being accomplished without opposition. and has set a date for its adoption ten There is a strong reactionary party, years hence. In view of this, orders and China is still in the throes of a conhave been sent to the governors of flict which will either make her a great provinces to give the people instruc- world power with a voice in the tion in self-government. Railroad world's affairs, or sink her once more construction is being pushed with in Oriental lethargy and stagnation. all possible haste to give easy access to Peking by the time the first legisla- To missionary bodies working in ture is convened. Telegraph lines are China the present educational crisis being extended, the postal service is affords an unequaled opportunity for growing by leaps and bounds; the dominating the new intellectual life of the nation. In view of this, special missions in the empire. At the great emphasis is being laid on education. jubilee gathering held in Tokyo in Those societies that have done little October under the auspices of the along this line are opening schools at Evangelical Alliance, an impressive exall their stations; those that have hibit was made of what has already educational plants already in operation been accomplished and of what yet are enlarging them and bettering their remains to be done. Fully half the equipment. Through a great forward speakers were Japanese and the admovement launched in London last dresses were of great interest and year the sum of $500,000 is also to be power. raised for this work. As a result of fifty years' work Churches and schools are reported there are 400 organized churches, full, and many of the students in the more than one-fourth of which are encolleges are offering themselves for tirely self-supporting; between 70,000 the service of Christ. The women, and 80,000 baptized Christians, nearly too, are becoming more and more use- 500 ordained Japanese pastors, and ful in the work. At the Chinese about 100,000 children in the Protes- National Christian Endeavot Conven- tant Sunday-schools; 186 Christian tion in Nanking last May, the quiet- schools of all grades and classes holdhour services were entrusted to Miss ing property valued at $1,5°0,000; and Dora Yii, a modest, unassuming seven Christian publishing houses Chinese girl, who conducted them with issuing 70,000,000 pages a year. The great power. old proscriptions against Christianity have given way to the fullest religious From central and northeastern liberty, the Bible is sold in book- China come wonderful reports of a stores throughout the. country at the great wave of revival, such as was rate of from 200,000 to 300,000 copies never known before in China. This a year. The power and influence of spread from station to station and Christianity is silently permeating and rivaled in power and results the great transforming the nation. Fourteen awakenings in Korea and Manchuria members of the present legislature and the year before. During these meet- a number of other men prominent in ings, which were largely the result of national affairs are Christians. Tho a great evangelistic campaign con- the native religions are by no means ducted by the Rev. Jonathan Goforth dead, they have lost much of their of the Canadian Presbyterian Church, power. The year, on the whole, has men and women were so strongly con- been prosperous, tho a few missionvicted of sin that they publicly confest aries report a backward movement in their wrong-doings with tears-a most their work. The large majority reunusual thing in China, where the port that there is everywhere a great pride and natural reticence of the readiness to hear the Gospel and that people is so great. the number of conversions is steadily increasing. The Year of Jubilee in Japan The anti-Japanese agitation in Cali- The great event of the year in fornia, which early in the year threat- Japan was the celebration of the ened to assume the alarming proporfiftieth anniversary of Protestant tions of two years ago, has subsided, without sufficient compensation, have to the great satisfaction of all lovers resulted in the bitter feeling of resentof peace and of missions. Owing to ment toward the Japanese that found restrictions in the number of pass- such terrible expression in the asports issued at Tokyo, the number of sassination of Prince Ito at Harbin Japanese coming to America during last October. the year was considerably less than the number of those who returned to Notwithstanding the chafing of the J apan-a condition which, according people at the loss of their national to the Japanese ambassador at Wash- power, the great wave of revival which ington, is likely to continue for a few has been sweeping over the land, conyears at least. tinues with unabated power. The mis- sionaries are overwhelmed with work The present attitude of Japan and both men and money are an urgent toward the United States seems to be need. It is a cause for thanksgiving one of extreme friendliness. This was that under the present regime full reevidenced in a delicately courteous ligious liberty is enjoyed and no hinway, characteristic of the Japanese, by drances are placed in the way of the the pilgrimage, last October, of five work. At a recent conference with the members of the Japanese Industrial Japanese, the missionaries received full Commission, then touring the United permission to teach Christianity in the States, to Newport, R. 1., where a mission schools, the officials promising great wreath of laurel was laid on to put the graduates on the same foot- Commodore Perry's grave, and by the ing as those of government schools and congratulatory message of the em- grant them equal privileges. peror to New York City at the time of the Hudson-Fulton celebration, ac- The great missionary event of the companied by an offer of a memorial year was the celebration of the gift of 300 of Japan's famous cherry- quarter-centennial of Protestant mistrees to be planted along Riverside sions in Korea. The union celebration Drive. in Seoul last September was partic- ipated in by all missionary organiza- A Year of Blessing in Korea tions at work in the country, and the dominant notes were praise for what The conclusion of a new convention God hath wrought and prayer that the with Japan whereby the control of the work may continue until Korea bemilitary, banking and judicial systems comes a Christian nation. In August, of the country passed into the hands at the annual meeting of the Northof the Japanese, was an event of im- ern Presbyterian Mission, which was portance in Korea. The country is first in the field, the following results now entirely under the control of the of twenty-five years' work in this one Japanese, who are doing much for its mission were reported: 25,oIO baptized material development, but are leaving Christians, an average of 1,000 for much to be desired in their treatment each of the twenty-five years; nearly of the people. The execution of 100,000 adherents, many of whom are thousands of Koreans in the process of really Christians; 1,000 paid helpers, pacification, the flooding of the country nine-tenths of whom are supported by with Japanese immigrants, and the the Koreans themselves; and a great unjust appropriation of Korean lands

PROGRESS OF THE WORLD IN

army of unpaid helpers who consider that in British rule lies the only hope no sacrifice of time or of money too of peace. Vith the present system of great for winning souls and advancing English military control, there is, the Kingdom of God. probably, little danger of a repetition of the mutiny of 1857, yet the situa- The Korean Church, on fire with tion is serious and the solution of the evangelistic zeal, is aiming at nothing problem difficult. less than the speedy evangelization of the entire nation. With this end in Meanwhile, missionary work goes view, a movement is now on foot to steadily forward, the spirit of unrest put into every Korean home a copy of being at once a hindrance and a help. one of the four Gospels, with tracts The national awakening of the people setting forth the way of salvation. affects the native Christians, and out of it seems to be growing a spirit of The Spirit of Independence in India enterprise which manifests itself in a desire for self-support and self-ex- The spirit of unrest in India con- tension. If wisely directed, this can tinued to be a source of anxiety not fail to be of great value in buildthroughout the year. The conciliatory ing up the native church. measures proposed by Lord Morley, British Secretary of State for India, Tho the revival spirit is not so and Lord Minto, the Viceroy, giving wide-spread as it was a few years the natives some representation in the ago, stirring accounts of great awagovernment, was hailed with joy by kenings have come from many sections. the reformers and was well received by In northern India there were large the Indian National Council in January. accessions in both the Presbyterian But a growing belief that the govern- and Methodist missions, and steady ment favored the Mohammedans and progress was reported in almost every the failure of Lord Morley to repeal field. The World's Christian Enthe partition of Bengal and release the deavor Convention, held in Agra in reform leaders who had been either December, was a notable event and imprisoned or deported without trial, brought thousands of young Indian produced a sullen feeling of discon- Christians in touch with one another tent throughout the empire. The ad- and with a great army of young Chrisvent of bomb-throwing in India, with tians from other parts of the world. its attempt on the lives of Lord and Lady Minto, and the atrocious . A significant sign of the times, inmurder of Sir Curzon Wyllie, po- dicative of the great social changes litical aide-de-camp to Lord Mor- that are taking place, was shown at ley, by an Indian student in Lon- the National Indian Congress at don last summer, seem to point to a Madras last January when delegates wide-spread conspiracy for the over- of every caste and creed sat down tothrow of the British and the estab- gether at a common feast. Had caste lishment of East Indian independence. laws been rigidly enforced, the hun- But the outbreaks during the year be- dreds of high-caste leaders from all tween the Hindus and Mohammedans, over India who participated in the reveal the bitter enmity between these banquet would have been forced two great classes, and make it plain either to lose caste or submit to the most degrading penances. Yet so far

as is known, not a single delegate was those around them. "As for rewards," required to suffer either penalty. says the British consul at Adana, "the people who ought to get them are the The Turmoil in Turkey gallant men and women of the Amer- ican Mission, who worked through The year which opened so aus- the storm, and are still working, re- piciously in Turkey was marked by gardless of their own losses and the revolution at Constantinople, troubles." which ended the long reign of Abdul Hamid II, religious leader of the The reestablishment of the con- 230,000,000 Moslems 'in the world, stitutional government, with the new and by the terrible massacres at Sultan at its head, has, for the present, Adana which cost the lives of two restored tranquillity and order, but American missionaries, a score of the difficulties that confront the Young native pastors and more than 20,000 Turks are so great that no one dare Armenians, including a large number predict what the future will be. With of Protestant Christians. the government still Mohammedan, it is also impossible to predict what the Tho a political outbreak was not effect will be on Christian missions. altogether unexpected by those who The amazing manifesto, recently is- understood the trend of affairs, the sued to the Mohammedans of the revolt of the army on April 12, the world by the Sheik-ul-Islam, with the temporary overthrow of the Young approval of the Ulema, which together Turk ministry, the rally of the Mace- constitute the supreme religious au- donian forces, the brief struggle at thority in Islam, seems to promise full Constantinople, when for the first time religious liberty, but it remains to be in history Moslem fought against seen whether Christian missions will Moslem, the dethronement of the be permitted to enjoy full freedom and Sultan and the accession of his brother Moslem converts to Christianity re- as Mehmed V, came with a sudden- ceive protection of life and property ness for which no one was prepared. under the new regime.

The simultaneous wild outbreak in Rev. James L. Barton, D.D., secre- the district of Adana, 500 miles tary of the American Board, furnishes from Constantinople, sent a thrill of us with the following statement that horror through the world. Not since throws much light on present condi- the Boxer outbreak of 1900 has there tions: • been such a time of anxiety and sus- pense, and rarely before has any Among other things, the manifesto of calamity left such a train of suffering the Sheik-ul-Islam declares that the con- and sorrow in its wake. The response stitutional government is in full harmony to the call for funds was prompt and with the principles of Mohammedanism; generous, and the relief work effective. that true Christians are worshipers of the Yet the need has been by no means true God and will have a place in Para- fully met. The conduct of the mis- dise; that fraternal relationship with sionaries during the whole trying time those not Mohammedan is enjoined by was most heroic. Heedless of their the Koran; that it is the duty of every own peril they sought to stay the havoc Mohammedan government to afford and save the lives and property of equal protection to Christians, Jews and Mohammedans, and that before the law all must be upon the same footing.

PROGRESS OF THE WORLD IN 1909

This introduces a new era of Mohamme- Ispahan by the Bakhtiari tribesmen danism which is in itself revolutionary, of the south, finally frightened the and which, jf accepted by the Moham- Shah into promising to restore the medans of the world, will open a new constitution. But the reformers redoor of approach to their minds. fused to trust him and forced their way into Teheran, on July 13, where, Weare receiving in each mail daily after three days' fighting, they comindications that this is an actual fact in pelled him to abdicate and set his son, Turkey at the present time. Mohamme- Ohmed Mirza, a boy of twelve, upon dan pupils are applying to the schools the Peacock Throne. for admission on equal terms with the Christians; Mohammedan inquirers are With the young Shah a ruler only privately seeking the truths of Christian- in name, and Russia and England his ity, and Mohammedan listeners are in- real regents, the day of a protectorate creasing at public services. The Ameri- over Persia is probably not very far can Board has seven missionary colleges distant. Meanwhile, with the country in Asiatic Turkey. Both Moslems and in a state of bankruptcy and the Con- Christians are bearing testimony to the stitutionalists bitterly opposing the value of these institutions, not only in presence of the Russian troops, who what they have already accomplished, but must, nevertheless, remain until order in what they may yet accomplish in the is restored and the new parliament has reorganization of the new empire, and given proof of its ability to keep the the demand for modern education and peace, the political situation is far the desire for moral instruction is in- from reassuring. creasing. There has never been a time in our eighty-nine years of work in the To the missionaries in Persia, as in Turkish Empire when everything seemed Turkey, the past year has been most to point to so promising a future, and trying. The coming of the Russians call for so marked an advance in every saved Tabriz from the massacre and department of work. pillage that befell Adana, but the mis- sionaries were constantly exposed to The New Regime in Persia danger, and the sorrows and suffering of the people preyed on their sympa- The year which began with tumult thies and called for their help. Notin Persia has closed in comparative withstanding the adverse conditions, peace. As in Turkey, there is a new the missionary work was kept up, and ruler on the throne and a constitu- even during the long siege of Tabriz tional government appears to be it went on as usual, except that evefirmly reestablished, but the country ning meetings were, of necessity, disis not yet in a settled condition. continued. In Teheran six persons united with the church on the first During the first six months, owing Sunday in June, and on July II, when to the abrogation of the constitutio;I the forces of the reformers vvere just by the Shah, a great part of Persia outside the city, the usual Sabbath serwas in a state of insurrection. The vices were held. On the following Constitutionalists held Tabriz for three Sunday, two days after the abdication months against the forces of the Shah, of the Shah, there were sixty in atand here and there throughout the tendance. country were armed bands only lacking opportunity for cooperation to turn the smoldering revolt into a wild tempest of rebellion. The raising of the siege of Tabriz by Russian intervention, together with the capture of

It is too soon to predict the final rule, is struggling toward better effect of this new regime-so much things, as is shown by a renewed independs on the extent of Russia's in- terest in education and attempts at fluence and her attitude toward Protes- practical reform. Yet there can be tant missions. The power of the little real progress while the country Mollahs, the most fanatical class in so largely remains under bondage to the country, has been greatly curtailed, ignorance, superstition and sin. and freedom of speech and of action prevails to a hitherto unknown ex- From the Methodist mission in tent. The intellectual awakening is Ecuador come cheering accounts of a creating an increased desire for edu- revival with more than forty converts. cation, and no sooner was peace re- But here, too, the spirit of intolerance stored than the Mohammedan children was revealed when, incited by the came flocking to the mission schools priests, a mob attacked the church, and and educational institutions of all it was necessary to call on the govkinds are more crowded than ever be- ernor for protection. In the Presbyfore. The greatest immediate need is terian mission in Chili, as a result of a Christian college, adequate in equip- evangelistic meetings held in Valment and with a course of study paraiso, there was a turning to the sufficiently advanced to give fun train- Lord such as has never been known ing to the young men of the land. there before. More than a hundred con fest Christ and were enrolled in The Struggles in South America the catechumen classes.

South America has been described Throughout South America there as a political volcano with as many seems to be a growing revolt against craters as there are states. During the domination of an ignorant and the past year there were at least two corrupt priesthood. 1£ Christian miseruptions and rumors of others. The sions are ever pushed in an adequate revolt of the army in Colombia, during way, the result will probably be one of the absence of the president in Europe, the greatest developments in the hisfollowed the exclusion of Castro from tory of missions. The visit of Mr. Venezuela and put a new man in Robert E. Speer, who spent six power amid serious disturbances months in a missionary tour through there. The violent rejection by Bo- the continent, may do much to arouse livia of the award of the president of the churches of North America to Argentina in his arbitration of the their duty in the matter. Peruvian boundary dispute, threatened to involve these three countries in Uncertain Reforms in Rllssia war, but this calamity has been happily averted. The enactment by the Duma last summer of legislation securing tQ South America continues to be so minors between fourteen and twentypoorly manned by missionaries that it one the right to choose their religion is still the "Neglected Continent." with the consent of their parents, and Yet signs are not wanting of progress to adults both to choose and to in the work. Venezuela, freed from change from one religion to another, Castro's autocratic and disgraceful according to the dictates of conscience, was a promise of progress in Russia. Yet religious liberty in Russia is far liament, and one of the most enlighten- from an accomplished fact. The ed leaders of the Young Turk party, scenes of violence in the Duma during paid an official visit to the chief Jewish the discussion of the bill, and the op- rabbi of Turkey, in the course of position of the conservative papers which he extended to the Jews of Rus- after its passage, shows how intol- sia and Rumania and all countries erant is the spirit of the religious where they suffer disabilities, an in- leaders. So long as the Greek Ortho- vitation to settle in Turkey. At the dox Church continues to be the state same time he promised that all re- church and exercise despotic authority, strictions against Jewish immigration persecution of other creeds will con- would be removed and full citizenship tinue. be granted to every Jew on his ar- Meanwhile, in a quiet, unobtrusive rival in the empire. As the fulfilment way, evangelical Christianity is forcing of this promise would remove the last its way into the empire. Both the obstacle to the settlement of the Jews Methodists and the Baptists have in Palestine, there is, apparently, noth- made a beginning, and in St. Peters- ing to hinder their immediate return.

burg alone there are now twelve The pecuiliar situation is summed up evangelical churches whose pastors by Mr. Ernest Gordon thus: preach to crowded houses. But the We now have these factors: The Jews time has not yet come for a general hated and starved in Russia and Rumania. advance of Protestant missions in The Jews invited to the Turkish Empire Russia. The Young Men's Christian with open arms. The Jews organized Association is a growing power in the throughout the world to purchase Palescountry and the visit of Mr. John R. tine as an "everlasting possession of the Matt made a deep impression on the whole Jewish people." The Jew master students and even on the civil author- of international finance and correspond- ingly influential in international polities.

ities. The Jew apparently unable to colonize elsewhere, the plans for such coloniza- The Zionist Movement of the Jews tion in Uganda, Argentina, Cyrenica, Recent developments in Turkey Mesopotamia, all blighting in the bud. have had an important bearing on the Lastly, a Turkish revolution which de- Zionist movement and the future of stroys all political hindrances to Jewish the Jews. settlement in Palestine.

At a remarkable meeting held in Progress in International Reform London on the IOth of last May, at- One of the most hopeful signs of tended by between 2,000 and 3,000 the age is the increase of interna- Jews, Israel Zangwill and other tional cooperation for the suppression prominent speakers referred to of social evils in the world. The past Mesopotamia, the famous region soon year has witnessed great progress in to be opened up by the Bagdad Rail- efforts of this kind.

way, as the new "Land of Promise" I. The Liquor Trafiic.-The temper- for the Jew. One week later an event ance wave now sweeping so victo- occurred which put a new aspect on riously through the United States is the matter. On May 17, Ahmed Risa not confined to this country, but is Bey, first president of the Turkish Par- part of a great international movement against alcohol. At the twelfth bi- held in the near future at The Hague. ennial meeting of the International 3· White Slavery.-Owing to the Congress on Alcoholism held in London last July, with r,400 delegates, increase in the disgraceful traffic in representing twenty-six governments women known as "White Slavery," and colonial legislatures, the delegates thirteen governments with their colowere, for the first time, appointed by nies entered into an agreement during the governments participating, and the year to wage a united warfare great progress was reported all along against it. Each government agrees the line. Germany, a leader in the to appoint a special officer having the fight, reported eighteen total ab- work in charge, to exchange informastinence societies with 46r members tion with other governments, and keep among the students of her universities; a close inspection of steamer landings Holland has roo,ooo organized tem- and railway stations. perance workers; in Great Britain temperance instruction has been intro- 4. The Kongo Reform.-The conduced into the schools; in Russia half tinuance of the outrages in the Kongo a million people have recently attended Free State, notwithstanding the astemperance lectures and debates; in sumption of control by the Belgian the United States the number of per- Government, called forth renewed efsons living in no-license territory has fort in behalf of the natives there. increased from 6,000,000 to 38,000,000 The governments of the United States in ten years, and the saloon has been and Great Britain refused to recogabolished by law in two-thirds of the nize the Belgian annexation of the total area. State unless satisfactory guarantee was given that the outrages would be 2. The Opium Traffic.-The Inter- supprest; Sir Arthur Conan Doyle national Opium Conference held in took up his pen in behalf of the cause, Shanghai last February, marked an and foregoing pecuniary profit, alimportant step in the war against lowed the "Crime of the Kongo" to be opium. Called by the United States sold to the public for sixpence; a camto assist China in her efforts to free paign of protest was conducted in herself from this obnoxious drug, and England with mass-meetings in every participated in by every nation affected large city; and the Baptist Missionary directly or indirectly by the opium Society held a Kongo exhibit in Lontraffic, the congress accomplished don, one feature of which was a free much along the right lines. Tho rubber stall with a painting, enlarged Great Britain is not yet ready to stop from an actual photograph, of a native the exportation of opium from India, gazing at his dead child which had or allow China to prohibit its importa- been murdered and mutilated because tion, her participation in the congress of his failure to bring in his full tale was a great step in advance. In view of rubber! Nothing, however, did as of the need of further deliberation on much to bring matters to a crisis as the subject, the United States, through the case of the two American misits Department of State, has requested sionaries, Dr. Wm. Morrison and Dr. the participating governments to send W. H. Shepherd, the latter a negro delegates to a second conference to be from rttlanta. These men were com- pelled to leave their work at ,Luebo

and stand trial in the Belgian court at crease glVlllg. A most encouraging Leopoldville, 1,000 miles away, on sign is the increasing cooperation becharges preferred by the notorious tween home and foreign missions- Kassai Rubber Company, of which two branches of one great work which King Leopold himself is chief stock- God has joined but man too often puts helder. The withdrawal of the case asunder. Everyland, the new chilagainst Dr. Morrison and the ac- dren's magazine launched in Decemquittal of Dr. Sheppard in October, ber, covers both the home and foreign closely followed by the announcement field. In two denominations, the Confrom Brussels that the Belgian Gov- gregational and the Baptist, joint camernment is about to undertake ex- paigns were conducted with great suctensive reforms on the Kongo, and cess by all the missionary organizapromises to see that humane treatment tions connected with them, home and is accorded to the natives, gives rise foreign, the object being to wipe out to the hope that the long night of the indebtedness of all. And in the horror is over. national missionary program adopted by the Canadian churches at Toronto The Year in Home Missionary Work last April, equal emphasis was placed on home and foreign work. The need for home missionary work seems to increase year by year. Not The Missionary Uprising in America only winning America for Christ, but keeping America Christian calls for The unparalleled opportunities openstrenuous effort. ing up in all parts of the non-Christian world are being met by a rising tide of Mormonism claims to hold the bal- missionary interest in the home lands. ance of power in five states and is con- The laymen's movement is sweeping ducting an aggressive missionary cam- everything before it. In Canada, the paign throughout this country and great assembly of laymen held at Europe. The religious census com- Toronto last spring the first Napleted last year shows that the great tional Missionary Congress of influx of immigrants from Papal modern times-and the adoption by Europe is dominating the religion of the Canadian churches through their entire states. According to the statis- representatives there of an aggressive tics, Massachusetts and Rhode Island, national missionary program marked a in Puritan New England, are now new era in home effort for the evangel- Roman Catholic. The cities are in- ization of the world. The great camcreasing in popUlation and in sin, and paign of the Laymen's Missionary in the rural districts many of the old- Movement now in progress in the estabiished churches are either dead United States, with missionary convenor dying. In view of these and other tions in seventy-five cities, and a great facts, home missions can only be national congress in Chicago next May, neglected at great peril. is said to be the most carefully planned and extensive educational effort ever The Home Mission Publicity Cam- undertaken by combined Christianity. paign conducted during the first three Great results have already been acmonths of the year by the Home Mis- complished and the tide of enthusiasm sion Council, a federation of all the is rising higher every day. home missionary societies and boards, did much to arouse interest and in-

Inspired by new hope, the Church ing which achieved even greater reis at last moving in a systematic and sults than had been anticipated. Imcomprehensive way to save the world, mediately preceding it was the great and can no longer be accused of play- campaign of Mr. John R. Mott, gening at missions. The various denom- eral secretary of the Federation, inations in the United States and among the students of Great Britain Canada, after carefully going over the and Europe, as a result of which many field, have designated the definite num- students accepted Christ and large ber of non-Christian people in the numbers resolved to devote themselves world for whom they will be responsi- to His service either at home or on the ble, and in order to meet the obliga- foreign field. Everywhere the meettion are preparing for an increase of ings were large and the interest infrom three- to five-fold in workers tense, as was evidenced by the numand gifts. bers who remained whenever a second meeting was announced. Many also Missionary organizations of all sought private interviews with Mr. kinds report their work in a flourish- Mott for the discussion of vital pering condition. The Young People's sonal questions. At Oxford the meet- Missionary Movement put out 150,000 ings were said to be the most largely copies of. study books and three refer- attended of any series of religious ence libraries during the year, besides meetings in the history of the univerfurnishing a large amount of material sity; at London the opening meeting to the editors of Sunday-school period- was held in the Royal Albert Hall, icals for use in connection with the with IO,OOO in attendance; at Cam- Sunday-school lessons. Almost without bridge, the meetings rivaled in power exception, the receipts of the mission Moody's great series that resulted in boards showed a large advance over the sailing of the Cambridge Seven to the previous year, the total increase China in 1887. In the six student aggregating considerably more than centers of Scandinavia the meetings $1,000,000. A new pace was set were largely attended and the interin missionary giving by bequests est ran high. In Christiania, the openof the late John Stewart Kennedy, one ing session was attended by the king, of New York's Christian millionaires, who invited Mr. Mott to a private who bequeathed $3°,000,000 to public audience on the following day. In St. benefactions, and designated nearly Petersburg and Moscow in Russia the one-third to missionary work of differ- largest available halls were .secured, ent kinds. and were crowded at every session, save one. So eager were the students Mis&ionary Conferences for personal help that they followed Mr. Mott on the streets, and went to The number of missionary confer- his lodgings, not only at appointed ences and conventions held during the hours, but at all times of the day. year was larger than ever before, and Vhen he left, they followed him to the they were well attended and full of station and pleaded with him to come enthusiasm. Notable among them was soon again. In Italy, Hungary and the eighth conference of the ';Yorld's Portugal, the meetings were smaller Students' Christian Federation held in Oxford in July-a remarkable gather-

PROGRESS OF THE WORLD IN

than in the great student centers, but Dr. William Ashmore, whose halfwere marked by equal interest and century of work at Swatow had a power. In view of the fact that the profound influence upon the developmission boards are depending more ment of missions in China. and more on the student bodies to furnish recruits for the work, these Dr. William S. Ament, whose minsigns of deep interest in the things of istry during the Boxer troubles Christ are truly encouraging. greatly endeared him to Christians both in the home-land and in China. Another encouraging sign is that the cause of missions, which from time Dr. George E. Post, of the medical immemorial has been the butt of department of the Syrian Protestant everybody's joke, is commanding College, whose medical works won him growing respect as one of the world's honors and decorations in many lands. greatest enterprises. Four presidents of the United States-Harrison, Mc- Dr. Sheldon Jackson, whose work Kinley, Roosevelt and Taft-have for the pioneers of the West, the Morpublicly advocated missionary work, mons, the Indians and the Alaskans, and a great army of British and Amer- gave him first rank among the home ican ambassadors, consuls and gov- missionaries of his 4ay. ernment officials have testified to its value in foreign lands. Daily news- Mr. Egerton R. Young, whose papers give more and more space to thrilling stories of work among the missionary news, and magazines to Indians of the great Canadian Northmissionary articles. The heroine of west have delighted readers of all a recent "best seller" was engaged in ages and won many friends for misforeign missionary work, and a recent drama deals with one phase of SlOns. America's home missionary problem- The noble army of martyrs received the fusing of many alien races into one great united, liberty-loving people. three accessions among the mission- World travelers, newspaper men aries – Daniel Miner Rogers and among them, return home not to sneer Henry Maurer, who were shot at missions and missionaries as in the at Adaan while trying to save old days, but to praise the work and the girls' school; and Homer C. offer criticisms, if they have any, in Baskerville, who fell while leading a a kindly and sympathetic spirit. That sortie out of Tabriz to relieve the all this is a help to missions can not famished city. Tho the latter had be gainsaid; yet it is upon the promises severed his connection with the misof God, not on popular applause, that sion, he was fighting in behalf of a the final triumph of missions rests. sorely opprest people, and few will doubt that he gained a martyr's crown. Notable Deaths of the Year A peculiarly sad death was that of Among the many missionaries that Miss Lilavati Singh, professor of God called home last year were five English literature and philosophy in famous veterans, whose names will the Isabella Thoburn College at Luckever have a place in the history of now, who had come to this country missions: for a graduate course at Radcliffe, and died in Chicago while traveling in the interests of the Women's Foreign Mis- sionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

LAW OF

BY REV. J. STUART HOLDEN, M.A., LONDON, ENGLAND Associate Editor of THE MISSIONARY REVIEW OF THE WORLD Under the figure of husbandry our we may put into the work. Spiritual Lord teaches us many lessons with re- sowing can not be done according to gard to the sowing of that good seed, rate or rule, for what will germinate "which is the Word of God," from in one soil will die in another, and which we look in faith for a harvest hence this necessity of insuring from of living souls for His glory. It is Him the harvest in advance. clear to all engaged in the work of the Vineyard that there are fixt laws Next, we I1!ust remember that the which determine the character and seed sown must be sown "to the measure of all harvestings. It is well, Spirit" (Gal. 6: 8), for "He that therefore, for those whose supreme soweth to the Spirit shall of the Spirit desire is for the fullest possible bless- reap life everlasting." The deep siging of God upon their service, to care- nificance of this is, that all our seedfully study these laws as far as they sowing must be done with faith in His are discernible, in order to insure the fructifying power. For what is any longed-for result, which is at once seed taken by itself but an undea manifestation of His power to the veloped possibility, which requires for world, and a contribution to the sum its development the disintegrating and total of His glory. reintegrating power of its proper en- vironment and element? So it is with Remembering that "the seed is the the Word of God. Only by His Spirit Word of God" (Mark 4: 14), we must can its latent possibility be in any defirst recognize that it is to be con- gree realized. ] ust as Ezekiel in the tinually ministered to the sower by the ValIey of Dry Bones must needs Lord Himself (2 Cor. 9: 10). It is "prophesy unto the Spirit," for only one thing to speak and preach that so can the dead be quickened, so must which is but the outcome or echo of we "sow to the Spirit," for only He a past experience, or of an old can produce life by means of the seed knowledge of God's truth, but another which we sow in the world. thing altogether to have a continuous ministry of "seed to the sower," from Further, the spiritual harvest is al- Him who enriches us in everything ways in direct proportion to the spiriunto a bountiful distribution. Noth- tual outlaY-2 Cor. 9: 6 and 7: "He ing is of greater importance than that which soweth sparingly shall reap also we should not fail in this particular. sparingly; and he which soweth It is the first and chiefest duty of bountifully shall reap also bountievery sower to faithfully seek from fully." There are workers, both at Him, day by day, the fulfilment of His home and abroad, who know little promise in a ministry of the seed to of the joy of harvest, because they be sown in just that particular patch know correspondingly little of the of his field into which He has sent commensurate toil of seed-time; for us as laborers. To fail in this secret if we would secure a large measure fellowship with the Lord of the har- of result for God, we must see to it vest is to fail altogether, despite all that we bountifully distribute the seed the experience, energy, or enterprise which He so bountifully ministers to us. That this is necessary is not only alike clear to reason, but is directly of our message and ministry. It must enjoined upon us in the direction of be the Word of God, and only the Word Eccl. I I : 6: "In the morning sow thy which is sown in the hearts of men if seed, and in the evening withhold not the fruit is to be urto everlasting life. thine hand; for thou knowest not Mere speculative philosophy, or human whether shall prosper, either this or wisdom, conjecture and thought about that, or whether they shall be alike God, however beautifully and cleverly good." It is the one who regards the exprest, produce nothing but thorns Gospel not only as a treasure but as a and thistles. The quality as well as trust, and himself not only as a ser- the quantity of the seed is a large devant but as a steward also, and who is termining factor in the looked-for harhence constantly scattering abroad, vest, and it behooves us all to be very who himself increases, and insures a certain in this matter, lest by thus full harvest. sowing our field with "mingled seed" we are making such a real harvest as Again, seed-sowing must be con- would be to the glory of our God imtinuously carried on in the appointed possible. season without regard to seemingly untoward circumstances. "He that Further, it must be remembered that observeth the wind shall not sow; and true seed-sowing is very frequently he that regardeth the clouds shall not carried on "in tears" (Psalm 126: 5). reap" (Eccl. I I : 4) . How often in The sower to-day finds himself in the the experience of most workers has direct succession of the Savior and seed, which was sown in the most un- His earliest followers, by the fellowpromising ground, and with apparently ship. of sufferings in which the work the smallest possible promise, after- involves him, but to such there is a ward proved to have been the most wondrous promise of joyous harvestfruitful of many similar labors. Every ing for "They that sow in tears shall one of us knows the temptation to reap in joy." Who is there among us regard our present surroundings as who does not know the significance of the most difficult and unlikely for sow- these words? Who is there who has ing the gospel seed with any hope of not experienced again and again what harvest, and he who, weighing these it means to be kept at the tas~ of considerations against the express command of his Lord, and against Sowing the seed with an aching heart, the great need of the world, conse- Sowing the seed till the tear-drops start. quently withholds his hand, is losing golden opportunities whose importance Opposition, misunderstanding, isois to be measured mainly by the fact lation, privation, and above all, that they never recur. ungracious reception, often cause the sower's heart to be at break- A very striking and significant Old ing-point, but then it is that he Testament ordinance with regard to is in closest fellowship with his Lord the sowing of the land must be laid and Master, who Himself, the Great to heart in this our work-"Thou shalt Sower, sowed not only His words but not sow thy field with mingled seed" His own life also as "a corn of wheat" (Lev. 19: 19). Its obvious meaning into the earth, with a view to the harfor us is as to the purity and character vest of which we ourselves are a small

part. And this fellowship in the sow- sees in us "of the travail of His soul" ing with tears is but an earnest and will forever compensate for all. Let pledge of that assured fellowship of this be our inspiration, when to conjoy when the sower and reaper re- tinue in the field seems almost imjoice together (John 4: 36). He it possible. Remember that "the joy is who will reap all that we have which was set before Him" and for sown, for to us is often lovingly de- which He "endured the cross despinied the joy of binding the sheaves sing the shame" is likewise set before together for the harvest home. He it us, and is forever our encouraging is who, estimating in the harvest the hope as we go out into the world's faithfulness and cost of the work of field, with the divinely-filled seedthe sower, will reward and repay for basket, scattering seed which shall bear everything which has made the service fruit,. "some thirty-, some sixty-, some hard, and caused those bitter tears an hundred-fold." Meanwhile we may with which often the seed has been "rejoice in hope of the glory of God," b~dewed. The glory of the harvest for we have the assurance that our joy and the satisfaction of Him who "labor is not in vain in the Lord."

THE PRESENT CRISIS IN MORAVIAN MISSIONS BY THE REV. PAUL DE SCHWEINITZ, D.D. Secretary of Missions for the Moravian Church in America The foreign mission work of the kening to its responsibilities. Hence Moravian Church has always been it came about that awakened Chris- given a hearty recognition and ap- tians in Great Britain and the Con- proval by the Christian world at large. tinent of Europe who felt the obliga- When the congregation at Herrn- tion to carry out the command of our hut was the only Moravian Church in Savior to preach the Gospel to all the the world, and numbered barely 600 world endeavored to do so through men and women-a large number of the channel of the Moravian Church.

them penniless immigrants from It should be remembered that Mo- Moravia-these people began foreign ravian missions differ from those of missionary work among the negro other denominations in that, from the slaves of the West Indian islands beginning even unto this day, they ( 1732), and since that day this Church have been carried on not by a mishas been carrying on its work in ever sionary society within the Church, but extending fields but with relatively by the whole Church itself as such.

the same inadequate home resources. The Moravians synodically recognize At that time no Protestant Church foreign missions as the wor~ of the was carrying on foreign missions sys- church, as one organic unity through- ~ematically and the missionary enter- out the world. The Mission Board is prise was represented only by sporadic elected by the General Synod of the efforts here and there. Not until six entire Moravian Brotherhood. It con- or seven decades after the beginning sists of five members, one of whom of the work by the Moravians did the . must be a German, one an English- Protestant world show signs of awa- man, one an American, and two

THE PRESENT CRISIS IN MORAVIAN MISSIONS

chosen from the Church at large, begun, which ordinarily the Church usually from the mission fields. As would not have dared to undertake. a matter of convenience, certain fields In the course of time many legacies may be administered from the nearest came to Moravian missions with stiphome province, but eventually the cen- ulations that the principal was to be tral international board is responsible funded. These have been accumufor everything and the accounting of lating during a century and a half and all funds is finally made to the central more, so that considerable income is treasury in Herrnhut. Each home now derived from this source. province has its own mission secretary, who serves without special salary Then large donations and bequests and furthers the work in every possi- were received with the condition that ble way, supervises the missions more they must be used specifically for new directly connected with that province, work and in fields which no other collects, disburses and accounts for Church would enter. In faith in the all contributions coming from his Lord these heavy responsibilities were province. assumed, and thus it has come about that while in Europe, Great Britain The absence of other foreign mis- and America there are only 201 Mosion agencies in the Protestant Church ravian congregations all told, includuring the eighteenth and earlier dec- ding even filial charges, which have adGs of the nineteenth century led no pastors of their own, in the foreign many earnest Christians on the con- field there are 272 stations and outtinent of Europe and in Great Britain stations and 744 preaching-places scatto do their share of this work through tered over fourteen different mission the agency of the Moravian Church. provinces; and while there is a total Thus, for example, in 1817 there was home membership of only 43,127, organized in England the London So- there is a foreign mission memberciety in Aid of Moravian Missions, ship of 102,381. which continues its beneficent work to this day, composed altogether of non- Now comes the critical change in Moravians, and devoting all its income the entire situation. At the present to Moravian missions. day every Protestant land teems with missionary societies and boards of Gifts to Moravian Missions every conceivable description, and none rejoice more than the Moravians The consequence of this historical at this great missionary awakening of development was, that in course of the Protestant Christian world; but time the Moravian Mission Board de- while the old supporters of Moravian rived a far larger income from sources missions remain loyal, as these pass outside of the church than from its away, it seems impossible to supply own church-membership, a condition their places. It has been necessary which exists to the present day. The for Moravians to depend more and Moravian Church has ever furnished more upon their own resources, but the missionaries, but a large part of these are inadequate for the extended the support has come from without work which has been so widely dethe Church. veloped.

Under the pressure of this kind of It appears that the Moravian support, mission after mission was

Church can no longer bear the burden. Mission, 324 per cent.; in the Nic- In 1907 the deficit was, in round num- araguan Mission, 47 per cent.; and bers, $64,000; in 1908, $72,000; and the number of ordained native minis- the present outlook is that the deficit ters increased almost 50 per cent. The of 1909 will be equally large. This Church prays that the fulness of the does not mean that the deficit of 1908 Gentiles may be gathered in; the includes the deficit of 1907, but in each prayer is being answered, the heathen case the figures represent an entirely are corning in, and alas! the Church new deficit in that particular year's is overwhelmed by the answer to its accounts. By strenuous efforts the own prayers.

combined deficits of 1907 and 1908, The second great cause for these $I36,000, have been reduced to about deficits lies in political and industrial $60,00:), but the new deficit keeps disturbances. It was confidently ex- piling up. When it is remembered pected that the West Indian missions that in order to avoid financial ruin would be self-supporting and in- the annual budget must be made up dependent by 1899, or surely by I909, in full and the deficit met in addition, but the industrial conditions caused and that there are only 43,0:):) men, by United States tariffs, as weII as by women and children all told in Europe, natural calamities, earthquakes, hurri- Great Britain and America to do it, canes, floods, and other uncontrollable then the apparent impossibility of the forces, have thrown the work back- task stands clearly revealed. ward. The Nicaraguan Mission on This is the more deplorable, be- the Mosquito Coast was fast approach- cause never in the history of the ing self-support when Nicaragua Church have the prospects for ex- seized the reserve in I 894, and since pansion been so bright; never have so then has carried on a systematic Illany tempting fields been open, never course of persecution, which has has the cry been so insistent to go doubled and quadrupled the cost of forward. To cut off dead or mortify- this mission. It was one of the most ing members is a proper surgical flourishing fields of the Church, and operation, but to cut off healthy, liv- no other church is working among ing members is a terrible thing. these creoles and Indians. The work These deficits, which are crushing in South Africa was practically self- the life out of Moravian missions, are . supporting. Then came the Boer not caused by less liberal giving but Tar, the rinderpest, etc., and now by causes, in addition to those out- this field is a heavy drain on the lined above, utterly beyond the con- Church. Labrador was entirely self- trol of any mission board. supporting, but now trade conditions The first of these is natural growth. have changed, and this field has added Most of the fields worked by the Mo- $10,000 to the annual budget. And ravian Church are occupied by no so on.

other board, and there is tremendous The third and most serious element pressure to go forward and possess in the situation is the one already em- the land. In the last decade the mem- phasized: the disproportion of the bership in the Himalayan Mission in- home membership to the work in the creased 88 per cent.; in the Nyasa foreign field. This has been recognized

PRESENT CRISIS IN MORAVIAN MISSIONS

as coming to be a terribly tragic mat- with figures, but with human souls, ter long ago. At the last General which have been purchased by the Synod the historic field of Greenland, blood of the Lord Jesus Christ, and which had been in the care of the which have been rescued from the Church since 1733 and which gript degradation of heathenism as the rethe very heart of the Church, was ward of His sufferings. none the less turned over to the Danish State Lutheran Church. The As a consequence of· its historical transfer was accomplished in the most development, the Moravian Church in fraternal manner imaginable. The most places is working where no other remnant of the historic work among board has gone. Hence, thus far all the Indians in Canada was transferred efforts to secure a society or board to the Methodist Church of Canada. willing to take over any of these Mo- The home membership woke up to the ravian fields have failed. To withnecessity of making additional efforts. draw without turning the field over In the decade 1898-1908, the gifts of to another board, means delivering the members of the continental these people back to the gloom and province of the Church increased 41 despair of heathenism, after the beper cent.; in Great Britain, 58 per ginning has been made at the excent.; in the American province, penditure of untold sacrifice. To con- North, 143 per cent.; in the American tinue means to plunge the entire work province, South, 237 per cent. But into bankruptcy. Surely the Moravian in spite of all these efforts, because of Mission Board is face to face with a the conditions enumerated, the deficits terrible crisis. have continued to roll up. This retrenchment is like killing the Vhen, therefore, the General Synod children you have borne and nursed of I909 met, it was realized that and reared. It is stopping natural radical steps must be taken to save growth. It is hurling the people back the mission work of the Church from into heathenism. complete bankruptcy. It was accordingly ordered, that the Mission In America there has never been Board must introduce retrenchments, any such organized support of Mowhich would bring about a reduction ravian Missions by non-Moravians as of the annual budget by about $50,000. on the continent of Europe, in Great It is very easy to write those words; Britain, and latterly in Australia. but it is reported that when the reso- There have been highly appreciated lution was finally passed, strong men contributions from American Chrisbroke down and wept. tians, but they have not played any great role in the missions of the Mo- It is also comparatively easy to issue ravian Church. This is not surprizing. such instructions to a mission board, Every American miSSion board but when it comes to carrying them naturally seeks to gain all the conout the problem becomes frightfully tributors for its own causes from its difficult. The board is dealing not own natural constituency.

MISSIONARY PATHFINDER OF

A SKETCH OF THE LIFE AND WORK OF REV. EGERTON R. YOUNG BY MISS LILLY RYDER GRACEY, ROCHESTER, N. Y.

The stories of the journeys and ad- cessful pastorate and a people who ventures of Rev. Egerton R. Young offered them love and every inducein the land of the Cree and Salteaux ment to remain among them and Indians of Canada never failed to journeyed for two months and a half charm an audience. His mode of to Norway House, their destination. living and his unique experiences among these redmen and the tales that On their arrival, Indians who had showed his intimate knowledge of become Christians through the prestheir habits and traditions would in- ence of other missionaries in their terest any listener. Dr. Young went country, crowded to see them, even among these crude people when they some pagan Indians dressing in their were untamed savages, but he recog- wild, picturesque costumes and going nized their stalwart characters and to greet and give a friendly welcome higher possibilities. He saw them to the newcomers. Dr. Young's field exchange savage rites for Christian enlarged until it extended north and worship and subdue their primitive south over five hundred miles, and in passions to conform to the teachings some directions was over three hunof Christ. dred miles wide. Indian camps and villages were visited in summer by This missionary pioneer and path- canoe and in winter with dog-trains. finder was as daring and dauntless as As his missions increased there were the people whom he went to serve. some so remote that he could go to In the spring of 1868, he and Mrs. them but twice a year, and the hard- Young made their first adventurous ships and deprivations endured on journey to the Northland. Leaving these journeys were very like those cars and steamboats behind them, they experienced by searchers for the North used horses and canvas-covered Pole. In winter he was obliged to wagons. At night they encamped sleep in holes dug in the snow with on the prairies, forded bridgeless temperature from thirty to sixty destreams, some of which took the party grees below zero. His companions three and four days to cross. Over were Indian runners and the twenty or routes where parlor-cars now carry more St. Bernard and Newfoundland travelers in luxurious comfort. this dogs that were used to draw his train caravan went in tedious marches, often of sleds. Without them the missiontaking off shoes and stockings as they ary expeditions could not have been bravely waded through wide streams. undertaken and, like Grenfell of Many days they traveled in frail Labrador, Dr. Young gave public canoes, manned by Indians, carrying tribute to the marvelous intelligence with them oxen whose bodies ex- and human instincts of these noble tended over the sides of the little animals. To their sagacity he more crafts. At night they went ashore than once owed his life. Miles of with their tents. They had left a field portages were made on these trips with where Dr. Young had enjoyed a suc- the camping outfit and canoes. Faces and feet were often bruised and the wondrous auroras, which Dr. bleeding from icy branches and ice- Young described as "dwarfing into inpinnacled paths. Attacks of illness significance man's mightiest pyrofrequently made these longer journeys technic displays."

EGE'RTON R. YOUNG Many of his guides and dog-drivers were Indians who had become Chrisadditionally wearisome and dangerous. tians and had the spirit of evangelists. Cold sweats would sometimes drench To some of these he paid the followthe blankets, which would then freeze ing fitting tribute: "Up the shining and become as stiff as leather. The trail, following the unerring Guide, faithful dogs cuddled at his side to they have gone beyond the auroras and furnish warmth, and when this ex- beyond the stars right to the throne pedient failed the Indians would build of God." a fire in the snow while the missionary undrest to his skin that he might As he journeyed over his vast terdry his clothes and warm his body be- ritory he met the Indians at their fore the roaring flames. More than council-fires, and asked their views of once typhoid-fever and other ills fol- God and inquired as to their willinglowed in the wake of these perilous ness to give up paganism for Chris- Journeys. tianity, and to send their children to school. Invariably, the pipe of peace Sometimes he traveled long di s- would be lit, and after the chief had tances to the north, where the sun and puffed at it, would be handed Dr. snow became so bright by day that he Young. Then the plans for chapel or was forced to travel by night. At sun- school would be discust and the work down he would break camp and both would be started. missionary and runners would speed along by starlight, stopping only at Sometimes the missionary was summidnight to cook and eat their frugal dinner. Often they were guided by MRS. EGJ::RTON R. YOU NG moned across great lakes to act as diplomat and representative of the English Government. Tact and ready wit were needed to answer the ques-

tionings as to why the steamboats build small houses for the sake of were rushing through their waters and tidiness and cleanliness. Fields were destroying their fisheries; or why the plowed, with clogs harnessed to imwhite hunters with guns and steel- provised plows and makeshift hartraps were killing off their game, and rows. The first crop of wheat was the surveyors driving stakes into their winnowed by the aid of Mrs. Young, ground. The Indians looked to Dr. who sewed sheets together to hold the Young to protect their treaty rights. grain as the wind blew away the chaff. He was an apt reader of Indian char- From such practical lessons as these acter, and felt deep human sympathy the Indians learned to help themwhich gave him a far-reaching in- selves. fluence and made his efforts among the different tribes have the effect of The Indian women became amtransforming the lives of those with bitious to keep house like "Ookemaswhom he came in contact. Wild and quas," as they called Mrs. Young. At savage Indians under his ministra- Sunday services the announcement tions and teachings became conse- was sometimes made that the miscrated Christians and aggressive sionary and his wife would take dinworkers among their own people. ner on stated clays with members of ~Where he had seen idols worshiped the congregation. At such times inamid horrid orgies, and had heard the teresting demonstrations would be yells, rattles and drums of old con- made in domestic science. On such jurers and medicine-men, he saw occasions Mrs. Young, who had her chapels erected and Indians as pastors own train of dogs, would precede her over flocks. In solitary wigwams and husband to the Indian home and take lonely hunting-camps the Christian with her a table-cloth, dishes and some Indians took such comfort in the provisions. The wife would receive a Bible ~ that nothing would have in- lesson in housekeeping and dinner duced them to leave it out of their would be served picnic style, for there packs. were, of course, no tables or other furniture. Among the practical evidences of the thoroughness and genuineness of Many miles a day were covered by changes wrought was the improve- the indefatigable Dr. Young and his ment in the family life. The sad no less energetic wife, as they visited sights common among degraded sav- the sick and sorrowing among their ages, such as the ill-treatment of different bands. Besides the heroic mothers, wives and sisters and the endurance of exile from civilization aged, gave place to the kindly ways and their primitive mode of living and happy homes that characterized among a wild people, they were the life of the transformed Indians. obliged to endure the hardship of 'Woman was uplifted from the de- being cut off from communication with graded place she held in all the tribes the rest of the world by post, except and was given a Christian position in twice the year. The routine of daily the home. One of the material life included the tiresome and even changes was effected by persuading nauseating diet of fish three times a the people to abolish wigwams and to day. This was only varied by the capricious luck of the hunter who

I9IO] THE MISSIONARY PATHFINDER OF CANADA

might chance to bring in venison or Young gave her Bible lessons, and some other game. The catch of fish marked a sheet of foolscap paper to for the year was necessarily enormous. make a calendar by which she could For their own family use and that of distinguish the Sundays, explaining to their dogs ten thousand fish must be her the sanctity of the Lord's day. As caught before winter set in. These she left the mission and pushed out in were piled up in November to be kept her canoe her last importunate request frozen until April. was that soon the missionary would visit her and her people in their own The success that rewarded the Jand. To her pleadings he replied: labors of these two workers for their "When the eagle moon is filling out, years of self-denial and hardships listen for the ringing of the misseems almost incredible. A people who sionary's sleigh-bells, for then will he were pagans, with superstitious beliefs be coming to see you and your people and debasing habits, became so with his dog train and guide." A few changed that they would come many months later the promise was fulfilled, miles over ice and snow to Christian by a night after night journey of two service, and between two and three weeks, over ledges of ice that overhundred at a time were often present hung the rapid waters of a great on a communion season. The little rIver. places of worship were erected in spite of tremendous difficulties. Men were The importunings of the people are employed all winter to cut down trees, also seen in another incident told with square the logs, saw the timber into eloquence and pathos by Dr. Young boards, make rafts, and then when in the following dialog: spring came to float them down the river to the spot selected for the mis- "Missionary," said a savage, stalsion village. Here every board was wart-looking Indian to him, "gray cut and prepared by hand. Parents hairs here, and grandchildren in the sometimes brought their little ones as wigwam, tell me that I am getting to much as two hundred miles to have be an old man; and yet I n'ever before them christened. The fame of Dr. heard such things as you have told Young and his teachings spread until LtS to-day. I am so glad I did not many individuals and sometimes die before I heard this wonderful whole bands of Indians sought him story. Yet I am getting old. Gray out to learn of the "Great Spirit" hairs here, and grandchildren yonder, about whom he told. One chieftainess tell the story. Stay as long as you can, who, with several of her followers, missionary; tell us much of these one summer came unheralded to visit things; and when you have to go the missionary and his wife, traveled away, come back soon." from her home several days' journey. She had heard from some fur-hunters "He turned as tho he would go about the missionary coming to live back to his place and sit down," said among the Indians and determined to Dr. Young in narrating the story, "but hear for herself. She prolonged her he only went a step or two ere he stay at the missionary's home two turned round and said: weeks, during which time Dr. and Mrs. " 'Missionary, may I say more?' "'Talk on,' I replied; 'I am here now to listen.'

"'You said just now,"Notawenan" people could hardly restrain their ex- (Our Father).' pressions of delight.

"'Yes, I did say, "Our Father.'" "The old man, however, had not yet "'That is very new and sweet to finished, and so, quietly restraining the us,' he replied. 'We never thought most demonstrative ones, he again of the Great Spirit as Father. We turned and said: heard Him in the thunder, and saw " 'May I say more?'

Him in the lightning and tempest and "'Yes, sayan; say all that is III blizzard, and we were afraid. So, your heart.'

when you tell us of the Great Spirit as "Then came his last question, which Father-that is very beautiful to us.' millions of weary souls dissatisfied "Hesitating a moment, he stood with their false regimes are asking: there, a wild, picturesque Indian; yet "'Missionary, I do not want to be my heart had strangely gone out in rude, but why has my white brother loving interest and sympathy to him. been so long time in coming with that Lifting up his eyes to mine again, he Great Book and its wonderful story?' "

said: Returning home after some years " 'May I say more?' . of labor, Dr. Young won fame as a "'Yes,' I answered; 'sayan.' lecturer and author. His inexhaustible "'You say, "Notawenan" (Our fund of information, ready wit, fine Father) ; He is your Father?' presence and an eloquent style, caused "'Yes, He is my Father.' him to be in great demand as a lec- "Then he said, while his eyes and turer in the United States, Canada, voice yearned for the answer: Great Britain and Australia. The " 'Does it mean He is my Father- late Grover Cleveland, after listening poor Indian's Father?' to one of his lectures on his thrilling " 'Yes, oh yes!' I exclaimed, 'He is missionary life, exclaimed that he your Father, too.' could listen to him for hours, and later "'Your Father-missionary's Fa- asked the missionary to be his guest ther-and Indian's Father, too?' he at the White House. Sir Charles repeated. Tupper stated on one occasion that Dr.

" 'Yes, that is true.' Young was Canada's best immigra- " 'Then we are brothers l' he almost tion agent.

shouted out. Dr. Young was the author of many " 'Yes, we are brothers,' I replied. books. Among them, "By Canoe and "The excitement in the audience Dog Train Among the Cree and Sal- had become something wonderful, and teaux Indians," "Stories from Indian when the conversation with the old Vigwams and Northern Camp Fires,"

man had reached this point, and in "On the Indian Trail," "Children of such an unexpected and yet dramatic the Forest," "The Apostle to the manner had so clearly brought out, North," "Algonquin Indian Tales,"

not only the Fatherhood of God, but "My Dogs in the Northland," and the oneness of the human family, the "The Boys in the Wild North Land."

MARTYRS OF OSMANlYE AND SAGH

BY STEPHEN VAN RENSSELAER TROWBRIDGE, AINTAB, TURKEY When the disturbances broke out in they set out upon the Adana road on Adana on April 14, twenty-one minis- the morning of April IS. In the after- ters of the Protestant churches of Cen- noon they were overtaken by a Chris- tral Turkey were on their way to the tian messenger, who warned them that annual meeting of the mission. These pastors and preachers had been chosen after much thought and consultation as representative Christian leaders who should come together for the ten days' devotional and business meet- ings. They were approaching Adana by two main caravan roads, one from the district of Hadjin, in the Taurus Mountains to the north, and the other from the cities of Aintab and Ouda on the east. The massacre commenced in all the towns and villages of the province and out upon the highway simultaneously with the attack by the Turkish mob in Adana. Nothing could be dearer than that a cruel plot had been made by the Turks, and with remarkable stealth and precision had been enjoined upon the entire Mo- PROF. SARKIS LEVONIAN hammedan population of the province. Not one of the pastors escaped. One of the martyrs of ATmenia The circumstances of their death as . there was danger of an attack by the well as the character of their lives are Moslems. It was too late in the day sufficient proof that they were slain, to return to Kozan, so they asked for not because the Turks felt racial or hospitality and protection at the political animosity, but because these mudir's house in the Circassian village heroic and peace-loving men were fol- of Sagh Gechid. The mudir in a Mos- lowers of Christ. In the hour of lem village is at the same time the threatening and peril they did not village chief and the government mag- deny His name; they did not surren- istrate. This mudir agreed to receive der themselves to become followers of the travelers as his guests, which, in Mohammed. So they paid the cost by the Orient, means the most sacred their lives, and were added to the pledge of life and property. A similar goodly company of men and women promise of protection was made by who have suffered martyrdom for the Haji Bey, another prominent Turk.

Savior. But the next day, at three o'clock in The Hadjin party was made up of the afternoon, these Christian guests seven pastors, four women and two were dragged out into the courtyard.

lay delegates. After spending vVed- The Turks first robbed them of their nesday night in the town of Kazan, goods, and then took them one by one

and cut their throats. After this they On Wednesday, the 14th, Rev. H. put to death in the same way the sev- Koundakjian (Hassan Beyli Church), enty-eight Armenian inhabitants of Rev. S. Hovhannessian (Kharne), the village, who, for years, had lived Takvor Khoja (Baghche), and Rev. as neighbors side by side with the Cir- G. Kupelian (Osmaniye) were killed cassians. The women and children hy Mohammedans as they were riding shared the same cruel death. Finally, along the road toward Adana. They the dead and wounded were piled to- were on the highway a few hours west gether into carts, were carried out to of Osmaniye. That night the caravan the edge of a deep ravine and were bringing the delegates from the eastthrown down the bank. All the ern part of the field, reached the town wounded except two died. One of of Osmaniye, and spent the night in these was the wife of Pastor Asdoor, the courtyard of the village church. of Fekke, who was killed. She was As yet there was no disturbance in severely wounded, but saved her life the town, tho alarming messages were by pretending to be dead, even tho the brought in at night. In the morning Moslems tore the earrings from her the Moslem mob surrounded the ears and stabbed her again and again. church shooting into the windows, and vVith wonderful courage she lay per- the following pastors, together with fectly still, and when all the mob had many friends and delegates, were gone away, she, together with a man forced to take refuge in the basement from Hadjin, crawled out from un- of the building in a low room with derneath the heap of dead bodies. vaulted roof: Working their way through the fields far from the road, they reached Kazan Giragos Zhamgotsian, Severek. the next day and told the dreadful Setrak Ekmekjian, First Church, Ourfa. news. The names of the pastors and their churches are as follows: Jurgis Shammas, Syrian Protestant, Istilion Arslanides, First Church, Had- Ourfa. jin. Zakariah Bedrossian, Garmouch. N erses Kouyoumjian, Adiaman. Levon Soghomonian, Second Church, Nazaret Heghinian, Third Church, Hadjin. Marash. Asdoor Topalian, Fekke. Ardashes Boyajian, Shar. Among the delegates was Prof. Melidon Malyan, Kozan. Sarkis Levonian of Central Turkey Samuel Bedrossian, Kara Keoy. College. The mob set fire to the Abraham Seferian (lay preacher), church and as the flames grew fiercer Yere Bakan. and the smoke filled the basement, Constantin Siyahian, Kars. Mary, the teacher of the School for the Blind in Ourfa, ran out from' the One of the women who suffered church and plead for her life. She death was house-mother in the mis- was carried off to the government sionary orphanage in Hadjin. An- house and afterward made her way to other was one of the foremost mem- Adana. But the heartless mob closed bers in the Kozan church, known in ur!on the men in the basement of throughout the community "for her the church, shooting any who apkindness of heart and her pure and peared at the entrance. The last holy life." sound which was heard from the little

THE MARTYRS OF OSMANIYE AND SAGH GECHID

company before the walls and roof ural scientific instincts, but rather his fell in was a prayer offered by the large-hearted and large-minded manwhite-haired and saintly pastor Gi- hood which drew the students to him, ragos. He reached out his hands in and which commanded the respect and blessing to his comrades and in appeal affection of his associates. As an to God. This scene was described by evangelist, he had that rare spiritual Mary of Ouria, the only one of the power which filled the congregation caravan who escaped. Two pastors with the immediate message and presjourneying from the Marash field and ence of Christ. His vacations were the pastors of the Hamiedie and AI- waited for by the churches that they bustan churches suffered in like man- might secure him to preach on weekner at the hands of the Turks. day nights to the crowds of common people. His penetration and good It is difficult to describe in terms of sense in counseling the impetuous Arsufficient for~ and earnestness the menian students in college frequently lives of these men. They lived with transformed their foolish nationalism an apostolic simplicity, and yet they into a sincere and thoughtful patriotwere far from being monastic; they ism. He was indeed a man of remarkloved all men with the deep friendship able gifts and of a most iovable which they learned from daily fellow- disposition. The educated and proship with their Master; they were gressive Turks in Aintab were much courageous and faithful at their posts attached to him. amid frequent persecution and under the stress of poverty. They had had The life of Pastor Ha:gop of Has- "trial of mockings and scourgings, yea, san Beyli, would be well worth remoreover of bonds and impl;ison- cording in full. He was a mountainment." They were cheerful and hope- eer from childhood and understood ful-traits rarely found in the Ar- and loved the homely habits of the menian nature. They were known villagers. For thirty years he served everywhere for their integrity and for in that parish, always ready to go over thoughtful kindness to the poor. Dur- the mountains to the lonely hamlets, ing eleven years spent in America, I where no other messenger of the gosnever found a group of Christian pas- pel ever went. He taught the people tors who were so thoroughly conse- to build their "homes of stone in the crated to the great work of saving midst of gardens and orchards instead men. In a country where constitution- of in crowded blocks of mud dwellal government is not yet com- ings. His sons are now doing eminent prehended and is desired by the more service in the ministry and in mediintelligent only, these pastors had been cine in other parts of Central Turkey.. for a lifetime putting into practise But two days after the mob slew the the principles of brotherhood and de- pastor, they came with hue and cry mocracy which are inherent to the upon Hassan Beyli itself, scattered the true Christian Church. villagers into the clefts of the moun- tains, sacked and burned the houses Professor Sarkis Levonian was, in and destroyed the church. Not being many senses, a leader in the college at satiated with this, they followed the Aintab. It was not simply his educa- fugitives relentlessly and put many of tion in the United States, nor his nat-

them to death in the most barbarous several Moslem inquirers were commanner. ing to talk with them about the life and message of the Messiah. All of The pastors from Garmouch and these pastors were by word and deed Adiaman had been recently ordained. loyal and obedient to the Ottoman In November, 1908, I made the jour- Government. ney to these churches for the services of ordination. The chairman of our How shall we interpret the loss of committee was the veteran of this such good men? Is it true, as many field, Pastor Giragos, who was among of the Armenians feel in their disthe slain at Osmaniye. I shall never tress, that God has forsaken His peoforget the tender and earnest charge pie? Or may we believe, as others aswhich he gave to the Adiaman congre- sert, that God is purging His church? gation. His face was radiant with Do· not these losses mean much more cheerfulness as he exprest his wish than that? As I reflect upon the moral that the new pastor might enjoy the caliber and the high ideals of these favor and loyalty of his people. His men, my conviction grows stronger and benediction at the close of the service stronger that these sacrifices are the left the congregation hushed with a price which must be paid for the sursense of peacefulness and mercy. vival of the Christian faith in the very midst of the Mohammedan world. Everyone of the churches which The fury of the attack upon the Osthese men s'erved had come forward maniye church was not primarily due steadily toward self-support. Ouda to the lust of plunder. What goods First Church had, some years ago, or wealth had these village pastors reached that point. The Ouda Syrian that. the mob might covet? The mocongregation twenty years ago was a tive was not one of political or racial little handful of people whose preacher bigotry or suspicion. Where, in the was engaged and paid by the mission- empire, could you find more loyal and aries. Now the church has come for- more friendly citizens? It was an atward into self-government and has re- tack on the Christian religion. These cently experienced two deep move- martyrs will take their places along ments of spiritual awakening. Last with those Christians of Uganda and winter the people began to give thank of China who laid down their lives offerings in order to prepare for the rather than deny their Lord and Masenlargement of the church building. ter. Ours is that solemn joy of which Abraham Lincoln wrote to a mother Some of these pastors who were whose five sons had been slain upon killed at Osmaniye were deeply inter- the battle-field in the Civil War-that ested in the extension of the Gospel solemn joy "to have laid so costly a among the Moslems. Patient and fre- sacrifice on the altar of freedom." quent efforts to influence Turks had Their blood has not been shed in vain. been made, especially by Pastors Giragas and Shammas, with the result that

SEATED OVER TRENCH FOR THE SACRIFICIAL

PURIFICATION BY BLOOD IN WEST AFRICA BY REV, WM. M. DAGER, ELAT, KAMERUN, WEST AFRICA The people of West Africa believe stituted plantain leaves for their ordithat sickness is due to some occult nary garments. cause, so they make "medicine" in each particular case to find and remove As I came into town the men were the cause of the sickness. On a re- having a "palaver" and seemed rather cent trip to Metet I passed through disconcerted to have a white man ara town where they were making "So" rive just at that time. Some went off medicine to cure a man who had been and conferred together, but soon came ailing for several months. It was mid- back and began to distribute the food. day and the emaciated sick man was I told them that I was not a physician, reclining against a rest made from a but I would like to speak with them forked branch of a tree. He was hold- when they had finished. After the ing a plantain leaf over his head as a noonday meal was over, the men proprotection from the heat of the sun ceeded with their ceremony. The sick and in front of him was a narrow man was seated at the head of the trench about six inches wide, six trench and the women sat on plantain inches deep, and forty feet long. The stocks placed over the trench. They ground sloped gently toward the head were so close that they had to sit of the trench where there were two spoon fashion. Thirty-nine women earthen pots of "medicine," one hold- and the sick man had each one foot of ing about a gallon and the other three space. In the liRe were two mothers gallons. Near by were ten or twelve with infants in their arms and about baskets full of food prepared for a half-dozen girls, the others being those gathered for the ceremony. The mature women. All were wives and women were at one side and had sub- were going through the ordeal be- cause their husbands had so com-

manded them. The women wele sus- the "So" society. She confest that pected by their husbands of having she had murdered and put a slave in done something which might have the grave. The slave was an initiated been the cause of the sickness. member of the "So" society, and this When the women were all seatea, was supposed to be the cause of the the medicine-man took a segment of affliction. After e,ach confession, the two vines which had twined themselves medicine man chanted a half-dozen about each other, symbolical of the meaningless, cabalistic phrases.

way the evil spell had wound itself Then they brought a kid and held about the sick man. The pieces @f it directly over the head of the sick vine were about a yard and a half man while they cut its throat and let long, and after separating them, as a the blood spurt all over him. They sign of the disengaging of the spell then passed up and down the line, let- from the victim, the medicine-man ting the blood come on the _heads of gave two ends to an assistant while everyone of the women, some of he himself retained the other ends. whom seemed to feel the need of They were then rubbed back and forth cleansing, for they wanted to have the while a weird incantation was recited. blood come upon them. Some shrank This mysterious observance has a away as the warm blood spurted out, strong hold upon the people, and they but when they came to the woman who dread doing anything that may bring had murdered her slave, she turned calamity to others and involve possible her face upward to receive the full discovery and punishment to them- benefit of it. The men paused and selves. passed on only when her face and Soon a dozen of the women and shoulders were covered with blood.

the man himself made confession of What a revelation of the workings of violation of some of the prohibitions conscience! What a groping in the put upon the people by the fraternity darkness for some ray of hope!

called "So." Next they took the large pot of Most of these confessions were il- medicine, and with a sop of bark and lustrative of the depravity of human leaves they sprinkled the medicine nature. One was pathetic. A mother over the sick man, and each woman who had lost two children confest that, in turn washed off the blood with the contrary to their custom, her husband medicine. The other pot of medicine was of the same tribe as she. This was poured into the trench, and each was supposed to have been the cause woman was expected to gather up of the death of the children. She some of it in her hand as it flowed past asked that the spell be removed so and cleanse her body with it.

that her unborn child might be spared. Then the women stood up one at a Another confession opened the door of time, each taking with her the piece heathen darkness and let us get a of plantain stock on which she had glimpse of vices of paganism in all its been sitting, lest she bring upon others ghastliness. Another woman of good a spell similar to the one they were physique, middle-aged, said that she seeking to remove. All were supposed had participated in the burying of her to run to some stream in which they husband, in violation of the custom of bathe and return clothed in their ordi-

PURIFICATION BY BLOOD IN WEST AFRICA

nary garments. The sick man was taken internally. Then I showed the carried away. If he should not re- uselessness of what they were doing, cover, it would be thought to be be- in that there was no relation between cause the real cause of his sickness the sickness and what they claimed to had not been con fest and removed, or be the cause of it, nor was there any because some one had not gone reason to expect a cure by their through with his part of the observ- method. I explained that we came to ance properly. tell them of a better and more rea- sonable way of life. I told them of After the ceremony was concluded, THE EMBLEM OF THE {(so" SOCIETY, WEST AFRICA my opportunity came to talk. I told the sacrifices of the Jews, and exhow our physicians gathered knowl- plained how they pointed to Christ. edge of medicines from all over the Then I spoke to them about the Savior, world, and wherever they found a the Lamb of God, whose blood cleanses medicine which was effective, they us from all sin, and tried to tell would study its effect upon the body. that old story so simply and plainly I told them that many of the native that the words would bear fruit. herbs and barks were good for medicine and that they were generally The people listened attentively and seemed to desire to hear more.

ISSIONS MEANS THE IND, THE OTIVE, THE IGHT OF THE ASTER ULTIPLIED BY HIS ESSENGERS.

STEWART, OF

BY REV. JOHN T. FARIS, PHILADELPHIA, PA.

"We have nailed the flag of Africa to our mast, and there it must remain till God Himself takes it down."-Letter of JAMES STEWART, 1875.

"Doctor Stewart and General Gor- captivated by the volume that for a don were to me the two greatest long time he could talk of little else; heroes of the age-the saintly servants his fellow students, who had called of God and of Queen Victoria-the him "Long Stewart," because of his Elijah and Joshua of modern times," height, now gave him the name "Stew- said a steamship captain who many art Africanus."

times carried James Stewart between Stewart began his ministry in the England and Africa. This statement home land, but it was not long before would have been endorsed by thou- he heard the definite call to cross the sands who followed the missionary in sea, and in 1859 he proposed to the his wonderful work during nearly half Foreign Mission Committee of the a century. Free Church that he be sent to Africa The first impulse to become a for- to do missionary work in the region eign missionary was received when made famous by Livingstone. As the young Stewart-then fifteen years old committee felt 'unable to assume the -was following the plow in Perth- responsibility, he organized among his shire. "Leaning on the stilts of the friends "The New Central African plow, he began to brood over his fu- Committee," composed of eighteen ture. What was it to be? The ques- men, "with the view of turning to prac- tion flashed across his mind-,-'might tical account the discoveries of Living- I .not make more of my life than by stone, and to open a new mission in remaining here ?' He straightened Central Africa." The initial expenses himself and said, 'God helping me, I were largely paid from contributions will be a missionary.''' On another solicited by himself, supplemented by occasion, while out hunting with his the gift of his entire inheritance. Then cousins, he said, "Jim, I shall never he gave himself-for he was the man be satisfied till I am in Africa with a chosen by the committee to go to Bible in my pocket and a rifle on my Africa to look over the ground. shoulder to supply my wants." * Stewart's indomitable perseverance Years of business training, necessi- carried him through obstacles in the tated by the desire to help his father, face of which many a man would per- and to provide for his own education, haps have turned his back forever on gave him invaluable preparation for the mission field. He was expecting the life to which he was looking for- to accompany Mrs. Livingstone from ward and taught him to make the most Durban to the Zambesi on a brig char- of his opportunities. In school he was tered to carry another mission party to not a prize-winner, but he devoted a neighboring field, but strenuous ef- himself diligently to the studies which forts were made to persuade him that he felt would be most useful to him. he was not wanted by Livingstone and While a student in the Divinity Hall that he would better return to Eng- of the Free Church of Scotland, he land. When Mrs. Livingstone assured read and made a careful analysis of him that her husband would welcome the life of Livingstone. He was so him and declared to the captain that * "Stewart, of Lovedale." By James Wells. Fleming H. Revell Co. she would not sail unless Mr. Stewart mittee of the Free Church, "for such was permitted to accompany her, he a man as Dr. Stewart there are no inpaid no further attention to the pro- superable obstacles in the way." tests of those who would detain him. During a brief stay at home he com- For five weeks the delay, the efforts pleted his medical course, and gained to pursuade him that he was on a some valuable experience in work in fool's errand, and the assaults on his the churches. Then he was sent by character continued. The time was the Free Church to the missionary inspent in conducting Gospel meetings stitute in Lovedale, Cape Colony, and and gathering information that might there for three years-until 187o-he be of value to him later. Always his labored under Dr. Govan, the princicomfort was gained in reading the pal. When he was free to work out Bible and in prayer. Once he wrote in his own plans the wonderful develophis journal: ment of the institution began. His aim-which was thought visionary by Make me patient under calumny, most people-"was to uplift the native whether it be at home or abroad. Give by touching him at every point, inme patience to labor at details as much structing him in all the arts of civilas if they were the highest work Let ized life and fitting him for all Chrisme not get disappointed with the opposi- tian duties." tion that may be thrown in the way. If it shall prove not to be Thy call to labor One of the first steps was to dishere, help me to take the lesson Thou continue the teaching of Latin and givest for my good. Help me to be con- Greek, the study of English as the tent with Thy work in me if not by me, classic being substituted. Another inand out of all vexation and trial it has novation was that the native pay tuibrought, only let my heart be brought tion fees. Many prophesied failure, nearer Thee. but the fees were soon paid without complaint. Little by little the oppor- Consecrated perseverance conquered. tunity for industrial education was At last he reached Livingstone and presented, Dr. Stewart's idea being to received a welcome that repaid him for give "a practical training for brain, all he had suffered. After a season eye, hand and heart." Business men with the great explorer, he pushed on of the colony and relatives and friends into the forests on his own account, at home furnished the funds required supporting his party by his rifle, fre- for new buildings, which were erected quently nearly dying from fever, and by artizans brought from Scotland. in constant danger of a violent death. The Scotsman in 1899 insisted that The fame of Lovedale spread. In this expedition should be recognized 1873 the Fingoes, living one hundred as sharing with Livingstone the hon- miles to the northeast, appealed to Dr. or of opening the way for the abo- Stewart to give them a similar school, lition of the slave-trade in Central promising to raise :£1,000 if he Africa. would do as much. The promise was more than kept, five-shilling contribu- On his return to Scotland after two tions being received from each Fingo and a half years of wandering, Stew- until £I>450 was heaped up before the art reported that the mission project missionary. "There are the stones; was possible. Livingstone himself wrote to the Foreign Mission Com-

now build!" said a Fingo orator, point- for mission buildings, and superintend- ing to the money. Returning to Scot- ing their erection. Perhaps one of the land, Dr. Stewart raised the needed most important results of the trip was money, and on his return the natives the conception and outlining of the doubled their subscription. Thus "African Lakes Corporation, Ltd.,"

Blythswood was built at a cost of which should conduct stores near the more than £7,000. The debt of £1,600, principal mission stations of Living- remaining on the property, was paid stonia. This corporation has proved a in 1878 by voluntary offerings of five decided help in opening the country shillings by men most of whom lived and carrying on the mission work.

in little beehive huts. On November 26, 1877, the Lord's As a result of this institution, twen- Supper was first celebrated on Lake ty-two years later it was declared that Nyasa, and a few weeks later Dr.

the Fingoes of Transkei, among whom Stewart returned to Lovedale, leaving Blythswood was located, were "half Livingstonia in charge of Dr. Robert a century ahead of their countrymen Laws. Since then only one generation in wealth, material progress, agricul- has passed, but the savages have be- tural skill, sobriety, and civilized habits come civilized. "The war dresses of of life, both in food, clothing and the wild Angoni have long ago rotted dwellings." on the village trees, or been sold as During Dr. Stewart's visit to Scot- curios to travelers. These bloody land and England, he took part in the men are now messengers of the Prince burial of Livingstone's body in West- of Peace, evangelizing the villages minster Abbey. Later, when it was they used to raid." In 1897 a mission- proposed to erect a monument to the ary told of having seen a field of memory of the missionary explorer, he wheat at Mwenzo, and added, "The insisted that the monument should be Ngoni were reaping it with their a mission in N yasaland, in the region spears. Not one of these assagais is which he had explored twelve years now used for war. They have beat before, and that it should be called the iron of some into hoes, which are Livingstonia. The proposition struck the native plowshares. With these the popular fancy; soon £20,000 spears they cut their grain and prune were in hand, given in response to Dr. their trees."

Stewart's personal appeals. Then he At Lovedale Dr. Stewart once more was persuaded that it was his duty to devoted himself to building up the go and open up the new field. school, which had now become almost Work at Blythswood prevented his a university. The range of education joining the first party that went out given was from the alphabet to the- with the little steamer Ilata to Lake ology, and every form of industrial Nyasa, and he delayed his journey till activity that would be helpful to the the summer of 1876, when he led a natives was given a place in the busy party of Europeans and natives to the school. Of course the natives were Murchison Cataract and on to Lake not eager for work and their attitude Nyasa. For eighteen months he re- was illustrated by a new pupil, who de- mained there, exploring, winning his clared that the first commandment way with the savages, choosing a site was, "Thou shalt do no work." But

JAMES STEWART, OF LOVEDALE

Dr. Stewart set them the example by ful Christian influence throughout all working with his own hands at the that region. Guests were entertained tasks they dreaded most. It was a there freely; it came to be unusual to common thing to see him throw off have a day or even a meal go by with- his coat and show a Kafir how to out at least one visitor. One guest make a straight furrow. It was his wrote: "It was Mrs. Stewart's kind- ambition to show the natives-whose ness and winsome graciousness which "highest achievement was to build a made the principal's house the most beehive hut, and that was the work of hospitable in South Africa."

the women !"-how to do any work re- His life won to the cause of mis- quired of them, and this as a nec- sions many who had been indifferent essary part of training them in and even scoffers. He would not ar- Christian character. Most mission- gue with them, but they could not aries would have thought the school resist the argument of his life. One was enough of a burden for one man, man to whom Dr. Stewart sold a but Dr. Stewart preached regularly, horse-soon afterward returning the built a hospital, did a vast amount of price when he learned of the animal's medical missionary work, wrote books, death-offered to be of any service to edited a newspaper, and was busy at the mission, tho he had before de- various other things. clared he had no use for missions.

No wonder he was the man chosen Thus, in active, earnest service, the to establish a new mission in what is years passed until December 21, 1905, now the East African Protectorate. when, at the age of 76, the worker He was at home on his first real fur- was called home. He was buried in lough in twenty-four years when the Sandili Kop, overlooking Lovedale.

request came in 1891; long before the The simple inscription over his grave .end of the year he was in Africa once reads: more, leading an expedition through a JAMES STEWART difficult country to the river Kibwesi, MISSIONARY near Kilimanjaro. There the new sta- There is no more significant com- ment on Dr. Stewart's life than his tion was opened. • With the exception of the months own words, spoken in a meeting at taken for a visit to Scotland in 1898 Lovedale, when he heard something in order to perform his duties as mod- said about the sacrifices made by mis- erator of the Free Church General As- sionaries.

sembly, Dr. Stewart spent the remain- Sacrifice! What man or woman can ing twelve years of his life at Love- speak of sacrifice in the face of Calvary? dale, placing the school on a still bet- What happiness or ambition or refine- ment has anyone given up in the service ter basis, erecting new buildings, es- of humanity to compare with the sacrifice tablishing new industries and sending of Him who "emptied Himself and took out hundreds of men and women to upon Himself the form of a servant"? teach others how to work with the hands and how to live for Christ. "It made some of us feel rather ashamed of our heroics," said one who Not only was the school an influence heard him, "for we knew that, if ever for good, but Dr. Stewart's home was a man since Livingstone had a right a center from which radiated a he1p- to speak like that, it was Dr. Stewart."

CENSUS OF RELIGIOUS BODIES

CHRISTIANITY IS GAINING GROUND IN THE UNITED STATES There were in the United States in ern Orthodox churches, 315; German Evangelical Synod, 245, and the 1906, the period of the fifth United Protestant bodies, as a whole, 104, the latter being less than one-ninth the States census of religious bodies in average number for the Catholic Church. this country, according to the pub- CQMPARATlVE STANDING OF RELIGIOUS HOOlES IN THE lished bulletin, 186 religious denom- UNITED STATES, 1906 inations, 212,230 local religious or- The Increaae in Denominations ganizations, 32,936.445 church-mem- Between 1890 and 1906, 12 denom- inations ceased to exist, 4 were consolbers, and $1,257,575,867 invested in idated with others, and 4 disappeared through changes in classification, leavchurch edifices. The following table ing 125 denominations reported both in 1890 and 1906. By division of deshows the standing of the denom- nominations 13 new denominations were caused, II were the result of iminations: migration, and most of the remainder (37) were the results of the organiza- COMMUNI· tion of entirely new cults. There are 164 Protestant bodies, the Roman DENOMINATION CAN1'S OR INCREASE Catholics, the Jews, the Latter-day Saints (2), the Eastern Orthodox MEMBERS, OVER Churches (4), and 14 others, inclu- ding Armenians, Bahais, Buddhists, 1906 1890 Shakers, the Amana Society, the Polish National Church, the Society Roman Catholic Church …… 12,079,142 5,837,434 for Ethical Culture, the Spiritualists, Methodist bodies ………… 5,749,838 1,160,554 the Theosophists, and the Vedanta So- 1,949,766 ciety, a total of 181 denominations. Baptist bodies …………… 5,662,234 Lutheran bodies…………. 2,112,494 881,422 Protestants Are Increasing 552,704 Presbyterian bodies ………. 1,830,555 501,308 Of the larger Protestant bodies only Disciples or Christians. ~. …. 1,142,359 354,894 three show a decline, viz., the Chris- 187,709 tians (Christian Connection), 3.2 per Protestant Episcopal Church.. 886,942 140,056 cent. loss; United Brethren, 4.9 per 70,769 cent. loss; Universalists, 11.5 per cent. Congregationalists ………. 700,480 loss. The Jewish congregations have Reformed bodies…… … …. 449,514 105,705 90,522 United Brethren bodies….. . 296,050 41,467 German Evang. Synod of 129,006 North America ……….. . 293,137 6,564 Latter-day Saints ……….. . 256,647 Evangelical bodies ………. . 174,780 6,395 Eastern Orthodox Churches .. 129,606 Friends ••……………… 113,772 23,349 Christians (Christian Connec- 32,244 76,993 tion) ……………….. 110,117 60,313 Dunkers, or German Baptist 2,793 Brethren ……………. . 97,144 14,964 13,257 Adventist bodies ………… . 92,735 Church of Christ, Scientist. .. 85,717 Ind.epe!,dent churches .•…: .• 73,673 UmtarIans ……………. . 70,542 U niversaIists ….. , …….. . 64,158 Mennonite bodies . …. _….. . 54,798 Among Protestants, the Methodist bodies rank first in number of mem- bers, with 5,749,838, or 17.5 per cent. of the total, and the Baptist bodies come next, with 5,662,234 members, or 17.2 per cent. These two families together constitute somewhat more than one-third of the entire Protestant membership of the country. If to these be added the Lutheran bodies with 2,II2,494 members, the Presbyterian bodies with 1,830,555 members, the Disciples (or Christians) with 1,142,359 members-each containing more than a million members-the five bodies combined include r6,497,- 480 members, or fully one-half (50.2 per cent.) of the membership of all religious bodies in the United States and more than four-fifths (81.3 per cent.) of all Protestant bodies.

The Catholic Church reported the highest number of communicants or members per organization, 969; Eastgrown from 533 organizations in 1890 capacity has kept pace with the into 1,769 organizations to-day. The crease of population, the capacity re- Adventists have risen from 995 or- maining a little more than 69 per cent. ganizations in 1890 to 1,189; the Bap- of population. Protestant edifices tists have a great gain of Il,971 or- have an average seating capacity of ganizations since the last census; the 317, Roman Catholic of 436. Protes- Primitive Baptists, 612 organizations tants can accommodate three times the increase; Free Will Baptists, 441; average membership, while Roman Northern Baptists, 370. The Christian Catholics have a membership of al- Science Church has had a rapid most two and one-fourth larger than growth. from 221 organizations in the seating capacity. 1890 to 638, a gain of 188.7 per cent. The Lutherans have increased from Catholic Majority in Sixteen States 8,595 to 12,703, or 47.8 per. cent.; the Methodists (including all organiza- In 29 States a majority of the tions of the Methodist Church) have church-members or communicants are added 13,212 organizations in the same Protestants; in 16 States the Catholics period; the Presbyterians report an have a majority, and in one State the increase of 2,035 organizations, which Latter-day Saints. The States where includes the growth of both of the the Catholic communicants outnumber large wings of the Presbyterian the Protestants are New Mexico, Church. The number of churches re- Rhode Island, Montana, Massachuported by all the religious denomina- setts, Nevada, Arizona, New York, tions has increased 47,079 since 1890. New Hampshire, Louisiana, Connec- ticut, California, Vermont, Maine, Males Only 43.1 Per Cent New Jersey, Wisconsin, Michigan. This preponderance, however, is more Of the total number of members re- apparent than real, for the reason that turned by sex, 43.1 per cent. were male the Catholic returns take in alI who' and 56.9 per cent. female. But for the have been baptized, including even Protestant bodies only 39.3 per cent. children, whereas the Protestant rewere male, while for the Roman Cath- turns deal with none under 12 or IS olics and the Latter-day Saints the years. In Georgia, Alabama, Missismembership was almost equally di- sippi, Virginia and South Carolina a vided between the sexes. Lutherans majority of the communicants are Bapshowed 46.1 per cent. males, Meth- tists; while the Methodists hold a maodists and Baptists 38.5 per cent. each, jority in Delaware, the Lutherans in Presbyterians 37.9 per cent., and North Dakota, the Disciples in Ken- Protestant Episcopals 35.5. Christian tucky, Congregationalists in Vermont Scientists had only 27.6 per cent. and and Episcopalians in the District of the Shakers 21.3 per cent. males. Columbia.

Eight New Churches Each Day Numbers of Ministers There was an increase of 5°,308 The census of the ministry shows a church edifices since 1890, repre- total for alI denominations of 164,830 senting approximately 60 new edifices ministers, an increase of 53,794 since a week. The total 192,795 edifices had the last census. Of these 146,451 are a seating capacity of 58,536,830, an Protestant, 15,177 Catholic, and 3,202 increase of 14,976,767, or 34.4 per represent other bodies. The Baptists cent. The seating capacity reported lead the Protestant list with 43,790 for Protestants was 53,282,445, for ministers, Methodists 39,737, Presby- Roman Catholics 4.494,377, and for terians 12,456, Disciples 8,741, and alI others 760,008. Protestants and Lutherans 7.841. The Protestant Roman Catholics had the same in- ministry increased 47 per cent. since crease (about 33 per cent.) in seating the last census, the Catholic 65 per capacity. The increase in the seating cent. The Christian Scientists have 1,276 ministers, as against 26 in 1890.

Our Sunday-school Army scholars, Presbyterians 1,5 II, 175 schol- ars, Congregationalists 638,089 schol- An interesting part of the census ars, Disciples 634,5°4 scholars, Ludeals with the Sunday-schools. In aJl, therans 782,786, Jews 13°,085. 192,000 Sunday-schools were reported, with 1,746,074 officers and teachers, Church·members Increased More Rapidly and a great army of 15,337,8II Than Population scholars. These figures do not include the mission Sunday-schools main- Of the total estimated popUlation in tained by some churches. Moreover, 1906, 39.1 per cent. were church-mem- 14,508 of the schools reported are un- bers. The corresponding percentage denominational and union, therefore for 1890 was 32.7, so that the increase unattached to any particular church. was 6.4 per cent. The relative gain Of the whole number, 165,128 Sunday- was divided among the three main schools belong to Protestant churches classes as foHows: Protestants 1.8, and II,172 to Catholic churches. The Roman Catholics 4-4, and all others to- Methodists come first with 57464 gether one-tenth of I per cent. Sunday-schools, Baptists next with 43,178, Presbyterians 14452, Luth- The Census Shows Progress of Chri.- erans 9,450, Disciples 8,078; these five tianity denominations having more than fourfifths of all the Protestant Sunday- The Census shows clearly that schools and nearly three-fourths of Christianity is not losing ground in the total number. . The Protestant the United States. The Gospel is being more widely preached. The bodies have 1,564,821 officers and country is more strongly Christian and teachers, the Catholic Church 62470 the people are more strongly and officers and teachers; the Protestants numerously attached to the Christian have I3,018434 scholars, Catholics Church than ever before. Protestant- 1481,535 scholars. The Methodists ism in the United States is not decaycome first denominationally, with ing as far as numbers are concerned, 4472,930 scholars, Baptists 2,8g8,914 as some are trying to demonstrate, or growing weaker, but it is progressing.

MISSION PROBLEMS OF THE WORLD * BY BISHOP H. H. MONTGOMERY, D.D. Secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel It may be as well if I first enumerate 3. T:.ere is no part of the world some axioms before I attempt to put which is not now tainted by the evils mission problems in some sort of inherent in so-called Christian races. order of merit. If these axioms are indisputable, then what follows may 4. It is doubly necessary, therefore, be reasonable. At all events, some to follow up the evil with the good, to agreement on first principles often place Gospel truth beside the evil. clears the air, and if mission workers are divided in opinion, it may be that 5. Races of the world act and react they are really divided in regard to on each other more and more freely, first principles. and such action is either good or evil.

Seven Axioms 6. If you neglect a race, your sin of omission reacts upon yourself. You I. The Gospel is good news for will suffer from evil because of your man, which it is our duty to spread omission to elevate that race. throughout the world. 7. We have no right to say that in 2. The world has become one, no God's sight one race is more imlonger to be treated in water-tight portant than another. compartments . Based upon such principles, how can we place world problems in the • Condensed from The East and The West. order of their importance to-day? For opportunity of doing so. Therefore example, what continent to-day seems British Christians ought to give India to us to demand most attention? all the good they can. The Christian The first answer seems to be that nation has destroyed the old faith of there are spheres of Christian work India by secular government schools which run in equal and parallel lines. and Western knowledge, therefore For example, the evangelization of ought not to leave the "chamber non-Christian races stands in impor- empty, swept and garnished." Christance side by side with the preserva- tians have poured much of the Gospel tion of Christendom as it extends its into India, but have not yet given it a Church natural to the soil. The way borders. must be shown to build up self-gov- In regard to this duty of preserva- ernment on safe lines, and England should lead the way by dealing first tion I do not think we need very with the things of the Spirit. closely distinguish between white and colored races, between races long China contains the largest populaevangelized and those recently con- tion of anyone kingdom in the world. verted. The two parallel lines of im- It is homogeneous and independent. portance may generally be defined as It is situated wholly in temperate reevangelization and edification. If gions, speaking generally. It is a these are parallel in importance, we highly civilized race and increasing in can take first one, then the other, numbers. Being independent it is a starting from the same point each somewhat incalculable world force. time. Over each as a general motto No one knows what China may do may be written, "The Christian Atti- some day outside its own regions. It tude of Race Toward Race Through- is imbibing Western knowledge as fast out the World." as it can. Is it to get only secular and anti-Christian knowledge? Christian 1. Evangelization. What continent nations have drenched China with stands first to-day in importance? All, evils-With opium, and its attendant I think, would agree that Asia stands evils. Now that China wants everyfirst. Asia contains the enormous thing she can get from Europe and populations. These are "finding them- America, can we refrai~ from giving selves" and are stirring into conscious her all the Gospel we can to save national force; they are imbibing 400,000,000 of a virile race? They Western learning; they ·are civilized are so conservative that, according to races; they are increasing, not dying a law well realized also in Africa, what out; they live to a large extent in temperate climes, and consequently they assimilate in the next ten or possess that force which comes partly twenty years may be held fast for from climate. I,OOO years. The first step from a lower faith to a higher seems the most. If we differentiate within Asia, the critical. The second step to a still problem naturally becomes more deli- higher faith is a matter of much cate. India, China, Japan, each has greater difficulty and uncertainty. claims; these are so strong that probably the supporters of each must Japan does not possess a population by temperament be permitted to be- as vast as China, but by some differlieve their own way. ences in blood she is much more as- similative, and perhaps, as a problem India's Claims.-This land is under of climate, much more electric. No British rule, and therefore it seems to one can tell what her ambitions arebe more the duty of English-speaking at present she is a Far East force. In people than a region under some other twenty years she may be a world rule. India supports thousands of force. Already her men of science British sons in good positions. Great claim first place with any in any land. Britain has poured more evil into If Japan and China really begin to India than into countries not under British rule, because of the greater love each other sufficiently to make foes at the end of this century. She common cause against other races, fears, or desires the aid of, the great Japan will for some time to come fur- virile races of temperate climes more nish th.: thinkers and leaders. Such a than those which dwell in the tropics.

probability makes us ask what Japan Africa is full of surpassing interest may do for or against Christendom. to the Church of God. We owe it She seems certain to be a force in such an immense debt of reparation.

politics outside her own land; may No one expects it to contain a world she not be an equal force in the sphere force equal to those mentioned above; of religion, destructive or construct- but as we have drenched it with our ive? The influence and importance vices and cruelties, we are bound to of Japan is bound up with the future give it of our best with both hands.

of the whole Mongolian or Turanian Speaking generally, the two continents race, and is its present leader. for evangelization to-day are Asia and A word about world forces may help Africa. But besides the duty of quick to make the situation more clear. It reparation, there is also the race with seems certain that in the political Islam. It is doubtful whether Islam sphere there will, ere long, be no more has much future anywhere except in room for nations as against races than Africa; there it meets with animistic there is to-day in London as between faiths which crumble quickly before small shops and universal stores. any higher and more dogmatic re- World forces are simplifying them- ligion. The fact is strange, but, I selves, and this seems to be a natural think, true, that once having risen step toward a higher unity in the end. from animism to any higher religion, In Europe it means a mighty German the next step beyond that is incom- race, a Slav race, a Latin race, an parably more difficult.

Anglo-Saxon race with its old home Which part of Africa is of greatest in Western Europe. In Asia a importance to the Church at this time?

mighty Mongolian race of some 500,- One is sometimes tempted to answer, 000,000. India's future is dark. In "Where there are fewest Europeans Africa a Bantu race, an Arab race, except the missionaries." Which is and so forth. In North America the the greatest hindrance? The non- Anglo-Saxon race differentiated. In Christian living white man or the South America, a Latin race differen- propagator of Islam? Where is tiated. In Australasia the Anglo- Islam most dangerous? On this point Saxon race differentiated. Of these, some experts assert that the mis- how many are in regions where cli- sionary's zeal even of El Azhar may mate gives force? The Slav, the Ger- not be what it was, that the modernist man, the Anglo-Saxon, the Mongo- movement of thought has affected lian; no others with quite equal cer- Islam more than many realize. They tainty. This militates against any assert, also, that the pagans south of world power~ of first rank in Africa, Khartum have no desire for Islam be- and it leaves India in a doubtful posi- cause they have suffered from it. On tion. But it exalts the importance of the other' hand, Uganda fears Islam.

the Mongolian race as a factor of first- So does Zanzibar. So more especially rate rank either as a help or a hin- does Nigeria and the region westward drance to the Church of God. of it. The strong races of Africa, There are sections of Asia not apart from the Arabs, seem to be the touched. It is impossible to do aught best of the Bantus in the south, the but keep to main lines. people of the Upper Zambesi, of From what has been said it would Uganda, of Nigeria. It would be appear that in Asia the Mongolian terrible to think of these growing races races are of first importance, as the as Mohammedan.

Church looks out upon Asia to see If the record of Africa is to be first who are to be her active friends or slavery, then drink, then Islam, we may well hang our heads with shame. the average of self-help in one is three Upon the whole, excluding Arabs or four times as high as in the other. The existence of a small endowment and French territories, the important is sufficient to lower the whole ideal of centers for the Church in Africa seem self-help. Dioceses will lean on a soto be three in number, because there ciety or the mother Church for money is a great future for each-Nigeria, as long as they are permitted to do Uganda and South Africa. Strong so in many cases, and long after they churches in these three centers ought should have given up such external to hold Africa. props. Again, there are regions n. Preservation and Edificalion of where the funds are plentiful, but where there is no desire for spiritual Christendom. – This is a parallel ministration. Are we to consider such problem, one the importance of which regions as non-Christian, however it is impossible to overrate. The tenderly the phrase is exprest? pressing nature of it can be gaged The United States has the same from the fact that it is impossible for problem within its own territory, not those who have once been Christians so much on the Pacific Coast, but in to relapse into paganism-it is some- what they term the Middle West. This thing worse to which they fall. They region was colonized in the days when have tasted of the Heavenly Gift, and the Church for political reasons was they can not relapse into mere igno- at its weakest, with the result that rance. when it gained force it found few members of the Church in the middle (1.) The problem of preservation of the Faith is now no longer a simple regions, and passed over their heads one. It does not refer only to white races of Christendom spreading over to lands in process of colonization. the world, and needing continuous The American Church is now slowly asserting itself in this middle region. Christian education and Christian South America is now winning the ministrations. It also includes men attention of the Church, and none too and women of the second, third, and soon. That continent is receiving even fourth generation of Christians thousands of English-speaking people of many races. in the southern regions. We ought to pay far more attention to this region In India, in the South Seas, in the than we have done in the past. Americas, in West Africa chiefly, but in other parts of Africa, it is of vital The Action of Governments upon importance to keep savor in the salt, World Problems of the Church.-With to keep conventional Christianity from deep regret, I must say that there is stifling the life of the Church. one government which in some parts (2.) But also the old problem in- of the world, from the side of unbelief, cludes the welfare of our own Euro- of aversion to all forms of religion, is pean white races in the course of their a most serious hindrance to the welexpansion through all continents. It fare of Christendom. I mean the is not an easy problem except in its French Government. There are two early beginnings, when men have other governments which on the score of belief in one form of religion are literally to fight the earth for a bare intolerant of all other forms of faith. subsistence. Of course aid must come I mean some parts of the Moslem to them from the older Church centers. But after this stage is past it is ex- kingdoms and some parts of the Porceedingly difficult not to spoonfeed tuguese empire. I trust I am not guilty of impertinence in placing them those who could help themselves if together. they would. I refer to money, not to living agents. These living agents In regard to the help or hindrance must be supplied for a much longer afforded by the State, the action of the time. It is possible to take dioceses British Government in many parts of of similar pioneer character and in the same continent, and to note that the world has, I believe, a result very ceive from the East an invaluable different from what was expected. In lesson for the West. India, for example, it is hard in the abstract to criticize the action of the So important is this question to the State in being neutral in religion. But Church that I was minded to create among Orientals the present neutrality a third parallel-to place "Religious seems to mean unbelief, more than re- Education" in a category by itself as ligious neutrality. They seem to ask, one of such vital importance that it "Does the teaching of no religion ought to receive all the emphasis that mean neutrality?" to us Orientals it such a method could give it. But on seems to mean religious indifference. second thought it is clear to me that The earnest teaching of all religions, religious education is a vital part of of religion necessarily taught to every each of the two parallels already laid child whatever that religion may be, down-vital for "Evangelization," that would seem to be a better defini- vital for "Preservation or Edification." tion for the Oriental of a religious but It is the thread inextricably wound through every part of both parallels, neutral government. What to the vital in the sense that without it both Oriental is anathema, is a non-re- our main duties would die. We must ligious government: and here we re- know God if we would know anything.

WILL JAPAN BECOME A CHRISTIAN NATION?

Hampton's Magazine for December describes the religious demands of has a most interesting article on "Will Japan Become a Christian Nation?" Japan, but he denies that Japan is which question is answered partly in turning to Christianity, "the enthuthe negative by the author, Thomas siastic statements we hear oftentimes A. Green, a well-known lecturer and in America about Japan being eager traveler in the Orient. He claims for the Gospel, about so many emi- "that certain men became Christians nent men becoming Christians, are, with the avowed purpose of seeing unfortunately-I doubt not unintenwhat the result and what the benefits tionally–exaggerated." He mentions might be, much as the 'poison squad' the Japanese objections to Christianity, of modern investigation undertakes among which he considers the multiexperiments with questionable diet, or plicity of denominations at work in as the devotees of medical science in- Japan the chief, saying, "If denominaoculate themselves with disease-germs tionalism is a misfortune at home, it to make certain, for the general good, is the absolute paralysis of foreign of the properties and results of some missions." And, finally, he answers anti-toxin," and "that it was but re- his own question, "Will Japan become cently the decisive intention of the a Christian nation?" partly negatively, government to make the crown prince and says, "Japan will never have a a profest Christian, so that, with the state religion," and, "for the present accession of the next emperor, Japan at least, probably for years to come, would be a Christian power." We are she will maintain an absolute toleraglad that he adds, "this intention has tion so far as religion is concerned, been, for the present at least, aban- and continue to afford complete freedoned," because Christianity is not put dom of belief." on like a garment, nor is it a creed only, but it is life, life in Christ Jesus, But Mr. Green does not deny that the second birth, and no man, not even the Gospel is progressing in Japan. He says, "Christianity is wielding a the crown prince of Japan, can become wide and beneficial influence. It is a Christian by the decision of any coloring and influencing even the government. Mr. Green powerfully things it can not regenerate. When one t"emembers that only fifty years

EXPLORING TOUR IN WEST AFRICA

have elapsed since the days of abso- lofty ideals of their daily lives, in their lute prohibition and persecution, it is contact with the social life of the evident that there are many things be- people, they have earned and held the sides converts to be credited to the confidence of the Japanese." influences of the West. Christian schools have done much for education, Mr. Green seems to think that only particularly for girls and women. . . what he calls practical Christianity has Christian philanthropy has set the ex- a future in Japan and asks for the ample for the erection of hospitals and sending of more men and money to asylums for the poor, the diseased, Japan only "if we are willing to prothe outcast, and the orphan. mote works of mercy and philan- The Y. M. C. A. along its social and thropy; if we really believe that educational lines has made for itself schools and hospitals, asylums and a place of great usefulness." And to refuges, are as really Christianity as the missionaries he pays the following are creed and ritual." But we, who most beautiful and well-deserved know that the Gospel of Christ is the tribute: "The missionaries, as indi- power of salvation are by no means viduals, have done glorious work in discouraged by his discussion; we are rather encouraged by it, because it Japan, not because of their divisions, but in spite of them; not by their shows by his own testimony that our preaching so much as by their lives. missionaries in Japan are doing their Almost without an exception they are duty faithfully and are preaching the sincere, earnest, devoted, consistent in Gospel, and we know that His Word every way. As teachers, as examples shall not return void unto Him and of disinterested philanthropy, in the that Japan some day must bow before the King of kings.

AN EXPLORING TOUR IN WEST AFRICA * BY WILLIAM M. DAGER, ELAT, WEST AFRICA Missionary of the Presbyterian Board of Foreign :Missions The mission at its last annual dry myself before the fire. I sat meeting asked me to make a trip over that fire and steamed. The of about three weeks into a district next day the bearings of my wheel where the others had not been, for broke and by carrying it for the last the purpose of finding a location for hour I reached the town where my a new station. carriers were waiting for me, at about six o'clock. We repaired I had sent my carriers ahead, ex- breakages several times, but had no pecting to get along for one night trouble at all in keeping far enough with such accommodations as I ahead of the boys to have a great might find in the town. I did not number of meetings without retardexpect rain in the dry season, but the ing our progress at all. unexpected happened, and in a forest about three miles from the next In one of the towns where I was town the rain suddenly began to fall. to spend the night, I did a few I t came in torrents, and for an hour stunts on the wheel with the usual I pushed my wheel along, and, of result, that all the men, women and course, everything I had was soaked children in the town were soon chaby the time I reached the town. sing around after me shouting, howl- It was then five o'clock and I had ing and gesticulating. Then we to put up for the night. Not a dry gather about the palace, which is stitch of my own and none to be 15 feet long and 8 feet broad and procured in a Bulu town. I tried to about 7 feet high at the gable, 3 or • Condensed from All the World.

4 perhaps at the eaves, made of could get from the women and boys, bark with a thatched roof. The king we came and sat down with the is there. A loin-cloth is all he men, and after some conversation wears. His claim to royalty is the about the man and his death, we number of wives he possesses. He asked the not uncommon question is seated on his throne, an empty in this country, "Who killed him?"

rum case. This poor man with a The dead man's brother answered, woman at his back rubbing the sand "His sons." Then we told this flies off his body, has an exalted brother, who was a leader in all that sense of his dignity and importance. was being done, that he would be Then, when the people are as- held personally responsible for any sembled, it is time to tell the story act of violence. Fear of the govern- simply., Love and sacrifice, joy and ment no doubt protects some women peace, they do not know. To tell who would otherwise be accused of the story of the love of Jesus that the death of their husbands and these needy ones may comprehend, would be put to death. While much that is what we try to do. has been done by the government to We passed through still another correct this awful custom, still, town where the head man lay dying. women are still liable to be sacri- Just before I reached the town I ficed when the people are some dis- stopt to repair my wheel and word tance removed from a government went ahead that I was coming, so station.

that when I passed through I ob- A slave came to me one night served nothing unusual. They asking my protection. Years ago asked for medicine and I told them he lost in gambling, and as he had I was unable to do anything. But not the money to pay the debt, he my carriers coming on later saw was taken as a slave. He developed what had been concealed from me. skill and courage in hunting ele- A number of women were bound phants, having killed five. These and they were trying to fasten the should have more than paid for his responsibility for the chief's death ransom, but as he was profitable, on one of them. We stopt for the charges were trumped up by which night about five miles beyond this he was kept in slavery. Every ef- town. At 3 :30 next morning we fort was made to keep him from were awakened by weeping and the coming in contact with the white beating of the drums announcing man. I passed his town at noon on the man's death. From what I had Saturday. The Bulu drum had sent heard I feared that one or more of ahead a wireless message of my his forty wives would be accused coming, and straightway his mas- of having been the cause of his ter sent him on an errand to a neigh- death and would be killed. As soon boring town. Some one told him as possible I was on my way to the that a missionary was passing. and town and found crowds were as- though he did not get to see me at sembling from every direction. the place where we spent Sabbath, About ISO were there when I he came in about nine o'clock Mon- reached the town and more than day night, asking if he could go with double that many when I left. The me. We decided to provide work men were seated in front of the for him until he could earn money dead man's house. Their conversa- enough to have the officer decide tion was almost entirely about the his case. He has proved a good distribution of the dead man's pos- workman, and it does one good to sessions. We secured quiet for a see him losing that hunted, servile little while and spoke a few words. look and, broaden out into an ex- Gathering first what information we pression of brightness and cheer.

EDITORIALS

THE SIMPLICITY OF MISSIONARY been in the habit of glvmg it. The DUTY Friends Missionary Advocate gives The matter is, primarily, one of the following quotations from the simple obedience to our Lord's last command. Here are our marching Bible to show that Christians must think in world terms: orders: a true soldier does not hesi- "Let (man) have dominion over the tate, parley, or even delay to ask a earth," said God at creation.

question. An early prophecy was: "As truly as I Secondly, it is a matter of love to live all the earth shall be filled with the glory of Jehovah." man as well as loyalty to Christ. The Psalmist thought in world-terms, Every motive of humanity and piety as witness these expressions: "All the ends of the earth shall turn unto J ellO- unite to constrain us to give the Gos- vah," "Sing unto Jehovah, all the earth."

pel to the world. Huber, the blind The devil thought in world-terms also: "He showeth him all the kingdoms of the naturalist, observed that a wasp will world."

not stop to eat a precious morsel by The Apostle John says: "The whole world lieth in the wicked one," and himself; but goes to the nest and leads "Satan deceiveth the whole world."

others forth to the feast. He that John the Baptist introduced Christ as "the Lamb of God that taketh away the withholdeth corn, the people shall sin of the world."

curse him. No monopoly is so inex- Christ is called the Savior of the world. Jesus came to give life unto the world. cusable and monstrous as that in the "I am the light of the world," said Christ, and "I came to save the world." Bread of Life. He came that the world through Him might be saved. There is nothing either impossible We are told to pray: "Thy will be done on earth." or impracticable in the immediate The Gospel is that "God so loved the world." evangelization of the world. We need Jesus said to His disciples: "Ye are the light of the world." only four conditions: He proclaimed that "The field is the world." 1. The principle of e·vangelism-that His decree was, "This Gospel shall be every believer is a herald, responsible for preached in the whole world." his proportion of the unsaved world; His final command to His followers bound to do directly his share of bearing was: "Go ye into all the world." the good tidings. The curse of the Church is the dependence on proxies. These are only a few of the teach- ings of the Bibl~ that if rightfully ac- 2. The spirit of enterprise. Men of the cepted compel us to enlarge our vision. world, simply to serve worldly interests, have made it possible to go round the Viewing the whole world from God's world in three months; to reach by the mails the remotest quarters inside of six standpoint will enable us to work more weeks, and by telegram all great centers inside of an hour. What might not a intelligently and with a deeper interlittle enterprise do for God! est in the special field where our 3. A holy earnestness, an enthusiasm for God. This is the inspiring soul of all labor is bestowed. Christian effort. It makes one man chase a thousand, etc.; it makes him a William Carey studied the map of hammer to break the hardest; a fire to burn and melt away; a sword to pierce. the world which he kept before him 4. The divine enduement. The power as he worked on his cobbler's bench, that converts can not be described any more than the fragrance or tinting of a but he labored in India. The world rose; but it may be felt. Faith. and prayer are the conditions of this endue- situation was ever before him, and his ment. The means will always be inadequate. Our salvation lies in being in love reached as far as the love of straits. The work can not be done on a mathematical basis. We must attempt Christ went, and the broader visions great things for God, while expecting great things from God; and then the stimulated and inspired him so that victory will come. his work was in reality for the whole THE WORLD VIEW world. So our vision and our pur- The present stage of' world-evan- pose and our effort will embrace the gelism demands of us a larger view whole world if we see and work aright. of the whole question than we have

THE PRIESTHOOD OF BELIEVERS cable one. They drew on the sand a rude image of a cross, and led The Jewish priest performed three their prisoners to it, and bade them, functions. as the price of their freedom and im- munity from death, to tread on it I. At the altar, offering sacrifice. and trample it under foot. With 2. Within the veil, making inter- death and torture facing them if cessIOn. they refused, even in that hour of 3. Outside, pronouncing blessing. terror, thousands of men, women These correspond in the disciple to and even children would not allow themselves to put a contemptuous Suffering-( self-sacrifice). foot upon even so rude a symbol of Supplication-( intercession) . the holy passion of their divine Re- Service-( conferring blessing). deemer; but heroically and unflinch- The first to hands pierced, as in ingly died-not as Anglicans or crucifixion; Wesleyans, or Baptists, or Presby- The second to hands clasped, as in terians; but simply as Christians. It prayer; remains to this hour a sacred mem- The third to hands extended, as in ory that so great numbers of native impartation and benediction. disciples so accepted a martyr's death and won the crown of life. The suffering of saints in all ages is also threefold: THE DECAY OF FAITH I. The temptation of Satan. Distinguished leaders of the Church 2. The inappreciation of men. Universal are blowing the trumpet of 3. The rej ection and condemnation alarm. The Bishop of Durham, for of the world. example, says, "There is with many, Such thoughts as these are most just now, a growing intolerance of the pertinent to the understanding of all revealed and supernatural in every true missionary service at home and form. Not a few speak as if the acme abroad. It is essentially a sacred and of human progress was to prove that sacerdotal service, and identifies the there is neither Creator nor Redeemer, missionary with the Lord Jesus, the but man is all in all." suffering servant of God. How often we shrink from 'service At the late meeting of the Synod from a false humility, from a con- of Baltimore, the following overture sciousness of on "Fundamental Faith" was adopted: 1. Incompetence, like Moses. Exod. iv., 10. The Synod of Baltimore, being imprest 2. Impurity, like Isaiah. Isa. vi., by the prevalent toleration and increas- 5,6. ing assertion of doubts and denials, con- cerning certain Confessional statements, 3. Ignorance, like Jeremiah. Jer. and believing that thereby are encouraged, within the Church, forms of unbelief i., 6. which unsettle the Christian faith in the 4. Rashness, like Peter. John xviii., fundamental facts of Christianity, over- tures the General Assembly of the Presla, I I. byterian Church in the United States of America to consider most carefully this 5. Unsatisfied doubt, like Thomas. critical situation, and to take such action John xx., 25. as may more surely protect and confirm the people of God in the faith, once for AN AFFECTING HISTORIC all delivered to the saints. INCIDENT THE DAY OF PAGEANTS When Dr. J. Campbell Gibson, These imposing exhibitions, procesmissionary at Swatow, gave the sions and parades, with the aid of the synodical address as moderator of spectacular and dramatic element, are the En~;lish Presbyterian Church, he becoming the order of the day. The referred to the fact that, nine years Hudson-Fulton celebration in New ago, in the Boxer crisis, the test they applied to native disciples was not any confession or creed, but a simpler and more universally appli-

TABLE OF JEWISH MISSIONS

THE WORLD ON DECEMBER 31, 1908 Compiled by Rev. Louis Meyer, New York City "> .., a __ t:l !.oj ~ ::l .~ MtSSIONARIES 4-..~ t t<::~>.JJ:;;:"·";:g;: ~ .~ ,.., ~ "''- – h..""..'~ -'."<c-'" 1~:l:'~ .~ COUNTRY .~ ] ~ ;; "'""" '" .~.~ ::tc~..:;: .~ .~ , {.rJ , Cl I Mole Femole ~.!:l 2:~~U ———,I V, ,~ , , ,~ Great Britain. —;;-1-8- ~-1l- ~1-269 1 I I Germany ·· 79 662 166 ..1 29 2 Switzerland… I1 3 I .6. 8 1 18 10 5 8 3 .. 2 4 .. 4 4 I France ……. I 1 I I5 .. 1I 1 2 5 Netherlands .. 3 I 😉 ! 1 .. 4 2 4 ·······1 I I 6 Scandinavia .. 3 I 9I 3 17 12 3 32 I 31 7 I1 8 I .. 7 RAufrsisciaa ……. 41 2 41 I 4 8 ·. 1 I 9 Asia ……… 1 4 I 4 8 · . I 8 I .. 10 Australia ….. 2 I I 2I 2I ·. I 2 I 1 11 United States. I 45 I 6 I 48 1 3 66) 58 23 147 49 I 12 Canada ……. i 3 11~~_1_3__,_~___~ __6_ 2 ) 14 7 13~ Grand total.! 991 24 ! 222 1 19 437 110 914 245 SOME WORDS OF EXPLANATION 1. The specialized statistical tables of which this table is the summary will be published in the "Conference Missions Atlas" of the World's Missionary Conference, Edinburgh, 1910, for which the information was gathered. All the information contained in the "Atlas" will be for the year which closed on December 31, 1908.

2. The lists of societies include large and small ones, and even individual efforts where persons are doing the actual work of a missionary without having a missionary organization behind them.

3. Great Britain occupies the first place in Jewish missions still, tho the number of societies in the United States is larger (45) than in Great Britain (28). The number of stations occupied by the 28 British societies is almost three times as large as that of stations occupied by the 45 United States societies, while the British societies employ 662 missionary workers, and the United States societies only 147. The income of the British societies, which is not given in the summary, was six times larger than that of the United States societies in 1908. Great Britain, through its societies, reaches the Jews of almost all parts of the earth except those in the United States, while the United States societies labor among the Jews in the United States, except that one Lutheran society supports one station with one ordained laborer in Russia. The majority of Jewish missions in the United States are of recent date, and the work is so little established that several of the societies at work in 1908 are at this time out of existence or without a worker, while others have been organized since the statistics were collected (but no change in the total number of United States societies has been caused).

4. For the first time an attempt has been made to find out how many Hebrew Christians were among all the laborers of Jewish missions. The reports gave their number as 245, or 26 4-5 per cent only (in Great Britain 25 per cent, in the United States 33 per cent, in Canada 50 per cent, in Germany 27 3-5 per cent, in Scandinavia 22 per cent, and so on). We add, however, that the percentage of male Hebrew Christians is far greater than of female Hebrew Christians, who are laboring as missionaries. We believe that of the Hebrew Christians found among the missionary workers about 170, or almost 70 per cent, are men. A surprizing number of these men have married Gentile wives.

5. An attempt was made to tabulate numbers of baptisms in 1908, and numbers of inquirers at the close of that year, but some of the Jewish missionary societies evangelize only (without baptizing), others have the converts baptized by the pastors of local churches, and still others refuse to give the information. Thus no numbers of baptisms in 1908, and no numbers of inquirers at the close of the year are given in this summary, while the specified tables will contain sl1ch information as far as supplied.

NOTABLE EVENTS OF THE LAST

(In Gener,,! the Notable Draths Are Omitted from This, Li.t) 1900. Ecumenical Missionary Conference, New York. The B~xer Outbreak in China.

1901. Young People's Millllionary Movement organized. Australasian Confederation formed.

1902. Hague Peace Tribunal established. Uganda Railway c~mpleted. Hunan, the clo..ed province ~f China, opened to missionaries.

1903. United States purchased Panama Canal. Czar proclaimed religious freedom for Russia.

1904. Russo·Japanese war. The great Welsh revival. Colonel Younghusband reaelled Lhasa, Tibet. Panama Canal Treaty signed. World's Sunday-school Convention in Jerusalem. Cape-to-Cairo R. R. reached Victoria Falls. Death of Rev. Francois Coillard, of Africa.

1905. Death of Rev. J. Hudson Taylor, of China. Great revivals in Allllam, India. Russo-Japanese war ended. World Y. M. C. A. Conference in Paris. The Czar's call for election to the Duma_ 1906. Centennial of Haystack meeting. Great revivals in India. First Duma met in Russia. Laymen's Missionary Movement organized. Conference on Islam and Christianity, Cairo, Egypt.

1907. Fifth Sunday-school Convention met in Rome. National Christian Missionary Society of India formed. Anti·opium edict ilULued in ClUna. Death of Bishop Schereschewsky, of Japan. Death of Rev. John G. Paton, of New Hebrides.

191}S. Wireless telegraphy inaugurated. A great revival in Korea. Revolution in Turkey, Sultan deposed. Chinese Centenary Missionary Conference, at Sltanghai. Death of Rev. Jacob Chamberlain, of India. Earthquake at Messina, Italy.

1909. Movement for church union in South Africa. A II'reat revival in Korea. Death of Emperor and Empress Dowager, of China. World Y. M. C. A. COIlference in Germany. World Y. P. S. C. E. Conference in Agra, India. Revolution in Persia, Shah deposed. Federation of States in South Africa formed. Damascus Railway completed to Medina. Semi-centennial celebration of Protestant missions in Japan. Quarter·centennial celebration of Protestant miasion.. in Korea. Thirty·million-dollar bequed of John S. Kennedy to charity, York included some interesting his- of whom perished trying to reach torical features, but involved much Cape Sabine to meet the relief ship useless waste of money. We can not Proteus. Professor McMillan found but feel some risks in attending them, relics of the vain endeavors of Comespecially where historic developments m;lnder Hall in 1871; of Admiral Sir are not faithfully presented. George Nares, 1875-76; of Sir John Lockwood, 1883-84; of Amundsen In the recent church pageant, in in 1905-06, as well as records left Fulham Palace grounds in England, by Commander Peary in 1900 and in on June last, much hostile criticism 1$)06. He found "General Greely's was evoked by the evident Romish coat, card and books, a book of the trend of the whole "open air theat- doomed Lieutenant Kislingbury, phoricals." It was pronounced to be a tographic plates and films," etc. He deliberate suppression of historic facts also tells how Professor Marvin was and a falsification and misrepresenta- drowned. Shall diSciples be less ready tion of history. to search for human souls in captivity to sin and Satan, or less ready to spend Certainly one would not have sup- money to equip missionary explorers posed, jUdging from the scenes of this for their work of soul saving? drama, that there had been any Reformation period. Some of these criti- SOME MISSIONARY HEROES cisms are just and deserved. It is hard to believe there was mere ac- John Williams' life motto was "TRUST cident in the absence of much that AND TRY." John Eliot, the pioneer belonged to the history and the prom- "Apostle of the Indians," not content inence of much else that was very to do one man's work, during nearly anti-Protestant in character. A prom- sixty years of his pastorate at Roxinent writer says: bury, Mass., was also untiring in lab?rs among them. After studying "The pageant emphasized Augus- theIr language from an Indian whom tine as being sent by Rome; but the he took into his home, he began his people were not shown the struggle work of translation-the Ten Comhe had with the British Church, which mandments, the Lord's Prayer and a was not settled till the days of his suc- few Scripture passages; then the encessor. . . . The Reformation was tire New Testament, completing the the end of that struggle. But, instead work in 1661, and two years later the of beginning with the casting off of Old Testament. This translation was the yoke, the pageant gratefully re- the first instance where the entire membered Thomas it Becket, but not Bible was ever given to a barbarous Cranmer, Latimer, and Ridley_ It re- people as a means of their conversion. minded of Laud, who turned back toward Rome; but not of Bonner, who David Brainerd's agonizing plea burned the Bibles at Paul's Cross. It was, "0 that God would bring great was a distortion of history, and gave numbers of the heathen to Jesus no place to the Reformation. As a Christ." Then he responded to God's sign of the times it forebodes a loss call devoting himself to work among of Reformation blessings." the Indians of Massachusetts, New York and New Jersey. Among the AN EXAMPLE OF SACRIFICE Delawares-of whom he once said, "Not one in a thousand has the spirit The cost of reaching the North Pole of a man"-a wonderful revival broke was enormous, both in men and in out after several months of faithful money. Professor Donald B. Mc- preaching. In 1747, at the age of Millan, of Worcester University, con- twenty-nine, Brainerd ended his nected with the Peary expedition, sub- earthly work, but when he was dying sisted for days on the abandoned pro- he said, "I would not have spent my visions left twenty-five years ago by life otherwise for the whole world." the ill-fated Greely party at Fort Conger, seventeen out of twenty-five

OCTOBER; 1909 – NAY

LAYMEN'S MISSIONARY MOVEMENT GREATER THAN A PRESIDENTIAL CA),{PAIGN TOUR GENERAL MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE MISCELLANEOUS 2. Supply the church with the best up-to-date books, leaflets, and litera- Outcome of the Millilion Century ture on missions.

Christian missionaries set out a cen- 3. Conduct each year, if possible, tury ago to bring to bear upon the a missionary institute with courses of multitudes of men and women in the mission study and .a series of confer- East the saving Gospel of Christ, "To ences for leaders, inviting representasave souls" was their mission and their tives of neighboring churches to be commission. Than this no more present and participate. worthy service can be conceived. To this they gave themselves with self- 4. Cooperate with the pastor and sacrificing zeal. To-day, as the results church officers each year in a misof their efforts, we find the Church of sionary evangelistic subscription cam- God widely established in the earth paign looking to heroic consecration among all races; but what is more, of life and funds for furtherance of and what was not expected at the the Gospel throughout the earth. first, we find a strong, aggressive, Christian social order developing in S. Propagate the missionary instiall of those countries, and the entire tute idea by circulating missionary East coming out into fraternal rela- literature, and through personal reptions with the Christian nations, thus resentatives of the church assisting demonstrating the true brotherhood other churches in missionary schools, of man, which proves the genuine classes, campaigns, and lectures. fatherhood of a common God.-REv. A World-wide Tour of Millsionary Fields J. L. BARTON, D. D. Rev. S. D. Gordon, author of the What Every Church Should Do "Quiet Talks" series of books, has started upon a world-wide tour of According to the "Missionary Evan- missionary fields. After a sojourn in gelistic Subscription Method," which England until June, 19IO, he expects means business in missionary activity, to devote six months to Japan, twelve every church should: months each to China and East India, and six months to Egypt, Persia, 1. Establish mission study classes Arabia, Turkey, and the Holy Land. and courses in connection with each Africa and South America will be department of the church. visited later. The purpose of Mr.

MISSIONARY

Gordon's journey is not to see but to field is big enough for four misserve, and he will be prepared to turn sionaries. If we can quadruple our aside from the main centers of activity present force and provide them adewherever opportunity for help is afforded. The work will be with the quate equipment, it is believed that we missionaries themselves, then with the English-speaking natives, but also can overtake the stupendous task. with non-English-speaking natives by Even if you eliminate one-half of our interpretation. Mrs. Gordon is accompanying her husband on this present church-members as either too journey. poor or too indifferent to do anything for this work, it would only require one out of 400 of the balance to go as missionaries. The only other question AMERICA is, could the 399 who stay at home .. , / support the one who goes? We spend Origin of the Laymen, Movement i- more than $250,000,000 a year for re- T?e general se~retary, J. Campbell ligious purposes in this country. One- WhIte, recently saId: fourth, or perhaps even one-fifth, of It was at the conventi~Jn of the ~tude!lt such an amount would support an Volunteer Movement m NashVille, m adequate force of missionaries 1906, that the seed-thought of the move- . ment was planted by the Spirit in the Can We Do Our Part? tnind of a young business man of the city of Washington. As he saw over J Campbell White has recently 3,000 students considering for several days their relation to the evangelization . of the world, this thought came to him said: -If the laymen of North America could If the churches of America can be led see the world as these students are see- to increase their gifts to missionary work ing it, they would rise up in their abroad, until it is equal to one-fourth of strength and provide all the funds needed for the enterprise. The providential op- what they now spend for religious purportunity for testing this idea came a poses in this country, we can probably few months later. The one-hundredth anniversary of the Haystack Prayer- make the message of Christ known to meeting was to be celebrated in New 600,000,000 of non-Christians before the York City by a series of interdenominationa! meetings. It was arranged that middle of this century. Money is not the one of these should be for laymen, and only condition of evangelizing the world, should take the form of a prayer-meet- but it is an essential condition. And just ing, and this was held November 15th, in the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church. now it is the point of greatest weakness. The afternoon was very stormy, and only about seventy-five were present. Mr. In addition to needing money enough for Samuel B. Capen, of Boston, presided. It was really a prayer-meeting, most of the work, we also need workers enough the time from three to six being spent to go, and we need the power of God in in prayer. After an intermission of an hour for supper, the meeting was re- which to do the work. But the workers are offering to go faster than the money has been available to send them, and the power of God is always available to those who obey and trust Him. The mission- ary leaders of all fields believe that it is now possible to evangelize the whole world in our generation. We do not mean by this that everyone will become a Christian, but that an adequate oppor- sumed, consisting mainly of discussion tunity to become a Christian should be as to what practical steps should be afforded to every person.

taken. Out of this discussion came a Votes for Enlargement series of resolutions which called into At recent conventions of Christian existence the Laymen's Missionary Movement. laymen it was voted: In Cleveland to America', Share 600,000,000 advance the giving for foreign mis- America's share of the non-Chris- sions from $53,000 to $r60,ooo, in tian world is about 600,000,000. There Richmond from $30,000 to $60,000, are so many in the fields now occupied Worcester from $r5,000 to $25,000, 1, by American missionaries. But about and Washington from $60,000 to 450,000,000 of these are beyond the $roo,ooo. reach of our present missionary force. What Has Been Done in Canada Each American missionary has a Is the Laymen's Missionary Move- parish of about roo,ooo souls. Such a ment accomplishing anything? The answer comes from Toronto. In- the cost of maintaining a substitute creases in mission contributions are varies in different countries, and even reported as follows: In four Meth- in different p~rts of the same country.

odist churches: from $8,000 to $16,- In India, the price ranges from $25.00 000, from $7,000 to $15,000, from to $85.00 a year. In China, $60.00 $4,000 to $13,000, and from $3,000 to will support a native evangelist and $5,000. In four Anglican churches: $30.00 a Bible woman. In Africa, the $7,000 to $15,000, $5,000 to $15,000, cost varies from $25.00 to $50.00.

$1,000 to $4,000, $200 to $1,000. In Selp-support on Mission Field. three Presbyterian congregations: $12,000 to $15,000, $7,000 to $12,000, The Presbyterian Board has issued $6,5°0 to $12,500. a bulletin which shows what native Model Churches in Philadelphia Christians are doing to help them- selves, and to carry the Gospel to oth- On the best of authority the state- ers. From all native sources the ment is made that the 518 members Board received $350,000, which, taof the three Covenanter churches in king into consideration the different Philadelphia gave $26,000 to home average wages, amount to something and foreign missions last year. This like $2,000,000 in the United States. was an average of $7.25 per member In the West African Mission every to foreign missions, and $3.00 per church is self-supporting, which may member to home missions, which es- not be said of Presbyteries in the tablishes a new record in church be- home land. This bulletin tells the nevolences in Philadelphia. story of 1,013 Koreans who emigrated Men Who Are Rich Enough to Yucatan, Mexico, in 1905, which company counted 4 who were Chris- It is reported that Mr. L. H. Sev- tians. Yet in the last year over 250 -.:rance is to add nothing more to his Christians were added to the church capital, but to give all his income roll, and at the expense of the native above Hving expenses to Christian be- church two evangelists were brought nevolence. In this decision he imi- from Los Angeles, and these Koreans tates Mr. Joseph Shenstone, the Bap- established in Merida, Mexico, a Prestist iron manufacturer of Toronto. byterian home. The Japanese on the Presbyterian Share of the Harvest Pacific Coast gave more for religious In India the native Presbyterian work among themselves than the church numbers 25,000 communicants; board expended upon them.

in China, 40,000; in Japan, 18,000; in The Greatest Achievement in Minion. Korea, 20,000; in Africa, about !O,- 000; in Brazil, II ,000, and in Mexico, Rev. H. C. Stuntz, foreign mis- 6,000. In all these countries the sionary secretary of the Methodist churches are well organized and while Church, expresses the conviction that not entirely self-supporting, they are the most notable achievement in misrapidly becoming so. sions or any other religious effort was the translation of the Bible into 500 The Fruitful Substitute Idea languages and dialects, making it The substitute idea-i.e., the sup- possible to convey to the people of porting of a native worker on the for- these tongues a message from God in eign field in one's stead-founded by their own vernacular. "No such Mr. Henry B. Gibbud in 1897, and energy has been released," declared carried on by his widow since his de- Dr. Stuntz, "since the morning stars cease, has progressed rapidly. The sang together to make for righteous- total number of substitutes to July I, ness in everything that Christ has in 1909, was 3,729, and the total amount His program as this putting the Word of money received was $98,45°. Ow- of God into the hands of the nations.

ing to differences in local conditions, It is the colossal achievement of the

GENERAL MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE 6S

missionary enterprise and has done Methodist Episcopal mission of Canmore to benefit mankind, drive away ada the work at Chung King, West wrong, and raise the race than any China, and by other processes. other single accomplishment." Activity of British Women Foreigners Flooding the South The Church of England Zenana We hear often enough about the Missionary Society publishes monthly hordes of immigrants from the Old Indids Women and China's Daugh- World which flood the North and ters, which in the November issue tells West, but not nearly as often of the of a farewell meeting to twenty-two tide which sets southward. But we missionaries soon to return to their learn from the last report of the home fields and eleven new workers. Its missionary committee of the Presby- income is more than $300,000, and its terian Church, South, that within three representatives in the two countries years 15,000 have come to Norfolk; number more than 200. in Tampa there are 15,000 Cubans and 10,000 Indians in New Orleans Rome As It Was and A. It Is there are thousands of Italians, Spaniards, Syrians and others. In some This che"ering report appears in one Texas counties the court records are of our exchanges: kept in German; in others the Spanish language alone is heard. While a The chief difference which I note after Mexican Presbytery has been success- sixteen years of residence in Rome is the fully constituted in the Synod of attitude of the people toward Protestants Texas, in the French and Italian fields and our faith. They are no longer afraid of Louisiana little has yet been accom- of us, but treat us as friends. To be plished. In New Orleans there are known as a Protestant would once have only one French, one Italian, and two barred one from contact with many per- German churches. The oldest mission sons; now we are respected and gladly work of the Southern Church is received, even in the best social circles. among the Indians, and it has 19 The king himself, a man of much ability churches and 10 pastors among the and broad views, has not hesitated to re- Choctaws and Chickasaws of Okla- ceive in audiences Bishop Burt and the homa. representatives of our work. To the common people we are not devils or pos- EUROPE sest by the "Evil Eye," but are wel- comed as those who can help them. The The London Society Retrenching sentiment in Italy is rapidly becoming friendly toward evangelicals, who are At a recent meeting of the directors, now occupying many positions of promiby instruction from the board that the nence; these same men would have been expenditure during the year com- ostracized and debarred from public life mencing next April be reduced by thirty years ago, solely on account of $50,000 below the expenditure in the their religion. year 1908-09, the finance committee presented recommendations which Persecution in Portugal represented a sum total of $32,000. This result was to be arrived at by British missionary women are conthe handling over of the Vizagapatam ducting Protestant work in many mission in South India to the Cana- towns in Portugal and Spain and find dian Baptist mission, and further, by their efforts often unmolested. In the relinquishment of the Industrial some districts these remain undis- Institution and the central school at turbed; in others virulent opposition Hope Fountain, Matabeleland, South is stirred up by parish priests. These Africa, by handing over to other mis- can only set going actual persecution sions the work at Barkly West, South in places where they can find sym- Africa, by the handing over to the pathy in the mind of the mayor of a town. Madame Emily Lopez Rod- riguez, the English wife of the Rev. Luis Lopez Rodriguez, director of the mission in the province of Gerona, writes that her husband is still in prison, as also are his brother and

their schoolmaster. They are con- his subjects that for years no outfined in a small room lacking ventila- siders were admitted" to the royal tion, and are suffering at night the mosque, but "the present Sultan is betorment of vermin. The case is one loved of his people, and drives freely of wanton persecution on utterly false among them." The seed planted by charges, but appeals have been in vain, the Robert College and other misnotwithstanding that "toleration" is sionary agencies is bearing fruit. supposed to prevail in Spain.-Homi- "Hope and expectancy are in the air letic Review. everywhere," and "the new Turk is pursuing his way steadily, earnestly, Opening of the Firat Protestant Training- and judiciously." school for Teachers in Ru.sia The Presbyterian College in Teheran In Astrachanka, in southern Russia, was held the annual great con- Rev. S. M. Jordan writes in The ference of Stundists near the end of Westminster: September. It was especially important because the first Protestant The Persian boy is fully the equal of training-school for teachers in Russia his American brother in mental ability was opened during the meetings. A and aptitude to learn. He has good stuff large building with light and com- in him, but for centuries he has been fortable rooms has been erected at an spoiled in the making. Nevertheless, he outlay of about $10,000, which amount is capable of becoming the equal of the was raised by the Stundists them- best the world can produce. The young selves. Missionary Jack, of the Ger- men trained in our school are exerting man Orient Mission, who is in charge an influence out of all proportion to their of the mission's work in Astrachanka, numbers. They are found throughout is director of the training-school, being the length and breadth of the land in poassisted by some Stundist teachers. It sitions of honor and responsibility. They is hoped that means for a theological are under-secretaries in the State Departseminary, which is much needed, will ment, and the other departments of the be forthcoming soon. government. They are chiefs of customs and post-offices and telegraphs in various ASIA-MOSLEM LANDS cities. They are found in the banks, for- eign and native. They are teachers and The New Regime in Turkey physicians. They are contributors to the newspapers, and some of the best text- Mr. Ralph Darlington, whose work books in the language have been prepared for the Royal Geographical Society by our boys. of England is well known, has, after knowing for eighteen years the heart The Truth About the Adana Massacres of Constantinople, formed a very decisive opinion as to the new regime in In the October number of the mag- Turkey. He speaks in a tone of sunny azine of the German Orient Mission hopefulness. Only three years ago a number of heartrending particumen in the Ottoman Empire were lars concerning the recent Armenian saying: "If something extraordinary massacres in Adana and vicinity is does not come soon, we are doomed." published. The author of the article The something extraordinary hap- is Dr. Paul Rohrbach, formerly Gerpened in the deposition of Abdul man commissioner of Southwest Af- Hamid and the enthronement of Mo- rica. He visited the district almost hammed V. The result, Mr. Darling- immediately after the massacres and ton says, is "an air of freedom, of made thorough investigations, so that awakening, of joy and zest, and the his report can be considered reliable. pervasion of hope in Constantinople, According to him, between 20,000 and such as has not been witnessed in 25,000 Armenians lost their lives, living memory." One fact he declares many of them after having suffered is enough to support his statement. most brutal cruelties. Almost all Ar- "Abdul Hamid lived in such fear of menian villages and homes between Tarsus and Adana were plundered and burned. The fury of the Mo- hammedan pillagers was so great that they broke to pieces iron plows and

GENERAL MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE

farming implements which they could occupied by the Church of Scotland's not use or carry off. Mr. Rohrbach mission, the Church Missionary Sofound complete proof that, like at the massacres of I895, the Turkish sol- ciety, and the American Presbyterian diers partly joined the mob. Absolute mission. The movement began with proofs of the fact that the deposed one man, Ditt by name, who sought Sultan, Abdul Hamid, himself ordered baptism, but refused to leave his vilthe massacres can not be found, but lage. He soon brought his wife and there is a strong suspicion. That the family, and they were baptized. Thus plans for them were made a long time began a work which has added 65,000 before the massacres is well estab- people to the Christian Church, of lished. Dr. Rohrbach calls attention which 32,000 are members of the to the fact that the new Turkish Gov- United Presbyterian Church. The ernment has made quite insufficient writer of this paper has baptized about provision for the sufferers, tho it has one thousand souls this year. The tried to do a little. These homeless movement goes on, and in every misones are insufficiently clothed, and sion baptisms by the hundreds are there is little effort made to provide taking place. at least temporary shelters for them during the cold and wet season. Thus An Ingathering of Shoemakers help is immediately needed, and the German Orient Mission, Gr. Wein- On a recent tour from his station meister str. 50, Potsdam, Germany, at Palni, on the evening of the third appeals for it. day of preaching, at a place called Variapoor, Mr. Jeffery, of the Ma- INDIA dura Mission, had a happy surprize. He write~: Man Movements Multiply I had just put out the light and gone Rev. E. M. Wherry writes in the to bed when a lantern appeared at the Presbyterian: open tent door, and I heard a voice say- ing, "Sir! Sir! may we come in?" I at It is a most significant sign of the once lighted my light and there entered progress of missionary work in India not only the light-bearer, but a body of that, instead of reporting the circum- stalwart men, partly filling the tent. stances surrounding the admission of They were Hindus of the shoemaker single individuals to the Church, the mis- caste. They had come to pledge themsionaries of almost all societies are now selves to Jesus Christ. I stood there in laboring with the problems connected my night-clothes and wrote down the with the admission of great masses of names of 51 persons who that night gave the people to the Christian fold. At a up their bloody idol, Kaliammal, and recent session of the North India Con- took Jesus to be their God. And standference of Christian Workers, held in ing there in the quiet of that consecra- Mussoorie, the whole time of the ses- tion moml'nt, I prayed for them, blest sion, lasting for four days, was taken up them, and sent them, their hearts filled with discussions of questions relating to with peace and with a new sense of bemass movements. ing children of God, back to their homes.

The two leading papers and addresses The next day 30 more names were upon this subject were as follows: added, making altogether 80 new Chris- "The Problems of Mass Movements" tians, in spiritual things feeble as new- born babes, to be nurtured. was discust by Rev. J. N. Forman, in A Buddhist Monk', Disrobing a most instructive paper, which was followed by an address by Rev. Dr. P. The conversion of a Buddhist monk M. Buck. Both of these men have is often reported, but from time to had great experience in village work. time a yellow-robed leader becomes a Christian. In Colombo, Ceylon, on Rev. J. A. McConnellee, of the United Presbyterian mission at Sar- October 3d, in the Maradana chapel gadha, Punjab, gave a brief history of of the English Wesleyan Mission, Uva the mass movement in that province, Kotawera ~tated his reasons for wishbeginning in the bounds of his mis- ing' to renounce Buddhism and emsion, and extending into the regions brace Christianity. He told his story, and then, while the congregation

bowed in silent prayer, he put off his amounted to $II8,ooo ($103,000). The increase in membership was robes in exchange for the ordinary larger among the Telugus than among the Tamils. garments of the Sinhalese man, and Mohammedan Convert in A..am returned as a candidate for baptism. Rev. R. T. Jourdain, S. P. G. mis- As a priest he also practised as a sionary at Sikhar, in Assam, tells of a Mussulman inquirer who came to medical man, and gained a wide repu- his house in Silchar in October, 1907. The earnestness of Chand Mohammed tation for medical skill, especially for (that was his name) made an impres- sion upon Mr. Jourdain at once, but ability to cure snakc-b:te and hydro- he at first suspected him of being really a Christian who had been obliged phobia. He was called in to attend to leave his former abode. However, the suspicion soon vanished. Chand the daughter of one of the Christian had apparently been reading what he could froni a copy of Matthew and sShinehdaildese~uacnhd before she passed away, from tracts given to him by mis- to win him for Christ. sionaries. He received instruction and, together with his wife, was p~e­ Her testimony to the saving power of pared for baptism at the Oxford MIS- sion at Barisal. Both won confidence Jesus, and her exhortation~ to believe and affection by their humility and earnestness, and were baptized on in Christ and live a good bfe, made a Easter, 1908, in the presence of Rev. and Mrs. Jourdain. Since Chand was great impression on .him. . able to read both Bengali and Hindu, Mr. Jourdain put him at once to wo~k Her Bible was given to him after as catechist in the tea-garden at Sll- char. It seemed an unwise experiher death, and he read it in the light ment, but it turned out well, and Chand has proved faithful and zealous. of the dying girl's testimony and ex- He is another illustration of the power of the printed Word of God. perience, and became convinced that Progress in Jaspur the way for him to tread was not the The King of Jaspur, East India, is eight-fold path of Buddhism, but the by no means favorable and friendly to the efforts of the white missionaries way of Christ. among his people, yet his opgosition can not retard the progress of the This man is no ordinary convert, for Gospel. Missionary John made a journey of visitation through the land he has been a priest for a quarter of last May and 719 inquirers appeared before him and were baptized after a a century and was a novice in the searching examination. A short time later 386 more were baptized by a temple several year" J;efore. that. ~e native pastor. Thus 1,105 heathen were baptized in J aspur within a few is proficient in Sansknt, Pall, and Sm- weeks.

ahnaldesBe~ramnad, he has atsraivnelCedeylionn.Ind~iea Movement Toward Christian Union as well The Missionary Herald (American will be more fully instructed, and III Board) publishes these three items: due time will receive baptism.- THOMAS MOSCROP.

Missionary Forces in Southern India The South India Missionary Union publishes a statistical table for 1908 which clearly shows the steady progress of the Gospel amon~ th.e Tamils and Telugus. We publlsh It and place in brackets the figures for 1907, that our readers may judge of the progress them~elves.. ~here were at work twenty-mne missIOnary so- cieties, which employed 564 (542) male and 339 (317) female E.uropean missionaries, which were assisted by 427 (407) native pastors and 13,683 ( 13,582) native teachers and c~te­ chists. The number of theological students was 676 (624) and that of the pupils in the schools 230,030 (206,- 734) . There were 490,706 (466,267) baptized natives and 219,413 (207,- 260) adherents, whose contributions

GENERAL MISSIONARY

1. Union continues to suggest the word CHINA for the trend of events in this mighty Denominationaliam at a Discount empire. The process of enlargement and unification under the British rule has In an interview published by the reached its highest mark up to date. Sunday School Chronicle, Rev. F. B. Railroads, postal service, publications in Meyer gave some impressions derived English and vernacular languages, educa- from his recent travel to the farther East. He thinks that denominationaltional requirements of government, and ism is largely a spent force in the mis- sion fields. "There is little doubt that political discussions have all made steady if the European and American misprogress toward the weakening of caste, sionaries were withdrawn to-morrow, the native Christians (in China) would the destroying of religious, racial, and flow together into one great church, commercial antipathies, and the bringing the basis of which would be Presby- terian, with bishops as perpetual modof the people into a closer life together. erators." He cites the success of the Nationalism, especially among the stu- Y. M. C. A. in China as a further dent classes, continues to assert itself, proof of this and adds: "None of us can lament the decline of denominatho held in check as much by the wise tionalism, but we must carefully dis- Hindu leaders, who know the value of tinguish between that and Chris- British Government, as by the inertia tianity." To the question whether of the masses and the protective meas- Christianity is a spent force he gives ures of the government. India is feeling a decided negative. "If ever the hour her oneness as perhaps never before, in should come that the religion of Jesus spite of great racial and religious dif- should become extinguished in these western lands, I believe that reenforceferences. ments from China and Japan would 2. In all this enlargement and unifica- be forthcoming, and that the East would a second time give to the West tion our India missions have taken no the pearl of immeasurable price." unimportant part in that they have helped The New University for China to elevate the lower classes, to honor womanhood, and to provide proper edu- The demand for advanced univercation for the masses. Our missionaries sity education is growing among the are recognized by intelligent men through- Chinese. As many as 7,000 Chinese out India as devoted and successful la- students were recently enrolled in the borers in the work of bettering Indian University of Tokyo, and large numsociety. Nor has this political agitation bers of them are studying in Europe and America. In China itself schools and national impulse toward more self- and universities are being founded, government been without a beneficent in- but are not very efficient in general, fluence upon the native Church. It has and are, alas! of a strongly materialisproduced more self-respect and independ- tic bias. Hence there is special need ence, tho this is by no means an effect of Christian university training. A as far-reaching as one might suppose large commission, with graduates of who has read the press accounts. Oxford, Cambridge, Harvard, Colum- bia, Chicago, Stanford, and other 3. Our three Indian missions have ever American universities on it, and a local been at the front in union movements commission composed of representa- tives of various missions, met recently. among the foreign boards and churches It was decided to follow the English at work in the empire. Hardly a year plan of a group of independent colpasses without some new union schemes leges, each more or less complete in being reported as an advance upon those itself, but gathered about a common preceding. We in America would do well to study such movements toward organic unity and federation upon this mission field. This can be said even tho all the plans for union proposed and adopted have not yet become fully operative. Last year we reported a union of Presbyterian and Congregational churches into a "United Church of South India." A Union Theological College for South India is to be started within a few months, to be supported by the missions of the London Missionary Society, the United Free Church of Scotland, the English Wesleyan, and the Dutch Reformed Missions, and if possible by our own Madura Mission. In the Marathi field we hear of a proposed scheme of federation where organized union with missions of other churches is not yet feasible. A union paper is now in vogue in Madura.

center, with a common standard, a several of the localities, the women prescommon examination, and a certain ent and partaking of the communion number of common professorships, outnumbered the men. The other was and to utilize already existing institu- the very different feeling toward our tions in China. The movement is re- work on the part of the people generally. ligious and it includes all those who There was no rudeness anywhere, and call themselves Christian. University nothing of the usual curiosity-attracting professors and teachers must be men crowds. The new railroad, made entirely of strong Christian beliefs and with by the Chinese, makes the traveling keen sympathy with missionary ideals. easier and quicker. The center of one The locality which finds most favor field can now be reached in twenty-four is Wuchang, the seat of the vice-regal hours from Canton, whereas it formerly government of the two great provinces took five days. of Hupe and Hunan, with a metropolitan population in three contiguous Fruita of a Revival cities of over two million people. It is a famous seat of Chinese learning The recent revival in the Methodand contains the educational institu- ist Mission in Hinghwa City, China, tions of four leading missionary so- continued for over seven weeks. The cieties. It is also a commercial and remarkable things about the revival geographical center and its mandarin was the steady stream of confessions dialect is understood by all Chinese. of almost every conceivable sin. The following are a few instances: Chinese Home Missions The first confession was made by a Missions in China are no longer Biblical school student. He confest to wholly the work of foreigners, for the smoking tobacco and to having secured Chinese Congregational Missionary $2.20 of "unrighteous money." He gave Society was started by the Christian his tobacco box and the $2.20 to the pas- Chinese at San Francisco in 1884 for tor. A merchant who had been using doing missionary work in the Kwang- morphine to compound pills purporting tung provinces, from which have to cure the opium habit turned over to come most of the Chinese in the the pastor his entire stock of morphine, United States. While independent in valued at $180. Another merchant turned its organization, the society keeps in over his entire stock of cigarets. An old close touch with the A. B. C. F. M., man confest that when a boy he had takes counsel from the American mis- helped his father to bore out the eyes of sionaries, and relies upon them for a a thief who lived in their village. As the certain supervision in both spiritual victim is still living and in great poverty, and financial administration. It has this man resolved to ask his forgiveness one station, five out-stations, one and share his own living with hm. pastor, four evangelists, and one Bible woman, and supports three schools The Record of One Girls' School for boys and two for girls. Its work is most encouraging. The Fu-chau Girls' Boarding- school, the oldest Methodist school Advance in the Canton Region for girls in Asia, celebrates its fif- tieth anniversary thi" year. Some Rev. H. V. Noyes writes in the Her- interesting facts concerning this ald and Presbyter: school have been carefully compiled by Miss Bonafield and Miss Hu, I held communion services at 20 chap- from which the following are culled: els during my trip, and one of the Chinese ministers at three. I found 19 The enrolment for the present term is of our old Fati students at work at these 182, of which 166 are Christians. The different places. There were also some plant consists of four buildings valued Bible women at work who had been edu- at $10,000 gold, and four and one-fifth cated in Canton. Two things imprest acres of land are owned, valued at $5,000 me. One was the number of women who gold. The staff of native teachers conare joining the Church. Twenty-five sists of 4 Chinese professors and 12 inyears ago they were very few. Now, at structors who are graduates of the school. Altho the school was established in 1859, diplomas were first granted in 1888. Since the latter date there have been 117 grad- uates, 4 of whom have gone to Japan for further study, while 5 have been sent to the United States for the same purpose. Eleven of the graduates are physicians;

GENERAL MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE

8 are kindergartners; 23 have become with a personal invitation to accept preachers' wives, and 40 are teachers. Christ as a personal Savior from sin. Five are teaching in government schools. Prayer and daily personal work by each Christian in Korea. Third. A Rome'. Work for the Celestial. wide circulation of the Word of God. Pray that a copy of the Word may The first representatives of the be carried to every home and reach Papacy entered China before the every person in Korea with its inclose of the sixteenth century. In fiuence.-Christian Observer. 18IO the numbers are given as 215,- 000. In 1906 the baptized Christians Progress in I!(orea connected with all the Roman Catholic societies together numbered Remarkable results have been 952,935-after sixty-four years of the achieved by the missionaries of the freedom of treaty rights. In 1902 Northern Presbyterian Church. A the communicants of the Protestant worker writes that during eleven churches numbered II2,80S, and the months ending May 31, 1909, there baptized were probably over 200,000. were 6,532 adult baptisms; 23,892 There were 1,773 Roman priests, for- catechumens are on the roll; 87,177 eign and native, in 1906; and the are in Sabbath-schools; there are foreign missionaries, including lay- 120 students for the ministry; and men and ladies, of the other societies the mission has 840 church buildin 1902 were 2,785. ings. The members, numbering 25,- The Growth of Thirty Years 057, gave $80.499 in United States gold. This, considering the small in- For our encouragement it is well come of the Koreans, would mean at to recall some statistics published at least ten times what it would in the Centenary Conference, giving America, or $800,000. some idea of the growth of the Protestant Church in China the past The Korean Presbytery thirty years: Rev. W. B. Harrison writes in the 1876 1906 Christian Observer of the recent an- nual meeting of this body: Missionaries …………. 473 3,833 Stations and sub-stations.. 602 5,734 It was composed of about 12 Korean Ordained native preachers 73 and 30 foreign ministers, and 65 elders. Unordained native preachers 511 345 The average attendance of visitors was Bible women …… , . . . . . . . 90 5,722 equally as large as the number of dele- gates. The new spacious theological Churches …………… 312 894 seminary building furnished an admira- Communicants ……….. 13,035 ble place for this gathering. The meet- Contributions, Chinese silver 178,251 ing throughout was orderly, earnest and spiritual. A very interesting session of the dollars …………….. 9,271 301,263 Presbytery was held in the Central Pres- Number of societies at work 29 82 byterian Church for the ordination of 8 candidates to the full work of the min· KOREA istry. The congregation was limited to 2,000 by the size of the building. In re- "A Million Souls for Christ" ply to an earnest call, one of these or- dained men is to go as an evangelist to This is the watchword adopted, to the Koreans in Russian territory just October 9, 1909, by the general coun- north of Korea, where several groups are cil of the Protestant missionaries in already established. The salary of these Korea at the annual meeting in evangelists is paid by the Korean Church Seoul. This is one soul a month for at large. In the case of the other or- Christ for each of the 80,000 Chris- dained men, the church or group of tians in Korea. churches calling them provide their salaries. Already plans are being made for: First. United prayer by mission- Presbyterian Part of the Harvest aries and Christians for the outpouring on all Christians and upon the At the annual meeting of the unconverted, convincing of sin, of Korea mission, and the twenty-fifth righteousness and judgment. Sec- anniversary of the founding of Protond. A house-to-house visitation

estant mission work in Korea, held have a membership of over 70,000, in the city of Chai Ryong, a few and the church-membership was inmonths since, the key-note which creased last year by over ten per cent. There are nearly 500 ordained was struck in all the exercises Japanese workers and over 600 un- ordained male workers, and over 200 seemed to be "How wonderfully God Bible women. Nearly 100,000 scholhath wrought." are are being taught in more than 1,000 Sabbath-schools. Seyeral of the At the close of this twenty-five larger churches have organized misyears of seed-sowing and harvest sionary societies which are extend- ing the work in Japan, and some of gathering there are in Korea, in them are supporting evangelists in Formosa, Korea, Manchuria and connection with the Presbyterian China. Church, nearly 100,000 Christians, of whom about 25 per cent are baptized An independent, self-supporting, self-propagating church has been bemembers of the Church. gun, which is rapidly gaining in There are 1,000 helpers, colpor- numbers and influence. The Prot- estant Christians gave for Christian teurs and school-teachers, tut these work last year nearly 300,000 yen do not include the army of unpaid ($150,000). There are nearly 4,000 students in Christian boardingleaders and unordained pastors schools. There are also nearly 600 Christian kindergartens and other found in everyone of the more than day-schools where 8,000 students are 1,000 groups. Ninety per cent of the being taught. About 400 students are being trained in the theological paid workers are paid by the Ko- schools, and 250 women are being reans themselves. taught in Women's Bible schools.

JAPAN Japanese as Toilers and Givers Jubilee Celebration According to The Pacific, the Jap- anese church of Seattle, Rev. M. Rev. J. D. Davies writes as fol- Kubushiro pastor, has received during the year 21 members of lows in the Advance: whom IS joined upon confession of faith, making a total membership of The semi-centennial conference in 46. The pastor is a graduate of commemoration of the planting of Prot- Pacific Theological Seminary. Reestant Christianity in Japan was held in cently Mr. Mayagawa, one of the Tokyo, October 5-10. This gathering foremost Congregationalists of Jawas characterized by the utmost harmony pan, addrest a number of meetings and was largely attended, especially by repre- under the auspices of this church, sentatives of the Japanese churches. The filling a large hall with audiences of spiritual tone of the conference was of high Japanese, many of whom had no preorder, and its results will be of great benefit vious interest in ChristIanity. The to the work in Japan. These are, in treasurer of the church raised $600 brief, as follows: 1. The conference from the Japanese of the city for the showed that, with a single exception, the expenses of these meetings. Protestant churches in Japan are one in heart, in aim, and in work. 2. It showed Miss Alice P. Adams, of Okayama, the cordial union and cooperation of the Japan, has recently been presenting Japanese and foreign workers. 3. It will to audiences of Japanese in the cities be a help toward the union and federa- of the Pacific Coast the needs of her tion of the different churches in Japan. social settlement work. She has not 4. It emphasized the greatness of the work yet to be done.

The one great hindrance to the perfect success of the conference was the attitude of the bishops of the American and English Episcopal Church. They united in a communication to the conference to the effect that, as some of them were excluded by the name Protestant, they could not come into any formal relation to it altho they extended brotherly greetings.

Growth of a Half-century There are nearly 600 organized churches, of which more than one- fourth are self-supporting, including the pastor's salary. These churches

GENERAL MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE

appealed to the American churches instruction, the number being limited but to the Japanese themselves; and simply by their strength. It is a most they have publicly thanked her for remarkable record. The urgent need is giving them the opportunity to help for a corresponding work among men. in work for their own country. Miss In Tunis the missionary has done effect- Adams secured recognition for her ive work among both Mohammedans and work and a subscription from the Jews, and the women missionaries have Japanese consul in New York, and not only Mohammedan classes for womfrom the Japanese minister to the en and girls, but also access to about United States. 100 Moslem houses. A more promising opening could not be hoped for. But the A Japanese Institution Berbers or Kabyles are the most reach- able Moslem people-being the descend- In acknowledging gifts toward the ants of the early Christians of Africa, largely European in blood and complexsupport of the Kobe Orphanage, Ja- ion. Independent missionaries, poorly equipped and supported and unorganized, pan, sent by readers of The Christian, have yet won remarkable successes. In Mr. Arthur Stanford gives the fol- one station I visited there was a large lowing information: Christian community. I know nothing like it in Mohammedan lands. The Ber- This orphanage is one of many and bers or Kabyles aTe our opportunityvarious indirect results of missionary la- perhaps the key to the Moslem line. bor. It was started by Japanese Chris- There are a number of qualified Christian tians without suggestion from any mis- Kabyles available for employment as sionary, and during the eighteen years of mission agents. its life has been wholly conducted by these Christians. There is a good plant, How Native Christians Give with healthy' location and buildings; there is a small industrial department, where In a recent letter, Rev. A. F. Hena few of the older boys are taught shoemaking; other older boys are apprenticed sey, of the Foreign Christian Missionto various callings. Older girls are placed ary Society, gives the following inin suitable positions. teresting particulars of the liberality There are about 100 orphans in the buildings-many of whom, boys and of the native Christians: girls, are sent regularly to the public schools. The Christians in charge are The Church at Bolenge understands members of the Kumi-ai (Congrega- that giving is as much a "grace" of the tional) Church. Christian as are brotherly love and prayer and charity, and as such must be AFRICA maintained. The members think of noth- ing else but conscientiously consecrating Assiut Presbyterian College to their Savior and Master a proper pro- portion of their entire income, no mat- A recent report states that the ter from what source it may come. A present session has the large attend- gift is shared even as one would share ance of 600 students. The enrol- a blessing with a friend. There is no ment for the last college year, 1908-09, thought of duty in the sense of an was 787; the enrolment of the Press- onerous burden, but they give because ly Institute~the school for women they feel that it is the only proper way -was 315, making the enrolment and relationship to their Father. for the two schools I,I02, and the indications are that the enrolment Cannibal Now a Preacher for 1909-10 will exceed that of last year. The faculty consists of 27 Royal J. Dye, a medical missionmembership, 14 Americans and 13 Egyptians. Of these the permanent ary of the Disciple foreign board, at American staff now consists of 5 members. work in the Kongo Free State, re- Methodists Work in Algeria lates a story of conversion which is Rev. E. F. Frease reports: worthy to be bound up with the most brilliant chapters of "modern Our women missionary workers in Al- miracles" in non-Christian lands. geria have some 150 French and 150 Kabyle women and girls under regular Bonjolongo, the head of an impor- tant family in one of the most blood- thirsty of the Kongo tribes, served seven years in the native troops of King Leopold. Participant in many of the "puni-

tive raids" ordered by Leopold's of- The Quick and Powerful Word ficials against towns that did not pay the tax, Bonjolongo was especially Kagoma, a native Christian at Luprominent as a leader in the expedi- anza, in the Kongo Free State, can tion against the village of 1saka, be- explain his conversion only in the cause the people there were heredi- quaint words, "I was startled to find tary foes of his own tribe. The raid that Christ could speak Chiluba on that town gave him opportunity (Kagoma's native tongue). I heard to execute a vengeance, that he had Him speak out of the printed page been taught to cherish from child- just as surely as a white man can hood. He feasted gluttonously off hear his father or mother speaking the bodies of his dead enemies. to him in a letter thousands of miles away." When Bonjolongo had served his time in the military levy, he returned While attending the missionary to his own village, and there for the school Kagoma received a copy of first time heard the message of Jesus the Gospel according to John, in his Christ, preached in 1njolo by itin- own language. As he became too erants from Dr. Dye's station at big for the elementary school, he Bolenge. Curiosity led him to visit went his way in sin, but he clung to Bolenge. When he found that he his Gospel as a fetish. Speedily he could not tempt away the native was becoming the usual bleared-of- Christians there to take up the old eye negro in whose unhallowed hut heathen practises again, he was so Jesus Christ is the Great Unmentionimprest that he paid more and more able, but he was reckoning without heed to the Gospel, and finally with God and without the Word of God, his whole heart accepted It. which is not bound, and to which he continued to cling, and which he read. Returning forthwith to his home One day the assertive call, "Follow town, he amazed his neighbors by me!" came from its page to the sinfreeing his slaves, renouncing his stricken heathen. God stared at him plural wives and redeeming at great from every page and shouted in his cost the little daughter whom he ears, until at last, by the power of had sold to be the slave wife of a the Holy Spirit, the simple word of chief-sacrifices that wiped out his God brought about his conversion. wealth. Then he preached to his fellow villagers so earnestly that a An African College Graduate great number of them embraced the faith and joined him in building a Twenty years ago Miss Elizabeth chapel. McNeill, a Methodist missionary at Cape Palmas, Liberia, was the means Opening of the Cairo Y. M. C. A. of rescuing a young woman of the Grebo tribe from a cruel death. The A branch of the Y. M. C. A. was woman was converted and was bapopened in Cairo, Egypt, a short time tized with her baby girl, whom she ago. Its rules and regulations will later entrusted to Miss McNeill with be, as closely as possible, those of the request that the child be trained the Central Y. M. C. A., and the for Christian service. usual activities will be carried on. The membership is confined at pres- Bralah, as she was called, made a ent to men of British and American brief visit to this country in 1892, nationality. The National Council when she was three years old, but of the Y. M. C. A., London, has ap- speedily returned to Liberia and repointed a full-time secretary for mained in the mission until 18g6, organizing the work, who will pro- when she was brought again to this ceed to Cairo at once. The rooms country. After four years in the are at 29, Charia Abd-el-Aziz, in a public schools in Philadelphia, she conveniently central position. went to 1nhambane, Portuguese East Africa, for two years, during

· 1910] GENERAL MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE

which her education was continued sionary papers call attention to this under the care of the missionaries. increase of Roman Catholic workers, Then she returned to the United because on account. of the well-de- States and attended the High School fined policy of that Church it threatin Monrovia, Cal., and finally en- ens already existing Protestant mistered the University of Southern sions to a large extent. California, from which she received her degree a short time ago. The Fight Against the Sleeping-sickness in Africa Her case is cited by her instructors as "big with promise for those who The Berlin Missionary Society has believe in a future for the negro received a peculiarly valuable and race." She herself has exprest the most suitable gift. Professor Schillopinion that with the same advan- ing, the great medical authority, has tages which she has enjoyed, and presented to it the manuscript of a with the same tender, loving care as treatise concerning the fatal sleepwas bestowed upon her by her ing-sickness, its origin, prevention, friends, the whole Grebo tribe might and cure. The treatise is to be be changed in a single generation. printed in the missionary printing establishment, and copies are to be Henry Henderson Institute at Blantyre sent to every missionary of the so- An interesting ceremony took ciety in Nyasa, Africa, because the place one day last August, at the fearful disease has been discovered Blantyre Mission of the Church of upon the English shore of Lake Ny- Scotland, which is located in the asa also. God grant that a remedy Shire region, south of Lake Nyasa. for it will be soon discovered. Mrs. Bruce, daughter of the great missionary explorer David Living- ISLANDS OF THE SEA stone, laid the foundation-stone of the Henry Henderson Institute. The A Hero in Life and in Death Institute is to provide facilities for the higher education of native young Says the Interior: men connected with the mission, and it is named after Henry Henderson, Captain A. C. Walkup, the missionary who selected Blantyre so wisely for sailor of the South Seas, who died of the site of that important and re- exposure endured during twenty-two days markably successful mission. Mrs. of drifting in an open boat after his ves- Bruce met with a warm welcome on sel, the Hiram Bingham, was wrecked in this her first visit to the scene of her a storm, was a country preacher in Illifather's explorations. nois twenty years ago. He gave up his charge in order to go out under the Roman Catholic Missionary Zeal American Board as a missionary in the islands of the South Pacific, in a region The German Colonial News reports where mails came and went only once a that the steamer Herzog alone year. His wife died after some years, landed 36 missiona.ry laborers in the and he came back to America with his end of August ill German East three little children, but as soon as he had Africa. Of these four only were found a home for them, he hurried away Protestants, the others all being to his voluntary exile again, far too shy Roman Catholic reenforcements. to accept the many invitations that came The four Protestants, nine priests to him to stay and lecture in the churches and eight nuns went to Kilindini, on his work. The Board made him cap- British East Africa; two priests and tain first of the Morning Star and then of one lay-worker went to Dar es Sa- the Hiram Bingham. But his promotion lam, in German East Africa, and the did not make him a whit more able to other ten priests and two nuns were talk about himself. He still went on his destined for Chinde, Portuguese quiet way, sailing from one to another East Africa. Well may German mis- of the myriad islands. Thousands of the natives he knew by name, and he treated them with a genuine personal brotherli- ness. The story of how heroically he cared for his black crew during these ter- rible three weeks adrift, saving at length all lives but his own, will remain for many a generation one of the most noble stories of missionary martyrdom.

Opium Prohibited in the Philippine. scientific research with regard to them.

The spectacle of a nation renoun- Thus he was a valuable and induscing a large revenue on moral grounds has been before the Eastern trious member of the committee of world for more than a year. The ;,merican Government has prohib- the British aAnsdiaFtiocreSigoncieBtyib,leaSnodcietthy~ Ited absolutely the traffic in opium the Royal in the Philippine Islands, and made its use in any form a crime, and the Royal Geographical Society. possession of it by any person a crime. At the same time, the medi- Mr. Cust's services in India were cal use is safeguarded by stringent laws that do not allow indulgence in especially distinguished, and his stedthe drug. This prohibition of opium has now been· in force long enough fast declaration of his faith in the to make it interesting to our readers to know some of the results. In- L?r~ Jesus Christ was a great aid to quiry from reliable sources shows that the law is enforced, that prohi- mmiIssssiIoonnearryofefAfomrtr.itsaOrn, che~ when combition is absolute, and that Ameri- publicly atcan officials in the Philippine Islands have succeeded in largely stamping tended the baptism of several conout the habit, and they are determined to prevent opium entering the verts. The Calcutta Government Islands by smuggling. called him to order for it, but he boldly So it can be said without fear of contradiction that the opium traffic and successfully vindicated his Chris- tian right to be present.

During the closing years of his life he was closely connected with the work of administration of missions, and be- came a vice-president of the C. M. S.

Committee and a member of the Lon- don J~ws Society Committee, at the sa:n~ tIme always ready to help other ~Isslons ~lso. He had a large share m managmg the General Missionary Conferences of 1877 and 1888.

in the Philippine Islands has been Rev. W. T. Gidney, of London supprest, or, at least, is classed as extra hazardous, and is on a par with The cause of Jewish evangelization dealing in illicit firearms. That such lost one of its ablest and most eloquent results have been obtained is cause advocates when Rev. William Thomas for congratulation to the United Gidney died in London on October II States Government. Would that the 1909. He was only fifty-six years of British Government took a similar a,ge, and for exactly one-half of that stand with reference to the opium time he was connected with the secretraffic, but in India Government has tariat of the London Jews Society. the monopoly of its manufacture. It Graduated in 1875 from Jesus ColleO'e will hav.e fi:st to rid itself of being Cambridge, he held the curacies bof accomplIce 111 the fact before it can several congregations of the Church make the traffic illegal.-Indian Wit- of England until he became deputaness. tIon secretary of the London Jews So- ciety in 1881. Soon he became asso- OBITUARY ciation secretary, then assistant secre- Dr. Robert Cud, of England tary, until in 1900 he was appointed secretary, which office he held until The news of the death of Robert his death.

Needham Cust evokes the feeling that ~r. Gidney. was a very quiet and a truly great man has fallen, He was se!'lOus ~an, dIfficult to get acquainted a wonderful linguist, for he had a WIth, as It seemed to the writer when working knowledge of eight European he. first met him. But he was a 'loyal and eight Asiatic languages. His fnend, whenever he gave his friend- great works on the languages of Af- ship, a true Christian, and tireless in rica and the languages of the East his abundant labors for the Master in Indies laid the foundation of modern the sphere of missionary activity to which he had been called. He was an faltered in her work of love and aid earnest student of the Jewish problem, till the Bishop died. Since then she of sound judgment, and of great his- has lived with her daughter in Japan. torical knowledge as far as Jewish missions are concerned. He was in- Charles N. Crittenton, of New York tensely loyal to his Church and to his society, of which loyalty his many The founder of seventy-three Florbooks bear abundant testimony. His ence Crittenton Rescue Homes and latest and most important work was Missions for Girls all over the world, "The History of the London Jews Charles N. Crittenton, died of pneu- Society from Its Foundation in 1809 monia on November 16, seventy-six to Its Centenary." Vve noticed and years of age. After the death of his praised it in our columns at the time youngest child, Florence, in 1882, Mr. of its appearance. Others of his Crittenton, who had built up a large books are, "Missions to Jews," "Sites wholesale drug business in New York, and Scenes," "At Home and Abroad," decided to devote himself to evangelisand "Jews and their Evangelization," tic work and spend his entire time in which all will continue to prove help- endeavoring to better the condition of ful and stimulating to the student and unfortunate girls. He spent the next the friend of Jewish missions. four years in night work in the slums of New York, but, after a trip to the We have scarcely ever met a Gen- Holy Land to strengthen his broken tile Christian who understood the health, he visited all the larger cities difficulties and hindrances of the work in the world, studying the condition of evangelization among the Jews as of the poor and finding out their needs. well as Mr. Gidney did. He was al- A chain of more than seventy rescue ways seeking to remove the hin- homes and missions in various cities drances, to overcome the obstacles, here and abroad, all bearing the name and to enlarge the work. Under his of Florence Crittenton, was started guidance, by the blessing of God, the and the National Florence Crittenton work of the London Jews Society has Mission was incorporated. The homes prospered, while his influence was ben- are for mothers, children, and helpless eficial to the work of Jewish missions girls. There are two in New York in general. His death will be felt by City, one in San Francisco, one in the cause at large, and our sympathy Tokyo, one in Shanghai, one in Mexgoes out to the London Jews Society ico City, and so on in the big cities. in an especial manner, as its chief About five years ago Mr. Crittenton counselor has entered into rest. purchased a private car and fitted it up as a home for himself and co- Mrs. Schereschewsky, of Japan workers, making a tour of visiting the different missions scattered across the The widow of Bishop Schereschew- continent twice a year. While he was sky died in Japan on August 20, 1909· on such a tour of inspection, he caught Miss Susan M. Waring went to China a bad cold in San Francisco. Pneuas a missionary of the Protestant Epis- monia developed and quickly ended his copal Church in 1867, and two years useful life. later became the wife of Rev. Schereschewsky, who was then just Inspector Rappard, of St. Chrischona commencing his great life-work of translation. To him she was a true The Pilgrim Mission of St. Chrishelpmate indeed. Through the long chona, Switzerland, suffered the loss years of his practical helplessness she of its inspector, C. H. Rappard, on supported and cheered his efforts. All September 20. Born in 1837, he was his private letters were written by her educated in St. Chrischona and in and he frequently mentioned her de- Edinburgh and, after brief missionary voted cooperation. Altho nearly blind activity in Alexandria and Cairo, befor the past seven years, she never came director of Chrischona in 1868. HISTORY OF CHRISTIANITY IN JAPAN (A). study, both theoretical and practical, By Otis Cary, D.D. 2 vols. Illustrated which are connected with such an in- 8vo, 800 pp. $2. SO, net, each. Fleming stitution. This book contains from H. Revell Co., New York. 1909. eighty to ninety papers, prepared by almost as many writers, and covering Here is a monumental work. It is a wide range of themes, from Semitic an achievement worthy of a man who philology and Oriental archeology, for thirty years has wrought in Japan through the various departments of as a missionary field. Dr. Cary has Biblical study, modern church creeds, spared no pains to give to the public politics, pUlpit and pastoral activity, a careful, candid and exhaustive his- worship, the Sunday-school and young tory of mission work in the Sunrise people's societies, schools, colleges, the Kingdom, and incidentally he has fur- press and its products, the family and nished no small part of the history of social life, home and foreign misthe Island Empire itself. sions, etc. It is in its way encyclo- pedic. Of these two volumes, the first is given to Roman Catholic and Greek Where scores of writers contribute Orthodox missions, and the second to on a vast variety of topics, neither Protestant. The whole work em- unity of sentiment on their part, nor uniformity of acceptance on that of braces nearly 800 pages. When we readers could be expected. Some began to read it, it was not without views, here embodied, are very radical, apprehension of finding it somewhat others equally conservative; some tedious, if only from length, and a re- flavored with extreme "higher crithearsal largely of familiar facts, for icism," and others moderate, reverent, Japan's last half-century at least, has devout and practical. not been hid in a corner. But, despite all that has previously been written THE MISSIONARY MANIFESTO. By Rev. G. Campbell Morgan, D.D. 12mo, 157 pp. on Japan by so many gifted pens, we 75 cents, net. Fleming H. Revell Co., found Dr. Cary to have the rare gift New York. 1909. of clothing much that is old with a new charm, beside bringing to light This is an able exposition of the much that is novel and valuable. great commission of Christ to His dis- dples. Dr. Morgan analyzes the The work is, in a way, an encyclo- words of the Master found in the pedia of the subject it treats, and, so four Gospels and discusses the funfar as we have yet examined, we have damental principles of missions confound these volumes classic in style tained in them-the authority of the and comprehensive in matter, charita- King, the evangel to creation, the bly generous, and judicially impartial, witnesses, the remission of sins and while the author shows exceptional !he resource and responsibility. Here IS an unanswerable statement of the talent in making his narrative spec- duty _of the Church to conduct worldtacular and pictorial in vividness. It wide missions. A pastor who folis not only a great work of reference, lows the argument must of necessity but makes exceptionally delightful become a missionary advocate. The reading.. . cure for lack of interest in world- wide work is a closer fellowship with All lovers of missions will wish to Christ. read Dr. Cary's work, and especially those who are interested in that re- THE ORIGINAL RELIGION OF CHINA. By markabk nation that, more than any Jo~n Ross, D.D. 8vo, 327 pp. Ss, net. other in the Orient, has during the last half-century made mighty strides for- Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier Edinward toward the leadership of Asia. burgh. 1909. '

RECENT CHRISTIAN PROGRESS. By Lewis In the popular mind Confucianism Bayles Paton. Macmillan Co., N. Y. is looked upon as the religion of China-tho it is in reality not a re- The seventy-fifth anniversary of Hartford Theological Seminary suggested a series of papers on recent developments in those departments of ligion but a system of ethics. Dr. Ross commends most highly the Yale and treats of the early religion which pre- Pennsylvania missions as giving unvailed in China centuries before Con- limited opportunity for influence. The fucius and which forms the basis of five millions spent in missionary work their religious ideas. It is the most each year is held by the author to be ancient religion of which there is any a very small return for the trade which trace-The Chinese ruler Fu Hi ante- Europe and America enjoy with China. dating Noah and the flood by five centuries. The early religion, as it The notes on missionary work are was developed three thousand years few but friendly, for the purpose of ago, gives the first clear idea of their the book is not to show what the religious beliefs. The people wor- Chinese need or what is being done shiped and offered sacrifice to the for them, but to show what the Lord of Heaven-the one and Su- Chinese are in character, surroundings preme God. They believed in demons and customs. and spirits, subject to God, and trusted in the care of an intelligent, just, all- FIFTY YEARS IN CONSTANTINOPLE. By wise, benevolent and almighty provi- George Washburn, D.D., LL.D. Illusdence. They used no idols or images trated, 8vo, 317 pp. $3.00, net. Houghin worship; there was one temple ded- ton, Mifflin Co., Boston. 1909. icated to the worship of ancestors, but none dedicated to the worship of God. Dr. Washburn's history throws a An altar to God could be erected any- flood of light on many features of the where. There were no special priests, situation in Constantinople and the goodness was enjoined and wickedness "storm center" of Europe. Probably denounced. Prayer was made not for no living man is better qualified to pardon but for guidance and for fu- write on Robert College than the reture favors. There was a belief in cent president, who resided in the future rewards and punishments, and Turkish metropolis for nearly hal£ a a heavenly life in the presence of God. century. He has known the college from its foundation. The description Here is no evidence of an upward of Constantinople and the story of evolution of religion in China but Turkish history are merely the backrather a subsequent decay. The book ground of the picture and story of is a distinct contribution to the study the colIege. of comparative religion. In a seventeen-page introduction, THE CHINESE. By John Stuart Thomp- Dr. Washburn gives a brief history of son. Illustrated. Maps. 8vo, 441 pp. the progress of events in Turkey' dur- $2.50, net. Bobbs-Merrill Co., Indian- ing the past fifty years and points out apolis. 1909. their influence on the recent revolu- tion. For sixteen centuries Constan- We know of no very recent book tinople has been an imperial cityon China that is of more general in- first, as the chief city of Christendom; terest in its range of topics and that and now, for nearly five hundred at the same time is of such real value years, the capital of the Moslem world. as an introduction to the study of the In the last half-century it has changed Chinese. Mr. Thompson describes from a free, easy-going city of the the daily life, the humor, the politics, Orient to a commercial center with the art and literature, commerce and modern bondage and bustle. In the business, diseases, superstitions and last fifty years the Young Turks have religions of the Chinese. grown in power and American mis- sionaries have brought in new ideas of Mr. Thompson looks upon the r~­ education. This period has been full mission of the Boxer indemnity on the of changes, with bloodshed, riot, part of America as a move of un- tyranny, oppression. A tribute is paid usual brilliance on account of its in- to the ability and energy of the late fluence on China in welcoming Amer- Sultan, Abdul Hamid, while his selfish, ican trade and education. He also cruel and oppressive spirit is recog- CHILDREN OF INDIA. By Janet Harvey Kelman. Illustrated, 12mo, 9S pp. Is, nized. 6d, net. Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, The history of Robert College is Edinburgh. 1909.

remarkable and full of interest. It MISSIONARY HEROES IN AFRICA. By John C. Lambert, M.A., D.D. Illustrated, was founded and built up by strategy 12mo, 155 pp. 75 cents, net. J. P. Lippinand perseverance and, for its size, has cott Co., Philadelphia. 1909. few equals for influence on history. THE SPIRIT OF YOUTH AND THE CITY Here have been trained manv of the STREETS. By Jane Addams. 12mo, 162 pp. $1.25, net. Macmillan Company, leaders in Turkey and the neighboring New York. 1909.

countries-Greece, Egypt, Bulgaria, THE CLOISTl:R BOOK. For Shut-in Wor- shipers and Pastorless Congregations. Rumania. The recent bequest of By David James Burrell, D.D., LL.D. Frontispiece, 12mo, 340 pp. $1.00. $1,500,000 by John S. Kennedy will American Tract Society, New York. mean a useful increase in their equip- 190;>.

ment. HELEN E. MOSES, OF THE CHRISTIAN WOM- AN'S BOARD OF MISSIONS. By Jasper T. NEW BOOKS Moses. Frontispiece, 12mo, 192 pp. $1.00, net. Fleming H. Revell Co., New TURKEY IN TRANSITION. By G. F. Abbott. York. 1909. 8vo. Longmans, Green & Co., New York. 1909. CHILDREN OF CHINA. By Colin Campbell Brown. Illustrated, 12mo, 96 pp. Is, 6d, IN THE FORBIDDEN LAND. An Account of net. Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, a Journey into Tibet, Capture by the Edinburgh. 1909. Tibetan Lamas and Soldiers; Imprison- ment, Torture and Ultimate Release. PAMPHLETS By A. Henry Savage Landor. 8vo, $3.00. Harper & Bros., New York. 1909. A MODERN PENTECOS,T IN SOUTH CHINA. By William Nesbit Brewster. Introduction LABRADOR-THE COUNTRY AND THE PEOPLE. by Wilson S. Lewis. Illustrated, 56 pp. By Wilfred R. Grenfell. 8vo, $2.25. Single copy 12 cents. Ten for $1.00. Macmillan Company, New York. 1909. Mrs. W. N. Brewster, 64 William Street, Delaware, Ohio. 1909. AROUND AFGHANISTAN. By Major de Bouil- lane de Lacoste. 8vo. D. Appleton & THINKING ABOVE WHAT Is WRITTEN, OR, Co., New York. 1909. THE EXALTATION OF HUMAN WISDOM ABOVE THE WORD OF GOD. By I. M. Hal- NATIVE LIFE IN EAST AFRICA. By Dr. deman, D.D. 30 pp. Ten cents. Karl Weule. 8vo. D. Appleton & Co., Charles C. Cook, 150 Nassau Street, New York. 1909. New York. 1909.

THE CRIME OF THE KONGO. By A. Conan THE NEW RELIGION; OR, ATHENIAN CUL- Doyle. 12mo. Donbleday, Page & Co., TURE AND CHRISTIANITY. By I. M. Halde- New York. 1909. man, D.D. 30 pp. 10 cents. Charles C. Cook, 150 Nassau Street, New York. THE HISTORY OF CASTE IN INDIA. By Shrid- 1909. har V. Ketkar. 12mo. Taylor & Car- penter, Ithaca, N. Y. 1909. THE KINGDOM OF GOD. By Rev. Joseph K. Greene, D.D. 31 pp. Joseph K. Greene, GANGAI'S PILGRIMAGE. By Rev. A. C. Clay- D.D., Constantinople, Turkey. 1909. ton. 2s, 6d. Robert Culley, London. MISSIONS CHILDREN-THEIR TEACHERS AND 1909. FRIENDS. By William C. Griggs, M.D. My TRAVELS IN NORTHWEST RHODESIA. By Illustrated, 57 pp. Baptist Forward Movement for Missionary Education, Rev. G. E. Butt. Edwin Dalton, Lon- Philadelphia. 1909. don. 1909. OUT OF THE DARKNESS. By Andrew D. IN TOUCH WITH CHINA'S SCHOLARS. By Stewart. 3s, 6d. Religious Tract So- Wm. Wilson, M.B., C.M. Illustrated, ciety, London. 1909. 24 pp. 6d, net. China Inland Missions, THE STORY OF ISLAM. By Theodore R. W. Newington Green, N., London. 1909. Lunt. Is, 6d, net. Church Missionary Society, London. 1909. IN TOUCH WITH CHINA'S SCHOLARS. Sup- LIBERTY OF CONSCIENCE UNDER THREE plement. Illustrated, 11 pp. China In- CZARS. Struggle for Religious Liberty land Missions, London. 1909. in Russia, 1856-1909. By Robert Sloan Latimer. Cloth. $1.50, net. Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. 1909. THE LIVING CHRIST AND DYING HEATHEN- ISM. Translated from the third Ger- man edition by Nell Buchanan. 8vo, cloth. $1.75, net. Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. 1909.

The Missionary Review of the World — 1909 Index

crhe~issionary CJ?.e'lJiew

of the World VOL. XXII. NEW SERIES VOL. XXXII. OLD SEHlES JANUARY TO DECEMBER, 1909 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF REV. ARTHUR T. PIERSON, D.D.

ASSOCIATE EDITORS REV. J. T. GRACEY, D.D. REV. D. L. LEONARD, D.D.

J. REV. STUART HOLDEN REV. LOUIS MEYER MANAGING EDITOR DELAVAN L. PIERSON FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY NEW YORK LONDON

BY FUNK & WAGNALLS COMPANY Printed in the United States MAPS AND CHARTS PAGE PAGE Africa, British East ….••.•….••.••• 661 European Foreign Missionaries ……… . 1 Russian Empire, showing Spread of Islam. 739 Annam , ……………………….. . 679 Time on the Mission Fields ………… . 1 Arabia ………………………… . 721 Turkish Empire …………………. . 179 – Unexplored …………………… . 732 World and the Distribution of Missionaries 1 American Foreign Missionaries ……… . 1 Worldwide Prayer Circle ………….. . 1 British Foreign Missionaries ………. . 1 Cbina and Other Countries Compared…• 113 ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE PACK Africa, Bishop Hannington Crossing a Asia Minor, Where Rogers and Mauer were Killed, Adana …….•…….•.. 600 Stream in …………………..• 653 – Child Lite in Rhodesia ………….. 572 Bingham, Hiram …………………. 50 – Four Christian Kings of ………… 661 – Hartzell Band, Liberia ………….. 568 BUnd, School for the, Oorta, Asia Minor.. 178 – Livingstone Hut ……………….. 241 Bliss, Daniel, Statue of ……………. 328 ~ Luxury in the Mission Field. A Mis- Booth, William ………….•.•..•..•.. 451 Bowen, Dr., In Constantinople ….•…… 169 sionary's Home in Rhodesia …….. 571 Brown, Samuel R. ……………….. 503 – Members of OMclal Board in Loanua Buddhist Idols in Burma …………… 360 – Monk at Prayers ………………. 360 Methodist Church, Angola ………. 570 Burma, American Mission Press, Rangoon. 367 – Methodist Congregation at Quiongua, – Baptist College at Rangoon .•…….. 361 – Baptist Mission at Tharrawaddy .••… 360 Angola ……………………… 569 – Faculty of Rangoon ColJege ……… 365 – Native Evangelist Preaching at Nya- – Mud Pagoda in ………………… 360 – Vinton Memorial Church .•.•••…•.• 364 hudis Kraal, E. Central. … To face p. 561 Burmese Jungle Service ……………. 362 – Old Umtali Methodist Mission, East – Priest with Matted Hair •.•…•…… 363 – Village Chapel ………•…..•….. 362 Central ..•………………….. 567 Chicago Evangelistic Campaign •.•••..••• 321 – St. Andrew's M. E. Church, Umtali, China, Headquarters of the Christian Liter- Rhodesia …………………….. 573 ature Society …….•…………. 641 – School and C'hurch in Rhodesia ……. 574 – Hospital at Tien-Tsin, given by Li ~ School Teachers in Loudon ………. 425 Hung Chang ••..•…• _.. _To face p. 593 Alaska, Point Barrow and the Aurora…. 90 – Li Hung Chang .•……… To face p. 592 – Sheldon Jackson and the Reindeer …. 91 – Scene in Modern •.•………..•….. 31 American Seamen in Japan ………… 673 Chinese C. E. Badge ……………… 685 Annamese Drummers ……………. . .. 677 – Christian Family . • . . . . . . . • . • . . • . • • • • 30 Arabia, Muscat Harbor·……………. 735 – Graduates of Peking University ….•. 28 – Walled Town ………………….. 737 – Revival Service ………………… 686 Arabs at the Arabian Mission ………. 733 Christian Endeavor Convention at Bombay 841 Armenian Orphans Van. Turkey ……..• 174 Church Union in Mission Fields .•••.••.• 403 Asia Minor, One of the Improvised Tents, Constantinople, Bible Translators in …… 169 – College Women ….••….•…•…••• 171 Adana …………………..•… 603 – Cyrus Hamlin's House …..•..•..•.• 16 – – Operating Room In Talos Hospital.. 173 Departure of tbe "Caravan," 1812……. 104 Dowager Empress of China ……….•.• 25 – – Rellef Camp, Adana …………•• 602 Dube, John L. •..•.••..•.•.•••..•.•••• 913 – – Ruins of Abkarian School, Adana .• 601 Dube, Mrs. John L. .••..•.••••••••••••• 914 – – Some ot the Armenian Women taken Captive by the Turks, Adana….. 605 – – View of Adana and the American Mission .. :………………… 599 – ~ Where Hundreds of Armenians were Shot Down, Adana .••.•••••••••• 600

PAGE PAGE Duncan, William ………………… . 765 Peking University ………………… 27 Fijian Dance .••..•.••..•….•••…••.. 519 Persian Girls at Fiske Seminary ……… 349 Firemen of a Transatlantic Liner ……. . 670 Peru Collection Box . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 211 Fiske, Fidelia. …………………… . 341 – Roman Cs.tholic Inscription ………. 213 Fiske, Fidelia, Birthplace of ….••…… 342 Fort Simpson in 1857 ………….•..• 766 – Roman Catholic Priest in ………..• 215 Hamlin, C'yrus …………………..• 19 Hamlin, Cyrus, and Family .•…..•….• 17 – Sweating Image ……………….. 212 Hamlin, Cyrus, in 1&34 …………… . 11 Post, George E. ..•……………….. 887 Hamlin Homestead ……………….. . 13 Hamlin Monument ……………….• 20 Prince Chun of China …………….. 26 HamJin's Steam Engine …………… . 15 Ramabai's Praying Band …………..• 289 Hannington, Bishop, and the Natives …. . 657 Rangoon, Moslem Mosque at ………… 360 Hannington, Bishop, Crossing a Stream … . 653 Rome, Methodist Building in ………… 411 Hannington, Bishop, in Africa……… . 659 Russia, Moslems In ………………• 744 Hannington, Bishop James . ………… , 660 Russian Comic Paper ………………. 745 Harris, Townsend ……………….. . 498 – Mobammedan Famlly ……………. 743 Hepburn, J. C. . …………………. . 500 Sailors' Institute, New York ……….• 669 Holland, London Jews' Society Meeting In Salem C'ongregational Church ……….• 81 R()tte<dam …………………. .. 111 Salt Lake City, Utah, Westminster College 89 Hunt, John, Grave of ……………… . 521 India, Arcot Seminary Students …….. . 439 Scandinavian Sailors ………………. 670 – Baptist Mission, Serampore ……… . 908 Sch.."UM, Job-ann L. ………………. 921 – Christian Convention Tent in Jubbelpore 118 Schwartz, Monument to …………. . . .. 755 – Dr. Scudder's Dispensary … ……… . 434 Scudder, Missionary Tree …………… 430 – Lombadl Bridal Group ………….. . 287 – Lombadl Dance ……………….. . 286 Scudder Monument ………………. " 440 – Mission House, Dornakal …………• 286 Scudder, The Missionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 401 – Native Missionaries …………….. . 284 Seamen's Bethel, Naples …………… 670 – Catechists •……………………. 283 – Home, Antwerp ………………… 672 Indian Cemetery at G<sh,m, Ohio Sidon Orphanage Dormitory …………. 170 – Syria, Girard Institute …..•.•…..• 172 To face p. 801 Student Volunteers at Mount Holyoke Semi· Jackson, Sheldon ………………….• 88 Japan, Anti-Christian Bulletin Board …. 490 nary …..•.•………………… 356 "'"sl, On" of Livlngst<>ne's Body Guard… 26'7 – Martyr Rock ………………….•• 491 Syria, Girard Institute, Sidon………… 172 – Sidon Industrial School …………. 175 – Reformed Church In Yokohama ……. . 507 – Tripoli Boys' School ….. . . . . . . . . . . .. 686 – Yesterday and Today …………… . 481 Syrian Boys in the Carpenter Shop……. 922 – Confirmation Class •………••….. 925 Japanese Samurai •…•………•..••• 505 – Girls' Sewing Class …………….. 923 Jerusalem Leper Home … ………….. . 177 – Orphans' Home, Jerusalem ………. .. 920 – Sunday School Convention Tent in … . 409 Syrian Protestant College Athletics …… 333 Jessup, H. H. . ………………….. . 161 – – – Beirut …………………… 327 JUdson, A.doniram ..•••………•…… 1Q5 – – – Buildings ………………… 329 – – – Chap",l • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 33Q Krishna-Pal ..•..•……………•…. 903 – – – Library ………………….. 331 Kuang Hsu, Late Emperor of China …..• 26 – – – Officers and Teachers……….. 167 Laws, Robert ……. ……………… . 423 – School for the Blind, Oorta ……..•.. 178 Leg!ac, Paul ……………•………. 76<1 ralos Mission Hospital, Asia Minor …… 173 Leper Home. Jerusalem ……………. . 177 Tonga Christis.n Leader and his Wife …. 837 Liggins, John …………………… . 492 – Warrior ..•..••..•……………… 835 Livingstone, David ……….•………• 263 Tongas, Preaching to the ………….. " 833 Livingstone Hut, Central Africa ……… . 241 Tripoli, Pupils of the Boys' School……. 688 Livingstone Monument in Africa …….. . 271 Trowbridge, Stephen …………… 443, 749 Livingstone Monument In Scotland …. '" . 273 Tunis, North Africa Jewisn Girls' School.. 93 Livingstone Tree with Inscription. ……. . 269 Turkey, SGme ot th.. Makers 01 New….. 1117 Livingstonia, Preaching in …………. . 424 – Village Chief in .••.••….•……… 750 – Workshop at ..•………….•…… 427 Turkish Chief's House …………….. 751 Lyon, Mary …………………….. . 351 – School Boys in Armenia …………. 753 Mackenzie, John Kenneth ………….. . 587 Van, Armenia, Rescuing the Orphans …. 174 Madagascar, Cave in which Bible was Hid. 189 Venezuela, La Guayra, the Chief Seaport of 813 – Last Kabary …………………. . 195 – Presbyterian Mission C'hapel in Caracas 814 – Martyr Precipice ………………. . 197 – Selling Bread in the Streets of Caracas. 815 -Martyrs …..•…..•……………. 187 Verbeck, Guido F. …………………. 501 – Palace Church at Antnanarivo .•…… 193 Vocabulary, English, Maqua, Delaware and Masatsuna, Okumo ……………….. . 511 Metlakahtla. Alaska ••….•.••..• _.•••. 763 Mohican …•………… To face p. 801 -Church ……..•…………•…… 766 Washington, Arlington Hotel ……….. 416 – Councilmen …………………… . 773 – School Room ….•..•……………. 767 – Convention Church in……………. 415 – Sunday School Teachers …………• 767 Meyer, F. B. …………..•…..••.•.• 407 – National Capitol in ..•.•.•………. 413 Missionary ,settee, In Salem ………… . 100 Westminster College, Utah …………… 89 Mount Holyoke Choir .•……………• 355 – – Missionary Tablet ………….•.• 352 Zelsberger's Grave in Indian Cemetery at – – Seminary In 1837 .•………….•• 343 Goshen, Ohio ………………… 801 New York, Bible Distribution in …….. . 913 Ordination of First American Misslonaries_ 101 – Preaching the Gospel to the American Perry, Commodore ……………….. . 487 Indians ……………………… 821 Perry, Monument, Japan ..••••.••••…• 494 – Schonbrunn, First Christian Settlement In Ohio …………………….. 831 Zulu Boys at the qua.rry …..•….•..•. 91S – Boys in the Carpenter Shop. • . . • • • . • •• 919 – Industrial Farm ……………….. 917

INDEX

AUTHORS PAGS PAGE ADAMS, CYRUS .••……•…•.•.•.•…• 456 KRUG, ADOLPH W • • • . • • • . • . • . • • . . • • • • • • 209 ANDERSON, EMMA D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 LEONARD, D. L . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • 247 ARNOT, F. S. . •••.•..•••••••.••••••..• 203 LESLIE, EDWIN •••••••••.•••.•••.•••••• 119 AzARIAH, V. S. •••..•.•…•.•.•.•••.•.• 283 LEVONIAN, LOUTFI •••.••.••••.•.•••.••• 125 BEAMAN, W. F. …………………•• 368 LINTON, J. H. .•………………….• 933 BEAVER, JAMES A. .•••…•.••.•••.••••• 931 MACGILLIVRAY, DONALD ••. . . • • • . . . . • . • •• 113 BmLE, F. W. . •.•…•..••..•…•.••.•• 682 McFARLANE, A. J. ••..•….•…..•….. 109 BLISS, FRED'K J. …….••…..•.•…•• 32 MARSHALL, EDWARD A •••••.••.•..• 372, 695 BLISS, THEODORA •.•••….•…..•.••… 40 MAY, MRS. ELLEN ••……••..•…..•.. 817 BOWEN, CHARLES A. …………..•…. 497 MEYER, LOUIS ••••••.•.••…….•.• 92, 887 BRAIN, BELLE M•••••.. 11, 187, 263, 341, 431 MORRILL, GUY L. .••••••..•••..•••••••• 932 MUSTAKALLIO, Yoos .••..•..•.•..••.••• 846 487, 585, 651, 763, 821, 903 NEELD, F. L ••••.••••.•.•••.•…••.••• 525 BROAD, LuCY .•…••••••…….•••••.• 518 NELSON, W. S. ••••.•.•.••.••..••…•• 687 BRODHEAD, J. P. ………..•………. 838 OWEN, GEORGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 BURGES, RICHARD . . • • • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 117 PALMER, FREDERICK ……..•.•..••.•.. 530 C'ANTINE, JAMES .•.•..•••………••.•• 732 PANTON, D. M. .•.•.•.•…•••••.••..••• 689 PHINNEY, F. D. ………………….. 47 CARTER, GEO. WM. .•.•.•.•••……••.•• 911 PIERSON, ARTHUR T. . •…… 21, 89, 225, 334, CHAMBERLAIN, JACOR ………….•…. 277 CHAPMAN, KATHARINE E. •.•….••..•..• 853 418, 727, 807, 896 CHIEF LEFT HAND .••..•….•..••.••.•• 292 PIERSON, D. L. …………………… 407 CLARK, FRANCIS E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 840 POND, MRS. T. S. ••••.•……•..•.•…. 812 COVER~', WILLIAM C. •.•…..•..•…..•• 201 RIGGS, CHARLES T•.•……….•… 167, 441 CRAFTS, WILBUR F. …••.•.•.•.•.•..•• 39 RUSSELL, C'HARLES E.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 451 DAVIS, J. D. . ….•………………. 506 RUTHERFURD, JOHN .•••.•.•.••.•••..•• 754 DODGE, D. STUART .•••.•••••…•.•••••• 327 DOOLITTLE, GEO. C. ••••••••..•.•••..•• 927 SAILER, :r. H. P .•………………… 929 DOTY, E. I. ……………………… 132 DUNLAP, MRS. E. P ………•……….. 370 SANRORN, J. W. .•…•••…••.••.••..••• 129 DYER, FRANCES J. •••••••••••••••••••• 49 SCOTLAND, JAMES S•.•.•.•..•.•..••..•• 811 FARIS, PAUL P. . •.•••.••••••.••••••••• 135 SCOTT, T. J. …………………….. 894 FELTUS, GEORGE ….•••••.•••….•.•••• 275 SHEDD, WILLIAM A. •.•.••…..•.•• 775, 843 FLAGG, MRS. E. L. .•…•••••..•..•.••• 119 SMITH,J. A. LIVINGSTON …..•……..• 851 GALE, JAMES S. ••.•••..••.••.•••••••.• 645 ST. JOHN, WALLACE •••…….•…..•..• 360 GOFORTH, JOHN …•.•••…••.••••….. 613 GRACEY, LILLEY R. .•..•..•••.•••••..•• 357 STEWART, J. L .••.••..••.••••••.••..••• 446 GUINNESS, GERALDINE .••……•.•••..•• 211 HARTZELL, J. C. ••.•….•..•……….. 565 TAYI,OR, JAMES H. .•.•.•.••.•.•.•••..•• 258 HAUGHWOUT, L. M. A ..•.•.•.••…..•• 217 TAYLOR, J. HUDSON •••.•..••..•.••…•• 583 HEADLAND, ISAAC T. .•..•.••..•••..•.•• 24 TROWBRIDGE, S~'EPHEN ..•• 125, 185, 599, 748 HOLE, MRS. EDGAR T ……••.••..••…. 524 HOOKER, HENRIETTA E. •••.•…•…….• 353 UPCRAFT, EMMA r. ………………… 685 HORS~'MAN, J. H. •..•..••••••.••.•.•.•• 920 HUNTER, GEO. McP. •……•..•…….• 668 UXKULL, BARON WOLDEMAR………….. 35 IWAI, MR. ……………………….. 53 VAUGHN, J. G•.•…••••••••••.•.•••..•• 662 JAFFRAY, R. A. ….••.•••.•••.•••..•.•• 677 JANVIER, C. A. R . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 WANG, C. T •.•.•…•.••.•..••…••.•.• 124 JOHNSTON, JAMES .••..•..••..•.••.•.•• 422 WHERRY, E. M.••••••.•..•..•..•.•..•• 674 WHITE, STANLEY •…•.•….•…..• 198, 513 WILCOX, W. C. ………………. 833, 915 WINSHIP, A. E. ••••.•.•.•.••••.••…•• 855 YOSHIO, Cmo •••.••.••..•.••••……•. 373 ZWEMER, S. M. .•.•..•…. 137, 181, 664, 739 SUBJECTS* PAGE PAGE Abyssinia, A Plea from……………. 883 Africa, Central, A Cry from ….•…•..•• 718 – Swedish Mission Work in (a) ……… 295 – Conflict In ……………………. 716 Afghan Christian Martyr …………… 69 – Convention In Llvlngstonla ……….. 151 AFBICA. (See also Abyssinia, Algiers, – Crowded Meetings In Liberia……… 871 Bgypt~ Garenganze, Kameruns.. KDngo, – East, Call from Kenia ………….. 239 Lwingstonia, Morocco, Natal, Nigeria, – East, Christian Unity in British ……. 802 Nyassaland, Sudan, Tongas, Uganda.) – – Islam in German… . . . • . . . . . . . . . .• 163 – American Methodism in (a) J. J. Hart- – – New Medical Mission In. . . . . . . . . . .. 75 zeIl ………………•….•.••… 565 – – Roosevelt Preaches in. . . . . • . . . . . • .. 873 – and the East In London ……….•… 622 – Equipping a Church In…………… 576 -Baganda Teachers ………………. 554 – European Methodist Work tor……… 470 – Blackman's Continent ……………. 716 – Exodus from Tanganyka …………. 314 – Can be Civilized (b) DeWitt C. Snyder. 937 – German Colonies in……………… 955 – Cape to Cairo Railroad ………….. 462 – Gospel Among the Tongas, W. C. Wilcox 833 – Christian Commonwealth at Chlsamba .• 151 * Referc;nces to kindred sl;1bj eets are indicated by italici!1ed w~rds in parenthesis. The letter (a) indi· cates an arhc)e ovc;r 3 pages In length; the letter .(b) a bnef arhcle from one to three pages in length.

All. other subjects 1l1dexed al'e less than .one page m length. The number of the month when any given found by +d,v80,dm=g6,the 1nu=m7be(rJuolfy)t.he page 548, + article appeared may be page by 80 and adding 1 to the unit so obtained. For example:

PAGE PAGE Africa, If Islam Should Possess……… 313 Anti-Saloon League (Temperance)…….. 63 – in Transformation (b) Cyrus Adams … 456 ABABIA (MeGca), Progress in ……..• 709 – Inland Mission ..•………….. 699, 938 – Why? (a) S. M. Zwemer ……..•••.• 664 – Islam and ChrIstianity in (b) Bishop of Arabian Mission, Twenty Years of the (a) Salisbury ……………………. 691 James Cantine ……………….. 732 – Light Breaking in ………………. 871 Arctic Mission, A New ……………… 715 – Methodist Bishopric in. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 394 Armenia (Asia Minor, Turkey), Help for .. 405 – Methodists Share in Africa. . . . . . . . . . .. 150 Armenian Relief ………•………•… 710 – Missionary Work in…………….. 954 Armenians Starving …. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 947 – Modern Slavery in .•………•…… 885 Arnot, F. S.. Tidings from ………….. 718 – North, Changes in …. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 244 Ashmore, William, Death of…..•……• 476 – Other World Conditions ………….. 872 Asia (See alSO Afghan, India, etc.) -Past and Present (b) J. G. Vaughn … 662 – Presbyterians Share in ………….. 150 Asia Minor. (Armenia) Letters from the – Progress of Missions in. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 149 Scene of the Massacre, (a) Stephen – Prosperous Presbyterian Mission …… 630 V. Trowbridge ……………… ,.. 599 – Reaching after Light in Dark (b) A. W. – – Tour Among Moslem Villages in (a) Krug ……………………….. 209 Stephen Trowbridge ……………. 748 – Roosevelt in …………………… 393 Assassination and Education. EditoriaL.. 779 – Schools in Uganda ……………… 872 Al1S'1'BALIA, Awakening in ……..• , 882 – Slave Labor in…………………. 955 – Missionary C'onference in…………. 720 – South, Boer and Briton in ……….. 794 Australian Methodist Missions …….••.• 634 – – Christian Endeavor in…………. 794 Austria, Protestant Movement in……… 726 – – Church Union in……………… 956 Bahel, A Modern Tower of………….. 619 – – Famine in …..•…………….• 463 Baganda Pastors ( Uganda), Self Sacrifice –Golden Rule in……………….. 630 –Laymen's Movement in …………. 165 of …………………………. 795 – – Mission Crusade in Cape Colony…. 812 Ballou, Charles E., Death of. ………… 475 – – Progress in DuM's School………. 463 Baptist (EngIi8h) Missions …………. 308 – – Unifying .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 395 – Southwest, A Shame in………. . . . .. 955 – – Missionary Society Work …•..••.• 945 – Steps Toward Union in ………….. 884 – Societies Out of Debt…………… 541 – Story of Mulungit (a) .. ,. '" ……… 577 – Southern Convention ………..•… ;. 543 – Suffering in ..•..•……………… 149 – Woman's Missionary Union ……….. 71a – Thanksgiving in •. • • • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 314 Baptists give Ear ………… . . . . . . . . .. 943 – Unganda the Missionary Marvel. . . . . . .. 631 Baptists' Share in Missions ……..•….• 381 – Union Missionary Conference ……… 872 – Southern …………………….. 465 – United Presbyterian Success In… . . . .. 871 Barnardo's Homes ………………… 623 – Waking Up ..•….•…………….. 955 Barriers to Missions within the Church, – West, Recent Jottings from (a) F. S. (a) Wm. C. Covert ……………. 201 Arnot …..•.•.••..•………….. 203 Beacon Lights in Mission History-Sheldon – – Romanlsm in ………………… 794 Jackson, (a) A. T. Pierson… . . . • . . • 89 – Woman's Life In..•……………… 795 – – – – (a) Bishop Bompas …..•••.• 255 – Work at Cape Palmas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 719 Beirut College (Syria) Crises………… 243 – Zulu on Temperance …. , …… , …… 873 Belgian Missionary Society Proposal… . .. 791 African Christians as Givers…. . . . . . . • .. 237 Belgium, Growth of Protestantism in. • . • .• 710 – C'hristians, Consecration at ………. 314 Bennett, A. A., Death of….. . . . . . . . . . .. 956 – Convert, An …………•……….. 717 Berea College and Co-education………. 88 – Lad, Courage of an (b) Mrs. E. T. Berlin, Bibles in (Germany) ………… 230 – Jerusalem SOCiety …………….•.. 948 Hole …….••.•……………… 524 Bertrand, L. J., Death of ………….. 554 "Beshair-es-Salam" (b) ……………• 51 – Mode of Torture ..•……………… 796 BIBLE Colportage In Hungary………. 712 -Names ………………………. 462 – Conferences, New ………………. 780 – Rulers and Missions ……………. 461 – Distribution in New York, (a) Geo. Wm. – The, as a Gospel Worker in Natal (b) Carter ……………………… 911 J. P. Brodhead ……………..•.. 838 – in Jernsalem, The ……………… 472 —-1 "Training College" ……………… 630 – in Preparation, A New Yiddish …….. 636 – Translation at the Bible, A New…… 75 – its own Missionary, The (b) T. J. Scott 894 ALASKA, Christian Endeavor Among – not out of Date ………………..• 864 Eskimos •. . . . • . • • • • . . . . . . . . . . . . •• 311 – Preeminence of the ……•………. 635 – Mission Burned In………………. 862 – Reading Among the Laos ………….• 390 Alaska's Awakening ……………….. 166 – School Needed for Burma .. . . . . . . . . . .. 145 Algiers (North Africa), Methodists in .•.• 553 Bible Society (American, British, /ilcotch, Ament, W. S., Death at . …………….. 240 AlII[EBICA (Alaska, Canada, Central, New York, etc.) Chine8e, Home Missions, Memico, – – Coptic …………………….. 325 Panama), God's Crucible ……….• 463 – – The Oldest and Largest………… 864 – Religious Statistics for 1908. . . . . . . . . .. 224 – Study and Translation ………….. 486 – Wealth In .•…•..•……………. 224 – – In Germany ………………… 309 American Bible Society ..•…. . . . . . . . . . . 63 – – in Korea ……………….. 236, 552 American Boa.rd (Congregational) Colleges – Translation in Africa …………..• 75 In Turkey …………………… 305 -:- Travels, How the ….•…………..• 545 – What a. Can Do (b) …………….. 935 –Marathi Mission ……………… 474 Bibles for Koreans ………………… 784 – – Report .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 225 America's First Foreign Missionaries, (a) – in Berlin …………………….. 230 – in Many Tongues ……………….. 63 Belle M. Brain ……………….. 100 Big Brother Movement …………….. 543 Annam or French Indo-China (a) R. A. Bingham, Hiram, (b) Frances J. Dyer ••.. 49 Biographies, Missionary ……………. 640 Jaffray …..•..•………. ,……. 677 Blind, Education of the, in Korea..•..•..• 235

INDEX

PAGE PAGE Bompas, Bishop, an Apostle of the North, Books. My African Journey, Churchill. 397 (a) A. T. Pierson , …………… . 255 – New York Charities Directory, H. R.

BOOKS. Adrift on an Ice Pan, W. T. Hurd …………. , …… ,……. 639 Grenfell , •……………….. , .• 638 – O-Heart-San, Haskell ……………. 320 – African Girl, an, Beatrice W. Welsh …. 639 – On the Wings of a Wish, Major … ,… 159 – Among the Wild Tribes on the Afghan – Other Girls, Snell ………….•….. 159 Frontier. Pennell ……………. . 555 – Parson in the Australian Bush, Matthews 397 -.-; :Apologetics 'of Modern Missions, J. – Peru, Gulnness …… ,………….. 317 Lovell Murray … , ….. , 878 – Preacher, The: His Person, Message and – Apostle of Alaska, John W. Arctander .. 637 Method, A. S. Hoyt……………. 639 – Aunt Africa, Golloek …………… . 959 – Psychic Treatment of Nervous Disor- – Behind the Veil in Persia, Hume-Grif- ders, Dr. Paul Dubois ….. ,……. 879 fith ••……….•……………. 556 – Quaint Subjects of the King .. , . . . . . .. 798 – Benares, Cope ………………… 478 – Quiet Talks with World Winners, Gor- – Bible Correspondence School, Scofield.. 399 don …………… , …… ,……. 317 – Black, Bishop of the Niger, Page …… 477 – Resurrection Gospel, Robson ………. 557 – By the Great Wall, Letters of Isabella – Satan, Chafer ……….. ,………. 958 Riggs Williams ……… , …….. . 878 – Scofield's Reference Bible…………. 555 – Chinese Atlas, Stanford …………. . 78 – Sifting of Philip, Tomlinson ………• 558 – Christian Reunion, Spence ………. . 557 – Sodal Degradation, Spencer .. ,……. 480 – Christian Science in the Light of Holy – South America, Its l,iissionary Problems, Scripture, Holdeman ………….. . 797 Bishop Thomas B. Neeley … ,., ….. 878 – Christianity and the Religions, Lloyd .. . 797 – Spain Today from Within, Manuel – Church Federation Council ………. . 80 Andujar ………….. ,……….. 638 – Converted Catholic ……………..• 400 – Spirit in the Word, McIntyre ……… 480 – Daybreak in Korea, Baird…………. 798 – Standard Bible Dictionary … , ……. 479 – Daybreak in Turkey, Barton ……… 319 – Stewardship and Missions, Cook …….. 319 – Decision of Character, Foster ……… 959 – Stewart of Lovedale, Wells ………. 477 – Dr. Lee, Broomhall …………….. 559 – Study of Comparative Religion, Jerons.. 79 – Edith Stanton's Opportunity, Gruche … 799 – They Must, Kutter ……………… 798 – Far North in India, Watson ……….. 799 – Things Korean, Allen …. , … , . . . . . .. 399 – Forward Movement, Hymnal ………. 317 – D. M. Thornton, Gairdner ,……….. 477 – From Darkness to Light, Mary Helms.. 877 – Tibetan Outposts, Ekvall .,……….. 399 – From Zoroaster to Christ, Mackechan.. 959 – Tom, Dick and Harry, Frances M. Boyce 640 – Frontier, Platt . , …………….. , .. 160 – rrusting and Toiling ……………. 400 – Futnre Leadership of the Church, Mott. 158 – Twenty Years in Persia, Wishard. . . … 77 – George Brown, Autobiography …….. 478 – Turkey in Revolution, Buxton ……… 797 – Glimpses of Indian Life, Streatfield 318 – Upward Path, The, Mary Helms. . . . . . .. 877 – Gospel In Latin Lands, Francis E. & – Ventures Among the Arabs, A. Forder.. 877 Harriett A. Clark ………. , … ,.. 638 – We Two in West Africa, Guggisberg … 799 – Guide to Books for Workers Among Mos- – Why and How of Foreign Missions, lems, Gairdner ……………….. 78 Brown ……….. , …………… 317 – Heart of the Stranger, The, Christian – With the Afghans Field………. . . .. 318 McLeod …………………….. 640 – Witness of the Wilderness, C. Robinson – Heathen Buck, A ………………. 959 Lees ……………….•……… 877 – Heroes of Modern C'rusades, Gilliat ….. 479 – Word and the World, Fiske ………. 959 – Heroines of Missionary Adventure, Daw- — World Book of Temperance, Crafts….. 79 son ……………………….. 479 – Young China, Moule ……………. 557 – History of the London Jews' Society, Books, New …….. 320, 400, 480, 560, 640. Gidney .. , …… ,…………….. 77 799, 879, 960 – History of Missions in India, Richter.. 318 – that Missionaries Read ……. '" ….. 698 – Home Mission Handicraft, Beard … . .. 558 Boon Itt Memorial, Siam ………….• 390 – Idolatry, Alice Perrin …………… 639 Booth, General William ……. ,…….. 381 – Intoxicants and Drugs in All Lands, Booth, William, and the Salvation Army, Crafts ………………………. 559 (a) 0'. E. Russell ……………… 451 — Introduction to Christian Missions, John- Borneo, Progress in ………………. 76 son ………………. , ………• 398 – The Shaking of Dry Bones in ………. 563 – Islands of the PaCific, Alexander…… 319 Boston Churches. Editorial ……….. , 139 – Jewish Questions, Green .,………. 957 – Orient in …………….. ,…….. 542 – Joy of Bible Study, Lees …………. 558 – Revival ………………………. 245 – Jungle Folk of Africa, Milligan. . . . . . .. 397 Boys, Successful Works for Wayward (b) – Korea in Transition, James S. Gale ….. 878 A. E. Winship ……………… ,. 855 – Leadership, Brent ………………. 158 Boxers Again in West China, ………… 725 – Letters from a Workingman …… ,… 639 Braham's Testimony (India) ………… 233 – Life of George Grenfell, Hawker … , … 958 Brazil, An Ambassador in……. . . . . . . .. 468 – Life of James Robertson, Gordon .,… 398 – Protestant Progress in …………. ,. 228 – Little Egyptian Cousin, McManus…… 320 – Statistics of Churches In,………… 157 – Little Grecian Cousin, RouIet …….. 320 British (See Bible, English, etc.) Medical – Marcus Whitman, Eells ………….. 958 Missionaries …………………. 228 – Martyr's Isle, The ……………… 799 – Volunteers ……………………. 469 – Mission Studies, Pfeiffer …………. 159 Buddha's Ashes … :………………. 782 – Mission Study Class Leader, Sailer, … 160 Buddhism and Christianity, (b) Chiyo – Missionary Achievement, Whitley .. . . . . 77 Yoshlo … , ………. , …… ,….. 373 – Missionary Heroes in Asia, Lambert …. 479 – and Christianity through Japanese Eyes. 702 – Missions In Orient, Richter .. , … ,… 79 – Facts and Faith of (b) E. A. Marshall. 372 – Missions in the Plan of the Ages, Carver 398 -New (a) George Owen ……… , ….. 375 – My Father's Business, Marian H. Fiske. 638 – Temple in Hawaii ..•.. , ..•….. , .. , ZZ7

PAGE PAGE Buddhists Invade England ………….• 66 China, Revival Movements in………… 483 Buenos Ayres (South America) Students of 468 ~ Self-Governing Society in ………… 783 Bulgarian Priest Converted …. . . . . . . . . .• 824 ~ Sowing In Stony Places In (a) A. J. Burdette's Home Mission Appeal. . . . . . . . .. 861 Bl1BllIA, Bible School Needed for……. 145 McFarlane ..•…..••••…..•…..• 109 – Christian Missions in (a) Wallace St. – Spells Opportunity .•..••…..•..•..• 70 – The God Who Clan Move London, (a) John ..•…..•..••……………. 360 – Six Years In (b) F. D. Finney. . . . . . . • 47 J. Goforth …•.••…………..•.. 613 Burman Rice, Christian ……………• 709 – Tour of Inspection …………..•..• 864 Calculations, Curious ……………… 379 – rract Society …………………• 704 Calcutta (India), Religious Congress in … 883 – Fuchau College ………………..• 551 Calendar, Missionary tor January (b). . .. 10 Canada Congregationalist In West Africa.. 151 – Union Education in western (b) W. F. – Doukhobors in …………………. 467 Beaman ……… ;……………. 368 Canadian Missionary Policy .•………. 5 – National Missionary Convention, (a) J. – – Medical College …………… 626, 951 – – University …..•……….•…… 951 L. Stewart •…….•. • . • . . . . . . . . . .• 446 – – Woman's CoIlege …………….. 951 ~ ~ – Policy .•…………………. 321 – Up-to-date ………..•. . . . . . . • . . . . .• 868 Canal Zone (Panama), A Church in the … 634 – West, Boxers Again In…………… 725 Carey, William, A Tablet Unveiled to …. 874 – – Revival in ..•…………•…… 884 Carey's Beginning Recalled …………. 789 – Western Colleges Founding Colleges in Caste Among Christians in India…….. 302 – Replaced by Chivalry …………… 70 the Orient .••…………….••..• 627 – Women in …..•……………….. 71 Catholic Priest (Rome), Conversion of a .. 787 Chinaman, The Story of a …………. 862 Central America, the Need of (a) Fred- China's Antlchrlstian Campaign ……… 803 – Redemption, How to Hasten ………. 141 erick Palmer ……. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 530 Chinese and Mission Work in America …. 466 Central American Missionary Conference.. 545 Chalmers, James, A Martyr's Testimony… 874 – Anglican Church ………………. 869 Chang Chih-Tung, Death of. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 952 Chapman-Alexander Meetings in Australia. 882 – Cadets at Bible Study ………….. 702 Chapman and Alexander Tour. . . . . . . . . . .. 382 Chicago Christian Workers' Training School 64 – Christian C'ircle in America, (b) C. T. Chief Left Hand's Life (a) ………….. 292 Wang ………………………. 124 Cbildren's Prayers ………………… 780 Chili (South. America), Christian Endeav- – Christians Liberal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 784 or in ………………… , ….. 312 ~ Christians, Power of …………… . 952 – Church Union in………………… 564 – Goods News from ………………. 545 – Churches Nearing Self Support. …… . 70 – Priest's Warning to his Flock … , ….. 634 – Cleanliness Society ……………. . 784 – Consul's View of Missions ……….. . 142 CKI1II"A (Manchuria, Mongolia, Peking). – Dragon Awakening, (b) E. 1. Doty … . 132 – and its Dissensions …………….. 803 – EdUcator Converted … ………….. . 141 – and the Millennium ……………… 141 – Evangelists, The Power of ……….. . 704 – Girls Graduate in Medicine ………. . 391 – Another Case at Union ..•…..•.•… 869 – Givers for Missions … , ………… . 64 – Census …….•.•……………… 391 – Gratitude ……………………. . 784 – Changes In …..•…………… 72, 481 – Christian Literature Society for (a) – Home Missions ………………… 633 – Idol …………..•……………. 7.05 Donald MacGillivray …•..•…….. 113 – in America ……….. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 714 – Christian Press In …………. 869, 952 – in America, Missionary Work Among the 618 – in Hawaii …………………….. 720 – Christian University, a…………… 626 – Minister as School President………. 633 ~ Missionary Society ….•…………. 714 – Co-operation' in ….•..•…………. 71 – Native Preachers .. . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 303 – Deaf and Dumb in……………… 705 – Newspapers …………………..• 304 – Educational Movement for. . . . . . . . . . . .. 643 – Officials In a Girls' School….. . . . . . .. 551 – Evangelists for •….•…………•.. 550 – Officials Interested ………………. 141 – Forward Movement for ………….. 475 – Pastor in a Peking Church……….. 628 – Reform, Missionary Influence in (a) – German Missions In China ……….. 142 – How Dr. AshmQre Became Rich …….. 627 Isaac T. Headland …………….. 24 – Inland Mission …………….. 869, 945 – John Kenneth Mackenzie, the Beloved – School System ………………..•• 304 – Singing ..•.••.•……………….• 303 Physician of Tien-Tsin, (a) Belle M. _ Student Conference …………•….. 804 Brain ……………………… 585 – Methodism In ……..•………… 142 – – Volunteers …•………….. 482, 551 – Students in America …… . . . . . .. 156, 952 – Missionaries Barred from German Schools _ Women Coming Into Notice……….. 551 in .•……………………….. 952 – Women's Rights ……………….. 391 – Missionary Leadership In…………. 951 Christ Mission Anniversary …………. 311 Christian Unity. Editorial …….•…… 69 – Moslems In ….•……. . . . . . . . . . . . .• 234 ~ Endeavor Among Eskimos ………… 311 – Moving Forward ……………….• 868 _ National C. E. Convention, (b) Emma – Endeavor Convention in China, (b) Emma I. Upcraft ……. . . . . . . . . . .. 685 I. Upcratt .••……………•…•• 685 – – Convention in India ……. . . . . . . .. 389 – New Regent at …………….. , …. 627 – – in Chili ….••.••…………..•. 312 -~in Samoa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540 _ Pastor Hsi of (a) Mrs. E. L. Flagg…• 119 – – In South Africa .•……………. 794 _ Phenomenal Overturnings in………. 234 –in Spain •..•.••……………… 230 ~ Progress in ..•…..•………..•..• 951 -~ in the Arctic Circle …………… . 308 _ Recent Signs In …………….•.•• 81 – Remarkable Conversion, a………… 618 – – Movement In Mission Lands, (b) – Revival Among Aborigines………… 304 Francis E. Clark …………•….. 840 __ In Central .•……..•……..•… 323 – Literature Society for China, (a) Don- – – In Nanking ..••.•••••••.••.•.•••• 642 ald MacGillivray .•••••..•••.••.•••• 113

INDEX

PAGE PAGE Christian Pronouns ……•.•……….. 940 Deaths, Dr. Stursberg, of Germany•….. , 956 – Workers' Equipment. Poem. J. Hud- – WlIIiam Waddell, of Zambesi .••.••..• 790 – Young, Rev. Egerton R., of" Canada .•.. 876 son Taylor …. , . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . • . . .• 583 De Forest, J. H., Honors to ……….•. , 237 Church and Missions According to Paul, Despotism, The Doom of •.•…..•……• 721 Deus Vult, Poem, Stephen Trowbridge …. , 185 (a) William Shedd …………….. 843 Disciples' Centennial …..•……….•.• 944 – and the Laboring Man…………… 6 – Council in Philadelphia ………….. 4 Disciples of Christ Campaign of Education 312 – Facing its Obligation ….•……….. 632 Distinct Missionary Responsibility. Edi- – Giving in England …….•………. 65 – Missionary Society in Mt. Kenia, East torial ……………•………..• 138 Distribution of Missionaries …………. 3 Africa ……..•………………. 151 Divorce, Increase of ………………. , 621 Dodd, John F., Death of ……………• 240 – Missionary SOCiety, Twenty Years or the 228 DonaUons Acknowledged ……….. 300, 700 – and Acknowledgements …………… 621 – Missionary Society's Report ……. 546, 622 Doukhobors in Canada ….. . . . . . . . . . . . .• 467 – Statistics Corrected ……………… 301 Dowkoritt, Geo. D., Death of ……….• 720 – Union on Mission Fields ………..•.. 401 Dube, John L., of South Africa, (a) W. – with a World Parish ……………. 786 – Work for Missions ……………… 63 C. Wilcox: …………………… 915 Churches and Missions, b) Editorlal…… 56 Dube's School, Progress in …………. 463 Cities, The C'hurch and the Crisis in (a) Duff, Alexander, the Missionary Statesman, A. T. Pierson …………•……. 334 (b) George Feltus ……………. 275 CITY MISSIONS (London, Chicago, New Duncan, William, of Metiakahtla, (a) Belle York, Slums, Toledo) …………… 790 M. Brain ……………………• 763 – Slums, Cost of the……………… 62 Dutch Missionary Societies …. . . . . . . . . .• 792 Colombia, Trouble in ……….. . . . . . • .. 801 Ecuador, Revival in ……………….. 801 Commercial Argument for Missions ..•… 236 Edinburgh Missionary Conference ……..• 865 Conference of Foreign Mission Boards, (a) Education BiII In England ………….. 154 – for Women in India…………….. 473 Stanley White …………•……. 198 – in China …………………….• 71 – on Missionary Education ……•….. 941 – in South India ………………… 301 – Young People's ……………….. 464 -in Western C'hina, (b) W. F. Beaman .. 368 Congregational (American Board) Growth – of the Blind In Korea, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 235 Educational Missionary Meetings, (a) T. Abroad ………………….. 381, 465 – Plans for Enlargement …………… 226 H. P. Sailer …………………• 929 Conklin, Rev. John W., Death of…….. 876 – Missions in China, (a) F. W. Bible …• 682 Constantinople (Turke,), Reaction at. Edi- – Movement for (;hina ..•…………. 643 EGYP'l' General Mission ………….. 697 torial ………………………. 378 – Mohammedans Baptised in ……….. 716 Continental Missionary Conference (Euro- – Moslem Work in Cairo ………….• 644 pean) ………………………. 710 – Unrest in …………………..•.. 406 Conversion, Remarkable .•………….. 618 – Work for Women in ……………• 150 Conversions of 100 Years ….••.•.. . • . .• 315 Egyptian Women Demand Liberty ..•….. 724 Co-operation In China ……………•.• 71 Egyptians, Independent ……………. 74 Coptic Bible Society ………………. 325 Emigrants, Safeguarding …..•………• 307 Country Churches and Missionaries……• 309 England (British London), in 1526 and In Cousin, George, of the L. M. S., Retires.. 65 1909 ……………………….. 307 Cuba (West Indies). Beneficent Work in .. 227 – Mormons Invading ……………..• 789 – Conditions in ………………..•.• 384 – OXford, Foreign Missions at ….•…. 789 – Methodists in ………………….. 467 England's Missionary Gifts … :……… 788 Cuyler, Theodore ..•……………•..• 223 Ephesus, In the Theatre at ………..•. 625 Danish Missionary Society.. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 792 Episcopal Apportionment Plan ….•..•.•. 943 Dates, Memorable Missionary (b) Editorial 9 Eskimo (Arctic), New Mission to the….. 715 Dates, Memorable Missionary …… 9, 100, 186. Eskimos, Religious Condition of the. . . • •. 861 Europe (Continental, Germany, etc), Islam 340, 584, 681, 774, 832, 902 Deaf and Dumb in China …………… 705 In ……………………•..••.. 724 DEATHS. W. S. Ament, of China . . . . . . . 240 Evangelism, Modern. Editorial ……•.•• 299 – William Ashmore of China ….. ' …… 476 – Charles E. Ballou, of New York..•.•.. 475 Evangelization, A World Scbeme at. . . . . .. 631 – A. A. Bennett, of Japan ………….. 956 – L. J. Bertrand. of Paris …………• 554 – Preparing for Worldwide ……..•.•. 801 – Chang Chih Tung, of China ………• 952 "Everyland, IJ a New Children's Magazine.. 465 – John W. Conklin ………………• 876 – Dhanjibbal Naurojl. of India …….. " 146 Exhibit, A Missionary …………..•.. 720 – John F. Dodd, of New York ……•. " 240 – British Missionary ……………… 384 – Geo. D. Dowkontt……………….. 720 Example. Another Good, in Giving. . . . . . .. 633 – Mrs. Harris of Tokyo .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 796 Fang Saint, A Little (a) A. T. Piers()n …• 418 – W!IIiam Harvey, of Egypt ……..••• 76 – George P. Howard, of Argentina ……. 554 Federal Council of Churches ……….•• 4 – O. O. Howard .•……….. . . . . . . . . .. 956 Federation (Union) of Churches …….. 245 – John Husband, of India ………….• 396 – Sound Doctrine on ……………… 156 – Sheldon Jackson ………………• 475 Fenelon's Prayer …………………. 857 – Father Jansen ………………… 316 Fiji, Indian Missionaries in. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 540 – Rabbi Ignatz Lichtenstein ………… 315 – Native Workers in ………………. 540 – Lilavatl Singh, of India …………. 476 Fijian Sketches, (a) Miss Lucy Broad..• 518 – Mrs. James Matheson, of London.. . . .. 299 Finland, Religious Conditions in……… 85 – C. W. Mateer, of China ………..•.. 76 Finnish Missionary Society …………•. 546 – W. H. Millard, of Cbina ……….•.. 396 —Fitty Years ot the (b) Yoos Mus- – Post, Dr. George E., of Syria…••..•• 876 – J. H. Ritterlll, of London….. . . . . • .• 396 takaIllo .••.•••••.•……•……… 846 – G<lorge H. Rouse, of India .••…..••• 4711 Fiske, Fidelia (a) Belle M. brain …•…• 341 Foes of Missions •••.•••• ,.,………… 61

PAGE PAGE Foreign Field, Visits to the………….. 245 Hawaii. Chinese in …………….. 720, 874 – Korean Pastor Needed in ……….. . 392 – Missions as an Aid to nome Missions .. 309 – – The Harvest of… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 635 Hawaiian Chinese Fighting Opium …… . 227 Foreigners In America (Immigrants) …. 380 Hebrew (Jews) Fellow Citizens …….. . 943 – – – Work Among …… . . • . . . . . . . .. 714 – and Strong Drink _…………….. . 470 Forman, Henry, Honored …………… 389 Hero in Common Life …………….. . 860 Formosa, Presbyterialllsm in. . . . . . . . . . . .. 235 Heroes Still Live, Christian ………… . 625 Forward Movement Churches, Two……. 942 Hicks. Harry Wade ………………. . 157 FRANCE (Paris), Demand for the Bible Higgins, A Man's Christian ………… . 944 in ………•………………… 865 Hindu (India) and Moslem Hatred ……. . 231 – EvangelizatlOn in ………………. 165 – Contribution to Medical Missions …… . 782 – Ex-priests In ………………….. 622 – "Holy Man" Converted …………. . 146 – Godless Schools in ……………… 470 – Temple Girls, Rescue of ………… . 707 – Intoxicants in …………………. 229 – View of Missions ……………… . 232 – Rellglous Situation in …………… 469 Hindus Alarmed and Astir .. . 949 – What Protestantism is Doing for (b) – Cheating God …………………. . 232 Katharine E. Chapman ………… 853 – Who Are the …………………. . 472 French Priests Denouncing Rome. . . . . . . .. 385 "Hiram Bingham" Lost …. …… . 786 Fraser, Sir Andrew ………•………. 379 – – Mission Ship ……………….. . 539 Freedmen (Neyroe.) take C'ourage ……. 465 – – Sails for the Gilbert Islands …… . 239 Freedmen's View of Lincoln ………… 310 Hiram College and Mission Study ……. . 464 Garenganze, Recent Jottings from (a) F. S. Holden, J. Stuart ………………… . 59 Arnot ………………………. 203 HOME Ili[[SSIONS (America, Berea, Mor- Garrison, William Lloyd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 223 monism) Negroes} Oklahoma} United German Medical Missions …………… 67 States) Campaign ……………. . 309 – Medical Missions ……………….. 711 – – Campaign, An Interdenominational. .. 87 – Societies, Annual Reports of… . . . . . . .. 623 ~ – Harvesters for tae West ……… . 944 – – in China ….. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 142 Home Missions Aided by Foreign Missions. 309 German Student Federation …………. 791 Howard, George P., Death of ..•………• 554 – – Conference …………………. 386 Howard, O. 0., Death of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 956 German Work Among Mohammedans. . . . .. 68 Howie, Goshen El, in Syria ………… . 306 Germans Want More Bibles …………. 865 Hume, Dr. Robert A. . ……………. . 783 GERJllEAJrT (Berlin), Missionary Litera- Hungary. Bible Colportage in ……….. . 712 ture In ..•………………….. 470 – Missionary Society in ………….. . 793 -Salvation Army in ..•……………. 67 – Year of BleSSing in ……. " …. " .. . 793 – Y. M. C. A. Conference in ……….. 644 Husband. John. Death of …………… . 396 Geronimo, A Noted Indian Chief ……… 311 Immigrants (Foreigners) and the Bible .. . 863 Gift, Results of One ……………….. 542 – Problem in America … , ……….. . 380 Gifts and Golf Balls ……………… 153 _ Saving the …………………… . 311 – from British Churches …………… 65 Immigrants Not All Bad.. . ……….. . 225 – of an Invalid for Missions……….. 62 Incentives and bJncQuragements in Missions, – of College Students to Missions …….. ]57 Great (a) Arthur T. Pierson …….. . 807 – of the S. P. C. K.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 468 IlII'DIA (Brahman, Buddhist, Burma, Cal- Gifts of the year …………………. 225 c'1ttta) Hindu), American Madura Mis- – Potency of Small ………………. , 315 sion ………………………. . 549 – of Wesleyan Women …………….. 152 ~ Appreciation shown by Gifts …….. . . 626 – Missionary in England …………… 788 – Barriers Removed in … , ………. ,. 782 – Needed, Many Smaller …………… 942 – Brahman Becomes a Christian ……. . 867 – Some Large Church …………….. 786 – Breaking Down Caste in … '.' …….. . 725 ~ British Colonel a Missionary . …….. . 868 Gilbert Islands, the "Hiram Bmgharn" sails for the ……………………… 239 – British Rule in ……………….. . 301 Givers for Missions, 0hinese… . . . . . . . . . . 64 – Carey's College in ……………… . 548 Giving, A Model of Modest …………. 64 ~ Case of Consecration in …………. . 233 – by African Christians …………… 237 – Caste Among Christians …………. . 302 – in Korea ……………………… 305 – Clause of Discontent in … ……….. . 473 – One Church's "';xample in …………. 542 – Christian Endeavor Convention …… . 389 God Who Can Move London, The (a) J. – – Convention in (b) Ricbard Burges .. . 117 Goforth ………………….. 613 – Christianity and Social Life in (a) God's C'ondltion of Possession. Editorial .. 697 Lilley R. Gracey ……. . 357 God's Word, Indebtedness to, Editorial. . . . 60 – Church Federation in …… . 402 Golf Balls v•. Foreign Missions 153 – Corning World Convention of Y. P. S. Greene, Joseph K………………….. 472 C. E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 867 Grenfell. Wilfred T. ……………….. 715 – Converted Fortune Tellers ………. . 707 Haiti (West Indies), The Revolution in… 8 – Education for Women in ………… . 473 Hamlin, Cyrus, (a) Belle M. Brain…. … 11 –in ……….. . ………… . 301 Handshaking as an Evangelizing Force. . . . 62 – Encouraging Tidings from . .. , ……. . 726 Hannington, James, The Lionhearted Bishop – Four Hundred Baptized in ……….. . 950 (a) Belle M. Brain …………… 651 – Good Results from Slight Outlay …… . 867 Harley College, London ……………. 65 – Great Britain's Achievements in … …. . 625 Harriman and the Gift of Moneymaking… 859 – Growth of Self Extension …………• 626 Harris, Mrs. Flora Best, Death of. . . . . . .. 796 – Hindu Call for Reform in ………… . 484 Hart, Sir Robert.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 703 – Mahatma Agyma Guru (a) Em Wherry 674 – – – on Changes in China ……….. 234 – Marriage of Widows in …………. . 302 Hartzell's, Bishop, Diocese ……. , …… 394 – Methodist Accessions in …………. . 549 – Mutra Mission ………………… . 146 Harvard Hospital in China …………. 543 – Missionary Church In ………….. . 146 Harvey, William. Death of…………. 76 Hawaii, Buddhist Temple in Honolulu •…• 227 – Miracle in .•………………….. 950

INDEX

PAGE PAGE India. Methodist Gains in …………•.. 302 Italy, Trouble for the Pope …………. . 947 Italian Priest Turning Protestant .. , …. . 624 – Mission Scenes in ………………. 1'08 Italians Need the Gospel, Why (a) Mrs.

– Moslem Situation in …….•…•…… 473 Ellen May …….•……………. 817 Ito, Prince, Murder of . ….. , ………. . 953 – – University in …………..•….. 302 Jackson, Sheldon, The Apostle of the _ Mysore State Educational Laws ……. 782 Northwest (a) A. T. Pierson …….• 89 –Death of ……………………• 475 – News from ………….••.•….•.. 83 Jansen, Father, Death of ………….. . 316 JAPAlIr and Militarism …..•.•.•….•• 806 – Novel Preaching Tour ………•….. 625 – Can the Missionary be Spared from … .. 304 – Chri~tian Situation in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 _ Notable Industrial Mission ……….. 868 – – Openers of (a) Chas. A. Bowen …. . 497 –Union in ……………••••…• 641 – not Hopeless ………………….. 70 – Evangelized, but not Christian …… . 954 ~ Fifty Years of Missions in (a) J. D. – North, Ingathering in ….•……….. 324 Davis. , .. , … , ………………. . 506 – Poll-tax for Missions ……………. 626 – Friend or Foe to Korea ………… . 72 – Future of C1hristianity in ……….. . 629 – Poverty in ………………….•.. 474 – In the Wilds of ….•..•……..•.•• 237 – Jubilee Conference in ………….. . 392 – Progress In Djeypur ……………•. 474 – Missionary Progress in …………. . 641 – Omens of Good from ……………• 870 – Religious Feuds in ………..•…… 389 – Opening of (a) Belle M. Brain …•..•. 487 —< Progress of Half a Century in .. , ….. . 953 – _ Teaching in Mysore ………….. ·706 – Prospects of Christianity in Japan (b) – Retrenchment in ……………….. 303 Mr. Iwai …………………… . 53 – Some Omens of Evil …………… . 629 – Self Extension of the Church in (a) V. – St. Andrew's Day in …………….• 73 – The Brighter Side ………………• 629 S. Azarian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 – What Remains to be Done in ……. . 74 —-; Work for Ex-convicts in ..•……….• 701 – Self Supporting Mission …………. . 549 Japanese-American Peace Agreement ….• 7 – Christian Hymn. Poem …………. . 534 – Serampore College …………….. . 145 – Church, The …•••……..•……… 954 — Commercial Argnment for Missions …•. 236 – Should Missionaries Withdraw from. – Convert, A Millionaire ………. , .. . 702 – Factory Girls' Home ……………. . 144 Editorial ………….••…..••… 298 – Growth …………….•……….. 82 – Mission Jubilee …… , …………. . 785 – Signs of Promise in ………•••••..• 473 – Missionary History … , …………. . 701 – Missions in Seattle ….••…..••..•• 714 – Sir Andrew Fraser of …………… . 379 – Missions in the Islands …………. . 871 – School, Christians in a ., ……….. . 236 – Stirring Scenes in ………………. . 164 – Stndents' Victory ………………. . 74 – Ways PecuHar ………………… . 629 – Twenty-five Years of Work in …….. . 626 – Woman Speaks at Vassar … , …… . 632 Japan's Increase of Population ……… . 553 – Union Theological College…….. 388. 950 – Need for Christ ……………….. . 552 Java (Malaysia), Moslems Converted in… 76 – Visit to Ramabai's Home (a) Emma D. Jerusalem (Syria), The Bible in ………. 472 Anderson …………………… . 289 Jesuit (Roman Catholic) Becomes Protes- – Woman's Work for Woman (a) Jacoh tant ………………………… 866 C'hamberlain ………………… . 277 Jew (Hebrew, Israe!) The Czar and the … 793 Jewish Missionary Conference ……….. 6 – Women's Congress in …………… . 390 – Missions, Objections to (a) Louis Meyer 887 Indian, American, Chief Left-Hand's Life – National Fund …………………. 788 (a) ..•….••.••..•••.••••••.••••• 292 – Problem in America. bditorial ……. 221 – Chief, Geronimo …………••……. 311 Jews and Mesopotamia ….. , …… '…. 484 – One Hundred Years of Work Among Indians, Conference on the …………• 383 the (a) Louis Meyer …………… 92 -Givers ………………………. . 950 – Presbyterians and the …………… 538 – Missionary Society of Ginnevelly (a) Jews, Russian .. , …… , ………. , …. 471 V. S. Azariah ………………. . 283 Judson, Newell and Nott the First Ameri- – National Missionary Society .. 232. 389, 708 can Missionaries (a) Belle M. Brain .. 100 – Weapons in Christian Warfare …….. . 548 Kaiserwerth Deaconesses .. , ………. ,. 305 – Womanhood, Representative of ……. . 233 Kamerum (Atrica) , Approaching Harvest in …………………………. 718 – Women Rising ………………… . 868 Kongo, Conference in the Upper …….. 238 – Workers, Third Annual Conference of .. . 864 – Crises in the ………………….• 165 -Yo M. C. A …………………… . 543 – Enormity, The …………………. 872 Indians, Ev:angelizing Navajo …… ….. . 544 – Good News even from ….. , ………. 630 – Presbyterian Work for the ………. . 226 – Gospel on the French ……………• 461 – Great Britain and the ……………. 313 – Sign of Promise to the, J. W. Sanborn. 129 – Missionaries Acquitted …………… 805 – The North American …………… . 862 – Missionaries Charged with Libel……. 461 Industrial Mission in Laos …………. . 705 – Missionary Matters in the ………… 717 Infidel's Mistaken Policy ………….. . 537 I.sanity, Increase of ……………… . 805 International Missionary Union …… , .. 382 – Opium Commission …………….. . 323 Invalid's Work for Missions ………… . 62 Islam (Mohammedan) Moslem) and Christi- anity in Africa (b) Bishop of Salis- hury ………………………. . 691 – and Israel (b) D. M. Panton …….. . 689 – and National Reform .. , …… , ….. . 723 – If. Should Possess Africa ………… . 313 – in China ….. , … , … , .. , … , ….. . 304 – in Europe ……. , …… , ……… . 724 – in German East Africa …… . 163 – in the Russian Empire (a) S. ::1:. Zw€- mer., ………………….. , … . 739 – in the Sudan ……………… . 793 – in the West Indies 467 – No Religious Liberty Under "" 804 – not yet Moribund …………. . 867 – Prayers for …………………… . 84 Islam's Political Power Waning …. .. , .. . 388 Israel (Hebrew, Jews) and Islam (b) D.

M. Panton ………………….. . 689 ITALY (Rome), Clerical Voting in …..• 471 – Earthquake in ………………•…. 155 Italy. Toleration in ……… . …….. .. 308

PAGE PACK Kongo Question. The …………•.. 394, 717 London Religiously Cosmopolitan ..•..•.. 469 – Situation …………………….. 553 -Yo M. C. A……•.•……………• 710 – Swedish Mission ……………..•.• 313 Lumber Camps, An Apostle of the. . • . • . .• 944 – Trouble on the …… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 239 Lutheran Work in Persia ……….•…• 148 – Why Leopold is Against Reform on the 151 MacGillivray, Daniel, Apostle to the Laos .. 706 KOREA After Twenty·five Years (a) MacGowan, J., of China …………•… 704 James S. Gale ……………..•..• 645 McKay, Alexander …..•……….•.•.• 66 – Christian Schools in .. , 0 •••••••••••• 785 McKenzie, F. A., on Foreign Missions.. ..• 66 – Christianity Alive in ., ………….. . 953 Mabie's, Dr., New Mission Course …….. 939 – Conditions of Church Membership …•.. 703 Mackenzie, John Kenneth, the Beloved Phy- – Developments in ……..•..••..•••.. 83 sician of Tien-Tsin (a) Belle M. Brain 585 – Education of the Blind in …..•…… 235 Mad against Missions. Editorial ……… 458· – Final Assault In ..•…………..•.. 785 Madagascar and the French ……•….• 84 -Gospel in ……………………. . 628 – Difficulties In …………………•• 152 – Methodist Missions in …………… . 143 ~ France as a Foe to Missions ……… 873 – Outlook In ………………•…… 72 – Missionary Troubles in ………….. 795 – Prayer Meeting ………………..• 73 – New Obstacles in………………. 485 —– Presbyterian Work in ………….. . 143 – Noble Army of Martyrs in (a) Belle – Progress In •.••••..•.••••.•••••••••• 235 M. Brain ………………..••••• 187 – Real Marvel Among Missions, a …..•.• 552 – Orpban Association Suppressed .•••••• 873 – Situation in ………………….. . 483 – Persecution in ……..•…….••••• 152 – Social Changes in ………….• J.44, 391 – Results of Hostility in …………..• 719 – Spiritual Marvels in ………….••.• 392 Madeira Islands, Metbodists In………. 871 – Success Everywhere ……………. . 870 Manhatma Agyma Guru (a) E. M. Wberry 674 – Twenty Years in ………………. . 702 Malagasy Standing Firm.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 956 – Union Theological Seminary ..•…….. 953 Malay Peninsula, Metbodists in the .•…. 874 Korean Bible Study ……….•….•…. 236 Malaysia (Borneo, Java, Singapore, Suma- – Christian Zeal ………………… . 304 tra), Plea for………………… 956 — Giving ………………… ···.·•·· 305 – Progress in ……………….•.••. 796 – Homes, Tbe Gospel in …………… . 642 – Work for Cbinese in …………… 144 – Oddities …………………….. . 785 Mancburia, Continued Revival in •••.••• 82 – Passion for Service ……………. . 236 – Great Awakening in (a) Paul P. Faris. 135 – Passion for Souls ……………..• 628 – What One Doctor bas Done …. . . • • . •• 870 _ Pastor Needed in Hawaii ………… . 392 -Yo M. C. A. in ……………….••. 621 -Progress …..•………….. ··.··· . 883 Maori Funeral …………………… 796 – Self Sacrifice ..•……………….. 703 Martin, W. A. P ………………..•.•• 783 – Students in Japan …… . ………. . 392 Mateer, C. W., Death of .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 – Women in Earnest …………….. . 870 Matherson, Mrs. James, of Lontlon ……. 299 Koreans, Bibles for ………………. . 784 Mecca's (Arabia) Welcome to Liberty …. 388 Krisbna Pal, Carey's First Convert (a) MEDICAL MISSION in Mt. Kenia, East Belle M. Brain ……………….. 903 Africa ……………………… 75 Laboring Man and tbe Cburch .. . . . . . . . . . 6 – Missionaries, British ……………. 228 Labrador Mission, Dr. Grenfell and the. . .. 715 – Missionary, John Scudder, (a) Belle M.

LAOS, Industrial Missions in ……….. 705 Brain ………………………. 430 _ Mission Items …………………. 145 – Missions, Advance in ……………. 622 _ Reading the Bible ………………. 390 – – Gifts for ……………… ,….. 153 Laws, Robert, of Livingstonia (a) James – – in Germany ………………… 711 Johnston ……………………. 422 – – The Work of ……………….. 326 Laymen as Cbristian Workers ………. 941 – Training In Peking ……………… 71 – of Minnesota and Missions ……….. 322 Memorable Missionary Dates ….. 9, 100. 186, – in America …………………… 540 262, 428, 529, 584, 832 – Organization of ………………… 245 Men Needed for tbe Foreign Field (b) S.

– Planning Great Things ., ………… 631 M. Zwemer ..•………………•• 137 – Task for tbe …………………… 156 Men's Advance in Iowa …………….. 322 Laymen's C'onvention in Birmingnam (a) Merensky, A. A., Fifty Years of Service. .. 230 JaB. H. Taylor …….. , ………… 258 Mesopotamia for the Jews ……….'…. 484 _ Great Campaign ………………… 881 – Irrigation in ………………….. 306 _ Missionary Conferences ………….. 712 Methodism in China ……………… 142 – Movement in South Africa ………… 165 – Share of Africa ……………….. 717 Leopold Against Reform in Africa ……. 15l Methodist Aim and Endeavor 541 License Bill in England ……………. 154 -.- Deaconesses in Russia ….. . . . . . . . . .. 155 Lichtenstein, Rabbi, Death of ……….. , 315 – Gains in India …………………. 302 Lincoln Memorial University ………… 157 – Method of Giving .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 226 Liquor (Temperance) Seiling In France … 229 – Mission in South Africa …………. 795 _ Traffic. F'lghting the ……………. 787 , – Missions in Korea ………………. 143 _ Literature Unrest in ……………. 406 – Success in India ………………… 146 Living and Dead. Poem ……•…..•.• 254 ~ Work for Africa ……………….. 150 Living Links in Missions …………. 246 Methodists, A Call to …………….. 942 Livingstone, David, the Missionary Explorer – in Cuba ……………………… 467 (a) Belle M. Brain ……………. 263 – in tbe Philippines ………………. 240 Livingstonia (Africa) Convention …….. 151 – Studying Missions ………………. 942 -Robert Laws of (a) James Johnston … 422 Metlakahtla, William Duncan of (a) Belle London City (England) Mission Work …. 790 M. Brain ……………………. 763 _ Jews' Society Centennary (a) Louis Meyer, F. Bo, in Mission Lands ………. 384 Meyer ………………………. 92 Meyer, F. B., Rules for Workers. … . . .. 61 _ Missionary Society Campaign ……… 152 Meyer, Rev. Louis ………………… 538 ___ Funds ……………….. 229, 945 Mexican School, Plea for a… . . . . . . . . . .. 945

97 I

PAGE PAGE MEXICO, Are Protestant Missionaries Moving to Save the World …………•. 863 Needed in …………………… 860 Natal, Africans as Gospel Workers in (b) – Gospel Transformation in …….. 787, 883 J. P. Brodhead ………………. . 838 – Missionary Progress in ………….. 486 National Free Church Council Mission- – Religious Progress in …………. ,. 383 ary Meeting ………………….• 228 – The Land, the People and the Church Need, The Greatest Missionary ………• 857 (b) L. M. Hanghwout ………….. 217 Negro (Freedman) in Boston, The …….• 633 Mexico's Need ……………………. 227 Millard, W. H., Death of ………….. .,96 Negro, What Is Possible to the ……… . 74 Ministry, Things Sadly Out of Proportion Negroes and Africans ……………•.• 461 in the. … . … … …. . . .. . . . . …. 636 Netherlands Missionary Society ……..• 792 Miracle of Missions (a) A. T. Pierson…. 418 —-oj !Societies' Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • 3><" Missionaries and Their Supporters ……. 538 New Guinea Civil Value of Mission::. ..•..• 875 – Distribution of ………………… 3 – – Missions in ..•…………..•…• 539 – from Many Lands, 26th International – – Progress of the Gospel in ………. . 144 – – Work of the Spirit upon ……….•• 634 Missionary Union (a) ……….. 608' Newspapers and Missions ………….. . 401 – Have Done, What ………………. 875 – Outgoing ………•…………….. 542 New York Bible Society (a) Geo. Wm. Missionary as a Man ot Aftairs, The ….. 875 -A True ………………………. 459 Carter ……………………..• 911 – Calendar for February, Bene M. Brain.. 99 – – Summer Evangelism …………. . 541 – Conference, An Innovation in Store ….. 865 – – The Great American City ………. . 225 – or Omissionary? ……………….. 850 New Zealand, Funeral of a Maori Princess 796 Nigeria, Heathenism in …………… . 238 – Responsibility for Government Legisla- North Pole and Missions ………….. . 858 tion (b) Wilbur F. erafts ………. 39 Norway, Mormon Activity In .••.••••.••• 155 – Salaries ……………… . . . . . . . . .. 226 Norwegian Baptist Missions ……….. . 946 – without a Message (a) S. M. Zwemer 181 Nyasaland, Mission Troubles in …….•.. 803 Missionary's Creed. Editorial ……….. 58 Og, Christian Invasion of the Land of (a) – Garden, Thoughts Suggested by a (b) Geo. C. Doolittle …………….. . 927 A New Missionary …………….. 207 Oklahoma as a Mission Field ………. . 383 Opportunity in the East (a) C. A. R. Missions and Churches. Editorial…….. 58 Missions, New Era in ……………… 161 Janvier ………………. '" …. . 130 Opium Commission, International ….•.•• 323 – Past and Present, The Aim of. ……. 315 – Conference, International ………•..• 157 – Hawaiian Chinese Fighting ………. . 227 – Succeed? Do Foreign ………….. 876 Opium Question in China. Editorial. ….• 139 -Why? ……………………….. 876 Orient and Occident ……….•….. 81, 387 Orientals Flooding the Occident….•….• 632 Mohammedan (Islam, Moslem) Baptized in Outlook Abroad for 1909 …………•..• 1 – at Home for 1909 .•……………. 3 Egypt ……………………… 716 Pacific Coast and Missions ………….. . 382 – Islands: Hiram Bingham, Apostle to the – Can a, be Converted ……………. 708 (b) F. J. Dyer ……………… .. 49 – Missions ……………………… 149 Pamphlets, New ………………….• 799 Panama, Evangelistic Campaign in ……. ~ S – Superstition …………………… 232 Papal (Romanism) and Pagan Rome ….. . 793 Palestine (Jerusalem, Syria), Bible Colpor- Mohammedanism, }, acts About (a) E. A. teur in ….•…………..••..•••. 949 Marshall ……………………. 695 Panama. News from ………………. . 544 Pamphlets, Missionary ……………. . 559 Moody Bible Institute Work ………… 940 Mongolia, a Region Vast and Backward … 869 Moravian Church …………………. 386 Moravians Compelled to Retrench 865 – in Surinam ………………….. . 544 Morgan, Dr. Campbell, on Missions …… . 139 Mormon (Utah) ActIvity in Norway ….. . 155 Mormonism a Joke? Is (b) …… , ….. .. 849 Mormons Invading England ………… . 789 Paris (France) Evangelical Missionary – Results of Missions Among the (b) J. Society …………………….. . 791 A. Livingston Smith ……… , ….. . 851 Morocco and Spain ………………. . 710 ~ Missionary Society Jubilee ….•.••.•• 229 – Politics and Missions in …………. . 394 Pastor, A Missionary .•…………….. 460 Morrison Memorial in China ………… . 550 Pastor Hsi, a Miracle in China (a) Mrs.

Moslem (Islam) and Hindu Hatred …… . 231 E. L. Flagg ….•…•…………. 119 – Converts' Conference ………….. . 781 Pastor, Missionary Church and the Balky – Convert's Letter (b) ……………. . 51 (b) James A. Beaver ………….. . 931 –0 Education in the Sudan …………. . 724 Patagonia, Welsh Saints iiI …………. . 228 – Lands, Progress in ………….•… 325 Peace and War, Missionaries in …….. . 459 – Situation in India …………….. . 473 —-' Progress Toward …………….. . 481 – to Methodist ………………….. . 70 – The Demand for. Editorial ……….. . 220 – University in India …………….. . 302 Peking, University for ……………. . 550 Moslem Villages, a Tour Among (a) – Medical Training in ……•..•……• 71 Stephen Trowbridge …………… . 748 PEBS:LA, Bitter Cry from ………•… 7 Moslems, Church Missionary SOCiety and – Clouds in …………………… . 325 the …………………… " …. . 946 – Missionary Perils in (a) J. H. Linton .. 933 – Converted in Java ….. , ….. '" … , . 76 – The Crisis in ………………… . 405 – German Work for ……………… . 68 – Movements in ………•……….•. 885 – How to Reach ………………… . 302 – New Regime in ……………….. . 723 – in China …………………….. . 234 – Religious Crisis in (a) Wm. A. Shedd. 775 Mosque on Wheels ………………… . 548 – Signs of Light in ………………• 164 Mott, J. R., in London ……………. . 153 – Teheran. Boys' School ………….. . 306 Mott, John R., in Scandinavia ……… . 387 – Twilight before Dawn in (a) Stanley Mount Holyoke and Missions (a) Henrietta White …………………..•…. 513 E. Hooker ………………….. . 353 – Year's Changes in ……………. _. 949 – – CoIlege ~.l.lssionary Tablet . . . . . . . . . . 156 Persian Missions …….•…..••.•.••••• 148

PAGE PAGE Persians Hungry for Knowledge. . . . . . . . .. 949 Rome Feared the Bible, When ………. " 623 Peru, Religion in (a) Geraldine Guinness. 210 PKILIPPIlTES, American Methods In the 875 – Movements Away from ………….. 866 – Fine Kansas Investment in the. . . . . . . .. 635 – Fruit in the …..•……….. . . . . . . • 75 – open Door at ………. , ………. , 646 _ Heroism in the ..•……………… 956 – Independent Church in the………… 403 – Spanish Hatred of………….. , ….. 866 _ Methodists in the …….. . . . . . .. 240, 539 – Ten Years in the ……………….. 239 Roosevelt, Theodore, and tbe Africa Inland _ Y. M. C. A. in tbe .•…..•••…….. 720 Piety and Heredity ……………….. 858 Mission …………………….. 938 Pilgrim Father's Feast ………….. '.. 780 Politics and the Pulpit. Editorial.,…… 59 Roosevelt in Africa ………………. 393 Poll-tax for Missions ……………… 626 Porto Rico, Gospel in …………….. 8 Roosevelt's Estimate of Mission Schools. _ – Presbyterians in …………. 544, 945 – – Progress in …………….. .467, 787 Editorial ……………………. 299 Portuguese Drive out a Missionary. . . . . . . . 74 Possibilities of Missions. Editorial…….. 534 Roosevelt's, Theodore, Visit to a Mission. " 554 Post, Dr. George E., Death of………… 876 Post, George E. (a) A. T. Pierson …..•.. 896 Rouse, George H., Death of ………… 475 Pray for Missions, Why? ..•………… 1 Rules for Workers, F. B. Meyer. . . . . . . . . . 61 PBAYEB, Calls to ……………… 1, 81 – Answers to. Editorial……………. 537 Bl1SSIA, Evangelical Training School for 69 – Calls to …..•……………..•… 161 _ Circles of ………………….••.. 321 – Is There Religious Liberty in (b) …. 561 _ Encouragement to .. , …..•…. , ….• 161 – for Islam …………………….• 84 – Jews in …………. , ………….. 793 – for the World's Conference. Editorial.. 779 – Meeting, A Remarkable ………•.•.. 73 – Light Breaking in …………… , … 946 – Power of ……………………•.. 701 Prayers Answered in India ………….. 782 – Methodist Deaconesses in ……….. 155 – Children's ………………….•.. 780 – Foolish, Missionary …………….. 81 – Moslem Convert in (b) … ,………. 51 Presbyterian Advance ………..•..•… 543 – jj;nglish, Retrenchment …………… 153 – New Missionary for ………. ….. 547 _ Foreign Missions, U. S. A. ..,…….. 64 Presbyterian, Southern. Advance., 465, 542, 943 – Opening Doors In …………… ,… 471 – Work for the Indians ……………. 226 – – for Africa ………………….. 150 — Religious Conditions in (a) Baron Ux- – – in Formosa …………………. 235 – – in Korea …………………… 143 kull ..•……………………•. 35 Priest's Warning to his Flock …•…… 634 Prince Ito's Gift …………………. , 72 – Religious Liberty in …………..•• 721 Progress Encouraging .. }…………… 882 _ in Missions, Encouraging ……… . . .. 463 Russian Baptists Much Alive ……….. 947 Protestant Episcopal Sunday School Gifts.. 541 – Church, Sad Condition in the……… 68 Protestantism is DOing for France, What (b) Katharine E. Chapman ……•… 853 – Duma,' Questions before the……….. 155 Putterill, J. H., Death of ….•…….•.• 396 – Empire, Islam in the (a) S. M. Zwemer 739 Ramabai's Home, Visit to (a) Emma D. – Jews, English Work for ………… 471 Anderson ……………………. 289 – Workers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 707 – Misrule …………………….•.. 806 Recent Signs in C'hina …………….. 81 Reform Movements ……… , . . . . . . . . . .. 242 – Prisons, The Horrors of…. . . . . . . . . .. 624 Reformed Church Missionary Movement … , 310 Sabbatic Rest. Editorial …………… 140 Reinforcements Needed for China …….. 783 Sage, Russell, Suburbs ……………… 859 Religion of Hope, The. Poem •..•..•. , • .. 816 -of the Future and Missions (a) A. T. Sailors and Foreign Missions (a) Geo. McP.

Pierson …..•……………….. 727 Hunter ……………………… 668 Religions of the World ……….••..•• 230 Salonica and the New Turkey (a) John Religious Infirmary. Editorial….. . . . . .• 298 Henry House …………………. 595 Results of Missions …….•……….•. 720 Saloon Receives More than Missions….. 466 Revival in Greenland .•..••…•.••••.••• 87 – in Manchuria ..•……………….• 82 Salvation Army and the Poor .. , . . . . . . . .. 308 – in Nanking, China .;…………… 642 – in tbe Mission Fields ……….•…•. 244 – – General Booth and the (a) C. E. Rus- – Movements In China …………•.•… 483 Rhenish Missionary Society …….•.. 67, 647 sell ………………………… 451 Robert College, Young Turks in… . . • . . •• 149 –in Germany ………………… 67 Roman Catholic (Papacy) Priest Turning – – Training School ……………… 307 Protestant …………………… 624 _ ~ 'in New England …..•….•..••.•• 863 Samoa, Volcanic Devastation in ………. , 395 Romanism (Oatholia Papal) and Modern- Samoan Endeavorers ………………. 540 ism ………………………… 725 Scandinavia, John R. Mott in………… 387 _ in West Africa ………….•……. 794 – Toleration Coming In ..•………..•. 946 Schmidt, Prof.. on Missions. . . . . . . . . . . . .• 298 Schwartz, Christian Frederick (a) John Rutherfurd …………………•• 754 Scotch University Missionary Campaign… 469 Scotland, Established Church of……… 385 – Mission Study Circles …. . . . . . . . . . . .. 790 —4 Cburch Union in ……. , ………. ,. 623 Scudder, Jared W., Retires from Arcot Mis- sion ….. , ………………….. 234 Scudder, John, (a) Belle M. Brain …….• 430 Sea, The Harvest of the …………… 620 Secular Forces as a Missionary Asset (a) D. L. Leonard ……….. , …….. 247 Self Support in Presbyterian Fields…… 629 Serampore College, India …………… 145 Ship on Tour, A Missionary ……….. 635 SIAM and Laos Items …………….. 145 – Boon Itt Memorial ……………… 390 Siamese Women's Progress (h) Mrs. E. P.

Dunlap ……………………… 370 Sidon Seminary (Syria) ………. 148 Singapore (Malaysia), Methodist Publishing House in …………. , ……….. 875 Singh, Lilavati, Death of …………… 476 – – Memorial …… ,…………….. 708 – – of India …………………… 233 Slums, Cost of the ………… , ……. 632 Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge 468 – for the Propagation of the Gospel.. . . .. 645 PAGE PAGE SOlTTH AMEBICA (BrazU, Buenos Ayres, Testimony to Missions ………. . . . . . . .. 539 Chili" Colombia~ Ecuador, Patagonia" – to Missionaries ………………… 475 Peru) Surinam} Venezuela). Theological Schools, Missionary Instruction _ – Continent of Neglected Opportunity in …….•………………….. 857 (a) Arthur T. Pierson …………. . 21 Thoburn, Bishop, Semi-Centennial ….. 226, 382 – – Progressive ………………… . 312 Thy Kingdom Come, Poem, James S. Scot- – – Woful Case of"""""""""" 863 land ……………………….. 811 South American Missionary, A Native …. 312 Tibet, Approaching (a) F. L. Neeld ……. 525 South Americans Hungry for Knowledge .. 884 – Will, Soon be Open?……………. 324 Spain and the Moors ……………… · 710 Tibetan Landowner Baptized ………… 549 _ Bible and the Gospel in …………. . 86 Tobacco, Crusade Against …………… 714 _ Christian Endeavor in ………… … . 230 Toledo Newsboys …………………. 381 – Conditions in ………………… . 485 Tongas, The Gospel Among the (a) W. C.

Spanish Hatred of Rome ………….. . 866 Wilcox ……………………… 833 Spirit, Guidance of the …………… . 697 Torres, Islands (b) ……………….. 533 Spiritual Awakening. Signs of ……….. . 538 Training School for Missions (a) Mrs. E.

Statistics. Islam, in Russia ………… ·· 741 M. Bliss ………… , . . . . … . . …. 40 … , ………….. . 716 – of Africa Tunis, Methodists in ………………. 554 – of the World's Religions …………. . 230 Turk, The Young ………………… 867 – Protestant Missions In Turkey ……. . 178 TlTBKEY (Armenia, Oonstantinople, – Religious, for America …………. . 224 Syria), American Board Colleges in.. 305 – The Yearly Missionary ………….. . 4 – America's Opportunity in ………… 948 Stewart, James, of Africa ………….. . 238 – American College for Girls. . . . . . . . . . .. 781 Straits Settlements, Methodists in ……. . 550 – Cbristianity and Islam In………… 242 Student Conference, A Clb.inese ……… . 804 – Free Speech in ………………… 147 Student Conference in Great Britain ….. . 788 – New Constitution and c.}e Old Koran … 722 – Federation in Germany …………. . 791 -New Freedom in ………………… 562 – Gifts to llissions ……………… . 157 – Salonica and the New (a) John Henry _ Volunteer Movement …………. 63. 786 House ………………………. 595 – Volunteers, Chinese ……………. . 482 – Progress in …….. …………… .. 709 Students Volunteering for Missions ……. . 464 – Protestant Christians in . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 948 Studies, Useful. Editorial …………. . 300 – Religious Seets in ……………… 231 Study of Christian Missions-Its Effect … . 61 – Riot and Bloodshed in (a) C' T. Riggs.. 441 Stursberg, Dr., Death of …………… . 956 – Robert College …………………. 149 Sudan, Moslem, Education in the ……. . 724 – Seeking the Advice of Missionaries. . . .. 231 – The Situation in the …………….. . 150 – Sermon by Ismail Hakkl Effendi (a) Sultan as Ruler of Islam ………….. . 388 Stephen Trowbridge ……………. 125 Sumatra (Malaysia), Christian Growth in .. 326 – Sign of the Times in (a) Stepben Trow- _ Providential Aid in …………….. . 403 bridge ……………………… 125 Sunday School Work, World Wide (a) D. L. Pierson …………………. . 407 – Signs of Life in…. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .• 162 Surinam, Moravian Mission in ………. . 545 – State of Affairs in (a) Fred'k J. Bliss.. 32 Sweden, Growth of Missions in ………. . 246 Swedish Methodist and Missions ……… . 308 – Temperance in …………………. 471 – Mis~ion in Abyssinia (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 – 11issionaries on the Kongo ………. , . 313 – What the Missionarjes are Doing in – Missionary Society ….. . …….. , . 792 – Teachers and Missions ………….. . 946 (a) Charles T. Riggs …………… 167 Switzerland, Missionary Societies in ….. . 791 Turkish-Armenian Sufferers …………. 547 Syria (Beirut.. Jerusalem.. Palestine), Boys' – Army, Christians In the…. . . . . . . . . .. 625 School at Tripoli, (b) W. S. Nelson … 687 – Empire ………………… 625 – Investigating Cummittee ., ………… 709 – Literary Lady …………………. 471 – Parliament ……………………. 147 – Christian Invasion of the Land of Og – Pasha Said, What a …………….. 866 (a) Geo. C. Doolittle …………. . 927 – Situation, The Bright Side of the….. 948 – Dr. Mary P. Eddy's Sanitarium ….. .. . 472 – Women Breaking their Bonds ………. 231 – George E. Post of (a) Arthur T. Pier- – "romen. Education' for ……. …… .. 547 son ……………………….. . 896 – Women, Uprising of …………….. 305 – Massacre Order for …………….. . 947 Turks, School Scbemes of tbe………… 781 – Sidon Seminary for Girls ………… . 148 Union (Federation), Christian, in Japan .. 641 – Tuberculosis Sanitoria for ……….. . 148 – in Scotland, Church …………….. 623 Syrian Orphans' Home (a) J. H. Horst- – International Missionary (a) ………. 608 man …. , …………….. , 920 – Missionary Institute …………….. 713 – Protestant College Crisis in (a) D. United Presbyterians in India. . . . . . . . . . .. 474 Stuart Dodge ………. . 327 United States (Home Missions), Chinese – Protestant Coliege Crises …….. 243, 404 Students in ………………….. 952 Table that Talks (b) S. M. Zwemer ….. . 137 – – Jewish Problem ill the. Editorial …. 221 Tamil Missionaries .. , ……………. . 951 Uganda (Baganda) Mengo Cathedral. ….. 315 Temperance (Anti-Saloon) Liquor), Great Utah-(Mormons} Is Mormonism a Joke?

Gains for …………. , ……… . 466 (b) ………………………… 849 – Growth in Massachusetts … . 382 Utrecht Missionary Society ………… " 792 ~ in the British Army …… , ……… . 789 Vartan, P. K., Medical Missionary in Syria 305 ~ in England …………….. ……. . 789 Venezue1a, The Crisis in …………… 87 – in Turkey ………..•…………. 471 – Difficulties iu …………………. 715 – Record Year for ……………… . 63 – Evil Genius of (a) Mrs. T. ,S. Pond …. 812 – Wave in Europe ……………. , .. . 154 Volunteers,. British ……………….. 469 T"stimony of a Brahman …………… . 233 – Call for ……………………… 943 ~ of F. A. McKenzie to Missions …. …. . 66 – Sailed in 1908 …………………. 380 – of Prof. Nathaniel Schmidt. ………. . 298 – Wanted …………………….••. 785 PAGB PAGE Waddell, William, Death of ………..• 790 Women's Thank Offering, Wesleyan Meth- Warfare, Mimic, Money for. Editorial…. 779 odist …. ,., .. ,., .. " .. , .. , …. ,.. 152 Watch Words of Missions. Editorial….. 535 Wealth of America ……………….. 224 World Wide Opportunity …………… 241 West Indies (Cuba, Haiti, Porto Rico). Yale Missionaries Honored ………….. 713 Yiddish Bible in Preparation, A New .. , .. , 636 Islam in ..•…………………. 467 Young, Egerton R., Death of ………… 876 Wesleyan Foreign Missions .. . . . . . . . . . . .. 546 Young Men's Christian Association Confer- – Methodist Thank Offering ………..• 152 White Slave Traffic ……………….. 790 ence in Germany .••..•………… 644 Widow Remarriage In India ..•……..• 312 – – – – in England …………….. 65 Woman's Life in Africa …………….• 795 – – – – i n Gary, Ind… , …… ,", .. 631 – Progress in Siam (b) Mrs. E. P. Dunlap 370 – – – – In the Philippines ….. , .. , .. 720 – Union Missionary Conference ……… 712 – – – – Indian …..•……. , ….. ,. 543 – Work for Women in India (a) Jacob —-London ………………… 710 – – – – Progress ………… , ….. , 464 Chamberlain …………………. 277 Young People's Missionary Conference….. 380 Women, Chinese ………..•……….. 551 – – – Movement, Secretary ……….. 157 – in Egypt, Work for …………….. 150 Zeal tor Missions …………………. 61 – Methodist, as Evangelizers………… 64 – Patriotic, in China………………. 71 Zeisberj!;€r, David, The Apostle to the Dela- – Turkish, Education for. " ….. '" ….. 547 wares (a) Belle lIL Brain…. . . . . . .. 821 Women's Congress in India ……… … .. 390 – Missionary Conference …………… 464 Zulu, Mission of the American Board. . . . .. 462 – Rights In China ……………….. 391 Zulu", John L. Dube and the (a) W. C. Wilcox ……………………… 915 – Strike Among the ………………. 795

The Missionary Review of the World — April 1909

RFPROllUCT10N OF Hl'T IN WIllen LlV1NCST()N"E Dun IN C"ENTRAL

<The fMissionary '/(eview

of the World VOL. XXXII. NO.4 APRIL, 1909 VOL. XXII. NO.4 Old Series New Series Published lIy Funk &. Wagnalls Company, 4-1-&0 E. ~:Jd St., N. Y. Isaac K. Funk, Pres., A. W. Wagnalls, Vice-Pres. and Treas., Robt. Scott, Sec'y SIGNS OF THE TIMES WORLD.WIDE OPPORTUNITY effort, by testimony and by gifts. Such opportunities are vocal, and seem Signal lights flash from all points to us to say, if we are ready to hear, of the horizon and are peculiarly as to Simeon Calhoun, "Somebody striking. There are many conspicu- must go; I am somebody, and thereous signs of the times which seem fore I must go." Here is the divine to arrest attention, and upon them the logic of love and duty. To quote eyes of careful observers must almost again the dying words of this missionof necessity be fixt. ary, "It is my deep conviction, and I say it again and again, that, if the First of all, there is A WIDE OPEN- Church of God were what she ought ING OF DOORS of access and opportu- to be, twenty years would not pass nity. Never has their number been away till the story of the Cross were excelled and never, as it would seem, uttered in the ears of every living have the opportunities been so great nlan." within the memory of men. It was a memorable remark of An- Fifty years ago next November, the thony Grant, in his Bampton Lecture, missionaries of the Lodiana Mission, "God has revealed His purpose that India, sent forth their appeal for the Gospel shall be preached in some prayer throughout the bounds of places at all times, and in all places Christendom for the world's conver- at some time." sion. Nearly every nation and kingdom on earth, then closed, has been Such abundance of opportunity outsince opened to Christian effort, until runs the readiness of the Church to now it is almost literally true that act. There are neither men nor money there is no closed door. We can no adequate to the emergency. To some longer think of the world as excluding people this is discouraging, but it the missionary. There is, on the should not be. A mother is not in contrary, rather an undue degree of trouble because her growing boy conliberality in religious opinion, risk of stantly demands new and larger gara toleration that borders upon laxity ments and more food; that is the conand indifference. The Church may go dition of growth. The late Dr. Behwhere she will and do much as she rends used to say: "It is the salvation will. of the Church to be in straits. It keeps us in dependence on God and Weare to recognize that these drives us to rtlm in prayer. Nothdoors are opened; opened by God; ing is more dangerous than to feel opened in every direction; opened be- practically sufficient of ourselves." fore us collectively and individually; opened for us to enter by ')rayer, by GREAT REFORM MOVEMENTS dan power in Turkey involved the pos- The changes taking place through- sibility of its army being at some time out the world are revolutionary, so used in a Moslem holy war against radical, as in some cases to be upturn- 'idolaters,' the despotic ruler being the ing the very foundations, notably in self-appointed judge of the nations Persia, Russia, France, Spain, Ja- and peoples and religions against pan, China, Turkey, and in all South . which the 'holy war' was to be waged.

America, notably Ecuador. In China, But Christian missions and the Gos- especially, the reform movements are pel leaven have largely freed the of the most intense interest. This Oriental churches from idolatrous great kingdom of 400 millions is ac- practises, and conquest along this line tually beginning to bestir itself and must cease. Under the new regime take a new attitude toward the rest Christians are to be given a fair share of the world. In this new movement in the government of the empire as there lie the possibility and potency of Ottoman subjects. If they are also a new life, new power for the nation drafted and received into the Turkish and for the world. Noone can fore- army, then the possibility of that army see what the next decade may develop. ever again being employed in a Mos- This great empire will be a force with lem holy war is past forever. This which the world must reckon. As to means the sheathing of the prosely- Turkey, we hold our breath in aston- ting sword, which has been the great- ishment, wondering whether these est power in the spread of Islam for things are so or whether this is an more than twelve and one-half cen- optical illusion or a dream. Sudden- turies. Truly this marks an era in ly, the most exclusive and intolerant of human history.

nations has become liberal, aggressive, "If now the new regime will dare and progressive. to abolish the death penalty for 'apos- CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM IN TURKEY tasy,' it will have made a new epoch in "Pan-Islamism is dead so far as the religious liberty. During past cen- Sultan of Turkey is concerned. The turies the Turkish army has always Constitutional ruler can never again been a Moslem army, and the Turkish be identified with the politico-religious political system was violently opposed despot or zealot that would be needed to any Moslem embracing Christian- to make that movement a success. He ity because such a man and his male is the only one left of orthodox Mos- descendants were lost to the army.

lem rulers, and his person and throne When any foreign power attempted to has been dimly lighted up in these lat- protect any of these converts to Chris- ter years by the flickering hope of a tianity, the Turkish Government abso- religious supremacy over the Moslems lutely ignored the claim for freedom of all lands, which, had it been real- of conscience and religious liberty and ized, might have been used as a pow- charged the man with treachery to his erful political weapon among and own sovereign. No less a personage against the Christian nations of the than Emin Bey, one of the great lead- earth. But Et.hHatosiskinp•sa,stoffoBreeivreurt,,"ansdo ers in the new movement, has said says Dr. F. ( The Times, London, September he continues: roth): 'It appears more than likely "The supremacy of the Mohamme- that in the providence of God the

OF THE TIMES

greatest obstacle to the Gospel in the founded and is supported by Ameri- East (Islam) may yet yield to a pres- can funds with the view of giving the sure from within. It is at least cer- young men of the Turkish Empire a tain that with the coming of a new liberal Christian education. It enjoys Turkey must also come, sooner or the protection of a special Imperial later, religious liberty-and then will iradc. Its graduates have always been be the opportunity of the Gospel.' " in great demand for governmental posi- tions, and have been eminently success- A CRISIS IN THE BEIRUT COLLEGE ful in private positions. A part of the Liberty without learning may prove required curriculum is Bible study, a dangerous thing. There has been and attendance at daily chapel is com- some apprehension lest the new sense pulsory. These religious services are of freedom felt by the untrained and not used to denounce the Koran or rash Young Turks might lead them Mohammed, but are to educate the to take the bit in their teeth and run students in Christian ideals. No stu- away into license, which will interfere dent is required to accept Christianity, with the liberty and best interests of and few Moslems have become disci- others quite as much as the oppressive ples of Christ, tho they have learned to and corrupt regime that has recently have a higher respect for Him and His been overthrown. Thus the last state followers, and His principles have of the empire may become worse than borne fruit in their lives. Few Mos- the first. lem graduates have any sympathy One of the disquieting signs of the with the revolt.

times in Turkey following the procla- It is difficult to foresee the outcome mation of the new constitution is the of this stand taken by the students.

revolt of the students in the Syrian If the faculty and trustees yielded- Protestant College in Beirut against as the Roman Catholic institutions attendance at Christian religious exer- have done-there is no limit to the de- cises. The 120 Moslem students (out mands non-Christian students might of nearly 900 of all creeds in the col- make, and all the missionary schools lege) took a solemn oath on the Ko- and colleges in Turkey might face the ran that they would not attend chapel elimination of Christianity from the :md Bible classes and would refuse to curriculum. It is easy to see that the leave the college. If force were used students have been misled by their in- they would meet it with force. These stigators. They are not obliged to threats may not, of course, amount to attend the college and Turkish funds much, and it is already rumored that are not asked for its support, but many of the students would welcome while they voluntarily attend they some way of release from their oath. have no right to demand that the cur- The Moslem students were joined by riculum be formed to suit their wishes.

the eighty Jewish students. A Moslem school in America could President Howard Bliss, who was demand a study of the Koran as one in this country, was cabled for and of the requirements and there would immediately returned, stopping at be no objection as long as attendance Constantinople on the way to see the at the school were voluntary. The Turkish authorities. This college was Moslem students fail to see that they

are enjoying American hospitality, and abandon their old customs and religare grossly ungrateful in their atti- ion for progress, liberty and reform. tude. The third party is rationalistic, and its members are in danger of lapsing The trustees and faculty remain into complete infidelity. All three parfirm in their contention that the Syrian ties work more or less ardently to Protestant College is a Christian insti- effect a union between French and tution, and that the requirements can native elements, with a view to secure not be changed to meet the demands justice and independence. One and of the students. At the same time all find that such a union is impossithey will probably be lenient with the ble without betraying the religion misguided young men, and will not en- which Mohammed instilled into his force the rules as to religious exer- followers, and daily it is becoming cises during the present year, while the more evident that the power of Islam blood of the students is at fever-heat will decay with the advance of science and they have lost their heads. There and civilization. seems to be, however, no possible stand other than the one that in future WIDE-SPREAD REVIVAL no student must enter the college unless he is willing to abide by its rules, Over against these signs in the forall of which are made known in ad- eign field are others at home. This vance. This is a crisis in Turkey. is an era of wide-spread revival or Pray for these young men and for spiritual quickening, both at home and those who are seeking to help them abroad. A great evangelistic moveinto larger ideas of liberty. ment, generally recognized as the most pervasive and deep-reaching which CHANGES IN NORTH AFRICA New England has known for perhaps a century, has recently been reported The "Young Turks" have their from Boston and Springfield. It has counterpart in India and in Egypt, apparently reached all classes, espewhile in Algeria and Tunisia a simi- cially the intelligent and educated. In lar movement exists, and has produced various parts of our land and in many notable symptoms of a transformation other countries there have been simiin the thought of those Moslems who lar movements. have received a European education. Korea is still experiencing a relig- Mrs. Liley,of Tunis, writes that these ious quickening, surpassing almost any Moslems have come to desire the ben- previous development of a half-century. efits of civilization and science, both Revivals are visiting India and China, for themselves and their countrymen. and more obscure fields, such as the In Tunis these young and intelligent Garenganze Mission in West Africa, natives are divided into three parties, the Queensland Kanaka Mission, which somewhat resemble Conserva- and the Solomon Islands, where there tives, Liberals, and Radicals. The has been a revival in all but three first party wish to conserve the old stations, and eighty-six converts have traditions and religion, and to bring recently been baptized. Reports of a them into line with the advance of most encouraging character reach us the times. The Liberals find that this from the Philippine Islands, South is impossible, and, while cleaving to America, and other papal countries. anything worthy of retention, would

THE BOSTON REVIVAL to emphasize our agreements and for- Boston, the proud literary center of get our disagreements. There is a America, is not a place which we would expect to be easily stirred by likelihood, more than ever, of an or- religious enthusiasm, and yet the meet- ganic church unity, and if this moveings conducted by Dr. J. Wilbur ment toward oneness is kept within Chapman, with Mr. Charles Alexan- der and some sixty other evangelists, wholesome bounds, it can not but be clergymen and Gospel singers, has made a profound impression on all an unspeakable blessing; it means the classes throughout the city. Business 111el1, reporters, drunkards, harlots, in- elimination of the bitter elements of fidels, backsliders, young and old, rich and poor, ignorant and educated, have party strife, and probably a new evanbeen pressing into the kingdom of God. The revival has been a leading topic gelistic impulse. Archbishop Whateof conversation and has filled prominent columns of the newspapers for ley grandly said, "If my faith is nearly a month. Crowds have filled Tremont Temple and the churches- wrong, I am bound to change it; if many of the people coming hours in advance of the time set for the meet- it is right, I am bound to propagate ing in order to be sure of a seat. It is estimated that nearly 25,000 attend- it." If this can come to be the gened the meetings each night during the last days of the revival. The Boston eral feeling and impulse of a united Journal gives the following statistics: N umber of meetings in 27 days, 990; church, a new era of missions will be smallest attendance, first day, 15.450; largest attendance (February 14th), inaugurated. The Federation Council 61,501; profest conversions, 30,534; total attendance, 720,953. The amount in Philadelp~ia and the Brotherhood of expense is not given, but whatever it was, we doubt not the money was meeting in Pittsburg are examples of well spent. The real results of this revival can not be estimated or even closer fellowship. . guessed at for many days; but if the Christians in Boston will be true to ORGANIZATION OF LAYMEN their profession, the effects of this awakening will have no limits in time It is interesting to see the lay eleor space. ment of the Church-particularly the young people, coming to the front. THE FEDERATION OF CHURCHES Not only are the Student Volunteers studying missions, but the Christian Various denominations of Chris- Endeavor Societies and like organizatians are drawing closer together to a tions are taking a more active interest remarkable degree; sectarian barriers in the missionary cause. N ever beare disappearing. Weare beginning fore have the laymen, as a body, taken up the question of missions as now. The great conventions and confer- ences held by them in all parts of the country have shown a vigor and an en- terprise never surpassed, and the sys- tematic organizing of the Church is receiving a new and grand impulse, with an immediate and obvious effect in increased giving.

VISITS TO THE FOREIGN FIELD These naturally follow from the in- crease of general interest. 'Men and women, at their own expense, and in an informal and unofficial way, are going to see for themselves what God is doing abroad. Impressions are be-

ing made which can never be effaced, church life. The most active of our and which have led already to some churches to-day have passed, long ago, very remarkable testimonies. Even in the experimental stage, and are sendsecular papers visitors have confest, ing and supporting their own missionnot only new interest, but new impres- aries abroad. It is encouraging but sions. Kate Douglas Wiggin says: not surprizing to find Dr. Chalmer's "The heart within had looked into an- remark verified: "Foreign missions other heart, felt it beat and heard it act on home missions, not by way of sigh; and that is how all hearts grow." exhaustion, but of fermentation." This policy puts a vital bond between the A hundred years ago Adoniram Jud- Church at home and the Church abroad. son remarked, "When any person is known to be considering a new relig- Dr. Corbett says: "I may have burion, all his relations and acquaintances ied my life in China; but this I know, rise en masse; so that to get a new that at this moment there are at least convert is like pulling out the eye- 2,000 converts in China who daily pray teeth of a living tiger." But to-day to God for me." Such churches find a visit to India and Burma proves the not only that their prayers are drawn truth of Bossuet's remark: "Christ out for the heathen, but that there is was pleased to be born in a stable; but a new life given to them by the gratethat stable becomes a triumphal car ful prayers of those they helped to after which He drags a vanquished redeem and save. It is like a shuttle world." moving to and fro in weaving a fab- ric. The bond is strengthened from There is nothing like a personal visit both sides at once. to impress responsibility, to make one feel the moral necessity of having GR.OWTH OF MISSIONS IN SWEDEN some share in the work; that tho it may not be incumbent on one to com- Forty years ago the contributions plete the work, yet one is not free to of Swedish Christians to the cause of let it alone. When William Pitt of- foreign missions amounted to $r8,- fered his resignation in r768 as Pre- 200. Last year the contributions mier, George the Third said to him: amounted to $r87,600, an increase of "I can not resign"; so there are to us more than one thousand per cent. some solemn obligations which we can During the same time the number of not evade or escape. But beyond duty foreign missionaries scnt out has incomes the feeling of sympathy. Like creased from 6 to 326. Beside the Shaftesbury, one can not bear to see great Evangelical National Society, all the suffering and need in the world the Swedish Missionary Society, and and do nothing. the Swedish Church Missionary So- ciety, several smaller societies are at THE LIVING LINKS work, and Swedish missionaries are found in almost every part of the for- Within a quarter of a century the eign field. Not only the common peoidea has rapidly grown upon the ple of Sweden are favorable to the Church that to have a man or woman cause of foreign missions, but the king go out from the local church direct to and the government are its active the foreign field, or to sustain an in- friends also. dividual laborer or share in a parish abroad, is a mighty force in developing

FORCES AS A MISSIONARY

BY REV. D. L. LEONARD, D.D., OBERLIN, OHIO However valid may be the distinc- land. So far as accomplishing the tion between secular and sacred, it object in the minds of those who sent becomes false and mischievous if it him out is· concerned, Cook's three ever implies that only human and voyages were utter failures; but it was physical forces are operating in the the thrilling narrative he wrote which one, and only divine in the other. God fired the heart of Carey to carry the is present always and everywhere. Gospel to the unevangelized at the Ours is not an absentee divinity who ends of the earth, led to the orcreated the universe and then left it ganization of the London Missionary to itself. Sometimes the human ele- Society, and sent the first ship-load ment may be far more evident, and of missionaries to the South Seas. sometimes we are able to discern only that power not ourselves which makes Through Exploration.-The same for righteousness. Man works and thing is true concerning most of the God works through him. Thus the great explorers of Africa. Mungo sacred and secular cooperate and Park went out not as an evangelist, blend, as tho different phases of the but as an agent of the African Assosame force. Illustrations are well- ciation to search for the source of nigh innumerable to show that the the Niger. With similar aims Baker, kingdom of heaven receives mighty Bart~, Rohlfs, Speke, and a score of and amazing impulses forward from others were ready to risk and endure. forces and circumstances in which, at They sought to locate the Fountains the time, only human designs were of the Nile, or to be the first to gaze visible, and these instances are par- upon the "Mountains of the Moon." ticularly striking in missionary his- Only Livingstone was impelled and tory. sustained by purely Christian motives.· Stanley was commissioned originally I. In Opening the Way for Missions by James Gordon Bennett, of the New York H eraU, to go and find Living- Through Discovery. – Columbus, stone, but not with a missionary mo- Gama, Magellan and Cook doubled tive. But whether willingly or unwillthe number of continents known to ingly all wrought together to open the civilized world, and islands also up the Dark Continent to the gaze of were added by the ten thousand. The the Christian world in preparation for aims of these discoverers were relig- the entrance of the Gospel. ious only in a slight degree, if at all. They desired to make achievements By Opening Regions Long Closed. and so rise to fame, or planned to re- -Two generations ago the task of flect honor upon their country, serve world discovery was at an end, and science, enlarge the boundaries of the work of exploration was well adcommercial enterprise. Cook was vanced; but, nevertheless, well-nigh commissioned to assist in taking ob- one-half of the earth's population was servations on the transit of Venus, to still utterly beyond the reach of the make search for an antarctic conti- Gospel, because the door of entrance nent, and to discover a northeast pas- was shut and barred against the sage through Bering Straits to Green- heralds of the cross. No less than

three wars were necessary before the attempts to make proclamation of the Chinese Empire would suffer Occi- Gospel of Christ. But to-day, such dentals to dwell upon her sacred soil. radical and wide-spread political Japan was persuaded to be more changes have been wrought, so reneighborly by Commodore Perry with- peatedly and earnestly have the great out shedding a drop of blood, merely powers of Europe protested and by kindling wonder and curiosity to- threatened and fought, that almost gether with a judicious admixture of anywhere the Way of Life may be fear. It was unheard-of medical and made known if the disciples of Jesus surgical skill which began to pave the will have it so. In recent months, the way of entrance into Korea and Siam Young Turks have started to put for the messengers of salvation. Per- down tyranny and proclaim liberty of haps strangest of all, the recent Boxer thought and action. For the same end uprising, tho it cost the lives of over British power was established In a hundred missionaries and thousands Egypt. of native Christians, has helped the Gospel to advance by leaps and Then how amazingly have the pobounds. It is through the operation litical defenses of the Papacy been of such non-religious, or "secular," battered down. A century ago almost forces that all eastern Asia is now open everywhere in Europe Protestantism to the preaching of Christ. was outlawed; but to-day it is well- nigh universally tolerated; in Austria, Can any doubt that the civilizing Spain, even Italy and Rome (with the and the evangelizing of India have Czar·s great domain included at last). been hastened by generations and cen- The transformation is even more exturies, both directly and indirectly, by tensive and marvelous in the new British domination; whereby the fa- world than in the old. It will be well naticism of Hindus and "Moslems has worth while to glance for a moment been restrained and religious tolera- at the wondrous way in which the astion has been compelled, by the estab~ tounding transition was made. lishment of schools, by the construction of turnpikes and railways and Incredible as it may appear, the extensive irrigation works, besides forces which brought about these reministering to the millions in frequent sults were set in operation by the times of famine and pestilence. What French Revolution! so full to overabominations, too, have been ended flowing of absurdities and abominaforever, like widow-burning and thug- tions, and so fearfully destructive to ism. In it all the unseen Spirit of property and life! To this terrific God has been working. outburst of human passion Europe owes much of the very best it pos- A hundred years ago the entire vast sesses to-day. Never since then has Mohammedan world was untouched despotism, either in state or church, and utterly inaccessible, the Koran enjoyed much of calm and sunshine. ruling absolutely in the minds and Still more strange is it that many of hearts of hundreds of millions, with the benefits are owed, directly or inthe Sultan in eastern Europe, western directly, to the conscienceless Napo- Asia and northern Africa most de- leon, who sought to rival Alexander termined and fierce in opposition to all as a conqueror.

FORCES AS A MISSIONARY ASSET

With covetous eyes he regarded zeal and consecration to hasten the Spain and Portugal, and would add great consummation, the universal them to his empire. Then England reign of Jesus Christ. sent fleets and armies to their assistance. It happened that these king- When the London Society would doms were possest of vast dependen- send the first company of toilers to cies in the western hemisphere, Tahiti, it was necessary to purchase including the whole of South and Cen- and fit out a ship for the purpose; tral America, and all North America which also on its second voyage was west of the Mississippi. These Span- captured by a French privateer, causish and Portuguese subject states con- ing a loss of some $50,000. The atcluded to seize the golden opportunity tempt was made to go by way of Cape to throw off the yoke, and since then Horn; but after battling for weeks one after another has established the with fierce stonns, they faced about fullest religious liberty by law. The and beat their way across two hundred last step away from religious intol- and sixty-two degrees of longitude, erance and toward freedom of con- doubling the Cape of Good Hope. For science was taken in the new world nearly two years not a word was a decade since, when Spain was sum- heard from the precious venture. marily ejected from Cuba and Porto When John Williams wished to ex- Rico, and in the same hour from the plore and pioneer in the boundless Philippines, upon the opposite side South Pacific he was compelled to of the globe. "Surely, this is the turn ship-builder; and tho well-nigh Lord's doing (tho the forces employed destitute of either material or tools, were almost wholly secular), and it is worked away resolutely for months until the Messenger of Peace was marvelous in our eyes." * ready for launching. When the first Wesleyan evangelists opened work 2. In the Development of Millions in Fiji, no less than three years were required to order supplies from Eng- By Removil1g Obstacles and Provi- land and to receive them. Vhen Duff ding H elps.-The mere fact that the went out to India he was shipwrecked heathen world was so remote, so dif- in the vicinity of Cape Town, again ficult of access, and hence so little upon the coast of Ceylon, with a narknown, played no small part in post- row escape from a third when nearponing to so late a day the beginning ing Calcutta, and the loss of all his beof world-wide work for the diffusion longings among the accompaniments. of the glad tidings, and the amazing In Africa, in primitive days, a large multiplication of facilities for travel portion of the time and strength of and trade has rendered invaluable as- missionaries was expended in forcing sistance in quickening evangelizing their way through interminable deserts work. The railway and the steam- or pestiferous swamps. As a result ship, the telegraph and the newspaper, they died prematurely by the score with invention in general and the ad- and hundred, so that for a generation vance of civilization, have cooperated or two on an average every convert wondrously with Christian faith and cost the life of one European. It is almost too much to expect that human * It is to the same conflict between Napoleon and Spain that the United States owes the possession of a vast portion of its area, even the western half of the huge Mississippi Valley.

nature will long endure in such crease a hundred-fold the possibilities fashion, or with such slight prospect of missionary achievement! The very of securing any adequate return. But ends of the earth are thus wondrously the steamboat, the locomotive, and brought near together, so that all medical skill have already radically peoples and tribes are neighbors, can changed all this. When in future a easily become acquainted, with neighcomplete history of Africa Redempta borly sympathy and love resulting. shall be written, comparatively little will be told of Livingstone the The Wrath of Man Made to Praise preacher, but much of Livingstone the God.-The unbelieving and hostile opexplorer; Dr. Koch and his kind will posers who esteemed missions a humrank high among the redeemers, who bug, and perilous to their selfish sought out and destroyed the mos- schemes for gain, by strategy divine quito whose bite brings on the deadly have been compelled to give substanfever, and ended the ravages of the tial and most efficient aid. The fasleeping sickness and the tsetse fly. mous case of the East India Company Cecil Rhodes, Lord Cromer and Mac- affords a capital illustration. A cenkay the consecrated engineer, will be tury ago the fear of the directors was seen to have performed a service of that, if the herald of the Gospel were great value to the kingdom. suffered to proclaim it in the ears of Hindus, Moslems and the followers of How strange the coincidence, or Confucius, religious fanaticism would was it Providence? that the century be so stirred as to seriously diminish which surpasses all others combined the gains of the great corporation, or for its inventions and discoveries in even to work its ruin. And hence, the material realm is also the one when Carey would sail for Calcutta which saw the beginning and the phe- he was most rudely refused a passage nomenal development of missions in and was obliged to make the journey every land! Fulton's steamboat made on a Danish craft. With Marshman her first trip up the Hudson in 1807, and Ward he found a home in Seramwhich was also the year in which pore, seat of a Danish factory. When Robert Morrison set forth in the these facts became known in Calcutta, Lord's name to make assault upon the a request was soon sent up that these Celestial Empire. He even spent "interlopers" be ordered "to move on." several weeks of that same summer in No attention being paid to this, the inti- New York City, and may have paid a mation was next given that force visit to that famous vessel! The rail- might be employed to secure the result way, the steamboat, the postal union, desired. Then Colonel Bie, the chief the system of money exchange, and Danish official, returned a downright other modern improvements by the refusal, adding that he stood prepared score have also greatly hastened to protect the missionaries with all the evangelization. They are one and all force at his command. With this as purely secular in design, meant for the outcome, Serampore became the travel and trade, business and money- headquarters of the Baptist mission, making. But what time-savers they and the -seat of a college which conare, how many obstacles they remove tinues to this day. or reduce to a minimum, and 59 in- How came it to pass that a Danish

FORCES AS A MISSIONARY

official was so friendly? Some two his life, near a third of a century. centuries before, in 1806, a Danish Thus were some hundreds of thou- trading company had opened a factory sands of dollars added to the Lord's at Tranquebar, in the neighborhood treasury. Without such a financial of Madras, and the same year a second auxiliary this immortal pioneer could one at Serampore. Then a hundred never have approached his unmatched years later the Danish Lutherans life work-the translation of the founded a mission at Tranquebar, to Scriptures, wholly or in part, into no which in 1750 came Christian Fried- less than twenty-four languages or rich Schwartz, one of the most gifted dialects of India. The Serampore and consecrated heralds of the cross press, under his direction, rendered the world has ever seen, with Tanjore the Bible accessible to more than 300,- as the scene of his labors, where also 000,000 of human beings. Danish traders were located, of whom one was a Colonel Bie. He came under During the same years a spectacle the influence of Schwartz, caught his remarkably similar was witnessed in spirit, and came to believe in Chris- eastern Asia, with the self-same tian missions with all his heart. Later worldly-wise corporation among the he was transferred to Serampore, actors-in-chief. In 1807 Robert Morwhere he was on hand, in the very rison was under appointment and nick of time, to give a welcome to ready to set forth for China, which for Carey and his associates; and as well centuries had been shut and barred to enable them to continue to make against all Occidentals, a few trading proclamation of Christ to the be- companies only excepted, the East nighted, even in spite of the threaten- India Company prominent among ings of Christian Englishmen. them. These were suffered to sojourn upon Chinese soil only under condi- Further, as if this was not enough tions most humiliating. As in Carey's of rebuke and humiliation, the East case, passage was sought in a vessel India Company was destined present- of the company and refused. Therely, in spite of itself, to be transformed fore he must needs cross the Atlantic, into an actual fosterer of missions, and and in New York wait for a trader to render a most valuable service in to set sail for Canton. Three months diffusing far and wide the Word of of waiting ensued in the new world, Life. For Carey had manifested such and from there the voyage was made unusua:l intellectual gifts, especially at such a snail-pace that eight months in the realm of linguistics, that he was were consumed between London and actually applied to by Lord Wellesley, his destination. then Governor-General, to render assistance in training young men to be- Arriving at length, the British officome servants of the company; and cials, while not personally unkind, was soon appointed professor, first of under no conditions dared to grant Bengali, and afterward of Sanskrit him permission to remain in or about and Marathi, in the company's Fort the factory. So for weeks and months William College, with a salary of he lived in hiding in cellars here and $3,500, increased later to $9,ooo-a there, only daring after dark to venposition which he held to the end of ture out for air and exercise. Then enlargement was sought in Macao, a

Portuguese possession not far away. ing the Gospel to the unevangelized; But the atmosphere was found so indeed, could not be spared without densely Papal that his case was not serious damage and risk of failure. much bettered. Finally the determina- The first heralds of the cross in tion was formed to seek relief by re- modern times, and those who sent moving to the Straits Settlements and them forth, cherished in no slight destudy there until China should open. gree the little girl's idea that a mis- The day had even come for him to sionary's business was merely, Bible start when, behold! a request was re- in hand, to read and pray in public, ceived from the chief official at Can- warning all who would listen against ton to become translator for the com- perdition, and exhorting them to repany at a salary at first of $2,000, pentance and faith in Jesus, thits seekincreased afterward to $5,000. This ing to "save" the heathen only in the position of honor and emolument was narrowest sense of that term. But held for nearly a quarter of a century, to-day far larger and juster concepand until the close of his earthly ca- tions are cherished concerning duty reer. But an even greater service came and privilege in this great matter. To to the kingdom from the same secular us the missionary's high calling is to source; for when after years of toil found and build for the Gospel. Startthe herculean task had been completed ing with repentance and faith, he is of preparing a huge Chinese diction- to bestow all the good things Chrisary in six volumes, the company was tianity has to bestow, including intellifound ready and willing to put it into gence, high aims and aspirations, good print, at a cost of some $60,000; which homes, good society, good governthereafter was every whit as good for ment, and all the rest; and so hasten the use of missionaries as of traders the day when the mission shall be selfor statesmen, whose spirit and aims supporting, self-directing, and selfwere purely secular, and not seldom propagating, when the services of the led to conduct which was evil if not foreign evangelist shall no longer be infamous. required.

Let us here note also the fact that, Likewise, during the last century a tho these two men were pious and con- marked development and differentiasecrated, it was in no inconsiderable tion have taken place in the field abroad, part their intellectual qualities, their and now almost everywhere missions scholastic attainments, which made are carried on under these four forms them so successful and enabled them or phases: evangelistic, educational, to perform such distinguished service medical and industrial. No field or in advancing the kingdom of right- station is now deemed fully furnished eousness by hastening the redemption in the absence of anyone of these of one-half the people of the globe. factors. Scarcely an exception can be found outside of the work of cer- 3. IndUpensa.ble on the Mislion Field tain so-called "faith missions." When these various kinds of effort are kept A generation or two ago the sug- in balance and wisely carried on, algestion would have sounded unchris- ways and everywhere filled to overtian and profane that secular forces flowing with the spirit of Jesus, each played a most important part in carry-

SECULAR FORCES AS A MISSIONARY ASSET

one is indispensable in hastening the ving efficacy. Five names will supply world's complete redemption. And it all the evidence required: Lovedale is to be noted that in each one the and Livingstonia, Hampton Institute secular element is certain to be found and Tuskegee, and William Duncan's present and to play a prominent part. Metlakahtla. Of course, the very best, Let us call to mind certain intel- and that which is essential to all truly lectual qualities without which no am- Christian work, will be lost unless the bassador of Christ can be of much missionaries engaged both abundantly service to the kingdom; indeed, is possess and everywhere manifest the more than likely to be more of a hin- heavenly spirit of the Divine Toiler, drance than a help. Good judgment, the Carpenter of Nazareth.

good sense, force, courage, persistence, Medical Missiolls.-This form of foresight, ability to plan and to lead. evangelizing effort had no existence The value of such possessions is seen when missions were in their infancy.

at a glance by naming some of their These considerations, then, supplied opposites: zeal without knowledge, the motive: the souls of the heathen well-meaning but weak, frightened are lost in sin, they are in peril of per- in the presence of difficulties and dition, we must make haste to save dangers, rashness, an over-supply of them. Dr. Scudder, the first Ameri- the emotional and sentimental, the can medical practitioner to go to the faculty of running against people. In lands of darkness, went out to India, a word, what we call character, with- not because asked by any society, but out which a missionary is but a weak- because the Lord having called he was ling. Downright manliness in a man compelled to go. But presently it was and womanliness in a woman are found that missionaries and their fam- mighty forces for salvation. The term ilies were subject, like other mortals, character is nearly synonymous, a to accident and disease, and it was strong personality which both wins cruel, as good as barbarous, to leave and holds respect and confidence and them to die before their time or to affection. suffer needless pain. Next, little by Industrial Missions.-This form of little, the appalling physical needs of redemptive effort was unthought of at the natives started a procession of first; was, indeed, then next to un- doctors, male and female, toward the thinkable; but the experience of a cen- ends of the earth to relieve suffering tury has demonstrated not only its and to break the power of disease. But value, but its necessity; notwith- medicine and surgery deal directly standing the fact that its immediate only with the body. Physicians and and fundamental potency has to do nurses, hospitals and dispensaries, only with muscle and machinery, tools primarily are but secular agencies; it and toil, manual training, learning to is only secondarily and indirectly that do things and to make things, to carry they affect sin and salvation. Never- on business, and earn a comfortable theless, the evidence is overwhelming living. Every mission-field, and that if all are thor.oughly pervaded, especially those in tropical countries in spirit and aim filled to overflowing and among savages, affords proof with the love and compassion of the positive and most abundant of its sa- Great Physician, who almost seemed

to feel more solicitude for men's bodies helps on the kingdom wondrously, than for their souls; no mere evange- leads to the salvation of souls, even list, be he preacher or teacher, can hastens the regeneration of society; if match them in working wonders of only the pupils and the instructors sit righteousness, by overturning sys- together at the feet of the Teacher tems of error, and bringing to an end who came from God. In that case, social customs which degrade and through the spelling-book, the reader, destroy. Islam, Buddhism, Brahman- the grammar, the arithmetic, the geism, and Confucianism are doomed ography, and at least the elements wherever Christianity is established, of physical science, deliverance is because they have never done aught wrought from ignorance and error to remove or even lessen the multi- (potent foes of righteousness and tudinous bodily ills which everywhere ruinous to souls), and the benighted so sorely afflict human kind. millions are transformed into the image of God. Educational Missiolls.-These deal primarily with the brain, the mind, Evangelistic MissioJts.-What posrather than with the conscience or the sible service has the secular to render affections, and hence a few genera- in this sacred realm? I f the millions tions ago held in missionary effort a are converted, regenerated, started place but secondary at the best. But toward a life of faith and righteouswe are coming clearly to perceive that ness, clearly they must then be helped intelligence is an element altogether to continue therein, to grow in every indispensable to piety, at least if that Gospel grace, to advance from infancy is to be anything more than a scruple, to maturity in knowledge and a sentiment, or emotion. And in edu- strength; yes, to teach others and cation secular forces are always at the help them to carry forward the work front and dominant; at any rate those of the Lord to other generations and which are not commonly deemed other lands. Hence the missionary spiritual, or religious. In this realm must master languages and reduce books and study are prominent, build- them to writing, translate the Scripings and grounds ar.e indispensable, tures, create a literature. And, blest the pen as well, and the printing-press. thought, from first to last, all this is But the omnipresent "secular" is sanc- "sacred," really religious; yes, Christified, made a positive means of grace, tian activity, well-pleasing to the Lord.

LIVING AND DEAD There is a sea which, day by day, There is a sea which, day by day, Receives the rippling rills Receives a fuller tide, And streams that spring from wells of And all its store it keeps, nor gives God, To shore nor sea beside; Or fall from cedared hills; What gains its grasping greed? Behold But what it thus receives, it gives Barrenness round its shore.

With glad, unsparing hand, Its fruit of lust, but apples of dust, Rotten from rind to core; And a stream more wide with a deeper tide Its Jordan water turned to brine • Lies heavy as molten lead, Pours out to a lower land. But doth it lose by giving? Nay, And its dreadful name doth ever pro- claim Its shores and beauty see- The life and health and fruitful wealth That sea is-Dead!

Of Galilee! -Selected.

BEACON-LIGHTS IN MISSION

BISHOP BOMPAS-AN APOSTLE OF THE NORTH * EDITORIAL A Lincolnshire curate, thirty-one being Roman Catholics, 3,000 adheryears of age, offered himself for a ents of the Church of England, and life of labor among the tribes of the the rest heathen. far northwest of the province of Canada and became Bishop Bompas, not Bishop Bompas was a man of unundeservedly called an "Apostle of usual heroism, devotion to his work, the North." The story of his work and self-oblivion. He seldom recovers more than forty years, from ferred to himself, even in letters, 1865 to 1906, and after 1874 he was using the third person instead of the successively first Bishop of Atha- first; and one can not read this story basca, of Mackenzie River, and of without absorbing interest. There is Selkirk. The extent of his diocese almost, if not quite, recklessness as was immense, and hardly appreciable to his own exposures and dangers. by those not familiar with the vast He forgets himself in his field, and areas of this western continent. in his widely scattered flock, for which he was willing, at any time, to In every direction around Fort give his life, like the faithful shep- Simpson stretch these huge areas of herd. 1,000,000 square ·miles. To represent the length and the tediousness of In estimating the results of his travel over such territory, it has been work, some elements must be carefully compared to a voyage in a rowboat weighed which contributed to the diffrom the Gulf of St. Lawrence to ficulty of the problem. A savage race Fort William on Lake Superior, or is not lifted to a high plane of civilion a canal barge from England to zation in a day, or a generation. To Turkey. Both the length and breadth civilize the ancient Greeks, Romans, of such a diocese equal the distance Germans and British took centuries from London to Constantinople. If all and ages; and the Indians of the the populations between those capitals north, who have only come into conwere to disappear, save a few bands of tact with civilizing influences recently, Indians or gipsies, and all the cities can not be expected with more rapid and towns save a few log huts, it pace than other nations before them would afford some conception of the to advance toward civilized and ensolitariness and desolation of this lightened conditions. Moreover, it is land, with no variety of harvest-field, a lamentable fact that, as what we meadow or landscape. In one year, call "civilization" advances into the the bishop traversed the extreme realm of savagedom, it carries the breadth of his diocese from northwest vices as well as the virtues of civito southeast, covering, in going and lized society, and inoculates savages returning, about 4,000 miles. At this with diseases which they have hithertime the population of the territory to never known, and debases their was estimated at about IO,ooo-half morals and their manners. Yet al- ready the Indians have been so much * "Memoirs of Bishop W. C. Bompas." By H. A. Cody. London: Seeley & Co.

enlightened by the Gospel that they trail, bent double, with his hands on speak of times before the Evangel his knees, evidently trying to walk, as the days of darkness. They now and suffering with fearful cramps. It tend and nourish in distress aliens was only with a great effort that he whom before they would only have was warmed and brought back to the scalped and murdered. The fruits of fort. That day the cold was forty the Gospel spring up in its path. degrees below zero, and if he had been Bloodshed and violence become com- left a few minutes more he would paratively unknown. The conjurers have perished. Again, after much exand medicine-men lose their prestige posure on a small raft in the midst and influence; their tricks are discov- of ice-floes, he started anew to walk ered and tbeir power is neutralized. with four Indians. The supply of provisions gave nut, and the Bishop To go into an assembly of Christian was so overcome with exbaustion that Indians, with a converted Indian in he was unable to proceed. His comthe pulpit, see them reading from panions left him in the woods and their own translations of the Scrip- hurried on, to tell his wife of his contures, and singing Christian hymns in c1ition, and that he was starving. The their own language; to mark their Hudson Bay Co.'s officer was roused new consideration for the aged and from sleep to obtain a supply of the infirm, who once were turned out to moose meat, and the next day the die in neglect; to observe industry de- travelers reappeared, bringing with veloping among them, a new house- them the bishop, hardly able to walk, hold life, new forms of service for or to stand upright. Yet, amid all Christ and for fellow members of these dangers and hardships, there their tribe, the simple pleasures of a was never any sign of impatience, Christian life substituted for the vi- murmur, or regret at the necessary cious indulgences of their previous self-sacrifice involved in his field of history-these and many other results labor. appear, conspicuous among them, as nowhere else in the world. The wil- In 1906, at the age of seventy-two, derness and the solitary place are this unusually strong and stalwart glad, and the desert rejoices and blos- frame yielded to the great Destroyer soms like a rose. These facts can not without a struggle or a farewell word, be gainsaid, and this book presents and his brave soul made the august them with graphic and convincing exchange of worlds. He was in the power, especiaIly in the resume to- act of preparing a sermon when he ward the close of the memoirs, sup- finished his course, and had with him plying a new apologetic for Christian- one Indian girl, who held his head ity-the highest kind of evidence of in her lap as he fell forward. It was its divine origin and character. what might be called, humanly speak- ing, a premature death, brought on by Bishop Bompas more. than once exposures and hardships which he came near losing his life in the course had uncomplainingly suffered. of these severe exposures to the intensest cold. On one occasion he With all our admiration of this hedropt behind the dog-sledge, and was roic man, we can not avoid an impresfound helpless in the middle of the sion that possibly he made some grave

BEACON-LIGHTS IN MISSION HISTORY

mistakes. He seems to have courted wise to have taken Charlotte Selina self-denial, and to have dared unnec- Cox, who became his wife in 1874, essary exposures. For example, when to such a dreary and desolate region, he decided to offer himself for this exposing a woman of such singular field, in 1865, he determined to reach refinement, delicacy, culture and gen- Fort Simpson by Christmas, tho he eral capacity for service to such fearstarted only June 30th. This made ful hardships in an extreme northern necessary, in the midst of terrific cold, climate to which she had never bea winter journey which had never be- come inured. She was a gifted womfore been attempted at that season of an, read Italian as her mother tongue, the year, yet there was no particular and carried her "Dante," in that lannecessity for reaching Fort Simpson guage, with her to those western by that time; it was simply a matter wilds. It is true she had great devoof his own rather unreasonable wil- tion to missions, but how much could fulness. He was told that it involved she have accomplished at home! She a journey of 8,000 miles and that it could not well endure the necessary was hardly possible to reach Fort rigors of her new place of residence. Simpson that same year, yet he prest During his extensive travels, she was forward without regard to difficulties left alone in that terrible climate and or dangers, or even considerations of among comparative strangers, withprudence and good sense. out either the comforts of home, or companionship, and lost her health At Portage la Loche, on October from exposure to cold and insuffi- 12th, it was too late to meet any boat ciency of food, and in 1878 was going further north; so he engaged a obliged to leave her rude lodgings, canoe and, with two French half- not knowing whether she would ever breeds, pushed bravely forward, bat- be able to return. Subsequently, she tling with drift-ice and with a terribly was taken very ill, and was found by cold wind which even froze the water her husband to have suffered severe upon their clothes. Such was the hardships in his absence-the house struggle for eight long days, till they not being properly arranged to exreached Lake Athabasca. Here he clude the cold. might have rested at Fort Chipewyan, and was warned that the rest It seems to us that good common of the journey would be attended with sense was thus at times transgrest in a no little risk. But again he set forth mistaken courting of hardships. Life in a canoe, while it grew colder and is too precious a gift to be thrown colder till the river became a solid away, or needlessly exposed to risk. mass and they had to draw the canoe ashore and proceed afoot. But no one can read this story of Bishop Bompas without being im- It seems to us, without being con- prest that he was a rare man.* To this sciously hypercritical, that it would we can only refer incidentally. He is have been better not to have ventured shown here to be a scholar, a scientist, upon such needless risks, in a journey a linguist and a poet. Few realize the so likely to prove fatal. And again, extent of his Biblical labors. After we have had some question, in read- his death, the old accumulations of ing this narrative, whether it was * See Chapter xix. of the uMemoirs."

manuscripts revealed the secret. They his book "Northern Lights on the embraced, for instance, a complete Bible."

translation of the New Testament There is one expression of opinion from the Syriac, the whole of Gene- in this book that we personally dep- sis, portions of the Psalms and Prov- recate. In an address delivered to erbs, besides a second translation of his clergy at the First Synod, in his the Epistles and the Apocalypse and diocese, he says, "The practise, which much of the Gospels and Acts. There it would be wrong to discontinue, of were also two complete manuscripts baptizing all the Indian children who intended to assist in Scripture study are brought to us for this purpose, and showing great linguistic research throws upon us a great obligation to and ability. One was "Scripture An- provide for them as they grow up in- alyzed," being investigations into the struction in the Christian faith." If original texts and showing familiarity we understand by this that the chil- with Greek and Syriac. dren of Indians, themselves unin- The bishop had little patience with structed and unconverted, who were some critical writers of the day who, brought to them for baptism were as he said, "pulled the Bible to pieces thus baptized, we think it an enor- too much"; and he disliked and even mous mistake. If infant baptism denounced the revised version, which means anything, it means, at least, he considered as defective in purity, that parents, who present their chil- and where many of the prophecies are dren for this rite, are themselves pro- rendered as historical and some of the fessing believers, and have some intel- most important prophecies of Christ ligence as to the natnre of the act are diverted from application to Him. they perform and the obligations it Whatever subject Bishop Bompas implies; and to baptize children of In- treated, his standard always was the dians indiscriminately, and without Word of God and every idea must reference to the fitness of the parents square with that. He showed great for Christian training, seems to us strength and versatility in handling only calculated to ensnare all parties the Holy Scriptures, and with such to such a transaction, and we can natural endowments and scholarly ac- not believe Bishop Bompas enter- quirements, how he would have tained the absurd notion that the rite graced a professor's chair! An in- of infant baptism is regenerative in ferior man might have ministered to character and effect.- Roman Catholic his untutored flock, to whom he could priests are wont to baptize any child impart none of his grand thoughts upon whom they can lay hold, but and among whom he could use very Protestants and evangelical mission- few of his many gifts. He was an aries must avoid a practise, so fraught eminently gifted Bible expositor and with harmful results.

studied the Word of God in Hebrew, We commend this memoir to a Greek and Syriac, as well as in Eng- careful reading upon the part of those lish. Moreover, he was a great stu- interested in the future welfare of the dent of natural science, as shown in wild red man of America.

LAYMEN'S CONVENTION IN

BY REV. JAMES H. TAYLOR, WASHINGTON, D. C.

From all parts of the Southland of the South to their duty and obliga- came ministers and laymen to attend tions to missions. the Laymen's Missionary Convention of the Southern Presbyterian Church, In speaking of "The Preparation which met in Birmingham, Alabama for the World Conquest," Rev. C. A. (February I6-I8th). It was a nota- R. Janvier, formerly a missionary in ble gathering both because of the India, spoke of the two great nonlarge attendance and the spirit of en- Christian systems of religIOn-monothusiasm which pervaded it. theism and pantheism.

There were in all eleven hundred Mr. L. H. Severance, of New York, and thirty-two delegates-most of one of the laymen who has recently them representative Presbyterian men returned from the field, gave the of the South. Ex-Governor Robert "Personal Observations of a Business Glenn, of Korth Carolina, presided, Man in the Orient." and from the very opening words of welcome to the closing hymn, the em- But perhaps one of the most thrillphasis was upon missions as the su- ing moments of the convention folpreme business of the Church. The great map of the world and the strong lowed the address of Dr. J. W. Bradmissionary mottoes were hung in conspicuous places, and with the flags of ley, of Suchien, China. During the our own and foreign nations attracted famine he visited a village of 164 famattention and taught their own les- ilies, 148 of which were living on sons. potato-vines in February while expect- ing a harvest in June. As he sat The messages of the speakers were down to eat his lunch that day, a full of information and were received crowd of starving children came near. with genuine enthusiasm, as the con- He could not eat, and dividing up his vention caught a vision of the task lunch, he gave it out as far as it and burst into spontaneous applause. would go. A man sitting near, who had sold everything to keep his fam- "The Significance of the Conven- ily from starving, said to him, "When tion" was brought out forcefully by you came here a few years ago, I called you a foreign devil. Now I see J. Campbell White, the secretary of you going abont distributing bread to my people and ministering to the the Laymen's Movement, who made sick, and you say you are doing this a striking comparison between the for Jesus. Dr. Bradley," said he, handful of men over a hundred years "please tell me, who is Jesus?" ago who attacked this problem and the g-reat body of men who to-day are try- The convention responded to his ing to come up to their duty and priv- plea for his hospital by subscribing ilege. ten thousand dollars on the spot.

"The Call for Laymen" was pre- Rev. Motte Martin, who represents sented by ex-Governor Glenn, who is the Southern Presbyterian Church in devoting his time to Christian work, the Kongo State, made a thrilling plea and is seeking to arouse the churches for the natives in the Dark Continent. As an eye-witness he brought to the

convention the need of that people (4) The missionary has done much under the galling burden of the white to redeem us from the curse which man. the vices of civilization have inflicted upon the heathen world. Mr. C. H. Pratt, one of the secretaries of the Laymen's Movement, (5) The attitude of nations toward gave "The Call of Christ to Men": the missionary has been changed. (I) More knowledge of mission work; (2) more obedience; (3) more (6) It is his agency that has prayer; (4) more action. launched and directed the awakening movements in the non-Christian world. The theme of Christian stewardship was presented to the convention (7) He has confirmed and strengthby Mr. Robert E. Speer, of New ened the pure evangelistic faith by York, who said that we have now showing how some things have bemore missionary information than we came real in the foreign field. act upon. In this matter of stewardship we are not our own, we are (8) He has brought us a mighty God's. Weare His trustees. Our inspiration and examples of courage. money is just so much human life beat into coin or paper. But money (9) He has exhibited a marked unrepresents life and life is not an end, selfishness. but an agency, a tool, to accomplish God's end, and we are under obliga- ( 10) He is leading the Church to tions to administer our means as unity and is the forerunner of religtrustees of God. ious toleration.

Mr. Speer also spoke on "The The closing address was made by World's Debt to the Missionary," observing by way of introduction that the Rev. J. Campbell White on the the missionary enterprise is not the only agency by which God is using topic "Every Man a Part in God's the world, and the missionary enter- Program for the World." This adprise is not perfectly faultless, and dress was followed by a simple stateproceeded to show that the world is ment that some laymen. desired to indebted to the missionary: make gifts to this work. There was no plan to "hold-up" and ask for ( I) The missionary has opened up money. A layman came forward on the world. The London Times has the platform and announced that he, stated that we owe the opening up of with two others, had agreed to give Africa to missions alone. Professor ten thousand dollars each to the imme- Whitney, of Yale, said that the three diate needs of the Church. Another great factors which have opened up layman wished to give five thousand the world have been religion, com- dollars, not of his income, but of his merce and scientific zeal. Of these capital. The convention then subreligion has been the most prevailing. scribed nine thousand dollars more, making the total gifts of the conven- (2) The missionary has carried tion, including that for the hospital, peace and order with his work. fifty-four thousand dollars.

(3) The world's diplomacy for The value and effect of this gathyears depended on the missionary. ering on the Southern Presbyterian Church and upon the Church at large can not be estimated. Twenty-two young men volunteered for the field, and many parents were won to the

THE LAYMEN'S CONVENTION IN

cause. This movement is prophetic in make it their chief work to promote mis- its significance, for men have finally sionary intelligence, and to lead their put their hands to the plow. This is congregation to its highest financial and one of the helpful signs that the Gos- spiritual efficiency as a factor in making pel will be preached to all nations. Christ's kingdom universal.

The following is the report of the Fifth. In view of the light and inspi- Committee on Resolutions: ration which have come to us in this first General Convention of the Laymen's Being in Convention assembled at Bir- Missionary Movement of our Church, mingham, Ala., on this the 18th day of and of the plans of the Interdenomina- February, 1909, we, the members of the tional Laymen's Missionary Movement First General Convention of the Lay- to conduct a 1l"ational Missionary cam- men's Missionary Movement of the Pres- paign throughout the leading cities of byterian Church in the United States, the United States during the coming realizing in some degree the obligation winter season,- resting on us to do our part in the evangelization of the world, and to fulfil the We ask that the Executive Committee task accepted for us by our General As- of our Laymen's Missionary Movement, sembly of sending the Gospel to at least in consultation and cooperation with the 25,000,000 of the non-Christian world, and Executive Committee of Foreign Misrecognizing in His marvelous prepara- sions at Nashville, inaugurate and contion of the field and in His bountiful duct a comprehensive and pervasive gifts to our people the call of God to plan of deputation work, in which laygo forward in this work-Therefore, be men and ministers together shall visit it Resolved: every congregation in the whole Church to lay before them definitely the mes- First. In fear of God and in reliance sage and the methods of this movement upon Him for strength and wisdom to as recommended by this Convention, to do His work, we pledge our lives, our the end that at the earliest possible motalents and our property for the evan- ment every Presbytery come up to the gelization of the world in this genera- four-dollar standard as a Presbytery, tion, and in pursuance of this purpose even tho some of the small and weak we promise to support the officers and congregations may not reach this courts of our Church by our increased average. offerings, personal efforts and prayers, and to assist our pastors in their efforts Sixth. We approve and commend the to inform, inspire and lead their congre- faithful and efficient manner in which the gations that they may take their true Executive Committee and the secretaplace as a world-force. ries of the Laymen's Movement have dis- charged the duties laid upon them, and Second. vVe approve those educa- promise to support them by our prayers tional and financial methods designed to and personal efforts. place the missionary work of the Church on the same stable basis as the current We authorize the Executive Commitrevenue, by leading each member and tee of this Movement to continue the adherent to make a systematic weekly employment of two secretaries for the offering toward the work of evangeli- general direction of this work, and reczing the world. ommend, that, if practicable, a third man be added for the adequate leader- Third. We recommend a thoroughly ship of the great educational campaign. organized canvass of the entire membership of each Church for individual sub- Seventh. We extend the greetings of scriptions on the weekly basis for the this Convention to our missionaries on work of missions. the field, and on furlough, and assure them of our prayers and our apprecia- Fourth. We earnestly recommend the tion of their faithful labors. We also appointment in every congregation of a express the hope of more efficient supstrong Missionary Committee, who will port in the immediate future.

MISSIONARY DATES FOR

PREPARED BY MISS BELLE M. BRAIN April I, 1815.-Birth of William C. April 16, 1858.-John G. Paton sailed for Burns, of China. the South Seas.

See MISS. REVlEW, Feb., 1895, and Sept., 1908. See "Autobiography of John G. Paton."

April 1, 1827.-Birth of Bishop Patteson, April 16, 1877.-Francois Caillard started of Melanesia. for the Zambesi.

See "Life of Patteson," by Jesse Page, and See MISSIONARY REVIEW, June, 1904. MISSIONARY REVIEW, January, 1903. April 18, 1874.-Burial of David Living- April 1, 1888.-Death of John Kenneth stone in Westminster Abbey. Mackenzie, of China. See "Life of J ahn Kenneth Mackenzie." by See article in this number, page 263.

Mrs. Bryson. April 20, 1718.-Birth of David Brain- April 2, l840.-Van Dyck reached Beirut. erd.

See "The Encyclopedia of Missions. OJ See "Pioneer s and Fou nBdraeir~se"rdb,y" Yonge or "Memoirs of David by Sher- April 3, 1826.-Death of Bishop Heber. wood.

See "Pioneers and Founders," by Yonge. April 20, 1768.-Birth of Joshua Marsh- man, missionary to India. April 4, 1868.-Death of William C. Burns, of China. See "Pioneers and Founders," by Yonge.

See MISSIONARY REVIEW, February, 1895, and April 21, 1783.-Birth of Samuel J. Mills. September, 1908. See "Life of Samuel J. Mills," by Thomas April 5, 1B19.-Founding of the Mission- ary Society of the Methodist Episcopal C. Richards. Church in the United States. April 21, 1783.-Birth of Bishop Heber. See the "Encyclopedia of Missions." See "Pioneers and Founders," by Yonge. April 5, 1B85.-Sailing of the Cambridge Seven. April 22, 1BOl.-Birth of Elijah Coleman Bridgman, of China. See "Story of the China Inland Mission," Guinness. See "Encyclopedia of Missions."

April 7, 1506.-Birth of Francis Xavier. April 24, 1844.-Death of Asahel Grant, See "Heroes of the Mission Field," by Walsh. of Persia.

April 8, 1784.-Birth of Gordon Hall. See "Encyclopedia of 1-iissions_"

See "Encyclopedia of Missions." April 25, l807.-0pening of Centennial Conference in China. April 8, 1901.-Death of James Chalmers, of New Guinea. See MISSIONARY REVIEW, July, 1907.

See "Life of Chalmers," by Lovett, and MIS- April 25, 1806.-Birth of Alexander Duff, SIONARY REVIEW… November, 1901- of India. April 10, 1889.-Death of Father Damien, of Hawaii. See "Modern Heroes of the Mission Field." by Walsh, and page 274, this number of See M,SSIONARY REVIEW, July, 1889. the REVIEW.

April 11, 1721.-Birth of David Zeisber- April 27, 1876.-Mackay sailed for ger. Uganda.

See "Life of David Zeisberger," by Bishop See "Mackay of Uganda," by his sister. de Schweinitz. . April 30, 1816.-Birth of George Bowen. April 11, 1878.-Death of Bishop Sel- wyn, of Melanesia. See "Encyclopedia of Missions."

See "Encyclopedia of Missions." A Missionary Anniversary Program for April April 12, 1799.-Founding of the Church Missionary Society. SCRIPTURE LESSON: Livingstone's Psalms See MISSIONARY REVIEW, March and April, -Psalms 121 and 135. 1899; also HHistory of the C. M. S.," by HYMN: "0 God of Bethel, by Whose Eugene Stock. Hand." April 12, 1850.-Death of Adoniram Jud- son, of Burma. This was Livingstone's favorite hymn. It greatly cheered him in Africa and was sung See "Life of Adoniram Judson." by Edward at his funeral in Westminster Abbey. Judson. QUOTATION: "Fear God and work hard." April 12, 1860.-Jacob Chamberlain ar- -Livingstone's last words in Scotland. rived in India. To be memorized or used as a wall motto. See M,SSIONARY REVIEW, August, 1908. MAP: A map of Africa should be used April 13, 1835.-Birth of Jacob Chamber- to point out the principal places in lairi. Livingstone's journeys. A small map See reference above. showing the entire route of each of the three journeys in different colors April 13, 1859.-Bishop Thoburn sailed will be found in "The Life of Living- for India. stone," by Thomas Hughes, and also in Blaikie's "Personal Life of Livingstone." See "Picket Line of Missions." ANNOUNCEMENT: Speak of Roosevelt's April 15, 1874.-Arrival of Livingstone's proposed trip to the interior of Africa, body in England. which is made possible by the explora- See article b. this number, page 263. tions of Livingstone and others.

LIVINGSTONE-THE MISSIONARY

BURIED IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY. LONDON. APRIL 18. 11!74 BY BELLE M. BRAIN, DETROIT, MICHIGAN Author of "Holding the Ropes," etc.

Thirty-five years ago, on April 18, Returning home at ten, he studied 1874, all that was mortal of David until twelve or after, unless his Livingstone, save his heart, was borne mother put a stop to it by blowing down the long aisle of Westminster out his candle or snatching away his Abbey, and laid to rest under the books. pavement near the center of the nave. It was a great honor-the greatest By placing a book on the spinning- England can pay to her distinguished jenny and catching a sentence at a dead-yet it was none too great for the missionary who had penetrated the heart of Africa and added a million square miles to the known territory of the globe.

Open the abbey doors and bear him in To sleep with king and statesman, chief and sage; The missionary came of weaver kin, But great by work that brooks no lower wage.

He needs no epitaph to guard a name, Which men shall prize while worthy work is known; He lived and died for good-be this his fame; Let marble crumble: this is Living- stone.-Punch.

David Livingstone, traveler, ex- DAVID LIVINGSTONE plorer, geographer, astronomer, zoologist, botanist, physician, missionary, time as he passed at his work, he was born on March 19, 1813, at Blan- accomplished a vast amount of study tyre, near Glasgow, in a humble home, in the mill as well. This was not an the chief characteristics of which were easy task-the utmost interval that the fear of God and the love of books. could be snatched for the purpose was At the age of ten, to eke out the less than a minute at a time- but it scanty income of the family, he was gave him that wonderful power of put to work in a cotton-mill. But so concentration of the mind that proved great was his love of books that he invaluable in after years. spent part of his first week's wages for a Latin text-book, and at the close His love of nature was as great as of work-his hours were from 6 A.M. his love of books. Before he was ten, to 8 p.M.-attended a night school he had explored all the region round opened for the operatives of the mill. about Blantyre, and had begun to

make collections of the flowers and Livingstone's whole thought had fossils that excited his wonder and been centered on China; but God, who delight. Busy as he was, he found knew his talents better than himself, time to continue this, even after en- was about to call him to another field. tering the mill. When his preparation was drawing to a close, the opium war broke out and Tho his was a godly home and he closed the door to China. But just had been most carefully taught, it was then Robert Moffat came home and not until in his twentieth year that turned his thought to Africa. Dr. he was led to confess his faith in Moffat teIls about his decision to go Christ. This event changed the whole there thus: tenor of his thought. At once it became his desire to devote his life to "By and by he asked me whether the service of God. Ere long he re- I thought he would do for Africa. I solved to give to missions all he could said I believed he would, if he would earn above what was needed for his not go to an old station, but would adsupport, and a little later, on reading vance to the vast plain to the north, Gi.i.tzlaff's "Appeal to the Churches of where I had sometimes seen, in the Britain and America on Behalf of morning sun, the smoke of a thousand China," decided to go as a medical villages where no missionary had missionary to that great empire. The ever been. At last he said: 'What is double course in medicine and theol- the use of my waiting for the end of ogy which he resolved to take was a this abominable opium war? I will costly one, yet by working six go at once to Africa.' The directors months in summer in the mill, and concurred, and Africa became his studying six months in the winter in sphere." Glasgow, and practising the most 6gid economy, he met it all himself. On November 16, 1840, he went, "I never received a farthing from any for the last time, to the old home one," he says. at Blantyre. As he must return to London early the next morning, he In 1838 he applied to the London proposed that they sit up all night. Missionary Society for an appoint- The wise and loving mother vetoed ment to China, and according to cus- this, but father and son talked far tom, was placed on probation for into the night, their principal topic three months. But his poor success being missions. "They agreed that in sermonizing well-nigh cost him the time would come," says his sister, his rejection. The story is told that "when rich men would think it an on one occasion, having been sent to honor to support whole stations inpreach for a minister who was ill, he stead of spending their money on failed completely. "He took his hounds and horses." Next morning text," says one of his fellow proba- the family rose at five o'clock. The tioners, "read it out deliberately and mother made coffee, and David read then-then-his sermon fled. Mid- the 121st and 135th Psalms, and night darkness came upon him, and he prayed. Father and son then walked said abruptly, 'Friends, I have forgot- to Glasgow to catch the Liverpool ten all I have to say,' and left the boat, where they parted, never to meet chapel." again on earth.

190<)J DAVID LIVINGSTONE-THE MISSIONARY

Three weeks later, on December 8, at lIabotsa, 200 miles northeast of 1840, Livingstone sailed for Africa on Kuruman, the location he had been the packet George. At the end of seeking. In August, 1843, with a five months he landed at Algoa Bay, brother missionary and a native asand proceeded at once by ox-wagon sistant named Mebalwe, he returned to Kuruman, l'doffat's station, 700 thither, and, purchasing a· piece of miles away. This gave him his first ground, built a hut 18 by 50 feet upon taste of African travel, and he was it. All this was done on his own refascinated by it. At once he began sponsibility. He hoped the directors to study the fauna and flora of the would approve; but if not he was country, and to make collections of ready, as he wrote them, "to go anythe curious and interesting things he where provided it be FORWARD." saw. This was continued throughout his African career, and enabled him Encounter with the Lion to make important contributions to science. It was at Mabotsa that he had his famous encounter with the lion. The Arriving at Kuruman, he tarried place was infested with lions, which long enough to recruit the oxen, and broke into the cattle-pens by night and then started in search of a suitable attacked the herds by day. Soon locality for a new station he was to after his arrival nine sheep were open to the north after the return killed not far from his home, and he of the Moffats. In December he was started out with the people to rid back again, having traveled 700 miles. the place of the marauders. He In February, 1842, he started out a wounded one of the lions, but did not second time. Halting at Lepe1ole, he kill it, and bounding at him, it caught buried himself among the natives for him by the shoulder, tore his flesh six months to learn their language and crunched the bones of his arm. and gain an insight into their ways. There seemed no hope of rescue, but This ordeal over, he pushed on again, Mebalwe, rushing to him, drew the visiting other tribes. attention of the lion to himself. By so doing he saved his master's life, Owing to sickness among the oxen, but almost lost his own. The lion part of the return journey was made sprang on him and bit his thigh, but on foot. One day Livingstone heard another man coming to his assistance, some of his party, who did not know it turned on him and caught him by that he understood their language, the shoulder. Just then the shots discussing his powers and appearance. previously fired took effect, and it "He is not strong," they said; "he is fell down dead. Livingstone's life quite slim and only appears stout be- was spared as by a miracle, but his cause he puts himself into those bags arm was seriously crippled and ever (trousers): he will soon knock up." after it caused him much pain. At this his Highland blood began to rise. "For days I kept them at top Up to this time, Livingstone had speed," he says, "until I heard them given little thought to the question of expressing proper opinions of my marriage. In applying to the London pedestrian powers." Missionary Society in 1838, for an appointment to China, he wrote While on a third journey he found

that "he was not married, nor under gun-mending, farriering, wagonany engagement of marriage, nor had mending, preaching, schooling, leche ever made proposals of marriage, turing on physics according to my nor indeed been in love," and wouIe: means, besides a chair in divinity to prefer to go out alone. And towarc 1 class of three, fill up my time. . . . the close of 1843, he wrote to a friend My wife makes candles, soap and from Mabotsa: "There's no outlet for clothes, and thus we have nearly atme when I begin to think of getting tained to the indispensable accommarried but of sending home an ad- plishments of a family in Central vertisement to the EVGllgclical Maga- Africa-the husband a jack-of-all- .:;ill e, and if I get very old, it must trades without doors, the wife a maidbe for some decent sort of widow. of-all-work within." In the meantime I am too busy to think of anything of that kind." While at Chonuane, Livingstone made two journeys to the east in the But in 1844, when the Moffats re- hope of placing native teachers among turned from England, his ideas un- the different tribes. This brought derwent a sudden change. "After him into contact with the Boers of nearly four years of African life as the Cashan Mountains, whose enmity a bachelor," he says, "I screwed up he incurred by his denunciation of my courage to put a question beneath their outrageous treatment of the one of the fruit trees, the result of blacks. They were bitterly opposed which was that I became united in to missionary work, and threatened to marriage to Mr. Moffat's eldest attack any tribe that would receive a daughter, .Mary. Having been born teacher. in the country and being expert in household matters, she was always At the end of a year, a great the best spoke in the wheel at home." drought having cut off all supply of water, Livingstone removed from Their married life began at Ma- Chonuane to Kolobeng, on the Kolobotsa, but at the end of a year, owing beng River, forty miles away, and on to the unjust accusations of his fd- his advice Sechele and his tribe went low missionary, who charged him with him. Here he built another with taking to himself more credit house and taught the people to conthan was his due, Livingstone gave struct a dam and dig a watercourse up his house and the fine garden he for the irrigation of their gardens. had prepared for his bride, and removed to Chonuane, among the Bak- The home at Kolobeng, where three wains, forty miles to the north, where of their children were born, was the his work was soon rewarded by the nearest approach to a permanent one conversion of the chief, Sechele, who the Livingstones ever had. It was became one of the most famous and a busy overburdened life, yet in lookconsistent of the African converts. ing back Livingstone declared he felt Of the busy life at Chonuane, Liv- but one regret-he had not devoted ingstone has given a vivid picture in enough time to playing with his his letters: children. "TIut generally," he says, "I was so exhausted by the mental and "Building, gardening, cobbling, manual labors of the day that in the doctoring. tinkering, carpentering, evening there was no fun left in me." .

1<)0<) DAVID LIVINGSTON E-THE MISSIONARY

As the drought continued from the one a foe to men, the other to year to year, and the waters of the beasts. Two of his children and all river fail ed, Livingstone realized of his servants were stricken with that he must move again. But whither fever, and there was nothing to do should he go? To the south there but turn back. were oth er missionaries. To the east the Boel·s barred the way. On the A third attempt was made in J851. north and west lay the great Kalahari clesert, which it seemecl impossi- S1:S I , ONE OF LrVJNGSTON E' S BODY-GUARD ble to cross. Beyond the dese rt lay .:gal11 i, the great fresh-water lake of It was Susi and Ch uma who f ound Livingwhi ch he had heanl Illuch, but which stone dead in his hut, buried his heart under the no white man had ever been able to tree and carried his body to the coast. reach. As conditions at K olobeng g rew worse, he resolved to cross the Starting north with his family and desert , find the lake, and seek a :Mr. Oswell, Sebituane's territory was healthful location in the region be- reached at last, but two weeks after yond it, where Sebituane, chief of the their arrival the great chief died. Un- Makololo, and a friend of Sechele's, able to find a healthful location for a held full sway. mission, Livingstone started back, but 110t before he had made one of his On Jline I, 1849, accompanied by g reatest discoveries-the River Zam- besi, flowing in the center of the two E ngli sh hunters, Messrs. Oswell and Murray, he started north , and two months later, on August 1st, stood beside the far-famed lake. This was his fi rst great discovery, and when the news reached England he was voted twenty-five guineas for it by the Royal Geographical Society in London.

U nable to proceed farther at thi s time, Livingstone returned to Kolobeng ; but true to his favorite maxim , " Try again ," in A pril, 1850, he set out a second time, taking his wife and children with him. When they reached the lake, he took them all to see it. "The children," he says, "took to playing in it as ducklings do. Paidling in it was great fun." Great fun for the father, too, no doubt- "his own children 'paidling' in his own lake," as Blaikie says. But alas! the region around the lake was infested with fever and the tsetse-fly, those two great scourges of A frica,

continent, where it had hitherto not destroyed his house, carried off his been known to be at all. furniture and clothing, smashed his medicine-chest, and tore his books into Friends now pleaded with him to fragments-the precious books that settle down at some permanent sta- had been the solace of his lonely life. tion toward the south. But it was not for the work of an ordinary mission- In June, 1853, after a journey ary that he had been caIled to Africa of almost incredible hardships, he by God. When first the vastness of reached Linyanti, the capital of the the unknown interior, with its mil- Makololo, where Seleketu, the son and lions who had never heard the name successor of Sebituane, gave him a of Christ, began to dawn upon him, royal welcome. He tarried here sevthe question, "Vho will penetrate eral months, preaching the Gospel and through Africa?" had burned its way healing the sick. He longed to make ihtd his brain, and he now perceived it his permanent station, but the danthat he himself was to be the answer ger of fever was so great he dared to it. "If I were to follow my own not expose his family to it. At inclinations," he said, "they would length, having sought in vain for a lead me to settle down quietly; but healthful location, he gave up the first Providence seems to call me to the re- object of his journey and turned to gions beyond." the second.

Unwilling to subject wife and chil- On November II, 1853, he set out dren to such hardships as they had for St. Paul de Loando, on the west endured on the journeys to Lake coast, with twenty-seven Makololo Ngami (the children had suffered men furnished by Seleketu on the much from thirst in the desert, and promise that he would bring them had been bitten so badly by mosqui- back again. The journey was the toes that there was not a square inch most difficult he had as yet attempted. of whole skin on their bodies), Liv- Knowing that he was taking his life ingstone took them to Cape Town in in his hands, he settled up all his afr852, and on April 13th they sailed fairs before starting, yet he never for England, expecting to remain two thought of giving up the plan. "Can years, and then rejoin him in Africa. not the love of Christ carry the mis- But it was nearly five before they met sionary where the slave-trade carries again. the trader?" he wrote at this time.

With a lonely heart that was ever On May 31, 1854, after a terrible yearning for its loved ones, Living- journey of seven months, during stone now started on his famous jour- which he encountered perils of every ney of 1,100 miles, his twofold purpose sort, he at length reached Loando in being to find a healthful loca- safety. Thirty attacks of fever and tion beyond Lake Ngami and open up the lack of nourishing food had made a highway from the interior to the him a mere skeleton, but Mr. Gabriel, western sea. the British Commissioner, cared for him so tenderly he soon began to The first halt was made with the mend. "Seeing me ill," says Living- Moffats at Kuruman. Here he learned stone, "he offered me his own bed. of a raid the Boers had made .upon Never shall I forget the pleasure I Kolobeng, in the course of which they

DAVID LIVI NGSTONE-THE MISSIONA RY

felt in feeling myself again on a good On March 3, 1856, he reached the E nglish couch after six month s sleep- Portuguese settlement at Tette, where ing on the grou nd." the "civilized breakfast" was a lux- But tho he rallied at first, he soon ury second only to Mr. Gabriel's Eng- became so ill that friends urged him lish bed. On May ~oth, he arrived at to go home. It was a great tempta- Quilimane, on the east coast, thus tion, for he longed intensely for wife completing the g reat feat of cross- and children and a breath of Scottish ing the continent fro111 west to east.

air. The captain of an E nglish ship in the harbor offered him free pas- sage, but, sending his letters, observa- tions and reports on board, he allowed it to depart without hi111. Why? Be- cause he would not break his word to the black companions who had been so faithful to him. He had promised to take them home, and he would do it, cost him what it might. No event of his career showed a more heroic spirit, and none won him g reater fa- vor both with blacks and whites.

Leaving Loando on September 24, r854, he arrived at Linyanti, Septem- ber II, 1855, having been almost a year on the way. Here he found let- ters from loved ones and a box from SECTION OF THE TREE UNDER WHICH LIVINGSTONE'S the Moffats with clothing and good HEART WAS BURIED things to eat. Fearing that it was bewitched, the natives had put it on "I do not feel so much elated," he an island, built a hut over it and kept wrote. "Viewed in relation to my it there till his return. calling, the end of the geographical The route to the west coast hav- feat is only the beginning- of the en- . ing proved unsatisfactory, Livingstone terprise."

started out on November 3, 1855, to On December 9, 1856, the young find if possible a better highway to missionary who sailed from England the east. Choosing the route along sixteen years before returned to find the Zambesi, he discovered the great himself a famous man throughout the Victoria Falls, which he named in world. Great meetings to welcome honor of the queen, and shortly after him were held by the London Mis- came upon two high ridges free from sionary Society and the Royal Geo- fever and tsetse, which give him new graphical Society, and he was given hope of establishing a mission. It the freedom of London, Edinburgh, was a wonderful country through Glasgow, and other cities. The de- which he was passing, but everywhere gree of D.eL. was conferred upon there were traces of the slave-trade him by one university, and of LL.D.

that made him sick at heart. by another, and he was made a mem-

ber of the geographical societies of now wore the famous blue cap with many lands. The queen gave him a the queen's gold band, by which he private audience, and everywhere he was afterward known throughout was the lion of the hour. To his Africa. But he was as much of a great joy, his wife shared many of missionary as ever. From the day he his honors with him, and received the landed in Africa in 1'841 until his meed of praise that was her due. death at Ilala in 1873 he preached Honored as few men have been and Christ to the natives, no matter where as never missionary was before, he he was or what he was doing.

remained the same true-hearted, sim- Landing on the east coast of Africa ple, unassuming man. "Men may in May, 1858, Livingstone and his think I court fame," he wrote in after party proceeded at once to the work years, "but I make it a rule never to of exploring the Zambesi and its read aught written in my praise." tributary streams. In 1859 three While in England he was induced great discoveries were made-the to write an account of his travels, a Shire. River and the lakes Shirwa and task so distasteful to him that he says Nyassa. In the region around Lake in the preface: "I think I would Nyassa they saw the slave-trade at rather cross the African continent its very worst. Believing that a again than to write another book." steamer on the lake would assist ma- But it was a great success and terially in putting down the awful brought him a small fortune, much of traffic, Livingstone ordered a little which was used in furthering his vessel, the Lady N yassa, to be sent work. out from England at a cost of to,ooo, The book being finished, some which he defrayed himself from the months were spent in delivering ad- profits of his book.

dresses. Nowhere was he received But tho the expedition was fruit- with more enthusiasm than at Oxford ful in discovery, it was marked by and Cambridge. It was at the latter disappointment and disaster. In 1862, that he uttered the famous words that Bishop Mackenzie, the noble young led to the foundation of the Universi- leader of the Universities' Mission, ties' Mission: "I go back to Africa whose coming had been such a joy, to try to make an open path for C0111- was stricken with fever and died on merce and Christianity; do you carry January 3Ist. A few days later, Mr.

out the work I have begun. I LEAVE Burrup, a colleague of the bishop, IT WITH yoe." was stricken and also passed away.

Believing that God had caned him But the crowning sorrow was the to open up Africa and that mission- death of l1rs. Livingstone, which oc- ary money ought not to be used for curred on April 27, 1862, at Shu- that work, he now severed his con- panga, on the Zambesi, after an ill- nection with the London Missionary ness of only five days. With breaking Society, and on March 10, 1858, with heart her husband wrote: his wife and youngest child, returned "It is the first heavy stroke I have to Africa as leader of a government suffered, and it quite takes away my exploring expedition and British con- strength. I loved her when I mar- sul at Quilimane. On his head he ried her, and the longer I lived with

11)09] DAVID LIVIKGSTONE-THE MISSIONARY

her I loved her the more. Oh, my upon the continent the rude figure of Mary, my Mary! how often we have a cross. longed for a quiet home since you and I were cast adrift at Kolobeng; Spurred 011 by the sight of the surely the removal by a kind Father slaves in the Zanzibar market, he means that He has rewarded you by taking you to the best home." MONUMENT TO LIVINGSTONE IN CENTRAL AFRICA In Jnly, 1863, for political and entered upon his work with a brave heart and a determined spirit. Bnt financial reasons, the expedition was as he pushed on into the interior he recalled, and Livingstone was obliged became practically cut off from all to sell the Lad)' Nyassa. which, owing communication with the outer world. to the cataracts in the Shire, had not Surrounded by traders who hated him yet been gotten to the lake. The Por- because of his condemnation of their tuguese wanted to buy her to use as a slaver, but to this he would not consent. "I woule! rather see her go down to the depths of the Indian Ocean," he declared.

Bombay being the nearest market, on April 30, 1864, he started thither in the little steamer, manned by a crew of ten, with himself as captain and pilot. It was a hazardous undertaking, yet forty-five days later he completed the long voyage of 2,500 miles-a feat second only to his journeys by land.

Leaving the little craft there, he sailed for England, where he remained only long enough to see his children and write his second book, "The Zambesi and Its Tributaries," and then was off again, at the request of the Royal Geographical Society, to settle the long-disputed question of the sources of the Nile. The wish was exprest that he might go out untrammeled by other occupation; but to this he responded: "I can only feel in the way of :111ty by working as a missionary."

Returning to Africa via Bombay, where he sold the Lady Nyassa for less than half she cost, he began, 011 March 19, 1866, that last great journey in which he unconsciously traced

nefarious work, the letters he wrote to witness in connection with the never reached their destination, and slave-trade nearly broke his heart.

of forty sent him only one arrived His one comfort was his well-worn to cheer his lonely heart. Bible, which he read from beginning Nothing whatever was heard from to end four times.

him until December, 1866, when one In February, 1870, he made his of his men, Musa, arrived at Zanzi- way to "C"jiji, on the eastern shore bar, bringing word that he had been of Lake Tanganyika, where he murdered by the natives. The story had o~dered his supplies to be sent.

was only half believed, for Musa was But alas! everything had been stolen a well-known liar, but nevertheless an save two old letters. Ordering fresh expedition was sent in search of him supplies from Zanzibar, in October, by the Royal Geographical Society~ 1871, he came again to Ujiji, "a mere At the end of eight months the expe- ruckle of bones," only to find that dition returned home without finding the man to whom his goods had been him. Conclusive proof had been re- consigned had sold them all off! On ceived that he was aliv.e and pushing October 24th he wrote: on-but where they could not tell. "I felt in my destitution as if I In 1868 letters came at last telling were the man who went down from of the discovery of Lakes Moero and Jerusalem to Jericho and fell among Bangweolo. In May, 186<), he wrote thieves; but I could not hope for again, and then for three long years priest, Levite or Good Samaritan to no more was heard. come by on either side. But the Meanwhile, little knowing the dis- Good Samaritan was close at hand, turbance Musa had created, Living- for one morning Susi came running stone was pushing on toward Lake at the top of his speed, and gasped Tanganyika and suffering much in out, 'An Englishman!' and darted off many ways. Unable to secure sup- to meet him. The American flag at plies, he was forced to subsist on the head of the caravan told of the African maize, a hard and tasteless nationality of the stranger. It was food that hurt his teeth and broke Henry Morland Stanley, the traveling them out. He had neither coffee, tea, correspondent of the New York H er- nor sugar, and the loss of his four aId, sent by James Gordon Bennett, goats cut him off from his supply of at an expense of more than £4,000, to milk. In January, 1867, his medicine- obtain accurate information about Dr.

chest was stolen-a crowning blow, Livingstone if living, and if dead to for without it he was at the mercy of bring home my bones. I the fever. "I felt as if I had now really do feel extremely grateful, and received the sentence of death," he at the same time a little ashamed at says. not being more worthy of the gener- Fallen trees and swollen rivers osity."

made progress slow and difficult and To the sick and lonely old man the he was often obliged to halt on account young reporter brought new life and of severe attacks of illness. Years had courage. Together, for fom months, passed since he had heard from home, they explored the region round about and the awful sights he was compelled Lake Tanganyika-Hthe picnic on

I909J DAVID LIVI NGSTO NE-THE MISSIONARY EXPLORER

Tanganyika," Livingstone persisted in together with his instruments and pa- calling it-and then on March J 5, pers, was carried to the sea. It 1872, they parted with the sorest sor- involved a journey of eight month s row in the hearts of both. Stanley and many perils, yet these faithful pleaded with Livingstone to go home black men never faltered until they with him, but he refused to go until delivel-ed their sacred burden to the his work was done. The stopping of British consul at Zanzibar.

the slave-trade had now becom e the On April IS, 1874, the body arrived ruling purpose of his life, and he felt that by remaining he might do some- thing toward this end. But the long- ing to finish his work was very great.

Five days after Stanley left him, this entry was made in his journal: "I9th March, Birthday.-My Jesus, my King, my Life, my All; I again dedicate myself to Thee. Accept me, and grant, 0 gracious Father, that ere this year is gone I may finish my task. In Jesus' name I ask it. Amen.

So let it be."

t'ot that year, but the next, was his great work to be ended. A ft er months of weary travel, during which he suffered much, he was carried by slow stages t o Ilala, the village of Chitambo, a friendly chief, on the shores of Lake Bangweolo, and laid upon a rude bed in a hut that had been built for him. Two days later, at four o'clock on the morning of May 1st, his faithful black servants LI VINGSTON E MON U MENT IN SCOTLAN D found him dead beside his bed. Like Schmidt and Schwartz, he had passed 1I1 E ngland and was identified by the away while on his knees in prayer. injury to the arm inflicted by the lion S usi and Chuma, having been thirty years before. Three days later longest with him, at once took charge it was laid to rest in England's of hi s remains. The heart and other famous Abbey, and at the close of the organs were removed and buried un- solemn and impressive service the der a moula tree, the burial service grave was filled with flowers _ being read by Jacob Wainwright, an- On July 12, 1890, the doors of the other of his black boys, who also Abbey again swung open to admit a carved an inscription on the tree. The great explorer, and once more the body was then embalmed and left to grave of Livingstone was decked with dry for fourteen days. This done, it flowers. As Henry M. Stanley led was wrapt in calico and bark, and, Miss Tennant to the altar, the long

crimson carpet in the aisle broke line work was not ended. His geographiover the slab that bears the name of cal feats proved to be the beginning Livingstone, and on the prostrate tab- of the enterprise. In the decade follet were laid two great wreaths of lowing more was done for Africa flowers. And as the bride herself than in a century before, and the moved up the aisle she paused to great interior, where he sowed his place another tribute on it, bearing precious seeel with tears, is now the words in flowers: "In memoriam, dotted with mission stations from David Livingstone-H. M. Stanley." which the Light is radiating far and wide. Tho Livingstone was dead, his FACSIMILE OF A~ EPITAPH IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY Brought by Faithful Hands Over Land and Sea Here Rests DAVID LIVINGSTONE Missionary Traveler Philanthropist BORN MARCH 19, 1813 At Blantyre, Lanarkshire DIED MAY I, 1873 At Chitambo's Village, Ulala.

For Thirty Years His Life Was Spent In An Unwearied Effort To Evangelize the ~ative Races To Explore the Undiscovered Secrets To Abolish the Desolating Slave Trade Of Central Africa Where With His Last Words He Wrote "All I can Add in My Solitude, Is, May Heaven's Rich Blessing Come Down On Everyone, American, English, or Turk, Who Will Help to Heal This Open Sore of the World." BY REV. GEORGE FELTUS True statesmanship does not confine to attempt. He went out to Calcutta itself to the science of government. with only one injunction,-not to set- There is a broader and more useful tle in the metropolis, but in the rural field for its employment. The man districts of Bengal. It became his who grasps the principles underlying duty to violate that one command the the public life, perceives the final effect moment he saw the country and people of present forces, and then with self- for himself. Others before him had sacrificing heroism addresses himself attempted to kill Hinduism by bleed- to regulate those forces for the wel- ing at some of the rural arteries; but fare of mankind, is in a true and noble the life blood oozed out with slow sense a statesman. drops. The young Scot vowed to kill Alexander Duff was destined in the Hinduism; to accomplish this he cradle for the missionary apostleship. struck at the heart, the metropolis. It Born in Scotland in 1806, settling at was the resolve of genius, the begin- an early age with his parents near ning of an ever growing success.

Moulin in the Grampian Hills, the cir- That was but the first stroke of the cumstances and training of his youth statesman-like mind. Duff's distinc- were preparation and prophecy of his tive genius was shown in his educa- career in the Eastern Empire. The tional method. It had been entirely rugged slopes and lofty peaks of those overlooked that in India there was a poetic highlands seemed a foretype of gigantic system of error to be rejected the tall, rugged physique and the stal- before a system of truth could be em- wart manhood being developed in the braced. The Hindu theory of medi- young lad. The prayers, the instruc- cine, astronomy and in fact of all sci- tions and the consistent example of ence, was based upon a fanciful and devout parents instilled into his heart mythical cosmogony; religious doc- the precious truths of the Gospel, and trines were involved, inseparably wove about his life influences direc- bound up in the baseless fabric. There- tive and imperishable; while the pow- fore, before the Hindu could be per- erful intellect of the famous Dr. Chal- suaded of the absurdity of these teach- mers, at whose feet he sat in St. ings he must be shown the falsity of Andrew's Cniversity, imprest and the science upon which they rested.

molded his mind not only with com- For this purpose Duff opened a col- mon Christian doctrines, but with that lege for instruction in European sci- one which urged him to his life work, ence, philosophy and literature. By -the salvation of the heathen world. truth he would dispel error. While The statesmanlike qualities of Duff others were patiently laboring to se- were manifested at the beginning of Cttre a few converts to Christianity, his career. With a foresight charac- he would "with the blessing of God, teristic of great men, he requested that devote his time and strength to the he be left wholly unshackled in his preparing of a mine and the setting method of dealing with the natives. of a train, which one day would ex- This wise demand enabled him to ac- plode and tear up" the whole heathen complish all that his genius fitted him system.

European science without religion, day and of succeeding generations was however, would have cut the Hindus to raise up a native ministry. No one loose from their old religious moor- conld preach the Gospel to a native ings and set them free before the like a native. No one could refute tempest of immorality. To have the false arguments of a Brahman like pointed out their error without lead- a converted Brahman. Noone could ing them into the truth would have reach the suffering Bengalese like one been to empty the house of ancestral born and reared in their degradation. . idols, and then invite the seven-fold Foreigners could preach to few; na- demons of Western infidelity and lust. tives had snccess everywhere. For- It was his conviction that wherever, eigners might be expelled; natives whenever and by whomever Christian- never. He would raise up a Paul, a ity is sacrificed upon the altar of Peter, a Timothy who would go every- worldly expediency, there and then where through the land preaching must the supreme good of man lie Christ the Savior of the world. bleeding at its base. Religion was in- tended to be, not merely the founda- The influence of Alexander Duff tion upon which the superstructure of upon the education and evangelization all useful knowledge was to be reared, of India will never be fully measured but the animating spirit which was to until that day in which every man's pervade and hallow it all. The in- work shall be revealed. If the eulogy struction in secular knowledge was so of the Indian government, commend- saturated with the teachings of Jesus ing his work, is of meaning, let that Christ that the scholar could not re- be weighed; if the judgment of the ceive the one without being imbued English nation, accepting his advice in with the other. If, then, the convic- framing the Indian educational bill of tion of scientific truth forced him to r854, be of significance, let that be abandon the absurd practises of idol- weighed; if the tribute of other mis- atry, the ethical and moral doctrines sionaries, copying even to the present of that Great Teacher would at least day his models, be a testimony, let that keep him from license and sensuality. be weighed; if the earnest words of All truth, directed by the two-edged commendation and the plea for the sword of the word of God was to be continuance of his presence, made by the instrument with which to pierce ten or more high class Brahman pun- to the vitals of Brahmanism, and save dits, are of force, let them be weighed; the Hindus. if the spoken thanks and heart-felt gratitude of thousands of your Hin- A third link in the educational dus delivered from a life of debasing scheme of this man, reveals his fore- ignorance, have any worth, let them sight. His work was not partial or be weighed; if the blessings of un- temporal. It was vast and all-com- numbered souls led from the flickering prehensive. It was not enough for Light of Asia into the Glorious Light him that these Christian schools should of the Torld be of value, let them be fit Bengalese for superior positions in weighed: and when all these shall have banking houses and government of- been cast into the balance, still there fices. This statesman saw that the shall be found wanting a full and true surest way to reach the Hindu of his estimate of the work of Dr. Duff.

WOMAN'S WORK FOR WOMAN IN

BY THE LATE JACOB CHAMBERLAIN, M.D., D.D., OF INDIA India 1S surging in the throes of the Hindus, whose laws are more binding mightiest upheaval of the ages; for upon the Hindus than ever were the Hinduism, which has stood for laws of Moses upon the Jews, gave thousands of years, is seen by the a code of laws affecting every phase Hindus themselves to be cracking and of Hindu life. These laws show the upheaving. They know not what is position to which woman has been re- to be the outcome, or what is to take duced. A single quotation is suffi- its place. cient from the fifth chapter of the Laws of llanu, the I46th and follow- Hinduism is indeed a most ancient ing verses: system; for in the days when :Moses, guided by the divine Spirit, was Hear now the laws concerning womgathering together the Hebrew tracli- en. By a girl, by a damsel, by a woman tions, while he, on the summit of Mt. nothing must be done, even in her own Sinai, was receiving the Ten Com- dwelling-place, according to her own mandments, our ancestors, the Aryan pleasure. In childhood a female must race, living on the table-lands of Cen- be dependent on her father; in youth, tral Asia, were singing the earlier on her husband; her lord being dead, on hymns of the Vedas. At that time her sons; if she have no sons, on the they were a simple pastoral people near kinsman of her husband; if he have dwelling on the uplands, with their no kinsman, on those of her father; if she have no paternal kinsman, then on herds about them.* her sovereign. A woman mLlst never seek independence. Through the teachings of the Hindu religious books-the Shastras and This iron-bound law enslaves Hin- Puranas-caste, polytheism, idolatry du women even to the present day, and the dethronement and seclusion of so that she must not even think for womanhood have become established herself. The laws also indicate that in that land. The women of the higher a woman can never attain immortalcastes have been almost shut out from ity of herself, and her only chance in the light of day. They have lost the a future life is as the slave of her position that they held under the ear- husband. There are no old bachelier Vedic Aryans, and arc almost lors in India; there are no old maids; enslaved. In the higher castes a girl it is Manu's decree that everyone from the time she becomes marriage- must marry. able until she is a grandmother, or until her sons are married, is secluded A proverb, one quoted on all occaJ from the world and can not enjoy the sions, says, "Get a, good wife if you light of the sun except as it creeps in can, if not, take a bad one; for marry at the barred windows of her zenana. you must."

Manu, the great lawgiver of the Woman in India, even at the pres- ent day, is socially ignored. A native * There is a very pleasant little reminder of that judge came to make a call of courtesy one day, and I said: time in one of the sweetest words that comes upon a father's livs-Hdaughter." In those early times "Have you a family?" of our Aryan ancestors the eldest daughter had "No." charge of the dairy, and was caned in Sanskrit "Aren't you married?" the dahatri~ which means "dairy maid," and became our word "daughter."

"Yes; I have a wife." allowed to read. There IS the sore "But who were those little girls that spot of India, a spot that can only I saw playing around your house the be healed by the touch of Christ's other day?" daughters, coming there and rescuing "Oh, yes, I have some girls." those 3,000,000 of dancing girls. He had no SOilS, and therefore said il/hat makes it still worse is the fact that he had no family. that good, respectable families do not The Hindus look upon boys as a hesitate to devote one of their daughblessing and girls as of no account; ters to the temple service, giving them upon boys as a sign of divine favor, over to the life of a temple courtezan upon the birth of a girl as a sign of under the name of devotion to the divine displeasure. When one hears deity. from your neighbor's that there is a birth in his house, one must ascertain When I first began practising mediwhether it is a case for condolence cine and surgery in India, there came or congratulation. one day a mother of a respectable Family discipline in India is pecul- merchant's family bringing her iar, for a man includes his wife daughter to the woman's ward of my among those over whom such discip- hospital to be treated for a disease line must be exercised. One day, as the result of sin. I said to the I passed by a well-to-do Hindu neigh- mother: bor's house, I heard screams and blows. The next time I saw that "Where is your daughter's husneighbor I reproved him for beating band?" his wife, and he said: "Yes, she did make me awful mad "Oh, the temple gods and temple that day, and I suppose I did beat her Brahmans are her husband," was the a little too hard." reply. "But you should not beat your wife at all." 'Without a sense of shame the "Not beat my wife? How in the mother was parading the fact. I world would family discipline be learned that when her husband was maintained if I did not ?" sick, a little after this daughter's "But I never beat my wife." birth, they macle a vow that if he re- "Oh, she is a different sort of crea- covered they would give that daughture !" ter to that temple service.

Education and Religion How it makes our hearts ache as we see this sore spot in India. How According to the immemorial cus- the odor of it reaches up to heaven! tom of the Hindus, up to within the Even Hindus, who still cling to their past few years :1 woman could not system, are now acknowledging the be taught to read. Manu expressly fearful wretchedness of this practise, forbids a woman ever to read the and are inveighing against it. The Vedas. When I first went to India, Daily Hindu, an orthodox Hindu to ask a Hindu female if she conld newspaper published in Madras, in read was an insult, for then none speaking of the Hindu priesthood as but the immoral dancing girls were it now exists, said: Profoundly ignorant as a class, and infinitely selfish, it is the mainstay of every unholy, immoral and cruel custom and superstition in our midst-from the

wretched dancing girl, who insults the "Ah, yes, you are listening, are deity by her existence, to the pilling you? I will tell your wife what house child-widow, whose every tear, and every I saw you coming out of about day- hair of whose head shall stand up light as I was passing by." against everyone of us who tolerate it on the Day of Judgment. Of such a Tho the man knew it was a lie, yet priestly class our 'women are the ignorant he slunk away around the house and tools alld dupes. disappeared. Then they began upon another man and told him if he didn't If a missionary had said such a leave there they would tell his wife thing he would have been prosecuted what they saw him do in such a for libel. The Hindu editor said it, bazaar town, and so they went on and all his readers know it is true, singling them out one by one until and yet the dancing girls are still im- every man in the street had disapmolated day by day in India, for the peared and they were masters of the mothers of India, yet held in that su- situation. The power they have over perstition in which they have been their husbands and sons in matters of reared, helped on by this very Brah- their religion is wonderful. man priesthood whom they fear, still consecrate their loveliest daughters to This power stands as a wall of this "service of the gods." adamant barring the progress of the Gospel. Yet a rift in that wall is be- Woman is the stronghold of super- coming evident. The young men of stition, and in religious matters has Inelia have largely been gathered in the power, and thoroughly does she mission schools and educated for the exercise that power in her family and last seven decades. Missionaries have out of it. The only time I utterly gone forth from America, from Engfailed in securing an audience in land, from Germany, from many street-preaching was once, when two Christian lands and established these missionaries went at dawn to a vil- schools, and have been instructing the lage of farmers where the mothers young men. The missionary's wife could go outside after they were thirty has established schools for the chilyears of ~ge. VVe had gathered an dren, and they have become to some audience of men, and were telling degree enlightened. Some years ago, them how to get rid of sin through a when we gave prizes in our Christian crucified Redeemer. The women, see- girls' schools and invited non-Chrising at once that their faith was threat- tian gentlemen to witness the examened by these foreigners, that their inations, these educated Hindus, offigods would be deserted if our preach- cials many of them, listened to the ing were received, flew to the rescue answers that these girls gave, and to of the men, and, coming out in force, the sweet songs that they sang, and began to abuse in the vilest language saw how their countenances gleamed that it was possible for the human "";th intelligence and joy, and said: mouth to utter. Seeing that we were "If education can do that for the lownot scared away by that, and that the born Christian girls, what would it men were still inclined to attend to not do for onr high-born wives, our ~what we said, they turned their tac- daughters, our sisters?" tics upon the men who were listening and drove them away. They began This gave the glorious opportunity to say to one another:

{or the daughters of England, Amer- had brought him to the foreigner to ica, and Germany to come in and see if I could save him. I gave the wield a power that no male missionary needed medicine after I had as usual can wield for Christ in India. At read from the Bible and told of Him once there were organized schools for who could heal the maladies of the high-caste Hindu girls, as they feared soul as well as the diseases of the to come into our Christian girls' body. How that old lady drank in school, and they were lovingly, dili· the message! I was much attracted gently taught, and the missionary to her day after day, for she came ladies that taught in the high-caste every morning, and the little boy grew schools taught the highest of all wis- better each day. How grateful she dom, the knowledge of God. These was, and how she listened to the story Hindu girls coming to these schools of Jesus Christ the Savior! Within would learn to sing the songs of re- a year a village near that of the old deeming love, learn verses and chap- Brahman lady,peopled by pariah farm- ters in the Gospels, learn of the life ers and weavers, came over to Chris- of Jesus Christ on earth and the won- tianity. I sought to obtain a piece of derful words that He spoke, the deeds land to build a little schoolhouse and that He did, and go to their homes was surprized that the Brahman offi- and repeat them in the zenanas. cial of that village favored our pur- Women and MediciIIl Work chase. I could not understand why he had helped us, for Brahmans Then medical work opens the hearts usually oppose us, until I learned that as it opens the houses. When the he was the son of the old lady that body is healed how tender the heart had brought her grandson there for is toward the one that has effected healing.

the healing. A catechist and his wife were sent My camp was pitched in a mango there, and lived in that little house, grove fifteen miles from my station, instructing the new cotverts and and I was going out every morning preaching to all around. Night by at sunrise preaching in two or three night when all was still, out from her of the surrounding villages, and, com- street in the caste village would come ing back at eight or nine o'clock, I this old grandmother and tap gently would spend the rest of the day in on the door. On opening it they treating the sick that had come to- would see the face of this old lady, gether; for my tent would be sur- and would hear her say: "Oh, sister, rounded with those that had come for won't you let me hear you read a little treatment from the villages, from six more about that Jesus?" They would to eight miles around. On the second read and talk about Jesus Christ the morning, as I came back to my tent, divine Redeemer. Tears would run among those waiting to be treated I down her cheeks and she would say, saw an old Brahman grandmother as they pled with her to become a who had in her arms her little grand- Christian, "Oh, I do believe in your son, suffering from an acute form of Jesus, I do love your dear Jesus, but tropical dysentery. As their native how can I come out and be baptized doctors said he could not live, she and embrace Him as my Savior open-

WOMAN'S WORK FOR WO:VIAN IN INDIA

Iy? My Brahman son would kill me. now being educated, and never again If he did not kill me the other Brah- will they be held in that superstitious mans would cast him out and he bondage in which their mothers have would lose everything. No, I can not been so long enthralled. The rising do it; I can not do it. But will not generation of sons will not have to your dear Jesus accept me as I am? face that fearful opposition from their Oh, I do love Him; I do wish I could mothers that the present generation take His name upon my forehead; but faces. Young men come to me say- don't you think, don't you think that ing, "Sir, I would be a Christian but He will receive me without it?" my wife would not come with me. She She died later in the famine, but opposes me in everything pertaining her son remains our friend to this to my inquiries into and leaning to- day, in spite of those who counsel him ward Christianity. :My mother would to bppose us. She was, I doubt not, curse me, would curse the day of my one of Christ's hidden ones in that birth, would kill herself, if she did not dark land. kill me in case I became a Christian.

Many a lady doctor who has gone No, sir; let your ladies come and bring into the zenanas and cured women of our women to the light, as you are their diseases knows that there are bringing the men, and then we will here and there those whose hearts come together and will all be Chris- have been touched, whose hopes and tians."

desires and prayers have gone up to The power of women in India in that Savior whose name they dare not matters of religion is awful. In Ma- utter, for such is the bondage in which dras more than fifty years ago, a young all those women are bound. Brahman, in a well-known Christian There is also the work in the zena- school, was lovingly taught the Bible nas by the lady teachers. The zenanas and its lessons were imprest upon his are almost all open now to Christ's mind every day. He became deeply daughters, if they would only come and imprest with his lost condition and his enter in with the message of redeem- nee.d of a personal Savior. At last ing love, with kindness and love, little he came out saying that he must be by little letting them know whose a Christian. His friends determined daughters they are, who is the King that they would kill him rather than whom they should serve. that he should be baptized. A mob Bible women's work is being stead- surrounded the school building. The ily carried on, each missionary lady government sent a regiment to guard having a number of Bible women who the premises. The young man was go here and there as they can find baptized. He was taken from the entrance. They could tell of unreck- school to the missionary's house with oned fruits, of hidden ones here and a regiment about him in a hollow there who have come out of the dark- square; they took him through the ness into the light, for "The light of streets, where missiles were hurled at the world is Jesus." the soldiers because they were protect- A bright gleam of hope for India ing this renegade. The soldiers bivou- gladdens the horizon for India's acked around the missionary's house daughters. Wives and mothers are for days until the excitement passed

away. Then at last, when all was on one thing he is sane, and to that quiet again, his mother and his father he clings, and that is his faith in Jesus sent a messenger to him, saying, "It Christ." I saw him deftly molding a is too bad that you have become a cooking-vessel on a potter's wheel, and Christian, but do not let it break fam- as he finished it he looked np, and seeily ties. Come again to our house. ing me said, with startling earnest- Your mother wants to see you once ness, "Forsake J esns, did you say? more. You can not eat in our pres- ~ ever. I will never give Him up. ence to be sure; but you can sit on You may kill me, but I will never give the veranda, and your mother will pre- up my Jesus. Oh, Jesus Christ, keep pare the food, and place it there for me, keep me, keep mc firm to the encl." you. You will be glad to have some Then he sank back against the wall of your mother's cookery again, will and seemed utter!y unconscious of you not? Come and eat your evening everything but the Savior's love. meal and sleep at home to-night." The That still burned deep in his heart. young man, overjoyed at this unexpected kindness and unsuspicious of That is what Hinduism leads even evil, went. That evening meal was mothers to clo! Many young Braheaten, prepared by the mother with mans in India have been killed by poisonous drugs known only to. the poison administered by their mothers, witches of India, which while not ta- or their intellccts have been wrecked king away the life, wrecks the intel- rather than that they shonld be preachlect. The young man ate that food, lay down to sleep, and in the morning ers of Jesns Christ. The door has awoke insane. Then they cast him out into the street; they had no further now in a marvelous way been opened use nor care for him; for the tender for Christian women to enter almost mercies of the wicked are cruel. The every home in India, and there give missionaries found him. He was that divine message that alone can taken and tenderly cared for. As his soften hearts,. and bring the Hindu insanity did not yield, he was put in an asylum. The superintendent of the women to accept Jesns Christ as their insane asylum, a prominent English ph)Zsician, a young doctor in Madras Savior. when the conversion took place, him- The young men of India have been self gave me this account and vouched for its truth. I went with him to visit to a degree enlightened, and when the the asylum, for he said, "You will then young women and the olcIer women see that young man, now old and have come to see the unsatisfactory gray-haired, still an inmate, and yet nature of their old system, then will we see whole households coming in loving unison and bowing at the feet of our Savior. God gives the young women of America this oppor- tunity; may they seize it, and hasten India's redemption.

GR.OWTH OF SELF-EXTENSION IN THE CHUR.CH

INDIA THE INDIAN MISSIONARY SOCIETY OF TINNEVELLY BY V. S. AZAR1AH, PALAMCOTTAH, TINNEVELLY, INDIA Secretary of the National "Missionary Society of India One of the most hopeful signs of as r854 that revered saint, Rev. T. the Church in India in recent years G. Ragland, conceived and carried out has been the remarkable missionary a plan by which the flourishing conenthusiasm in the native churches. gregations of South Tinnevelly lent The formation of the National Mis- their catechists to him for one or two sionary Society of India, at Christmas, 1905, is one evidence of this growing spmt. The Indian missionary to the Telugu-speaking coolies of South Africa, the Urdu missionary to the Indian laborers in the Fiji Islands, the Karen missionaries in the interior of Siam and the Malay Peninsula are other instances.

The Indian Missionary Society of.

Tinnevelly is an organization with similar purpose. On the evening of February 12, 1903, a small group of pastors and laymen was gathered in a dingy little room in Palamcottah, the chief station of the Church Mis- sionary Society, Tinnevelly Mission.

They had come from all parts of the district to see the organization of a new society, the object and aim of which they had understood from an article that had appeared in the local magazine, under the title, "A Call INDIANS TRAINED AS CATECHISTS AND BOYS AND GIRLS to Undertake Foreign Missionary OF THE MISSION DOARDING SCHOOL Work." They knew that it was a months to help him in his itinerancy, truly indigenous scheme, furnishing the congregations themselves entirely the channel through which the Church supporting their own catechists dur- in TinneveIIy could obey the ascended ing that period. Speaking of the Lord's parting commission. After a hearty response given to his proposal few hours of prayer and careful by Rev. John Thomas, of Mengnana- thought, the small company ushered puram, Mr. Ragland says: "I feel into the world the "Indian Missionary so mnch canse for thankfulness; the Society of Tinnevelly." foundation, I trust, has been laid of There was missionary work in a genuine native missionary society."

TinneveJIy before this, for so early Again, during the time of Bishop

Sargent's supervision, evangelists were ciety f0n11ed in England or in America sent from Tinnevelly to the Kois in to send forth workers into their the Godavery District, and collections midst. But they find it hard to realize were taken in every congregation that the Indian Church, with all its throughout the district, on certain im- poverty of means and paucity of men, with its all-absorbing present problems MISSIONARIES OF THE IND1AN NATIONAL MISSIONARY of self-support and self-government, SOCIETY must also obey the great missionary commission, even as the long-standportant days of the year. That seems ing Churches of the 'vVest. It thereto have been dropt later; and for fore required special effort to educate years afterward a worker among the the community on the appalling needs Todas was supported by the contri- of neglected India and the extraorbutions of the native Church. dinary blessings enjoyed by the Tinnevelly Church for over a century. But the work of this new mission- One means of missionary education ary society stands on a different foot- was a monthly vernacular paper called ing. It is a society supported and The Missionary Intelligence]'. Five conducted almost exclusively by Indian hundred copies were printed monthly Christians. The object of this so- and distributed gratis to all subciety is "to develop by an indigenous scribers and contributing churches. organization the missionary spirit of In the second year the paper was enthe native Church in order to spread larged and the nominal price of one the Gospel in India or other lands." anna a year was charged. Now it has again been enlarged and the subscrip- At the outset, the idea of such a tion doubled. Started with a modest society was novel to the minds of edition of 500 copies a 111onth, it has Indian Christians. They can readily to-day a circulation of 2,500 copies. understand a Foreign Missionary So- From the very inception of the so- ciety the responsibility for its support was placed, not upon a body of men that may be called members of the society, but upon every member of the Church, and thus in a natural way the key to the missionary probl~m was placed in the hands of the pastor. It has been found that where the pastor is keen on the missionary idea. congregations catch his enthusiasm and are ready to follow him. Where, on the other hand, the vision of the minister is selfish and narrow the peo- ple care little for the missionary en- terprise.

During the first year the income amounted to over Rs. 1,530 ($500),

OF SELF-EXTENSION IN CHURCH OF

during the fourth year it amounted to Missionary work. The Missionary Rs. 4,522 ($1,500). Up to the Society, as we saw before, came on the present moment-i.e.) in five year- field in 1903. Comparing the receipts over Rs. 15,000 ($5,000) have been for church work for the year 1902 voluntarily given by the people. Of with those of 1906, the C. M. S.

this amount not more than Rs. 400 District Church Council Report said was given by European friends. that during the period the number of Vhen the society lost, in 1906, Rs. Christians increased but· five per cent, 2,100 in the Arbuthnot Bank, the while the contributions of the people people, not in the least disheartened to church support advanced twenty- at the sad loss, rallied to increase five per cent. The rate of increase their gifts, thus giving Rs. 1,200 more during the last quinquennium was than in the previous year. Nearly a larger than that of the previous one.

hundred pieces of jewelry, silver and The Missionary Field gold have been donated to the funds It was felt that to evoke mission- of the society during the last five ary enthusiasm in the people, the field years. A lady in middle life gave all of the society's operations should her gold ornaments, an old man re- neither be too near nor too far from moving the gold earrings he had for the base of supply. Such a field was over sixty years, an old lady on her available in the Nizam's dominions.

death-bed giving her bangles to the It was found that the Manukota Talu society, a widow sending her tali (a in the vVarangal District, with about gold necklace corresponding to the 60,000 people, had hardly a single wedding-ring). These are surely in- Christian. The society chose this as dications enough of the fact that the its field. In April, 1904, or fourteen cause of the society is embedded deep 1110nths after the society was or- in the hearts of the Christians. When ganized, the first missionary was sent we remember how fond South Indian to this field. The language spoken women are of jewels and ornaments, being Telugu, the missionary set him- how in most cases these jewels rep- self to the task of acquiring that resent the sum total of their savings, language. He was able to speak and and with what horror they look upon preach to the people six months after bare necks and empty ears, we can the arrival in the field. This is somewhat realize what it must have really one of the greatest advantages cost them to deny themselves of these that Indians have over Europeans.

valuables. Apart from a deep-seated The languages of India have more or love for the blest Savior and an en- less some kinship to each other, owing thusiastic devotion to the missionary to their common indebtedness to cause, such acts of self-sacrifice would Sanskrit. Hence any Indian language, be well-nigh impossible. It might be however foreign to a native of India, asked if these large gifts have not in has some words in it derived from any way affected the ordinary contri- the common stock. This facilitates butions for the self-support of the language study to such an extent that churches. We reply they have not. what takes the foreign missionary Rather we say that the cause of self- years to acquire with any degree of support has advanced with the Foreign fluency is in a shorter period and with

A DANCE OF LOMBADI WOMEN more accurate pronunciation easily ac- property is now valued at four or five quired by the Indian. At present five times the price paid for it by the so- Tinnevelly missionaries are working ciety. The accommodation is scarcely in the Taluk, everyone of whom can sufficient for the number of workers now use the language with fluency. sent out. The latest recruits, two young men who have gone out there As for the work itself, there is for evangelistic work as members of everything for which to be thankful. a brotherhood, have hac! to live in a Where three years ago there was no tent. The tent itself has an interesting Christian or Christian worker, to-day story. On learning the missionaries' are to be found 12 workers, 94 bap- need of a tent for carrying on evantized Christians, and over 250 catechu- gelistic work in the Taluk, one of the mens scattered in fourteen villages. leading Christians in Tinnevelly pur- chased this beautiful tent anc! made The headquarters of the mission is a presentation of it to the society. at Dornakal, where a spacious compound with a fairly large hOLlse was The report of the missionaries COIlpurchased at a very cheap cost. The MISSION HOUSE AND MISSlON TENT AT DORNAKAL, INDIA

OF SELF-EXTE~SION IN CHURCH OF

stantly speak of a large number of the center, was an illiterate, s~y, raw, villages where people are willing to heathen girl when she joined us fifteen come over and place themselves under 1110nths ago. She is now the brightest Christian instruction. The great girl in the school, and one who is a dearth of Telugu workers has been a strong spiritual f-orce among her comserious handicap. To meet this grow- rades. She will now answer your ing need, attempts are made to secure simple questions in her newly acquired a trained force of workers from the English.

A BRIDE AND GROUP OF LOMBADl WOMEN WITH COVERED HEADS new converts themselves. Two tuen There is also an evangelistic school with their families were thus trained at Dornakal, where chi ldren of those last year. A small number of boys in the railway service receive Angloand girls are also under training at vernacular education. The difficulties Dornakal. The expenses of these raised by these boys against opening children are all provided for by indi- the school with prayer, studying the viduals or" schools. The progress Bible, and sitting alongside of nonnoticed in those trained is remarkable. caste boys were all early overcome Most of these pupils did not know one by a little firmness on the part of the letter of the alp1!abet when they came mIssIOnaries. Now their whole attito the school a year ago. Isaiah (who tude toward Christianity has been stands on our right in the picture) changed. They not only submit to came to the school fresh from heathen- the regular Scripture lesson, but ism. Now he regularly reads his eagerly attend the voluntary Sabbath- Telugu Bible and can preach dis- school, and some even are in the habit courses from Gospel texts. Poo- of offering private prayer. ranum, the bright-faced girl sitting in An interesting work has lately been

commenced among a curious people the work of our missionarie3 they are called Lombadies. Their Aryan fea- being slowly attracted to the Savior. tures and high nasal index and the Two boys are at present learning at curious dress and ornaments of the the Dornakal school. A few families womenkind are well known. They in another village have become Chrisspeak among themselves the Gipsy tians and are preparing for baptism. language termed Lombadi or Labhani. They live in the usual tal/das, or col- The first baptism took place on lection of huts built here and there August 3, 1906. Soon after the bapoutside villages, and each tall do. is tism a testing time came. Those three ruled by a hereditary nayak or head- dire diseases of the Deccan-cholera, man. They keep no lamps at night smallpox and fever-fell thick upon inside their little huts, which are the people one after another. For a shared equally between some bulls, period of six months there was hardly cows, or buffaloes and human beings. a member of any family that escaped Drest in the most fantastic way, with this severe visitation. Five baptized petticoats and jackets decked with Christians fell victims to the sickness, broken glass pieces and sea-shells, and and yet the others were sustained by adorned with bangles and rings made the grace of God and stood firm to the of bones or glass, their women cer- end. The progress of Christians in tainly present a most novel appear- Scripture knowledge, in spiritual life ance. Their marriage ceremonies are and in liberality is very praiseworthy. also most curious. The Lombadi bride and bridegroom pour milk down In all this work the good hand of an ant-hill where a snake is said to God has been with the society. In live and offer to the snake coconut, attempting missionary work in a forflowers, and so on. The women weep eign-language area, this society' has and cry aloud, which is probably a been the first in India. It has sucrelic of marriage by capture. The ceeded in showing that a church in a right hands of the couple are joined mission-hi.nd can itself become a misand they walk seven times round two sionary church, sending forth its repgrain-pounding pestles, while the resentatives to what is practically a women chant a song, one line being foreign land. Even here it has proved sung for each journey round the the truth that gifts for foreign mispestle. For forty days after the mar- sionary work do not diminish the gifts riage ceremony the bride keeps her to the home church, and that there is head covered when she happe'ns to no better way of imparting new life meet her husband in public. Un- to a church than by leading it to enmarried sisters-in-law cover their faces gage in foreign missionary work. whenever they meet their brothers-in- Whether in America, in Great Britain, law in public. in India, China or Japan, every church needs something to live for As a tribe, these people are yet out- apart from itself and its own local side the influence of the Gospel. work. The vitality of a church de- There are 765,861 Lombadies m pends upon its being missionary. In India, of whom 174,391 live in the the words of Bishop Westcott, "Mis- Nizam's dominions. As the result of sionary work is the test of a standing or falling church."

OF RAMABAI'S PRAYING BAND} MUKTI

A VISIT TO RAMABAI'S HOME AT MUKTI* DY EMMA DEAN ANDERSON, SARGODHIA, NORTH INDIA It was my great privilege to spend like gold. In the dishes were different a few days in this wonderful Christian kinds of curried meats and vegetables, settlement at Khedgaon, a small way- with which were served rice and Inside place on the southern Marata rail- dian bread. There is a special kitchen road, about forty miles from Poona. and cook for guests, who come from all parts of India and other countries. At the main entrance of the large The quiet, loving hospitality impresses compound, a lady whose business it is one. Never for a moment can you to look after the comfort of visitors feel that you are in the way, or a burtook me in charge and showed me to den.

a room about I5 by 12 feet, and fur- Saturday morning is wash day in the settlement and all day relays of nished with two beds, chairs, a table, bright, happy, young girls passed by looking-glass, toilet arrangements, my door going to the wells to wash drinking and bath water. Everything their clothes, hair, and to bathe. simple and inexpensive, but all neat Sometimes they were singing merrily and clean. Soon one of the school- as they went tripping along, as full of girls appeared with a tray, on which life and fun as school-girls in the were tea and other refreshments, and homeland. My soul was wonderfully then I was left to rest. At meal-time moved as I looked at them and realized the lady who cares for the guests what it meant to them to have been came to conduct me to the dining- rescued and cared for by this handroom, a room with clay floor and plain maiden of the Lord. From the little walls, and about a dozen low seats experience I had in rescue work durarranged around the sides. Each ing famine-time I knew that every guest was furnished with a brass tray, bright, pretty girl that was saved had on which were about half a dozen been "plucked as a brand from the small dishes each holding a teacupful. All were highly polished and shone * From the Woman~.5 Missionars Magazine.

burning," from a life of deep, deep, privilege of praying. Instantly hunblack sin, disgrace and loss of woman- dreds of girls and women were on hood. Think what it must mean to their faces before God, most of them have rAOO girls under your care, to be praying aloud, "as the sound of many a mother to them. Oh, the riches of waters." When they finished their pethe grace of God, that can enable one titions, one by one passed out of the of India's daughters to reach out and building. It .was almost an hour besave so many of her own country- fore the last one arose from her place. women! In the afternoon there were Sabbath The Widows' Church schools all over the vast grounds. The one I attended was conducted by one The grandest sight I have ever seen of the teachers trained in the school. in India is not the Taj at Agra, altho The work was well organized, with that is beautiful beyond description, nineteen classes, and the lesson was but the congregation at Mukti. well taught and earnestly listened to. In the evening there were C. E. meet- The church building is a plain sub- ings. stantial brick building in the shape of the Maltese cross, so arranged that I remained in Mukti four days, and all can see the speaker. At the ring- during that time, day or night, the ing of the bell the matrons, to the sound of prayer never ceased. There number of forty, arrange their girls in seemed to be a prayer-meeting somelines and march them into the church. where all the time. Often two or I was anxious to see how such a large three women or girls could be seen in number of girls and women would be some quiet place pouring out their cared for without confusion. Quietly hearts to God. and reverently they came, and took their places on the floor, first the ma- On Sabbath evening I had the privtrons, then the widows, then the res- ilege of spending an hour with Ramacued women, and then the families, bai. As we walked arm in arm in with no more noise than that of their the garden in front of her room she soft footsteps on the bare floors-r ,700 spoke of the wonderful things God people in the usual church services. It had done for her and the children. was a sight never to be forgotten. She said: "I do not keep any bank ac- count, but trust day by day for all we Just as the services were about to need." The question was asked: begin, Pandita Ramabai and her "Have you ever lacked ?" She replied: daughter came in at a side door and "Never for food, One time there was took their places on the floor near me. not enough provisions in the store- The Pandita was drest in a plain white r00111 for the next cla', but before we sheet, about ten yards long, draped needed it fooel came.- I have had to around her body and up over one shoul- wait sometimes for money to build, but der. She wore a short white jacket, I make it a rule not to go in debt for but no ornaments of any kind. Since anything, but go on praying until that the day, long years ago, when her hus- or something better comes. I have band died she has worn nothing else. lots of good friends in your country She is not a beautiful woman as far and I like America very much." as natural beauty goes, but has a strong, good face. She seems to say One of the glimpses" I had of the you can trust me, for I love you and home life at Mukti was to see Raonly seek to serve and help you. mabai with her little ones around her, each one trying tJ get a little closer The services were conducted by to her. One tiny wee thing climbed Miss Abrams, a deaconess of the up into her lap and was rubbing her American M. E. Church, who has face. Her room is always open to her been working in Mukti for years. girls and evidently the babies know There was a Bible talk, strong and they are loved and petted. simple, and then all were given the Her own room is even more plainly

19°9] A VISIT TO RAMABAI'S H01fE AT

furnished than the ones set apart for master-hand could organize and carry visitors. Both she and her daughter forward such a work. . live the simple life. I was told that there was a time when Manorama was A Mukti Prayer-meeting fond of wearing pretty things, and that she had bright silk saries and silk Dr. Maria White describes her visit jackets, but she gave herself to God to a prayer-meeting as follows: in a deeper, fuller consecration, and since then she will not wear a sarie Ramabai decided to regulate the that costs more than $I.50. hours of prayer by dividing the girls into two divisions of 750 each, meet- On ~londay morning I visited the ing once daily for two hours and a different departments of the industrial half each, one section taking their work. There were long rows of food while the others were at prayer. looms, where the girls weave the She asked me if I would join the 700 saries they wear. I counted seventy- at prayer, and, hastily arranging my five in one. In another department toilet, we crossed the narrow strip of the girls and women were working at yard to the chapel door. As I drew embroidery and drawn work. near and listened to the confusion of voices my soul shrank within me, and Many are in the printing-room. In placing my hands to my ears I said, those days Ramabai was spending "I can not, I can not stand that many hours there overseeing the print- noise; I can not enter that building," ing of a reference Bible in one of the and stopt helplessly on the top step by languages taught in the school. the door.

There is a large dairy and a gar- Lifting up my heart in prayer to den. The overseer of which is a God that He might take me into His woman who does fine work. All the own keeping we stept into the room, work of the settlement is done by the and scarcely had my foot crossed the people living there. threshold when a sweet peace, such as I never had before known, came over Each group of girls have their own me, and in the midst of that suppli- kitchen arrangements, and according cating multitude I sat alone with my to the custom of the poorer classes of heart, alone with my Savior; never in people in South India they sleep on the early morning hour or nightly still- the ground. Each one has a bit of ness was I more alone with God than matting, a piece of cotton carpet and in that room where 700 voices were a blanket or some other covering. lifted up in prayer; some, like David, could say, with hands outstretched, Ramabai's work is not confined to "we wept" ; others seemed writhing in orphans and widows; there is a Ref- the intensity of their petitions, till their uge Home with over 300 women who hair would fall about their shoulders; have come to her from lives of sin others were lifting up their voices in and many of these have found Christ, praise and thanksgiving; but each one the friend of sinners. in that room was alone with God, un- disturbed by anyone else. It was a For the last few years there have sight, once seen, never to be forgotbeen praying-bands going from Mukti ten, an experience for which through to the villages to carry the Gospel to life I shall praise God. During the the perishing, or to help in the revival- days following, as I passed from buildmeetings in other mission stations. ing to building any hour of the day or Many requests for prayer are sent night, I could hear from the rooms there, and the ministry of intercession voices offering that memorable petigoes on continually. tion, "Hear me, blessed Jesus, hear me." Altho there are a number of English and American ladies who help in the work, yet the burden rests upon Pandita, and one feels that none but a

* CHIEF LEFT-HAND'S

THE FAMOUS CHIEF OF THE ARAPAHOES TELLS HIS STORY THROUGH AN INTERPRETER-HIS CONVERSION MEANS MUCH FOR HIS TRIBE-A CHARACTERISTIC .. TALK ..

I motions over them arid use the herbs I was born in "No Man's Land," that they found on the prairie, and west of Fort Supply, as the Indians were returning in the early spring restore some to life. It was on war- from the Rocky .Mountains. (This was doubtless in what is now known path that I learned to use the herbs as Beaver County, or the Pan Handle that the Indian doctors use, and now t of Oklahoma.) am sixty-nine years I have great respect for them. It was old this spring. I was raised by my grandparents from the time I was old my aim all the time that my name enough to remember. I can just remember my mother. My father died should become great among my people. when he was on a buffalo hunt. He had heart trouble. My mother died I had a brave heart. I was always near the city of Denver, Col. looking for the enemy or for mischief I learned to go on the war-path from my grandparents. When a boy of some sort. In this way my time I can remember my people, the Arapahoes, coming back from their wars was taken up. with the Utes and Pawnees with scalps of these Indians. I learned that the I heard that when God had made chief was the one who took most of these scalps. As I grew older all of the world He had put a sacred pipe my time was taken up on the warpath. Finally, I got to scalping and among the Arapahoe Indians, and murdering just as the other Indians did. When at the age of twenty-three they still have a great respect for this or twenty-four, I became quite a public man among the Southern Ara- pipe. This is the reason why the Inpahoes. I was thought of as a brave man because I killed men. At that dians put this pipe foremost in all time I became quite a leader, and when I would announce that I was going their councils. Their regard for this on the war-path many would join in with me, and when I came home the pipe is similar to the Christian's reold men would offer s~.crifices because their war party had gotten the victory, gard for the Bible. In this sacred or thanks to the Vhite ~lan Above. – pipe there is a grain of corn, a duck I do not know how my people got the name "White Man Above." feather and a turtle. There is a tradi- In the many battles some of the In- tion among the Indians that at the dians were badly wounded and bled, and the Indian doctors would make time of the flood the turtle and the duck went down to the bottom of the water and brought up a little of the ground, and that ground was what formed this country. This is the reason the Indians all respect this pipe and smoke it in their councils and gatherings. All the Indian people, by believing in this sacred pipe, see in their imagination a way of getting over sicknesses. Thev have also their dances. • At the time I was married and set- tled down I had never seen a white man, but was about forty years of age before I saw one. About this time I began to see a few white men, who came and began to make settlements in the Western country. One day, after I had seen a white man, there * From the Baptist Home Missionary Monthly. l'Iissionary F. L. King, who labored seven years before the first Arapahoe confest Christ, said: "This talk was made on :March 2, 19.07, at Left~Han~'s house, with Jesse Bent as interpreter. For a number of weeks I have been wantIng to get a bnef history of this man's life, and have asked him to tell it now as he is a Christian. He does not hesitate to do so, especially as I tell him that a number of Christian people are anxious to hear of his life, and that it is really work for Jesus. I took a little food lest they might be short, and Left-Hand as well as any other man talks better if he has eaten first.

"There were present at this little meeting at the house Black-Man, Earnest-Left-Hand, Lone-Man, Black-Bear, Bald Head, and possib1y one or two other men. was great excitement in the camp. and not fight any more. The Presi- Chief White-Buffalo had been killed. dent gave me a new way of living and Whisky had been introduced into the a new road. While we were at the camp by this white man, and one of vVhite House a delegation of Utes the Indians had gotten drunk and had came, and the President asked me to killed this chief. From this time on shake hands with these men and be the Indians have been learning bad at peace with all" tribes in the United ways from the white men, and the In- States. Then we shook hands. The dians have been killing each other. President told me that there would After this I saw the soldiers, and be no more fighting, but that he would there were a great many disputes with give the Indians farming implements, the Government about the land. As and that there would be schools es- soon as the white man saw the land tablished for their children.

and the Indians roaming about, they So Grant told me, when I started were just like drunken men, and home, to urge the children to enter grabbed it from us. After I saw the the school, and that he himself would soldiers I left my enemies, the Utes and send corn and implements to farm the Pawnees, and led in the troubles with. The Government established a with the' soldiers. After the first bat- temporary school at Darlington in war tle with the soldiers I studied their tents in an early day of the Agency.

way of fighting. They came in a From the time that I returned home body, and were so much stronger than from Washington to my own people the Indians that after a few battles I I had one thought in mind, and that did not care to fight with them. From was to do as the President had told that time these Arapahoes were driven me in the matter of schools and farm- from one place to another. The trouble ing, that the children might be at the always started with the soldiers. My front. On this trip I saw many white name kept getting bigger all the time people in the East-many more there among my people. than in the vVest- and I began to In 1868 occurred the last battle look to the future of the young In- with the soldiers. This was the dians. At first the Indians were back- Black Kettle Massacre, near Fort ward, but now they are willing to put Supply. At this time three chiefs- the children into school. I used to Yellow-Bear, Little-Shield and Bird- know many chiefs among the different Chief-surrendered and made a treaty tribes. l1aybe they are all dead now.

with the Government. Then the en- There is only one living among the tire tribe was taken to Fort Supply Arapahoes, and that is myself. The and was taken care of. These three promise that I made to General Grant chiefs recommended Left-Hand as one I have kept to this day.

who was to be the Arapahoe chief, Then I began to hear more about living at pe::tce with the Government. God. Vhen I heard of this new reli- The Indians were then removed to gion I felt the same as I used to when Darlington in 1869. The agency at I went with war parties. The Messiah Darlington was established in 1872. religion was introduced, because their The first agent was Agent Darlington, minds are continually on these things.

a very old man. They dream of these things. Mr.

The President of the United States Hamilton came to me one time and wanted the Indians to send a delega- talked a little against the ghost-dance tion to Washington. Accorclingly, religion. I continued to urge my peo- Left-Hand, Yellow-Horse, Heap-of- ple in this religion, because God made Bears, White-Crow, Crow-Horse, Big– all things, and I was anxious to help Mouth, and John Parse! went. This my people. As Mr. Hamilton had a was during General Grant's adminis- feeling against this religion, I wanted tration. I talked with Grant, and him to go to the Cheyennes.

Grant told me to lay down my arms I did not know much about the mis-

sionaries then, and did not know that move the flag until all the Indians God was so powerful as to work had come to Christ. After that the through them. I thought they would Spirit came to my heart. get mad, as most men do, but saw that they did not. Then I began to come And since then I have a different to the chapel. Then I was 110t yet feeling altogether. That dark streak total!y blind, but could still see the (supposedly his former life) made missionary as he read from the Bible. me think. After the Spirit came to my life I thought of my enemies and Nhen these Arapahoes were bap- of my bad ways. And I thought that tized I hoped they would be strong as I was an old man, it would be best Christians, and not allow little things to change my life before I died. I to switch them off. In making a pub- was very doubtful at first whether lic speech I told them to be strong Christ would take all the evil away. Christians, and not pay attention to When I began to think of the hea~­ the small things. enly, spiritual life, where there is no sickness or blindness, but where all I dreamed about the church and is good, then I said that I was going this Christian religion. In this dream to try to be a strong Christian. If I saw the old times, when the Indians a man slaps me on the face and I don't were in a savage state. It seemed get mad, then I think I will be a as tho I was outside of the church strong Christian. If anyone tries to and the rest were inside, and they get me away from my Christian life would not admit me. The mission- I will try to resist them. I won't ary came to the church. The Chris- promise that I can resist them, but tians were going to pray to God to will try. That is the way I feel take away all sickness and evil. The about it. Christian~ went into the church. The others all stood where they were, and When I went into the gospel tent could not move. The minister said and heard the missionary tell how that he was going to search for the Jesus was slapped on th~ face and root of all sickness, and put it away, spit upon, it made me cry in my heart, so that the end of the world would and so I decided to come right at come sooner. once. I had decided before this time to start in the Jesus road at some time, When I awoke I thought that be- but this incident in Christ's life caused cause I was not a Christian they would me to start at once. not let me into the church. During the big camp meeting last January 1 There is only one God, who made made a speech every morning, en- us, and He made me to talk Arapahoe. couraging the Indians to have a good feeling toward each other and to at- My feelings every day are good. tend the meetings. (When Left- Hand referred to these meetings, in II which he came out as a Christian, he was deeply moved, and prayed often Following is the speech made by as he talked, only a very little of Left-Hand at the time of his conwhich was interpreted.) Again I was verSlOn: all alone. (This seems as a vision to him.) Heaven seemed to be opened, "Why do you wait? It is just like and I saw and could read in it a holding me back. I tell you what I black streak, but did not want to look know. I live the same life you live. at that, but looked at the book (Bible). (He means the unsaved life. ) I wish It seemed as if the end of the world many would listen and take the 'Jesus had come. The minister present had Road.' I am an old man. I tell you a flag, and when he moved the flag straight. Since I came into the tent the end of the world was to come. God's Spirit came into my heart. And then I urged the minister not to What the missionaries said to-night is all true. The missionaries and Chris- tian Indians are saved from sin. But

MISSION WORK IN ABYSSINIA

because the sinners are unsaved I have tians always cut me short. These been urging them that much harder missionaries love the Heavenly Father to come to these l11eetings. I called and love us. That is why they bring out in the camp and told the people the good news. Just as I am blind about the meetings and urged them to in my eyes, so I have been blind in my come. I can see in my heart a book heart. I am going to give myself to (he means the Bible). In it is a Jesus in old age. When I give mylight. vVhere I am with the non- self to Jesus I want to follow the good Christians it is dark. My heart is road and be happy all the time. When anxious for the light. Our Father I step into this Jesus Road I will alin heaven, I think, is using me in talk- ways hold on. I urge you to come being to you. The Spirit is in my heart. cause I love you. God's great power is 'Yhat the missionary said is true, you working through me. I have children, all know . You (the non-Christians) many who died while young. No are in my way. The sooner you give doubt Jesus took them. For myself, yourself to Jesus the sooner I go the I lived a wicked life. But if I give same way. I feel that I have been myself to Him He will take all these dragging something heavy. things away from my heart."

"I am going to give up soon and do This speech was made at the close as I feel. Because I love my people of a sermon preached by Rev. H. H. I urge them to come to this good road. Clouse, while the Indians were en- When the ghost-dance religion came camped in Left-Hand's timber during and I was about ready to embrace it, their January camp meeting, 1907, then it stopt. This Christian religion and is only a specimen of the many won't stop. When I talk about this talks he made during that seven-day Christian religion then you non-Chris- meeting.

SWEDISH MISSION WORK IN ABYSSINIA * The national church of Sweden has publishing a reading-book in the Ama mission in Eritrea, the Italian colony bara language, as there is a great dewhich borders on Abyssinia. Access sire to learn among these people. An to this country is by the Red Sea. The edition of 4,000 copies is just off the chief station is about 7,000 feet above press, and we have sent out an edition sea level, and the roads and scenery of 3,000 copies of a Bible history, and remind one of Switzerland. 1,000 'Songs of Peace.'''

"It would delight our friends at A former helper, Mangesca, has home," writes the manager of the Mis- just come back from Adis-Abeba, the sion Press, "to see the many purchas- capital city of Abyssinia. He had ers who come here, and to note the much of interest to relate from the ingreat packages of books that are terior, for he has interested King Menshipped into the interior, where mis- elik in printing, and has received sionaries are not allowed to go. The money to go to Europe and buy mabook-market is lively, and the desire terial. Abyssinia begins to awaken, to read increases. A former Abyssinian and a press will have great signifipriest, now one of our members, said cance for the future of its millions. yesterday that he had ten learners in Evil or inferior books will perhaps be his village; but as they had only two printed as well as good, but as long books suitable for beginners, there was as Mangesca is in charge there is no always fighting and grumbling as to danger. He is a man of strong will who should use them. Weare now and clear judgment, and able to dis- '* Translated by Ernest Gordon, from Fosterlandet~s Missions-Tidning.

tinguish between good and bad litera- after which all assembled, including ture. the head man's father confessor, and began to talk about religious things. Yesterday, according to the Abys- They had heard much evil about us, sinian calendar, was the Virgin Mary's chiefly that we were Mary-haters and day, and in company with the local despisers of the saints, and that we governor we went to church. The never fasted. Mariolatry and fasting building was as tumbled down as the constitute the chief element of Abys- Abyssinian religion itself, but con- sinian Christianity. With some care tained some attractive wall-paintings- we explained to their satisfaction the some from Gospel history, others de- differences in our creeds, and then picting struggles between saints and passed on to that which we had in dragons, and others of fights between common-God's word, the way of sal- Abyssinians and their enemies. Only vation and faith in Christ. The chief a few were present, bowing and kiss- was greatly interested, asked quesing cross and church walls, acts which tions, and sought his father confessseem to be the chief content of Abys- or's opinion of the discussion. He, sinian religion. About a dozen priests however, had little to say, knowing litwith a few deacons worked vigorously tle of the matter. Another priest tried at drum-beating and singing hymns to to defend the tenets of the Coptic faith the accompaniment of cymbals, which with citations from sacred legends. they beat by the hour. The singing When we broke up late in the night was in Ethiopian, and during the one priest said, "You are right; we pauses they read, in monotonous sing- never heard such things before"; and song tones, bits of legend or parts of the chief added: "What you tell us the Bible in the same language-a lan- goes to my heart. You are indeed guage as unintelligible to the people God-taught." as a Latin service is to the Irish. A young girl's clothing recently Recently the country here was vis- caught fire and she was seriously ited by great armies of grasshoppers. burned. Her parents were at a funer- The natives rushed out-of-doors to al not far away, and before they arrescue what they could of their crops, rived the well-meaning neighbors had but it was of little use. The corn already smeared the wounds with the quickly disappeared and the great usual specific for such cases-fresh green cypress-trees were so covered as cow-dung mixed with finely chopped to be also wholly darkened. Later leaves-and that this horrible salve fresh hordes appeared, and swarmed might dry well, they held the patient over the valley where the grain was close to the fire. Of course such treatripening. ment makes it vastly more difficult to cleanse the wounds. The mother The people were greatly disheart- urged them to bring the girl to the ened and said: "It's our priests' mission hospital; but the father said, fault. They are lazy, and do not sing "No; she is going to die, and it is enough in the church or burn enough best that she die at home." incense." So for two days and nights she lay One village we have visited was in great agony, the mother weeping famous for its robbers and warriors. over her. The next morning, how- The head man related much of his and ever, she insisted on carrying her to his father's exploits. These villages us. The girl was in a high fever, and are situated generally in inaccessible such a large surface of her body was places because of constant feuds and burned that no one thought she could the general insecurity. This increases survive. Now, however, after two in a high degree the work which the months, she is running about happy poor women have to perform in bring- and cheerful. ing home wood and water. Another patient is a deacon in the We were received most cordially and served with a sumptuous meal,

Abyssinian Church, who became ill was forced out of office as being too and went to the native doctor, who liberal. The monks of the Poczejewer declared that he had a snake inside of Lawra busy themselves with sending him and should eat dirt. The youth anti-Semite circulars to the peasants.

followed the prescription, and con- They urge them to summon meetings sumed an incredible amount of earth. to decree expulsion of Jews from the Naturally he grew worse, and finally villages. According to the law, peas- gave up hope of getting well. Like ants have the right to demand this if many other Abyssinians in a similar an individual is deemed dangerous by condition, he made the church his hope the community. By pulpit utterance and lay outside of it night and day. and appeals to the cross and to icons, Women who think to make merit bring the peasants are constantly spurred on to these sick people food and drink. to persecution.

They bear water from the river, and On this black background of bigotry after it has been blest by the priests, stands out the form of a good true and is supposed to possess health-re- man – Father Gregori Petrow, in storing qualities, the sick bathe with it whose attractive personality lives the every morning. ripe spirit of the true and early Chris- Finally, the sufferer learned of our tian consciousness. The dark traits of hospital and came there. He still in- the Russian revolutionary spirit and sisted that the snake was in his body the naivete of Tolstoism are not want- -"I can feel him now in one leg and ing in the make-up of this dreamer of now in the other, and sometimes he a freer time. He opposes violence and crawls right up into my throat." the self-interest of individuals, and After some time with us, he began thereby draws down on himself the to improve and abandoned his belief hate and persecutions of the officials.

in the snake's presence. He was He has already served one sentence of greatly astonished when he saw a exile and has manv times been sum- book which we told him was God's moned before the synod, where he has W orId, for he never supposed it could always spoken truly and pointedly.

be printed in any language save in the The magic of his personality has pro- holy Ethiopian tongue. He read zeal- tected him.

ously to find out the contents, and said He has just published a book about finally, "This must be translated into the Jews, in which he castigates the Ethiopian; it seems as good as our clergy for their wild hatred of the books." "chosen people." He rebuts the Growing Toleration statements made against them, and lays bare the real reasons for the boil- The toleration edict of a few years ing revolutionary spirit which threat- ago allowed members of the Coptic ens all things. He denounces the Church to become Protestants, and did Pogroms, those beast-like outbreaks away with the old inquisitorial punish- of an alleged national spirit among ments and draconic laws. But the the Black Hundreds-"Shame on you; Church. has proved too strong for the see what you are making of the Rus- law, and the latter has been so qualified sian people." And then he goes on to that its original value is almost lost. urge complete equality for Jew and The Holy Synod is now mightier Russian before the law.

than the government and puts mod- Therefore Petrow is considered a erate men in tht' background. An- heretic, an apostate, and the officials tonji, the gray metropolitan of Peters- are preparing for him a lonely cell in burg, "whose lips prayer never left," a cloister up there on the White Sea.

EDITORIALS

A RELIGIOUS INFIRMARY Christian community certainly need A recent writer, Mr. Boyle, says that their teachers and spiritual advisers one time walking through an infirm- with them, and nothing could be worse ary, a doctor, who was his guide, kept than a large withdrawal of the miswhispering to him, giving him the ail- sionary force at present. ments of the various parties in the "The extreme poverty of the Chrisinstitution, such as anemic condition, tians of India is one of those things creeping paralysis, nervous dyspepsia, to which we never seem to become accustomed. Like the diseases and locomotor ataxia. discomforts of the Hindu, the filth in When he came out he said: which the poorer classes live, and the "I have known a church with all indescribable odors of a native town, the poverty of the poorest class never those people in it. It took six hundred ceases to impress the Westerner. In members a whole year of fifty-two the bazaar, prices and the qualities of weeks to bring eleven souls to a confession of Christ. The prayer-meet- the various commodities sold are reg- ulated with reference to that poverty." ing was suffering from creeping paralysis. Four-fifths of the men seemed A country containing a population to be suffering from locomotor ataxia four times as large as that of the of the soul." United States, and less than 1,000,000 SHOULD MISSIONARIES WITHDRAW Protestant Christians-most of them FROM INDIA poor and uneducated-can scarcely be The Baptist Missionary Review of expected to eval1gelize itself.

India asks this. question and answers A NEW TESTIMONY it in the negative. Those who affirm that the time has come do not Prof. Nathaniel Schmidt, of Cornell realize the magnitude or impor- University, and a former Baptist pas- tance of the task of winning India tor, spoke on February 7th in the Au- for Christ. All would be glad if rora Grata Cathedral before the the prospects were more encoura- Brooklyn Society for Ethical Culture.

ging. There are hopeful features, and In the course of his address he those who have been a generation in affirmed that Christianity has been India have seen progress that scarcely the greatest spiritual factor in seemed possible. The better educated the history of the world, and and more intelligent of the native it is certain that the human race Christians are more and more ready is under vast obligation to it. Re- to assume their own burdens and re- ferring to salvation through faith in sponsibilities, but they are still weak the atoning sacrifice of an incarnate in numbers and in ability to direct the God, he declared that no religion has work. ever sung itself into the hearts of men The Review says: "That the work like Christianity. By its sacraments, is advancing, and is rapidly beginning prayers, and hymns, readings and to show what its capabilities are, is homilies, stimulating devotion to the true; but that it has yet reached the ideal and fostering the noblest senti- stage of independence we do not be- ments, it has placed man's earthly ex- lieve. India is in a transitory stage, istence under the aspect of eternity and it would be singular if the spirit and radiated with an immortal hope.

of unrest, so wide-spread at present, It has aroused a deep sense of sin of did not effect our native Christians a personal kind, a deep consciousness more or less. Out of this will doubt- of divine grace engendering humility less come a new spirit of enterprise and gratitude, deep sympathy with which will add greatly to the power the poor and afflicted, the little chil- of the Church; but now the native dren, and establishes fellowship with the departed and abiding faith in the even greater than all the devices of final triumph of righteousness. To infidelity and skepticism. study the history of Christianity fairly and intelligently is to imbibe the ROOSEVELT'S ESTIMATE OF MISstrongest confidence in its abiding worth as contributing to man's grow- SION SCHOOLS ing moral and spiritual consciousness and aspiration for the infinite. In his recent address before a great gathering of Methodists in Washing- A MODERN SPECIMEN OF ton the President said: EVANGELISM "I have always been particularly in- terested in the extraordinary work Twenty years ago, Dr. L. W. M un- done by the American schools and colhall was in San Francisco, conducting leges in the Turkish Empire, both an evangelistic campaign. On a Sun- Turkey in Europe and Turkey in Asia; day afternoon he concluded to go a work which has borne such wonderdown and hear Dennis Kearney, who ful fruit among the Bulgarians, among was at that time haranguing the Syrian and Armenian Christians, and crowds in the parks, sowing the seeds also among Mohammedans; and this, of anarchism. Dr. Munhall listened altho among the Mohammedans there awhile to his blasphemy until his own has been no effort to convert them, soul was burdened, and he felt he simply an effort to make them good must do something to antidote such citizens, to make them vie with their teaching. fellow citizens who are Christians in showing those qualities which it should He looked about for some opportu- be the pride of every creed to develop. nity or place where he could start a And the present movement to introrevival-meeting on the grounds. A duce far-reaching and genuine relittle way down the street he had no- forms, political and social, in Turkey, ticed a dry-goods box. Going back, an effort with which we all keenly he found a policeman standing near it, sympathize, is one in which these and he said: "Look here, officer; I am young Moslems, educated at the a Methodist preacher, and I want to American schools and colleges, are preach the Gospel. May I take this especially fitted to take part." box to stand on, if I bring it back when I am through?" "Sure," said A NOBLE CHRISTIAN WORKER the policeman, "go ahead." On the 7th of January there passed .. So I put the box against the fence away in London a remarkable woman, so as to be protected in the rear. Mrs. Letitia Mathieson, wife of James About a hundred yards away there E. Mathieson, Esq., formerly superinwas Kearney, talking to the crowd. I tendent of Mildmay Missions. have always had a good voice and could generally command a hearing, After a very close friendship with so I called out, 'Come over here, men; Mr. and Mrs. Mathieson for more I have something for you that you than twenty years, we are prepared have never heard, and which is worth to say that no woman of our acquainthearing.' In five minutes I had every ance outranked her in all that constiman of them where I was standing, tutes a cultured, unselfish, and consistand even Dennis Kearney himself ent Christian. What was especially came over. I plunged into the midst noticeable was her habitual self-forof the Gospel message, and had every getfulness. Even in advanced age, she man interested and hearing for forty- was still giving herself for others. five minutes. Never had I better at- Her home was a tarrying-place for tention anywhere." missionaries from all lands for days and weeks and even months at a time. The Word of God will be heard if Notwithstanding natural modesty, her we tell it in faith, and it is a power voice was used to advocate good

causes and to encourage Christian selves seen others grow to their great workers, while her pen conducted, to stature and mount to their thrones of the last, an immense correspondence power; and we have seen many of with missionaries. Her adornment them pass from toil to reward, at the was that meek and quiet spirit which commanding signal of Him before is declared to be in the sight of God whose resistless decree kings drop of great price. Acquaintance with her their scepter and turn to dust. Some of reminded one of the infidel Boling- these giants yet tread the earth and broke's remark, that to have "stayed make the continents tremble. The for two hours in Fenelon's company priests of idol fanes stand in awe of would have compelled him to be a them, and even the god of this world Christian." knows his time is short, as he sees them, like their great Master, working Mrs. Mathieson was a fine example the works of God, and is compelled to of the woman whose kingdom came confess that their word is with power. without observation, and who, without violating the most maidenly manner, History is the most instructive and exercised an immense influence for suggestive of all studies, for it opens good. The visitations of her pen and to us the world of fact; and biogthe wider visitations of her prayers raphy is the key of history, for it recovered a large portion of the mission- veals the personal factors in the probary field, and her loss is one that can lem, portraying before us the lives of not easily be repaired. "Favor is de- men, teaching philosophy by examceitful and beauty is vain; but the ples. The analysis of character helps woman that feareth the Lord, she us to detect and discern both the shall be praised." essential elements of success and the palpable causes of failure. Virtue and USEFUL STUDIES vice impress us most in concrete forms, not in abstract statements; and hence "There were giants in those days" the best of all books is only a golden is the brief record of the age before casket in which is guarded, as the the flood. Every age has had its giants, pearl of great price, the story of the not in physical stature only, but in the One Perfect Life. nobler sense of mental and moral might, capacity to command and con- Of the standard biographies we trol. But, even in most favored times, have already named a few of the foresuch are but few, for God is not most, but where shall we stop? These lavish of such gifts; and it has always stories possess all the charm of the been the few whose words shake the most fascinating fiction while they world, whose deeds move and mold carryall the weight of the most signifthe many, and to whom it is given icant fact. And not to know the to shape human history and destiny. story of such lives is to be ignorant Carlyle suggests that history is but indeed. Dr. Campbell Morgan, in the lengthened shadows of the world's London, has instituted a monthly misgreat men; may we not better say the sionary lecture in his great chapel and lingering twilight which prolongs their gives his best powers to set forth the influence and perpetuates their mem- heroism of these great characters, and ory, when their sun has set below the the place is thronged. Why do not horizon? pastors and Sunday-school superin- tendents utilize these records of mod- The modern missionary age has ern giants? given birth to not a few of God's race of giants, and so mighty have been Donations Received their "labors" and so gigantic their doings and achievements that it would No. 370 Sidon Mission, Syria …•……… $2.00 seem as tho they had made the age, No. 371 Industrial Mission, India……… 5.00 and not the age, them. If some of them No. 372 German Orient Mission, Persia …. 20.00 were before our day, we have our- No. 373 Industrial Mission, India •.•..•..• 15.00

MISSIONARY

Corrections-Church Statistics of the largest native states for thirty- three years, and have had the superin- A typographical error in the March tendence of schools and other mission number of THE M1SSION.RY REVIEW work in two of them as well as in Britmade it appear that the communicants ish territory. Never have I heard a of the various religious bodies had de- preference for native rule exprest by the creased fifty per cent. in the United common people. The common term for States last year, whereas most of the one of the largest native states is Modenominations showed an increase. galai. This has come to be a synonym The column on page 224, headed for misrule. It makes a native in British "Communicants in 1909," should have territory indignant to have the term read "Communicants in 1890," so that Mogalai applied to his town. Men who these Christian sects have nearly own farms in native states and in Britdoubled in the past eighteen years. ish territory have told me that the taxes are about the same in both places, nom- An error in the statistics of mis- inally, but actually more has to be paid sions in the Turkish Empire (facing in native states. Also that in times of page 178) made it appear that only distress, like famine, the taxes in British one of the ten men of the Reformed territory are sometimes re·mitted, while Presbyterian Mission is married, in native states they are not. A statewhereas there is only one "silly enough ment was recently published in a firstto be there without a wife," as our class American paper that the taxes of corrector remarks. There are there- the British Government in India are fifty fore eight additional women workers per cent. of the values produced. The taxes are eight times as great in Rusin Turkey. sia as in India, twenty times in Eng- In the same article the picture by land, and twenty-five times in France.

Dr. Dwight (page 169), should have A New Departure in Education been labeled "Dr. Barnum and his assistant translators in the Bible House, The government of Mysore, in Constantinople." Dr. Bowen repre- South India, is trying an experiment sents the American Bible Society and in educational affairs. Convinced that Dr. Barnum the American Board in its a purely secular education is essen- tially defective, it has been ordered literary work. that the first half hour of each morning shall be given to moral INDIA and religious instruction in all gov- ernment schools and colleges. Three British Rule in India days of each week the instruction will be moral, and will be common to pupils Rev. L. S. Gates, a missionary now of all religions. The teaching two in this country, says: days of each week is to be specifically religious according to the religious There are about 250 native states in books of the pupils, whether Hindu, India, covering nearly one-third of the Mohammedan, or Christian. With all whole country. They are to a great ex- except Hindu students, attendance tent independent of the British Govern- upon religious instruction is optional, ment. Some of them coin their own and it is onlv when the Mohammedan money. Most of these states afe like or Christian~ students number twenty islands, surrounded by British territory. or more that the government makes In most of them the people, language, arrangements for instruction in their soil, and conditions of life are the same as in British territory adjoining. There own religion. Where there are less is constant emigration from native to than twenty pupils arrangements are British territory. The population per made for religious instruction by prisquare mile in British territory, accord- vate parties, and the government will ing to the last census, is 213, while it provide every facility.-World-Wide is only 92 per square mile in native Missions. states. In the decade, 1891-1901, the population in British territory increased eleven millions, and decreased in native states during that time four millions.

I have lived near the border of one

Great Gains in II Methodist Conference How to Reach Moslems Bishop F. W. Warne writes: L. M. Breed, a missionary physician in South India, writes as follows: The most encouraging feature of the Bengal Conference is the mass move- Canon Goldsmith, a Church Missionment that has begun among the Chamars, ary Society missionary, who lives outin the Tirhoot district. About two years side the walls of Hyderabad City and ago I sent a request for prayers to who has done more for Mohammedans America and to the praying bands of than anyone else in India, says that the Wales revival, asking prayers espe- he considers a public library and readcially for work among the Chamars. At ing-room a necessary means of reachthat time converts had been few, but ing Mohammedan men. I feel equally since then in the Muzaffarpur district, sure that medical work is the only way in the Meerut district, in the Roorkee of reaching the women, and thus indidistrict, and in other places there have rectly the entire household, for their been such beginnings of mass move- physical sufferings are great, and they ments that now the Chamar converts ex- would far rather die than to receive aid ceed 10,000. Tho our work is compara- from men. They need more women tively new and young in the Tirhoot dis- physicians, well equipped women of trict, Dr. Denning writes, "We have broad sympathies and patience, to go 1,400 converts in the Ballia circuit and into these harems and lead these women in the Arrah circuit 499, nearly all among out to greater desires and possibilities. the Chamars. There are 900,000 Cha- They have possibilities; they are beautimars in my district." There are 600,000 ful types of women, dwarfed in their dein the Meerut district, and almost 400,- velopment, leading useless, degraded 000 in the Raipur district, and in all lives, instead of strong, useful ones. these great centers there are the beginnings of mass movements. Marriage of a High.cade Widow A Great Moslem University A significant marriage. between On a recent occasion, says the Bom- high-caste Hindus is reported by a bay Guardian, a proposal which has correspondent of the Sunday-School been long in the minds of the Moham- Chrollicle: medan leaders, to establish a Moslem university, with provincial colleges, Very recently in Calcutta Babu Brojiwas eloquently and practically dealt dranath Kanjilal was married to the widwith by Mr. Syed Ali Iman, and owed daughter of the Hon. Mr. Justice evoked the utmost enthusiasm. Fifty Ashutosh Mukerji. This may appear a thousand rupees were subscribed on very commonplace item of news. From the spot, besides 8,000 rupees of an- a Hindu view-point it is revolutionary. nual grants. Mr. Sadiq Ali, Minister The bride was married at ten years of of Kharpur, gave II,OOO besides 1,000 age and widowed after six months. Cusannual grant. The Nawab of Dacca tom commands that she shall wear sackendowed the University Fund with cloth and ashes to the day of her death. 40,000 rupees' worth of property. Her father, an enlightened but orthodox The assembly rose to the full idea of Hindu, has dared to help create a new a university after their own hearts, custom, thus making it easier for other with religious instruction in its proper Hindus less influential than he to do the place. The same day the Female Ed- same sensible thing. The young lady ucation section of the league, under was but thirteen years of age at the time the able guidance of the secretary, of her second marriage. Sheik Abdulla, held a remarkable session. Maulvi Shible, the Oriental Caste Among Christians scholar, delivered a discourse on women's status in Islam, and showed their Persons who know little of India equality of right and opportunity from frequently suggest that the time has a religious standpoint. There was re- come when the European missionaries markable and gratifying agreement of might retire from South India, where sense and sentiment on this important the number of Christians is so large, subject. and leave the work in the hands of the Indian clergy. A few sentences in a report received from the Rev. J. A.

Sharrock, superintending missionary in the Trichi.nopoly district, shows the difficulty of adopting this suggestion. Referring to Annamangalam, he says: The saddest story of all is in connec-

MISSIONARY

tion with this pastorate. At the end of fitted for the field to which he has 1907 the bishop sent us a deacon of pariah extraction, and the people refused been appointed, and we pray for his to receive him on caste grounds. The congregations dropt from an average of greatest success. 60 to 16, and only two on one occasion and one on another would receive the CHINA cup at his hands during the celebration. The bishop has now ordered that the cel- CI-lnese Native Preachers ebration of the holy communion should be discontinued. Mr. Acharyam can get Rev. H. F. Rowe writes in W orld- no one to cook for him, to wash his W ide Missions: clothes or shave him. These are the usual Hindu methods of excommunica- For five years out of the first eight tion, and appeal far more forcibly to the years of our life in China I was constant- ordinary native than their rejection from ly among the Chinese preachers and I holy communion. believe I know their life intimately. I distinctly assert that they are a heroic A Sad Lesson in Retrenchment band of Christian gentlemen. They live on small salary and in places where there In 1837, with 187 free schools, con- is absolutely nothing elevating outside of taining 7,000 pupils, 150 students in their few books and the little flock of the seminary, and 98 girls in the faithful ones. All the influences of so- school at Oodooville, Ceylon, and a ciety and life about them are bad, and rising tide of respect and influence all they are very much alone. They travel around, it seemed as though victory on foot or on donkey-back, in the heat was organized. But that year brought and the cold, with none of the comforts. a stunning blow. The failure of the I have found them in season and out funds from America in that time of of season exhorting men to better lives. pecuniary trouble compelled the mis- Sometime there will be written another sion to disband 170 schools, to dismiss eulogy of some of the world's great ones, more than 5,000 children, including a like that found in Heb. 11, and the part of the pupils in the two semi- names of some Chinese preachers will naries, to stop their building, curtail be inscribed in it. their printing, and cut down to the very quick. Their Sabbath congrega- How Chinese Saints Sing tions were nearly broken up, all their activities razed, their spirits discour- In a recent article in the Christian aged, and their hearts almost broken. Endeavor World, C. T. Studd, the It was a time of woo The heathen exulted. Native converts were dis- famous English University student, couraged and led astray. Educated and half-educated youth were snatched now a missionary, writes: away from under the Gospel, and often worse than lost to the cause.- How the Christians sing on Christmas Missiollary Herald. day! Even more than usual, if possi- ble, for they dearly love to sing their Appointment of a Pastor for Rangoon hymns; they never seem to have had enough. But that does not mean they Rev. Arthur Gordon, second son of are Lloyds or Melbas, tho each is an artist in his way, for the men sing falthe late Adoniram Judson Gordon, of setto to a man, and through their noses, Boston, has been appointed by the while the women-well, let charity have American Baptist Missionary Society her perfect work. The gist of the matpastor of the Baptist church in Ran- ter is, they love to sing because they goon, Burma. We can think of no enjoy their religion. It's their one greatappointment more fitly made. Mr. est pleasure, and haven't they paid a Gordon in many respects strongly re- long price for it? That middle-aged man sembles his father in appearance, in with the enormous goggles was a high manners, and especially in unselfish- Yamen official and an opium-smoker. ness of character. He is a man rarely Accepting Christ cost him his lucrative position, but he also lost his opium habit and covetousness, and brought two-thirds of all he possest for the funds of the church, that the Gospel might be sent to other cities also. Look at those women. They reckoned faith without works to be dead; so they unbound their feet for the sake of Christ and Chinese girls, at the cost of their reputation and becoming outcasts, hated, and persecuted by their own people. Newspapers in China Revival Among the Aborigma.l Tribes According to William T. Ellis, who Says China's Millions: speaks from recent ob5ervation: We have received information that The newspapers of China are at once over 70 persons have confest their faith an evidence and an instrument of the in Christ. This is blest news. But it nation's regeneration. They are a fear- is exceeded by further news which has less fighting force for the new day. reached us relative to the same people. They attack the ancient abuses, and set Mr. Adam, who writes concerning the forth the claims of the new order. They situation among the aborigines, says that, portray the nature of the "Western as far as he has ascertained, only 3 out learning," and show its advantages for of the 1,200 baptized in 1906 have re- China. These editors are patriots, and turned to their heathen practises; and their honor will be great in a coming he adds, that each family is giving a day. Already they share with the new free-will offering of grain, which goes schools the distinction of being the most toward the support of three Miao evan- effective public educators. In the lead- gelists, that they were sending 26,000 ing cities of the empire may be found cash to the British and Foreign Bible public reading halls, where the day's Society and 10,000 cash to the West newspaper is read to those who can not China Tract Society, and that their chapread for themselves, and there lectures els are all being built with their own upon modern sciences are given. In money. Peking there is even a comic journal, devoted to progress and reform, which fear- JAPAN AND KOREA lessly caricatures existing evils. In the same city is published a woman's daily, Ce.n Jape.n Spare the Missionaries? which is a powerful factor in bringing about the new order. Mr. W. T. Ellis has recently discust this question in the Outlook. It ap- The New Chinese School Syltem pears that some of the Japanese are saying: A scholarly Englishman says of the new school system of China: The missionaries do not get along well with our people; they do not understand They are trying all of the methods and us; except in rare cases, they do not systems in use from the days of Plato acquire the language well enough to be until the present hour. Even the latest acceptable speakers, after the first curicraze is not ignored. The man more osity concerning them has passed. The accustomed to using Biblical expressions Japanese now prefer to hear their own might compare China to a householder, preachers rather than foreigners. who brought out of his treasures things both old and new. The old and the new But the missionaries say in reply: meet in a way that is both pathetic and ludicrous, as well as inconvenient. We are glad to see the Japanese mov- ing on to self-support; that is our goal. How Isla.m in China Hal Changed We are eager to make ourselves unnec- essary. But the 70,000 native Christians According to the Chinese Recorder, are not yet strong enough to evangelize "China has influenced Islam far more Japan. Most of the churches are still than Islam has influenced China." The dependent upon the missions for assistexamples are given: ance. Some of the congregations re- ported as self-supporting are such sim- 1. The Mohammedans use Chinese ply because they are dead; they have no clothing and wear queues, tho they al- pastors and practically no expenses. Our ways tuck these under their caps during Japanese brethren have not yet learned prayer. . aggressiveness in evangelism; they do not extend their work as the missionaries 2. Their women appear on the streets do, reaching out into the new and unwithout veils. touched places.

3. With the exception of pork, they Zeal of Korean Christians eat Chinese food. A missionary reports the following 4. Their observance of the rules of incident: prayer is most slack. I had a visit the other day from two 5. The percentage of those who make old grandmothers, one from Cho Wangi the trip to Mecca is very small. Church, and the other from the church on Tutoni Island. They said they had 6. Their missionary zeal has been so come in about ten miles, "just to see weakened that Mohammedans from our pastor's face and have you pray for abroad declare "These are not Moham- us," were their words. They had been medans." out on a missionary tour among heathen going to Paris, and openly assisted villages. They went because their hearts the committee of progress. But "for moved them to go, and they paid all their the most part they helped the cause own expenses. Because of their preach- by working quietly at home. They ing, or rather their "individual work for carried letters back and forth hidden individuals," eight heathen women decided under their veils and robes, thus evato burn their idols. Grandmother Choi ding the strict postal surveillance." is seventy-three years old and Grand- When last July the new constitution mother Y i is sixty-seven. I asked these was announced, Moslem women threw two zealous "young-old" soul-winners off their veils; but on finding that this how old they were, and the older one was misunderstood, put them on again answered for both. "I am eight years so as not to excite needless prejudice." old," said grandmother Choi, "and 0:0 subject is discust with more ingrandmother Yi is twelve years of age." terest in Constantinople, says Dr. Pat- This was their age from their birth into rick, than the higher education among the kingdom, they said. They had women, and one of the first acts of traveled in all from village to village, the new government was to give a about 50 miles. They had suffered much legal title to the new site of fifty from lack of food in three places and acres of land for the American Col· their feet were sore from the rubbing lege upon the heights of the Bosof their straw shoes, as both of them phorus. are rather heavy on their feet.-Christian Observer. American B02>l"d Colleges in Turkey Lavish Giving of Time and Money The six American colleges for men and the three for women, all con- Reports from Korea state that some nected with this board, and all facing Korean Christians are living on millet a new urgency and opportunity never and selling their rice in order that before experienced, appeal as they they may give the difference in price have never done before for a worldof these two foods to spread the Gos- wide recognition of the truth that in pel among their own people. At one these Christian institutions of higher of the meetings one of the Christians learning is found the secret of New promised, after giving all the money he Turkey. To the American Christian could, to give 180 days out of the year colleges in the country is due the fact of personal evangelistic work without not only that a revolution of sweeping a cent of pay. At the next meeting proportions has taken place, but that he came and apologized, saying that it has been almost without bloodshed. it took more time than he thought and Accepting this historical statement, we he had only been able to give 169 days must recognize that these institutions to this personal evangelistic work. have even yet a greater work to do Where is the Southern Presbyterian in training the men who will lead layman who will do what this poor wisely and well in all that pertains to Korean Christian has done, and that the new life of the new empire. These when he has just been delivered from institutions must be prepared to prodemon worship by the power of Jesus vide the directing force that will be Christ ?-Christian Observer. demanded for the new educational system already being inaugurated. TURKEY AND PERSIA Forty.seven Years a Medical Missionary Uprising Among Turkish Women The Quarterly of the Edinburgh Dr. Mary Mills Patrick, president Medical Missionary Society for of the American College for Girls in March announces the recent decease of Constantinople, is now in this country Dr. P. K. Vartan. who was educated seeking funds for the erection of under its auspices and since I86r has much-needed buildings; and in a re- been connected with its hospital at cent interview stated that there had Nazareth. Born of Armenian parents, been for years an agitation for political liberty among the women of Turkey. Altho there was a law forbidding any Mohammedan woman leaving the empire, a few had defied it by "he inherited many of the finer fea- areth, when our native pastor was the tures which their long travail has only Christian chosen to address a crowded audience from the pulpit of the wrought into the fiber of that people. chief mosque, and his words were pro- This helps us to understand his keen nounced to be "the most weighty and wise," altho many important Moslems sense of justice, together with the pa- also spoke.

tience, the tenacity, and quiet hopeful- How quickly and unexpectedly God wrought this change! Surely it is in ness of his nature." One who knew answer to the prayers of the faithful. him well writes: "It seems almost as Then what an impetus and encourage- ment to continue praying and working easy to think of Galilee without Tabor hard for that more mighty change in as of Nazareth without Dr. Vartan." the hearts of the people, for which we know the Master himself is waiting and At his burial the coffin was borne expecting, for we little know how soon through the principal streets by men that answer may come.-C. M. S. Gazette.

of all sects and religions, Moslem and Irrigation for Mesopotamia Christian. Dr. A. H. Griffin, of Mosul, near the site of the ancient city of Nine- Fifteen Years in Syria veh, who is now in England, writes: Rev. Goshen EI Howie, Schweir, Ancient prophecy is soon to be ful- filled: Mesopotamia is to be irrigated. Mt. Lebanon, writes: The new government have secured for five years the services of that distin- My wife, two children and myself left guished engineer, Sir William Willcocks, Montreal for the Holy Land, August to whom Egypt owes her new life. Most 9, 1893. In November of the same year people in England do not realize the we arrived in Joppa and found the first probable world-wide importance of this railway ever opened in Syria already forward policy. Mesopotamia may rein working order, and accomplishing the gain its lost fertility; the deserts will journey from Joppa to Jerusalem in four be transformed into gardens; villages, hours, at a cost of a little over a dol- towns, and even cities will spring into lar per head, third class; while prior to existence, and many believe that Baby- 1892 the same journey consumed from lon itself may be rebuilt. The new Bagtwelve to fifteen hours. . dad railway, which will pass through Mosul, will deprive that city of its for- During the fifteen years of our stay mer isolation, and travelers may yet in Syria we have seen Damascus linked wander at will among the ruins of Nineto the Mediterranean by two lines of veh. railway. The earlier of the two terminates in Beirut, north of Sidon, and the In the Boys' School. Teheran second in Haifa, at the foot of Carmel. The Haifa line paS3es through the grain- In the Boys' School at Teheran, growing district of Kauran, crosses the Persia, the brightest and one of the Jordan near the southern shore of the strongest, as well as most advanced, Sea of Galilee, and along the Plain of Moslem boys of the school has re- Jezreel by the river Kishon to the Med- cently said openly that he "believes iterranean; consequently, the grapes at himself to be a Christian." This con- Damascus, which used to sell at home fession is calculated to have a telling for a cent a pound, sell now for three effect upon his fellows. All the Mosor four times that amount, and the fish lem boys of another class have refrom the Sea of Galilee, instead of rot- quested Christian catechism instructing in Tiberias, can be sent to Damas- tion, and the author of this information cus in eighteen hours and be sold there, says that "The results we want are to the decided advantage of the succes- being accomplished these days in the sors of Peter and Andrew and the sons school without much argument." of Zebadee. In Edrei, where the railway passes, a bushel of wheat was wont In the same station, an afternoon to be sold for a dollar; now the price meeting for Moslem women is held is almost doubled, and now I pay from each Wednesday at the home of one three to four cents a pound for my bread of the missionaries, with a usual at- tendance of from thirty-five to forty. or flour.

An Encouragement to Prayer Letters from Palestine naturally contain many references to the change of government in the Turkish Empire.

A missionary in Nazareth writes: Perhaps one of the most striking events consequent on the change of government in this country occurred in N az- More Moslem women and girls are to Safeguarding Emigrants be found in the Sunday-school than ever before. Enough undermining An important letter has been sent by with the pick-ax of truth and the the Colonial Missionary Society to the "Wall of Islam" will totter, and when secretaries of the County Cnions, also it totters it will fall. to the district secretaries in Great Britain, urging that action should be EUROPE taken by them to influence the churches to take immediate steps to England in 1526 safeguard as far as they could the thousands of young people who in the In the spring of 1526 a cargo of early spring leave the old country for Testaments (Tyndale's English trans- Canada and other lands. lation), which had been secretly printed at Cologne, reached London We understand that the Canadian from the Rhine, and was surreptitious- churches are also taking similar steps ly distributed in the metropolis and in regard to those who arrive in the other parts of this country. Received Dominion, and it is hoped that letters with joy and thanksgiving by the peo- of introduction or transfer be given to ple, the bishops and the authorities those who are associated with churches. viewed the appearance of the precious The matter is too serious to be overvolume in the mother tongue with looked. Its far-reaching importance alarm, and took steps to destroy it. can only be fully understood by those Wolsey gave orders for this English who know the dangers to which young New Testament to be publicly burned. life in new lands is exposed. Every Tunstal, the Bishop of London, in a year it is estimated that hundreds are sermon at St. Paul's Cross, denounced lost to the churches in Canada and the book as heretical; and, upon the elsewhere owing to the lack of prompt conclusion of the sermon, the New action by church officials in this coun- Testament was thrown into the flames. try. If early intimation were sent to On November I, 1526, Cardinal Cam- the office of the Colonial Missionary peggio wrote to Cardinal Wolsey ex- Society, arrangements could often be pressing his delight that "a glorious made for those going out to be met and saving work for the protection of at the port of arrival, and so a most the Christian religion" had been un- helpful and much-needed service dertaken in England, the glorious would be rendered.-British Weekly. work being "the burning of the Bible in the common tongue," than which, Salvation Army Training School said Campeggio, "assuredly no burntoffering could be more pleasing to Al- A few weeks since the Salvation mighty God !"-London Christian. Army Training College at Clapton opened its doors for the 1909 session. England in 1909 Upward of 500 students entered for training, including 66 women cadets, During the eight months from April who are specially devoting themselves to I'ovember inclusive, 1,826 cases to rescue, slum and maternity work packed with Scriptures, weighing alto- under lIrs. Booth. The training of gether 178 tons, were sent out from an army captain at Clapton extends the London headquarters of the Bible over ten months. The young enthu- Society for shipment abroad. The siast is taught, in addition to theologibooks included versions in about 130 cal and doctrinal subjects, how to hold different languages. These shipments, a crowd, how to deal with drunken however, represent only a fraction of disturbers of his meetings, what to the Society's output, as two-thirds of advise perplexed mothers to do in case its editions are printed in the foreign the baby is taken ill, the best way to countries where they are circulated.- scrub a floor and cook a dinner, how Bible in the World. to keep accounts, and when to resist an overbearing or unjust police official.

The new students have been gathered dia and Ceylon, 76 China, 66 Kongo, and from every corner of the British Isles. 14 Europe. One hundred years ago the They are, for the most part, people world WitS closed to tiS, and onr churches in humble circumstances, who have were for the 1110St part unresponsive. had to exercise considerable self-denial To-day doors are flung wide open, and in order to provide the outfit that is from every field there come agonizing to see them through till the end of appca!s-··Co111e over and help us" the year. Several children of prominent officers are included. A Far-north C. E. Society The SalVlt.tion Army and the Poor This is a scene in :Ialmberget, Sweden, 50 miles beyond the }.rctic The current Review of Rcvicws has Circle, where the most northern Chrisan interesting article on the Salvation tian Endeavor Society in Europe has Army and the English unemployed. its home. Dr. Clark visited this re- The army has brought to Canada and gion several years ago. The longest settled upon government lands about day here is 408 hours, and the longest 55,000 of these starving, out-of-work night in winter is of the same length. people. These are the people who For seventeen days in winter the sun may be seen shivering on the London does not rise. For seventeen davs in streets, sinking exhausted to the pave- summer the sun does not set. What ments, passing the night in a mutter- leisurely Christian Endeavor ;Ieetings ing stupor without shelter; standing, they can enjoy in Malmberget ttwo or three thousand in a line, half- Clzristiwt Endeavor World. frozen and waiting patiently for a bite to eat, or joining the hungry marchers Missionary Zeal of Swedish Methodists through the streets. General Booth has a card which is presented to each The missionary activity of the Methemigrant on the army's chartered odist Church in Sweden is indicated ships. It reads: "God carry you safely by the following facts furnished by the to your new home. Fearlessly calculate upon hard work. Bravely meet Rev. J. M. Erikson. During the past difficulties. Do your duty by your families. Help your comrades. Make Conference vear thev have contributed Canada a home that will be a credit $6, 122 for' foreigl; mISSIOn work. to the old land. Put God first. Stand Vithin the last two years 4 missionby the army. Save your souls. iIeet aries have gone out from the Swedish me in heaven!" Conference, two to East Central Af- rica, one to :Malaysia, and one to West Remembering What God Has Wrought China. A fifth is now uncler appoint- ment to Inhambane, East Central In calling for a "Veek of thanks- Africa. Ten pastor-teachers or helpgiving, prayer and self-denial," Febru- ers in India receive their support from ary 21-27, the Baptist Missionary So- Sweden. ciety makes this recital: .. Toleration!" in Italy There is much in the work of our Following upon a remarkable revisociety to call forth glad thanksgiving. val at Campiglia dei Derici, a village in Venetia, a church has been erected God is doing great things for us. Last and dedicated for services in connec- tion with the VesleOan missions. The year nearly 2,000 souls were added to ground for the bt{ilding and for a house for the minister was given by a our ranks by baptism-6S1 India and converted artizan named Tosetto, who, with other converts, gave free labor Ceylon, 430 China, 780 Kongo, 44 Eu- in order to keep down the cost. The building is a very tasteful one, with rope. Our native church numbers over suitable texts on the front. There were a number of tumults during the 20,000 members and 13,000 scholars, not progress of the work, and Tosetto was shot at by a hidden would-be assasincluding the 46,742 members and 28,235 scholars in the West Indies, where the churches are now self-supporting. yve theaavceher1~0,1757s8tatnioantis;e 832 Sunday-school missionaries and evangelists, and 302 European mission- aries, wives, and lady helpers-146 In-

MISSIONARY

sin, but escaped unhurt, the ball pass- aries abroad. The same is in a measure ing through his hat. The opening true of the work for the Greeks and services were crowded, despite the fact Assyrians here. that an official ecclesiastical document had been circulated threatening ex- Those laboring most efiectively for the communication by special order of the S1avs in Cleveland and Chicago were pope to all who took part, "either di- first trained in the American Board misrectly or indirectly." The same pun- sion .in Bohemia. To-day working ishment was promised to anyone who among the Slavs in Canada and the "even for curiosity" reads the heretical United States there are evangelical Slavs, books or ventures into the building. who are giving their time and strength Rev. V. Burgess, of Rome, recording and talent to this work, everyone of the events, states in the Foreign Field whom was trained in the mission of the that a Romanist catcchism recently American Board in Bohemia. Dr. sanctioned by the present pontiff con- Clarke, of the Bohemia mission, says tains the following: that there are more Bohemians trained in the mission in Bohemia working for Question: If a Christian should bc of- their own people in Canada and the fered a Bible by a Protestant, what United States than there are in Bohemia should he do? itself. Missionary trained men and wom- en are working for Chinese and Japanese Answer: He should reject it with hor- not only upon the Pacific Coast but in ror, and if he may have received it inad- other States. vertently he should immediately throw it into the fire, or give it to the parish Country Churches as Producers of priest.-Londoll Christialt. Missionaries Increase of Bible Study Dr. Barton states this well-nigh The "Bible Circles for Pupils of startling fact: Higher Schools" in Germany have now been doing their blest work for The American Board has sent out mistwenty-five years. It was at the gym- sionaries who were born in New Hampnasium (college) in Elberfeld, where, shire to the number of 171. Of this in 1883, the first of those "Bibel large number only one was born in Kranzchen" was organized. To-day, Keene, one in Concord, and one in Manthere are 121 in 91 cities, with a chester, all the rest having been born in membership of over 5,000. Thc object smaller country places. From Vermont is the study of the Bible. Only stu- 217 missionaries have been sent, pracdents of higher institutions are admit- tically all of whom came from the counted to membership. try. It is significant that 7 of these 217 came from a church at Randolph, which AMERICA has now on its roll less than 100 mem- bers, of whom nearly one-half are ab- How Foreign Missions Aid Home Missions sentees. The board has sent from Mas- sachusetts 556 missionaries, only 13 of Says Dr. ]. L. Barton, one of the whom were born in Boston, and the most secretaries of the American Board: of whom came from small country churches. In all of these cases the In Massachusetts, working under the churches which have furnished the most Home Missionary Society for Armenian missionaries might be called home miscolonies, there is a large number of Ar- sion churches, and many of them are menians trained for this work in foreign now receiving aid from the Home Mismission institutions in Turkey; and what sionary Society. is true of Massachusetts is true of New York, Illinois, California and other States The Great Home Mission Campaign where Armenians are congregated. The editor of the only evangelical Armenian From Atlanta, Georgia; Hartford, paper published in the United States is Connecticut; Buffalo and Brooklyn, a graduate and former teacher in Eu- N ew York; Pittsburg and Philadelphrates College, Harpoot, Turkey; and phia come encouraging reports of the the pastors of the self-supporting Ar- Home Mission campaign conducted menian churches in llassachusctts, New jointly by the leading denominations. York, Chicago, and California received their training at the hands of mission- The following are some of the reports: "Seventeen religious denominations are federated under the banner of this great twentieth-century movement in the interest of Home Missions; and the object of the various meetings is

to familiarize the people with the char- hid, as it were, their faces from him. acter of this great crusade, behind He was. wounded for our transgressions which is massed the united strength and brUIsed for our iniquities. With his of all evangelical Christendom. stripes we are healed. He was cut out of the land of the living. Yet he has "Less than one year old, this splen- had his portion with the great and shared did organization has assumed colossal the spoils with the strong. proportions. Ignoring sectarian lines and creeds, it presents an impressive The Fruit of Lincoln's Doing front. The object-lesson in Christian unity which the movement exhibits in In a recent address in New York this age of discordant whims and theo- City, Booker T. Washington stated ries is most encoUlaging." that he first heard Lincoln's name in a prayer offering by his mother in a "In the evening 1,200 men and slave cabin, in which she asked that women were crowded in the church. victory might crown the efforts of 'America, God's Laboratory for the the Union army. He also said: World,' was the subject of the inspiring address by Rev. Josiah Strong, Lincoln lives in the 32,000 young men D.D., and the concluding address given by Rev. Charles E. Jefferson, pastor of and women of the negro race learning the Broadway Tabernacle, whose mass of facts and figures proved to be one useful trades and occupations' in the of the most interesting topics of the session." ?OO,OOO farms acquired by those he freed; "The meetings were a great success. III the more than 400,000 homes built· the One immediate result is that the various denominations are to get to- 46 banks established and 10 000 stores gether, and plan to cooperate in their city mission work to such an extent owned; in the $550,000,000 wo'rth of taxas to prevent overlapping." able property in hand; the 28,000 public How Lincoln Seems to the Freedmen schools existing with 30000 teachers' Tho February abounded in Lincoln celebrations and fine orations by the the 170 industrial schools' and colleges: hundred, no tribute paid was finer or more whole-hearted than one by the the 23,000 ministers and 26,000 churches: American Missionary for that month, which gives nearly fifty pages to arti- But above all this, he lives in the steady cles by colored men and women, all freedmen, or children of ex-slaves. Of and unalterable determination of 10t~- these writers seven were educated in 000,000 black citizens to continue the institutions of the American Missionary Association, which has done climb year by year the ladder of the more than any other single agency for carrying on the work begun by Lin- highest usefulness and to perfect themcoln's Proclamation of Emancipation. One of them, Prof. Kelly Miller, of selves in strong and virtuous character. Howard University, says: For making all this possible Lincoln One hundred years ago Abraham Lincoln was born amidst a lowly life. lives. There is none other than the Son of Man to whom the great Messianic Men', Reformed Church Movement prophecy applies with such pointed pertinency. He grew up as a root out of The committee appointed to plan the dry ground. He had no form nor come- organization of a Men's Missionary liness that we should desire him. He Movement in the Reformed Church of was a man of sorrows and acquainted A~erica adopted the following plan, with grief. The haughty and supercilious whIch was recommended for adoption at a conference held in the Marble Collegiate Church, New York: 1. The Men's Missionary Movement is an alliance of the men of the churches for cooperation in furthering the For- eign and Domestic Missionary interests of the Reformed Church in America. 2. Every man who is a member or ad- herent of any Reformed Church, and every minister in affiliation with the de- nomination, shall be considered to be a member of the Movement.

3. The men identified with any church may, if they choose to do so, organize as a local branch of the Movement, adopt- ing such plan and name as may be adapted to local conditions. 4. In each Classis the laymen appointed under section 3 shall constitute a Clas- sical Committee of the Movement.

S. A General Committee shall be con- stituted by the appointment of two lay

GENERAL MISSIONARY INTELLIGENCE 3Il

representatives from each Classical Com- Christian Endeavor Among the Eskimos mittee. The secretaries and the Boards of Domestic Missions and Foreign Mis. A Christian Endeavor Society has sions shall be ex-officio members of the been formed among the Eskimos of General Committee. the Friends' mission at Kotzebue, Alaska, under the leadership of Mr. 6. The General Committee shall ap- and Mrs. James V. Geary. More than point an Executive Committee of fifteen, forty young people, all under twenty whose members shall he chosen from years of age, and all Eskimos, were sllch localities that they may meet to- present at the first meeting. They gether without difficulty. have adopted a very simple pledge. The Friends' Arctic Mission has 7. The duties of the several committees nearly 1,500 Eskimo members. Be- sides being a missionary, Mr. Geary is shall be as follows: postmaster and superintendent of the (a) The Classical Committee shall have reindeer herd. Mrs. Geary is govern- ment teacher of the day school and the direction of the work of the Movement gives instruction on industrial lines, within each Classis. They shall encour- such as breadmaking, dressmaking, age local organizations of the men in the and by visiting the homes, in home- churches, plan for Classical Conferences, making. and in other suitable ways further the purposes of the Movement. A Noted Indian Chief (b) The General Committee shall have Geronimo, a noted Apache Indian, general direction of the Movement, espe- died of pneumonia in February at cially as it relates to the whole denomi- Fort Sill, Oklahoma. For twenty-two nation and the General Synod. It shall years he was kept as a prisoner of plan for Men's Missionary Conventions war, as one who could no longer be in suitable centers at least once each trusted, and is supposed to have passed year. eighty years of age. He was a ver- itable tiger in his thirst for human (c) The Executive Committee shall act blood and was a foe to be feared. The for the General Committee when the lat- Apaches who followed him on the ter is not in session. war-path wOtlld, if orders were given, have dared any perils if he but raised It was voted to recommend that the his hand or sounded the war-whoop. first meeting of the General Committee be held on Monday, October 25, 1909, at He profest conversion three years' such place as may be fixt by the act- ago, and was received into meming Executive Committee. bership in the Reformed (Dutch) Church. The plan of organization was designed to be flexible enough to meet conditions Saving the Immigrant in every church. It was devised and adopted in the spirit of prayer and serv- A writer in the British Congrega- tionalist gives an account of the way ice. in which the churches of all denom- inations in Canada are seeking to deal Christ Million Anniverslr;)' with the multitudes of immigrants who pour into that country. A defi- This enterprise in behalf of Roman nite form of welcome has been pro- vided at the ports of entry, chaplains Catholics has just passed its thirtieth representing the churches being on hand to welcome the newcomers and anniversary, having been established introduce them to Christian people. Such a movement must have farin 1879 under the control of James A. reaching consequences. The moment O'Connor, a converted priest. At the of arrival in a new country is a peril- ous one in many ways for the immiheadquarters, 33 I West Fifty-seventh Street, New York, its anniversary (December 20th), was marked by a sermon on "Testimonies of Catholic and Protestant Christians." A converted priest, Rev. Thomas Barbeieri, for- merlv connected with the Church of Our'Ladv of Mount Carmel in New York, told the story of his conversion, and Dr. J. N. Taft, a relative of the President, preached on December 27th. After watching the progress of this mission for many years and from personal acquaintance with its super- intendent, we can honestly commend it to the prayers, sympathies, and sup- port of the people of God.

grant; and if he or she can only be of Paraguay, converted under the captured immediately by the Christian ministry of the Rev. Remigio Vazbrotherhood, a great step will have quez, in Buenos Ayres, he received his been taken in the forming of the char- earliest training under the personal diacter of the new country as well as rection of his pastor, pursuing later in the saving of .the individual. As a course of study in the Theological colonial life extends, Christians in the Seminary under the late Dr. Samuel motherland must rise to the occasion VV. Siberts. His first appointment and see that ministers and workers was to a difficult field, that of Dolores, across the seas have their hands in the province of Buenos Ayres. strengthened for the important work Within a year he has won universal of saving the immigrant.-London esteem, has dissipated prejudices, has Christian. had converts, and has secured the erection of a church building, recently Consolidation of Periodicals dedicated.-World-Wide Missions.

For years the Congregational socie- Progressive South America ties engaged in the different phases of home mission work have decided to Tho we hear much of the tremenpublish no longer each a monthly pe- dous emigration in progress from riodical; but for the sake of economy, Europe to the United States, little is harmony and cooperation to unite in heard of a similar movement toward sustaining a single one to be called the southern half of the New World. The American Missionary, to cost to As Secretary H. C. Stuntz, of the subscribers but fifty cents a year. The Methodist Missionary Society, puts it: foreign work, however, will continue to be represented by The Missionary Few North Americans realize the Herald. astounding progress which is being made in railway extension, agricultural devel- A Campaign of Education opments, and systematic plans for the extension of the benefits of common- The Foreign Missionary Society of school education throughout nearly all the Disciples of Christ is conducting of South America. Over $40,000,000 of a unique educational campaign European capital have been expended through the agency of moving pic- upon railway construction in Argentina tures. They have secured eight of the alone within the last twelve years. Imbest of the moving-picture scenes from migration from Southern and Central the Young People's Missionary Move- Europe is pouring hundreds of thousands ment. These scenes are from Japan, through the ports of Rio de Janeiro and China, India and Africa. With these Buenos Ayres. The immigration statishave been combined 100 or more tics of South 'America for 1908 show sixslides of the work of the society ty-seven per cent. as large a number of around the world. Two of the best foreigners coming to South America as combination moving-picture and ster- passed through all our Atlantic ports. eopticon machines have been pur- Republic after republic has thrown off chased. A. McLean, president of the the incubus of Romish intolerance and society, and S. J. Corey, one of the enacted laws granting equal protection to secretaries, are spending nearly four all faiths. And while magistrates, who months in the field with these outfits. have long been accustomed to punish With each leader are two returned heretics, will not readily yield to the new missionaries. order, yet every day will give larger and larger scope to these laws. A Native South American Missionary Christian Endeavor in ChilE! ~hat an indigenous ministry is being raised up in South America is The first Christian Endea',or coninstanced in the case of the Rev. Boni- vention in Chile, according to The facio Ferreyra Borjas, of the Eastern Christian Endeavor World, was held South America Conference. A native in Taiguen, a small town in the south. Valparaiso was the most distant point represented. but delegates were in at- tendance from Chillan, Temuco, Val- divia, and other parts. The conven-

MISSIONARY INTELLIGEXCE 3I

tion lasted three days, and at the clo- ligion of action. One-half of its mes- sing meeting the delegates rose one sage – "There is one God" – is by one and exprest what Christian En- absolutely true, whatever may be deavor and the convention meant to thought of the other half-"and Mo- them. It was agreed to form a prayer hammed is His prophet. 0' The pre- band, and that at the hours of 12 :30 cepts of fasting and almsgiving, the and 7 :30 each day, wherever they injunction against gambling, strong might be, they would lift up their drink, and usury, the frequent daily hearts in prayer to God for blessing calls to prayer are not things to call on the Church. for adverse comment. Dr. Stewart, AFRICA a most eminent missionary authority, says of the difference the Mohamme- Gte!>t Britain and the Kongo dan religion makes on the African: The government is still waiting "I t pulls him together and he becomes for an assurance from the Belgian in every way more of a man, certainly Ministry that reform in the Kongo more self-assertive." Polytheism dis- Free State is at last to be undertaken appears; sorcery dies away and human in earnest. The latest Parliamentary sacrifices; squalid filth gives way to paper on the Kongo question was pub- cleanliness; hospitality becomes a lished in November. After a lapse duty; drunkenness is rare; idleness is of more than two months, no definite regarded as degrading; justice is ad- reply has been given to Sir Edward ministered by written code rather than Grey. Count de Lala;'1g warned the by the caprice of the chief, and a gen- Foreign Secretary that delay would eral moral elevation takes place.

be inevitable owing to the transference Swedish Missiona.ries in the Kongo Free of authority from the Kongo State to State the Belgian Government. It was Of the missionaries of the eight hoped in this country that the lot of great societies which are sending the the unhappy natives would be radi- Gospel to the thirty millions of cally changed under the new system. heathen in the Kongo Free State, The best influences in Belgian poli- those of the Swedish lIissionary Sotics, including that of a Socialist ciety alone do· not complain over the leader like M. Vandervelde, had been conduct of the officials, declaring themardently on the side of reform. It seives satisfied with the state of their seems, however, that Belgian states- mutual relations. This is the more remen are in no position as yet to make markable, because they labor in the promises.-British Weekly. same district where the American Bap- tists complain so much that the offi- If Islam Should Possess Africa!

The great issue to be fought ont in cials favor the Roman Catholic mis- Africa is whether the continent shall sionaries, who are therefore quite over- be Mohammedan or Christian. The bearing in their conduct. The work former faith has been propagating of the Swedish missionaries is de- itself for 1,300 years, while Christian- scribed bv them as favorable. Much ity has been there a bare century. It educatio~al work is being done and numbers some forty million adherents, the 123 schools contain 4,029 pupils.

2.5 against Christianity's one million. Upon the 6 stations and 89 outstations It is fallacious to say that since Mo- 1,628 native Christians are found, but lummedanism works an undeniable we must remember that only adults change for the better in the heathen are baptized. More than 50 European black man, that it is a good enough laborers and more than 100 native faith for Africa. We need not criti- helpers are employed in the murderous cise too absolutely the Mohammedan climate to which ten European labor- religion. Christian missionaries tes- ers succumbed from 1901 to 1907.

tify to its earnestness, It is the re- The sleeping sickness among the natives has forced the missionaries to told they must commence to remove at once. This is a great hardship, as it is undertake quite a large amount of now near the cultivating season, and medical missionary work. Much lit- there is not time to build storehouses, erary work is also done by them, the huts, and remove food, etc. On August whole Bible having been published in 13th practically all the men in our vil- Kifioti in 1905, and a large grammar lages turned out, and we set off to make and dictionary are being printed. A preparations for the exodus to follow. monthly magazine for natives is pub- They were accompanied a considera- ble distance along the road by their lished in 800 copies, a remarkable women-folk, who carried their food for achievement. The Swedish mission- them, and then with shrill cries gave aries expect to enter the French them a good send-off. Kongo in 1909, having received permission from the French Government In due time we reached the selected site, fixt camp, and made all snug for our stay. Toward evening about twenty already. of our teachers came in, each car- rying a load of banana-plants, and sing- Thanksgiving in Darkest Africa ing, "God Bless Our Native Land,"

We read of a recent jubilee held at to the tune of "God Save the King." Morija in Basutoland, one of the stations of the Societe des Missions The hymns they chose for service that evening were "There is a better world, they say," and "There will be no more Evangeliques de Paris, an occasion parting"-very well suited to the occa- sion, I thought. Knowing there would where 5,000 dark-skinned Christians be a wild rush, quarreling, and infinite gathered to give thanks for. t~e go?d tidings, and all that the mlSSlOnanes confusion were each man allowed to choose his own garden, I called the vil- had brought of blessing. The men lage elders, and instructed them to allot had nothing remarkable; their faces the garden to each man in rotation, bewere more or less expressive, their ginning with the elders, next the teachcostumes more or less civilized, with ers, and finally the rank and file. One hundred and thirty-nine plots were, head wear ranging from the English therefore, allotted without quarreling or derby to the great straw hat a foot confusion, and to the satisfaction of all.

and a half high. It was the women The Consecration of African Christians who took the eye; they have a re- German Southwest Africa suffered markable sense for that which is be- most severely, as our readers will recoming. They twist their turbans member, from the rebellion of the around the head in the most fantastic Herero tribes against the German and becoming fashion, turbans of Government in 1905. The mission every imaginable color; one sees even stations of the Rhenish Missionary Sothe most vivid red, green, pale or ciety were almost broken up, and the emerald, blue, light or indigo. Chri~­ work has been only slowly recovering tians wear a shawl, in plaid, or a sohd from the effects of the war since the color, but never matching the turban. rebels were forced to surrender to the The heathen are wrapt in large Germans. Now the work seems to blankets like a steamer rug, but never have been firmly established once more, gray or' brown, always with .big pat- and especially joyful news has come terns in red. These colors lIghtened from the colony during the closing by the sun make a most pleasing pic- months of the past year. Several new ture, a real feast for the eyes. churches and chapels have been An Exodus from Tanganyika opened, among them the fine church In the London Chronicle, Rev. R. at Rehoboth on November 15th. A S. Vright tells of the removal of a large number of the Bastards and of whole tribe in order to escape from the Namaquas and Damras were presthe deadly sleeping sickness. He ent and listened to the Gospel preached writes: by the missionaries, and the straight- forward address of the representative Three weeks ago we had a visit f.rol~l of the German Government. The new the native commissioner and the pnnci' ..:hurch seats about eight hundred peopal medical officer. The people were

19°9] GENERAL MISSIONARY

pie and is well built and comfortably rate, and they are most likely to be furnished. The cost of its erection under than above the truth, says has been borne exclusively by the Christian Wark and Evangelist, by no members of the native Christian con- means register the be-nefit which misgregation. They voluntarily sub- sionary effort has conferred upon the scribed $7,000, an immense amount if pagan worIel. Beyonel the 5,000,000 one remembers the limited opportuni- adherents of the IO,OOO organized ties of earning money, and furnished churches, the 8,000 Bible schools with personal labor and services to the their 1,500,000 of pupils, the 50,000 amount of almost $4,000. Thus these native ordained preachers, and all their native Christians gave a wonderful ex- unregistered influence upon the people, ample of deep, whole-hearted conse- beyond all the benefits of civilization, cration unto the Master, which is well commerce, industry, arts, brought in worthy of our imitation. the wake of missionary effort, and in so many cases impossible but for its A Notable Gathering in Mento Cathedral effect upon the people, above all these and far more valuable than any of One of the greatest events in the them has been the silent, indescribable history of the Church in Uganda was but immensely potent influence of the the presence of four kings together for lives, the sacrifices, the self-forgetful worship at two services in Mengo love, the cleath in countless instances, Cathedral on Sunday, November 8th. of the missionaries themselves. They were the kings' of Uganda, Bunyora, Ankole, and Toro, who were in The Potenc)' of Man), Small Gifta Mengo for the exhibition and the celebration of the birthday of King Ed- Not long since a missionary wrote: ward VII. The first of the two serv- The fact that India supports no less ices is thus described bv the Rev. J. than 5,000,000 fakirs, mostly by small gifts given by the very poor, gives some Roscoe, writing from Iiengo: idea of the possibilities awaiting the Indian church in the matter of self-sup- The morning service was a packed one, port when it resolves to say good-by to and was an imposing sight; the proces- foreign money and rises to the full digsion of some 50 leading chiefs, together nity of its position as an indigenous with the four kings and the regents, and independent church, laying itself out for at the head Busoga with some of his the good of the people of this great chiefs, all in state robes, was a pic- empire. turesque one. It was an event never to be forgotten by the Christians here, as The Aim of Missions Past and Present it was the first time any king other than the King of Uganda had ever been to a Says Secretary Barton, in his "Reservice in the cathedral. The Rev. H. view of the Year," at the annual meet- W. Duta, in his sermon, pointed out how ing of the American Board: the early missionaries had toiled and sowed seed, how Bishop Hannington and Almost within a single decade foreign others had laid down their lives to bring missions have advanced from an enthe Gospel to Uganda, and now we were deavor mainly to reach individual men beginning to see the real harvest. The and women, and to shape a narrow range four kings together was a sight never of society, to a recognized place as a before beheld in Uganda. The only force operating upon the great races and cause for kings to meet in the past was nations, developing in them a self-confor battle, but here we saw them, to- sciousness, awakening in them a new gether with their people, taking part in sense of independence, and training them one religious service, and worshiping the to use wisely national power and responsame God and rejoicing in the same sibility. This has ever been the result Savior.-C. M. S. Ca:::ctte. of Christian instruction among the back- ward races: it will ever be the same MISCELLANEOUS until none are left behind.

A Century Plant and Its Fruits OBITUARY NOTES According to a recent report II,- Rabbi Ignatz Lichtenstein, of Budapest 250,000 "heathen" have been converted to 01ristianity during the past Rabbi Ignatz Lichtenstein died in hundred years. The figures, if accu- Budapest, Hungary, in his eighty-fifth year on October 16, 1908. He was

one of the most picturesque figures in .He. entered into rest, avowing his the history of Jewish missions during faIth 111 Jesus the Messiah to the very the last twenty years. Born as the last, ane! was buried in the cemetery son of strictly orthodox Jewish par- of the Reformed Jewish Synagog ents, he was ordained as rabbi and in Budapest, of which he had rebecame district rabbi in Tapio-Szele, mained a nominal member to his death. a little Hungarian town, in 1873. Ten years later the reading of a l'ew Tes- Rabbi Lichtenstein's pamphlets are tament, which many years before he valuable as missionary literature and had confiscated as dangerous litera- are gladly received a'nd read by the ture from a Jewish teacher, convinced Jews of eastern Europe. He was him that Jesus of Nazareth is the faithful unto death, and even those Messiah. For several vears he dared not who do not agree with his views in speak of his faith, bt{t finally his heart remaining unbaptized and continuing overflowed and one Sabbath, as he was a nominal member of the Jewish compreaching to his Jewish congrega- munity, acknowledge his honesty and tion, he spoke of Jesus as the true his integrity of purpose. His life and Messiah and the Redeemer of Israel. testimony have not been in vain. Soon after he published three pamphlets on the question, which created a Death of Father Janssen tremendous sensation among the Jews of Europe. Persecutions came at On January 15th Father Arnold once, and Rabbi Lichtenstein was Janssen died at Steyl, in Holland, in cited to appear before the assembled his 72d year. He was the founder Rabbinate in Budapest. Vhen he and the superintendent-general of the entered the hall, he was greeted with Society of the Divine Word, the Gerthe cry, "Retract! Retract 1" His man-Dutch Foreign Missionary Soanswer was, "I shall most willingly ciety of the Roman Catholic Church. retract if you convince me that I air In 1875 he founded the first German wrong." A compromise was offered, Roman Catholic Mission House at but he declined it. Six years he con- Steyl, in 1888 the College of St. tinued to be a district rabbi and to Raphael in Rome, in 1889 the Mispreach and teach from the New Testa- sionary Seminary in Moedling near ment in his own synagog, in spite Vienna, in 1892 the Mission House of persecutions and bitter opposition. near N eisse, in 1898 the Mission Missionary organizations and denomi- House St. Wendel near Treves, and nations sought his services, and even in 1904 the Mission House St. Rupert an emissary from the Pope came with near Salzburg. He was also the a tempting offer. But Rabbi Lichten- founder of the Women's Association stein decided to remain among his of the Handmaids of the Holy Ghost. own nation and not to be baptized, His executive ability was marvelous, that he might thus exert upon his and under his directions missionaries Jewish brethren an influence from of the Society of the Divine Word within. In 1892, however, he resigned have commenced work in China and his office and, after a brief visit to Japan, in the South Sea Islands and England, settled in Budapest, where West Africa, in North and South he was supported by a small council America. At his death, thirty years of English friends of Israel. At first after the first missionary of the society his work in Budapest was full of had gone to China, there were laborpromise, but gradually it became very ing under him 234 priests, 118 lay clear to everv observer that his con- brothers, and 182 sisters, while 50,000 tinuance within the Jewish camp did baptized heathen and 50,000 catechunot remove the offense of the cross, men were the visible results of the but apparently decreased his useful- work. The cause of Roman Catholic Foreign Missions suffered a great loss ness. in the death of Father Janssen. PERU; ITs STORY, PEOPLE, AND RELIGION. heathenism. They are not musical By Geraldine Guinness. Illustrated. doggerel, but are worthy of use in 8vo, 450 pp. $3.00 net. . Morgan & any meeting. They include such well- Scott, London. Fleming H. Revell known selections as Luther's "Mighty Co., New York. 1909. Fortress"; Vesley's "Come, Thou Al- mighty King"; Baring-Gould's "On- It is easy to say that any book ward, Christian Soldiers"; Zinzenis one of unusual merit, but this is dod's "Jesus Still Leads On"; Watts' more than true of the book before us. "Jesus Shall Reign" ; Miss Goreh's "In This is the more remarkable in that the Secret of His Presence," and it is the work of a young woman not others equally familiar, besides some twenty years old when it was writ- excellent new words and music-75 in ten. The photographic illustrations all. Fifteen responsive missionary are fine examples of art and are well Bible readings add to the completeness chosen to illustrate the text. of the pamphlet.

Miss Guinness accompanied her THE WHY AND How OF FOREIGN MISSIONS. father, Dr. Harry Grattan Guinness, By Rev. Arthur J. Brown. 12mo, 286 on a sort of journey of missionary pp. Illustrated. 50 and 35 cents, net. exploration to Peru and this volume is the result. It is dedicated to "all Young People's Missionary Movement who have no interest in Peru," but those who read it must give up this New York. 1908. ' title. In a charming style, with a wealth of its rhetoric, and withal . This popular presentation of pringenerally accurate, the young CIples and facts is already in its third traveler describes in three parts, .edition. The major part is taken first, the story of Peru, historically; from the author's larger book, "The second, the account of its people; Foreign Missionary," and is arranged and third, the character and results for a mission study course. It is a of its religions. good companion volume to S. D. Gor- don's more contemplative work, for it The third part is a terrific arraign- deals in a peculiarly striking way with ment of Peruvian Romanism because the practical facts that appeal to of its abuse of political power, its thinking men. The missionary motive superstition and lack of spirituality is clearly stated on a Biblical basis; and the immorality of priests and the missionary administration and the people. The book closes with a selection and support of candidates glimpse into the realities of mission- are described by one who has had ary life and the opportunities for practical experience in the organizamissionary service. Not one dull tion; missionaries at work and the napage has found its way into this tive church are shown by one who has book, which is a great contribution visited the field; missionary critics are to the literature on the "Neglected fairly and ably answered, and the Continent. (See selectIons on pages part of the home church in the enter- 2IO-217, March REVIEW.) prise is set forth with an evident knowledge of and sympathy for the THE FORWARD MOVEMENT HYMNAL. Pam- difficulties and work that press on the phlet. 15 cents. Baptist Forward local church. Here is an excellent Movement, Philadelphia. 1908. book to put in the hands of earnest, thinking laymen and young people. Nothing is more stirring than a good missionary hymn. Most of our QUIET TALKS WITH WORLD WINNERS. By church hymnals are wofully lacking in S. D. Gordon. 12mo, 280 pp. 75 cents, number and variety of these hymns, so net. A. C. Armstrong & Son, New that a special book has been prepared York. 1908. for the missionary campaign. The hymns here included are appropriate Mr. Gordon's "Quiet Talks" have for both home and foreign missions. become widely known and greatly Some are written by converts from used. They are not so much discov-

eries of new truth as simple, strong and outlook of Indian missions. Dr.

statements of familiar principles and Richter is .discriminating and careful precepts. Their charm lies in their in his limited use of statistics. There divine truth, their homely simplicity, is no full statistical table, tho this and their adaptation to human needs. would have been a valuable feature of This latest volume of "Quiet such a book.

Talks" deals with God's love and plan It is evident from a careful reading of salvation for man. The Master's of this history that the most extensive passion and plan, the need, the oppor- and abiding work has been done tunity and emergency, and the past through the great missionary societies.

failure and coming victory are pre- The independent work has sometimes sented with spiritual insight and been excellent in its spirit and method, power that are convincing and com- but as the founders have passed away pelling. Few pictures of a human the converts have scattered and there father's dealing with his wayward has been nothing left to conserve the child so powerfully show God's suf- results. These free-lance movements fering for man's sin as that described lack the power from direction and the in "A Human Picture of God." accumulated energy of the permanent The second series of "Quiet Talks" and progressive societies. The suc- takes up the winning forces-the cess of missions is hindered by the Church, the Christian, the Savior, the character of many of the Europeans Spirit, prayer, money, and sacrifice. who bring Christianity into disrepute, These are practical Bible studies that by the heathen antecedents and sur- should lead to greater sacrifice and roundings of the converts and by the more devoted service. Mr. Gordon lack of adequate support for the mis- has a great gift in the simple setting sionary enterprise.

forth of fundamental principles of the Dr. Richter's book is of greatest Christian life. value to students of Indian missions.

A HISTORY OF MISSIONS IN INDIA. By It is packed full with information.

Julius Richter, D.D. Map, 8vo, 468 pp. GLIMPSES OF INDIAN LIFE. By H. S.

$2.50, net. Fleming H. Revell Co., Streatfield. 12mo, 171 pp. 2s. 6d. Mar- shall Brothers, London. 1908. N ew York. 1908.

Julius Richter is one of the leading A woman missionary sees much authorities on missions of the Euro- that is shut out from the gaze of other pean continent. As an author, editor foreigners. Miss Streatfield simply and lecturer he is well known and tells what she has seen in the cities highly esteemed in missionary circles, and zenanas of South India, and so that Professor Moore's excellent thereby helps us to understand some translation of "IJldische M issiOJ1s of the difficulties and anxieties, joys geschichte" is cordially welcomed. and sorrows, that move the heart of But it is, moreover, the best and most one who sympathizes with God and complete history, in the English lan- man. The scenes described are simple guage, of the beginnings and progress pictures of every-day life in the misof Christian missions in the Indian sion compound, the school, the streets, Empire. and the native temples and zenanas. They are not of unusual merit, but After a brief introductory descrip- they bring the reacler at home into tion of the land the people and relig- closer touch with the worker on the ions of India, Dr. Richter gives a field. careful and intelligent account of the work of the ear!y Roman Catholic WITH THE AFGHANS. By Claude Field. Il- missionaries, the' Syrian Church, the lustrations and map. 8vo, 221 pp. 3s, Danish Protestants, and the modern 6d. Marshall Bros., London. 1908.

missionaries since William Carey. Afghanistan is another of the lands The latter half of the book discusses closed to the Gospel. A station is the problems, organization, results, maintained on the Indian border at

FOR THE MISSIONARY LI:BRARY

Peshawur-caIIed the vilest city in work of missions will never be ade- Asia-but not one step further are quately supported until God's people the messengers of light allowed to go. realize their privileges and obliga- Even the native medical mission, at tions as Christian stewards. In eight Lundi Kotal, has been abandoned. strong chapters with questions and The English authorities fear Moslem lesson-aim the subject of Steward- fanaticism. Afghans have shown an ship is defined, both as regards the interest in Christianity, the Bible has acquisition and the use of money, long been translated into Pushtu and as well as the matter of giving and converts have been won, but it yet tithing and the possibilities and re- remains to possess the land. The book wards of stewardship for the indi- is an unusually interesting story of vidual and the local church. The the Afghans, and experiences among quotations facing the chapter-head- them. Afghanistan is one of the lands ings furnish the reader with some of that needs to be besieged by prayers. the best things ever written on giv- ing and sacrifice for the kingdom, DAYBREAK IN TURKEY. By James L. Bar- while the list of literature on the ton, D.D. Iliustrated, 8vo, 294 pp. $1.50. Pilgrim Press, Boston. 1909. subject by other writers, among them Strong, Murray, Matt and This is a timely volume, not because Schauffler, invites further study. The it describes the causes, course, or out- book is a challenge to rearrange our come of the new regime in Turkey, acquisitions, activities and expendi- but largely because a student of affairs tures in the light of the great com- in that empire describes conditions mission and the unparalleled oppor- and progress of civilization there be- tunities of the hour. There are fore the new constitution was pro- wonderful examples of consecrated claimed. The missionaries have been givers and gifts; of pastors who working to redeem the land and the realized that they were the shep- people for nearly a century, and the herds and not the ewe-lambs of their world is just waking up to see some flocks; and of church revivals that of the results. The description of began by faithful stewardship. Study these picturesque and determined fol- this book and you will see that "the lowers of Mohammed is worth read- annual offering plan for Foreign ing, and the history of Christian effort Missions is an affront to God," and for the enlightenment of their fanat- that "all financial church problems icism and the reclaiming of their are at bottom problems of spiritual characters and service is full of fas- temperature." The facts here given cination. The concluding chapter is are good fuel for cold churches.

the only one that deals with the new ISLANDS OF THE PACIFIC. By James M. Turkey uncler the constitution, but the Alexander. Illustrated. 12mo, 369 pp.

whole volume will shed much light on Second edition. $1.50. American the natural and supernatural causes Tract Society, New York. 1909.

that have led to "Daybreak in Tur- Students of history and present-day key." politics tell us that the Pacific is to STEWARDSHIP AND MISSIONS. By Charles be the. great theater of world move- A. Cook. 16mo, 170 pp. 7S cents. ments in the near future. The islands American Baptist Publication Society, are becoming more and more impor- Boston. 1908. tant to the great nations, and the work The author of several earlier book- of Christian missions is being put to lets on systematic giving and church the test. For this reason, if for no finances has here given a mission other, the revision and republication of study text-book on Christian Stew- Dr. Alexander's book, at a reduced ardship which will be welcomed by price, is most timely.

a larger circle than that of his own This has long been the best mission- denomination. He holds that the ary book on the islands of the Pacific. The picturesque natural scenery and NEW YORK CHARITIES DIRECTORY. An Auprimitive peoples in their savagery, thoritative, Classified, and Descriptive idolatry and degradation of these Directory to the Philanthropic, Educaislands are set forth in contrast to the tional, and Religious Resources of the changed conditions brought about by City of New York, including the Borthe Gospel of Christ. The stories of onghs of Manhattan, the Bronx. Hawaii, Pitcairn, Tahiti, and the Fiji Brooklyn, Queens, and Richmond: islands are romantic and wonderful in Compiled by B. R. Hurd. 18th edition. the extreme. The book is incomplete 16mo, xxiy-813 pp. $1.00. Charity for lack of an index. Organization Society, New York. 1908.

O-HEART-SAN-A JAPANESE GIRL. By THE CLAIMS AND OPPORTUNITIES OF THE Helen E. Haskell. Illustrated in col- CHRISTIAN MINISTRY. A Series of ors. 12mo, 129 pp. $1.00. L. C. Page Pamphlets Edited by John R. Mott. & Co., Boston. 1908. 16mo, SO cents a set, postpaid. Y. M. C. A. Press, 124 East 28th St., New Foreigners, especially Asiatics, have York. 1908. a fascination of their own, and Miss Haskell's story of "O-Heart-San, the THIRTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Beautiful, 'and Haru, the young Prince COUNCIL OF MISSIONS COOPERATING WITH Imperial," are no exception. It is not THE CHURCH OF CHRIST IN JAPAN. 16mo, a missionary book, but a tale for chil- 67 pp. The Publications Committee of dren-a simple, entertaining, prettily the Council. 1908. published story that will at least awaken sympathy for the brothers A STANDARD BIBLE DICTIONARY. Edited by and sisters across the Pacific who are Melancthon W. Jacobus, D.D., Edward being ill used in California. E. Nourse, D.D., and Andrew C. Ze- nos, D.D., in Association with Ameri- THE LITTLE EGYPTIAN COUSIN. By Blanche can, British, and German Scholars. McManus. Illustrations and maps. xxiii-920 pp. $6.00, net. Funk & Wagnalls Com- THE LITTLE GRECIAN COUSIN. By Mary pany, New York. 1909. F. Nixon-Roulet. 12mo, 141 pp. 60 cents each. L. C. Page & Co., Bos- HOME MISSION HANDICRAFT. By Lina and ton. 1908. Adelia B. Beard. Paper, 12mo, 140 pp. SO cents. Charles Scribner's Sons, New These attractive stories for children York. 1908. of about twelve years describe the lives of children of other lands. They THE PREACHER-HIS PERSON, MESSAGE, AND are well told and have a mission in METHOD. By Arthur S. Hoyt. 8vo, 380 strengthening the bonds between the pp. $1.50, net. Macmillan Company, girls and boys of the wide world. New York. 1909. They do not always distinguish between truth ancl superstition in the THE TRAILERS-A NOVEL. By Ruth Little accounts of religious customs ancl be- Mason. 12mo, 365 pp. $1.20, net. liefs. Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. 1909. NEW BOOKS SIDELIGHTS ON CHINESE LIFE. By the Rev. MISSIONS IN THE PLAN OF THE AGES. By William Owen Carver, M.A., Th.D. J. MacGowan. $3.75. J. B. Lippincott 12mo. $1.25, net. Fleming H. Revell Co., New York. 1908. COmpany, Philadelphia. 1909.

INTRODUCTION TO CElIUSTIAN MISSWNS. By LIFE IN THE WORD. By Philip Mauro. Thomas Cary Johnson. 12mo, 220 pp. 16mo, 110 pp. SO cents, net. Fleming Presbyterian Committee of Publica- H. Revell Co., New York. 1909. tion, Richmond, Va. 1908. PERU-IrS STORY, PEOPLE, AND RELIGION. WITH THE AFGHANS. By Claude Field, By Geraldine Guinness. Illustrated. M.A. Illustrated. 12mo, 221 pp. 8vo, 438 pp. $2.50, net. Fleming H. 3s, 6d, net. Marshall Bros., Ltd., Lon- Revell Co, New York. 1909. don. 1908. CHRISTIAN EpOCH-MAKERS. By Henry C. GLIMPSES OF INDIAN LIFE. By Henrietta Vedder. 368 pp. $1.20, net, postpaid. S. Streatileld. 12mo, 171 pp. l1arshall American Baptist Publication Society, Bros., Ltd., London. 1908. Philadelphia. 1909.

THE CONVERTED CATHOLIC. Edited by Rev. James A. O'Connor. Volume XXV. January to December, 1908. 8vo, 380 pp. James A. O'Connor, New York. 1908.

TRUSTING AND TOILING ON ISRAEL'S BEHALF. Edited by Samuel Hinds Wilkinson. Volume 14, 1908. 8vo, 196 pp. Mild- may Mission to the Jews Bookstore, London. 1908.