The Missionary Review of the World — November 1939

1939

The Wonderful Story of Pitcairn Island Harry A. Forbes China in the Present Crisis Views of Mission Boards, Chinese and Others Every Woman Enlisted for Christ Janie W. McGaughey The War and the Churches in Europe Adolf Keller The Outlook for the American Indian G. E. E. Lindquist, David Owl and Others The Christian Attitude to Hinduism J. F. Edwards 2S Cents a Copy $2.50 a Year

to Remember KINDERGARTEN AT HOME which was begun by Mr. Bagby fifty-

eight years ago. October 27-29 – Annual Meeting of FaSCinating Play-Work For Your Child the Board of Home Missions of the Mrs. Luke W* . *Bi*ckel, widow of Congregational and C h r i s t ian Easily solves "WbaHo-do-Now" problems. Keeps Churches, to be held in the Second your child happily. profitably occnpied. Includes all Captain Bickel, formerly commander Congregational Church, Waterbury, materials and plans developed by child traininf experts of a Baptist mission boat in the Japan Conn., in conjunction with the meet- at world-famed Calvert Scbool. Cost is low. Praised Inland Sea, died last April. She ac- ing of the New En~lB;nd Region!11 by thousands-parents and educators. Write, companied her husband on his mis- Committee of the MIssIOns CouncIl. today for FREE booklet-"How You Can Edu- sionary voyages for twenty years. cate Your Child At Home." October 27-29 – National Council of Canon F. E*. H*ow*itt, after long Young Men's Christian Associa- DONALD WELLS GOODRICH, Headmaster, tions. Detroit, Mich. CALVERT SCHOOL, 1811 E. Tnlcany Rd•• Baltimore. Mt service in the Church of England in Canada, died in Hamilton, Ontario, on November 5-12 – International Pro- ing to return to Egypt as soon as August 25. He was best known as a phetic Conference un~er the .aus- sailing can be arranged, has been very effective Bible teacher at Chris- pices of the Moody BIble Institute elected secretary of the Egypt Mis- tian conferences. of Chicago, Mecca Temple, New sion. In this office he succeeds C. C. York. Adams, D.D., of Cairo. * * …

November 10-13-International Good- Rev. William* *Nor*man Cook, of Mrs. R. M. Mateer, M.D., an hon- will ·Congress. Hotel Schroeder, orably retired missionary from the Milwaukee, Wis. Knoxville, Tenn., has been elected Di- Shantung Mission of the Presbyterian rector of Young People's Work of the Church in the U. S. A., died in Tsing- November 14 – Federal Council of Southern Presbyterian Church, to suc- tao, China, September 12. Madge Churches, Committee on Religion ceed Dr. Wallace Alston. Mr. Cook Dickinson was born in Shiremans- and Health. has had a wide experience in Young town, Pa., April 4, 1860, was grad- People's Conferences. uated from Otterbein University, November 19 – Men and Missions Westerville, Ohio, in 1881, and from Sunday. The theme: "I am come Dr. E. C. S*obr*epe*na, of Manila, the Homeopathic Medical College in that they might have life." A man- Cleveland in 1886. Three years later ual containing material on this has resigned as Executive Secretary she went to China as a medical mis- theme will contain messages from of the Philippine Federation of Evan- sionary in Weihsien in the Shantung John R. Mott, Robert E. Speer and gelical Churches that he may devote Mission and after two years became other missionary statesmen. his time fully to the Union College of the wife of the Rev. Robert McCheyne Manila and to the United Church of Mateer, D.D. November 24-25 – Annual Meeting, Manila. Rev. Eusebio M. Manuel, United Stewardship Council. St. District Superintendent of the Pam- For many years Mrs. Mateer had Louis, Mo. panga-South Tarlac District of the charge of the training of Bible wom- Methodist Episcopal Church, has been en; she organized several schools and December 10 – Universal Bible Sun- appointed to fill Dr. Sobrepena's place. had the oversight of hundreds of day. He was formerly District Sunday country and city girls. Her knowl- School Secretary and headed the com- edge of medicine made her a great Personal Items mittee that revised the Pamangan help in training Chinese women as Bible. Several times he was dean of nurses and social workers. After she Horace Grant Underwood, the Institutes for Young People. was honorably retired in 1933 she made her home in Tsingtao, where she first third generation missionary to … … … spent her time teaching hygiene in the schools and translating books for enlist for work in Korea, sailed from The Rev. Gerould R. Goldner, an children and nurses. San Francisco, July 28. His father, evangelical missionary in Palestine who was captured by Bedouin tribes- … '" * Horace Underwood, went to the field men and held for ransom in July, was released on July 24 on payment of a Mrs. Abigail Townsend Luffe, betin 1912, 27 years after his own fa- ter known as "Sister Abigail," died part of the rans…om… de.m.. anded. on May 30. One of her most famous ther, Horace G. Underwood, had gone tracts, "Little Is Much When God Is (in 1885); now 27 years late~ the Andrew Gih, Chinese evangelist, in It," gives some of the remarkable expects to be in the United States this answers to prayer she experienced. third Horace Underwood has enhsted, fall, and is open for engagements to Mrs. Luffe was born in Devonshire, although the Presbyterian Board's de- speak. England, on June 9, 1859, the daugh- ter of John Townsend, an evangelist. cision to abandon educational work in Obituary Notes (Concluded on page 481.) Korea prevents him from undertaking Dr. William B. Bagby, pioneer and founder of Baptist work in Brazil, Witlo.theuse work under this Board. He has there- died recently. Dr. Bagby was espe- . 01 this Coawse•…,ery fore gone out under privB;te support, cially gifted in training and org::n- " Young People'. Society mall' I izing converts. The churches WhICh eonver",cL..ink) a 6t;bgol 10_ in the hope that a way Will open for he started grew and multiplied in a Bible TraWng:' ~. remarkable way, so that today in the continued servi.c.. e to t…he Koreans. Brazilian Southern Baptist Conven- 1939 Chrisl:ian Workers' Course tion there are over 600 churches with … more than 50,000 members. There A Scriptural Stud, Each Week-52 Lessons are five colleges, two theological sem- Sir Wilfred Grenfell, who has been inaries, two missionary training A practical, effective course in methods obliged to remain in the United States schools for women, a publishing house, of Christian work and soul·winning. for three years, because of illness, has a Baptist paper, and Home and Fornow returned to Labrador. He plans eign Mission Boar~s sending. missio~­ Send 1Sc: in stamps !O.r euoeiot iiiue. to spend some time inspecting the sta- aries to unevangehzed areas In BraZIl tions which he established along the and to Portugal. There are also nu- .RISTIAN. ~UBUCAIJOl4S.1tiG coast. Sir Wilfred's home is now in merous high schools, primary and in- Charlotte, Vermont. dustrial schools, and other institutions 1502 N. Third St., Harrisburg" Pa. and agencies conducted by the Bap- … * * tists of Brazil as a result of the work Rev. Donald F. Lomas has come from a pastorate in Ridgeview, West Virginia, to become assistant editor for Young People's publications of the Presbyterian Board of Christian Education.

* … * Rev. W. P. Gilmor, of Alexandria, Egypt, now in America for health reasons with Mrs. Gilmor and expect-

MISSIONARY "The September REVIEW is a re- relate the entire story of that in-

REVIEW OF THE WORLD markably able, informing and inter- vasion. esting, a valuable contribution to the DELAVAN L. PIERSON, Editor periodical literature of missions. Con- The unoccupied fields of the Moslem gratulations on this and preceding WorId may be made clearer if we vis- VOL. LXII Nov., 1939 No. 11 issues!" DR. ARTHUR J. BROWN, ualize these little known lands by means of some of their unusually PuTblhiicradtiaonnd aRnedilyBSutssi.,neHssarrOisfbfuicrge,- Pa. Secretary Emeritus, Presby- marked stamps. Editorial and Executive Office- terian Church Board of F.M. Many missionaries are working in 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City. lands under the British flag. At the Entered as second-class matter at *** change of a sovereign, changes are Post Office, Harrisburg, Pa., under "I greatly enjoyed the October num- needed in the stamps of many colonial Act of March 3, 1879. ber. It is always worth reading, and possessions. Many beautiful designs 25 cents a copy-$2.50 a year. reading carefully." celebrated the Jubilee, the coronation Foreign Postage, 50 cents a year. and other events. History is being Published monthly, except August. DR. JOHN TIMOTHY STONE, made and may be made impressive All rights reserved. Copyrighted 1939. Presbyterian Theological Sem- by use of this material. British agents – Marshall, Morgan and Scott, 12 Paternoster Buildings, inary, Chicago. The mission field is the world. Mr. London, E. C. 1 shilling per copy, and Mrs. Albert C. Norton are mak- 10 shillings a year. *** ing it their business to collect foreign stamps relating to stations and mis- MISSIONARY REVIEW PUB- "Your magazine has been a great sionary agencies, arranging them for LISHING CO., INC. help to me in my source theme about a major exhibit. Duplicates are made BOARD OF DIRECTORS Mohammedanism. The articles on up into packets for distribution as that subject gave me much material prizes and sale to friends of missions, ROBERT E. SPEER, President for my subject." all proceeds being devoted to mission- A. L. WARNBHUIS, Vice-President ary work. Mission groups and classes WALTER McDOUGALL, Treasurer MISS ELIZABETH MAYO. may be fostered by the use of this DELAVAN L. PIERSON, Secretary Framingham, Mass. sorted material. Boys and young peo- PAUL J. BRAIBTED ple may again be led to take new in- *** terest, give gifts and devote their SAMUEL MCCREA CAVERT lives to the service of the Master. "I love your valuable magazine and Stamps should be sent flat by regular D. J. FANT post, or well wrapped by parcel post. read it regularly at the Public Li- Stamps should be in good condition, MRS. ORRIN R. JUDD preferably with the complete post WM. B. LIPPHARD brary." A. E. HOLT, mark, or carefully soaked off the en- velope; in the case of picture post ERIC M. NORTH Public Accountant, Council cards, with the cards intact. [Mr. SAMUEL M. ZWEMEa Bluffs, Iowa. and Mrs. Albert C. Norton of 5629 Thomas Avenue, Philadelphia, are Editorial Chat *** now engaged in raising up new wit- nesses for the Gospel after having Look for an important announce- Using Stamps to Promote Missions served in the mission fields of Asia.] ment in the December REVIEW. A meeting of the Directors and of the Boys will be thrilled by the stories Obituary Notes stockholders of the Missionary Re- of missionary heroes and their advenview Publishing Company was held ture. Most boys do not like to study. (Concluded from second cover.) on October 9 at which important ac- They like ships, airplanes, marbles, tion was taken in regard to the fu- match boxes and games; they like She assisted her father in his work ture of THE REVIEW. The time is not making things, and collecting stamps and continued her interest after her yet ripe for an announcement but it of strange lands. Many so-called marriage to John Luffe. Upon his may be expected in our next issue. "mission lands" issue special stamps death in 1901 she went to Buffalo, to commemorate some important event where !!he founded the EI Nathan *** or person. They are interesting and Home for aged and invalid women. It is not too early to send Christmas attractive. gifts to missionaries in foreign lands. *** They and their children will be away A friend in Salvador sent me an from American families and friends; airmail stamp with a picture of the Mrs. J. Davidson Frame, a memmany are in isolated places and have old Spanish church at Panchimalco. little to spend on Christmas gifts- The people of this ancient town have ber of the'Iran Mission of the Preseven if there were accessible shops. recently been awakened through the byterian Church, U. S. A., died in Books, games, toys, dressgoods and work of the Holy Spirit. Resht, Iran, September 11. Grace other gifts for personal or household Jennette Murray was born in Maryuse will bring real Christmas cheer Another stamp shows a map of ville, Missouri, November 17, 1885. and will be a token of loving thought. Nicaragua which nearly caused a After studying at Wheaton College Some gifts may also add to the mis- diplomatic break with the neighbor- and Chicago Teachers' College she sionaries' efficiency and help in the ing land of Honduras. went to Iran in 1912 to serve as a training of their children. Gifts of missionary under the Presbyterian money will also be appreciated. About Another map stamp is from Bolivia. Board of Foreign Missions; three six or eight weeks should be allowed The name "Chaco" printed over the years later she was married to Dr. for gifts to reach the interior of Asia, Paraguay border shows a reason for J. Davidson Frame who was also a Africa, or the South Sea Islands; at member of the Iran Mission. le.ast six weeks for India, Burma and the recent war between these coun- Siam; four or five weeks for Alaska, tries. **• China, Korea and Japan and a month or more for Latin American countries. A fine picture of Henry M. Stanley Bishop Chong 00 Kim, of the Now also is a good time to express adorns some of the Belgian Congo Methodist Episcopal Church in Korea, Christian sympathy for Jewish and stamps. Here is an illustration for died on September 17 in Seoul at the other exiles, for lepers and other suf- a story of the great explorer's search age of 55. He was elected bishop, the ferers and for the Chinese multitudes for David Livingstone. Africa's par- only. bishop of the Korean Church, by who are destitute and afflicted. Gifts tition affords many opportunities for the Methodist General Conference in may be sent through Mission Boards. new situations. 1938. Bishop Kim was born in Seoul and was graduated from the Pierson *** To follow the history of some lands Memorial Bible School and the Meth- Our friends will be interested in one must have stamps of two or more odist Seminary. some of the recent comments received nations and mystery overprints that from readers of the MISSIONARY RE- may involve interesting search.

VIEW: There are developments in China which we may follow through the sur- charged United States stamps from Shanghai, and through the French and Japanese overprints.

We greatly prize an Ethiopian air- mail stamp from Dr. Tom Lambie. It is surcharged with the red cross and was sent during the Italian in- vasion. There are stamps that could [481 ]

by G. P

PITCAIRN ISLAND SCHOOL AND CHILDREN – DESCENDANTS OF THE "MUTINEERS OF THE BOUNTY"

Photo by G. P. Lin41ey BOATS LANDlNGAT BOUNTY BAY, PITCAIRN ISLAND, PACIFIC OCEAN VIEWS OF PITCAIRN ISLAND TODAY (See page 487) REVIB ORLD VOLUME LXII AN INTERDENOMINATIONAL REVIEW OF WORLD-WIDE CHRISTIAN PROGRESS NUMBER 11 NOVEMBER, 1939 Topics of the Times WHAT CAN CHRISTIANS DO? of a single shot. If He does not do so it must be that He has some good ultimate purpose. There The most discouraging thing about the crisis in may be some lessons that men must learn; even Europe and Asia is that most of us feel so help- men with good purposes may be depending too less to do anything about it. We are not presi- much on material weapons and may not be coopdents or statesmen or national leaders; we are erating with God.

not even important financiers or business execu- Second: Christians must realize that God is tives. We are humble citizens of the nation and love and that whatever is not motivated by unpresumably citizens of the Kingdom of Heaven. selfish love is not of God. True Christians will Last summer an international group of Chris- love even their enemies, though they may oppose tian leaders met in Switzerland to discuss the in- their enemies' purposes and acts. Christians will fluence of the Church in behalf of justice, peace be ready to forgive, as Christ forgave, and will and goodwill. seek their enemies' highest good, for "love is of Meeting under the shadow of impending war in God." Many Chinese are exhibiting this Chris- Europe, this group pronounced their convictions tian attitude toward the Japanese today. True as to the evil and futility of warfare as a means love is a sign of strength, of Godlikeness, and has of settling disputes. Might does not make right no element of fear or weakness. and the ability to fight and overcome an opponent is no proof of the justice of the victor's cause. Third: Christians will not only resist evil but War brings countless evils in its train~destruc- will work in a positive way to build up the forces tion of life and property, the release of hatred and of righteousness. They will relieve distress, as lust, the increase of poverty and suffering, the Christ relieved it, wherever possible. They.will disruption of civilized progress. And war does carry on the constructive work of education, so that the coming generation will know and love not settle disputes – the last world war offering God as He is revealed in Jesus Christ. They will convincing evidence. continue to promote the Kingdom of God and will There are four things that Christians can do earnestly seek to win men of all nations to faith in such disturbing conditions as we face today. in His Son Jesus Christ. This is being done in First: we can base all thought and action on China today, in the midst of great difficulties. faith in God and on the certain ultimate triumph Such a program will also mean more generous of His good purposes. It would be a simple thing and sacrificial support of missionary work at for Almighty God to use the material forces of home and abroad. nature and His still greater spiritual powers to Fourth: Christians will pray and will unite to defeat the evil purposes of men. An earthquake or fire could destroy a national capital, all the call others to pray-not that their own program fortifications of the frontiers, and every muni- and will may be done but that all who believe in God may be brought to see and accept His. will tions factory in any country, together with the and to obey it, whatever may be the cost. Chrismakers of unrighteous. war. This was proved tians cannot pray for victory to their own cause, more than once in the history of Israel. God could except as that may promote the wise and loving cause a panic to spread through an army and navy purposes of God. They cannot pray, first of all, and so bring about their defeat without the firing for the defeat of their enemies but they will pray [483 ]

for the defeat of the enemies of God and for the brought in over $600,000 in gate money. More expression and establishment of peace based on than twice as much is spent for intoxicants as for righteousness and in harmony with the love of church support and more is burned up in tobacco God as expressed in Jesus Christ. All this will than is given for religion and education together. naturally mean giving encouragement to every As one result crime costs us fifteen times as much one, in State, business and Church, who is work- as we give for Christian enterprises. ing for law and order; it will naturally lead to the support of the weak and ministry to those It is true that m.ost of this lavish expenditure is who are suffering. by those who have no real interest in Christ's pro- gram for the world-but not all of it. How many If this or any other crisis can arouse Christians of us are as careful about expenditures for pleasfrom a state of indifference and self-indulgence ures and luxuries as we are in our giving to G.od's and lead them to full surrender to the will of God work? Are not many Christian parents more and more complete harmony with the spirit and ready tD give their children money for a movie .or teachings of Christ as set forth in the New Tes- ice cream than for missions? Is not self-indultament, then even war and its attendant great gence more appealing to most of us than is sacrisuffering will be the means of blessing-it has at fice for the w.ork of Christ? The average church times proved such in the past. member gives $13.00 a year for all forms of Chris- tian activity sponsored by the churches. How MONEY AND MISSIONS TODAY much do we average for gifts for non-essentials?

These are difficult days for many Christian en- The difficulty seems to be threefold. First: terprises. Almost every missionary society re- the lack of a proper sense .of values; a failure to ports a deficiency of from $100,000 to $500,000. realize how the money entrusted to us can best The need is greater than ever-for new workers, be used for character building and to promote the for equipment, for relief of sufferers in war areas, things that abide, the things which are in the for the training and support of Christian workers sight of God of infinite and eternal value. Let us in mission lands. Germany and some other lands read again Christ's parables .of the talents and are not permitting money to be sent out of their the pounds. c.ountries, and as a result many missi.onaries are stranded and work is crippled materially. Twice Second: a lack .of vision and .of knowledge as as much money is spent in America for war ma- to where m.oney is most needed and where its use chinery as for religion, education and peace com- will bring the greatest blessing. In spite of w.orldbined. Great Britain is taking 370/0 of all income wide contacts thr.ough the newspaper and the for taxes to pay for war and self-defense. In radio, many of us are still pr.ovincial and self- North America taxes are increasing while in centered in our interests. A good dinner at home many lines business is declining. There is a seems more needful than food for starving Chiserious lack of money given for church support nese th.ough the same amount of money would and for evangelical work. Appeals increase but provide for them for a whole month. A new suit responses decrease. Even Christians seem to seems more needed for self than the expenditure think that, in view of present disturbed conditions of the same amount to provide clothes for a whole in Asia and Europe, the effort to proclaim the destitute and almost naked family of Christians Gospel of Christ throughout the world must be in some .other land. A Christmas celebrati.on in curtailed. America, to celebrate the c.oming of Christ into the world, l.o.oms larger than the same amount Do we not need to readjust our sense of values used for the support of His work in .obedience t.o and t.o reconsider our responsibilities? There is His command t.o carry the Gospel to the uttermost no lack of money-at least in America. The Na- part .of the earth. tional Committee for Religion and Welfare Recovery reports that our national income rose from Third: is there not great failure in Christians over forty billion dollars in 1932 to nearly sev- to practice stewardship, conscientiously and intelenty-two billion in 1937 – an increase of more ligently? Where this is done on a wide range, even by tithing-as among M.ormons and Sevenththan 79 %. During the same period gifts to Day Adventists – there is no lack of funds for mission work, and the givers are blessed with- a twenty-five large evangelical denominations, for supply for their own actual needs. If tithing all purposes, decreased from nearly $399,000,000 were adopted throughout the Christian Church, there would be no financial shortage for Christ's to about $315,000,000 a decrease of over 21 %. w.ork at home or abroad. But stewardship is more than tithing; it includes the prayerful and But at the same time there seems to be no lack c.onscientious use of all money, time and talents of money for the moving picture shows, for base- as trustees .of the manifold gifts of G.od. Many ball and football contests, and for cosmetics, alco- Christian stewards have given 25% .or 500/0 of holic drinks and tobacco and luxuries-many of them harmful. Two league baseball games

TOPICS OF THE TIMES

their income to the work of God; some have given people" in the sense that they are to be separated 9070, while they have lived on one tenth. from the world.

Do we not need today to re-examine our re- The fact that the Jews have persisted as a dissources and to readj ust them under the eye of tinct race for four thousand years-though scat- Christ Jesus, our Master, "who though He was tered, persecuted, often exiled and enslaved-this rich, for our sakes became poor that we through fact itself shows the wonderful power and stead- His poverty might become rich." fast purpose of God to fulfill His promise in them. The Arabs, the Nazis and others may rage and Money, like physical strength, physical beauty fight against God but they cannot defeat His or political power, may be a menace, to ourselves purposes. and others, if these resources are not used to carry out the loving purposes of Christ for individuals Dr. Conrad Hoffmann, Jr., Director of the Inand for the world. When money or self and per- ternational Committee on the Christian Approach sonal ambition become master they prove to be to the Jews, visited Germany last summer and hard task-masters, destructive of freedom and has written an illuminating but distressing pamhindering loving ministries. When men, or nations, become self-centered they lose their reason phlet on what he saw there. * He shows the really for existence and begin to die. Christians will agree that the resources of the world belong to remarkable material and political achievements of God, the Creator, and we know that there is the Nazi regime in the past eight years, but he enough money and manpower to carryon all the goes on to describe their antagonism to democratic work that God desires to have done in the world, governments, their hatred of the Semitic race and at home and abroad, in education, science and so- their attempt to eliminate from Nordic or Teucial progress, in national and international enter- tonic life and thought everything that is peculiar prises and in Christian missions. As has been to the worship and revelation of God as revealed said, the question is not how much of our money through Jesus Christ. With fiendish determinawe will give to God's work, but how much of God's tion the Nazi regime is seeking to exterminate the money, of which He has made us trustees, will we Jewish race and to eliminate all that is Semitic use for ourselves. or non-Aryan from Germany. Not only do pogroms seek to destroy Jews, to impoverish them ANTI-SEMITISM AND MISSIONS and deprive them of a means of livelihood, but unnameable horrors and tortures are perpetrated The Jews have never been popular with non- on them in concentration camps. Tales are told Semitic peoples. They were not popular in of German guards who have committed suicide Canaan in the days of Abraham, nor in Egypt in rather than carry out orders of torture against the days of Joseph, nor in Canaan in the days of unfortunate and helpless Hebrews. Joshua, nor in Persia in the days of Esther. They were not congenial to the Syrians or Assyrians, The immediate future is dark for the Jews of to the Babylonians, the Greeks or the Romans. Europe, but "God has not cast off His people." Since the coming of Jesus and their rejection of As Sir J. Haslam, member of the British Parlia- Him, most of the Jews have been scattered over ment, recently said in the House of Commons, the earth, generally despised and rejected by those "Palestine is the 'Promised Land.' It was promamong whom they have dwelt. Today the Jews ised by Almighty God to the Hebrews centuries are everywhere unpopular whether it be in Pales- ago and the fulfilment of His promises cannot be tine or Africa, in America or Italy, in Roumania frustrated." or Germany. Why is it? The Christian Gospel has never been popular The Jews as a race are not "good mixers." They with the Jews-never since Jesus came to earth were called out to be separated people, called to be to offer Himself as the Christ and Saviour and followers of Jehovah-God, and distinct from the as "God manifest in the flesh." Christian misidolatrous peoples among whom they dwelt. Espe- sions have never been popular since the days of cially since the Babylonian captivity they have the Apostle Paul. Since the days of Constantine been a "peculiar people," separate from other professing Christians have been largely responraces, misunderstood and often oppressed. Their sible for the antipathy of the Jews to Christianity. peculiarities and separation have fitted them espe- The "Good News," and ministry of love have not cially to be the custodians of God's message to been characteristic of those multitudes who call mankind but they have not made that message themselves by the name of Israel's Redeemer but popular. Even when Hebrews have become Chris- do not manifest His spirit and life of sacrificial tians they have continued to be "peculiar people"; service. Where Christian witnesses have done Christians also have been called to be a "peculiar this, Jews have shown a great readiness to listen and multitudes have accepted Jesus as their prom- • For private circulation, The International Missionary Council, 156 Fifth Ave., New York.

ised Messiah. Thousands of these converts are didly wrote home that he found himself among now ministers in Christian pUlpits. people "perhaps the most ignorant and wicked in the world." The present persecution of Jews – because of their race, rather than for their faith-in Ger- There are "heathen" aplenty in the U. S. A., many and Austria, in Roumania, Poland and but the Church from Pentecost down has never Italy, is proving a means of turning multitudes worked on the basis that you must have 100% of to the Christ whom their ancestors rejected. It is difficult to give adequate help to the suffering the people at home 100 % Christian before you go and exiled Jews of Europe and Palestine but Christians are earnestly attempting to give such around the corner to brighten things up there, help. bring the light of the Gospel too.

Jews are today more open to the Gospel than Why export Christianity? Well, first of all, if ever before. They are learning that there is a it isn't worth exporting, it isn't worth keeping at distinction between Jesus Christ as He is revealed home. If sewing machines, automobiles and other in the New Testament, and the view of Jesus pre- material conveniences are of great value at home, sented ,by those who are His followers in name that is why we export them to foreign lands. Shall but not in spirit. They are learning to know Him we American Christians say that our spiritual and they see that Nazis who persecute them per- riches are not worth sending abroad also? Does secute also other true followers of Christ. Jews the Marxist believe in exporting Communism? are therefore seeking comfort, refuge and Ask yourself whether you think he should be a strength in Him. "In Vienna, Bible study peri- keener missionary for his religion than you for ods and church services are crowded with anxious Christ. folk and, as a result of the terror behind and the unoertainty ahead, they have an overpowering Secondly, Christianity should be exported behunger for assurance of God." In Berlin also cause, unless we share it with others, we cannot many Bible study groups meet in private homes, keep it vital at home. Charity does begin at home, in spite of demoniac forces at work. In their but it soon degenerates into selfishness, if it ends despair "many are rediscovering God and His love at home. A glance at history will show that when as revealed in Jesus Christ." the Church had little or no interest in missions those periods were exactly when the fires of her Much more must be done by Christians for those spiritual life burned low. Conversely, whenever afflicted people – both materially and spiritually. the vivifying Spirit of God has stirred the Church, "Apart from Jesus Christ, there is no cure for its members have inevitably been moved to share anti-Semitism." The time will come when the with others their treasures in Christ. Further- Israelites will "look on Him whom they pierced." more, every sincere effort to pass on to others the Then they will turn to Him for life and will be- blessings of Christian discipleship has had the come missionaries of their Christ to others-even effect of quickening the spiritual life of those who to their enemies and His. thus sought to bear witness. The Divine paradox is true, "He that saveth his life shall lose it: but * SHALL WE STILL SEND MORE he that loseth his life for my sake shall save it." MISSIONARIES? We increase our faith by giving it away!

Why should we send American missionaries to A very familiar sight in the fields of China are the heathen of other lands? the shrines of the gods of the earth, to whom the farmer looks for a successful crop. Tsang's little "Are there not heathen enough at home?" some- god, however, is not concerned with the fortunes one is .apt to inquire. The obvious answer would of Li, whose rice fields adjoin his, and both Tsang seem to be, "More than enough! But why bring and Li can starve to death for all that Pao's god that up?" Were there not plenty of heathen left cares. How does this petty conception of deity in Syria and Jerusalem when St. Paul, braving differ in essence from the attitude of the Christian every hardship, carried the Gospel to imperial who seems to think that God is an American, or Rome? And were there not plenty of heathen an Aryan, and not particularly interested in His in Rome when St. Augustine and his fellow other children of other races? monks, following earlier missionaries to Britain, brought the faith of Christ to our uncouth If we say that the Christian religion is not worth ancestors at Canterbury? There certainly re- giving to the heathen, it is not worth keeping for mained plenty of heathen in England when the ourselves. Our whole attitude will change when Christian missionaries came to our forebears in Christ is really for us the Saviour of the world. the American colonies. One such missionary can- Then nothing can rob us of the determination to share with our brethren in every land the joy of * From "Vhy Export Christianity?" a brief guide issued by The companionship with God and man, within the supernatural and world-wide fellowship of His Forward Movement Commission of the Protestant Episcopal Church. Church.

Strange Story of Pitcairn Island*

Mutineers of UThe Bounty" and Their Descendants Today (See Frontispie~e) -'~!,; I====B=Y=H=A=R=R=Y=A=.=FO=R=B=E=S=,=M=.A=·===;;;;;;;;;;!JII.- I N THE latter half of t4e Eighteenth Century, Meanwhile, Bligh and his party, after many Great Britain and other countries, stirred by dangers and hardships, fortunately managed to Captain Cook's voyages of discovery, sent out reach Australian waters, and got back to England other expeditions, if possible to secure some of in Dutch vessels. Arrangements were at once the numerous island-groups that stud the Pacific made to send to Tahiti to arrest the mutineers Ocean. there. In March, 1791, therefore, H.M.S. Pan- In 1787, ten years after Cook's death, the Brit- dora, under Captain Edwards, arrived in Tahiti, ish Government equipped, with this object, a small and took away all the officers and crew left there vessel called The Bounty, with forty-five officers by Christian. These men were treated by Cap- and men, under Lieut. Bligh (who had served for tain Edwards (before their trial) as condemned four years with Captain Cook). Bligh was an felons; and on the voyage home were handcuffed able and experienced officer, and manacled, nearly starved; but was unfortunately very they were obliged to sleep on irritable and suspicious in Many are familiar with the story of bare boards, and otherwise character, harsh in his treat- the famous mutiny of the "Bounty" subjected to every indignity- ment of his men, and addicted which took place in 1789. In recent though some of them were years a new interest has been awakened to bad language. He thus be- through the publication of the highly innocent. In 1792 the priscame unpopular, with both the fictionized accounts of Nordorf and oners, having reached Engofficers and the crew; and it Hall dealing with this subject, and land, were court-martialed; is not surprising that the through the movies. These writers ta~e three of them were con- seeds of a mutiny were sown no cognizance of t~e Christian influ- demned and executed, the rest on the voyage to the Pacific. ences that molded the later life of the being exonerated and re- little colony of the mutineers' descend- leased. In April, 1789, in the neigh- ants on lonely Pitcairn's Island. The borhood of the Friendly Is- following account of the mutiny and *** lands, the mutiny came to a what followed appeared in The Chris- After 1e a v i n g Tahiti, head, and Bligh and some of tian and is an authoritative account of Fletcher Christian and his the officers and crew were the incident based upon the "Mutiny men, with the T a hit ian s, forced into a launch and sent of the Bounty," by Lady Belcher. The found Pitcairn, a small, isoadrift to shift for themselves article illustrates, in a remarkable way, lated, rocky, dangerous, and the power of the Word of God to mold as best they could. Fletcher and shape the life of a people. uninhabited island, where they Christian, the mate, and the settled, in 1790. The Bounty, leader of the mutiny, then after being cleared of every- took charge of The Bounty, and after some adven- thing that might be useful to the islanders, was tures reached Tahiti in the Society Islands, the burnt and sunk, lest she might betray the hiding- natives of which were quite friendly. Fearful of place to some passing vessel. Christian mapped being discovered by some British vessel, Chris- out the island in nine lots, each of the Englishmen tian would not remain there, but determined to having one lot. For three years they managed to sail off, and find some uninhabited island where get on together under the command of Christian, he could settle, and spend the remainder of his who had certainly some ability as a leader, and days in safe seclusion. Eight of the mutineers who maintained his authority and respect as long went with him, also a number of Tahitian natives as he lived. But among the outlaws (as they now -men, women and children. Those who pre- really were), there were some desperadoes who ferred to remain in Tahiti, some bad characters treated the Tahitians with injustice and inhu- being among them, raised feuds with the natives, manity. This led to reprisals and revenge, with and quarrels with each other, which led to out- fighting and murder. The Tahitians hatched a rage and murder. plot for the massacre of all the Englishmen on *** the island, which, however, was betrayed to the * Condensed from The Evan.aelical Ohristian. latter by the Tahitian wives they had married.

[487 ]

The racial war went on until several of the muti- Before the Bounty was sunk, everything that neers, including Christian himself (who was shot while cultivating his garden), and all the Tahitian might be of use was taken ashore and preserved. men were killed. Then the mutineers quarrelled with one another; and what between murder and Among the rest were a Bible and a Prayer Book, suicide, only two of the mutineers, Mr. Young and Mr. Smith, were left. Young died of asthma, and found in the kit of one of the seamen, which had Smith (who, to elude identification, took the name of John Adams), was, in 1800, the sole surviving been put there by his mother on bidding him mutineer on the island. goodbye. Perhaps there was some debate as to *** whether it was worth while to save this; but, as For twenty years these people were lost to civilization. No one knew where they were, or what there was probably no other reading matter on had become of them. Speculation at home, very active at first, died away. The French Revolution ttihaenishliamnsd~lft,hisitmaapypehaarvse, decided the point. Chriswars had been raging for several years, and Brit- used to study this Bible ain had neither time nor ships to spare for further search. At last, in 1808, the islanders were acci- until his death. It was then studied by Adams, dentally discovered by an American vessel; by which time an extraordinary transformation had and it doubtless led to his conversion; and was taken place in the little community. Adams, the sole survivor of the mutineers, was looked up to by him taught to the rest of the little community, as. "guide, philosopher and friend," and all his subjects-so to speak-were living in peace, har- with the very remarkable results which were seen mony and goodwill. There was no quarrelling nor disputing, no strong language nor angry words in their character and conduct, which were truly were heard in the island. Vice seemed to be unknown to the islanders, who were, one and al), apostolic. In fact, Pitcairn Island has been com- God-fearing, happy and innocent. pared to the Garden of Eden before the Fall, and The American captain, Folger, wrote home telling of his surprising discovery, and praising it seems to have come as near to that realization Smith for his "excellent moral and religious training of the little community." Curiosity was again as human nature is capable of. roused in England, and the newspapers teemed with the story. But Britain's hands were still The evidence of this is taken, not from anything tied by war and the menace of Napoleon, and no further steps were taken to communicate with the islanders themselves have said or written, nor the little colony. At length, in 1812 (and once more by accident), Pitcairn was rediscovered by from any second-hand information; nor is it contwo British frigates, under Captain Staines and Captain Pipon. Two young men who approached fined to a few years. It is taken from the accounts in a canoe were welcomed on board by Captain Staines, who was much struck by their modest given by a succession of different naval officers and respectful manners. The elder youth was twenty-four, the son of Fletcher Christian by his (including a Lord High Admiral), who visited the Tahitian wife. His companion was eighteen. Refreshments were prepared for the boys by the cap- island through a period of over forty years; whose tain in his own cabin, but "before sitting down they folded their hands and repeated the usual testimony as to the character of the islanders is, short grace; and at the conclusion, another; which, they said, had been taught them by. their from first to last, unanimous. revered pastor, John Adams. Strange to WItness the simple, earnest piety of these young Chris- Captain Pipon asked Adams if he would like to tians, living so far from all civilized lands, and in the vicinity of islands whose people were sunk return to England, and was "greatly surprised" in heathen barbarism, and some of them addicted to cannibalism." to hear him reply that he would; for Adams knew *** perfectly well that, having favored the mutiny, and followed Christian, he would certainly be court-martialed; and that sentence of death could be the only verdict. Pipon then offered him a free passage for himself, and his wife and family, which he certainly would have accepted, were it not for the consternation, the lamentations, and the tears, not only of his wife and family, but of the whole community, when they heard of the proposal to deprive them of their beloved "pas- tor" and leader, now a man of God. "I never,"

wrote Captain Pipon, "witnessed a scene so truly affecting. To have taken him from the circle of such friends, would ill become a feeling heart; would indeed, have been an outrage on humanity."

As to the islanders-"far beyond their personal grace, was their modesty and 'gentle behavior.

Each person considered that whatever he pos- sessed was for the general good, so that there was no difficulty in settling disputes; and if hasty words were ever uttered, the offender was only too ready to make ample amends."

*** Twelve years later (in 1825), Captain Beechy, commanding H.M.S. Blossom, touched at the island; "and his residence of three weeks con- firmed the statements of the former visitors. . . .

THE STRANGE STORY OF PITCAIRN ISLAND

Sunday was observed with remarkable strictness, In 1851 Pitcairn was visited by Admiral Moand there were altogether five services in the day. resby, Commander-in-Chief of the Pacific Station. All preparations for meals were made the day be- This was the first time an officer of such high rank fore." Adams spent a few days on board the had come to the island, and there was therefore Blossom, "and (writes the Captain) the old man great excitement. The Admiral's son and secrenever failed to rise early to perform his devotions tary, Mr. Fortescue Moresby, in a letter home, in some retired corner, and the same when re- thus describes the visit: "Never were seen so tiring to rest at night." many happy, smiling faces, eager to look at the first admiral that had ever visited their happy Adams died in 1829, aged sixty-five, loved, re- island; but not one tried to push his way or make vered, and lamented by all his flock, "having suc- any attempt to get before another. . . . There is ceeded in establishing what has been the dream not one of the girls in whose face good humor, of poets and the aspiration of philosophers." His virtue, and amiability does not beam. It was now place was taken by George N obbs, a godly man, (Sunday) church-time. Mr. Nobbs officiated, and who, having visited the island in 1828 and seen the most solemn attention was paid by all. They the lovable little community, begged to be allowed sang two hymns in magnificent style, and really to remain and help Adams in his pastoral and I never heard any church singing in any part of scholastic work. He proved a most excellent the world, that could equal it, except at cathedrals. successor. (They had been taught by a skilled musician, who But there is no Eden without a serpent; and in THE GRAVE OF FLETCHER CH,RISTIAN-ON THE HILLSIDE 1832, one, Joshua Hill, arrived, and completely ABOVE THE HOUSES hoodwinked the simple-minded community by assuring them that he came by order of the British had been accidentally left for a while on the island Government to take over the management of the by a visiting vessel.) The evening service was island and act for the benefit of its people. He conducted by Mr. Holman, the admiral's chaplain. turned out to be a scheming imposter, and for a . . . That evening I took a walk with them up the time, by means of promises, bribes and threats, mountains. We conversed on the sermons and he was able to make himself complete dictator- other subjects, and I was quite astounded at their framing laws, building a prison, acting as judge, intelligence and the answers they gave. . . . One jury and jailer, and expelling from the island of the girls is very clever, and can repeat a good Nobbs and others who questioned his bona fides. deal of Milton. All the time the stream of fun It was not until 1838, some letters from the and laughter was uninterrupted, but their deislanders having reached the authorities at home, meanor is so virtuous, modest and natural, while that this insolent dissembler was unmasked and they show so much affection, that I could not help deported to Valparaiso, after which he is heard of feeling quite a love towards them all; and I feel no more. Delivered from this scourge and terror, convinced that the most hard-hearted villain and the islanders recalled Nobbs and the other exiles, the greatest reprobate must loathe himself and and gave them an enthusiastic reception; and detest his own sins, in contemplating the high then settled down again to the simple and happy moral standard to which these simple islanders life which had been so rudely interrupted. have attained. The delight and pleasure our com- pany seemed to give them could hardly be be- Passing vessels found them strictly honest in lieved." their barterings, never adding to the price in seasons of privation or scarcity. "The respect which *** those rough merchant men and whalers felt for the Pitcairners was such, that one sailor declared that 'if any insult were to be offered to any of them, and especially to the women, a man would not live long.' "

In 1849 we have Captain Wood of H.M.S. Pandora confirming the accounts given by the previous visitors: "I cannot but add my testimony to those who have gone before me as to the excellent moral and religious character of these people. Evil and crime seem unknown among them. . . . All of them have the most engaging expression of countenance I ever saw. . . . The most charming modesty characterizes all their actions. I felt more regret in parting with the Pitcairn Islanders than I had in parting with anyone since leaving England."

The departure of the visitors is thus described: aged ten, who followed him after three weeks, is "On our last day, when 2 p. m. came, the scene told by Lady Belcher, who also records their last was too affecting. Never in my life have I seen words: "My earnest desire is to depart and be anything to equal it. The whole of the kind, affec- with Christ," and – "Lord Jesus, receive my tionate people crying, the girls clinging round us, spirit."

begging us to come back again soon. One big, Further – though foreign missions to the stout fellow came and said: 'God bless you, Sir,' heathen were then in their infancy (at least in and he kissed me. I could not have believed that Polynesia) two of the Islanders were martyred a few days would have made me feel such an affec- on a missionary voyage with their Bishop, to the tion for any single person, much less for a great savages of the neighboring islands.

number, as I did for them. But so it is; their *** honest, pure, virtuous character produced an im- The secular press rarely pays any attention to moral, let alone spiritual virtues. It is therefore all the more significant that we can point to the Argus, a New South Wales newspaper (of Syd- ney) , for corroboration of the foregoing character of the Pitcairners. "Recent visitors declare that drunkenness, the use of bad language, and sim- ilar vices, are absolutely unknown among the Pit- cairn people. The excellence of their lives, and the harmony in which they dwell together, has surprised everyone that has touched at the island, and we have met rough sea captains and hard- headed merchants from California-most unlikely people in fact-who declared the Utopian condi- PhOto by G. P. LAndZe!! tion of the island to have been such that they fell quite in love with virtue while they stayed there, MRS. ADA CHRISTIAN AND HER GRANDDAUGHTER IN COOK HOUSE ON PITCAIRN r.SLAND and felt strongly tempted to throw money to the pression that can never be effaced. . . . The part- dogs, and to remain and become good among the ing with the men was worse almost than with the descendants of the 'Bounty' mutineers." (Date girls; to see big, stout fellows crying, and hardly not given.) able to look up, was too much. All the officers In this year (1856), Mr. Augustus Robinson, were deeply affected, and I saw some of the men "a gentleman held in the highest esteem," after nearest me, old, hardy seamen, and big marines, two months' residence in Pitcairn, wrote to a not only wipe away a tear, but regularly crying. friend, "I can easily imagine that they must have . . . As the image of the Saviour is found in their been superlatively happy on Pitcairn. Their mod- hearts in this world, so we may earnestly hope esty of demeanor, urbanity of manner, affection- that they will belong peculiarly to Him in the ate disposition, and personal appearance, have next. No profligate has ever been known to prac- won for them the esteem and admiration of all tice his vicious courses in this island." who have visited them. I never witnessed any- *** thing approaching to ill-feeling or anger among them; and the passage of Scripture, inculcated In 1852, Mr. Nobbs came to England, and was into their minds by old John Adams, 'never to ordained chaplain of Pitcairn Island, and was allow the sun to go down upon their wrath,' has granted a stipend of £50 a year. Before return- become so completely a part of their duty, that I ing he was presented to Queen Victoria, who gave was informed by Mr. Nobbs, they might often be him a portrait of herself. seen in the evening issuing from one another's houses to make up any recrimination that had While absent, his place had been taken by the taken place during the day." chaplain of the fleet, who, writing to the Admiral about the Pitcairners, said, "I have seen no in- One is not so ignorant of human nature as to stance whatever of disagreement or ill-temper, imagine or imply that these people were perfect. but on the contrary, everything is done in peace Of course they had their faults and failings, their and good-will." This, it will be noted, was said disputes and quarrels; but they were not inocuforty years after the testimony of Captain Staines lated with the virus of European and American (1812) . "civilization."

Evidence of the spiritual as well as the moral No, the Pitcairn people were not perfect; yet character of the Islanders, is equally cogent. The the only charge of that kind brought among them touching death of Mr. Nobbs's son, and of a boy . was brought by themselves. "We have all our

PITCAIRN ISLAND AS IT IS TODAY

weak points in common with the rest of man- were transferred to Norfolk Island, lying about kind"; wrote Dorcas Young in a letter to the 300 miles east of Australia. This transference Admiral. "The fruit of Adam's Fall is here vis- was a very bitter pill, as all of the Islanders had ible, too. Natural inborn sin is here, as well as in been born on Pitcairn, and all their lost loved ones other parts of this wide world. Believe me, my lay buried there. dear Admiral, when I tell you that we are all alive to our faults; and we know that we are far For a long time there was little or no change in short of what we ought to be. We know, too, that the moral character of the people. "Fifteen years we must be strengthened and renewed day by day have elapsed," writes Lady Belcher, in 1870, "since with more light and wisdom from on high, or else the removal from Pitcairn, and the Colonists have, we must be and are utterly undone." during this period, evinced the same simplicity of manners and conduct, the same honest adherence *** to truth and uprightness in their dealings, for which they were distinguished in their own little By this time the colony had increased to 194, island." A few families returned to Pitcairn and they could not hope to continue on an island Island, and their descendants are there to this day. only one mile by two. In 1856, therefore, they Pitcairn Island as It Is Today By GWEN M. JUDGE, Visiting Missionary MIDWAY between New Zealand and Pan- Pitcairn teachers; but, on the recommendation of ama, Pitcairn Island, a tiny, rugged speck the High Commissioner of the Western Pacific of land, two miles long and one mile wide, under whom the local government operates, a raises its head 1,100 feet in lonely isolation. The qualified teacher and his wife came from Ausromantic history of its settlement by the Mutineers of the Bounty with their Tahitian wives Photo 1>y G. P. Lindley and associates one hundred and fifty years ago, MRS. ANDREW C. YOUNG AND HER DAUGHTERS. has been given world-wide publicity by pen and DEBORAH AND VANDA picture. Not all that has been written and shown is strictly authentic, according to the traditions tralia to take charge of the school work. The held by the best informed people on the island. present enrolment of the school is forty-three, The popUlation is now 22'0, though about 20 of comprising children from six to sixteen years of them are visiting in New Zealand and Tahiti. age. Pitcairn is in touch with the world through passing ships, by correspondence and the radio. Though several of the Mutineers appear to have Rarely a week passes that some freight or pas- been men of strong character, it was not till John senger ship does not make the twenty-five-mile Adams, the only Englishman left after the orgy detour from its course to visit the island. Always of murderous bloodshed, became conscious of the with enthusiasm the islanders set out from Bounty Bay in their 35-foot boats to meet the approaching vessels and to bring fruit and curios which are sold to the passengers or are exchanged for food and clothing. Incoming mail and cargo are transferred to the island boats for distribution to the isolated islanders. About a year ago they were delighted with the gift of a powerful radio. Night after night Pitcairn dwellers may now hear the news of the world and the voice of the licensed amateur Pitcairn operator, Andrew Young, is heard in different parts of the world- "VR6AY Pitcairn Island calling!"

The language generally used on Pitcairn is an imperfect English which, when talking. among themselves, is often mixed with localisms which are unintelligible to outsiders. For many years the education of the children was carried on by

great spiritual need of the survivors who looked ing the requirements of the Christian life – reto him as their leader, that any religious life was pentance, forgiveness, faith, truth and love; the seen in the community. God used that man juniors are following the children of Israel in mightily as, with Bible and Prayer Book, he led their wilderness wanderings. The wee tots are the growing population in Bible study and in seek- taught simple Bible stories with the aid of picture ing to find and follow the Way of Life. The rolls, a sand tray and other illustrative material. Church of England form of worship was observed down through the years until about fifty years A regular church service is held at 11 a. m. and ago when the islanders joined the Seventh-day in the afternoon a meeting is conducted by and Adventists. Today the majority of the adults are for the young people. A missionary meeting is church members, and some of the men and women held each Monday evening at which letters of inare of sterling character and deep Christian ex- terest are read and encouragement is brought perience. from pen friends in different parts of the world, or from articles from Christian papers telling of Missionaries come from Australia· every few the triumphs of the Gospel in lands afar. Early years and stay from six to twelve months. In the every Tuesday morning a number of Islanders asinterim the religious activities are carried on semble for united Bible study and prayer. under the leadership of the elders; Mr. Ward, the school teacher; and Mr. Fred Christian, a great- Though far removed from many attractions and grandson of Fletcher Christian, the leader of the temptations of the outside world – such as the Mutiny. movies, the hotel bar, the dance hall, and the race course-Pitcairn is not beyond the reach of the On each Sabbath morning practically the entire enemy of righteousness, and, as elsewhere, some community, from great-grandparents to infants, in their weakness fall beneath his attacks. May attend the Sabbath School where division leaders we ask readers to pray that all on Pitcairn may review the Bible lessons studied at home during become "more than conquerors through Him that the week. This year the senior division is study- loved us."

"THE MEEK SHALL INHERIT THE EARTH"-IN CHINA The following story from China, (told again in The Sunday School Times, illustrates the truth of Christ's promise to "the meek";- A vagrant named Li K'ai-fan seized a small piece of land belonging to a Christian named Chen that he might use it as a kitchen-garden for himself. "According to justice," writes Chen, "I should have taken him to court where he would have been punished according to law. I did not wish to quarrel with people, yet coul d I let him rob me of my land? I prayed about the affair for three days, after which the Holy Spirit led me to see that I should have no quar- rel with worldly people. So I presented him with the land, taking a writing to his home and, in his presence, with witnesses, made over to him a perpetual deed. Li's conscience smote him, and he was unwilling to receive it, but I insisted.

"Later the Reds compelled Li K'ai-fan to become commander of the surrounding country- side. Under his command were the Red troops called 'The Groping for Melons Society' (an expression for chopping off heads) and 'The Society for Taking Captives for Ransom.' All officials were to be executed, and I would have been no exception. But Commander Li gave secret orders that no one was to molest me, and that if any soldiers passed my home they should go quietly so as not to alarm me. He said, as I heard later, that this man Chen was a right- eous man.

"If, when Li had seized my land, I had gone to law over it, when he became Commander- in-Chief of the Reds it is certain that his head-chopping business would have begun with my head. My whole family would have had no protection, and the work of the Lord would have been greatly hindered. To believers who follow the will of the Lord all things do work together for good."

in the Present

Views of Mission Boards, Chinese and Others A CRISIS is a turning point which is expected others added that great attention should be given to decide the fate of a person, a cause or a to medical work. The Y. W. C. A. specified "spir- nation. On the crisis, and the operating itual and physical reconstruction in free zones."

forces, may depend future failure or success. A Next in importance for emphasis in mission crisis may be a blessing, if it leads those who face work today is the physical relief of suffering Chi- it to find and use their true source of strength nese – mentioned in fourteen answers. General while they recognize and guard against weak- education work is considered third in importance, nesses and causes of failure. Many people fail to being emphasized by four societies.

recognize or to see the way out but the people of The general view is that while all mission work God have always learned valuable lessons in the is important, the greatest emphasis should be crises that have confronted them – at the Red placed on matters of eternal value. Relief should Sea, at the Jordan River, in Sennacherib's inva- be given to as many as possible in their distress sion, through Queen Esther's opportunity, in as an evidence of Christian sympathy. It is neces- Christ's call to His disciples, in Peter's visit to sary also to train men and women for Christian Cornelius, in the call of the first missionaries, in service to their fellow men. There is a great the Macedonian vision-all these were crises and change in emphasis in many missions-from edu- in each crisis there was a danger, an opportunity cation to evangelism and relief-since the beginfor advance and an evidence of trust or distrust ning of the Japanese invasion two years ago.

in God and cooperation in His program. *** The crises that exist today in China and Korea, Second: Among the views as to the outlook for in Europe and other lands and in the Church at missionary work are the following: home are fraught with dangers and opportunities. "Missionary work will continue." In view of the crisis in China, letters were re- "Long distance view is hopeful." cently sent to the Mission Boards conducting work "Bright in free areas; hampered in occupied in China, asking, among other things, three ques- territory." tions: "Good opportunities both in free and occupied 1. In view of the present need and situation in China China." on what are you placing greatest emphasis – on evangelism, education or physical relief? "Opportunities unparalleled."

2. What is your view as to the present outlook for "Response from the Chinese is excellent." China and for Christian missionary work among the "The present outlook is the brightest for many Chinese? years, except for the restrictions and difficulties placed in the way by the fact of war. The very 3. How do you think American Christians can best help forces which handicap the Church in its work are the Chinese in the present crisis? the forces which are driving many Chinese to con- sider the message of the Church. The quiet wit- Other questions, as to the effect of the Japanese ness and heroic service of the missionaries are invasion, were asked and the summary of the re- sure to bear fruit in later years. Saul could not plies was printed in our October issue (pages escape the witness of the martyred Stephen, 437-8) . Here we give the gist of replies to the neither will China forget the quiet witnessing of three important questions enumerated above. the missionaries. Dr. C. W. Shoop, writing from They reveal the general attitude of evangelical the thick of the fight, said 'We must go on with missions and their convictions as to Christian at- our task and not permit ourselves to be unduly titude and activity in mission work in China to- impressed with our failures. I am finding reday. markable resources of new inspiration in the Old Testament prophets who faced very bad situa- *** First: Nineteen out of twenty-six Boards reply that they believe that the present greatest em- tions, yet believed that the earth would be filled phasis should be placed on evangelism of the Chi- with the knowledge of the glory of Jehovah as nese by presenting to them Christ and His offer the waters cover the sea.' "-United Brethren in of salvation through faith in Him. Some Boards Christ.

coupled with this the need for the maintenance of "So far as the Chinese attitude is concerned, education work (especially Bible training) and our workers report that the doors are wide open [493 ]

for effective mIsSIOnary service especially evan- "The situation is most difficult and delicate, but gelism. In the areas controlled by Japan, mis- most strategic and necessary, as well as fruitful. sionary residence and travel are much restricted If China can continue to be mistress of her own and work of the Chinese pastors and evangelists house, the outlook is most hopeful; otherwise is fraught with many difficulties but is being car- gloomy."-Church of the Brethren. ried on with a goodly measure of blessing. We plan to send three new missionaries this fall."- "There is more hope for China today than two Christian and Missionary Alliance. years ago. The eagerness with which the Gospel is accepted spells great possibilities for mission- "In Free China the outlook for China and for ary work."-Presbyterian Board of Foreign Mismissionary work is very hopeful. New leaders sions. are developing and Americans are respected because of the devotion to China they have shown." "The Chinese people were never more expres- -Yo W.C.A. sive of their gratitude for what the Y. M. C. A. is doing. They see in North American secre- "In Free China the morale is higher than it was taries a visible expression of the oft-expressed at the beginning of the war and, strangely enough, sympathy of people of the United States and Cantheir loyalty to General Chiang is increasing, in ada."-Y. M. C. A. spite of the many defeats suffered. How Can Americans Help? "If China wins the war with the aid of England and America I believe that the position of the Third: In answer to the question, How can Christian missionaries will be stronger in the American Christians best help the Chinese in the years ahead than in the past. If they are defeated present crisis, most Mission Boards emphasize by Japan the difficulty of missionary work will prayer, together with gifts for Chinese relief likely increase more than it has in Manchuria and (through Church Committee for China Relief, 287 Korea. If on the other hand China wins the war Fourth Ave., New York). Six replies urge "enwith the active aid of Communistic Russia, Chris- lightening the American public as to the facts and tian missionaries will probably be banned."- agitating for legislation to stop supplying war ma- Methodist Board of F. M. terials to the aggressor nation." Three societies ask for the strengthening of the missionary staff "In Chinese controlled China the Church will by sending out more workers. Some say: increase in popular esteem."-Reformed Church in America. "Maintaining of the present missionary force and providing of funds for relief work particu- "I could write at length of the problems which larly among the Christians."-Assemblies of God. we face in Japanese occupied territory. Daily papers tell of the agitation fostered against Brit- "By intelligent, persevering prayer of faith. ish and other missionaries in the interior. How By moral and financial support."-Bible Institute far this may go will depend very largely on the of Los Angeles. pressure Christian people at home bring on the Government to take measures against this policy." "By retaining missionaries, maintaining their -A Southern Presbyterian. work, supporting China Relief Fund and praying for an honorable peace." – Church of England "Let me quote from a recent report of one of Zenana Mission. our evangelistic missionaries in Yuanling: 'During recent months there has been especially good "Supplementing the thin line of missionaries; attendance at all services due to the influx of great maintaining the present salients; culturing and numbers of Christians from other points. The encouraging an indigenous Church; saturating city church has instituted a second worship serv- the Church at home with missionary publicity ice in the afternoon. Many are studying the Bible dealing with things accomplished; and above all preparing for church membership.' "-Reformed by united intercession that the faith of our Chi- Church in the U. S. nese brothers shall not fail and that the assurance that the prophetic words of our Divine Lord which "Changed conditions create new opportunities covers war-torn China with redemption has not for personal evangelism. Physical conditions and been modified nor abridged. 'He shall not fail mental attitudes in some measure retard the work. nor be discouraged: "-Evangelical Church. The frontiers are being pushed into central and western China. The personal reports of our mis- "Keep informed. Pray for guidance and love. sionaries breathe a calmness of spirit and a con- Send wise and thoroughly devoted Christians as fident faith that humbles a reader and shames a missionaries and relief workers. Pray much for hesitant and halting church at home." – Evan- those there. Support sacrificially both relief and gelical Church. mission work."-Church of the Brethren.

"A great door and effectual-and many adver- "By continuing evangelistic work and by carrysaries"-United Church of Canada. ing on educational and medical institutions. Ac- tivities will have to be modified and perhaps in some areas be discontinued; but missionaries

CHINA IN THE PRESENT CRISIS

should remain if possible. Otherwise how can "Opportunities for Christian religious and phil- China know the sincerity of our faith in Christ? anthropic work among the people of Canton are Send more relief funds for the destitute and challenging, in spite of the fact that all educawounded."-United Brethren in Christ. tional institutions are closed, that hospitals are continuing with greatly reduced staffs, and that "Support missionaries and Chinese Christians. churches are carrying on with small constitu- Furnish relief; keep intact the nucleus of tried encies. Most of the workers with any initiative and true workers."-American Bwptist F. M. S. and leadership are gone, yet the few faithful ones who remain are ministering to those in need de- "First, stand by the missionary movement in spite personal embarrassment and frequent hu- China in increasing prayer and sacrificial giving. miliation."-American Information Committee. Second, actually show friendship for Chinese students in America. Third, direct giving to support *** the organizations which are working for relief in China, such as the Church Committee for China "Soochow (Methodist) University was returned Relief and the American Committee for Medical in March after sixteen months of occupation with Aid in China. Fourth, and this is highly important, exert our individual and government influ- its science equipment an 85 % loss, its power plant ences against American selling to Japan, gasoline, steel and munitions of war." – Methodist Epis- smashed, other equipment depleted, and American copal Board. faculty furnishings at least four-fifths gone. A few government schools and some private schools, How Chinese Meet the Situation chiefly of a primary grade, are today limping along. Missions are conducting only special or Fourth: Some of the present difficulties in 'make-up' classes which are crowded with chil- China, and what the Chinese themselves are doing dren who otherwise would be idle. The situation in the present emergency for their own people is holds no promise of marked improvement because shown in the following quotations: the real educators and most of the older students will not return to work under the shadow of the "The effect of Japanese aggression in China invader." goes deeper than the mere material damage done in the destruction of homes, cities, properties and *** the bombing of men and women and children. The establishment of comfort homes for soldiers "In Soochow (under Japanese control) Chris- (another name for houses of prostitution), the tian churches are carrying on a significant minisencouragement and expansion of trade in opium, try to the needy and the burdened in spirit. Atheroin and other narcotics are even more men- tendance at regular services is good, and Bible acing to the moral and spiritual well-being of the Study and Club Work are gaining momentum. people. One of the things that the Chinese Cen- Hospitals and clinics are overcrowded. There has tral Government was putting down with a strong been no serious interference with church work so hand was the use of narcotics."-Mme. Chiang far, although one center knows that a spy (a Chi- Kai-shek. nese puppet) under the military police, has been assigned the task of ferreting out and reporting Speaking before the anniversary gathering of on everything that goes on in that church, with the National Chinese Women's Association, Mme. especial attention to the activities of the Amer- Chiang said that the two-year resistance has icans."-American Information Committee. proved that the 5,000-year-old spirit of the Chinese race has never failed to come to the fore in * '" * any emergency and under any hardship. She expressed the hope of washing away the accumu- "The Christian Church in Chungking is provlated national shame which had been the cause of ing a source of comfort and strength to the peopain and distress to the people. She is confident ple of this region during these days of suffering. in China's perseverance in the struggle and her Churches are filled, interest is genuine, and the final victory. zealous activity and faith of laymen and leaders is most cheering. The challenge that comes to the In the two years the National Chinese Woman's Christian worker in such a situation is truly soul- Association has distributed $5,000,000 in medical gripping."-American Information Committee. supplies and other gifts. While these material gifts are useful, Chinese women do well to con- *** tribute of their patriotic spirit, demonstrating their concern for those at the front and express- "The spirit of the Chinese is indescribable; one ing sympathy to those affected by the war. Spir- who has seen the cheering people lining the roads itual comfort is much more important than ma- in thousands, shouting their slogans, singing their terial gifts. songs, drilling in tailored formations, can scarcely believe that Shansi has been a battlefield for al- *** most two years," said Miss Joy Homer on her re- turn to Chungking from a four-month trip to the

Northwest. She made the trip as a representa- existing conditions to supply our depots with tive of the American Church Committee for China Bibles and Testaments for which there seems to Relief. be a greater demand than we have ever experi- enced in the history of the Bible Societies in The closer one draws to the battle front, the China. This demand comes both from Chinese more firm and striking becomes the morale of the Christians who have lost their Scriptures in the people, said Miss Homer. In Shansi, ravaged more process of sudden evacuation of homes, and in part cruelly than any other of China's provinces, the from an increasing number of non-Christians will of the people seems to have been inflamed by who have observed the life and work of Christians battle. The town of Chihsien, west of the Tungpu and missionaries in the face of the great difficul- Railway, is symbolic-twice captured by the Jap- ties which affect all living in China today. Many anese, it has been twice retaken; twice burnt, it methods are being used to ship Scriptures – the has been twice rebuilt; and today its inhabitants mails where these are effective, unusual routes of are rock-firm and united in their resistance. transportation, and even the purchase of trucks loading them with Scriptures and having them The countryside has been completely organized. driven from the coast to the far interior by routes Every individual is a member of some group that away from the battle lines."-American Bible Sointegrates itself into the all-front resistance. ciety. These groups cooperate intimately with the regular army and the guerilla forces. They serve as *** intelligence agents, as transport corps, and as auxiliary fighters. The relationship between Chi- A PRAYER FOR CHINA nese troops and people is one of friendship and confidence. Eternal God, Ancient of Days, who sittest throned in glory, let Thy blessing rest upon the *** ancient nation of China. Look mercifully, we be- seech Thee, upon the Chinese people in this time "The Y. M. C. A. which has for its motto 'Serv- of their national crisis, and in this day of their ice Above Self' is one of the many worthy move- distress. Have compassion upon the multitude ments in China which Japan has failed to crush. of men, women and children who are the inno- Destroyed or occupied buildings, dislocated mem- cent victims of the cruelty and inhumanity of bership and other damages and hardships imposed war. Pour out upon the nation and its leaders by war have only meant greater and more enthu- Thy Spirit, the Spirit of truth and righteousness, siastic service to the people from the 'Y' workers. that they may be empowered to establish and de- fend a good government, and be guided into a life "Most praiseworthy is the emergency service of freedom and peace. Bless especially the Chrisrendered by 'Y' workers to Chinese soldiers in tian leaders of the land that they may be of good spite of difficulties in communications. Accord- courage and of great faith. Protect for their sake ing to Mr. F. Y. Hsiao, field director for this serv- the messengers of Thy love and grant to all misice, on February 18, four units were operating in sionaries a clear appreciation of the present opthe Shensi-Honan area, and five units in the portunities for service in the name and spirit of Hunan-Kiangsi area. In addition, there are four their Master. May their lives and their labor be newly-organized units in the Chekiang-Anhwei precious in Thy sight. Let Thy powerful benedicarea. Steps are being taken to extend the work tion rest upon the Christian Church in China, that to 30 units covering the entire war area."-China she may stand fast in the faith and persevere in Information Service. all good works. Grant to the nations of the world patience, wisdom and understanding, that they *** may help and not hinder the unity and prosperity of a great people; and bring to the whole world As an example of Christian work at one station, the blessing of fellowship with Thy Son, our Sav- The Missionary Herald says: "The greatest need iour Jesus Christ. Amen.-From ((Prayers for in Taiku station is for 'coal and Bibles'! The va- the Far East." rious Christian groups in the two mission compounds, and within the city, encourage each other, *** especially under Pastor Wang's leadership, and the attendance at Sunday service has averaged BIRTH PANGS OF A NEW AGE 500. The village churches are alive. There was the good fortune of a fine wheat harvest last sum- The world today is in agony. We have heartmer." ache; but that pain is the way of higher life. We see a hundred needs with the mind; but we must *** also feel them with radiant pain. The world is in the birth pangs of a new age.-Dr. Frank Lauba.ch "The military operations have interfered very of the Philippines. greatly with colportage and the sale of Gospels. But there is considerable work among the refugees and the wounded soldiers, work which is steadily increasing; we have been hard pressed under the

Woman Enlisted for Christ*

By JANIE W. McGAUGHEY )5..- Secretary of Women's Work in the Presbyterian Church, U. S.

D R. GEORGE TRUETT has thrown out this Enlisting – a Trust challenge: "What a power this audience would be if every Christian here were liv- In the book, "Adult Education in the Church," ing at his maximum!" Paraphrasing that idea by Sherrill & Purcell, we find this significant we might say, "What power would be generated statement which throws a flood of light on the in this old world today if every woman in our meaning of the word "enlist," making clear the Church were genuinely enlisted for Christ and fact that the conception of church membership living to her utmost for Him!" was enlistment in Christ's service. The author says: "One of the earliest known formulas re- For two years the Woman's Auxiliary of the quired the candidate for baptism to repeat pub- Presbyterian Church has stated as the special goal licly on an impressive occasion the words, 'Sunof their year's program of study and service: tattomai soi Christe.' That may very well be "Every Woman Enlisted for Christ." A high translated, 'I enlist with thee, 0 Christ.' That goal. It echoes the emphasis. placed by Christ on word 'Suntattomai' carries something of the the importance of individual commitment to Him thought of reporting oneself for orders." and the following of Him. It is the objective toward which the movement of Christian education Certainly there needs to be such an interpretaamong the women of our Church is directed, and tion of Church membership by all who have taken the end which we seek to reach, that every knee the step of public profession of our Lord and shall bow before Christ and every tongue confess Saviour and united with His Church. Too often Him as Saviour and Lord. such action is not considered as an active enlisting for and with the Captain of our Salvation and a Women have ever been needed in promoting the reporting to Him for orders. If this were the work of the Kingdom. On down through the ages basic thought, would there not be a marked in- God has used woman to help carry out His pur- crease "in the attendance upon the worship services poses in the world. Christ opened wider horizons in our churches on Sunday and through the week, of service for Christian womanhood. He alone a larger enrolling for study or teaching in our brings new life, new vision" new love, new faith, Church schools, a very different record made posnew hope, new power. He needs Christian women sible for our annual reports of study, service, and today as witnesses for Him in their deeds, their gifts? If every woman member of our churches words, their attitudes. conceived of her membership as a trust through which there would be the expression of loyalty to It is the women of the Church that touch more Christ, the Head of the Church, would that not intimately every other group in the Church-the affect her thoughts, her words, her deeds and even children, the young people, the men. They are her attitudes and lead her to a full commitment the mothers who make or mar Christian influence and even sacrifice for the One under whom she in the home; they are the wives of our ministers, had enlisted? our elders, our deacons, and other leaders in our church life; they form the maj or portion of that Two facts should claim our careful and prayerfaithful and influential group in our Church, the ful attention: (1) There are hundreds of women Sunday school teachers, to whom is committed the in our churches today who are not actively enmoulding of young life through the program of listed for Christ; (2) There are yet other hunreligious education. And numbered among the dreds who have not learned the secret of complete womanhood of our Church are those groups. of lo.yalty to the One under whom they have enlisted. both younger and older women who reach out and touch life in our community, in our schools, in the Within that group of women who have not acbusiness world, in industry, in many of our lead- tively enlisted for Christ, there are personalities ing professions. What a power these groups. of that need to be claimed for service through His women would be if everyone were enlisted for Church. Many seek to satisfy that desire for ac- Christ and living at her maximum for His glory! tivity in channels other than the Church, often because they have not been led to see the oppor- • From Tl/,e Presbyterian Survey (March). tunity for using them iri the Church. But perhaps [497 ]

an even more tragic side of the picture is the fact dividual woman in her Christian life as she en- that these so-called "professing" Christian women, deavors to grow into the fulness of Christ and who by their own voluntary action have united share in the world-wide task of making Him with the Church, do not seek to know Him under known as Saviour and Lord. Every woman is whose banner they have enlisted. They are not asked to read it often and to meditate upon it, using the God-given means for Christian growth. asking herself these questions: Their Bibles are closed books to them. They do AM I LEARNING OF CHRIST AND HIS WORK not know the secret of prevailing prayer. They THROUG~­ have not experienced true worship in God's House Daily Bible Reading?

or service for His sake. They are not concerned Bible Study Class? about the millions who have never heard of Jesus Mission Study? who came to save "all people." Often such ones need only to be awakened by some loving, tactful Missionary Books? The Presbyterian Survey? Church Papers?

friend who will show them the joys of daily con- Other Christian Literature?

tact with our Lord through His Word and through AM I CULTIVATING MY PRAYER LIFE THROUGHprayer, or the thrill of fellowship with Christ and Daily Personal Prayer? Christians which is possible in His Church; or Family Worship?

the satisfaction of service done in His name and Prayer Group Intercession?

for His glory. They need the touch of a life living Use of Day by Day?

for life and not for things. They need some one AM I SERVING CHRIST THROUGH- who represents Him who came to bring life Speaking to others about Him?

abundant. Accepting definite responsibility in: The "enlisted for Christ" have a distinct respon- Sunday School? Auxiliary? Other Service? sibility for the unenlisted ones. It has ever been Tithing (money or substance)? so. It was Christ's method of carrying forward Attending Church Services: Public Worship on Sunday?

His program. Someone who has not caught the Sunday School? Prayer Meeting? vision of Christ is dependent upon another who Auxiliary Meeting? Circle Meeting? has journeyed on the Damascus road, has seen the Participating in Christian Social Service activities in Lord, and has been commanded by Him to be "a my community? Am I showing a spirit of friendli- ness to strangers? To any who need a friend?

witness" to those things which were seen and Motto: "FOR TO ME TO LIVE IS CHRIST"

heard. Through some act of friendliness on the The Personal Guide – a Means part of some Christian woman, through the con- tagion of her conversation, through a dispiay of The Personal Guide is one of the very important her Christian enthusiasm, some unenlisted woman means for use in enlisting women. But it must be may be led to realize the latent possibilities within made to live and definite guidance must be given her which, through contact with her Lord in His as to how the various items listed can be used to Word and in prayer and through service in His help one grow spiritually. The phases of the name, oan fruit into a joyous enrichment of life. Christian life and service outlined on the guide And it is the privilege of the "enlisted" to be just are not for the sake of ohecking on personal atsuch a friend, one who is used to lead some woman tainment for auxiliary records. Far from it! Its into the joy which comes when personalities are purpose as expressed on the guide is: "To help dedicated to our Lord. the individual woman in her personal Christian The Woman's Auxiliary, with its plan of circle life as she endeavors to grow into the fullness of organization, is being richly used of God to this Christ and share in the world-wide task of mak- very end of claiming for Christ latent power in ing Him known as Saviour and Lord."

the adult life of our Church. Circle chairmen are The .lives of some can be enriched by being truly the contact persons in every church. They shown by another the joy of establishing the habit are the ones who hold in their power the possibili- of daily Bible reading and praying; the satisfying ties for reaching just these women. They need of some heart-hunger through attending the serv- the cooperation of every active member of the ice of the church, of some Bible class, or School circle. Many illustrations could be given of how of Missions, or circle or auxiliary meeting; the chairmen and faithful members are working to- fascination of realizing through some missionary gether and are reaching the unenlisted. But are book or article in the Church paper, or other we using to the fullest the means offered through Christian literature, that as Christians we are a the auxiliary plan for strengthening the work of part of a world-wide Christian fellowship and that the Kingdom by adding yet more and more to the missions and world peace are intimately tied up number of those who serve therein? together. Or perhaps we might have the joy of A Personal Guide has been used to help the in- seeing some gifted personality released for·a serv-

EVERY WOMAN ENLISTED FOR CHRIST

ice that really counts by opening up to her some "every woman," includes the world. And so our way to share a latent talent. It may be that some- field is the world and, our aim is to win a lost one with a gift of social graces can be used as world to Christ. In a message given by one of hostess for a meeting or auxiliary party; it may those consecrated pioneers, Mrs. Archibald Davis, be that a beautiful voice or other artistic ability in 1914, this missionary note is sounded. can be used to fill a definite need in the Master's work; it may be through a flower garden or a A part of our unfinished task is working with the indirecipe, or some other special hobby, a woman may vidual, for, after all, organization is only a means to an be claimed for use in some needed niche in the end, only a channel through which to work, and the work church; or it may be that some mother-heart can itself must be done with the individual. . . . We should be reached through some talented child used on a never forget that the salvation of souls is our only aim. program. So long as there is a woman in our Southland not bearing the name of Christian, and so long as there is a 'woman For this responsibility of helping to develop and bearing the name, but not living worthy of the name, our use the resources of womanhood, there must be task is an unfinished task. an ever increasing growth in loyalty to our Lord on the part of those who are enlisted for His serv- In a recent book, "Women and the Way," there ice. Each year should find us more completely is a series of testimonies from outstanding Chrissurrendered to our Saviour and Leader; more tian women representing different parts of the eager for knowledge of Him through His Word; world, each one declaring what Christ means to more full of compassion for His "other sheep"; the women of her nation. We look into the faces more committed to the task of leading these to of women around the world and find in them the Him; more willing to put our love into deeds; common need of the Saviour. For all who have and more sacrificial in our gifts for the work of accepted Him, "the Gospel of Jesus Christ has extending the Kingdom. proved its regenerating power." So testifies one of ,the authors. It is inspiring to visualize the In his book, "By the Still W'aters," Mr. Vance host of women of every race and color around the Havner says that every Christian is a "postmaster world represented in the chapters of that book for God" whose duty is to pass out the messages and to realize that all who are enlisted for Christ God has sent to the world. Some messages are everywhere are one in Him. We are ever conaddressed to us, but many are for our fellows, and scious of the yet larger group of women who have it is our duty to see that these are delivered. The not found "the Way." Until "every woman" out postmaster does not spend time decorating his across this whole world is enlisted for Christ, our postoffice and fail to distribute the mail. He needs task is unfinished. Our commission is to witness a clean and tidy postoffice, as we need a clean and for Him until all shall know Him. ordered life, but this is a means to the end of reaching the ones for whom the messages are in- Truly this is a time that calls for courageous tended. The smallest postoffice can be used to witnessing to the power of Chri,st. We are sumconvey messages. So the sImplest life can be used moned to an enlistment with Christ under His to give to the world the message of Jesus Christ, banner of love, to serve with a spirit of complete the Saviour of all. How faithful are we as His commitment to Him and sacrifice for Him. Every postmistresses! woman gives her own answer. Christ compels none. He invites all. Enlisting with Him and "Every woman enlisted for Christ !" This leads for Him means ultimate victory. "Thanks be unto us to remember our missionary task. The goal, God who always causes us to triumph in Christ."

A JEWISH RABBI'S PRAYER o Master of the World! All roads are closed against us. All strength has been taken away from us upon the earth. Our life has been ruined, and our security has been undermined. We no longer dare to contemplate the future of our people. In this hour of need, of persecution, of unrest and despondency, in this hour of humiliation and hopelessness, we turn to Thee, 0 Lord.

Father of all mankind, of all creation, strengthen us. . . . Place Thy healing fingers upon our beating hearts. Open our eyes, so that we may know, for we can find no hope, no consolation, among men. Let us be "holy unto Thee." For so we have once heard; the echo of these words rings in our ears as we wander through the centuries, firmly clinging to Thy words that Thou hast given us.

This prayer is answered by Jesus Christ, the Saviour of Jews and Gentiles, when he said: "Come unto me, all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest."

War and the Churches in

By PROF. ADOLF KELLER, D.D., Geneva, Switzerland I N A SIMILAR situation to that of 1914, war The third characteristic, which differentiates does not find the Evangelical Churches of the Church of today from that of 1914, is a deep- Europe where they stood then. Of course, now ening of the belief that human differences and as then the price of life will sink terribly; many even ecclesiastic and theological differences have Christian Churches, parishes, charitable institu- not the importance which have been attributed to tions are in danger of being wiped out, especially them in the midst of our controversies. These in central and eastern Europe. It may be that cer- differences become minor elements in the life and tain powers will endeavor to give a deadly blow faith of a Church if they are considered in the to certain church groups. light of the Gospel of Jesus Christ Himself. His But in spite of this situation the Church is bet- Church has learned today to tolerate differences ter prepared, spiritually, than it was in 1914 to of opinions and theology because we can lay them meet this attack of the world. Where the Church at the feet of Jesus Christ, the Lord of the Church.

of Jesus Christ is alive and functioning, the King- He stands upright in our midst at a moment when dom of God will no longer be identified with any States and Churches are menaced with destruc- worldly power. The following elements, char- tion. It seems in some countries as if the Church acteristic of the present situation of the Church would be dissolved into congregations, and as if in Europe may show where her life and faith is congregations would be disbanded into those different from that which was manifest during groups of two or three individuals who meet in the war of 1914 to 1918. the name of Jesus Christ. But though Churches, First: the Church is today more conscious than parishes and organizations should come to an it was in 1914 of the fundamental difference be- end-Christ Himself stands as the Son of God tween Church and World. A Church-conscious- who is ever and ever again calling together those ness is alive today, and knows something about two .or three into a family to constitute His the otherness of the world with its sin and revolt Church. Inspired by this new spirit, a Church against God. Opposing this worldliness is the will be prepared to tackle the concrete task which Church of Jesus Christ as an organism; it is in God Himself lays at her feet. Such a Church can- the world but cannot be confounded with it. The not be destroyed and cannot be divided even by Church has heard the challenge of the Oxford war; it will maintain as far as possible the rela- Conference: "Let the Church be the Church I" tions with Christ the Head and between the mem- No longer, although standing with the nation, does bers of His family.

the Church identify piety with the transcendent What can the Churches do now? The Church message of the Church. will continue to preach her message, pointing out The second characteristic of the Church in the that God is a sovereign even above a world which present situation is the fact that a larger and is given over to violence and depends on the power deeper fellowship of the Churches has developed of armies. The Church will continue, not .only since 1914. In spite of racial, linguistic, national the helpful preaching of the Word of God, but also and denominational frontiers the churches know the service of love to suffering humanity. She today something of the Church, the Una Sancta, will struggle to uphold the truth against the prop- that indestructible Christian communion which aganda of lies which is sweeping over the coun- cannot be divided even by war. There is today a tries. She will not forget that the greater suffer- deep conviction in the hearts of millions that the ing of her members means a stronger appeal to Church of Christ is "in, with and above" the indi- faith, prayer, to hope and to a solidarity which vidual churches, and is a kind of bulwark within cannot be broken as long as Jesus Christ remains which Jesus Christ has called us from the world. with us "even and to the end of the age." * Even statesmen and business leaders recognize * An emergency appeal for war-time is issued for suffering pastoday this otherness of the Church and look to- tors' families In Transylvania arnedfugFereasncIe~ for the Czech parish In wards such indestructible fellowship as the re- Paris, for Spanish Protestant France for needy stumaining hope of the world. dents and candidates in central and eastern Europ';. New ways for relief of sutTerlng fellow Christians and Chu~ches may be opened in the near future.

[500 ]

Outlook for the American

A Symposium Gathered by G. E. E. LINDQUIST, Lawrence, Kansas Missionary-ai-Large, Society for Propagating the Gospel Among the Indians I N A RECENT issue of the REVIEW there ap- All these writers agree that the Indian has been peared an article on "What American Indians the victim of experimentation, exploitation, and are Doing to Evangelize Their Own People." paternalism. This "blight of dependen'cy" has As a follow-up, and in view of the comparatively constituted a bane to progress, self-support and slow progress recorded in the Indian mission field, self-respect. Although technically an American the editor suggested a symposium on "The Fu- citizen, he has been exempted from certain pre- ture of the American Indian," as instanced in the rogatives and obligations of citizenship, such as following questions: taxation of his land. Such exemptions often lead "Must we look ahead to another one hundred to race prejudice. In recent years the emphasis years without much more progress than has been on the Indian as "a peculiar race" and the tacit made in the past 150 years?" encouragement of pagan customs and ceremonials under the guise of "religious liberty," and the "When may we expect that the Indians of the preservation of "culture patterns" have tended to various tribes will become self-supporting and in retard progress rather than to accelerate the asgeneral a cultured people?" similation process. We have repeatedly urged that the Christian Church as well as the agencies "What are the chief hindrances in the way of of' Government, owe the Indian more because he this progress?" is a human being than because he happens to be an Indian; that he must be saved, not by a with- "What methods would be likely to produce most drawal from the stream of American life, that is, satisfactory and abiding results?" by subsidized segregation, but by a process of Christian education and assimilation where The above are some of the points dealt with by Church, State, and "Mr. Indian" cooperate to the the writers of this series of responses. It is right fullest extent. that an Indian should have the first opportunity to discuss his own case. Accordingly the views of the Rev. W. David Owl, a Cherokee, are given first. He has long been a missionary and leader on the Cattaraugus-Seneca 'Reservation in New York State. An Indian Forecasts His Future The Indian girl and her future should also re- By W. DAVID OWL, Iroquois, New York ceive consideration. This concern is manifested by such experienced workers as Miss Bertha M. THE present-day American Indian is a product Eckert, Secretary for Indian Work of the of many forces, which include plans, policies, Y. W.C.A. experiments, forced migrations, money, blood fusion and personalities; the viewpoint taken in The present and future of one nation, the Da- forecasting his future will vary with the field of kota Sioux, is presented by one who has lived and service area familiarity and with humanitarian worked with that tribe for twenty years, one who zeal in his behalf. knows their language and has dedicated himself to their welfare. From the past the Indian carries the marks of Other contributions follow by two veteran work- much that is experimental in human relations.

ers: Rev. G. A. Watermulder of the Reformed The Federal Government and the mission forces Church Indian Mission, who has spent thirty have not been idle in their efforts to bring him to years in his present field and who now serves as exercise his own abilities and into adjustment president of the National Fellowship of Indian with the normal life of the prevailing culture Workers; and by Dr. W. A. Petzoldt of the Crow about him. But too frequently the efforts have Baptist Mission, who holds the distinction of tended to be institutional, paternalistic and with thirty-five years' service among the Crow Indians a muffled reluctance to intrust him with respon- in Montana. Both these missionaries speak from sibilities in working out his own temporal sal- a wealth of experience and background. vation.

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Doing for him, rather than aiding him in doing and serviceableness. It is a pathetic misfortune for himself has developed mechanical stop and go that the Federal Government and the Mission signals in his make up. To the amazement of Boards have so inadequately hand-picked young those who would keep him harnessed to distinctive men and women for thorough training in the pro- Indian ideology, many individuals have taken con- fessions and occupations over the stretch of the structive places in organized society. Others, years. The number of Indians who have been who would hurry his abandonment of all things trained for the ministry through this means can native, gaze tear-eyed at the conservative comfort be counted on the ten fingers, a figure too meager and slowness which he manifests in the ancient to meet the demands of a people so rich in posways of his ancestors. sibilities.

Through the pages of American history and lit- Indian Future-As a Tribesman. To the avererature no figure has prompted more interest, ro- age American, tribal life on a reservation is set mantic acclaim and sentimental outcries than has with the jewels of virgin forests, streams aboundthe Red Man. His picturesqueness and rustic na- ing with fish, Indians beautifully bedecked with tive blending, with all that is associated with feathers and buckskin, roaming about with bow early life in this country, is retained, adored and and arrow, noiseless and cunningly stalking game. worshipped by children the world over. Will his- It is a dream life dear to the heart, but actually, torians be able accurately and gracefully to alter tribal life is a thing of the past. Life on an Inthe intriguing and beautiful story for future gen- dian reservation, in the eastern area, is no "happy erations, so that they may catch a vision of the hunting ground" experience. Indian domains and genius of the race? populations are small, surrounded on every side by other large populations and in close proximity Indian Future-As an Individual. The Indian to large cities and towns. The nature of the sitis very human and has definite capacities. The uation creates an opportunity for both wholesome racial traits and characteristics which cling to and unwholesome contacts and employment. him become assets, under sympathetic tutelage, in his gradual transition to new situations. With It is not yet expedient to abolish Indian reserthe Indian, as with all new Americans, he faces vations for the purpose of merging the Indian the inevitable problem of assimilation. Already, population with that of the American community. the influence of race mixture has laid a heavy Amalgamation is in process, but needless hurry hand on everything racial in every community of will result in a breakdown of morale and commu- Indians. It brings a touch of sadness to see fall nity life. Minority adherence to Indian culture by the way much of the color, the arts and the and ceremonials gives vent to native expression crafts, the romance and picturesqueness of a dis- and religious experience not as emotional and tinct race. narrowing as that of some Christian sects.

Because of the Indian's sensitive nature to re- Constant tampering with tribal government buke, criticism, mistakes and illness, he can easily and procedure results in distrust, confusion and be misunderstood and defeated. It is at these morbid support in anything constructive. There vulnerable places that wanton arrows are shot are more tactful ways of curing the ills of a disuntil confidence and buoyancy of spirit are shat- ordered tribal set-up. The schools are playing a tered. Most agencies have failed to recognize the master role in shaping the future. Where buses need of the kindly, patient hand of revitalizing a are filled with high school students, and English wounded soul by methods of spiritual and eco- is the language of the home, we have indications nomic help. The Indian race is worth saving, and that these associations with other young people there is ample opportunity to start with saving bring the desire for congenial, comfortable and individuals. sanitary home life.

By nature the Indian is slow and cautious to The importance of a carefully adapted program move into well set traps of organized effort,be of adult education and recreation, with trained it the church or any other agency. He will accept and voluntary leadership, cannot be underestihelp, such as transportation to church or clinic, mated. The Indian is a lover of music; he is a but when this is terminated he fails to show up natural imitator and dramatist; he is a sportsuntil a clear explanation is made of its value to man and enjoys the fellowship of the crowd. him and to his future. Personal initiative is not Tribal life on a reservation presents every potenlacking; winning him through this means drives tiality of being developed to a high degree of into the surface a loyalty and devotion unsurpassed terest and participation; he does not require rein any people. muneration to be interested in the welfare of him- self and of his people. Trained individual Indians are the key to the rise of the race. Investments made to this end A tribe of Indians can easily go to seed by bring returns abundant in skills, life standards nursing past injustices, animosities and wishfully

THE OUTLOOK FOR THE AMERICAN INDIAN

longing for the return of their lands. The people dians for a larger life the application of the fundaof any tribe, and especially the youth of the tribe, mental democratic principles, of both the nation cannot afford to be disfigured mentally and and the Church, are imperative. Energy and weighted down with the heavy scars of the past. buoyancy of spirit demand exercise from within, Indian youth need high hopes, high ideals, with the minority group of Indians in such a vast and resourceful nation cannot justly be denied every advantage held out to its people.

Future of the Indian Girl By BERTHA M. ECKERT Secretary for Indian Work, National Board, Y. W. C. A.

CALIFORNIA INDIAN GIRLS ON A PICNIC FOR 2,000 years our ancestors have gradually been building the world which we have today. the incentive to attain self-respect and self-sup- Yet in one generation, or at the most 100 port through the medium of a fair and hard years, we expect the American Indians to understruggle into the promised land- of the larger stand, approve of and assimilate our civilization. world of tomorrow. We expect the Indian girl to find self-support, friendships, constructive recreation and a church Indian Future-As an American Citizen. The home. ultimate destiny of the Indian is to have full participation in all phases of the life of an American One hundred years ago her people were procitizen. To be granted citizenship, by act of Con- gressing, but when we came to their shores none gress, is a noble gesture and is accepted by the had emerged entirely from the Stone Age. One Indians as such; but the term "American citizen- hundred years ago the Indian girl knew the inship" to many Indians of conservative loyalties, timacy and care of family and clan life, rigid soconveys only an intangible meaning. Years of cial customs dictated by her grandmother, homes first-hand observation of those who would take made open to all, including the stranger, cooperafrom him his material possessions and his very soul, has not made the Indian very eager to be- A YOUNG INDIAN BASKET MAKER IN NEVADA come like them. tive ways and the barter of goods to supply one's The Indian problem is unfortunately not a na- needs, appreciation of character and of the tional concern; with the Federal Government it achievements of others. She trusted life despite is a departmental issue; with the Church it is its mystery, developed resourcefulness in meetan ever-present task of evangelization; with communities having Indians as neighbors the situation is local, and wrought with the delicate but matchless opportunity of compounding the culture and heritage of two races. Blessed are those neighbors who live side by side with Indians and accept skill, dependability, good character, industry and pride of country, as against race prejudice.

Indians who have established their residence away from Indian communities have experienced scarcely a ripple of race prejudice or hindrance to the open door to everything American. For the majority who remain on reservations there are formidable barriers to the use of the franchise and to receiving the benefits and services of local social agencies. Segregation and special favors for Indians cannot endure within the healthy atmosphere of America. In preparation of In-

ing it and a delight in the gay and joyous. She own to care for. Only as she has opportunity to could think clearly and act directly. think and talk, to plan and laugh with others can During the last 100 years the Indian girl has faced the necessity of living in more and more she become adjusted and self-reliant. distant places, on lonely reservations, in segregated schools. She met the strangers to her land Is it not amazing that with so little opportunity occasionally but rarely lived as neighbor. She saw their love of speed, dependence on clocks, through the years for mutual acquaintance with lack of poise under strain and stress, eagerness to heap up possessions, the kindliness of some other girls and women we have so many Indian and their desire for her to believe as they did and to listen to their talks. women who are Government employees, teachers, She became interested in peoples of other tribes matrons, stenographers, and an increasing numand nations and races, curious to know what they ber of nurses and of young women in their own well-eared-for homes with well-eared-for children?

With more opportunity for employment and for friendship with Christian young people, in less than the next 100. years may we not look to the day when there will be no Indian problem. .

The responsibility rests upon our understand- ing of the needs of the Indian people. It rests upon our appreciation of their contribution to be made to modern life of calm, poise, enjoyment of simple things. Perhaps it rests upon Christian efforts to cleanse our civilization of its love of show, of prejudice and hate.

Outlook for the Dakota Indian By RUDOLF HERTZ Superintendent of Congregational Indian Missions SIOUX INDIAN WOMEN AND CHILDREN ONCE again, the very basis of the economic life of the Plains' Indians has been wiped considered of value in life. She developed a sense out. Years ago, the white man killed off of responsibility for herself and for those near her in family ties. She became aware of the fact the buffalo which had supplied most of tne Inthat her parents and brothers and sisters were dian's needs, his meat, his tenting, bedding, clothunderprivileged and that she belonged to a ing, and many of his tools. Since then, we have minority group. tried to help the Indian to learn cattle raising and farming. Now, however, we have learned through She continued in school, learned the necessity sad experience that the country west of the Misfor the possession of money, the beauty of homes souri is not a farming country except where irriand churches in places far distant from the hogan, gation is possible, and two to four sections of land the tipi, the one or two-room house and tiny un- (1,280-2,560 acres) are needed for fifty head of painted church at home. cattle, the minimum to keep the average size fam- ily. Most Indians do not own that much land, She has had much done for her but experience and even if they do, it is seldom in one piece. But tells us that learning takes place as the individual the government is trying to consolidate Indian has opportunity to practice decision-making her- land holdings and has also bought back land that self, to take responsibility, to use her own money had passed into white possession. As to irrigaand to earn it, to plan the Sunday school lesson tion, only 1-2% of the west-river country is so or the worship service, to have possessions of her situated that it can be watered artificially. So far, only a few Indian gardens have been irri- gated. The most ambitious project is the dam- ming of the Moreau River on the Cheyenne River Reservation, but its feasibility has not yet been determined definitely. As a matter of fact, right now, the Dakota (Sioux) Indian, like his white neighbor, is almost 100% on relief. Whatever one's political affilia- tion, it is certain that this cannot go on forever. Many of the white settlers have already moved, and the Indian, too, will either have to learn to

THE OUTLOOK FOR THE AMERICAN INDIAN

make a living on the land on which he now re- continent. What is to be our future? Who knows? sides, or move. Our country will come out of its hocus-pocus Promised Land spree in time. Better things are At present, it seems more probable that he will ahead for America. Weare in the dawning of a stay where he is. The government will presum- new day! ably continue to buy back former Indian land that has passed into white hands. As:the much The Indian had a definite place in our early hisovergrazed and drought-stricken range returns to tory. Has he anything more to cast into "the normal and Indian land holdings are consolidated, melting pot of America"? I believe he has. He the government may finance further Indian cattle is on the trail of progress. Some certifiable herds. More and more dams will be built to hold achievements are to his credit. More accomplishback water which would otherwise run off. Many ments are ahead. In the future of the Indian I small and perhaps a few big irrigation projects see the following: will make possible more subsistence gardening. Indian art, much encouraged by the government, He will be permitted to have a larger share in will bring skilful workers additional income. the solving of his own problems. It is not so much "The Indian Problem" as it is the Indians' prob- It will take large sums of money to finance all lem. He must have the chance to work it out these projects, but it seems to be the only way to through his own efforts. How can he ever "learn bring the Indian back to final self-support on his to paddle his own canoe" if we continue to carry own land. Money thus spent will not all go for him on a government transport? Paternalism family support, like wages. It will, in the end, has never been conducive to individualism. "Nemake further relief unnecessary except for the cessity is the mother of invention," all right, but aged, the sick, the widows, the orphans, and the she is also the highest paid member of the faculty incompetent. in the University of Hard Knocks, the institution out of which have come most of the great leaders This program, of course, does not mean that of all the racial groups through the centuries. all Indians must become cattle men. A small minority will continue to be absorbed in the gen- Too long has the white man carried the red eral life of the nation. In fact, this is not an In- man's burden. Until recent years the Indian has dian program at all, but the only way for anyone scarcely been asked what contribution he had to that wants to live in the present reservation coun- make to the betterment of his own condition. try. Whites and Indians alike will need this help unless they are to move; only, the Indi,an's larger Too much has been done with the Indian; land interests are more liable to hold him where enough has been done for the Indian; not enough he is than his white neighbor. has been done by the Indian.

At the best, of course, this is a time of strain In all history no racial group has been experiand stress. The government 'can furnish the mented with as much as the Indian. Every admeans and the men to carry through such an ex- ministration has a new program for him. He has tensive plan. But the Indian needs more than always been the pawn on the political chess-board. money and advisers. He needs spiritual as well In these latter days enough is being done for him. as material vision. He needs moral stamina. He The present-day Indian is receiving much from needs the will to do the work. All these come the government, far more than ever before. The from God, not from the government, and God's red men who were so sorely mistreated by the representatives on earth have before them a big government are today for the most part, under task indeed to help the Indian to continue in con- the sod. Not enough has been done by the Indian stant touch with Him that supplieth all out needs for himself. Until recent years he has never had according to his riches in glory. the chance. His weaning process has been an elongated affair. The Indian problem is no nearer The Next Steps solution today than it was ten years ago. The red man has been tied up too much by the red-tape By W. A. PETZOLDT, Lodge Grass, Montana of the white man. The Indian problem will only be satisfactorily solved by the Indians themselves T HESE are no days for prophecy. Not a and not by a benevolent bureaucracy at Washing- statesman in the world has a worq of hope ton. The Indian must be helped less and per- on his lips. The future seems more kaleido- mitted to help himself more. The future will scopic than ever. At such a time as this prophecy record the evanescence of the Indian Office at seems almost a gratuitous form of folly. Yet Washington and the dawning of a better day for there is a tomorrow, that is our hope. the Indian.

Our country has been infected by the hysteria Indianism will give way to Americanism. Less. of government sweeping over the world. Mighty stress will be placed on "the American Indian" things arehappeiling' in every land and on everY and more on the Indian American. The adjective and the noun 'Will change places. It is not so im-

portant that they shall be held up as "the original Southwest, it will be a long time before this will American" as that they themselves shall have the be possible, perhaps a few generations. But in opportunity to evaluate and emphasize American the big sweep the country over, especially on the citizenship, under the same status and laws as reservations where children from both the Indian other citizenship groups. Aside from a few of and white groups attend the public schools this the smaller tribes and uneducated Indians they will be the coming program. Isolation will be less should no longer be held as "wards of the Federal and less possible for the Indian and less and less Government. " desirable. Of necessity he will need to adjust him- The Indian of the old ways and days is passing self to the changing time.

out of the picture. The buffalo cannot be hunted The Indian has shown fine capacities in many with an automobile. The radio is displacing the things. He has some high qualities for citizen- tom-tom. The strong encouragement of the In- ship, because this was his country before it was dian Office to revive the old customs does not fit ours. He has some outstanding character quali- the present-day need. The war-bonnet mood is ties. As a Christian he has shown a fine aptitude not in harmony with the modern mode. The aver- in and appreciation of the Christian life. He is age rodeo parade is not headed in the direction of a great giver. He can outdistance most of us in progress for the Indians who participate in it. prayer. His faith is childlike. Once he is severed Education and the reviving of the old customs are from political dominance, once he gets into stride adverse to each other; each in very essence is for himself, he will build for stronger citizenship opposed to the other. They are beginning to see and for more efficient Christian service. In the the fallacy of this Washingtonized policy and are coming days he will not disappoint his friends.

getting away from its blighting influence.

The Church and the Indian The Indian Office at Washington has done many fine things. It may have been a good kindergarten for the Indians, it will never be a finishing school. By REV. G. A. WATERMULDER, The Indian of the future will not live under a Winnebago, Nebraska politician's wand. He will "scratch gravel for a V living" along with the rest of the Anglo-Saxons- ERY recently Dr. Anson Phelps Stokes wrote: "Until the American people successand like it! He will be a citizen without crutches. fully fulfill their obligations to the Amer- The war-bonnet will be in his pageants and fine traditions but the responsibilities of Christian ican Indians, they have failed to demonstrate their citizenship will be his chief concern. He will be ability to deal with the earliest and one of the thinking of the next election but he will also be most important minority groups of the American thinking of the next generation. Democracy."

The Indians of the future will seek self-support It is, thus, most encouraging to discover a new as a goal in their churches. For some groups this interest in the American Indian and to find peo- will be a long time in realization, but it will be ple willing to study the reasons why this phase of encouraged as an objective. Very few Indian our domestic mission work has been so difficult churches have ever contributed toward the sal- and so batHing. Mission Boards are asking, "When aries of their missionaries for the reason they will our Indian work become self-supporting?"

have never been expected to. No wonder that, in This is a reasonable question. It should bring us turn, so few of the Indian young men are studying great concern, and lead us to reappraise our many for the ministry. No Christian group can amount missionary enterprises in Indian fields.

to much until they become minister-supporting There are a number of reasons but let me em- conscious to the extent of their ability. phasize only two: The Indians will provide their own Christian First, let it be emphatically restated that the leadership. All any missionary can do is to in- Indian occupies a most peculiar position in our troduce a tribe to Jesus Christ. It is up to them American life. He is our "unique minority." He to become better acquainted. It is up to them to belongs to a most unfortunate primitive race in provide their own ministers and lay leaders. Very the midst of a conquering European-American little encouragement has been given the Indians civilization. He has been ruthlessly fought along this line. Of course, there have been some against, buffeted, exploited. He has been forced notable exceptions, particularly in two denomina- to change abode again and again, and finally cor- tions, but they have only revealed the splendid ralled on Reserves, where he has been almost com- capacity for spiritual leadership inherent in the pletely paternalized. He is still a ward of a gov- Indian groups. The Indian churches should be ernment which has had no continuous policy, Indian manned~and they will be in the future. changing with every change of administration.

The Indian churches will gpadually merge with The mental attitude thus produced is most serious.

the white churches. In some sections, as in the A subsidized people will have ,subsidized churches.

THE OUTLOOK FOR THE AMERICAN INDIAN

A dependent people cannot develop responsibility. unknown. Sometimes men have been sent for Witness the demoralizing effects of our present re- whom it was difficult to find a suitable place elselief system on thousands of our population. What where. We still have no special pre-service trainwould other races under similar conditions do? ing, nor to my knowledge, has in-service training Imagine what the result would be, should our been provided-often only such as the confused, relief policy continue over a period of 50 to 100 perplexed and often defeated lonely missionary years of frustration and defeat. finds out for himself. Will God miraculously supply the lack? Are not leaders trained through It is interesting to speCUlate what the results preparation including participation, under caremight have been had the Indian, like the Negro ful leadership? Under such training a Reservain the United States, been a free man, standing on tion becomes a social laboratory, and the job a his own feet and working out his salvation under fascination. Christian direction. We often hear it said, "It is only a small tribe." The second reason follows the first, namely, that But size does not change the situation. A small we have not adequately understood the Indians. nation has all the racial problems of a larger na- We, Europeans, have tried to make them Euro- tion, and generally is in greater jeopardy. This pean-Americans. Yet the Indian type persists. does not lessen the need for careful preparation. We have often failed to understand their basic aboriginal culture. We have so often approached Yet, in spite of all the handicaps, it should be our Indian problem as we would the problem of remembered that we have a goodly number of Inour own race. And the Indian has thus in so dian people who are occupying positions of trust many instances, not understood us. We have been and responsibility in the professions, in offices, forcing him to change his entire course of life. in shops, in the government and mission service. As this can come only by a slow process through They have risen above the common level on the many years under favorable conditions, our ap- Reservations through outside influences, largely proaches to this difficult problem often reveal through the Christian Church. our limitations and our lack of preparation for the task. In making this statement we are in no sense We believe however that a new day has begun forgetting the splendid work of men and women to dawn. Both the Church and the government of God, nor the creative energy of the Spirit of are facing the problems with deeper and clearer God and the power of the Gospel. But Jesus, in understanding. Any temporary resurgence of all His contacts with different types of people, paganism, or humanistic philosophies, will not "Knew what was in man." ultimately prevail. Some one has said, "Nothing contrary to the ideals of Jesus can permanently It is still true today. We still have no mission endure." If we are true to our mission, and in the boards that prepare their missionaries for Indian Name of Christ approach our problem, the Ameriservice. Leadership training in Indian work is can Indian will be set free.

THEY HAVE KIDNAPPED YOUR DAUGHTER!

Tshilomba Esther is a soldier's wife. Mbuyu, the oldest of their four children, is a pretty twelve-year-old girl. While Tshilomba was beating her cassava in her mortar a friend came running and calling: "They have kidnapped your daughter. The priest came and carried her away in his car to baptize her and put her into the Roman Catholic boarding schooL"

Tshilomba .threw down her pestle, screamed to Tshiame, a Christian friend, "Take care of my baby until I come back" and went off like the wind. She ran breathlessly, but fearless- ly, right into the priest's house, three miles away.

"Why did you run away with my daughter? Are you trying to baptize her?"

"N0, .I am only examining her for baptism."

"Well, I am a baptized Protestant. My husband is a baptized Protestant Christian. Mbu- yu, my daughter, was baptized in infancy. You are not to touch her."

With that, Tshilomba Esther, filled with righteous indignation, grabbed her daughter out of the hands of the priest and ran back home.

It was a courageous thing for a native woman heroically to face and oppose the power of the Roman Catholic Church and a white priest. Her husband, Benjamin, is a Christian, but like many missionaries he outmarried himself. Neither our evangelist nor his wife, Disanka, are allowed to enter the soldier's camp, so Esther reads the Bible to the women in the camp. They have served the government for five years and still have two more. They have now been transferred to Luebo, to the soldier's camp there. Pray for them and for Mbuyu that she may grow into a happy and useful Christian. PLUMER SMITH, Mutoto, Congo Belge.

Christian Attitude To Hinduism*

By the REV. J. F. EDWARDS Principal, United Theological College of Western India THERE is probably no other religion in the India's agelong faiths we shall be guided by that world so elastic in the use of basic terms as same indwelling Spirit of Truth. Hinduism. As a competent writer in The Indian Messenger (the Brahmo Samaj weekly of The Hindu Heritage of Indian Christians Calcutta) points out: "During recent years, three The Rev. D. A. Yardi says that the Indian different interpretations have been put on the Christian is in danger of forgetting "the rich and word 'Hindu.' They are: (1) All born in Hindu- the valuable heritage that belongs to him and stan are Hindus. (2) All who profess any of the which has come down through the ages. There religions born in India are Hindus. And (3) the is a great deal that the Indian Christian is heir to, popular or rather the specific meaning of the word besides that with which the Eastern and the West- 'Hindu' is . . .: one who believes in the system ern Churches have endowed him. He must not of caste, and es'pecially in more than one god, in- forget his Hindu heritage. Free from the dross cluding worship of idols, is a Hindu." But even of idolatry and superstition, and its false and mis- three interpretations do not exhaust the possibili- leading ideas of God, free from the taint of caste ties as more than sixty definitions have been given and intolerance, a great deal still remains: there in recent years of a "Hindu." But many people is a devotion, a s'aintliness and a self-sacrifice are called "Christians" who in no sense fulfil the worthy of his most serious consideration. There New Testament definition of a Christian. is also a great deal in its literature which cannot In any comparison between the principles of be lightly cast aside. India has its own peculiar Hinduism and the religion of Jesus we must al- contribution still to make to Christianity. This ways avoid "that irritating method, as unscientific has already been made by some of its saints like as it is ungenerous, which selects the worst in one Sadhu Sundar Singh and Pandita Ramabai who religion and contrasts it with the best in another." shine out like two great lights in the galaxy of We need to remind ourselves that it is the incom- saints which India has produced. What the Inparable Jesus Christ Himself that we have to pre- dian Church will be, when this contribution has sent to India, and never the Western civilization been fully assimilated in the light of the Gospel which so denies Him, nor the Christian Church of Jesus Christ and of the Cross, it is hard to say, until it is much more like Him. Our aim is always but that it will mean a richer heritage, both for to bring people to Jesus; and if we fix attention the East as well as the West, we cannot doubt." either on so-called "Christian civilization," or on Weare sure Mr. Yardi has expressed the true the divided "Christian" Church, this will obscure Christian attitude. the main issue. Nor must we so twist things as to make Jesus and the great sages in Hinduism That Hinduism is inadequate for the deepest say the same thing. One great service these sages needs of the human spirit must be clear to the have rendered is that by following out to the very most generous interpreter of Hindu teaching. end their own chosen path, whether it be the Gandhi is often quoted as the greatest living em- Dnyiin Marga, the Karma Marga or the Bhakti bodiment of Hindu ideals, but Gandhi's remark- Marga, they have made the discovery that none able candor about his. own inner life enables the of these lead India to the desired goal. There are dispassionate student of Hinduism to realize the many things they can teach us and we shall con- limitations of its ministry to the deepest needs of clude, as we seek to lead India to the incomparable the heart. Last April Mr. Gandhi published the Saviour, that there is nothing really good and following confession: "For causes, some of which beautiful in the religious heritage of India that I know and some I do not, for the first time in my need be lost, for the Spirit of Truth can use all public and private life I seem to have lost selfthat is good. And in the saered task of preserv- confidence. I seem to have detected a flaw in me ing, purifying and consecrating what is useful in which is unworthy ofa votary of truth and ahimsa. I am going through a process of self- introspection, the results of which I cannot fore- • From Dnyanodaya. see. I find myself, for the first time during the [508 ] past fifty years, in a slough of despond. . . . It is love Him above all things, the blood He shed so purely internal. It comes from within." freely for me and the wicked world. That is pre- cious, indeed, and who will not love Him for its Again in the Harijan for July 23, Gandhi writes sake1 Amen." frankly: "I have not acquired that control over my thoughts that I need for my researches in non- While there are parts of India concerning which violence. If my non-violence is to be contagious many know persecution to be such that this prayer and infectious, I must acquire greater control over could still be offered, yet on the whole events in my thoughts. There is perhaps a flaw somewhere. recent years have ,shown a definite increase in In- . . . But I entertain the hope that the darkness dian tolerance towards the true Christian convert. will disa;ppear. . . . I am praying for the light We are not half as anxious about religious perthat will dispel the darkness." secution which is sure to purify the Christian Church, as we are that all we missionaries and Hindus Losing Ground Indian Christians shall be worthy of the name of Christ. In an article in The Mahratta criticizing Gandhi's methods, that well-known Hindu of Bombay, A Missionary's Conversions Mr. L. R. Tairsee wrote the following: "The figures given below indicate that the Hindus as a In the July issue of the National Christian community are deteriorating in numbers. Be- Council Review, the Rev. Alexander McLeish had tween 1891 and 1931, the total popUlation of India an informing article entitled "North India Reincreased by 22 per cent in 40 years. But the per- visited." He said: "We have made many miscentage of increase of Hindus was 15 per cent and takes in our zeal to hasten the growth of the hence they lost 7 per cent in population, while the Church, and may now learn from experience to Moslems increased by 35 per cent and gained 13 trust the Spirit in the Churches." Mr. McLeish per cent. As against the general average of in- then goes on as follows: "In regard to this and crease the Hindu numerical strength is lower by other problems, a missionary today in India is 7 per cent; while all other communities have in- faced with a difficult task. He requires to have creased: Moslems by 35 per cent, Christians by what I would describe as three conversions. There 145, Sikhs 127, and Buddhists 79. The comparison is first the conversion which brings him out to of population between 1891 and 1931 shows that India, and the more definite and distinct an exthe Hindus alone are losing their numerical perience it has been, the better will he be able to ground." lead others to Christ. In other words, he must have the gift of an evangelist. There is, however, Are Christians Gaining Ground? a second conversion and that is the ability to see everything from the inside, to feel and understand At the present time Christians are said to be the pulse of the new society he has entered; to increasing in India at the rate of about twenty see his task from the indigenous viewpoint. This thousand a month. Our impression is that this is is a real conversion, and there are those who have not far wide of the mark. It is our growing con- passed through it, and those who have not. It viction that the Christian Church in India can makes every problem and question appear quite only regard itself as succeeding when its, members different from what it normally would. There is are increasingly like the pattern of daily life and also a third conversion, one peculiarly needed, and character and unselfish service seen in the example that is a 'conversion to the spirit of the lowly Jesus of Jesus Christ. in all our dealings with our Indian brethren. If there is a second mile to go, the missionary must Keshub Chandra Sen, the centenary of whose traverse it: if it is necessary to forgive a brother birth (Nov. 18, 1838) was recently celebrated, seventy times seven, it is the missionary who must prayed on one occasion: "My countrymen tell me, be prepared to make the last act of forgiveness. 'Learn of Me; for I am meek and lowly in heart.' o God, that if I love Christ they will no longer This is the only spirit which will win India, and it is vital for every missionary to put on this garextend to me the right hand of fellowship, and ment of lowliness in all sincerity. Shall we conwill persecute me and hate me as an outcaste and fess that we Westerners have signally failed here, an alien. Father, am I to blame for having loved and that this is the step most needed in order to Christ? Hast Thou not taught me to love Him establish the fellowship with Christ in India, tenderly as my brother, as Thy beloved son? Fa- against which nothing can prevail 1" ther, teach my countrymen to believe that where Thou art, Thy blessed and holy child is sure to be, sooner or later, in spirit, if not in name. There is one thing in sweet Jesus, which teaches me to

Ways of

'Tested Methods for Increasing Interest at Home EDITED BY MISS GRACE W. MCGAvRAN, 5718 OAK AVE., INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA The Stewardship of Money esting result is an $8.50 aver- tributes more than half again as age per member. much in thankoffering as in en- We have said a good deal in these pages during the past few For a society of 30 members, velopes, that fact needs to be months about the use of time, six of whom are life members mentioned and reckoned on as and talent, and energy, and so with an annual fee of $2.00, that the pledges for envelopes are forth. We propose to say some makes an asking of $255. things about the stewardship of made. money in this month's pages. The budget, or plan of giving The line-up for pledges to be Money is an essential medium lines itself up somewhat as folof exchange. We often find lows: contributed in envelopes monthly churches apologetic about finan- is interesting. It is clearly based cial matters. Why so? No sane Fees (for the six life mem- $12.00 on a supposition that there will person would attempt to set up bers) ……………… . 25.00 be proportionate giving rather a household without having some 80.00 money to pay bills and to secure One new life member ….. . than a set amount of "dues." the exchange of that which he Thankofferings ……….. . 133.80 Notice that while there is one is able to offer for that which his Envelopes: 3.00 person able to give $2.00 a family needs. 7.00 month, only three are listed as One member at $2.00 There are many angles from a month …….. $24.00 being able to give no more than which stewardship is approached 5 cents a month. Notice also by those churches and organiza- Four members at that the gifts of the three have tions carrying on a successfully $1.00 a month '" 48.00 satisfying experience. We shall as honorable a place in the review some of them for you Five members at 50 budget as that of the one. This here. cents a month … 30.00 type of budgeting proportion- Eight members at ately has been used successfully 25 cents a month 24.00 in many groups. The number Five members at 10 able to contribute at the differ- cents a month … 6.00 ent amount-levels differs radi- cally. One must feel one's way Three members at 5 cents a month .. 1.80 Collections …………… . Donations …………… . to a wise distribution. A Missionary Budget Total …………… $260. 80 Collections are small. Evi- Gets Results Expenses ……….. 4. 00 dently the group relies little on Please do not limit the term Sent to headquarters …… $256.80 miscellaneous collections. But "results" to the amount of experience has shown them that money raised. Among the most Let us examine the budget a such collections have a place, important results of a budget little. The life members whose just the same. Donations, by plan is the satisfaction of giving annual fee is $2.00 represent which the gifts of those unable in orderly fashion and of know- intelligent work at enlisting that or unwilling to make a pledge ing where the sources of funds type of membership in the past. are usually meant, come to an lie so that energy need be ex- The one new life member sug- amount which is decided on by pended at specific times and in gests that the effort to secure past years' experience. specific directions only. But to that type of membership is con- We look with envious eye at consider the money end. sidered worth making and that the small item of $4.00 for ex- A budget is a plan of giving. the group is certain enough of penses. There is a society which Mrs. Beatrice Thompson, in The being able to secure it, to place is paying for its good times and Missionary Monthly, of Toronto, the life-membership fee in the its other activities on the side. writes about a type of budget budget. It may have another budget for which is very useful. Its basic The amount for thankoffer- local charities. This budget is objective is found by dividing ings is unusually large. It must sacred to its objective for dis- the amount of money given by be based on past experience. patch to headquarters. And it all auxiliaries of the denomina- Possibly there is a group outside has not, we further note, kept tion by the number of auxiliary the membership of thirty which for its other worthy activities, members to secure the average contributes at special times. If the $1.80 by which it has ex- giving per member. The inter- not, and the membership con- ceeded its aim.

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EFFECTIVE WAYS OF WORKING

A budget such as this is pos- rent opinion that, to which most care of. The visitor dropped a sible in any group. It may con- of us will agree. Yet waste ma- coin into the chest. tain only a few of the items men- terials often have a sales value. tioned here. But it is a measured Stray pennies! Stray dimes! plan. It faces squarely the pos- A reader of these pages writes, Stray dollars! Given on an imsible sources of income and it "One interesting project of one pulse because there was an opknows just where its energies of. our leper mission supporters portunity and an urge to do so! must be placed in reaching its in New Jersey is that of saving aims. If, for instance, one ex- tin foil. She saves and sells it, Another example of the same pected item fails, a brand-new by the ton, and last year brought sort of giving comes from the source of income may need to be in about $500 from the sale of American Mission to Lepers. tapped, unless reasonable in- it." "A woman in Alexandria, Vircrease of some other item will ginia, has pig banks (pig banks bring up the amount. Of course no woman had $500 are used all over this country worth of tin foil in her own for collections for leper work, on Mrs. Thompson stresses the home! To gather it by the ton account of the small boy who need of quarterly remittance. must take enthusiasm and or- raised a pig in order to be able Many a society falls short of ganization. When you interest to help out with the work. His what it desires to do by exactly a Sunday school class in saving story goes with the pig bank to the amount that it fell short of tin foil you may get tin foil from any group using it) in many of reaching one quarter of its aim every neighborhood in which a at the end of the first three child from that class is living. the stores, banks, etc., and sends months. The greater the amount col- fine offerings from there." lected, the greater will be the Such a budget plan is not only interest in the project. We often find boxes for varifor the officers. It is for every ous charities in banks, restaumember, to study, to discuss, to Tin foil is not the only thing rants, and other public places. approve, to determine her own being "wasted" in our country. share in. Such a budget plan Find out what of the many kinds Many people who do not have gets results. of things being thrown away by truckloads by members of your any connection with organiza- The Gift at the Altar community have a sales value. tions making regular gifts do Think over the possibility of contribute through these means. Bring thy gift to the altar; converting waste into money for Many people making regular But, ere thou lay it there, anything from regular mission- contributions elsewhere are glad ary funds to China Famine to do something more in this Look on the whited harvest fields Relief, Leper Missions, Daily way. There are several rea- And bend thy thoughts in Vacation Church Schools for sons for the latter fact. One is prayer. underprivileged and unreached that unless one wishes to receive children, or a hundred other a constant stream of requests What is this thou art bringing uses for which we wish we had for more money through the To lay before thy King? more funds available. mail it is absolutely fatal to send even a check for a dollar to any Thy precious alabaster box, Stray Pennies Build organization depending for its Or some uncared-for thing? Monuments funds on public support. One may be quite willing and anxious Bring thy gift to the altar. Some years ago a visitor to to do something for, say, a fresh- Withhold not any part, the great cathedral which is in air fund, but be quite unable to process of building, in New support it regularly in addition Will He who gave His all for York City, found before her, as to other things. One may be thee she walked through the part of willing and eager to give to the building already open, a Not look to find thy heart great chart of the floor plan of China Famine Relief, but not the rest of the building. It was enjoy the frequent appeals for Laid down with prayer and of- labeled "The Pilgrim Pave- a repetition of one's gift.Fur- fering ment." Blocks of it were col- thermore, when one has one's ored. Other blocks were blank. purse in hand and giving re- For Him to take and bless, Beneath it was a chest for offer- quires no more exertion than to Ere He can multiply its power ings. The idea was that the drop in a coin, it is one thing. pavement or floor of the cathe- When it means getting a re- In Kingdom usefulness? dral should be paid for by the sponse into the mail in the form donations of those who came, as of a check or a registered letter Bring thy gift to the altar; pilgrims come, to see a spot of it is another. But, ere thou leave it there, religious significance and to wor- ship for a moment within its In planning to secure dona- Look on the waiting harvest walls. The colored blocks on the tions through boxes in public fields chart were floor spaces whose places certain rules must be ob- expense was already thus taken served. First, the cause must And pledge thyself to care. have a universal appeal. The Baptists would not put out boxes * CATHERINE CULNAN. to secure funds for the living- link missionary of their local Save Instead of Wasting America is the most wasteful nation in the world! A cur- * In The Missionary Monthly, Toronto, Canada.

church. The Disciples would would like a chance to contribute. day." A few years ago one de- not attempt to gather funds for Some members who refuse to nomination urged and promoted their Daily Vacation Church pledge, want to do their share sacrificial luncheons for its wom- School held on a strictly denom- through the collection. It is the en's groups. All the appointinational basis. But, a commu- way they like to give. ments of an elaborate luncheon nity Vacation School, an inter- Stray pennies! Stray dollars! were present on such occasions denominational enterprise like Gather them in and let them be- -except the food. A glass of China Relief, Fresh Air Camp come an added strength to the water at each place was all that Fund for a neighboring city's work for which you are giving was served. The program was underprivileged children, the your planned and measured de- carefully planned to make a real Mission to Lepers, and other votion. spiritual contribution to the similar enterprises are quite Our Standard of Living guests. The price of the lunchwell-known and therefore will eon was usually exactly that of not be questioned. There stands between the real luncheons under similar Second, permission to put the American Christian and Christ- circumstances. boxes must be secured from the like living in America, one stum- Two types of women attended. per.son in charge of each place. bling block among others about The first and larger group were Put boxes only where they are which we may do well to think. willing to know hunger for a few gladly given space and a prom- It is the idea encompassed in the hours, touching no food until the words, our standard of living. next meal hour and then eating inent place. Let us illustrate the point. only what they would have eaten Third, empty boxes frequently. During the recent depression a ordinarily. They were those The almsboxes in great cathe- widow in one congregation was who were willing for a time to drals are of metal and fastened enter into the heritage of hunger in place with chain and lock, yet left with five small children. The that too many know, so that the one is told that thefts are not father in that home – a Chris- actual savings gained by their infrequent. tian home – was gone. The self-denial should feed others. church, one of whose theoretical Fourth, do not keep them in cares is the building of Chris- The second type fortified themunfruitful localities. If the box tian family life, saw nothing to selves with food before attendin the local bank brings in few do but to let that home be broken ing the luncheon. They were contributions, take it away. If up. Three fine little fellows seen eating in various places all the same box in a restaurant heart-broken, were sent to an afternoon. They consumed a secures donations, double the orphanage and the mother was heavy meal in the evening on the number of restaurants in which left to struggle along trying to ground of having had no lunchyou have boxes. In other words, support herself and her two eon. They were of those unable let the public see boxes only in small girls. to hunger that others might be situations where they also see fed. They were of those who contributions being placed in A congregation of three hun- could not for one brief period them. A glass container in dred adults could not lower its lower their standard of comfort which people can see that other standard of living enough to to serve a hungry world. people have contributed dimes keep that family intact. and nickles as well as pennies That same principle applies to will help set the standard of We, as a people, rise to an the woman whose home is clutgiving. emergency pretty well. In a tered up with expensive best- burst of generosity we do with- sellers which she reads once and Fifth, keep accounts carefully out some lUXUry to serve a cause. never again. Whose purse opens and report to a local organiza- But our standard of living is readily to the call of her desire tion if possible, even if for in- sacred. How many of us will to see that latest play or movie. formation only. It is sometimes lower it, even for a week, to Whose luxuries become necessibetter for two people to handle care for human need? We have ties, part of an inviolable standsuch an enterprise than for just to have our balanced diet-with ard of living, which she is not one to do it. Let no suspicion the least trouble. Yet we know willing to lower. arise that funds collected thus that a balanced diet can be sefrom the public are not being cured on a fourth of what we "Feed my sheep!" speedily and regularly and en- spend for food. That type of "I will, Lord, with the pennies tirely sent to the cause for which food, however, does not conform left over after my standard of they are given. to our standard of living. We living has been served with my dare not lower ourselves, even dollars." Allied to this matter of col- to raise others. lections from the general public I Am a Steward: is the taking of collections with- Jesus said something about in the organization. Even where the one being greatest who gives Of God-given talents.-Mat. 25: 14-29. one thinks the members are the greatest service. pledged to the limit, there is Of God's revealed law.-Rom. 3: 1-4. often a willingness and a desire "But, Lord, we can't lower our to make a spontaneous offering standard of living to serve!" Of the Gospel.-1 Corinthians 4: 1-5. of a little more. Guests often Part of our standard of living Of Christ's Grace.-1 Peter 4: 7-11. involves "three square meals a -Rev. T. M. Stevenson, Craigs- ville, Va.

BULLETIN

Council of Women for Home Missions EDITED BY MISS EDITH E. LOWRY, 297 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK, N. Y.

Youth Prays for Peace It is you who belong to Jesus to carry to all worshippers. the By GRACE NOLL CROWELL Christ. Before belonging to any message that Christ gave when national family or individual He instituted the breaking of the Lord, we are the youth of every land today family whom you love in the bread in His name. Communion Lord, you belong to the Lord services were held at different Pleading for peace; times during the day, so that all Weare the ones who will be sacrificed Himself. You belong to Him for might share in their own form justice, truth, obedience, love. Unless wars cease; Weare the ones elected, Lord, to pay You belong to Him to make sac- of celebration. As was said, A price too high. You gave' us life, and it is not your rifices, to be cheated in this "the real miracle is that Christ world, where you must expect no comes to our divided commu- will return when you follow the law nions as host. He takes our di- That we should die. Open the blind eyes of our leaders, of the Kingdom, since it is you, vided bread and blesses and Lord, the pioneers, who are His that In every land; you may take the bread from breaks and gives. It is His gra- Open their hearts and minds and your own mouth that others may cious custom."

make them wise On Monday following these To understand have bread, and who are His for various communion services all That war is sad, and horrible, and wrong, suffering and for victory. You hearts echoed the prayer of the Negro speaker when in simplic- And useless quite; are His holy nation, bound by the ity there came from his lips the That we, the clean, strong Youth of strongest of ties: a blood rela- earth, tion of the Spirit. One nation! heart cry, "Forgive us Lord, Have the good right Do not say then, 'there are not forgive us, Lord, forgive us. To life and love and happiness and very many of us.' The first were peace. a bare twelve. Listen to the That we, who call Thee Lord, We would not be revelation of the Master: '1 am cannot yet meet Thee at a com- mon table. Forgive us, Lord, Killers of men-we want to walk the the bread of life.' Listen to the forgive us." A long period of earth Clean-handed, free Master's command: 'Give ye silence followed this prayer. In From war with all its horrors, lust, them to eat.' Only, young peo- and greed, this deep penitence lies the secret ple of the world, listen also to of the way to unity. Its dark despair. the warning of the prophet: It was a great adventure, our Lord, may there never be another 'There is nothing to be done with fellowship at Amsterdam. The war- This is our prayer. men who have not conquered Bible received a new place of -From "The Epworth gold.' " Highroad." importance in the eyes of those Thus was youth again brought who daily studied its pages to- face to face with the fact that gether. The Church became to Christus Victor the Christian race is not an easy many no longer a local parish, (Conclusion of the Report on the task lightly to be thought of, but but the fellowship of churches A.m.sterdam Youth Conference) one that requires all one has to which is called Christendom, a Perhaps one of the most stir- give and a willingness to place Christendom which embraces all ring messages. addressed to youth first things first. nations and all creeds and which at the conference were the clos- Perhaps, too, youth found its is dominated by the spirit of ing words of Pastor Elie Laurial greatest sense of unity in the Christ. And in the hearts of of France in his address "Give communion service conducted in youth there was born a desire to us this day our daily bread." Nieuwe Kerk using the Dutch prepare themselves for the gift Said he, "We often dream of a Reformed communion service. that will some day come to our sudden start of salvation which While this form of service was world. Stretching out their would bring together, in one entirely foreign to many dele- hands in common prayer toward single will, all the honest people gates, the gathering together, "Christus Victor" new hopes of the world. But what can be 100 at each sitting, about the were born, for youth found there done outside of Jesus Christ? It long spread table, of those whose the Source that bound them tois you who are our hope. You are confession permitted them to gether in their common underthose of whom we are dreaming. participate in this service, served taking.

[513 ]

And now we have gone again Thanksgiving and recreational activities and to the four corners of the earth, scout-work. Just as important each with a better conception of Doubtless, the majority of us is the personal friendship and the meaning of Christ's words- instinctively think of Thanks- counsel offered to individuals "That they all may be one" but giving when November rolls faced with difficult adjustment also with the great commission around. We consider it a pecu- problems. The Directors often entrusted to us to demonstrate liarly American celebration and, visit the home communities of in our own sphere the meaning in truth, it is even more Amer- the students during vacation. No of "Amsterdam." Only with an ican than we realize for Indian- one can measure the far-reachopen "Book" and the "Spirit" Americans 0 b s e r v e d special ing influence of our religious can youth walk the long, hard times of thanksgiving. They, program in which denominations road which calls for the daily however, were not content with cooperate. practiee of brotherhood in a day one Thanksgiving Day, they had of world conflict, conscious of the eight, for various crops and Gifts from the Indian Girl fact that a world Christian com- special times of gratitude to the munity is the ultimate goal. Great Spirit. It is very possible The gift of restfulness I bring to you, that the idea for what we term And quiet strength of character By means of regional confer- "the first Thanksgiving" did not ences in each state, the ma- originate with our Pilgrim fore- The gift of folk-lore, nature-lore, and chinery for which was set in mo- fathers but was borrowed from love tion at Amsterdam, it is hoped the friendly Indians who conthat the Ams,terdam ideal will be tributed so much to the well- Of all that nature holds I bring to brought to American youth. being of those early settlers. thee. Perhaps no greater benefit could come to any community than the Unfortunately, there was a The mystery of the singing waterfall, impact of the "Amsterdam long period of our history when The secrets of the trees, the talk of spirit" at a time when feelings the white people seemed to forare bound to demonstrate them- get the many friendly deeds of birds, selves in outbursts of hatred and the Indians during the white All are the right and heritage of her misunderstanding am 0 n g na- man's time of need. Fortu- Who owns the Redman as her antional groups in local communi- nately, we are now realizingties. We have only to recall the almost too late! – that the ab- cestor. intense hatreds ensuing from origines with a civilization far This gift is rare and fragrant–let it the last war to visualize what older than ours, had many conwill happen again unless Chris- tributions to make, some of rise tians courageously and actively which we ignored to our sorrow. As incense, as I lay it at your feet. demonstrate justice and goodwill, work for it, sacrifice for it, Thanksgiving is a time of I bring a gift so rare and seldom and pray for it. feasting. This year, when we found sit down to well supplied tables, In a day therefore filled with let us remember that for many I almost tremble at my mission here– paralyzing fear, "Amsterdam" of our foods, we are indebted to The gift of understanding, between sends out its ray of cheer, for its the native Americans. message is one of hope that those "Christus Victor" is not an ideal While feeling grateful for the Who come from different races, difto be longed for, but a goal that gifts of the Indians, let us recan be attained by our striving. member the hundreds of young ferent homes, Nor can that striving be without Indian students whose lives are Whose faces, even, are a different hue. great sacrifice. As Christ drank touched by Christian influence The Indian girl, with understanding his bitter cup, so must youth also through our interdenominational be prepared to accept its Geth- religious work maintained in heart, semane for the powers of dark- five government Indian schools, Can bridge the chasm as few others ness are even now warring one each in Oregon, California, against the powers of Light. New Mexico, Kansas and South dare– But Christ's voice is. still heard. Dakota. We all have a share in Can bridge it as those do who really "Fear not little flock for I have this work through our Boards overcome the world." Christus and by our contributions on the care. Victor! That is the message of World Day of Prayer. No one Amsterdam! And Christian Board can reach young Indians The Indian girl inherits from the past youth from seventy-one nations of so many types, from the most A deep religious impulse, longings are carrying it back to their primitive to those who seem homelands bound together by just like any other young peo- deep ties of friendship and better ple, as by our cooperative ap- To know the real significance of life– understanding, the gift of "Am- proach, we can reach through sterdam." our Religious Education pro- (These lines were written by Miss Dorothy gram. The Directors conduct Cate in 1924 while she was serving as JULIA HEINZ. classes in religious subjects, hold Y. W. C. A. Secretary among Indian girls.) Sunday services, share in social Items of Interest A capable and well-trained young Indian, Agnes Allen, at- tended the Youth Conference in Amsterdam, reported in this issue, as the representative of her race and has been giving in- teresting reports.

An unusual Conference on In- dians was held in Toronto, Can- ada, September 4-16, with dele- gates representing the govern- ment, mission and sociology groups of the United States and Canada. This was the first con- ference of its kind and was so valuable that the group resolved to meet again.

World–wide

A Missionary Newspaper of Current Events EDITED BY MRS. HENRIETTA H. FERGUSON, XENIA, OHIO • p.

NORTH AMERICA "Brotherly relations between and staunch Christian, was edi- "Bowl of Rice" Parties the churches must be main- tor of the Times until his recent tained"-says the memorandum retirement. -Baptist Missionary The second annual series of -in spite of "pressure of censor- Review. "Bowl of Rice" parties, for the ship, of official propaganda, and benefit of sufferers in China, of the whole system of psycho- Presbyterian Gains were held in many parts of the logical mobilization."

United States during the last Preaching should not "create Annual statistics made public part of October. All the funds received, without deduction for hatred of other nations," and by the Presbyterian General Asany expenses, were turned over prayer ought not to "degenerate sembly on August 19 show an to the American Bureau for increase during the past year of Medical Aid to China. As a into a means of national propapart of the plan, a "China Day" ganda." The report asserts also: 24,361 communicant members, was arranged at the New York making the total communicant World's Fair on October 10, "It is the duty of the churches membership now 1,978,095. China's Independence Day. to disentangle patriotism and These figures are based solely religion. . . . God alone is abso- on the number of communicants lute, and He only has a claim to remaining in full standing, ac- our unconditional loyalty."

The "Bowl of Rice" party has The Bible and a Newspaper cording to the strict rules of the become, in the minds of thou- church relating to membership sands of Americans, not only a ANew i York pastor was so and not on the number of bapreminder of the needs of China's impressed by the frequency, ac- tized members, nor on the Preshomeless war victims, but the curacy and aptness of the Bibli- byterian population. T his symbol of America's sympathy. cal quotations in the New York broader constituency is esti- It has proved to be a simple, Times that he noted the follow- mated to be 5,000,000. There is workable means for communi- ing facts about the editorials also an increase over last year ties, clubs, churches, social or- that appeared during one calen- in the Sunday schools of 11,847. ganizations, fraternal orders- dar year: Four hundred and Contributions showed no appregroups of every kind, with a sixty-six Biblical verses, phrases ciable change, while per capita hundred different interests – to and allusions appeared in 367 giving stood at $20.65. unite in a fund-raising effort. editorials spread over 262 days. These parties take the form of Forty-seven books of the Bible Rebuilding Neglected Work teas, dinners, street bazaars, etc. furnished these quotations. Most of the church gatherings Many years ago Methodism are dinners, with speakers on Twenty-two editorial titles re- was the strongest religious China. flected scriptural influence, and movement in the Ozark Moun- four editorials were devoted ex- tain region. Scores of preaching Now That War Has Come clusively to the English Bible. places were manned by itinerant Some editorials held as many as preachers on circuits, but as the The Provisional Committee of four references. years passed many of these the World Council of Churches "A very present help in time places were abandoned and the has issued a memorandum to all of trouble" appeared six times, buildings were either sold to communions and also to national and the parable of the Good Sa- other denominations or fell into governments, suggesting the at- maritan came to the editors' help decay. Now, new efforts are be- ing made to rebuild the work so titude of churches everywhere nine times. during war. This document was These Scripture quotations long neglected. Some preaching prepared by a Board of Strategy gave point to editorials dealing places have been reopened and of thirty-five Christian leaders with sociology, science, educa- congregations encouraged to refrom eleven nations who met in tion, finance, industry, literature, assemble. A new spirit is manicentral Europe this summer on art, philosophy and philan- fest, but because these groups the invitation of the Interna- thropy. Perhaps it is not too cannot support a pastor the tional Justice and Goodwill De- much to say that this can be ac- work must be purely missionary. partment of the Federal Council counted for by the fact that Dr. A case in point is that of a John H. Finley, Bible student little land-locked community of of Churches.

[515 ]

Missouri, 30 miles from a rail- brownstone building on West Texas and Arizona. Those who road or paved highway, where a 89th St., New York City. The work among them say they have group of women decided that building was purchased with the seldom seen such hunger for the they had been without a church gifts of friends, the largest con- Gospel. Rev. Shau Yan Lee, too long. A mile from the post- tributor being Mr. William N. Chinese missionary of the Southoffice stood an abandoned Meth- Cromwell. The four floors of ern Baptist Hom eMission odist church building. The win- the house will all be used for re- Board, conducted a recent redows were gone and the doors ligious purposes, among them vival in Phoenix, Arizona, when had long since been used for being a library and reading most of the time was devoted to campfires. The pews were in- room. The entire second floor visitation in the homes, prayer tact, as was the old pulpit. Hunt- has been made into a sanctuary. meetings, and the use of the ers and fishermen had used the Christian Chart, a type of teachbuilding for shelter in storms. Following the service, a din- ing very successful among the No preacher's voice had been ner was held in the Rumanian Chinese people. heard in that place for many pavilion at. the World's Fair. years. Horia loan Babes there stated Most of the Chinese in San that, when the buildings at the Antonio, Texas, own or work in An offer of a mill owner to World's Fair are demolished, groceries, which are open until donate ground for a new build- much of the material contained nine p. m., so that Bible study ing was accepted and volunteer in the Rumanian pavilion there courses for them begin at that labor completed the erection of will be used in the construction hour. Several have made a proa Methodist Church. How to of a church building, in New fession of faith. In New Orleans, secure a preacher was the next York City. effective work is being done by question; also how to organize a combination of Chinese stua Sunday school for boys and -The Living Church. dents and former missionaries girls who had never seen one. to China. For nearly sixty years, A preacher for one service a Negro Advance Southern Baptists have intermonth was eventually promised, mittently carried on volunteer and a Sunday school is now The New York Times calls at- work for the hundreds of Chiunder way. tention to a statement by Dr. nese, who at times have num- Thomas Jesse Jones, Educational bered as high as 500. -Christian Advocate. Director of the Phelps Stokes Fund, in which he gave a sum- Indian Wanted "New Birth" Another Labor Church mary, concise and factual, of the Negro's economic status, health, In 1879 at Wrangell, Alaska, Preliminary steps have been distribution in trades, educa- Aaron Kohanow, an Indian who taken to organize a Lab 0 r tional progress, population in- had been a sorcerer, gave his Church in Cleveland, Ohio, sim- crease, political and legal rights, reason for wishing to join the ilar to the Labor Temple in religious organizations, wealth church: "I understand very sol- New York City. Rev. F"'ank T. and property. Among the direct emn thing to join the Church. Berry, Director of a Presby- results of schools and colleges it Indians don't understand as well terian Neighborhood HJuse in is noted that 155 Negroes have as white man about it. Willing Cleveland, is chairman of a com- been elected to the Phi Beta to go on looking to God to help mittee which will have charge Kappa fraternity, whose mem- me. Understand how Christ has of the work. Assisting Mr. bership is based on scholarship; spoken that I must be born Berry is a group of young Pres- that 132 Negroes in a period again. I want new birth." byterian ministers and commu- stretching from 1876 to 1936, Aaron was one of 24 charter nity leaders. This new church have won the degree, Doctor of members of the first Presbywill have the support and ap- Philosophy, and that twelve are terian Church in Alaska, which proval of the Presbytelfian listed in American Men of was also the first Protestant and Church, local and national. Science and 100 in Who's Who the first American Church there. in America. The most depress- Its organization was historically A considerable n u m b e r of ing fact is that over 500,000 important. churches in Cleveland p""e com- Negro children are still out of posed largely of industrial work- school. . . . But the Negroes, On July 16, 1939, this church ers. A distinctive church cen- themselves, have a song that celebrated sixty years of service. ter, under an able ministry will they may all now sing: 'Full of A feature of the program was a go far to advance the cause of faith the dark past has taught prayer offered by Mrs. Tamaree, Ch'ristianity. us' and 'Full of hope that the an elder, who was once described present has brought us.' " by S. Hall Young as "the ex- -Christian Century. ample bright and shining of In view ·of its handicaps the what Christianity can accom- Rumanian Church in New York race's advance is remarkable. plish in a most difficult field." Trained native leaders are now On July 23, the Orthodox Ru- Chinese Centers in the South found in church, school and hosmanian Church, which has 2,000 pital. -Monday Morning. members, was consecrated with About 8,000 Chinese live in impressive ceremonies at their the South, many of them in

OUR WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

Oanada to Have a Mosque ona crucifix; with the result costly an undertaking. Church that there is a tremendous drift members met to consider what It is reported in a Canadian toward atheism. could be done, with the result journal that work has been that each community agreed to started in Edmonton, B. C., on -Life of Faith. share in providing material and the first Mohammedan mosque labor. The women's part was to ever built in Canada. It is to be Permitted in Mexico serve meals to the workers. completed this autumn and is to Rocks were brought in dug-out cost $6,000. Canada has about Protestant groups are able to canoes, kerosene cases of sand 2,000 Mohammedans. In Ed- carryon their work quietly in were carried in on backs of bulls, monton alone there are about Mexico, in spite of restrictions lumber was sawed out in the 150, and 350 in the province of laid down by the government. hills and brought down. One Alberta. The name that appears While the Salvation Army has group in an outlying district on the building permit, issued work in more than eighty coun- burned lime and brought it in by the city building department, tries of the world, Mexico's laws canoes. One man did all the is "The Arabian Moslem Asso- made it practically impossible masonry as his contribution. ciation of Edmonton." for the Army to enter; yet Night after night one could hear World Dominion reports that a these Christians singing as they LATIN AMERIOA young Mexican, a former Gov- worked, sometimes until mid:- ernment official and Communist night. Problems in South America leader, was converted, and, with- out knowing anything of the When the work was completed When nearly 4,000 Christian Salvation iArmy or its methods, it was found that the entire cost people, induding 300 active mis- began work in the slums of Mex- was less than $100, for a wall sionaries, met at the Keswick ico City among drunkards and conservatively valued at $1,000. Convention in England, twelve other human wreckage, on lines word pictures of mission activi- very similar to those employed Samana is considered the ties were given by workers in by the Army. A number of zeal- most dominantly Protestant of the societies represented at the ous young people joined him. all the Dominican Republic. The convention. One of them, Mr. Street meetings were held in de- "Lord's Acre" plan has been J. Savage, invited his hearers to fiance of the law, and, when ar- adopted, and each fall rice, accompany him in spirit to Ama- rested, the leaders continued to beans, plantain, bananas, chickzonia, where the exploitation of preach the gospel in jail. The ens, calves, etc., are brought to the Indians for rubber had re- number of transformed lives at the church grounds to be sold in duced the once mighty tribes to last convinced the Government an open market, the proceeds gosorry remnants. As the white that it was expedient to allow ing to the church. A traveler men advanced with their vices this work to continue un- through this part of the Republic and diseases, the natives had re- molested. may hear these Negroes singing treated into the vast forests, and as they work the same old spirtoday it costs life itself to make Negroes in Dominican ituals sung by their ancestors of contacts with these tribal In- Republic the old South a century ago. dians. Much work had been going on in the vast marshlands In the vicinity of Samana, -Five Continents. of the Chaco, Paraguay, Argen- Dominican Republic, live about tina and Bolivia, and it is now 2,000 Negroes, descendants of The Gospel Takes Root harvest time in these countries. American Negroes who settled there in 1824. Approximately a About twelve years ago a The Indians in the highlands fourth of them are Protestant young couple who lived in the of Peru, Ecuador and Colombia church members, under the care country near Higuey, Santo Dohad been led by those who caUed of the Board of Christian Work mingo, wanted to be married by themselves Christians into idola- for Santo Domingo. Evangeli- a Protestant minister, but local try; but there is at present a cal work was started among prejudice was too strong. Tragspirit of inquiry among the shep- them by English Wesleyan edy might have resulted, so a herd Indians. Methodists in 1837. There was civil wedding had to suffice. The a time when these people kept story did not end there, how- Vast distances have to be trav- up their church work without a ever. The young bridegroom eled and towering altitudes pastor; in 1931 the Board for had found Christ and wished to climbed to reach the shepherd Christian work assumed respon- serve Him. Personal work in Indians, but doors are wide open sibility for them. homes, with a service now and for itinerating missionaries to then in a country district, teach native workers. Because of its high location, brought a sman group to the the ground on which their Master. They felt the need of Spanish and Portuguese peo- church was located was gradual- their own chapel and set to work ple, descendants of the conquer- ly being washed away, and it with logs, palm boards, palm ors of South America, have ac- was obvious that a protecting leaves for the thatched roof, all quired education and civilization, wall must be built around it. furnished by the people thembut not the open Bible; their But there was no money for so selves. The result – a little only conception of Christ is that chapel on a hilltop where people of a helpless babe or a dead body

worship God and find peace for launched over a year ago when spent his holidays driving about their souls. the local Committee on Coopera- England in a dog cart, begging tion recommended that a specia,l The story goes on. The same study be made of plans for a Bibles. When he had filled his man, always busy preaching the more representative organiza- cart he brought his collection Gospel by word and deed has tion. As a result of that meet- home and distributed the Bibles just built a new home, and the ing, attended by forty-four in- among local post offices in two old home where he found Christ vited guests representing un- counties of Southern Ireland, has been repaired and dedicated officially seventeen Protestant with a written notice in the winas a chapel. So, another definite denominations and organiza- dow that they were for sale at religious center has been opened tions, a committee of nine was cheap prices. Walking along a in a section where formerly peo- appointed to formulate definite London street in 1802, he saw a ple refused to have anything to plans. In July of last year this placard announcing a meeting do with the Evangelical cause. committee approved a provi- "to consider the propriety of sional constitution for presenta- forming a Society for the Dis- Japanese in Brazil tion of the various church bodies tribution of the Scriptures." It and requested that official dele- was from this meeting that the Bishop W. M. M. Thomas of gates be designated. The move- British and Foreign Bible So- Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, ment is considered the most ciety developed. Going back to has completed his annual visit to important step in church coop- Ireland, Mr. Shaw announced a 29 Japanese Christian missions eration that has been taken in similar meeting in Dublin, but in the state of Sao Paulo, accom- the past 20 years. -Advance. it attracted only enough people panied by Rev. J. Y. Ito, Jap- to fill one pew. However, the anese director of these missions. EUROPE idea was planted and the or- Ten missions were visited for the ganization developed and grew. first time and the Bishop reports Another Experiment in Considerable work now goes on that everywhere he saw signs of Scotland in distributing Scripture in Iremarked spiritual growth. land itself. Beside this, the So- The Church of Scotland is al- ciety has two colporteurs with The method of the Protestant ways ready to tryout new ideas motor van working in Morocco, Episcopal Church is the opposite and methods wherever there is Algiers, and Tunis, and in addito that of the Roman Catholics, hope that they may prove to be tion eighteen colporteurs and who baptize the children before practical. A minister, who has Bible women selling Scripture in their parents are converted. The been working for two years other foreign fields. Episcopal clergy try to bring a among the Youth Hostels, which knowledge of Christ first to the are now so numerous in Scot- -Sunday School Times. adults, and through them to the land has conceived the plan of children; thus the children are a fellowship of the "open road." War and Religion in France provided Christian training in "Christian Highway," as the the home, and the church is built movement is called, consists of The gravity of the internaupon a more sure foundation. members who are keen on the tional situation has seemingly country, cyclists, hikers and revived an interest in religion in Japanese immigration to Bra- others. They possess a suitable France. Newspapers contain zil began about fifteen years ago; badge, and a buHetin is issued short paragraphs calling attenthere are now more than 200,000 monthly. One of the chief aims tion to the helpful influence of there. They are law-abiding, is to organize circles of the mem- religion in times of trouble, and orderly and honest; of a mystic bers for discussing and clarify- booksellers are displaying an type of mind, and feel that life is ing religious problems and be- unusual number of religious incomplete without spiritual in- liefs, and for practicing speak- books. It is significant that fluence; but they must be con- ing. The work is linked up with while anti-God forces have been, vinced of the truth of the Gospel. a particular parish church New- in recent years, most active Mr. Ito, supervisor of the Epis- ark, Port – Glasgow, and the among French youth, it is among copal mission to Japanese, keeps pioneer, the Rev. D. Macgilliv- these youth, both Catholic and in touch with all baptized Chris- ray, has an office in Glasgow. Protestant, that the reaction is tians and visits them at least most marked. Twenty-five thouonce a year. -United Church Review. sand members of an organiza- tion of young artisans, a Cath- -Spirit of Missions. The Irish Bible Society olic group, publicly witnessed to their religion, while a like spirit Confederation of Argentine The Bible is taxed at the cus- is manifest among Protestant Churches toms gateway to the Irish Free youth who direct the Scout State, whose popUlation is 95 Movement. It has been proposed Cooperation among Protestant per cent Roman Catholic. In to have the movement known churches in the River Plate area 1806 a Hibernian Bible Society more definitely as a Christian was furthered when twenty-five was founded which still flour- organization. The increasing representatives of eight denom- ishes. Its founder was Rev. membership of the Bible Union, inations officially established a Robert Shaw of Kilkenny who and the unprecedented number Confederation of Protestant Churches. The project was

OUR WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

of summer camps arranged by Church, the declaration added, homes, possessions, work, fu- ture or hope. It is the special Christian leaders for French "seeks to do away with that responsibility of our Bureau to rescue the Protestant families youth this year, indicate the gen- which Jesus Christ has bought among the Spanish refugees, as well as to assist those who have eral religious awakening. by His bitter suffering: for remained in Spain, in very pre- carious circumstances." A new note of urgency is Christ has created of Jews and Gentiles one Holy Body, the one -Christian Advocate. heard in sermons; churches are conducting evangelistic c a m- Christian Church. Now it re- Communists Have a "Bible" paigns. "Every Christian a erects the wall of partition missionary" is now a popular broken down by Christ, and thus A book with a first edition of slogan which expresses this new 10,000,000 copies is in the same spirit. turns the Christian Church into class with "Mein Kampf." Rus- a pharisaical sect." sians will think this an odious comparison, but the fact remains -Advance. that their "History of the Com- munist Party of the Soviet Nazis Ease Up On Churches Relief Hampered in Spain Union" issued that many copies for its first edition just after The war has had the effect of The American Friends' Serv- the New Year, and probably modifying the Nazi strife with ice Committee, which has been more than twenty or thirty milthe German Con f e s s ion a I aiding Spanish refugees, found lion copies will be sold within Church, according to a report the relief work so hampered that the next few years. There are from their Synod. The motive it has been given up. "Franco twelve chapters in the book, behind this is the effort to assured us he would like to have with an appendix called "conachieve national unity, so neces- us continue the work until we clusions" and another appendix sary in the conduct of the war. are ready to retire, but it is evi- called "explanation of terms." Politics in sermons is not per- dent that he wants the food, not There seems little doubt that mitted, to be sure, and most ser- us," was the report of the di- Stalin wrote most of it, chiefly mon themes emphasize that this rector of this work. Foodstuffs because the book is too imporwar is a punishment sent from intended for Spain's 100,000 tant for him to be willing to God for falling away from half-starved children were al- leave the writing of it to any Christ. The Confessional Church lotted according to political in- one else. reports that church services are fluence, not on the basis of need. only slightly improved in attend- It was even reported that chil- The book is more than a hisance; this in contrast with the dren were forced to sing Na- tory of the party; it is literally situation in 1914, when churches tionalist songs before they were a communist "Bible," a guide to were packed. This is probably allowed anything to eat. In some correct communist thinking on due to anti-church activity, set instances, the food was given to every sort of problem; in short, in motion by the present govern- soldiers instead of to children. it contains what every commument since it came to power. nist should know. War prayer hours have been in- Last June the International Committee of Evangelization in -New York Times. troduced gradually. Spain (which includes almost all denominations having work AFRICA It is estimated that 42 per in Spain) met in Paris; and cent of all the ministers may be among their conclusions is one Religious Literature in Egypt called up for war service. Re- advising the pastors not to retired pastors are taking the The future of literary work place of those called. turn to Spain, in view of the re- in Egypt is promising, and most encouraging is the opportunity Nazi Church Policy port that all are liable to be sent among students, for with them Repudiated to concentration camps. English lies the future of Egypt. The missionaries desirous of return- number of students who attend Christian meetings is negligible; The largest single bloc of op- ing to Spain have not received therefore, they must be reached by the printed page, and this position to the Nazi church pol- any reply to their request for printed page must present its vital message in attractive form. icy has been the declaration permission to return; the im- The modern Egyptian student no longer enj oys the cumberrepudiating a statement of pression is that no such permis- some phraseology of the past; western influence is very marked eleven leaders of the Nazi wing sion will ever be granted by the in the new Arabic literature; sonorous repetition and abstruse of the G e r man Evangelical Franco government. dialectics have given place to a Church who professed agree- Dr. William H. Foulkes, Chair- ment with the principles of the man of the American Executive "national church." The Council Committee of the Central Bureau of the Evangelical Church of the of Relief of the Evangelical old Prussian Union vigorously Churches of Europe on behalf rejects "the application of politi- of Spanish refugees, says: "One cal standards to the life of the of the most terrible of the refu- Church" and asserts that the gee problems is the situation of men responsible for the "national· Spanish exiles in the south of Church" document have "shown France. Condemned to die if themselves to be enemies of the they go back; fated to destitu- Cross of Christ." A national tion if they do not. Without

simple, direct style. It is un- Sayo to "strengthen the breth- of Christian living; heard the fortunate that much of the ren" wrote an unusual letter to Easter music sung at dawn with Christian literature is written in the United Presbyterian Board an enthusiasm that could come the style of the past. in Pittsburgh: only from the heart.

The fact that modern educa- The place where the work of the Another impression is the tion is fast producing a genera- Gospel goes on is a lovely and beau- marked difference bet wee n tionof materialists proves the tiful one. Not long ago the place was America and Africa, in that the need -of a Christian Apologetic. not inhabited; now it is almost a vil- Church in America has per- The younger generation also lage for more than fifty of the breth- meated society for so many gen- ren have built their houses there. erations that the line between needs to be shown the Christian They are living happily together, re- Christian and non-Christian is way of grappling with problems joicing in their ability to help each not clearly defined; in the Cam- other, that God has been so good to eroun, that distinction is immeof a sociological and ethical na- them, that they are able to preach the diately obvious. A woman misture, which have been brought Gospel in love and peace. sionary expressed this when she to the fore by the westernization said: "I would not want to stay 1'he spirit of Christ seems to be alone in a village where there is of Egyptian life and habits. abundant. One night five elders and not one Christian." Converts -Blessed Be Egypt. three deacons came to spend the eve- come into the church out of sav- ning with me. We could not seem to agery, witchcraft, dense igno- Morocco: Islam's Stronghold get through talking; at 3 a. m. we rance. Again, the American were not satisfied, but Gidada led us thinks in terms of the future. No organized missionary work in prayer and thanksgiving. Those in Africa are faced with the grave question whether in was carried on in Morocco before I thank God that I saw the work of the present world chaos the na- the Gospel that shines in Sayo district tive church can survive if left to 1880, with the exception of that with my own eyes, not only by news, itself. Mr. Horner answers this though that is good. I thank God with an unqualified yes. He beof the Franciscan Friars, Ca- again and again for being among lieves that the native pastors and them and seeing, not only news by evangelists, trained in the mistholicism's most liberal Order. mouth, but by eyes. sion seminary, the teachers, nurses, medical boys, and many The British and Foreign Bible Aggrey Memorial thousands of Christian laymen are as zealous as any Christians Society appointed an agent for Achimota College, on the Gold anywhere. Coast, proposes to erect a chapel Morocco in 1882; he and his in memory of Dr. Aggrey, first Congo Prayers appointed member of the staff wife worked successfully among and first Vice-Principal. So far, Congolese women are praying the College has had no chapel women. A writer in the Congo the Moors for many years. In building, and now that ten years News Letter asked the women of of its existence have been com- her Sunday school to write out 1883, the North Africa Mission pleted it is felt that a chapel is some of their prayers; and here needed "to witness to the Afri- is one offered upon awaking in was formed, and now has a chain cans' artistic heritage through the morning: the use of some of the best art of stations throughout the north- work of the students; to stand Our Lord God, we thank thee for freedom from anyone ex- For keeping us safely throughout the ern areas of both Morocco and clusive manner of worship, and so to offer opportunity for the night. Algeria. Since 1923, the Bible growth of an African contribu- We were asleep like the dead. tion to Christian worship and to We knew nothing. Churchman's Missionary Society stand for the cooperation of all But in thy love we awoke tribes, nat ion s, races and With renewed health and strength. has engaged in pioneer work in churches." -The Chronic~e. We want you to go out with us And keep us in daytime as at night. Morocco, and six stations have New Missionary Discoveries been opened. Amen. Rev. Norman A. Horner is The area southeast of Casa- one of the recruits sent out to Congo mothers teach this eve- Africa as a result of the Presby- ning prayer to their children: blanca, seaport town, is being terian Centennial Fund. After only a few weeks on the field he My eyes I am going to close. evangelized by the Southern has gathered a host of impres- God, you are the soldier [guard] in sions, and some of them he has Morocco Mission. Five stations written for the Drum Call. Mr. my heart. Horner has found that it is true Take away sorrow, fear and evil. have been opened on the main that "the African is receptive to The angels will obey you, 0 God, the Christian message," having Safely keep me through the night. coastal route between Casa- now seen for himself the bark and mud chapels, crowded with Amen. blanca and Agadir – a distance black faces that reflect the joy And they even have "hoeing of about 350 miles. In a south- prayers," offered as the women easterly direction there are three mission stations within 200 miles of Casablanca, including the historic city of Marrakech. At all these stations the Gospel is continually being presented to the people, hand in hand with educational and medical activi- -Life of Faith. ties.

The Gospel in Ethiopia The little Christian Church of Sayo has been without a shepherd since the beginning of the Italian domination of Ethiopia, but has been faithfully witnessing all the while. An evangelist who went from Addis Ababa to

OUR WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

start their day's work in the ing in the country's literature, It was amazing to find how many garden: Tel-Aviv Jews came for Bibles. after having been replaced by a Father be with me now as I begin to Another avenue of approach hoe. Romanized alphabet. is the medical one. The clinic attracts Jews like a magnet. You have planned that by working Changes have been made in Jews who do not wish to hear and perspiring people receive about the Messiah in meetings their food. Amen. the cabinet which will undoubt- are attracted by the manifesta- tion of His love in healing their Be with me today as I work together edly be reflected in attitudes to- diseases. with you. ward the c,llUrches throughout The Arabian Mission Hear me, I pray, in thy name. Amen. Dear Lord God, Turkey. At the present moment From the annual report of this Now I am going to work with my hoe, Mission some salient facts stand Turn away from my garden all prowl- it is impossible to say whether out: ing evil. these changes will be for good 1. Arabia is fast changing; every Also give me strength to do my work report rings with the effect of changes or ill. -Advance. political, economic and social. well. Amen. Eggs as Hospital Fees 2. With these changes come in- African Ambassadors creased difficulties, western atheism, A weekly clinic has been indifference and nationalism. Yambuya and Rebecca, an opened in Deir-ez-Zor, Syria, by elderly Christian c 0 u pIe at the medical mission staff at 3. The Church of Christ in Arabia Yakusu Station, begged the priv- Buseirah, at the junction of the is emerging. Bahrein has organized ilege of going to teach the Gos- Euphrates and Tigris Rivers. a church committee; Muscat has the pel to the Lokele people on the The town government is cooper- nucleus. Lualaba, fisher folk. Before they ating in this venture. It was deleft home, Rebecca spoke at a cided that the fee for clinical 4. With the dawn of a new day in women's meeting at Yakusu and services be paid in eggs, the Arabia come larger demands on our said: "Paul went journeys to number depending upon the ser- institutions in the form of efficiency, tell the Good News, the white iousness of the condition treat- equipment and personnel. missionaries do the same, and ed; so the clinic is crowded, and now Yambuya and I are going eggs are at a premium. One en- Perhaps the most urgent need too, and God will be with us. terprising person tried to dis- is women's medical work. In the Pray for us sometimes. The pose of a basket of cracked eggs whole of Iraq there is only one Lokele people look for fish; we to the waiting patients. woman doctor. are going to fish too, and bring men and women into the net -Monday Morning. Along the 400 odd miles of which is His Church." rough road between Baghdad Tel-Aviv, Jewish Stronghold and Basrah there is not a single Presently, came Yambuya's hospital where major surgery is first letter: "We gathered the The Jews do not permit any done. Iraq regulations require people for prayer, and many Christian teaching or meeting in the presence of at least two licame to look at us. I preached this 100 per cent Jewish city of censed doctors at every major on the words of John the Bap- 100,000 inhabitants. "Tel-Aviv," operation. tist, 'Repent, for the Kingdom they say, "is our own city, and of Heaven is at hand.' In the we do not want to hear about INDIA whole village there was not a your Christianity in our Jewish single book. I urged them to city. Go to Jaffa and preach Hindu Editor Converted buy books, and they bought Christ to the Arabs, but not to hymn books, Testaments, Gos- us." Like the Jews in the Book The following letter was writpels, catechisms, primers, stories of the Acts, they have "stopped ten by the editor of an Indian of Jesus. There are seven in the their ears." weekly to a staff member of the town of Ponthierville who had C.M.S. in Calcutta. The Chrisbeen baptized, and seven in the Nominally, there is full reli- tian, to which he refers, is pubnative Lokele village." gious liberty in Palestine, but lished in London. actually none in Tel-Aviv. Chris- WESTERN ASIA tian activity there would be per- Until recently I hated Christianity, secuted as severely as in Soviet and through the press I carried on Changes in Turkey Russia. But the European Har- anti-Christian propaganda. While in vest Field says that Christian a hospital an evangelist approached With the death of Kemal periodicals are sent by post to me with a few copies of The Chris- Pasha, the secularizing policy of numerous addresses in that city, tian. I began to hate him, and told the Turkish Government seems and Christian literature is dis- him to be off. But he stood firm and to be set aside, and new stress tributed to passers-by on the implored me to take at least one magis being put upon the develop- streets of the suburbs. Last azine and read it. ment of Islam. Mohammedan Easter, a copy of the Watchman, leaders who had been very quiet issued in this way, annoilnced When I was gazing at him, sudwhile the dictator lived have re- that anyone who wished a free denly a remarkable change came appeared on the scene; even copy of the Bible could have one over me. I felt that some inner voice Arabic characters are reappear- between four and six o'clock on compelled me to take the magazine a certain day at the Hall Pennel. and read it. Oh, what a joyous day! I immediately read a few passages from The Christian. I was moved when I read· the words of Christ to

Nicodemus: "Verily, verily, I say in the history of the Christian study India from the viewpoint unto you, except a man be born again, Church. Next year, in accord- of what natural resources there he cannot see the kingdom of God." ance with a suggestion of the are in the land which can be used Today, I have experienced this new Madras Conference, the develop-· in new and undeveloped indushirth, and I am filled with joy. God ment of Indian thought will be tries for which there will be a has illumined my mind. one of the topics of study. This world market; what legal reg- will furnish opportunity for ulations should be made; what The Madrassi youth took us to the Hindu Christians to make a val- "protective" tariffs, if any, Indian pastor, where myself, my wife, uable contribution to the Ash- would be required; what educaand my two daughters accepted Christ ram. tional changes should be made as our personal Saviour, and we four to prepare millions of boys and were baptized. Now we are able to It was voted this year that the girls for a new industrial life; see with our mind's eye distinctly our Ashram home be known as the in fact, the whole needs of a names written in the "Lamb's Book "Christa Darsana Ashram," or great people embarking into a of Life." "the Ashram of the Vision of new world. Christ." I thank you, Sir, for this spiritual Beyond question, this is a work which you are doing in India, "Servants of India Society" large order, but if the Christian directly and indirectly. Kindly send Church-the most humanitarian me a few' more copies of The Chris- Last June this Society, India's and unselfish body working in tian. I am going back to Lahore to- finest social service organization, India today, and with no pernight in great haste. I came here as completed thirty-four years of sonal axes to grind – does not a sinner, but am going back as a child its history. It does not strive help solve the problem, then who of God. for numbers, but the magnificent will ?asks William W. Reed, of work done is indicated in its 52- the Methodist Board of Foreign May God Almighty bless you and page report of last year's activi- Missions. -Foreign Affairs. your workers with a crown of life and ties for the motherland. Those glory. Kindly pray for me and my entering the Society take seven The Ohurch Has a Job family. vows: (1) My country shall be first in my thoughts, and I will Dr. Ambedkar's suggested School of Hinduism give to her the best service that solution of India's economic is in me. (2) I will seek no per- problems is in sharp contrast It is announced that a School sonal advantage for myself. (3) with Gandhi's ideas. While of Hinduism under Christian I will work for the advancement Gandhi envisions India's rural leadership will be opened in of all Indians, regardless of millions remaining in their agri- Benares in December, and ex- caste or creed. (4) I will be con- cultural villages and adding to tend through January and Feb- tent with such provision for my their self-sufficiency by the pracruary. The school will include needs as the Society is able to tice of ancient crafts, Dr. Ama study of the institutions and make. (5) I will lead a pure bedkar sees no economic hope life of the sacred city of the personal life. (6) I will not en- except through a thorough in- Hindus: experiences among the gage in any quarrel with any- dustrialization. He is well aware throngs of pilgrims d uri n g one. (7) I will never do any- of the evils that accompany inmelas, at holy places and seats thing inconsistent with the aims dustry in America, and is quite of sacred learning; classroom of the Society.-Dnyanodaya. as anxious to avoid them as is lectures by visiting Hindu pro- Gandhi; but he counts on the fessors and experienced Chris- A Ohallenge to the Ohurch development of a social policy in tian workers, and the library India which, as that country beresources of Hindu schools and In spite of all the new canals, comes industrialized, shall set up colleges. Conducted tours will irrigation wells, and other de- standards and regulations prosupplement the work. vices that have been brought tecting the worker from exploi- into service in India during the tation and preventing enormous An attempt will be made to past century, the increase in the profits from going into private embody bot h scientific and food supply of the nation has not and foreign pockets. Dr. Am- Christian attitudes. On a foun- kept pace with the increase in bedkar believes India, when she dation of an understanding of population during the same pe- awakes to her situation, can the Hindu religion and culture, riod. Health measures, famine draw upon the two hundred year the school will attempt to relate prevention, sanitation and the experience of industrialism in the Christian worker to the peace guaranteed by Great Brit- other countries, and thus avoid Hindu in such ways as may ain, all have tended to increase many of the mistakes and evils; promise greater success in the the population, and increase the and he is calling on the Christask of evangelism. hunger. tian Church to help. Since it has demonstrated a genuine interest -The Indian Witness. Dr. Ambedkar is challenging in the welfare of India's people, the Christian Church to appoint let it appoint a commission of Ashram Fellowship a commission of agricultural, agricultural, economic, indus- economic, social welfare, indus- trial, educational and social wel- The Secretary of the Kodai- trial and educational experts to kanal Ashram says that one of the most important parts of the fellowship is that of discussion and study. This year, the discussions centered around "The Place of non-Violence in a World of Conflict"; also non-violence

OUR WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

fare experts to study India's in- The First of Its Kind they have taken a noble part, not dustrial possibilities and recom- only administering government mend a comprehensive body of The first annual Religious funds but giving of their own economic and social measures, Education Institute of Burma limited means. Much of their ,gays Dr. Ambedkar. was planned to meet the need for best work is being done along leadership training. The Insti- the lines of adult education- -Christian Century. tute ran concurrently with the in reading, writing and politics. annual BJble Assembly for 10 They are teaching the victims of Contrasts in Outcaste Villages days and then continued for the war that they are members of a 10 following days. More than 50 human family that includes the Rev. A. M. Chirgwin of the chosen leaders from the religious weak and needy everywhere; Lon don Missionary Society, and school centers of Burma that their suffering will surely after presenting some contrasts were in attendance the full 20 pave the way for a new and betin Africa to show what Chris- days. Six courses were offered ter China. Their aim is the tianity has done, has given, in a as follows: building of a strong and peacerecent issue of the Chronicle, ful China for the future. One some pictures of India to show 1. Old Testament Teaching Values point has been agreed upon by that the same process is going 2. Methods (Primary Children). the great majority of Christian on there. Mr. Chirgwin spent 3. Methods (Junior Children). students, and that is that whata day and a half visiting Chuck- 4. How to Lead a Meeting and W or- ever is done must be done withler villages in Erode. The out hate in their hearts. One leather workers are regarded as ship. cannot escape the conviction that belonging to the lowest caste. 5. Personal Religious Living. China is advancing more stead- They are untouchables to the 6. Understanding Our Children. ily than before the war began, so farmers, who control the wells, that the Japanese, in their deterand are forced to live in un- -Missions. mination to destroy China, have, speakable hovels attached to the instead, accelerated her growth. caste village, and to do the most Weaving School in Tibet menial duties of the community -World Outlook. life; the recompense is so A venture in industrial mismeager that they are compelled sion work that is much appre- Communist Change of Heart to live on a very low scale. Their ciated is the Mission Weaving homes are poor huts without Technical School at Leh, where Chinese communists h a v e windows. Christi,ans and others are taught largely changed their front to- to weave Himalayan blankets ward Christianity. Instead of From there he went to see and broadcloth, started last April manifesting their former hossome Chri,stian Chuckler vil- and proving a success. It will tility, they are giving Chinese lages, only half a mile away. not be long before the sales of Christians unrestricted freedom One could not fail to see they pure wool blankets will practi- to distribute the Gospel among were different. Most of the cally pay for the running ex- their own following, and to evanroofs were of tiles; most of the penses of the school. At present, gelize the people wherever they walls whitewashed; many of three Christian boys are learn- can. One of their generals who the houses had verandas, and ing to weave, and when they be- had been a bitter foe of Chriswere clean. The villagers wore come competent to manage a tianity acknowledged his error clothes instead of rags; hardly loom themselves, they will be by declaring that the missiona child had disease due to filth. taught how to make and as- aries of the Gospel had been a It had taken forty years to work semble a loom with which they great help to the cause of China, this transformation, but it was can go out to earn their living. and that communists wanted to the steady, persistent influence It is hoped eventually to have cooperate with them for the that made the change. One vil- an instructor in the making of good of the Chinese people. lage visited has a building which Lhassa rugs and carpets. This serves for both school and will be an additional way by -The Lutheran. church; here the children are which the young people may taught, and the whole village has earn their living. Threat of Death for Christians regular Christian worship. Mr. Chirgwin asked an Indian Chris- -Moravian Missions. The North China Daily News tian minister how long it takes, for August 4 publishes the folafter a village has "come over," CHINA lowing story from Peiping. It before one can see improvements was received in Washinglj;on, in the home and village life. Students and the War September 7. On a Sunday in "Not less than ten years," he August, three truck loads of said. "But if the Christian in- When the war in China anti-British pickets surrounded fluence is maintained and in- started, students were ordered an English Baptist Church in struction regularly given, the to return to their classes wher- Taiyuanfu during the evening change that takes place will be ever possible. General Chiang service. very great." made it clear that the students must be preserved for the fu- At the conclusion of the serv- ture. However, this has not ice, they arrested and put in meant inaction on the part of the students; relief work has been their special responsibility and

jail the entire congregation of only by climbing a long, winding What of Manchuria? 150 Chinese. After being de- path, he has erected a unique tained for three days, the women group of buildings, a temple of Ever since war clouds passed and children were released, while Christ, a pilgrims' hall and dor- over Manchuria in 1931, reconthe anti-British Committee in- mitory in the Chinese style of struction has been the order of formed the missionaries that un- architecture. The most devoted the day. The Christian Church less they evacuated, an unpleas- Buddhist monks on pilgrimage is finding that it must re-think ant fate, possible execution, from India pass through this hill many problems and meet new would face the Chinese members country from monastery to mon- situations. This applies alike to of the congregation. astery, and often include a visit Bible Societies. The people of to this Christian one. During this land are turning to the In order to save these men their stay they receive positive Bible and God in increasing from possible torture and death, Christian teaching from one who numbers. the missionaries agreed to with- has made a lifelong study of draw, closing the missions. and Buddhism. The unique Gospel -Bible Society Record. the hospital. They are at pres- of Christ is presented in a setent marooned at Shihchiach- ting familiar and not alien to New Dalai Lama wang, where they are waiting them. Already some sixty monks for the floods to subside. and priests have been baptized. Tibet has been without a sov- Dr. Reichelt also conducts a ereign since 1933, when the Christian Books by the school of religion, in which there Dalai Lama died, for the usual Truck Load are forty resident students pre- divination had failed to produce paring for service in the Inter- one that fulfilled all require- The Christian Literature So- Scandinavian Christian Mission ments. Tibetans do not believe ciety built a new depot at Kum- to Buddhists. that their Grand Lama dies, but ming, capital of Yunnan, hoping that from time to time he lays it might become a distributing – Watchman-Examiner. aside his human envelop, to be center for Christian literature in rejuvenated at a later time. free China. But the demand for Bible Training in Shansi The boy selected must be bebooks far exceeded estimates, tween four and five years of age, and the word from Kumming is A pastor of the China Inland and four were chosen, one each "Send us books, more and more Mission in Shansi has estab- from north, south, east and west. books." It was of no use to lished a Bible Training Institute These four have been kept plead with shipping companies, on a two-acre site near a river under severe observation for a for the one Uttle narrow gauge bank. Enclosed within mud year. The year has now passed railway leading to free China walls are rows of rooms, each and it is supposed that the can handle only a small fraction ten feet square. These simply proper choice has been made. of what is required; the port is furnished rooms are the homes The boy's parents are plain clogged with freight awaiting of the workers. There is a din- Tibetan farmers. Mr. F. D. shipment. ing room which also serves as Learner, of the China Inland chapel, a library and a class- Mission, asked the privilege of In desperation, the Bible So- room. meeting the little new dalai lama. ciety decided to buy a truck and and gave him some Tibetan Gostransport the books themselves. For six months in the year the pel text cards which he eagerly The scheme was not without premises are empty, the team accepted. risk. The roads are bad, there having scattered in twos and is danger of bombing, for the threes, going eve r y w her e JAPAN-CHOSEN trucks may be mistaken for gov- preaching the Word. ernment ones. Besides, the truck The Situation Summed Up might break down. But the need Since devastation came to was urgent, so two truck loads Shansi, the team's motto is: The Presbyterian Survey deof Bibles, one of Christian lit- "Redeeming the time because scribes the position of the Chriserature and one of mission sup- the days are evil." Requirements tian Church in Japan somewhat plies started to cross south and of membership are: as follows: (1) Eighty years central China. of constructive missionary ac- 1. A clear experience of con- tivity has deeply planted the -Foreign Affairs. version. Church of Christ, although it is a minority in numbers. (2) Christian Monastery 2. A definite caB to preach the Self-support is the established Gospel. Preaching is not a policy. Most of the outside con- Dr. Karl Reichelt, a Nor- means of earning one's living. tributions go to the support of wegian scholar, has founded a the missionaries. (3) The in- Christian monastery in China. 3. Willingness to live by faith. digenous workers are adequately He is not a monk nor head of 4. Willingness to receive the trained to meet the ordinary any order, but is devoting him- admonition of fellow workers needs of the native churches, self to winning Buddhist priests and to serve the Lord with pa- but their number is inadequate. and monks to Christianity. On tience and diligence. (4) Strangely enough, foreigna secluded tableland, accessible 5. Willingness to live a frugal ers, because they are foreigners, life. 6. An earnest desire for the infilling of the Holy Spirit.

OUR WORLD-WIDE OUTLOOK

enjoy greater consideration than Japanese Christians preclude the work may expand eventually to idea of large numbers of them include work for Korean women native workers. Increased missionary activity becoming Mohammedans. Al- and children as well. on the part of Buddhist sects though General Sadao Araki, This is the third Episcopal and the phenomenal rise of new, Minister of Education and a Mission for Koreans in Japan, popular cults present serious leading nationalist, is repQrted and has been opened entirely on problems; as does the Sino-Jap- to be encouraging the spread of the initiative of Mr. Koshiba. A anese conflict, involving the Mohammedanism, the divergence recent survey made by Mr. H. question of acting as recon- between the rigid monotheism Mitsui of Keijo, Korea, a Japciliator when the time comes. of Islam and the polytheistic anese, reveals that there are Christianity is one of the agen- teachings of the Japanese na- more KQreans of Christian faith cies in Japan, perhaps the only tional cult make this seem im- than all other religions comone, which assures to the Jap- prQbable. Japan's interest in bined, and more than twice as anese a sense of fellowship with Islam is undoubtedly motivated many Christians as in Japan only by considerations of world proper. -The Living Church. the rest of the world. trade and foreign policy. Expurgation of Christian Year Book Leadership Training ISLANDS OF THE PACIFIC All foreigners are conscious of A full summer of leadership Malay Boys' School ever-growing restrictions. The training conferences fQr the The Methodist Mission has most outstanding instance of in- moral, spiritual and physical formally opened a new BQYs' creased censorship is the expur- training of Japanese YQuth School at Sentul, a suburb of the gation of the 1939 Japan Chris- opened July 15 'at Camp Seisen capital of the Federated Malay tian Year Book. Eight pages Ryo, the Japanese Brotherhood States. This is a further step in had to be cut out before the book of St. Andrew's newly estab- the educational program for Macould be sold and distributed by lished leadership training camp laya. The new school was built the Christian Literature Society. on the slope .of Mt. Yatsugatake, at the request of the Selangor The first deletion dealt with Kiyosato. It is noticeable that government and as a branch of "The Year 1938 in Japan: A a distinguished group of leaders the Kuala Lumpur MethQdist General Survey," and evidently was secured as instructors; and School. It will accommodate 250 reported matters in relation to that there was active coopera- pupils, and is the first unit of a the war in China which are not tion, not only of all youth leaders larger institution that it is hoped current news here. The second but of the lay university profes- may be erected .on the same eliminated the introduction and sors and .others from 10 of Ja- grounds. It also is designed to first few paragraphs of a paper pan's leading universities and relieve the overload of the Kuala on "Social Conditions and colleges. Lumpur School, which has an Work"; and the third removed The actual Brotherhood con- enrollment of nearly 1,600 stuthe opening section of an article ferences operate in three sec- dents, representing all the races on "Relations to the Non-Chris- tions–college and business age and creeds in that city. Relitian Faiths of Japan," the latter young men, boys of middle gious instruction is carried on one of several by delegates from school age, and a third for rural by the school in the Christian this country to the Madras Con- young men. Each of these sec- faith, and last year during a speference dealing with Christian- tions has over 100 members cial emphasis week, nearly four ity's position in the empire. Pos- especially selected and invited hundred boys submitted their sibly the book will be thereby fQr their promise of leadership names for Christian decision. made more valuable than before ability. -The Living Church. -Christian Advocate.

in that true conditions will be Mission to Koreans Opened Igorots Save the Day revealed.-Christian Century. in Kyoto The Episcopal Mission School Courting Islam at Sagada, P. 1., would have been Reports of the spreading influ- A new mission to Koreans has closed when cuts were made in ence of Islam in Japan appear to just been opened in Kyoto by appropriations, had not the be exaggerated. A mosque in Rev. H. Koshiba, rector of St. Igorot industries provided a way Kobe and a mosque and school John's Episcopal Church in that to continue. These industries in Tokyo have been erected, but city. He has a nucleus of 37 were begun in 1932 with the these minister primarily to non- men, who meet in a little rented weaving of abaca, a native fiber Japanese Mohammedans resi- house every Wednesday night, commonly known as Philippine dent in Japan. Some disaffected for the purpose of studying pri- hemp. At first there were only Christian converts have gone mary school subjects. He has two looms, and the girl pupils over to Islam, but Dr. Kagawa four teachers for his little night did all the weaving; later, the says they are attracted by the school: himself, an Imperial women of IIi were employed and lower moral standards .of that university student, a prepara- now 19 women and girls are at religion; The high standards of tory school student, and a young work. They make bags, pocket personal purity maintained by lady. He is hoping that this books, book covers, luncheon

sets, rugs and other useful ar- report recommended that cer- constructive influence to counticles in various colors. Success tain immediate steps be taken in teract the degrading, demoralin the sale of the articles is view of the present international izing, disillusioning contribution partly due to the original designs tension. One of these steps, it too often made by Americans as and painstaking hand work, was revealed, urged strict avoid- residents or tourists in other which the Igorots have learned ance of any "unconscious fur- lands. by patient practice. There is a thering of propaganda." considerable sale in the United In a real sense every bearer States. Committee members described of an American passport, wheth- the report as going far beyond er he intends it or not, is a for- Part of the earnings of the in- any preceding ecumenical con- eign missionary. -Missions. dustry has been used, at Bishop ference in formulating definite Mosher's suggestion, to improve principles to be observed in in- Some Interesting Figures the building in which the work ter-state relations, as well as in is done. More and larger win- concrete suggestions for church The 46th annual session of the dows have been installed, and action. -The Living Church. Foreign Missions Conference of dormer windows have been put North America met in Swarthin the third story. Americans in Other Lands more, Pa., on June 6, and an- nounced some interesting facts -The Living Church. Based on the number of pass- in regard to missionary activity. ports issued by the Department "New Life" in the Philippines of State as summarized in The Protestant missions have grown New York Sun, nearly 350,000 rapidly in foreign lands but have Philippine Christians a Iso American citizens are living in fallen off in home countries. In 1925, have aNew Life Movement, foreign lands: More than there were 3,565,443 Protestant comwhich is based on twelve points, 175,000 are in Canada, 80,000 municants in mission lands and given below: are in Europe while the remain- slightly over 8,000,000 who were bap- der live in Asia, Africa, South tized and under instruction. In 1938 1. I shall let God direct my acts, America and the Islands. Coun- the number of communicants had my thoughts, my will, all day. tries like Italy, England, and jumped to 6,000,000 and 13,000,000 France have large colonies of baptized Protestants. 2. I shall spend my life helping the permanent American residents. world's acute need, and sacrifice self- The 350,000 total does not in- In 1911, there were 351 more orish advantage. clude the enormous army of dained missionaries in foreign serv- American tourists. ice than ordained native ministers. 3. I shall give an hour a day for Last year there were 10,271 more orprayer and Bible study. These figures should be stud- dained native ministers than foreign ied with concern especially by missionaries. This shows a decided 4. I shall have daily family wor- people who do not believe in shift from the foreign to the home ship and shall attend church. world missions. Here is an army control of Christian work. of Americans, temporarily vis- 5. I shall keep my soul full of love iting or permanently residing in The business of Protestant missions and free from prejudice. foreign lands. What impression in 1938 represented $60,000,000. Of do they convey of American cul- this amount $28,738,790 was raised on 6. I shall be absolutely honest. ture and ideals? Too often the the mission field, and the remainder 7. I shall be absolutely pure. reputation of America for good was provided by the Canadian and 8. I shall courageously oppose neighborliness, brotherhood, in- American churches. harmful customs. ternational idealism and world 9. I shall work for a juster social friendship suffers irreparably in There is one Christian for every 84 order. their hands. In contrast to that people in Asia; one for every 28 peo- 10. I shall be as pacifist as Christ large army should be contrasted ple in Africa; and one for every four was. the small company of 15,000 people in Oceanica. The high pro- 11. I shall seek ways to share all American foreign missionaries. portion in the last is due to the large my best with others. They present to the world what membership of the Roman Catholic 12. When I am sure others are is best and finest in American Church in the Philippines. wrong, I shall stand alone by Christ, life. They are in foreign lands always radiant with love. not to get something for them- World Council of Churches selves but to give something to These are printed on a card, others, not to exploit but to Among recent additions to the ten by twelve inches, suitable for share the Gospel of Christ and membership of the World Counhanging in the home. to lift people to a higher and cil of Churches, which now has more abundant life. a total of 54 members, are: The -Dnyanodaya. Church of Scotland, the Epis- Leaving out of consideration copal Church of Scotland, the MISCELLANEOUS the underlying spiritual motive Presbyterian Church of Eng- of Christian missions, the total land, the Congregational Union World Council in 1941 cost of the American foreign of England and Wales, the Con- mission enterprise is cheap as a gregational Union of South The administrative committee Africa, the Seventh Day Baptist of the proposed World Council Churches of the U. S. A., the of Churches has announced that Anglican Church of the West the first meeting will be held in Indies, and the United Presbythe United States in September, terian Church of North America. 1941. This committee of the Council's provisional body met It is planned to hold the first last summer in Utrecht, Holland. World Council meeting in the At this time, a confidential re- United States in September, port on the international situa- 1941. tion, prepared by a group of 30 experts, was presented. This Our Missionary Bookshelf Books Briefly Reviewed for the Readers' Information The African Today and Tomorrow. religion and culture were a bless- heaven and earth and of man. By Diedrich Westermann. Fore- ing and a curse. He says: "Is- There is an extended bib- word by the Rt. Hon. Lord Lugard. lam has had a far-reaching civ- 355 pp. $3.00. Oxford University ilizing influence. It has given liography, two sketch-maps and PressJ London and New York. the African a greater self-pos- several excellent photographic 1939. illustrations. Altogether, here session and a sense of security in is a book to possess, to read for As one of the results of the his outlook. It has done away delight and use for reference. conference held by the Interna- with many horrors such as hutional Missionary Council at Le- man sacrifice and cruel ordeals. SAMUEL M. ZWEMER. Zoute in Belgium some ten years The misuse of alcohol has dimin- ished. In the larger towns of American Tomorrows. By Wayne C. ago, the International Institute the Sudan, Islam has created Williams. 192 pp. Fleming H, of African Languages and Cul- centers of Mohammedan learn- Revell Co. New York. 1939. $1.50. ture came into being. The au- ing." On the other hand, he thor of this very important vol- writes: "The position of women Mr. Williams is a prominent ume is one of the directors of is in no way better in Islam than lawyer on the staff of the State the Institute and one of the out- with pagans. For the advance- Department in Washington and standing authorities on African ment of moral and physical an active member of the Method~ ethnology and history. He first cleanliness, l1ygiene and the ist Church. As the goals of combating of dise,ase Islam has America are a political democwent to the Dark Continent as a racy, he lists an ethical society missionary and has not lost his done nothing. Today in Africa of brotherhood, an economic soprimary interest. Possessed of it is sterile. Its atmosphere is ciety with well being and secuthe key to the insight into the that of stagnation. The spread rity for everyone, a parliament life and thought of the African, of Islam in Africa will lead the of man to settle disputes around namely a thorough knowledge of development of the Africans into a common council table, and a the chief' languages, Professor a blind alley. It cannot give to spiritualized race of men. He emphasizes education and reli- Westermann writes with author- the African the same new gion among the means of attainity. "It would be presumptu- power as Christianity because ing these goals. He writes rather· ous," says Lord Lugard, "for me its roots are not deep enough in rhetorically, with enthusiastic truth and it does not possess the advocacy of American democto praise" a book packed full same capacity for growth" (pp. racy and institutions, and closea with such accurate information. 280-281). These are weighty his book with the declaration The author tells of the anthro- and authoritative words. that "America can live for hun– pological background of man dreds and thousands of years– Regarding the native capacity but not without God." and race in Afric&. We have observations on the Negro mind, of the Negro and his artistic ARTHUR J. BROWN. the economic basis of life, of arts ski II, Professor Westermann and crafts; then illuminating says, "It has not been proved Through Tragedy to Triumph. By- that the Negro (child) in gen- Basil Mathews. 195 pp. Cloth, sketches of family life, the con- eral intelligence and educability $1.00; paper, 60 cents. Friendship tacts of old and new govern- is substantially inferior to the Press, 150 Fifth Avenue, New Yorlments, the supernatural world, white child." Yet the author City.

education and missions, lan- shows how the emotional char- "Through Tragedy to Triguage and education. The two acter of this race requires a dif- umph," written at the special refinal chapters deal with the dis- ferent approach in education quest of missionary societies integration and reintegration and training. In the chapter on both in North America and in due to the clash of races. the supernatural the author Great Britain, will be widely agrees with Wilhelm Schmidt read by men and women in our- The book is almost indispen- and others that throughout all churches this winter. It is a sable to all missionaries in pagan Africa "there is to be found the popular summary of the forces Africa. It does not· deal pri- belief in a high god or Supreme and issues in our world today in marily with those vast regions Being" who is the creator of the midst of which organized of North and East Africa which are Moslem, except that (pp. [ 527 ] 272-281) the author tells how Islam entered and how far this Christianity must contend for urally w.ant to secure the com- that Africa and India, where the plete reports of the Madras its life. meeting now being published in Germans have labored so long There is no doubt left in the a series of seven volumes and no better, more important refer- and so successfully, receive spereader's mind by the author as ence material supplementing Mr. to the ultimate fulfilment of Mathew's presentation is avail- cial attention. We have here God's redemptive pur po s e s able anywhere. For those leadthrough a united world fellow- ing discussions on the post- constructive criticism as well as ship of Christian believers. For Madras missionary challenge, this reason, Mr. Mathew's book these seven volumes will be in- information and all of the chapis a much needed tonic. It de- dispensable. But for the many picts our world with realism and who are interested chiefly in an ters are worthy of careful study. candor. These are tragic and up-to-date and challenging inominous days. Sinister pagan terpretation of the whither A map of the world, showing the forces and idolatries assail the bound of world protestantism, Christian revelation and all that "Through Tragedy to Triumph" distribution of the delegates to for which the Christian Church, will prove both interesting and as the incarnate body of Christ satisfying. It easily lends itself this world conference and two in the w 0 rid, courageously to individual reading or group discussion. Ministers will find score of excellent illustrations, stands. But the end is not yet. it rich in suggestions and ma- Through tragedy we steadily terial for their next so-called help to make the volume attracmove on to triumph. By many "missionary sermon." thrilling accounts of all that is tive. But most important for going on beneath the surface of MILTON STAUFFER. things in every area of the Anglo-Saxon readers is the chapworld's life and thought, Mr. Das Wunder der Kirche unter den Mathews gives us a fresh and Volkern der Erde: Bericht iiber die ter on Die Kirche und die Weltheartening impression of Chris- Weltmissions – Konferenz in Tamtianity's vitality and of the spir- baram 1938. Unter Mitarbeit von: liche Machte by Dr. Knak, toitual resources of Christian D. S. Knak, D. Dr. C. Ihmels, Dr. groups in most remote places. K. Hertenstein, Dr. W. Freytag, gether with the caveat or ex- etc. 212 pp. RM. 4.20. Heraus- Mr. Mathews for many years gegeben von Professor D. M. planation of the German delehas been a keen student of world Schlunk. Evangelische Missions affairs and has had unusual op- Verlag, Stuttgart. gates regarding the missionary portunities for keeping in close touch with the growth and with German delegates, although in message as adopted by the Counthe problems of C h r i s t ian a small minority, played a large churches in every part of our and important part in the Inter- cil. This is found also in the world. Ten years ago he was a national Missionary meetings at delegate to the International Edinburgh and Jerusalem. They official report of the Tambaram Missionary Council meeting in were a bulwark against "Mod- Jerusalem and later interpreted ernism" in the missionary mes- gathering and should not be this Conference to American sage and were referees in many churches in his book entitled, important aspects of the science overlooked. It emphasizes the "Roads to the City of God." of missions. Here we have the Now, as a delegate to the Madras recent Madras meeting, held at eschatological and christological meeting of the International Tambaram, as des c rib e d by Missionary Council, held last twelve outstanding missionaries standpoint of our German breth. December, he has, given us this and administrators of the Gerheartening and challenging por- man churches. Dr. Mar tin reno There is little sympathy trayal of "The World Church in Schlunk contributes a general the World Crisis." Few other account and is editor of the vol- with a so-called "social-gospel" students of the Christian world ume before us. Twelve chapters mission have a more intelligent discuss the themes: The Mes- nor for the identification of soinsight into the underlying is- sage, The Church, The Historical slles now calling for Christian Basis of Missions, The Christian cial and moral progress with the interpretation and solution, and Message in Its Present Environno author of missionary books ment (by Dr. Knak, pp. 74-89) ; Kingdom of God. They conceive has a more facile pen or greater Ambassadors of Christ, The Infaith in the ability of Christian ner-life of the Church, The Min- the real task of the Church to be groups to think and act together. istry, The Church and Financial Support, Church and State, by Word and deed, to bear daily The final chapter is faith's Church Union (by Dr. Harten- Hallelujah Chorus, "The Distant stein); Africa, India, and what witness to Jesus Christ as only Triumph Song." Many members Tambaram teaches. It is natural of American churches will nat- Saviour and to proclaim His atoning death until He comes again. S. M. ZWEMER.

Turgut Lives in Turkey. By Nezahet Nurettin Ege. Illustrated by The- resa Kalab. 8vo. 230 pp. $1.50. Longmans, Green & Co. New York. 1939.

American boys and girls will find this story interesting, for Mrs. Ege describes briefly a boy's life in modern Turkey- the contacts with schools, ba- zaars, mosques, home life, fes- tivals, farms, factories and va- rious experiences in Istanbul and on the Bosphorus. The boys, Turgut and Sami, and the girls, Sevim and Sura, are really too perfect to be true to life, and the life described, as experienced in Turkey, is very different from that pictured by most writers who are familiar with Moslem homes, schools and religion. The story is not written from a Christian viewpoint but the characters are friendly and not very different from the best type of American boys and girls.

Suffering: Human and Divine. By Arrows of the Lord. Leland Wang. Sketches from Penhalonga

119 pp. 18. Marshall, Morgan & Smith. 60 pp. 18. S. P. G. Lon- H. Wheeler Robinson, D.D. Intro- Scott. London. don. duction by Rufus M. Jones. 230 pp. African W omen-A Study of the Ibo Through Tragedy and Triumph. Basil $2.00. Macmillan Company, New of Nigeria. Sylvia Leith-Ross. 368 Mathews. 196 pp. $1.00, cloth; pp. 158. Faber and Faber, Ltd. 60 cents, paper. Friendship Press. York. 1939. London. New York.

In a world such as ours today Builder of Dreams. Ruth Carver Worship on Great Days. A Book for the message of this interesting Gardner and Christine Coffee Boys and Girls. By a Sister of Chambers. 200 pp. $1.00. Board- C. S. M. V. 72 pp. S. P. G. Lonvolume is timely. The problem man Press. Nashville. don. 1939.

of suffering was difficult enough Bridge-Building in South Africa- The World Friendship Room. Nan Lessons on the Work of the Church. F . Weeks. Illus. 83 pp. 35 cents. for Job and his friends, or for Picture Sheets. 70 pp. 18. 1d. Broadman Press. Nashville. S. P. G. London. the writer of the 73rd Psalm. Livingstone. R. J. Campbell, D.D. Bridging the Gulf – Pictures of the Illus. 256 pp. 28. 6d. Livingstone Today it is vaster and more com- Work in South Africa. Daphne Press, London. plex. Nature has revealed its Lambart. 83 pp. lB. S. P. G. London. John Williams Sails On. Cecil Northmysteries to a large extent, but cott. Illus. 255 pp. 58. Hodder & Book of Worship for Villages Stoughton, London. is still "red in tooth and claw." Churches. Edward K. Ziegler. 130 Humanity suffers today as nenr pp. Agricultural Missions Foun- + Kohila. Amy Carmichael. Illus. dation. New York. 187 99 pp. 58. S. P. C. K., before and corporately from so- London. Chinese Industrial Cooperatives. cial, economic and international General Report. 31 pp. Chinese The Land of the Gold Pagoda. F. Industrial Cooperatives. Hong- Deaville Walker. Illus. 152 pp. injustices. The immensity of kong, China. 18. Cargate Prl;lss, London.

space seems to put God further The Course of Christian Missions. + Yesterdays in Persia and Kurdistan. (Revised Edition.) William Owen Frederick G. Coan. xvi 284 pp. away, and the mathematical reg- Carver. 320 pp. $3.00. Revell. $2.50. Saunders Studio Press, New York. Claremont, Calif. ularity of law leaves no room for Day Dawn in Yoruba Land. Charles + Akiga's Story. Translated by Rupert miracle or prayer – so men tell E. Maddry. 218 pp. Broadman East. Illus. xv 436 pp. Oxford Press. Nashville. University Press, London. us. The author stands on the Directory of Protestant Missions im The Exploitation of East Africa. R. rock of Revelation and inter- China. 68 pp. North China Daily Coupland. 507 pp. 258. Faber News & Herald. Shanghai. and Faber, London. prets suffering, not as a problem Everyday Life in South Africa. Two The Cape Coloured People. J. S. only, but as a problem with a Outline Friezes. 18. S. P. G. Marais. Map. 296 pp. 128. 6d. London. Longmans, London. solution. The main factor is sin. The Frozen Guest-A Play in Two + A History of Brazil. JORO Pandh'i To Saul the Jew, suffering was Acts. D. Austen-Leigh. 40 pp. Calogeras. xxviii 374 pp. $5.00. 6d. S. P. G. London. University Press, Chapel Hill, North a problem; to Paul the Christian Carolina. Frontiers of American Life. Pamit became a privilege. The twelve phlet. Mark A. Dawber. 61 pp. + Inside Asia. John Gunther. xii 599 25 cents. Home Missions Council. pp. $3.50. Harper, New York. chapters are of unequal value New York. 128. 6d. Hamish Hamilton, London.

and the latter are more evan- Grace Triumphant. A. W. Baker. + Pioneers of Religious Education. T. 316 pp. 38. 6d. Pickering & Inglis. F. Kinloch. vii 144 pp. 38. 6d. gelical than the earlier ones. London. Oxford University Press, London.

There are traces of a modernistic Hinduism or Christianity. Sydney Fighting Africa's B I a c k Magic. Cave. 237 pp. $2.00. Harper Madge H. Morrill. 155 pp. $1.25. attitude toward the Old Testa- Bros. New York. Pacific Press Publishing Asso., Mountain View, Calif. ment, but generally the book Fannie E. S. Heck. Mrs. W. C. speaks with deep religious in- James. 192 pp. 60 cents. Broad- Today in Manchuria. T. Ralph Mor- man Press. Nashville. ton. Map. 128 pp. 28. 6d. Stusight and clear understanding of dent Christian Movement Press, Life and Letters of Walter W. London. what Christ's suffering meant Moore. J. Gray McAllister. 576 for Him and for us. pp. $2.50. Union Theological Sem- The Friendly Missionary. Nina inary. Richmond, Va. Mullen. 20 pp. 25 cents. Friend- This is a book worthwhile for ship Press, New York. the devotional shelf in every One in Worship. H. P. Thompson. 72 pp. 6d. S. P. G. London. + Mohammed. D. S. Margoliouth, Mission station. Here is the au- D.Litt., F.B.A. vi 151 pp. 58. Over the River – Six Story Lessons Blackie, London. thor's conclusion of the whole for Little Children, with Outline matter: "Suffering must be in- Pictures. 48 pp. 9d. S. P. G. + Israel's Mission to the World. H. H. London. Rowley, D.D. vii 136 pp. 38. 6d. terpreted from within the crea- Student Christian Movement Press, Suffering: Human and Divine. H. London. tive fellowship with God through Wheeler Robinson. 230 pp. $2.00. Macmillan. New York. The White Man's Burden. William Christ. This enables the believer Paton, D.D. 77 pp. 18. 6d. and See Africa. Illustrated Leaflet. 16 28. 6d. Epworth Press, London. to welcome even suffering. as pp. 2d. S. P. G. London. divinely g i v e n opportunity.

Through suffering, we learn both humility and sympathy with others and we have the oppor- tunity to give effective witness to our faith. Fellowship with J e sus implies 'cross-bearing'

with Him." S. M. ZWEMER.

New Boole.

Among the Zulus. Etheldred Waddy. 16 pp. 3d. S. P. G. London.

American Tomorrows. Wayne C. Williams. 192 pp. $1.50. Revell. New York.

never tirest never flinchest never grows

It travels cheaply and works while others sleep.

The American Christian Literature Society for Moslems cooperating with the Nile Mission Press and Interdenominational Committees on the field is paying for the production of Christian literature for many lands and in several languages.

Will you help to meet the challenge of increasing opportunities to send the Gospel in print to Turkey, Egypt, Arabia, India, Iran?

REV. SAMUEL M. ZWEMER, D.D., President MRS. WILUAM BANCROFT HILL, Honorary Vice President DELAVAN 1. PIERSON, First Vice President REV. THOMAS S. DONOHUGH, Second Vice President REV. JAMES CANTINE, D.D., Corresponding Secretary MRS. JAMES M. MONTGOMERY, Treasurer Make checks payable to the American Christian Literature Society for Moslems, and send them to the Treasurer, Room 1019, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City.

HAVE YOU READ?

THE LIFE OF GEORGE BOWEN OF BOMBAY By ROBERT E. SPEER The biography of a remarkable missionary whom the (then) Prince of Wales visited in Bombay at the request of his mother, Queen Victoria.

What some readers say of this book: Robert Speer's "Life of George Bowen of Bombay" is one was so far·sighted and so deep.seeing !-the former because of the richest of missionary biographies. the latter. If one wants to sum up the interests of our DR. J. LOVELL MURRAY, Director of the students today-Biblical, social, theological-Bowen is a representative figure. And what a lesson in apparent failure! Canadian School of Missions, Toronto. . . . I feel strongly that every student and alumnus of our What a life! He was old enough to know why he went, and bad enough to know the meaning of salvation. One by_ Seminary needs this book. What better book to lead them to product of his experience was his wonderful humility-nothing in the show window and himself in the remote back- feed on the Bible. One hears so much "vestibule religion"- ground. It is inspiring. men pointing to the door and taking their people as far as the threshold, but no opening up of the treasures within the DR. GEORGli P. PIERSON, formerly of Japan. Father's House. Read the topics of current sermons, and We must all be grateful for this revealing of the main- Bowen's expositions are precisely what Christians need in order springs of Bowen's character, his abiding faith in God, his to grow from puerility into spiritual maturity. Here is no earnest purpose to be a true and faithful follower of Jesus adolescent, but a man in Christ. This is no volume to be Christ; and his deep·seated conviction that the Gospel of read and dismissed, but to be marked and to be turned to Christ could meet the religious needs of India's people. repeatedly. HENRY SLOANE COFFIN, WILLIAM HAzEN, President of Union Seminary. Missionary in ShoJapur, India. A biography of one of the saintliest figures of the nine- The Memoirs of George Bowen will continue to be for teenth century. I could not put the book down. There is a fascination and a depth in this man's soul which held me in years to come a searching manual of devotion. He has set devout attention. I found myself marking his moving sayings before me an ideal which few could attain; his life is a scathwhich would serve as starting points for chapel talks. He ing rebuke to our ease, comfort, self·indulgence and inef- J. Ross STEVENSON, ficiency.

President Emeritus, Prin(eton Seminary.

Send $2.00 to·day for your copy of this latest book by Dr. Speer THE MISSIONARY REVIEW PUBLISHING CO.

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